Laporan Praktikum Perpipaan (Arif r.c.) (2mrk5)
May 11, 2019 | Author: ARIF R C | Category: N/A
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PRAKTEK PERPIPAAN...
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LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM PERPIPAAN
Disusun oleh :
Nama
: Arif Ramadhan Ramadhan Candrasa
NIM
: 1641320037
Kelas / No. Absen
: 2 MRK 5 / 2
Kelompok
:1
MANAJEMEN REKAYASA KONSTRUKSI JURUSAN TEKNIK SIPIL POLITEKNIK NEGERI MALANG 2017 i
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KATA PENGANTAR Dengan menyebut nama Allah SWT yang Maha Pengasih lagi Maha Penyayang, kami panjatkan puji syukur atas kehadirat – Nya, Nya, yang telah melimpahkan rahmat, hidayah, dan inayah
– Nya Nya kepada kami, sehingga kami dapat menyelesaikan Laporan Praktikum Pipa. Maksud dan tujuan penyusunan laporan ini adalah sebagai pemenuhan tugas yang dimaksudkan untuk kelengkapan bukti keikutsertaan pelaksanaan praktikum pipa. Laporan Praktikum Pipa ini telah kami susun dengan maksimal, dan mendapatkan bantuan dari berbagai pihak, sehingga dapat memperlancar dalam pembuatannya. Kami menyadari bahwa hal tersebut terlaksana berkat bantuan berbagai pihak, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Untuk itu, izinkan kami mengucapkan terima kasih kepada : 1. Bpk. Moh. Charits, ST., MT selaku Instruktur 1 2. Bpk. Nindya Rizki, ST. selaku Instruktur 2 3. Bpk. Andik Y. selaku teknisi
Terlepas dari itu semua, kami menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa masih ada kekurangan baik dari segi susunan kalimat maupun tata bahasanya. Oleh karena itu dengan tangan terbuka kami menerima segala saran dan kritik dari pembaca, agar kami dapat memperbaiki laporan praktikum ini menjadi lebih baik. Akhir kata, kami berharap semoga Laporan Praktikum Pipa (Plumbing) ini dapat memberikan manfaat maupun inspirasi bagi pembaca dan mahasiswa lainnya dan tentunya dapat digunakan sebagaimana mestinya.
Penulis
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
Mata Kuliah
: Praktikum Perpipaan
Nama
: Arif Ramadhan C.
NIM / No.Absen
: 1641320037 / 02
Tanggal Praktikum
: 12-22 April 2017
Pembimbing
: 1. Moh. Charits, ST., MMT 2. Nindya Rizki, S.ST.
Diperiksa Tanggal
:
Malang, 24 September 2017
Menyetujui ,
Instruktur
Pekerja
MOH. CHARITS, ST., MMT NIP. 19610331 199003 1 001
ARIF RAMADHAN C. NIM. 1641320037
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DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR.............................................. ..................................................... ..................................................................... ................ ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PENGESAHAN .................................................................................. ....................... iii DAFTAR ISI................................................................................................................................. iv BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang .....................................................................................................................1 1.2 Tujuan Praktikum.................................................................................................................1 1.3 Manfaat Praktikum...............................................................................................................1 1.4 Metode yang Digunakan ......................................................................................................2 BAB II PEMBAHASAN
2.1 Pengenalan Alat ...................................................................................................................3 2.2 Pengenalan Bahan ................................................................................................................3 2.3 Alat Pelindung Diri ...........................................................................................................16 BAB III
3.1 Job I Memotong dan Mengikir Manual .............................................................................19 3.1.1 Dasar Teori................................................................................................................19 3.1.2 Tujuan Praktikum......................................................................................................19 3.1.3 Alat dan Bahan ................................................ .................................................... ..........................................................19 ......19 3.1.4 Langkah Kerja K erja ................................................. .................................................... ..........................................................20 ......20 3.1.5 Hasil Pekerjaan .........................................................................................................20 3.2 Job II Mengulir Manual dan Mesin ...................................................................................21 3.2.1 Dasar Teori................................................................................................................21 3.2.2 Tujuan .......................................................................................................................21 3.2.3 Alat dan Bahan ................................................ .................................................... ..........................................................21 ......21
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3.3 Job III Membuat Instalasi Pipa Pendek .............................................................................24 3.3.1 Dasar Teori................................................................................................................24 3.3.2 Tujuan .......................................................................................................................24 3.3.3 Alat dan Bahan ................................................ .................................................... ..........................................................24 ......24 3.3.4 Langkah Kerja K erja ................................................. .................................................... ..........................................................25 ......25 3.3.5 Gambar Kerja .................................................. .................................................... ..........................................................26 ......26 3.3.6 Hasil Pekerjaan .........................................................................................................27 3.4 Job IV Memasang Instalasi Lanjutan ................................................. ................................28 3.4.1 Dasar Teori................................................................................................................28 3.4.2 Tujuan .......................................................................................................................28 3.4.3 Alat dan Bahan ................................................ .................................................... ..........................................................28 ......28 3.4.4 Langkah Kerja K erja ................................................. .................................................... ..........................................................29 ......29 3.4.5 Gambar Kerja .................................................. .................................................... ..........................................................30 ......30 3.4.6 Hasil Pekerjaan .........................................................................................................31 BAB IV PENUTUP
4.1 Kesimpulan ................................................... ..................................................... ....................................................................32 ...............32 4.2 Saran .................................................................................................................................32 LAMPIRAN FOTO DAN LAPORAN HARIAN ......................................................................33
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BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1
Latar Belakang
Sistem perpipaan dalam suatu bangunan merupakan suatu hal yang mutlak. Penyediaan air bersih, pembuangan air kotor, maupun jaringan instalasi gas sangat di perlukan suatu jaringan pipa yang tertata baik. Dengan demikian sitem perpipaan merupakan bagian yang tidak dapat terpisahkan dalam gedung. Oleh karena itu perencanaan dan perancangan sistem perpipaan di laksanakan dan di sesuaikan dengan tahapan perencanaan dan perancangan gedung itu sendiri dengan memperhatikan secara seksama hubungan dengan bagian-bagian konstruksi gedung dan peralatan lainnya yang ada dalam gedung itu sendiri. Dari hal tersebut dapat kita ketahui bahwa sistem perpipaan atau lazim kita sebut
dengan istilah “Plumbing’ yang dapat di defenisikan sebagai suatu ilmu pengetahuan dan ketermpilan dalam hal instalasi pipa air bersih, instalasi gas, instalasi alat-alat saniter dan instalasi air kotor. Adapun fungsi-fungsi dari instalasi tersebut, yaitu: 1. Menyediakan air bersih dari suatu tempat ke tempat lain yang di kehendaki dengan tekanan cukup. 2. Membuang air kotor dari tempat-tempat tertentu tanpa mencemarkan bagian penting lainnya. 3. Menyediakan gas untuk pemakaian dalam gedung, khususnya untuk pemakaian pipa dapur. Demikian rumitnya jaringan perpipaan dalam gedung, maka di perlukan suatu ketelitian
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standar dan sebagainya yang menyangkut peralatan instalasi plumbing di Indonesia telah di siapkan suatu pedoman plumbing Indonesia oleh suatu tim yang di bentuk oleh Direktorat Jendral Cipta Karya.
1.2
Tujuan Praktikum
Tujuan penulisan laporan ini adalah agar dapat digunakan sebagai pedoman belajar bagi Mahasiswa Politeknik jurusan Teknik Sipil, sehingga mahasiswa dapat mengetahui gambaran awal dari prosedur pelaksanaan praktikum secara sistematis sehingga nantinya dapat dipraktikumkan di lapangan yang sesungguhnya sesuai dengan materi yang didapat.
1.3
Manfaat Praktikum
1. Mahasiswa mampu menggunakan alat dengan baik dan benar. 2. Mahasiswa dapat menambah keterampilan dalam menerapkan teori yang sudah didapat. 3. Mahasiswa dapat membiasakan diri untuk bekerja dengan disiplin, teliti, dan mempunyai rasa tanggung jawab jawab dalam melaksanakan praktikum kerja kerja plumbing plumbing . 4. Mahasiswa memiliki dasar teori yang benar dalam pembuatan jaringan pipa.
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BAB II PEMBAHASAN 2.1
Pengenalan Alat
Mengenal alat-alat dan perkakas serta fungsi-fungsi alat dan cara penggunaannya sangat penting dalam bidang teknik plumbing. Peralatan kerja tangan ( hand tool ) yang di pergunakan dalam kerja pipa dapat di kelompokan sebagai berikut: 1. Alat ukur Meliputi rol meter, mistar baja, siku baja, unting-unting, waterpass, pita ukur, jangka sorong, jangka tusuk, jangka dalam, jangka luar, selang air dan benang. 2. Alat pemberi tanda Meliputi pensil, krayon, kapur tulis, spidol, penggores, penitik. 3. Alat pemotong Meliputi gergaji besi, pemotong pipa, burring reamer, pahat besi, dan kikir. 4. Alat pengulir Meliputi pengulir dalam (tap), pengulir luar ( sney ), dan T-Dies. 5. Alat penjepit. Meliputi ragum, kunci pipa, kunci inggris, Tang Klem, dan Tang kombinasi. 2.2
Pengenalan Bahan Selain mempunyai pengetahuan dan keterampilan cara menggunakan peralatan yang aman, seorang pekerja juga harus mengetahui bahan-bahan dalam pekerjaan pipa.
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timah merupakan sesuatu bahan yang mempunyai daya tahan terhadap karat. Apabila kualitas lapisan sempurna, maka pipa galvanis akan tahan terhadap karat hingga kurang lebih sepuluh tahun. Pipa galvanis di produksi dengan berbagai ukuran, baik diameter maupun ketebalan dindingnya, di sesuaikan kegunaannya. Ukuran yang umum di pergunakan dan banyak di pasaran
adalah pipa dengan diameter ½″, ¾″, 1½″, 2″, 2½″, 3″, dan 4″ dengan ukuran paling standar adalah 6 ( enam) meter. 1.2 Pipa besi tuang. Pipa besi tuang dalam pekerjaan pipa digunakan untuk instalasi air bersih dan instalasi air kotor, baik dipasang di dalam maupun di luar gedung serta diatas maupun di bawah tanah. Pipa besi tuang di produksi dengan
diameter 2″ sampai 15″ dengan panjang 3 meter dan 6 meter. Keuntungan pipa besi tuang : 1. Terbuat dari bahan yang kuat. 2. Tidak menyerap air 3. Tidak berisik bisa di aliri air Kerugian pipa besi tuang : 1. Bahannya berat 2. Bila kurang hati-hati dalam mengulir dapat menimbulkan retak. 1.3 Pipa tembaga.
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Pipa tembaga keras di produksi dalam bentuk batangan dengan panjang 5-6 meter, juga di produksi dalam bentuk rol dengan panjang 5 meter. 1.4
Pipa PVC. Pipa PVC dalam pekerjaan pipa di pergunakan untuk instalasi air bersih dan instalasi air kotor. Pipa PVC di bagi dalam 4 kelas berdasarkan kekuatan tekan yang mampu diterimanya, yaitu : 1. Kelas AW ( VP ) dengan tekanan kerja 10 Kg/cm 2. Kelas AZ dengan tekanan kerja 8 Kg/cm 3. Kelas D ( VU ) dengan tekanan kerja 5 Kg/cm 4. Kelas C untuk saluran kabel listrik. Pipa PVC dengan panjang standar 4 meter sampai 6 meter per batang. Pipa PVC kelas AW ( VP ) dan AZ di pergunakan untuk instalasi air bersih, saluran pembuangan, pembuangan, irigasi, pembuangan pembuangan dan instalasi ventilasi pada gedung, saluran bahan kimia, dan sprinkler. Pipa PVC kelas AZ dan D ( VU ) di gunakan untuk pembuangan pembuangan pada bangunan. Pipa PVC kelas C khusus di pergunakan untuk instalasi listrik dan penerangan.
Ada beberapa keuntungan dari penggunaan PVC, yaitu : 1. Tidak menghambat aliran air. 2. Anti karat, tahan terhadap zat-zat kimia.
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a. Tee Di pergunakan untuk menyambung tiga buah pipa yang berdiameter sama, dengan arah tegak lurus. Alat sambung ini mempunyai ulir di tiga ujungnya. b. Reducing Tee Di pergunakan untuk menyambung tiga buah/batang pipa yang mempunyai dua macam ukuran diameter dengan arah tegak lurus. Alat sambung ini mempunyai uliran di ketiga ujungnya.
c. Elbow ( F+F ) Di pergunakan untuk menyambung dua buah pipa yang berdiameter
90’. Alat sambung ini mempunyai ulir dalam di kedua ujungnya.
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e.
Elbow 45’ ( F + F ) Di pergunakan untuk menyambung dua buah pipa yang berdiameter
sama dengan sudut 45’ . Alat sambung ini mempunyai ulir dalam di kedua ujungnya.
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h.
Elbow 45’ ( F + M ) Di pergunakan untuk menyambung dua buah pipa yang berdiameter
sama, dengan sudut 45’, alat sambung ini mempunyai ulir yang berlainan di kedua ujungnya itu uliran dalam dan uliran luar.
i. Bend ( F + M )
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k.
Bend 45’ ( F + F ) Di pergunakan untuk menyambung dua buah pipa yang berdiameter
sama, dengan sudut 45’ yang mempunyai ulir dalam dan ulir luar dan mempunyai jari-jari panjan
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n. Bushis. Di pergunakan dua buah pipa yang berlainan ukuran diameternya sama dengan ulir luar pada posisi luar dan uliran dalam pada posisi dalam.
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q. Plug. Di pergunakan untuk menutup pipa atau alat sambung yang mempunyai ulir dalam.
2.2 Alat sambung Pipa PVC
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Ada dua tipe katup yang sering dipergunakan yaitu gatevalve dan stop cock/ globe valve. a. Gate valve Katup jenis ini sangat cocok digunakan pada pipa utama atau pada pompa , yaitu tempat yang sangat diperlukan tekanan air yang tetap. Apabila katup dibuka, air akan melalui diameter dalam pipa, dalam hal ini pemasangan dapat dilakukan dengan dua arah.
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4. Saniter Saniter adalah merupakan alat keperluan manusia yang ada hubungannya dengan kebutuhan air pembuangan, sehingga manusia dapat terjamin kesehatannya. Bahan yang digunakan adalah keramik, besi baja, berbagai plastik, fiber glass, dan bahan tahan karat. Bahan lainnya yang ada sekarang, mulai banyak digunakan untuk bak mandi rendam ( bath tube ) adalah resikpolister yang diperkuat dengan anyaman serat glass, dan yang tergolong mewah yaitu dengan menggunakan marmer kualitas tinggi.
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Bak Mandi
Bak cuci tangan
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c. Alat seniter lemak (greasy water fixture). Alat ini digunakan untuk melayani air kotor yang mengandung lemak.biasanya
alat
seniter
ini
biasa
makan/restoran.hotel,rumah sakit dan sebagainya. Alat seniter lemak antara lain yaitu : - Tempat cuci piring ( Kitchen sink ) - Mesin cuci piring ( dish washer )
dipasang
dirumah
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Bidet 2.3
Alat Pelindung Diri
Slop sink
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2.3.2
Sepatu Safety
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2.3.4
Masker
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BAB III JOB I MEMOTONG DAN MENGIKIR MANUAL
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3.1.4. Langkah Kerja
3.1.4.1
Berdoa untuk mengawali kegiatan, dilanjutkan dengan senam lalu teori.
3.1.4.2
Cek peralatan dalam box. Isikan data jumlah alat dalam kertas tabel
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JOB II MENGULIR MANUAL DAN MESIN
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