Laporan Praktikum Pengamatan Gerak Bakteri

 

]@HEAIAWAH E@^AC NACW@^K 

BA]D^AH ]^ACWKCPI Phtuc i`i`huok tueas iatacubkao Ikcrdnkdbdek yahe gkaipu db`o ]rdj. Gr.Gra. Ptaik Vrk Oastutk, I.]g

Gksusuh db`o< C`bdipdc : / Djj`rkhe K Fabvkh [ugoa B

(1;=67>>1>>=) (1;=67>>1>>=)

Gaobka Hdriaba

(1;=67>:>1>70) (1;=67>:>1>70)

Jato ^kb Aubka

(1;=67>:>1>17) (1;=67>:>1>17)

^khabgk Hdvkahsyao

(1;=67>:>1>>1) (1;=67>:>1>>1)

PHKZ@^VKWAV H@E@^K IABAHE   JACPBWAV IAW@IAWKCA GAH KBIP ]@HE@WAOPAH ABAI   ]^DGK V1 NKDBDEK / ]@HGKGKCAH NKDBDEK  

Iar`t >=>1 

 

A. Wdpkc 

]`eaiatah E`rac Nact`rk N. Waheeab

V`hkh, =1 Iar`t >=>1 F. Wuluah 

1.  Phtuc i`h`htucah aga atau tkgac agahya c`iaipuah e`rac nact`rk >.  Phtuc i`heaiatk e`rac nact`rk G. Gasar W`drk

I`cahksi` e`rac nact`rk nkba gkgasark db`o aga tkgachya abat e`rac gapat gkedbdhecah gabai  nact`rk yahe n`rskjat idtkb gah yahe n`rskjat hdh idtkb, nact`rk yahe n`rskjat idtkb i`ikbkck abat e`rac yahe gkhaiacah jbae`b, abat e`rac khk saheat oabus >=°i >=° i s`okheea tkgac gapat gkbkoat g`heah ikcrdscdp. ]`re`raccah jbae`b nact`rk agabao g`heah fara i`iutar jbae`b n`rn`htuc o`bkx p`re`racah khk gapat gksaiacah g`heah cdtr`c p`inuca ndtdb eanus. Gah uhtuc nact`rk yahe tkgac i`ikbkck abat e`rac uiuihya n`re`rac s`fara i`he`bkgkhe i`buhfur gah acah  n`re`rac apankba aga cdhtac t`roagap n`hga pagat (Garcuhk, >==1) S1Y. Jbae`ba i`rupacah structur cdipb`cs yahe t`rsusuh atas n`riafai-iafai prdt`kh t`riasuc jbae`bkh yahe i`inuat jbae`ba n`rn`htuc s`p`rtk tanuhe fainuc gah prdt`kh cdipb`cs yahe i`iahlahecah gkhgkhe s`b gah i`inrah s`b uhtuc i`in`htuc idtdr yahe i`hy`nancah jbae`ba n`rdtask. Jbae`ba n`rn`htuc s`p`rtk fainuc. Jbae`ba gkeuhacah nact`rk s`naeak abat e`rac S>Y. N`htuc yahe uiui gkluipak i`bkputk< 1. Idhdpdbar idhdtrkcoa< nact`rk i`ikbkck satu jbae`b yahe n`raga gksabao satu uluhe s`b. >. Idhdpdbar Bdjdtrkcoa< nact`rk i`ikbkck nahyac jbae`b yahe gkt`iucah paga sabao satu cutun s`b. 6. Nkpdbar aijktrkca< i`ikbkck jbae`b paga c`gua cutunhya g`heah luibao b`nko gark satu. 7. ]`rktrkcoa< nact`rk i`ipuhyak jbae`b yahe t`rs`nar paga s`buruo naekah s`bhya. Wkgac s`iua nact`rk i`ipuhyak gaya idtkbktas, aga nact`rk yahe tkgac i`ipuhyak abat e`rac. V`okheea, n`rgasarcah b`tac gah luibao jbae`b paga s`b nact`rk, l`hks khk gkedbdhecah gabai  nact`rk atrkc (Gwkglds`putrd, 1;5?) S6Y. ]aga e`rac e`r ac Nrdwh s`iua dreahksi` n`re`tar g`heah balu yahe saia gah i`hlaea ounuheah ruahe yahe t`tap satu saia bakh, s`gahecah nact`rk yahe idtkb t`rus i`h`rus n`re`rac c`arao t`rt`htu (U`sb`y & Uo``b`r, 1;??) S7Y. @. Abat gah Naoah

Abat 1. Ikcrdscdp >. Cafa n`hga f`cuhe

 

6. Larui khdcubask uluhe burus 7. Larui khdcubask uluhe n`rcdbdhe 0. Cafa p`hutup :. Baipu spkrktus 5. @ht-cas Naoah 1. Nkacah nact`rk yahe gkp`rdb`o gark c`ekatah c`-KK >. Aquag`s st`rkb 6. C`rtas p`heoksap 7. Abfdodb 5=% 0. I`gkui b`ip`he > nuao :. I`gkui ikrkhe > nuao 5. Bap ?. Cdr`c apk ;. Vanuh fufk 1=. Bksdb 11. Wkssu` J. ]rds`gur C`rla

1. Cafa n`hga f`cuhe yahe sugao n`rsko gkainkb, babu gkb`watcah gk atas apk baipu spkrktus. spkrkt us. >. Cafa p`hutup yahe n`rsko gkainkb, babu gkb`watcah gk atas apk baipu spkrktus. 6. Gk atas cafa p`hutup gkt`t`sk satu ds` aquag`s st`rkb. 7. Khdcubui yahe n`rasab gark cdbdhk nact`rk yahe acah gkp`rkcsa gkainkb s`gkckt s`fara asp`tkc. (Gkbacucah g`heah i`heeuhacah larui khdcubask uluhe burus). 0. Khdcubui gks`htuocah paga t`t`sah aquag`s st`rkb paga cafa p`hutup, babu gkratacah  p`rbaoah-baoah. :. Naekah f`cuhe gark cafa n`hga f`cuhe gkt`rbuhecupcah t`pat gk atas cafa p`hutup yahe t`bao gkn`rk khdcubui. 5. Cafa n`hga gah cafa p`hutup gknabkccah g`heah f`pat. Gkusaoacah aear t`t`sah aquag`s i`heeahtuhe gah t`rcuruhe gk gabai f`cuheah cafa n`hga. ?. ]r`parat gkaiatk gk nawao ikcrdscdp. ;. N`htuc s`b gah c`iaipuahhya gkfatat gah gkiasuccah gatahya c` gabai tan`b oaskb  p`heaiatah.

 

E. Gata

Eainar Oaskb ]`heaiatah E`rac Nact`rk

Eainar 1 Nact`rk 1 N`re`rac gk W`ipat g`heah Arao \ke-\ae

Eainar > Nact`rk > N`re`rac g`heah Arao \ke-\ae Gah N`rpkhgao W`ipat

Wan`b 1 Oaskb ]`heaiatah E`rac V`b Nact`rk Cdg` Ksdbat

C`iaipuah N`rpkhgao W`ipat Aga

Wkgac Aga

1 >

C`t`raheah< ∜ 9 Aga c`iaipuah atau tkgac aga c`iaipuah n`rpkhgao t`ipat

 

O. Ahabksks Gata

]`heaiatah e`rac paga nact`rk 1 ( Eainar 1) i`huhluccah naowa nact`rk tkgac iaipu  n`re`rac. E`racah gkt`ipat i`rupacah e`rac Nrdwh car`ha agahya `h`rek ckh`tkc yahe gkikbkck db`o s`tkap partkc`b. V`gahecah, p`heaiatah nact`rk paga nact`rk > ( Eainar >) i`huhluccah naowa nact`rk iaipu n`re`rac gah n`rpkhgao t`ipat (gktahgak g`heah tahga  pahao nkru). K. ]`inaoasah ]ractkcui gkbacucah g`heah tuluah i`heaiatk e`rac paga nact`rk. ]aga practkcui cabk khk gkeuhacah i`tdg` atau t`chkc t`t`sah n`reahtuhe. I`tdg` t`rs`nut i`ip`riugao p`heaiatah gkcar`hacah n`htuc cafa n`hga yahe i`ikbkck f`cuheah, s`okheea nact`rk tkgac t`rl`pkt gkahtara cafa n`hga gah cafa p`hutup. G`heah g`ikckah, nact`rk gapat n`re`rac gah gapat gkaiatk p`re`racahhya db`o practkcah. Oab khk gkgucuhe db`o p`rhyataah ]`bfzar (1;?:) yahe i`hyatacah naowa pr`parat t`t`sah n`reahtuhe i`rupacah i`tdg` pkbkoah uhtuc i`heaiatk  prds`s-prds`s c`okgupah t`rt`htu, iksabhya s`p`rtk idtkbktas gah r`prdgucsk S0Y. N`rgasarcah oaskb p`heaiatah gark c`gua cdbdhk s`b nact`rk, gkgapatcah oaskb nact`rk g`heah  n`htuc naskb. Nact`rk 1 ( Eainar 1) i`huhluccah agahya e`rac nrdwh. Oab khk k hk gkiuheckhcah car`ha agahya `h`rek ckh`tkc i`heacknatcah t`rlagkhya tuinucah ahtar s`b nact`rk (Jarrkaty, 1;;0). Babu, uhtuc nact`rk > (Eainar >) i`huhluccah p`re`racah gah p`rpkhgaoah t`ipat s`fara zke-zae yahe i`hekhgkcaskcah naowa nact`rk t`rs`nut n`rskjat idtkb. Oab t`rs`nut i`huhluccah p`rn`gaah ahatara nact`rk 1 gah nact`rk > gark s`ek idtkbktas. ]aga uiuihya  nact`rk yahe gapat i`bacucah p`re`racah agabao nact`rk yahe i`ikbkck jbae`bba. Oab khk gkgucuhe db`o p`rhyataah ]`bfzar (1;?:) yahe i`hyatacah jbae`bbui (laiac, jbae`bba) i`hy`nancah idtkbktas (p`re`racah) paga s`b nact`rk. Haiuh, tkgac s`iua nact`rk i`ipuhyak jbae`bba. Zdbc & Uo``b`r (1;??) i`h`eascah naowa c`iaipuah suatu dreahksi` uhtuc  n`re`rac s`hgkrk gks`nut idtkbktas (gaya e`rac) S:Y. Oaipkr s`iua s`b nact`rk spkrab gah s`naekah gark s`b nact`rk naskb n`rskjat idtkb, s`gahecah nact`rk yahe n`rn`htuc fdffus n`rskjat tkgac n`re`rac (kiidtkb) gah aga puba yahe i`heabaik e`rac nrdwh. Nact`rk yahe tkgac i`ikbkck c`iaipuah uhtuc n`re`rac t`tapk n`rpkhgao-pkhgao t`ipat gks`nancah db`o agahya  p`hearuo buar atau bkhecuheah, s`p`rtk p`hearuo ugara, akr atau p`rahtara iacobuc okgup bakhhya. L. C`skipubah

1. Nact`rk n`rskjat idtkb (gapat n`re`rac) gah kiidtkb (tkgac gapat n`re`rac). Nact`rk yahe gapat  n`re`rac i`ipuhyak jbae`bba (abat e`rac). Nact`rk yahe tkgac gapat n`re`rac c`iuheckhah

 

 n`rpkhgao t`ipat. J`hdi`ha khk gks`nut g`heah e`rac Nrdwh yahe gks`nancah db`o agahya  p`hearuo gark bkhecuheah yahe yahe i`hy`nancah nact`rk n`rpkhgao t`ipat. >. E`rac nact`rk gapat gkaiatk g`heah i`tdg` ‒t`t`sah n`reahtuhe’. Lkca nact`rk t`rs`nut n`re`rac gk t`ipat g`heah arao zke-zae, oab khk i`huhluccah naowa nact`rk tkgac iaipu n`re`rac, i`bakhcah p`hearuo gark bkhecuheah yahe gks`nut e`rac Nrdwh. V`gahecah, lkca nact`rk  n`re`rac g`heah arao zke-zae gah n`rpkhgao t`ipat i`huhluccah i`huhluccah nact`rk iaipu n`re`rac. C. Gkscusk

1. C`uhtuheah apacao yahe gkp`rdb`o i`babuk p`heeuhaah i`tdg` ‒t`t`sah n`reahtuhe’ gabai  p`heaiatah e`rac nact`rk4 I`tdg` atau t`chkc t`t`sah n`reahtuhe i`rupacah sabao satu i`tdg` yahe gkeuhacah uhtuc i`he`taouk p`re`racah nact`rk. W`chkc khk i`ikbkck c`uhtuheah ahtara bakh < -  V`b nact`rk okgup yahe t`rsusp`hsk gabai zat fakr iugao gkaiatk p`re`racahhya car`ha agahya ruahe uhtuc nact`rk i`bacucah p`re`racah s`okheea nact`rk gapat n`nas  n`re`rac. -  V`b nact`rk tkgac acah iatk t`rokipkt cafa n`hga gah cafa p`hutup, car`ha paga i`tdg` khk cafa n`hga yahe gkeuhacah agabao cafa n`hga yahe f`cuhe paga naekah t`heaohya. -  B`nko iugao i`heaiatk e`rac s`b nact`rk car`ha s`b-s`b nact`rk nact`r k oahya n`re`rac s`natas t`t`sah (satu ds`) aquag`s st`rkb s`naeak i`gka tkheeab nact`rk. -  Nact`rk tkgac i`inaoayacah practkcah s`ahgakhya sala nact`rk t`rs`nut n`rskjat  patde`h car`ha pdsksk nact`rk yahe i`heeahtuhe i`heeahtuhe gkatas f`cuheah (nact`rk t`rksdbask). >. Naeakiahacah fkrk-fkfk e`racah nact`rk4 E`rac nact`rk paga p`heaiatah ikcrdscdpks n`riafai-iafai, s`p`rtk n`r`hahe (swkiikhe),  n`reubkhe-eubkhe, i`buhfur ( ebkgkhe), gah e`rac Nrdwh. E`rac nact`rk i`rupacah e`rac gark  nact`rk yahe n`rskjat idtkb gkiaha arao e`rachya i`hulu c` arao t`rt`htu, iksabhya car`ha  p`hearuo zat ckika. V`gahecah e`rac Nrdwh i`rupacah e`racah yahe nucah n`rasab gark  nact`rk ktu s`hgkrk i`bakhcah gkcar`hacah agahya partkc`b-partkc`b akr yahe aga gks`c`bkbkhe s`b atau agahya `h`rek ckh`tkc. 6. Ksdbat nact`rk g`heah cdg` apa yahe iaipu n`re`rac4 Ksdbat nac`tk g`heah cdg` > agabao nact`rk yahe iaipu n`re`rac (idtkb). 7. Ksdbat nact`rk g`heah cdg` apa yahe tkgac iaipu n`re`rac4 Ksdbat nac`tk g`heah cdg` 1 agabao nact`rk yahe tkgac iaipu n`re`rac (kiidtkb).

 

0. Aga n`n`rapa tkp` jbae`b yahe n`rjuhesk s`naeak abat e`rac nact`rk, nuatbao eainar-eainar gah c`t`raheah! N`rgasarcah luibao gah bdcask p`b`catah jbae`ba, tkp` jbae`ba paga s`b nact`rk i`haipaccah  n`htuc yahe coas. Nact`rk s`p`rtk paga ]s`ugdidhas i`ikb i`ikbkck kck satu jbae`ba paga naekah sabao satu uluhe s`b yahe gks`nut idhdtrkc. Wkp` jbae`ba yahe t`rsusuh atas nahyac jbae`ba yahe b`tachya paga satu uluhe s`b gkc`hab s`naeak tkp` bdjdtrkc. V`gahecah, apankba b`tac jbae`bba  paga c`gua uluhe s`b gkhaiacah tkp` aijktrkc. C`bdipdc `ht`rdnact`rk idtkb s`p`rtk Vabidh`bba atau Nafkbbus i`ikbkck jbae`ba yahe t`rs`nar paga s`buruo p`riucaah s`b, yahe gks`nut p`rktrkc.

Eainar 1 Wkp` Jbae`bba ]aga V`b Nact`rk Vuin`r< (Ikbtdh, Cwahe-Vokh Cki, >==1)

:. Apacao c`uhtuheah nact`rk yahe iaipu n`re`rac n`rpkhgao t`ipat4 L`bascah! Iahjaat pdt`hskab gark idtkbktas t`riasuc p`hkhecatah `jksk`hsk p`rdb`oah hutrksk,  p`heokhgarah zat n`rafuh, c`iaipuah uhtuc n`rpkhgao c` khahe yahe gksucak gah gah i`heacs`s bdcask cdbdhksask yahe dptkiab gk gabaihya, gah p`hy`narah gk bkhecuheah s`baia p`hubarah S5Y.

 

B. Gajtar ^ulucah 

S1Y

‒(]GJ) idgub ikcrdui.’ ottps65>TidgubTikcrdui (aff`ss`g Iar. ottps65>TidgubTikcrdui =0, >=>1).

S>Y

‒I`cahksi` E`rac Nact`rk | LavAurdra.’ ottps=1=/=?/>1/i`cahksi`-e`rac-nact`rk/ (aff`ss`g Iar. =0, >=>1).

S6Y

‒Gasar -gasar ikcrdnkdbdek / G. Gwkglds`putrd | D]AF ]`rpustacaah Haskdhab ^K.’ ottps=>1).

S7Y

U. I. J., Ikcrdnkd  Ikcrdnkdbdek bdek Gasar Lkbkg Lkbkg K . @rbaheea, 1;??.

S0Y

‒G`scrkpsk< Gasar -gasar -gasar ikcrdnkdbdek / Ikfoa`b L. ]`bfzar, Lr., @.F.V. Foah3  p`h`rl`iao ^atha Vkrk Oagkd`tdid ... S`t ab.Y.’ ottps?:>.PHIAB===========1:01/G`sfrkptkdh (aff`ss`g Iar. =:, >=>1).

S:Y

‒Bdcask< Ikcrdnkdbdek Gasar.’ ottps (aff`ss`g Iar. =:, >=>1).

S5Y

C. I. Dtt`iahh ahg L. J. Ikbb`r, ‒^db`s jdr idtkbkty kh naft`rkab-odst kht`raftkdhs,’ 1115, 1;;5, gdk< 1=.1=7:/l.16:0 Idb. Ikfrdnkdb. Ikfrdnkdb., vdb. >7, hd. :, pp. 11=; ‖ 1115, >;0?.1;;5.7>?15?5.x.