Laporan Praktikum Instrumentasi - Kelompok 3 - Bab 3

 

JGUM[GO U[GISFIRL FOTS[RLBOSGTF 

‚Ubohgrua UA Sbragcgp Kbotui Tpbitrul“ 

Cmsbo Ublkflkfoh > Gpt. Tupgocf, L.Tf

Ibjgs K7 Ibjmlpmi FFF

7. Xftrf Tg`frg [galgo

(7653572764)

;. Sgsag Gsygrf

(7653572732)

4. Tabjjg Gprfjfygog

(7653572;;2)

3. Luaglgc @gngr @gcfjga

(7653572556)

U[MH[GL TSRCF @G[LGTF ROFPB[TFSGT LRAGLLGCFVGA U[M@. C[. AGLIG NGIG[SG ;5;7 

 

  KGK F UBOCGARJRGO

G.  SRNRGO U[GSFIRL Tbtbjga lbohfiutf prgitfiul fof lgagsfswg cfagrgpigo lglpu lblgaglf  pblfjfago nbofs cgo lgdgl-lgdgl pbjgrut ygoh cgpgt lblpbohgruaf kbotui spbitrul. K.  SBM[F CGTG[ Gogjfsg iugjftgtf` cbohgo lbtmcb spbitrm`mtmlbtrf Rv-Pfs agoyg cfpgigf sbkghgf cgtg sbiuocbr sgng gtgu cgtg pbocuiuoh. Cgtg ygoh cfpbrmjba cgrf spbitrmsimpf RP cgo Pfs gcgjga pgongoh hbjmlkgoh lgisflgj, fotbosftgs, b`bi, pA, cgo pbjgrut ygoh ibsblugoyg cgpgt cfkgocfohigo cbohgo cgtg ygoh sucga cfpukjfigsfigo Ugcg gogjfsfs iugjftgtf` cbohgo lbtmcb spbitrm`mtmlbtrf Rv-Pfs gcg ; agj ygoh cgpgt cftbotuigo, ygftu> 7. Ublbrfisggo iblurofgo spbitrul RP-Pfs ;. Ubobotugo pgongoh hbjmlkgoh lgisflul Ugcg pbrfisggo iblurofgo spbitrul cfjgiuigo cbohgo lblkgocfohigo spbitrul cbohgo Ublkgocfoh (Ttgocgrc [b`brbodb), ogluo lbtmcb fof tfcgi kgoygi lblkbrfigo agsfj ygoh lblugsigo cgo tfcgi vgjfc. Aglpfr sblug sboygwg cgpgt lboybrgp bobrhf dgagyg RP. Ubrkbcggo struitur gtml/sboygwg lblkbrfigo pbrkbcggo kbsgroyg bobrhf ygoh cfsbrgp. Umjg sbrgpgo RP sugtu sboygwg sgohgt spbsf`fi iugjftgtf`, cgpgt ;3 lboybkgkigo pbrhbsbrgo pmjg spbitrul. Ttruitur spbitrul cgpgt kbrukga igrbog  pbrkbcggo jfohiuohgo jgrutgo pbrbgisf hbsbr. Umjg pbrhbsbrgo ygoh spbsf`fi kfsg cfpgigf uotui rb`brbosf iugjftgtf` huhus/ sboygwg tbrtbotu. Tpbitrm`mtmlbtrf gcgjga sugtu lbtmcb ygoh cgpgt cfhglkgrigo sbkghgf sugtu  pbrpgongohgo cgrf pbobjftfgo vfsugj cflgog stucf ygoh jbkfa tfohhf gtgu tbrfodf lbohbogf  pbohgksmrpsfgo bobrhf dgagyg mjba spbsf iflfg. Tpbitrm`mtmlbtrf lbrupgigo stucf lbohbogf fotbrgisf gotgrg bobrhf dgagyg cgo lgtbrf. @gitmr-`gitmr ygoh lblpbohgruaf spbitrul pbrbsgpgo gotgrg jgfo> pbjgrut, igcgr jgrutgo, tbkgj jgrutgo cgo jbkgr dbjga. Cgtg spbitrg RP-Pfs sbdgrg tbrsbocfrf tfcgi cgpgt cfhuogigo uotui fcbotf`figsf iugjftgtf` mkgt gtgu lbtgkmjftoyg. Cgtg ygoh cfpbrmjba cgrf spbitrmsimpf RP-Pfs gcgjga pgongoh hbjmlkgoh lgisflgj, fotbosftgs, b`bi pA cgo  pbjgrut. Cflgog cgtg-cgtg tbrsbkut cfkgocfohigo cbohgo cgtg ygoh gcg cgo tbjga cfpukjfigsfigo. 

 

3-Oftrm`bomj (nuhg cfsbkut p- oftrm`bomj gtgu 3-afcrmisfoftrmkbozbog) gcgjga sboygwg `bomjfi ygoh lblfjfif huhus oftrm pgcg pmsfsf kbrjgwgogo cgrf huhus huh us afcrmisfj  pgcg dfodfo kbozbog.

       

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[ulus iflfg> D0 A2 O M 4 Sftfi jbkur> 774 afohhg 773 µD (;42 afohhg ;48 µ@9 410 afohhg 418 I) Sftfi cfcfa> ;86 µD (243 µ@9 22; I) Ibjgrutgo cgjgl gfr> 75 h/J (72 µD), 77,0 h/J (;5 µD), 70 h/J (;2 µD) Ibdugjf nfig cfoygtgigo jgfo, cgtg cfkbrfigo uotui kgago cgjgl ibgcggo stgocgroyg (pgcg ;2 µD Y88 µ@\.

 

  KGK FF AGTFJ U[GISFIRL

G. AGTFJ U[GSFIRL

 

KGK FP UBLKGAGTGO

Ugcg prgitfiul igjf fof lbohhuogigo sglpbj 3-Oftrm`bomj. 3-Oftrm`bomj lbouonuiigo cug  cug   pmjflmr`   c  c gjgl gjgl ibgcggo irfstgj. Kbotui gj`g gcgjga pfjgr tfcgi kbrwgrog, tfcgi stgkfj pgcg suau iglgr, cgo stgkfj tbragcgp sfogr lgtgagrf. Kbotui kbtg gcgjga pfjgr iuofoh, stgkfj pgcg suau iglgr, cgo sbdgrg kbrtgagp kbrukga lbongcf lbrga pgcg pboyfogrgo sfogr lgtgagrf.3-Oftrm`bomj lgtgagrf.3-Oftrm`bomj cgpgt cfhuogigo sbkghgf focfigtmr pA . Jgrutgo 3-oftrm`bomj 3 -oftrm`bomj tglpgi tfcgi kbrwgrog cf kgwga pA 2,3 cgo kbrwgrog iuofoh cf gtgs pA 8,2. Tf`gt pbrukgago wgrog fof lblkugt sboygwg fof kbrhuog sbkghgf focfigtmr pA. 3-Oftrm`bomj gcgjga zgt gotgrg cgjgl sfotbsfs pgrgsbtglmj . Fof cfrbcuisf lbongcf 3-glfom`bomj , iblucfgo cfgsbtfjgsf cbohgo goafcrfcg gsbtgt . 3-Oftrmpabomj cfhuogigo sbkghgf prbiursmr uotui pbrsfgpgo Uabobtfcfob cgo gdbtmpabobtfcfob , focfigtmr, cgo kgago kgiu uotui `uohfsfcg. Kfmgiulujgsf sboygwg fof ngrgoh tbrngcf. Cgjgl sfotbsfs pbptfcg , turuogo bstbr igrkmisfjgt cgrf 3-oftrm`bomj cgpgt kbr`uohsf sbkghgf imlpmobo gitf` uotui imostruisf huhus glfcg . Cf jgkmrgtmrful, cfhuogigo uotui lbocbtbisf gcgoyg gitfvftgs gjigjf `ms`gtgsb cbohgo afcrmjfsfs UOUU . Ugcg imocfsf kgsg, gcgoyg bozfl afcrmjftfi gigo lbohukga kbngog rbgisf lbongcf iuofoh. 3-Oftrm`bomj gcgjga prmcui pblkbjgago bozflgtfi cgrf kbkbrgpg sukstrgt sfotbtfs sbpbrtf 3-oftrm`bofj `ms`gt (cfhuogigo sbkghgf sukstrgt uotui gjigjf `ms`gtgsb ), 3-oftrm`bofj gsbtgt (uotui igrkmogt goafcrgsb ), 3-oftrm`bofj-λ 3-oftrm`bofj-λ- C-hjuimpfrgomsfcg cgo turuogo hujg jgfooyg ygoh cfhuogigo uotui lbohunf kbrkghgf bozfl hjfimsfcgsb . Nuljga 3-oftrm`bomj ygoh cfagsfjigo mjba bozfl tbrtbotu cbohgo gcgoyg sukstrgt ygoh sbsugf cgpgt cfuiur cbohgo spbitrm`mtmlbtbr pgcg gtgu sbiftgr 352 ol cgo cfhuogigo sbkghgf pbohuiurgo prmisf uotui nuljga gitfvftgs bozfl cgjgl sglpbj. Ubohuiurgo gitfvftgs bozfl ygoh giurgt gi urgt lbosygrgtigo kgawg prmcui 3-oftrm`bomj sbpbouaoyg tbrcbprmtmogsf, ygoh gcg sbkghgf 3-oftrm`bomjgt, lbohfohgt gksmrkgosf 3-oftrm`bomj ygoh jblga pgcg 352 ol. Fmofsgsf jbohigp huhus `uohsf gjimamj lblpbohgruaf imonuhgsf figtgo  pf pgcg pgc g sboygwg. Tbpgsgoh bjbitrmo kbkgs cgrf misfhbo m isfhbo cgpgt c gpgt tbrcbjmigjfsgsf lbjgjuf imonuhg imonuhgsf sf ib dfodfo kbozbog cgo huhus oftrm. Igrbog pgongoh sfstbl tbrimonuhgsf lblpbohgruaf wgrog sboygwg mrhgofi, pbrukgago fmofsgsf fof lboybkgkigo 3-oftrm`bomj lbongcf iuofoh ibtfig tbrcbprmtmogsf pboua cgo gcg sbkghgf 3-oftrm`bomjgt. 3 -oftrm`bomjgt. Ibsgjgago ulul cgjgl lbohuiur gitfvftgs bozfl lbohhuogigo sukstrgt fof gcgjga lbjgiuigo pbohunfgo pgcg pA obtrgj gtgu gsgl tgopg lblpbrtflkgohigo kgawg agoyg sbkghfgo cgrf prmcui irmlm`mr ygoh tbrfmofsgsf. Lgsgjga tbrsbkut cgpgt cfgtgsf cbohgo lbohabotfigo rbgisf cbohgo ogtrful afcrmisfcg (OgMA) gtgu kgsg iugt jgfooyg, ygoh lbohukga sblug prmcui lbongcf 3-oftrm`bomisfcg9 pA giafr agrus ? dg. 6.; uotui lblgstfigo jbkfa cgrf 66% prmcui tbrfmofsgsf. Gtgu gitfvftgs bozfl cgpgt cfuiur pgcg 431 ol, tftfi fsmskbstfi uotui 3-oftrm`bomj/3-oftrm`b 3 -oftrm`bomj/3-oftrm`bomisfcg. omisfcg. Cgrf cgtg hrg`fi cfgtgs tbrcgpgt pbohgrua pA ygoh cfsbkgkigo mjba pbrhbsbigo afpsmirmlfi ygoh lbrupgigo pbrhbsbigo sbrgpgo lgisflul ibgrga pgongoh hbjmlkgoh jbkfa pbocbi. Tbcgoigo gksmrkgooyg. Tbcgohigo gksmrkgooyg tbrngcf afpbrirmlfi ygoh cfsbkgkigo mjba ibogfigo fotbosftgs sbrgpgo.

 

  KGK P UBORSRUGO

G.  Ibsflpujgo Lbtmcb spbitrm`mtmlbtrf tbjga sgohgt pmpujbr uotui pbobotugo jmhgl tbtgpf kgru-kgru fof tbjga lbongcf usgoh, igrbog lblgigo wgitu cgo tfcgi lbonglfo cbohgo duiup rbocga cbtbisf kgtgs. Gjgt spbitrm`mtmlbtbr sbrgpgo gtml vgrfgo spbdtrg lbjfputf pgongoh hbjmlkgoh, jgnu gjfr, jbkgr dbjga, iugt grus, cgo tfohhf kurobr. Tpbitrm`mtmlbtbr RP-Pfs gcgjga gjgt ygoh cfhuogigo uotui lbohuiur trgoslftgosf, rb`jbitgosf cgo gksmrksf cgrf dupjfigo sbkghgf `uohsf cgrf pgongoh hbjmlkgoh. Tpbitrm`mtmlbtbr sbsugf cbohgo oglgoyg lbrupgigo gjgt ygoh tbrcfrf cgrf spbitrmlbtbr cgo `mtmlbtbr. Tpbitrm`mtmlbtbr lbohagsfjigo sfogr cgrf spbitrul cbohgo pgongoh hbjmlkgoh tbrtbotu cgo `mtmlbtbr gcgjga gjgt pbohuiur fotbosftgs dgagyg ygoh cftrgoslfsfigo gtgu ygoh cfgksmrksf. Tugtu spbitrm`mtmlbtbr tbrsusuo cgrf sulkbr spbitrul sfogr tglpgi ygoh sfoglkuoh cgo lmomirmlgtfs. Cgrf cgtg cfgtgs lbouonuigo pA 3 sglpgf pA 77. pA gsgl lbjbkfaf kgtgs rgohb RP sglpgf lgu lbocbigtf Pfsfkjb. Ugcg pA 6 sglpgf pA 77 ygftu sgohgt kgsg cgo lbohgjglf ibogfigo gksmrkgosf.

K. Cg`tgr pustgig

 

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Cg`tgr Uustgig

  Hamjfk, Fkou cgo [malgo, Gkcuj. ;574. Iflfg @grlgsf Gogjfsfs. Vmhygigrtg> Uustgig

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Ubjgngr.

  Iampigr, T. ;554. Imosbp Cgsgr Iflfg Gogjftfi. Ngigrtg> RF Urbss   Lujng A.L cgo Tuagrlgo. 7662. Gogjfsfs Fostrulbotg. Turgkgyg> Gfrjgohhg Rofvbrsfty

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Urbss.

 

 

JGSFAGO TMGJ 7.  Gpgiga pbjgrut cgpgt lblpbohgruaf agsfj pbohuiurgo cbohgo lbtmcb spbitrm`mtmlbtrf RP= Ngwgk>

Nbofs pbjgrut nuhg gigo lblpbohgruaf jbkgr pftg ygoh tglpgt pgcg spbitrul. Igrbog trgosfsf bjbitrmofi cgpgt tbrngcf cgrf suk tfohigt cgrf ibgcggo cgsgr ib suk tfohigt ibgcggo ib gcggo bisftgsf. Nfig pgcg ibgcggo trgosfsf tbrsbkut sbcfift kbrkbcg (igrbog pbohgrua pbjgrut), lgig pgongoh hbjmlkgoh gksmrksf nuhg gigo sbcfift kbrkbcg. Tbafohhg gigo lboflkujigo pftg jbkgr pgcg spbitrul ;.  Nbjgsigo tbotgoh Gusmirml cgo Irmlm`mr! Ngwgk>

Gusmirml lbrupgigo huhus nboua cbohgo gcgoyg bjbdtrmo kbkgs (tfcgi tbrfigt), cflgog  nfig huhus fof kbrhgkuoh cbohgo irmlm`mr gigo lblpbohgruaf pgongoh hbjmlkgoh cgo fotbosftgs gksmrkgo. 7.  Irmlm`mr lbrupgigo huhus tgi nboua (pgcg figtgo imvgjbo) ygoh kbrtgohhuoh.