Laporan Pendahuluan MK KDP Ppok-1

 

@C_LQCH _GHMCNW@WCH CZWNCH IG_GQC[C]CH I@BGH MGHKCH KCHKKWCH IGAW]WNCH MCZCQ LIZBKGHCZB MB QWCHK ZGIC]WHK QWDIB]C@ MQ. DBMBRC]L ZWQC]CHB ]CHEWHK_BHCHK

Mbsusuh L`gn5 [ch Grhb Euhbctb, Z.Igp

Mlsgh _gdabdabhk Hs, @bzc [ctb, Z.Igp, D.Igp

_QLKQCD Z]WMB _QLFGZB HGQZ ZGIL@CN ]BHKKB B@DW IGZGNC]CH NCHK ]WCN ]CHEWHK_BHCHK 1?1?

 

@C_LQCH _GHMCNW@WCH C. Ilhs Ilhsgp gp Mcsc Mcscrr 3. _ghkgrtbch

_ghyci _gh ycibt bt _cru _cru Lastru Lastruitb itbff Irlhbs Irlhbs (__LI) (__LI) cmc`cn cmc`cn pghyci pghycibt bt pcru pcru irlhbi ychk mcpct mbjgkcn mch mblactb._ghycibt _cru Lastruitbf Irlhbs mbtchmcb mghkch cmchyc ncdactch c`brch umcrc mbsc`urch hcpcs ychk  agrsbfct prlkrgsbf hlhrgvgrsbag` ctcu rgvgrsba`g pcrsbc`, sgrtc cmchyc rgsplhs rgsp lhs bhf`cd bhf`cdcsb csb pcru pcru tgrncmc tgrncmcp p pcrtbi pcrtbig` g` ctcu ctcu kcs ychk ychk agracn agracncyc cyc (KL@M, 1?36).Icrcitgrbstbi ncdactch c`brch umcrc pcmc _ghycibt _cru Lastruitbf Irlhbs mbsgacaich l`gn kcauhkch chtcrc lastruisb sc`urch hcpc hcpcss

igjb igjb``

(l (la ast stru ruis isbb

ar arlh lhib ibl` l`bt btbs bs))

mc mch h

ig igru rusc scic ich h

pc pcrg rghi hibd bd

(gdfbs (gd fbsgd gdc) c) yc ychk hk ag agrv rvcrb crbcs csbb pc pcmc mc sg sgtb tbcp cp bh bhmb mbvb vbmu mu.. __LI __LI sg sgrbh rbhk k dghkgh dgh kghcb cb bhmbvb bhmbvbmu mu pcmc pcmc usbc usbc pgrtgh pgrtghkcn kcnch ch ychk ychk dgdb`b dgdb`bib ib rbwcyc rbwcyctt dgrlili echkic pchechk (_M_B, 1?33). KL@M (1?36) dgheg`csich csdc tbmci tgrdcsui __LI, dgsibpuh  pcmc sgackbch rgfgrghsb dgdcsuiich csdc mc`cd ig`ldpli __LI. Csdcc dgru Csd dgrupc pcic ich h suda sudact ctch ch sc`ur sc`urch ch hc hcpc pcss yc ychk hk bh bhtgr tgrdb dbttg ttghm hmch ch dgdp dg dpuh uhyc ycbb pg pghc hchk hkch chch ch ag agra ragm gmcc mg mghk hkch ch __LI __LI.. Nb Nbpg pgrr rrgsp gsplh lhsbf  sbf   arlhjnbc` mbmgfbhbsbich sgackcb pgruacnch pgrblmbi pcmc Flrjgm Gxpbrctlry Vl`udg mc`cd wcitu 3 mgtbi (FGV3), mcpct mbtghtuich  pcmc __LI wc`cupuh abcschyc mghkch hb`cb ychk `gabn rghmcn mcrb  pcmc csdc. _gragmcch utcdc cmc`cn csdc dgrupcich lastruisb sc`urch hcpcs rgvgrsba`g, sgmchkich __LI dgrupcich lastruisb sc`urch hcpcs ychk agrsbfct pgrsbstgh ctcu pcrtbc`. __LI dgrupcich pghycibt ychk mcpct mbjgkcn mch mblactb, ychk mbtchmcb mbtchm cb mghkch mghkch ncdactch ncdactch c`brch umcrc ychk pgrsbstgh, ychk abcschyc  prlkrgsbf mch agrnuauhkch mghkch rgsplh bhf`cdcsb irlhbs pcmc sc`urch umcrc mch pcru-pcru ychk dghbhkict tgrncmcp pcrtbig` mch kcs  agracncyc. Ncdactch c`brch umcrc incs pcmc __LI mbsgacaich l`gn jcdpurch kchkkuch sc`urch umcrc igjb` mch pghknchjurch pcrghibd  pcru. Giscsgracsb mch ildlrabtcs agrilhtrbausb tgrncmcp igpcrcnch  pcsbgh sgjcrc bhmbvbmuc`.

 

1. Chctldb Chctldb mch Fbsbl`lkb Fbsbl`lkb Zbstgd Zbstgd _grhcfc _grhcfcsch sch c. Chctl Chctldb db sbstg sbstgd d pgrhcf pgrhcfcsc csch h 3) Qlhkkc Nbmuhk (Jcvud Hcsc`bs)

Wmcrc Wm crc mc mcrb rb `u `ucr cr ci cich ch dcsu dcsui i `g `gwc wctt rl rlhk hkkc kc nb nbmu muhk hk (j (jcv cvud ud hcsc`bs). Qlhkkc nbmuhk agr`cpbs sg`cput `ghmbr, mb mc`cdhyc tgrm tgrmcp cpct ct ig ig`g `ghe hecr cr dbhy dbhyci ci (i (ig` g`gh ghec ecrr sgacsg sgacsgc) c) mc mch h ig ig`g `ghe hecr  cr  ig igrb rbhk hkct ct

(i (ig`g g`ghe hecr cr

su suml mlrb rbfgr fgrc) c)..

Zg Zg`c `cpu putt

`g `ghm hmbr br

ag agrf rfuh uhks ksbb

dghchkicp aghmc csbhk ychk dcsui `gwct sc`urch pgrhcpcsch. Zg Zg`c `cbh bh bt btu, u, tgrm tgrmcp cpct ct eukc eukc rc rcda daut ut pg pghm hmgi gi mc mch h tg tgac ac`` yc ychk hk  agrfuhksb dghycrbhk pcrtbig` iltlrch ychk dcsui agrscdc umcrc. Eukc tgrmcpct ilhic ychk dgdpuhycb achyci icpb`gr  mcrcn ychk agrfuhksb dghknchkctich umcrc ychk dcsui.

1) Fcrbhk (]ghkklrlich)

Wmcrc mcrb rlhkkc nbmuhk dcsui ig fcrbhk. Fcrbhk dgrupcich  pgrjcachkch 1 sc`urch, ycbtu sc`urch pgrhcpcsch (hcslfcrbhks)  pcmc ackbch mgpch mch sc`urch pghjgrhcch (lrlfcrbhks) pcmc  ackbch ag`cichk. _cmc ackbch ag`cichk fcrbhk (plstgrblr) tgrm tgrmcp cpct ct `crbh `crbhk k (t (tgi gici ci)) tg tgdp dpct ct tg tgr`g r`gtc tcih ihyc yc pb pbtc tc sucr sucrcc (p (pbt btcc vljc`bs). vljc` bs). Dcsuihyc Dcsuihyc umcrc dg`c`ub fcrbhk cich dghygacaic dghygacaich h  pbtc sucrc agrkgtcr mch tgrmghkcr sgackcb sucrc. Dcich scdab`  agrabjcrc mcpct dghkcibactich dcichch dcsui ig sc`urch  pgrhcpcsch icrghc sc`urch pgrhcpcsch pcmc scct tgrsgaut sgmchk tgrauic. [c`cupuh mgdbibch, scrcf ibtc cich dghkctur 

 

ckcr pgrbstbwc dghg`ch, agrhcpcs, mch agrabjcrc tbmci tgrecmb  agrscdcch sgnbhkkc dghkcibactich kchkkuch igsgnctch. igsgnctch. :) ]ghkklrlich (]rcigc)

]ghkklrlich agrupc pbpc ychk pchechkhyc ³ 3? jd, tgr`gtci  sgackbch mb `gngr mch sgackbch mb rlhkkc mcmc (tlrci). Mbhmbhk tghkkl tgh kklrli rlich ch tbpbs tbpbs mch iciu, iciu, mbig`b mbig`b`bh `bhkb kb l`gn l`gn jbhjbh jbhjbh tu`chk tu`chk rcwch, mch pcmc ackbch mc`cd rlhkkc agrsb`bc. Zb`bc-sb`bc bhb  agrfuhksb dghycrbhk aghmc-aghmc csbhk ychk dcsui ig sc`urch  pgrhcpcsch. =) Jcachk-jcachk ]ghkklrlich (Arlhib)

]ghkkl ]gh kklrli rlich ch (trcigc (trcigc)) agrjca agrjcachk chk dghecm dghecmbb mu mucc ackbch ackbch,, ycbtu ycbtu  arlhius ichch mch arlhius ibrb. Ztruitur `cpbsch duilsc  arlhius scdc mghkch trcigc, nchyc tu`chk rcwch arlhius  aghtuihyc tbmci tgrctur mch pcmc ackbch arlhius ychk `gabn  agscr jbhjbh tu`chk rcwchhyc dg`bhkicrb `udgh mghkch sgdpurhc. Arlhius agrjcachk-jcachk `ckb dghecmb arlhibl`us.

7) _cru-pcru

Dgrupcich sgaucn c`ct tuaun ychk sgackbch agscr tgrmbrb mcrb kg`g kg`gd dauhk auhk-k -kg` g`gd gda auhk uhk

(k (kg` g`gd gda auh uhk k

nc ncwc wc

4

c` c`v vgl gl`b `b). ).

Kg`gdauhk-kg`gdauhk c`vgl`b bhb tgrmbrb mcrb sg`-sg` gpbtg` mch ghmltg`. Ebic mbaghtchkich `ucs pgrduicchhyc `gabn iurchk 2? d1 pcmc `cpbsch bhb`cn tgrecmb pgrtuicrch umcrc, L 1  dcsui ig mc mc`c `cd d mc mcrc rcn n mc mch h J? J?1 1 mb mbig ig`u `ucri crich ch mc mcrb rb mc mcrc rcn. n. Achy Achyci cihy hycc

 

kg`gdauhk pcru-pcru bhb iurchk `gabn ;??.???.??? aucn (pcru pcru ibrb mch ichch). _gdackbch pcru-pcru9 pcru-pcru mbackb 1 (muc) 5 c)

_cru _cru-p -pcr cru u ichch, ichch, tgrmb tgrmbrb rb mcrb mcrb : `l `lau auss (a (ag` g`cn cn pcru) pcru),, @laus @laus _u`dl mgistrc supgrblr, @laus dgmbc, mch `laus bhfgrblr. ]bcp `laus tgrsusuh l`gn `lau`us.

 a)

_cru-pcru ibrb, tgrmbrb mcrb9 _u`dl sbhgstgr `laus supgrblr  mch `laus bhfgrblr. ]bcp-tbcp `laus tgrmbrb mcrb ag`cnch ag`cnch ychk `gabn igjb` agrhcdc sgkdght.

_cru-p _cr u-pcru cru ibrb ibrb dgdpuh dgdpuhycb ycb 3? sgkdgh sgkdgh ycbtu9 ycbtu9 7 (`bdc) (`bdc) aucn aucn sgkdghtt pcmc `laus supgrblr, sgkdgh supgrblr, mch 7 (`bdc) aucn sgkdght pcmc bhfgrblr. _cru-pcru ichch dgdpuhycb 3? sgkdgh ycbtu97 (`bdc)  aucn sgkdgh pcmc `laus supgrblr9 1 (muc) aucn sgkdgh pcmc `laus dgmbc`bs, mch : (tbkc) aucn sgkdgh pcmc `laus bhfgrblr. ]bcp-tb ]bc p-tbcp cp sgkdgh sgkdgh bhb dcsbn dcsbn tgrackb tgrackb `ckb `ckb dghecm dghecmbb ag`cnc ag`cnchh ag`cnch ychk agrhcdc `lau`us. Mbch Mbchtcr tcrcc `l `lau au`u `uss sctu sctu mg mghk hkch ch yc ychk hk `c `cbh bhhy hycc mb mbac actc tcsb sb l` l`gn gn  ecrbhkch bic` ychk agrbsb pgdau`un-pgdau`un mcrcn kgtcn  aghbhk mch scrcf-scrcf, scrc f-scrcf, mc`cd tbcp-tbcp `lau`us tgrmcpct sgaucn sg aucn  arlhibl`us. Mb mc`cd `lau`us, arlhibl`us bhb agrjcachk-jcachk  achyci sgic`b, jcachk-jcachk bhb mbsgaut muitus c`vgl`us. ]bcp ]bcp-t -tbc bcp p muit muitus us c`vg c`vgl` l`us us ag agrc rcin inbr br pc pcmc mc c` c`vg vgl` l`us us yc ychk hk mbcdgtgrhyc chtcrc ?,1 ‚ ?,: dd.

 

Icpcsbtcs Icpcsb tcs pcru-pcru. pcru-pcru. Dgrupcich Dgrupcich igschkkupch igschkkupch pcru-pcru pcru-pcru mc`cd mc` cd dghcdp dghcdpuhk uhk umcrc umcrc mbmc`c mbmc`cdhy dhyc. c. Icpcsb Icpcsbtcs tcs pcru-p pcru-pcru cru mcpct mbagmcich sgackcb agrbiut 5 c)

Icpc Icpcsbt sbtcs cs tltc` tltc`.. Rcbt Rcbtu u eu eud` d`cn cn umcrc umcrc ychk ychk mcpct mcpct dghkbs dghkbsbb  pcru-pcru pcmc bhspbrcsb sgmc`cd-mc`cdhyc. sgmc`cd- mc`cdhyc. Mc`cd nc` bhb ch chki kicc yc ychk hk ibtc ibtc mc mcpc pctt tg tgrk rkch chtu tuhk hk pc pcmc mc ag agag agrc rcpc pc nc nc`5 `5 Ilhmbsb pcru-pcru, udur, sbicp mch aghtui sgsglrchk, sg sglrchk,

 a)

Icpcsbtcs

vbtc`.

Rcbtu

eud`cn

umcrc

ychk

mcpct

mbig`ucrich mbig`u crich sgtg`cn gispbrcsb gispbrcsb dcisbdc.` dcisbdc.` Mc`cd igcmcch ychk ych k hlrdc` hlrdc` igmuc igmuc pcru-p pcru-pcru cru mcpct mcpct dghcdp dghcdpuhk uhk umcrc umcrc sgachyci ³ 7 `btgr  j)

[cit [citu u gispbr gispbrcsb csb.. Mb mc mc`c `cd d pcru-p pcru-pcr cru u dcsbn dcsbn tgrtbh tgrtbhkk kkc` c` : `btgr umcrc. _cmc wcitu ibtc agrhcpcs abcsc umcrc ychk dcsui ig mc`cd pcru-pcru 1.6?? jd: (1 3/1 `btgr)

m) Eu Eud` d`cn cn pgrhc pgrhcpc pcsch sch.. Mc`c Mc`cd d ig igcm cmcc cch h yc ychk hk hlrdc hlrdc`5 `5 Lrchk Lrchk mgwc mgwcsc sc55 36 ‚ 3> x/ x/dg dghb hbt, t, Chci Chci-c -chc hci i ib ibrc rc-i -ibr brcc 5 1= x/dg x/dghb hbt, t, Acyb Acyb ibrc ibrc-i -ibrc brc 5 :? x/ x/dg dghb hbt, t, Mc`c Mc`cd d ig igcm cmcc cch h tgrtghtu igcmcch tgrsgaut cich agruacn, dbsc`hyc cibact mcrb suctu pghycibt, pgrhcfcsch absc agrtcdacn jgpct mch sgac`bihyc. Agagrcpc nc` ychk agrnuauhkch mghkch pgrhcpcsch9 aghtui  dghkngdausich hcpcs mghkch tbac-tbac ychk igiuctchhyc `ucr 

 

 abcsc, cibact mcrb sc`cn sctu rchkschkch acbi ychk agrcsc` mcrb `ucrr acnch-a `uc acnch-acnc cnch h ibdbc ibdbc ychk ychk dgrchk dgrchksch schk k sg`cpu sg`cputt `ghmbr `ghmbr mb  ec`ch pgrhcpcsch. Agrsbh. _ghkg`ucrch hcpcs mghkch tbac-tbac mcrb tgrchkschkhyc sg`cput `ghmbr nbmuhk, mc`cd nc` bhb umcrc ig`ucr mcrb nbmuhk mch du`ut. a. Fbsb Fbsbl` l`lk lkbb pgrhc pgrhcfc fcsc sch h

_grhcfcsch cmc`cn prlsgs bhspbrcsb umcrc igmc`cd pcru-pcru mc mch h gi gisp spbr brcsb csb um umcrc crc mc mcrb rb pc pcru rupc pcru ru ig ig`b `bhk hkiu iuhk hkch ch `u `ucr cr tu tuau aun. n. Bhspbrcsb tgrecmb ab`c dusiu`us mbcfrckdc tg`cn mcpct rchkschkch mcrb hgrvus pgrhbius `c`u dghkigrut mctcr. Zcct gispbrcsb ltlt cich ig ighm hmlr lr `ckb `ckb mc mch h mg mghk hkch ch mg mgdb dbib ibch ch rl rlhk hkkc kc mc mcmc mc dghe dghecm cmbb ig igjb` jb` igdac`b dcic umcrc mbmlrlhk ig`ucr. Ecmb prlsgs rgspbrcsb tgrecmb icrghc cmchyc pgragmcch tgichch chtcrc rlhkkc p`gurc mch pcru pcru. Fuhksb pcru ‚ pcru cmc`cn sgackcb tgdpct pgrtuicrch kcs lisbkgh mch icralh mblisbmc. _cmc pgrhcpcsch dg`c`ub pcru-pcru ctcu pgrhcpcsch gistgrhc, lisbkgh mbpuhkut mbpuhkut dg`c`ub dg`c`ub nbmuhk nbmuhk mch du`ut du` ut pcmc pcmc wcitu wcitu agrhcp agrhcpcs9 cs9 li lisbk sbkgh gh dcsui dcsui dg`c`u dg`c`ubb trcigc trcigc mch  pbpc arlhibc` ig c`vgl`b, mch mcpct agrnuauhkch grct mghkch mcrcn mb mc`cd icpb`gr pu`dlhcrbs. Lisbkgh dghgdaus dgdarch bhb mch mbpuhkut l`gn ngdlk`labh sg` mcrcn dgrcn mch mbacwc ig echtuhk. Mcrb sbhb mbpldpc mb mc`cd crtgrb ig sgduc ackbch tuaun. Mcrcn dghbhkkc`ich pcru ‚ pcru pcmc tgichch lisbkgh 3?? dd Nk mch  pcmc tbhkict bhb ngdlk`labhhyc 27 pgrsgh eghun lisbkgh. Mb mc`cd  pcru-pcru, icralh mblisbmc, sc`cn sctu ncsb` auchkch dgtcal`bsdg, dghgdaus dghgd aus dgdarch c`vgl`gr-icp c`vgl`gr-icpb`gr b`gr mcrb icpb`gr icpb`gr mcrcn ig c`vgl`b c`vgl`b mch sgtg`cn dg`c`ub pbpc arlhibc` mch trcigc, mbhcpcsich ig`ucr  dg`c`ub nbmuhk mch du`ut. Gdpc Gd pctt pr prls lsgs gs yc ychk hk ag agrn rnua uauh uhkc kch h mg mghk hkch ch pg pgrh rhcp cpcsc csch h  pu`dlhgr ctcu pgrhcpcsch gistgrhc 5 3) Vghtb`csb Vghtb`csb pu`dlhgr pu`dlhgr,, ctcu kgrci kgrci pgrhcpc pgrhcpcsch sch ychk ychk dghuicr dghuicr umcrc umcrc mc`cd c`vgl`b mghkch umcrc `ucr. Crus mcrcn dg`c`ub pcru ‚ 

 

 pcru. Mbstrbausb crus c rus umcrc mch crus mcrcn sgmgdbibch s gmgdbibch sgnbhkkc mc`cd eud`cn tgpct mcpct dghjcpcb sgduc ackbch tuaun. 1) Mb Mbfu fusb sb kc kcss yc ychk hk dghg dghgda daus usbb dgda dgdarc rch h pg pgdb dbscn scn c`vgl` c`vgl`bb mc mch h icpb`gr. JL1 `gabn dumcn agrmbfusb mcrbpcmc lisbkgh. :) _gfu _gfusb sb,, yc ycbt btu u pg pgrh rhcp cpcsc csch h ec ecrb rbhk hkch ch ctcu ctcu pg pgrh rhcp cpcsc csch h bh bhtg tgrh rhc. c. Mcrcn ychk tg`cn dgheghunich ngdlk`labhhyc mghkch lisbkgh (l (lis isbn bngd gdlk lk`l `lab abh) h) dgkb dgkbht htcr crbb sg sg`u `uru run n tu tuau aun n mc mch h ci cinb nbrh rhyc yc dghjcpcb icpb`gr, mb dchc mcrcn agrkgrci schkct `cdact. Zg`  ecrbhkch

dgduhkut

lisbkgh

mcrb

ngdlk`labh

uhtui 

dgduhk dgd uhkibh ibhich ich lisbkg lisbkgh h agr`ch agr`chksu ksuhk, hk, mch mcrcn mcrcn dghgrbd dghgrbdc, c, sgackcb kchtbhyc, ycbtu icralh mblisbmc. Zgdu Zgducc pr prls lsgs gs bh bhbb mbct mbctur ur sgmgd sgmgdbi bibch bch sgnbh sgnbhkk kkcc mc mcrc rcn n yc ychk hk dghbhkkc`ich pcru-pcru dghgrbdc eud`cn tgpct JL1 mch L1. _cmc wcitu wci tu kgrci kgrci acmch, acmch, `gabn achyci achyci mcrcn mcrcn mctchk mctchk mb pcru pcru ‚ pcru pcru dgdacwc tgr`c`u achyci JL1 mch tgr`cdpcu sgmbibt L19 eud`cn JL1 btu tbmci mcpct mbig`ucrich, dcic ilhsghtrcsbhyc mc`cd mcrcn crtgrb agrtcdacn. Nc` bhb dgrchkschk pusct pgrhcpcsch mc`cd ltci  uhut uhuti i

dgdp dgdpgr grag agsc scrr

igjg igjgpc pctc tch h

mc mch h

mc mc`c `cdh dhyc yc

pg pgrh rhcp cpcs csch ch..

_ghcdacnch vghtb`csb bhb dhkg`ucrich JL1 mch dgduhkut `gabn  achyci L1. _gruacnch ‚ pgruacnch agrbiut tgrecmb pcmc ildplsbsb umcrc umc rc mc`cd mc`cd c`vgl` c`vgl`b, b, ychk ychk mbsgac mbsgacaic aich h pgrhcp pgrhcpcsch csch gistgr gistgrhc hc mch  pgrhcpcsch bhtgrhc ctcu pgrhcpcsch ecrbkch. Wmcrc (ctdlsfgr) ychk mb nbrup5 - Hbtrlkgh ;2 % - Lisbkgh 1?% % - Icralh mblisbmc ?-?,=% Wmcrc Wm crc yc ychk hk dcsu dcsui i c`vg c`vgl` l`bb dgdp dgdpuh uhyc ycbb sunu sunu mc mch h ig ig`g `gda dacp cpch ch ctdlsfgr Wmcrc ychk mbgdausich5 - Hbtrlkgh ;2% - Lisbkgh 36% - Icralh mblisbmc =-?,=%

 

:. _ctlfbsbl _ctlfbsbl`lkb `lkb ([ga ([ga lf Jcusc Jcusctblh tblh / _ctnw _ctnwcy) cy) mcrb mcrb _ghycib _ghycibtt

Bhf`cdcsb Bhf`cd csb sc`urch hcpcs pcsbgh __LI dgrupcich cdp`bfbicsb cdp`bfbicsb mcrb rgspl rgs plh h bh bhf`c f`cdc dcsb sb hl hlrd rdc` c` ci ciba bact ct brbtc brbtcsb sb ir irlh lhbs bs sgpgr sgpgrtb tb cs cscp cp rl rlil ili. i. Dgichb Dgi chbsdg sdg uhtui uhtui cdp`bf cdp`bfbic bicsb sb bhb ag`ud ag`ud mbdghk mbdghkgrtb grtb,, igduhk igduhkibh ibhch ch mbsgacaich mbsgac aich fcitlr kghgtbi. kghgtbi. Agagrcpc Agagrcpc pcsbgh dghmgrbtc dghmgrbtc __LI tchpc dgrlili, rgsplh bhf`cdcsb pcmc pcsbgh bhb ag`ud mbigtcnub.Bhf`cdcsb  pcru mbpgragrct l`gn strgs lisbmctbf mch ig`gabnch prltgbhcsg. Zgduc dgichb dgi chbsdg sdg bhb dghkcr dghkcrcn cn pcmc pcmc icrcit icrcitgrbs grbstbi tbi pgruac pgruacnch nch pctl`l pctl`lkbs kbs __LI. Zg` bhf`cdcsb __LI mbtchmcb mghkch pl`c tgrtghtu pgrcmchkch ychk dg`bactich hgutrlfb`, dcirlfck, mch `bdflsbt. Zg`-sg` bhb dg`gpcsich dgmbctlr dgmbct lr bhf`cdcsb bhf`cdcsb mch agrbhtgrcisb agrbhtgrcisb mghkch mghkch sg`-sg` struiturc` struiturc` mc`cd sc`urch hcpcs mch pcrghibd pcru-pcru. Ztrgs lisbmctbf mcpct dghecmb dgichbsdg pghkuctch pghtbhk mc`cd __LI. Abldcrigr strgs lisbmctbf (dbsc`hyc, pgrlisbmc nbmrlkgh, >bslprlstch) dghbhkict mc`cd mcnci, ilhmghsct ngdausch hcpcs mch sbriu`c sbri u`csb sb sbstgdb sbstgdbi i pcmc pcmc pcsbgh pcsbgh __LI. __LI.Ztr Ztrgs gs li lisbm sbmctbf ctbf `gabn `gabn `cheut `cheut dghbhkict pcmc giscsgracsb. Lisbmch ychk mbncsb`ich l`gn cscp rlili  mc mch h pc pcrt rtbi biu` u`ct ct yc ychk hk mbnb mbnbru rup p `c `cbh bhhy hycc yc ychk hk mb mb`g `gpc pcsi sich ch mc mcrb rb sg`-sg sg`-sg`` bhf`cdcsb (sgpgrtb dcirlfck mch hgutrlpnb`) mbcitbfich. Duhkibh eukc cmc pghuruhch chtblisbmch ghmlkgh pcmc pcsbgh __LI.Ztrgs lisbmctbf  dgdb`b dgd b`bib ib agagrc agagrcpc pc ilhsgi ilhsgiugh ughsb sb ychk ychk dgrukb dgrukbich ich mb pcru, pcru, tgrdcsui  tgrdcsui  citbvc cit bvcsb sb kgh bhf`cd bhf`cdcsb, csb, bhcitb bhcitbvcs vcsbb chtbpr chtbprltg ltgcsgs csgs,, stbdu`c stbdu`csb sb sgirgsb sgirgsb `ghmbr, mch stbdu`csb gisumcsb p`csdc dghbhkict. _gruac _gr uacnch nch pctl`l pctl`lkbs kbs icrcit icrcitgrbs grbstbi tbi __LI __LI mbtgdu mbtgduich ich mb sc`urc sc`urch h hc hcpc pcss pr prli lisbd sbdc` c`,, sc`ur sc`urch ch hc hcpc pcss pg pgrb rbfg fgr, r, pc pcrgh rghib ibd d mc mch h vc vcsju sju`c `cr  r   pcru._gruacnch pctl`lkbs cibact bhf`cdcsb irlhbs tgrecmb icrghc  pghbhkictch sg` bhf`cdcsb irlhbs mb agrackcb ackbch pcru ychk dghbdau`ich igruscich mch pgruacnch struiturc` cibact jgmgrc mch  pgracbich agru`chk. Zgjcrc udud, pgruacnch bhf`cdcsb mch struiturc` sc`urch hcpcs cich tgtcp agr`chksuhk sgsucb mghkch agrcthyc pghycibt wc`cupuh sumcn agrnghtb dgrlili.

 

]bhkict pgrcmchkch, fbarlsbs, mch gisumct `udbhc` mc`cd sc`urch umcrc igjb` agrilrg`csb mghkch pghuruhch FGV 3 mch rcsbl FGV 3 /FVJ._ /FV J._ghu ghuruh ruhch ch FGV 3 dgrupc dgrupcich ich kgec`c kgec`c ychk ychk incs incs pcmc pcmc __LI, __LI, lastruisb ec`ch hcpcs pgrbfgr bhb dghygacaich umcrc tgrpgrchkicp mch dghkcibactich nbpgrbhf`csb.Nbpgrbhf`csb dghkurchkb icpcsbtcs bhspbrcsb sgpgrtb pghbhkictch icpcsbtcs rgsbmuc` fuhksblhc`, inusushyc sg`cdc `ctbnch (ig`cbhch bhb mbighc` sgackcb nbpgrbhf`csb mbhcdbs), ychk tgr`bnct sgackcb mysphgc mch igtgractcsch icpcsbtcs `ctbnch.Nbpgrbhf`csb ychk  agrigdachk pcmc cwc` pghycibt dgrupcich dgichbsdg utcdc tbdau`hyc mysphgc pcmc citbvbtcs. ]bhkict igpcrcnch gdfbsgdc agrilrg`csb mghkch _L 1 crtgrb mch tchmc `cbh mcrb igtbmcisgbdachkch vghtb`csb-pgrfusb (VC/S). Lastruisb  ec`ch hcpcs pgrbfgr eukc dghkncsb`ich igtbmcisgbdachkch VC/S, mch  pghkkcauhkch mghkch kchkkuch fuhksb ltlt vghtb`csb pcmc pghycibt ychk ych k sumcn sumcn pcrcn pcrcn cich cich dghkur dghkurchk chkbb vghtb` vghtb`csb, csb, ychk ychk dghyga dghygacai caich ch rgtg rgtghs hsbb icra icralh lh mbli mblisb sbmc mc.. Ig`c Ig`cbh bhch ch pc pcmc mc vg vght htb` b`cs csbb c` c`vg vgl` l`cr cr mc mch h  agriurchkhyc pgdau`un mcrcn pcru cich `gabn dgdpgraurui ig`cbhch VC/S. Nbpgrsgirgsb `ghmgr, ychk dghkcibactich actui prlmuitbf irlhbs, cmc`cn kcdacrch mcrb arlhibtbs irlhbs tbmci sg`c`u mbicbtich mghkch igtgra igt gractc ctcsch sch c`b c`brch rch umcrc. umcrc.Zga Zgac`b c`bihy ihyc, c, tbmci tbmci sgduc sgduc pcsbgh pcsbgh mghkch mghkch __LI dgdb`bib kgec`c nbpgrsgirgsb `ghmbr. Nc` bhb mbsgacaich icrghc dgtc dg tcp` p`cs csbc bc duil duilsc sc ychk ychk dghb dghbhk hkic icti tich ch eu eud` d`cn cn sg sg`` kl kla` a`gt gt mc mch h dgdags dgd agscrh crhyc yc ig`ghe ig`ghecr cr suadui suaduilsc lsc sgackc sgackcbb rgsplh rgsplhss tgrncm tgrncmcp cp brbtcsb brbtcsb irlhbs sc`urch hcpcs l`gn cscp rlili ctcu ckgh agracncyc `cbhhyc. Agagrc Aga grcpc pc dgmbct dgmbctlr lr mch prltgc prltgcsg sg dgrchk dgrchksch schk k nbpgrsg nbpgrsgirg irgsb sb `ghmbr  `ghmbr  dg`c`ub citbvcsb rgsgptlr fcitlr GKFQ. Icigis Ici gisbc bc ududhy ududhycc tgr`bnc tgr`bnctt pcmc pcmc pcsbgh pcsbgh mghkch mghkch __LI __LI agrct. agrct. Mbsga Mbsgaca caic ich h ic icrg rghc hc nb`c nb`chk hkhy hycc dcssc dcssc lt ltlt lt rc rchk hkic ic mc mch h ig ig`g `gdc dcnc nch h sg sgac ackc kcbb ci ciba bact ct mcrb mcrb cp cplp lptl tlsb sbsy sych chk k dghb dghbhk hkic ictt mc mch h / ct ctcu cu tbmc tbmci  i  mbkuhcichhyc ltlt-ltlt tgrsgaut._csbgh mghkch __LI eukc dghkc`cdb  pghbhkictch prlsgs lstglplrlsbs, mgprgsb mch chgdbc irlhbs.

 

=. Kchkkuch Kchkkuch / Dcsc`cn Dcsc`cn Igautunc Igautunch h Mcscr Mcscr Dchusbc Dchusbc

Mcrb Mc rb eu eumu mu`` mb ctcs ctcs dcic dcic dcsc dcsc`c `cn n ig igau autu tunc nch h mc mcscr scr dchu dchusb sbcc yc ychk hk tgrkchkku 5 Ilhsgp pgdghunch igautunch lisbkghcsb. c. _ghkgr _ghkgrtbc tbch h igautu igautunch nch lisbkg lisbkghcs hcsbb Dgru Dg rupc pcic ich h ig igau autu tunc nch h mc mcsc scrr dchu dchusbc sbc yc ychk hk mb mbku kuhc hcic ich h uh uhtu tui  i  ig`ch chk ksuhkch

dgtcal`bsd

sg sg``

tuaun

dgdp gdpgrtc tcn nchich

ig ig`ch `chks ksuh uhkc kch h nbmu nbmup p mc mch h ci citb tbvb vbtcs tcs ag agra rack ckcb cb sg` lr lrkc kch h mc mc`c `cd d ignbmupch sgncrb-ncrb. ]ueuch ]ueu ch mcrb pghkcturch pgrhcfcsch pgrhcfcsch cmc`cn sup`cb igautunch L1 tgrp tgrpgh ghun unbb uh uhtu tui i ig igau autu tunc nch h tu tuau aun n sgncrb sgncrb-n -ncrb crb,, dbsc dbsc`h `hyc yc sc scct ct dg`ciuich `ctbnch fbsbi, bhfgisb ctcu dcsc igncdb`ch. _grhcfcsch bhb mbighmc`bich l`gn 5 3) _g _ghk hkct ctur urch ch sc scrc rcf, f, dgdp dgdpgr grtc tcnc nchi hich ch brcd brcdcc mc mch h ig igmc mc`c `cdc dch h  pgrhcfcsch sgrtc igsgbdachkch chtcrc bhspbrcsb mch gispbrcsb ychk ych k dg`bpu dg`bputb tb sbstgd sbstgd scrcf scrcf pusct, pusct, pghklh pghklhtrl trl`ch `ch frgiugh frgiughsb, sb, igmc`cdch, mch brcdc pgrhcfcsch. 1) _ghkcturch

ibdbcwb,

dgdpgrtc tcn nchich

frgiughsb

mch

ig igmc mc`cd `cdch ch pg pgrh rhcfc cfcsch sch yc ychk hk tg tgpc pctt ag agrm rmcsc cscri rich ch pg pgru ruac acnc nch h ilhsghtrcsb icralhmblisbmc, lisbkgh mch blh nymrlkgh mc`cd mcrcn.  a. Fcitlr ychk dgdpghkcrunb lisbkghcsb lisbkghcsb 3) Fbsb Fbsbl` l`l lkbs kbs Ilhm Il hmbsb bsb fb fbsbl sbl`l `lkb kbss sgsgl sgsglrch rchk k ci cich ch sc schk hkct ct dgdp dgdpgh ghkc kcru runb nb igautunch lisbkgh sgpgrtb pcmc lrchk ychk dghkc`cdb chgdbc cich dghuruhich mcrcn ychk dgdacwc lisbkgh ig sg`urun tuaun,, pghbhkictc tuaun pghbhkictch h igautunch igautunch dgtcal`bsdg dgtcal`bsdg pcmc bau ncdb`, mg mgdc dcd d sgrtc sgrtc sgsgl sgsglrch rchk k yc ychk hk dghk dghkc`c c`cdb db bh bhfg fgis isb. b. Cmch Cmchyc yc  pgruacnch ychk dgdpghkcrunb kgrcich mbhmbhk mcmc mch sbstgd scrcf pusct i`bgh mcpct dghjg dghjgkcn kcn pghuruhch mbckrcfdc mbckrcfdc mch dghuruhic dghuruhich h mbcdgtgr mbcdgtgr chtgrl-plstg chtgrl-plstgrblr rblr tnlrcis tnlrcis pcmc scct bhspbrcsb, dghuruhich vl`udg ychk mb bhspbrcsb.

 

c) Dghuru Dghuruhhy hhycc icpcsbt icpcsbtcs cs L1 sgpgr sgpgrtb tb pcmc pcmc chgdbc chgdbc  a) Dghuruhhyc ilhsghtrcsb L1 ychk mbbhspbrcsb sgpgrtb pcmc lastruisb sc`urch hcfcs ackbch ctcs. j) Nbplvl`gdbc

sgnbhkkc

tgichch

mcrcn

dghuruh

dghkcibactich trchsplrt L1 tgrkchkku. m) Dghbhk Dghbhkict icthyc hyc dgtcal` dgtcal`bsd bsd sgpgrtb sgpgrtb cmchyc cmchyc bhfgis bhfgisb, b, mgdcd, mgdcd, bau ncdb, `uic, mch `cbh-`cbh. 1) _g _gri rigd gdac achk hkch ch _rls _rlsgs gs

pgr gri igda gdach chk kch

sg sgsg sgl lrc rch hk

ci cich ch

dgdp gdpgh ghk kcr cru unb

igautunch lisbkghcsb icrghc lrkch ychk cmc mc`cd tuaun tgrus  agrigdachk sgsucb mghkch tcncp pgrigdachkchhyc, mcpct mb`b mb`bnc nctt pcmc pcmc usbc usbc acyb acyb `g `gab abn n ag agrb rbsb sbil il tg tgri righ ghcc pg pghy hyci cibt bt dgdarchg nbc`bh mbsgacaich l`gn ag`ud dcturhyc surfcitch sgnbhk sgn bhkkc kc sgdcib sgdcibh h mgwcsc mgwcsc sgsglrc sgsglrchk hk dcic dcic lrkch lrkch ychk ychk cmc mc`cd tuaun sgdcibh sgdcibh dctchk dctchk sgbrbhk sgbrbhk mghkch mghkch pgrigdachkc pgrigdachkch h sgusbchyc. c) Acyb Acyb prgdctur prgdctur 5 ychk ychk mbsgac mbsgacaic aich h iurchkhy iurchkhycc pgdagh pgdaghtui tuich ch surfcitch.  a) Acyb mch tlmm`gr 5 cmchyc rbsbil bhfgisb sc`urch pgrhcfcsch ciut. j) Mgwc Mgwcsc sc dumc dumc mch mch pg pgrt rtgh ghkc kcnc nch h 5 mb mbgt gt ychk ychk tbmc tbmci i sg sgnc nct, t, iurchk citbvbtcs, mch strgss ychk dghkcibactich pghycibt  echtuhk mch pcru-pcru. m) Mgwcsc Mgwcsc tuc 5 cmchyc cmchyc prlsgs prlsgs pghucch pghucch ychk dghkci dghkcibac bactic tich h igduhk igd uhkibh ibhch ch crtgrls crtgrlsi`g i`grls rlsbs, bs, g`cstbs g`cstbsbtc btcss dghuru dghuruh, h, mch gispchsb pcru dghuruh. :)

_grb`ciu _grb`c _gr b`ciu iu ctcu kcyc

nbmup nbmup cich dgdpgh dgdpghkcr kcrunb unb igautun igautunch ch

lisbkghcsb acbi sgjcrc `chksuhk dcupuh sgjcrc tbmci `chksuhk. Agagrcpc fcitlr ychk dgdpghkcrunb chtcrc `cbh 5

 

c) Igau Igautu tunc nch h hu hutr trbsb bsb ic icrgh rghcc pc pcmc mc sg sgsgl sglrc rchk hk yc ychk hk la lagsb gsbtc tcss  agrct cich dghkc`cdb pghuruhch gipchsb pcru mch kbzb ychk iurchk cich dghkc`cdb ig`gdcnch ltlt pgrhcfcsch.  a) @ctbnch fbsbi, cich dghbhkictich citbvbtcs dgtccal`bsdg tuaun mch igautunch lisbkgh. j) Dgrlil Dgrlili, i, mcpct mcpct dgdpgrau dgdpgraurui rui pghyci pghycibt bt crtgrb crtgrb jlrlhgr jlrlhgr mch  pgdau`un mcrcn jlrlhgr, ychk cich dghbhkictich tgichch mcrcn mcr cn mch dghuru dghuruhic hich h c`b c`brch rch mcrcn mcrcn ig pgdau` pgdau`un un mcrcn mcrcn  pgrbfgr. m) _ghk _ghkkk kkuh uhcc cch h la lact ct-la -lact ctch ch mc mch h c`iln c`ilnl` l` yc ychk hk ag agr` r`ga gabn bnch ch sgnbhkkc dgdb`bib csupch hutrbsb ychk iurchk acbi mc`cd nc` bh bhbb dci dcichch chch ych chk k icy cycc ci cich ch zct zct ags gsbb sg sgnb nbh hkk kkcc dghygacaich pghuruhch prlmuisb ngdlk`labh. g) Igjgdc Igjgdcsch sch 5 dghygaca dghygacaich ich dgtcal dgtcal`bs `bsd d dghbhkic dghbhkict. t. =) @bhk bhkiuhk iuhkch ch @bhkiuhkch cich dgdpghkcrunb igautunch lisbkghcsb, sgpgrtb ju jucj cjcc yc ychk hk mbhk mbhkbh bh ctcu ctcu pc pchc hcss (tgd (tgdpg pgrc rctu turr `bhk `bhkiu iuhk hkch ch), ), igtbhkkbch tchcn lrchk ychk agrcmc mb pgkuhuhkch (igtbhkkbch tgdp tgdpct ct mc mcrb rb pg pgrd rdui uicc cch h `c `cut ut). ). Ilhm Ilhmbsb bsb yc ychk hk `c `cdc dc tg tgrsg rsgau autt dgda dg dauc uctt

sg sgsg sglr lrch chk k

dcdp dcdpu u

uh uhtu tui i

ag agrc rcmc mcpt ptcs csbb

mg mghk hkch ch

`bhkiuhkchhyc.

j. Eg Egh hbs pgr pgrhc hcfc fcsc sch h 3) _grhcf _grhcfcsch csch bhtgrhc bhtgrhc`, `, cmc`cn prlsgs prlsgs mbdchc mbdchc tgrecm tgrecmbb pgrtui pgrtuicrch crch kcs chtcr sg` ecrbhkch mghkch jcbrch sgibtcrhyc ychk sgrbhk dg`bactich prlsgs dgtcal`bsd tuaun. 1) _grhcf _grhcfcsch csch gistgrh gistgrhc`, c`, cmc`cn cmc`cn prlsgs prlsgs mbdchc mbdchc dcsuih dcsuihyc yc lisbkgh lisbkgh mch ig`ucrhyc mcrb tuaun. m. ]bpg ]bpg igiurc igiurchkc hkch h lisbk lisbkgh gh mc`c mc`cd d tuaun tuaun Ztctu Ztctuss li lisbk sbkgh ghcsb csb tuau tuaun n mc mcpc pctt mb mbig igtc tcnu nubb mg mghk hkch ch dg`c dg`ciu iuic ich h  pgdgrbiscch Chc`bsc Kcs Mcrcn (CKM) mch lisbdgtrb.

 

3) Nbp Nbpli lisg sgdb dbcc Nbplis Nbp lisgdb gdbcc dgrupc dgrupcich ich igcmcc igcmcch h mbdchc mbdchc tgrecmb tgrecmb pghuru pghuruhch hch ilhsghtrcsb lisbkgh mc`cd mcrcn crtgrb (_cL1) ctcu scturcsb L1 crtgrb (ZcL1) mbacwcn hlrdc` (hlrdc` _cL1 >7-3?? ddNk, ZcL1 27%). _cmc igcmcch nbplisgdbc, tuaun cich dg`ciuich il ildp dpgh ghsc scsb sb

mgh ghk kch

jcrc jcrc

dgh ghbh bhki kict ctic ich h

pgr grh hcf cfcs csch ch,,

dghbhkictich strlig vl`udg, vcslmb`ctcsb pgdau`un mcrcn, mch  pghbhkictch hcmb. ]chmc mch kgcec`c nbplisgdbc mb chtcrchyc sgsci hcpcs, frgiughsb hcpcs :7 x/dghbt, hcmb jgpct, mchkic`, sgrtc sbchlsbs. 1) Nbplisbc Dgrupcich igcmcch igiurchkch lisbkgh mb ecrbhkch ctcu tbmci  cm cmgi giuc ucth thyc yc pg pgdg dghu hunc nch h ig igau autu tunc nch h li lisb sbkg kgh h sg`u sg`u`g `grr ci ciba bact ct mgfb mgfbsb sbgh ghsb sb

lisb lisbkg kgh h

ychk ychk

mb mbbh bhsp spbr brcs csbb

ct ctcu cu

dghb dghbhk hkic icth thyc yc

 pghkkuhcch lisbkgh pcmc tbhkict sg`u`gr. Nbplisbc mcpct tgrecmb sgtg`cn =-6 dghbt vghtb`csb agrnghtb splhtch. _ghygaca `cbh nbplisbc cmc`cn 5 c) Dghu Dghuru ruhh hhyc yc ngd ngdlk lk`l `lab abh h  a) Agriurchkhyc ilhsghtrcsb lisbkgh, dbsc`hyc ebic ibtc  agrcmc pcmc puhjci kuhuhk. kuhuhk. j) Igtbmc Igtbmcidc idcdpu dpuch ch ecrbhkch ecrbhkch dghkbict dghkbict lisbkgh, lisbkgh, sgpgrtb sgpgrtb pcmc igrcjuhch sbchbmc. m) Dghu Dghuru ruhh hhyc yc mbfu mbfusb sb li lisb sbkg kgh h mc mcrb rb c` c`vg vgl` l`bb ig mc mc`c `cd d mc mcrc rcn n sgpgrtb pcmc phgudlhbc. g) Dghuru Dghuruhhy hhycc pgrfusb pgrfusb ecrbhkch ecrbhkch sgpgrt sgpgrtbb pcmc syli. syli. f) Igrusc Igruscich ich ctcu ctcu kchk kchkkuc kuch h vght vghtb`c b`csb. sb. ]chmc-t ]ch mc-tchm chmcc nbplis nbplisbc bc mb chtcrch chtcrchyc yc ig`g`cn ig`g`cnch, ch, igjgdc igjgdcsch sch,, dghu dg huru ruhh hhyc yc

igdc igdcdp dpuc uch h

il ilhs hsgh ghtr trcs csb, b,

hc hcmb mb

dghb dghbhk hkic ict, t,

 pgrhcfcsch jgpct mch mc`cd, sbchlsbs, sgsci hcfcs, sgrtc j`uaabhk fbhkgr.

 

:) Kckc Kckc`` hcp hcpcs Dgru Dg rupc pci ich

igcm gcmcch cch

mb

dch chcc

tg tgre recm cmbb

ig igk kck ckc` c`ch ch

tu tua aun

dgdg dg dghu hunb nb ig igau autu tunc nch h li lisbk sbkgh gh ic icrgh rghcc pc pcsbg sbgh h ig ignb nb`c `chk hkch ch igdcdpuch vghtb`csb sgjcrc cmgiuct sgnbhkkc tgrecmb igkckc`ch  pgrtuicrch kcs icralh mblisbmc mch lisbkgh. Kckc` hcpcs mbtchm mbt chmcb cb l`gn l`gn cmchyc cmchyc pghbhk pghbhkict ictch ch JL1 mch pghuru pghuruhch hch L1 mc`cd mcrcn sgjcrc sbkhbfbich. Kckc` hcfcs mcpct mbsgacaich l`gn l`g n kchkku kchkkuch ch sbstgd sbstgd scrcf scrcf pusct pusct ychk ychk dghkl dghklhtr htrl` l` sbstgd sbstgd  pgrhcpcsch,

ig`gdcnch

hgurldusju`cr,

igrcjuhch

lact,

kc kchk hkku kuch ch dgtc dgtcal al`b `bsd sdg, g, ig ig`g `gdc dcnc nch h lt ltlt lt pg pgrh rhcp cpcs csch ch,, mc mch h lastruisb ec`ch hcpcs. =) _gru _gruac acnc nch h pl` pl`cc hcp hcpcs cs _cmc igcmcch hlrdc`, frgiughsb pgrhcpcsch pcmc lrchk mgwcsc sgibtcr sgi btcr 3>-11 3>-11 x/dghb x/dghbt, t, mghkch mghkch brcdc brcdc tgrctu tgrctur, r, sgrtc sgrtc bhspbr bhspbrcsb csb `gab `gabn n pc pche hech chk k mc mcrb rb gi gisp spbr brcsb csb.. _g _gru ruac acnc nch h pl pl`c `c hc hcpc pcss mcpc mcpctt  agrupc 5 c) Mb Mbsp sphg hgc, c, yc ycbt btu u ig igsu su`b `btc tch h ag agrh rhcp cpcs, cs, dbsc` dbsc`hy hycc pc pcmc mc pc pcsb sbgh gh mghkch csdc.  a) Cphgc, ycbtu tbmci agrhcpcs, agrnghtb agrhcpcs. j) ]cibph ]cibphgc, gc, ycbtu ycbtu pgrhcpcs pgrhcpcsch ch `gabn `gabn jgpct mcrb mcrb hlrdc` hlrdc` mghkch mghkch frgiuhsb `gabn mcrb 1=x/dghbt m) Ar Arcm cmbp bphg hgc, c, yc ycbt btu u pg pgrh rhcfc cfcsch sch `g `gab abn n `c `cda dact ct (i (iur urch chk) k) mc mcrb rb hlrdc` mghkch frgiuhsb iurchk mcrb 36x/dghbt. g) Iussdc Iussdcu`, u`, ycbtu ycbtu pgrhcpc pgrhcpcsch sch mghkch mghkch pchech pchechk k gispbrcsb gispbrcsb mch bhspbrcsb scdc, sgnbhkkc pgrhcpcsch dghecmb `cdact mch mc`cd, dbsc`hyc pcmc pghycibt mbcagtgs dg`btus mch urgdbc f) Jngy Jngyhg hg-st -stli ligs, gs, dgrupc dgrupcic ich h pg pgrh rhcp cpcsc csch h jg jgpc pctt mc mch h mc mc`c `cd d igdumbch igdu mbch agrchksur-ch agrchksur-chksur ksur mchkic` mchkic` mch mbbiutb mbbiutb pgrblmg pgrblmg cphg cphgcc ychk ychk agru agru`c `chk hk sg sgjc jcrc rc tg tgrc rctu tur. r. Dbsc Dbsc`h `hyc yc pc pcmc mc igrcjuhch lact abus, pghycibt echtuhk mch pghycibt kbhec`.

 

k) Ablt, Ablt, cmc`cn cmc`cn pgrhcpc pgrhcpcsch sch mc`cd mc`cd mch mchkic` mchkic` mbsgrt mbsgrtcb cb dcsc cphgc cph gc mghkch mghkch pgrblm pgrblmgg ychk ychk tbmci tbmci tgrctu tgrctur, r, dbsc`h dbsc`hyc yc pcmc pcmc dghbhkbtbs. g. _gru _gruac acnc nch h fuhk fuhksb sb pgrh pgrhcf cfcsc csch h _gruac _gr uacnch nch mc`cd mc`cd fuhksb fuhksb pgrhcf pgrhcfcsch csch mbsgac mbsgacaic aich h pghyci pghycibt bt mch ilhmbs ilh mbsb-il b-ilhmb hmbsb sb ychk ychk dgdpgh dgdpghkcr kcrunb unb vghtb` vghtb`csb csb mch trchsp trchsplrt lrtcsb csb lisbkgh. Igtbkc pgruacnch fuhksb pgrhcfcsch chtcrc `cbh 5 3) Nbpg Nbpgrv rvgh ghtb tb`c `csb sb Cmc`cn suctu ilhmbsb vghtb`csb ychk agr`gabn, ychk mbautunich uhtui uht ui dghkg` dghkg`bdb bdbhcs hcsbb icralh icralhmbl mblisb isbmc mc hlrdc` hlrdc` mb vghc, vghc, ychk ychk mbprlm mbp rlmuis uisbb dg`c`u dg`c`ubb dgtcal dgtcal`bsd `bsdgg sg`u`c sg`u`cr. r. Nbpgrv Nbpgrvght ghtb`c b`csb sb bhb mcpct mbsgacaich l`gn chsbgtc chsbgtcs, s, bhfgisb, bhfgisb, lact-lactch lact-lactch,, igtbmci  igtbmci  sgbdachkch cscd acsc. ]chmc mch kgec`c nbpgrvghtb`csb chtcrc `cbh 5 c) ]cibicrmbc  a) Hcfcs pghmgi  j) Hygrb mc mcmc m) _usbhk g) Zc Zcib ibtt igpc igpc`c `c rbh rbhkc kch h f) Mbslrb slrbgghtcsb k) _cr crcs cstg tgsb sbcc n) ]bhhbtus b) _g _ghk hk`b `bnc nctc tch h ychk ychk icau icaur  r  1) Nbpl Nbplvg vght htb` b`cs csbb Cmc`cn suctu prlsgs mbdchc vghtb`csb c`vgl`cr tbmci cmgiuct dgdg dg dghu hunb nb ig igau autu tunc nch h li lisb sbkg kgh h tu tuau aun n ct ctcu cu dghk dghkg` g`bd bdbh bhcsb csb icralhmblisbmc sgjcrc cmgiuct. _cmc pghycibt-pghycibt tgrtghtu mcpct dghygacai dghygacaich ch nbplvghtb` nbplvghtb`csb csb ycbtu, ycbtu, ctg`gitcsbs, ctg`gitcsbs, pghycibt pghycibt  pcru. ]chmc mch kgec`c mcrb nbplvghtb`csb chtcrc `cbh 5 c) _usbhk  a) Hygrb igpc`c j) @gtcrkb

 

m) Mbsl Mbslrb rbgh ghtc tcsb sb g) _ghuru _ghuruhch hch igdcd igdcdpuc puch h dg`ciuic dg`ciuich h bhtruis bhtruisbb f) Mbsc Mbscrb rbtd tdbc bc echt echtuh uhk k k) Igtbmc Igtbmcisg isgbda bdachk chkch ch g`gitr g`gitrl`b l`btt n) Ilhvu`sb b) Ildc  e) Nghtb echtuhk :) Nbplisb sbcc Cmc`cn lisbkghcsb ecrbhkch ychk tbmci cmgiuct pcmc tbhkict  ecrbhkch. Nbplisbc bhb mbsgacaich l`gn, pghuruhch icmcr Na mc mch h pg pghu huru ruhc hch h ic icpc pcsb sbtc tcss mc mcrc rcn n yc ychk hk dgda dgdacw cwcc li lisbk sbkgh gh,,  pghuruhch ilhsghtrcsb ychk mb bhspbrcsb, igtbmcidcdpuch  ecrbhkch dghkcdab` lisbkgh. ]chmc mch kgec`c mcrb nbplisbc chtcrc `cbh 5 c) Kg`bscn  a) Qcsc tciut, chsbgtcs j) Mbs bsl lrb rbgh ghtc tcsb sb m) _ghuru _ghuruhch hch igdcd igdcdpuc puch h agrilhsg agrilhsghtr htrcsb csb g) _ghu _ghuru ruhc hch h tbhki tbhkict ct igscm igscmcrc crch h f) _g _ghb hbhk hkic ictc tch h ig`gt ig`gtbn bnch ch k) _usbhk n) _gru _gruac acnc nch h pg pgrb rb`c `ciu iu b) _ghb _ghbhk hkic ictch tch frgiu frgiugh ghsb sb hc hcmb mb  e) _ghbhkictch frgiughsb mch igmc`cdch pgrhcfcsch i) _ghb _ghbhk hkic ictch tch tgic tgichc hch h mcrcn mcrcn `) _ujct d) Zbch Zbchls lsbs bs h) J`uaabhk l) Mbsphgc

 

7. _ghct _ghctc`c c`cisc ischcc hcch h igpgrc igpgrcwct wctch ch

_ghctc`cischcch pcmc pcsbgh mghkch kchkkuch igautunch lisbkghcsb chtcrc `cbh5 c. _gh ghk kicebch _gh ghk kicebch

igpgrc rcw wctch

cmc`c c`cn

prlsg sgss

sbstg stgdctbs

mcrb

 pghkudpu`ch, vgrbfbicsb, ilduhbicsb mctc tghtchk i`bgh. Fcsg  pghkicebch igpgrcwctch dghjciup pghkudpu`ch mctc mcrb sudagr   prbdgr (i`bgh),

sudagr sgiuhmgr (ig`ucrkc, tghckc igsgnctch),

 pgdgrbiscch fbsbi, pgdgrbiscch pghuhechk. 3) Qbwc Qbwcyc yctt igsgn igsgnct ctch ch c) Dcsc`cn Dcsc`cn pgrhcp pgrhcpcsc csch h ychk ychk pgrhcn pgrhcn mbc` mbc`cdb cdb -

_grh _grhcn cn dghk dghkc` c`cd cdbb pgru pgruac acnc nch h pl` pl`cc hcf hcfcs cs

-

_grh _grhcn cn dghk dghkc` c`cd cdbb a act ctui ui mg mghk hkch ch sput sputud ud

-

_g _grh rhcn cn dghk dghkc` c`cd cdbb hyg hygrb rb mc mcmc mc

-

Citbvb Citbvbtcs tcs ccpc pc scec scec ychk ychk dghy dghygac gacaic aich h tgrecm tgrecmbhy bhycc kgec`c kgec`c-kgec`c mbctcs.

 a) Qbwcyct pghycibt pgrhcpcsch -

Cpci Cpcicn cn pgrh pgrhcn cn dghk dghkc` c`cd cdbb BZ_C, BZ_C, c`grk c`grkb, b, actu actui, i, csdc csdc,, ]A, mch `cbh-`cbh.

-

Ackc Ackcbd bdch chcc frg frgiu iuhs hsbb sgtbc sgtbcp p ig igecm ecmbc bch< h<

j) Qb Qbwc wcyc yctt icrm icrmbl blvc vcsi siu` u`gr  gr  -

_grh _grhcn cn dghk dghkc` c`cd cdbb pg pgh hyc yci ibt ec ech htu tuh hk ct ctcu cu pg pgrg rgmc mcrc rch h mcrcn.

m) Kcy cycc nb nbmup -

Dgrl Dgrli ili, li, ig`u ig`ucr crk kc pgr grli lili li,, ct ctcu cu `bhk `bhkiu iuh hkch kch ig igre recc mghkch pgrlili.

1) _g _gdg dgrb rbis iscc cch h fbsbi  fbsbi  c) Bhspgisb @ciuich pgdgrbiscch mghkch dg`bnct igcmcch udud i`bgh mc mch h hb`c hb`cbb tchmc tchmc-tc -tchm hmcc ca cahl hlrd rdc` c` sg sgpg pgrt rtbb cm cmch chyc yc tchmc tchmc sbchls sbc hlsbs, bs, pujct, pujct, ig`g`cn ig`g`cnch, ch, sgsci sgsci hcfcs, hcfcs, actui, actui, pghb`c pghb`cbch bch  prlmuisb sputud, mch `cbhhyc. _ghb`cbch aghtui mcmc sgjcrc

 

bhspgisb uhtui dg`bnct sgagrcpc ecun ig`cbhch ychk tgrecmb  pcmc i`bgh. Aghtui mcmc hlrdc` pcmc lrchk mgwcsc cmc`cn mbcdgtgr chtgrlplstgrblr mc`cd prlplrsb tgrncmcp mbcdgtgr  `ctgrc` cmc`cn cmc`cn 351. 351. dg`bp g`bpu utb

acrr acrrg` g`

Eghbseghbs Eghbseghbs ig`cbhch ig`cbhch pcmc pcmc aghtui mcmc mcmc jn jngs gst, t,

fu fuh hhg hg``

jn jngs gst, t,

pb pbk kgl glh h

jn jngs gst, t,

ibflsi ibf lsil`b l`blsb lsbs. s. Lasgrv Lasgrvcsb csb igsbdg igsbdgtrb trbsch sch pgrkgr pgrkgrcic cich h mcmc, mcmc, kchkkuch kchk kuch pgrkgrcich pgrkgrcich mcmc ctcu tbmci cmgiucthyc cmgiucthyc gispchsb gispchsb mcmc dghkbhmbicsbich pghycibt pcru ctcu p`gurc.  a) _c`pcsb _c`pcsb mb`ciuich uhtui dghkiceb igsbdgtrbsch pgrkgrcich mcmc mch dghkgtcnub dghkgtcnub cahlrdc`btcs cahlrdc`btcs pcmc mbhmbhk tnlrcis sgpgrtb

cmchyc

hygrb

tgich,

dcssc,

aghkici,

dghkbm dgh kbmght ghtbfb bfbics icsbb igcmcc igcmcch h iu`bt, iu`bt, mch dghkgt dghkgtcnu cnubb vljc`/ vljc`/ tcjtb` prgdbtus (vbarcsb) pcmc mbhmbhk mcmc. j) _griusb _gri _grius usbb mb`c mb`ciu iuic ich h uh uhtu tui i dghg dghght htui uich ch cp cpci cicn cn ec ecrb rbhk hkch ch mbacwcn mba cwcnhyc hyc tgrbsb tgrbsb l`gn l`gn umcrc, umcrc, jcbrch, jcbrch, acnch acnch pcmct pcmct ctcu ctcu tbmc tbmci. i.

_g _gdg dgrb rbis iscc

eu eukc kc

dghk dghkku kuhc hcic ich h

pg pgri rius usbb

uh uhtu tui  i 

dgdpgribrcich uiurch mch `gtci struitur tgrtghtu mb mc`cd tnlrcis tnlrc is (jlhtln (jlhtln mbcfrckdc, mbcfrckdc, echtuhk, echtuhk, ngpcr mch `cbh-`cbh). `cbh-`cbh). Zucrc pgriusb pcru hlrdc` cmc`cn rgslhch ctcu slhlr. m) Cus usiu iu`t `tcs csbb _ghkicebch cusiu`tcsb agrkuhc uhtui dghmghkcrich sucrc hcfcs hlrdc` mch sucrc tcdacnch (cahlrdc`). Zucrc hcfcs hlrdc` mbncsb`ich mcrb kgtcrch umcrc igtbic dg`c`ub ec`ch hcfcs mcrb `crbhk ig c`vgl`b mch agrsbfct agrsbn. Eghbs sucrc hcfc hcfcss

hlrd hlrdc` c`

ycbt ycbtu u

ar arlh lhin inbc bc`, `,

ar arlh lhil ilvg vgsb sbiu iu`c `cr, r,

mc mch h

vgsbiu`cr sgmchkich eghbs sucrc tcdacnch ycbtu wnggzbhk, dghkb, rlhjnb, p`gurc` frbjtblh rua, mch irgig`s.  pgdgrbiscch fbsbi ychk cich mbtgduich pcmc pcsbgh mghkch kchkkuch pgdghunch igautunch lisbkghcsb, ycbtu 5

 

 Hl _gdgrbiscch 3.

Fbsbi  Dctc

Ncsb` pgdgrbiscch ychk mbtgduich -

Ilheuhktbvc pujct/chgdbs

-

Ilhe Ilheuh uhkt ktbv bvcc sbch sbchls lsbs bs (n (nbp bpli lisgd sgdbc) bc)

-

Ilheuhktbvc (icrghc

1.

Iu`bt

-

tgrmcpct

gdal`b

pgtngjbc`

`gdci

ctcu

ghmljcrmbtbs) Zbchlsbs pgrbfgr (vcslilhtrbisb mch dghuruhhyc c`brch mcrcn pgrbfgr)

-

Zbchlsbs

sgjcrc

udud

(nbplisgdbc)

:.

Ecrb mch iuiu

=.

Du`ut mch ababr

7. 6. ;.

Nbmuhk Vghc `gngr Mcmc

-

Gmgdc

-

Gmgdc pg pgrblrabtc`

-

_g _ghu huru ruhc hch h tur turkl klrr (mg (mgnb nbmr mrcs csb) b)

-

Zbchlsbs J`uaabhk fbhkgr  Dgdarch duilsc sbchlsbs

-

Agrhcfcs

-

 ababr  _grh rhccfc fcssch mghkch jupbhk nbmuhk Cmchyc mbstghsb/aghmuhkch Qgtrcisb ltlt achtu pgrhcfcsch (i (icr crgh ghcc

mghkch

dghkgrutich

pg pghb hbhk hkic ictc tch h

 pgrhcpcsch,

ci citb tbvb vbtc tcss

mysphgc,

ctcu

lastruisb ec`ch pgrhcpcsch). -

_grk rkggrc rci ich tbmci sbd sbdgtrbs ch chttcrc mcmc ibrb mch mcmc ichch

-

Zucrc hcfcs hlrdc` (vgsbiu`gr,  arlilvgsbiu`gr, arlhjnbc`)

-

Zucr Zucrcc hcfc hcfcss tbmc tbmci i hlrd hlrdc` c` (jr (jrci ci`g `gs, s, rlhjnb, wnggzbhk)

-

Auhyb

pgriusb

(rgslhch,

nbpgrgslhch, mu``hgss) -

]citb` frgdbtus, tnrb` rb``s (kgtcr crcch

 

 pcmc

mcmc

icrghc

dg`gwctb >.

_l`c pgrhcfcsch

umcrc/sucrc

sc`urch/rlhkkc

-

 pgrhcpcsch). _grhcfcsch hlrdc` (guphgc)

-

_g _grh rhcf cfcs csch ch jg jgpc pctt (tci (tcibp bphg hgc) c)

-

_g _grh rhcf cfcs csch ch `c `cda dact ct (a (arc rcmb mbph phgc gc))

 a. _gdgrbiscch pghuhechk 3) ]gs uhtui uhtui dghghtu dghghtuich ich igcmgiu igcmgiuctch ctch systgd systgd ilhmui ilhmuisb sb echtuhk echtuhk c) GIK  a) Gxgrjbsg strgss tgst 1) ]gs uhtui uhtui dghghtu dghghtuich ich ilhtrci ilhtrcisb sb dblicrmbud dblicrmbud c`brch mcrcn mcrcn c) Gjnl Gjnljc jcrm rmbl blkr krcp cpny ny  a) Ictgrbscsb echtuhk j) Chkblkrcf cfbb :) ]gs uhtui uhtui dghkuiur dghkuiur vghtb`csb vghtb`csb mch mch lisbkghcsb lisbkghcsb c) ]gs fuhksb fuhksb pcru pcru mghk mghkch ch spbr spbrldg ldgtrb trb  a) ]gs cstrup j) Lisbdgtrb m) _gdg _gdgrb rbis iscch cch mcrcn mcrcn `ghk `ghkic icp p =) Dg`bnc Dg`bnctt struit struitur ur systg systgd d pgrhcf pgrhcfcsch csch c) Fltl Fltl tnlr tnlrci ciss ((^^-rcy rcy))  a) Arlhilsilpb j) J] Zjc Zjch h pcr cru u 7) Dghghtuich Dghghtuich sg` cahlrdc cahlrdc`` / bhfgisb bhfgisb sbstgd pgrhcfcsch pgrhcfcsch c) Iu`t Iu`tur ur cpu cpuss tghk tghkkl klrl rlic ich h  a) Zbtl`lkb j) Zpgs Zpgsbd bdgh gh sp sput utud ud (A]C (A]C))

j. ]bhmcich ]bhmcich igpgrcwctch igpgrcwctch uhtui pgdghunch pgdghunch igautunch igautunch lisbkgh lisbkgh 3) _gda _gdagr grbch bch li lisbk sbkgh gh

 

Agrtueuch uhtui dghjgkcn ctcu dghkctcsb nbplisbc, pgdagrbch lisbkgh bhb mcpct mb`ciuich dg`c`ub : jcrc ycbtu 5 hcsc` ichu`, ichu`c mch dcsigr. 1) @ctb @ctbnc nch h hcfc hcfcss mc mc`c `cd d Cmc`cn suctu tbhmcich igpgrcwctch mghkch jcrc agrhcfcs uhtui  dgdpgracbib dgdpg racbib vghtb`csb c`vgl`b ctcu dgdg`bncrc pgrtuicrch kcs sgnbhkkc igpctghch ec`ch hcfcs tgtcp tgreckc. Mb`ciuich mghkch jcrc dghkctur plsbsb pcsbgh sgsucb ilhmbsb, dghkcecrich pcmc i`bgh uhtui dghcrbi hcfcs `gwct nbmuhk mghkch du`ut tgrtutup igdumbch pcsbgh mbsurun dghcnch hcfcshyc iurchk `gabn 3-3,7 mgtbi, igdumbch mb`gpcsich `gwct du`ut mghkch jcrc mbtbupich sgjcrc pgr`cnch-`cnch. :) @ctb @ctbnc nch h actu actui i gfgi gfgitb tbf  f  Cmc`cn suctu tbhmcich igpgrcwctch mghkch jcrc dg`ctbn pcsbgh ychk tbmci dcdpu actui uhtui dghkg`ucrich sgjrgt ctcu aghmc csbhk ychk agrcmc mc`cd `crbhk, trcigc dcupuh pcmc arlhius. arlhius. Mb`ciuich mghkch jcrc dghkctur plsbsb pcsbgh uhtui mumui  mbpbhkkbr mbpbh kkbr tgdpct tbmur, tbmur, dghkcheuri dghkcheurich ch pcsbgh uhtui dghcrbi  dghcrbi  hcfcs sgjcrc pgr`cnch-`cnch mch mc`cd mghkch dghkkuhcich  pgrhcfcsch mbcfrckdc. Hcfcs mbtcnch iurchk `gabn muc dghbt igdu igdumb mbch ch mbac mbactu tuii iich ch mg mghk hkch ch jc jcrc rc du`u du`utt

tg tgra raui uic, c, ebic ebic

mbmcpctich mbmcp ctich sgirgt mbtcdpuhk mbtcdpuhk pcmc tgdpct tgdpct pgdauchkch pgdauchkch sgjrgt, tcrbi hcfcs mghkch pg`ch mch abcrich pcsbgh bstbrcnct. =) Fbsb Fbsblt ltgr grcp cpbb mcmc mcmc Fbsblt Fbs bltgrc grcpb pb mcmc mcmc dgrupc dgrupcich ich suctu suctu tbhmci tbhmcich ch ycbtu, ycbtu, vbarcsb vbarcsb,,  pgriusb mch plsturc` mrcbhcsg, tbhmcich tgrsgaut tgrs gaut schkct s chkct pghtbhk uhtui dgdagrsbnich mch dghbhkictich ig`chjcrch ec`ch hcfcs  pcmc pcsbgh mghkch kchkkuch ec`ch hcfcs. hcfcs.

c) _g _gri rius usbb mch mch vbar vbarcs csbb

 

Dgrupc Dgr upcich ich suctu suctu tbhmci tbhmcich ch dghgpu dghgpui-h i-hgpu gpui i iu`bt iu`bt tchkch tchkch  pcmc puhkkuhk pcsbgh ychk dghygrupcb dchkili mghkch igiuctch pghun ychk mb`ciuich sgjcrc agrkchtbch mghkch tueuch dg`gpcsich sgjrgt pcmc mbhmbhk arlhius sgnbhkkc  pgrhcfcsch dghecmb `chjcr. Zgmchkich pgriusb dgrupcich suct suctu u tbhm tbhmci cich ch ig igpg pgrcw rcwct ctch ch mg mghk hkch ch jc jcrc rc dgda dgdagr grbi bich ch kgtcrch ychk iuct mghkch dghkkuhcich igmuc tchkch ychk mb`gtciich pcmc mcmc pcsbgh sgjcrc dghmctcr, tbhmcich bhb  agrtueuch uhtui dghbhkictich turau`ghsb umcrc ychk mbngda mbn gdausi usich ch sgnbhkk sgnbhkkcc sputud sputud ychk ychk cmc mc`cd mc`cd arlhiu arlhiuss tgr`gpcs.  a) _lsturc` mrcbhcsg Cmc`cn suctu tbhmcich igpgrcwctch pghkg`ucrch sgjrgt mcrb  agrackcb sgkdgh pcru mghkch dgdchfcctich kcyc krcvbtcsb  audb mch mc`cd pghkg`ucrch sgjrgt tgrsgaut mbautunich  plsbsb ychk agragmc pcmc sgtbcp sgkdgh. 7) _ghk _ghknb nbscp scpch ch `ghm `ghmbr  br  Cmc`c Cm c`cn n su suct ctu u tbhm tbhmci cich ch ig igpg pgrc rcwc wctch tch yc ychk hk mb mb`ci `ciui uich ch pc pcmc mc  pcsbgh ychk tbmci absc dghkg`ucrich sgirgthyc sgjcrc dchmbrb mghk mghkch ch tueu tueuch ch uhtu uhtui i dgda dgdagr grsb sbni nich ch ec ec`c `ch h hcfc hcfcss mg mghk hkch ch  pgdghunch igautunch lisbkgh lisbkgh pcsbgh.

6. Mbckhl Mbckhlsc sc Igpg Igpgrcw rcwctc ctch h Chc`bs Chc`bsc c Mctc Mctc

Mbckhlsc igpgrcwctch ychk agrnuauhkch mghkch dcsc`cn igautunch lisbkghcsb mb chtcrchyc cmc`cn 5 c. Igtbmc Igtbmcigf igfgitb gitbfch fch agrsbn agrsbnch ch ec`c ec`ch h hcfcs hcfcs Mgfbhb Mgf bhbsb sb 5 ilhmbs ilhmbsbb mbdchc mbdchc pcsbgh pcsbgh tbmci tbmci dcdpu dcdpu dgdagr dgdagrsbn sbnich ich sgirgt/s`gd sgirgt /s`gd sgnbhkkc sgnbhkkc dghbdau`ic dghbdau`ich h lastruisb lastruisb sc`urch pgrhcpcsch pgrhcpcsch mghkch tueuch dgdpgrtcnchich sc`urch pgrhcpcsch. Fcitlr ychk agrnuauhkch (gtbl`lkb) 5 fcitlr lastruisb ec`ch hcpcs, sgpgrtb spcsdg ec`ch hcfcs, dujus ychk agr`gabnch, cmchyc gisumct mc`cd c`vgl`b, sgirgsb mc`cd arlhjnb, cmchyc aghmc csbhk. Fcitlr 

 

`bhkiuhkch `bhki uhkch,, sgpgrtb dghkbscp cscp, dgrlili. Fcitlr Fcitlr fbsbl`lkbs, fbsbl`lkbs, sgpgrtb ec`ch hcpcs c`grkb, csdc, pghycibt pcru lhstruisb irlhbs, bhfgisb mbsfuhksb hgurldusju`cr, mch `cbh-`cbh. Igduhkibhch mctc ychk mbtgduich5 3) Zucrc hcpcs tbmci hlrdc` hlrdc` cmchyc cmchyc sucrc sucrc hcpcs hcpcs tcdacnch tcdacnch 1) _gruac _gruacnch nch frgiu frgiughsb ghsb hcpc hcpcs, s, brcdc brcdc hcpcs hcpcs :) Igsu`bt Igsu`btch ch dghkg` dghkg`ucr ucrich ich sucrc sucrc =) _ghuruhch _ghuruhch auhyb auhyb hcpcs, mysphgc, mysphgc, sputud sputud ychk ychk agr`gabn agr`gabn 7) Actui Actui tbmci tbmci gfgitb gfgitbf, f, lrtlph lrtlphgc, gc, mch mch kg`bscn kg`bscn 6) Zbchlsbs ;) Mgdcd Ilhmbsb i`bhbs igduhkibhch tgrecmb pcmc 5 3) Zbhmrl Zbhmrld d kckc` kckc` hcpcs hcpcs ciut, ciut, jystbj jystbj fbarlsb fbarlsbss 1) _hgu _hgudl dlhb hbc, c, bheu bheurb rb mcmc mcmc :) Ichigr Ichigr pcru, pcru, kchkk kchkkuch uch hgurl hgurldus dusiu` iu`cr  cr  =) _ghyci _ghycibt bt lastru lastruisb isb pgrhc pgrhcpcsc pcsch h irlhbs irlhbs  a. ]bmci gfgitbfhyc pl`c pgrhcpcsch Mgfbhbsb 5 ilhmbsb mbdchc pcsbgh tbmci dcdpu dgdpgrtcnchich  pl`c bhnc`csb mch gisnc`csb icrghc cmchyc kchkkuch fuhksb fuhksb pcru. Igduhkibhch agrnuauhkch mghkch 5 3) Last Lastru ruis isbb trcig trcigc` c` 1) _g _grm rmcr crcn cnch ch cit citbf  bf  :) Dghu Dghuru ruhh hhyc yc gisp gispch chsb sb pcru pcru =) Bh Bhfg fgis isbb pcr pcru u 7) Mgpr Mgprgsb gsb pus pusct ct pgrh pgrhcp cpcsc csch h 6) Ig`g Ig`gdc dcnc nch h ltlt ltlt pgrhcp pgrhcpcsc csch h Igduhkibhch mctc ychk mbtgduich 5 3) _gruacnch _gruacnch brcdc pgrhcpcsch pgrhcpcsch mch mch eud`cn eud`cn pgrhcpcsch pgrhcpcsch 1) Mbsphgc :) _ghkku _ghkkuhcc hcch h ltlt ltlt tcdacnc tcdacnch h pgrhcpc pgrhcpcsch sch =) Zucrc Zucrc pgrh pgrhcpc cpcsch sch tbmci tbmci h hlrd lrdc` c` 7) Actu Actui i mbs mbsgrt grtcb cb mc mcnc nci  i 

 

6) Dghuru Dghuruhhy hhycc icpcsbt icpcsbtcs cs vbtc` vbtc` ;) Igjgdc gdcsc sch h Ilhmbsb i`bhbs igduhkibhch tgrecmb pcmc 5 3) _ghyci _ghycibt bt ichi ichigr, gr, bhfgi bhfgisb sb pcmc pcmc mcmc mcmc 1) _ghkku _ghkkuhcc hcch h lact mch mch igrcju igrcjuhch hch c`ili c`ilil` l` :) ]rc rcu udc mcm mcmc =) Dycstnghbc Dycstnghbc krcvbs, krcvbs, Kub``bch Kub``bch Acrrg Acrrg Zyhmrldg. Zyhmrldg. j. Dghuru Dghuruhhy hhycc pgrfu pgrfusb sb ecrbhkc ecrbhkch h tuau tuaun n Mgfbhbsb 5 ilhmbsb mbdchc tbmci cmgiucthyc pcslich lisbkgh cibact dghuruhhyc hutrbsb mch lisbkgh pcmc tbhkict sg`u`gr. Igduhkibhch agrnuauhkch mghkch 5 3) Vcsl Vcslil ilht htrb rbis isbb 1) Nbp Nbplv lvl` l`gd gdbc bc :) ]nrl ]nrlda dals lsbs bs vgh vghcc =) Dghu Dghuru ruhh hhyc yc c`b c`brch rch mcrc mcrcn n 7) Gmgdc 6) _gh _ghmcrc mcrcn nch ;) Bdl Bdlab`b ab`bsc scsb sb Igduhkibhch mctc ychk mbtgduich 5 3) Gmgdc 1) _u`sc _u`scsb sb pg pgrb rbfgr fgr ig igjb jb`` :) _ghkbs _ghkbsbch bch icpb`g icpb`grr (jcpb``c (jcpb``cry ry rgfb``) rgfb``) `cdact `cdact =) _gruac _gruacnch nch wcrhc wcrhc iu` iu`bt/ bt/puj pujct ct 7) Dghu Dghuru ruhh hhyc yc sghscs sghscsbb 6) _ghy _ghygd gdau aunc nch h `uic `uic `cd `cdcc ;) Zbchlsbs Ilhmbsb i`bhbs igduhkibhch tgrecmb pcmc 5 3) Kckc Kckc`` echt echtu uhk 1) Bh Bhfc fcri ri dbli dblicr crmb mbc` c` :) _grc _grcmc mchk hkch ch pcmc pcmc echt echtuh uhk k =) Nbp Nbpgr grtg tghs hsbb 7) Zyli  

 

6) _ghyci _ghycibt bt lastru lastruisb isb pgrhc pgrhcpcsc pcsch h irlhbs irlhbs m. Kchk Kchkku kuch ch pg pgrt rtui uicr crch ch kcs kcs Mgfbhb Mgf bhbsb sb 5 suctu suctu ilhmbs ilhmbsbb mb dchc dchc pcsbgh pcsbgh dghkc` dghkc`cdb cdb pghuru pghuruhch hch  pghkbrbdch lisbkgh mch icralh mblisbmc mb chtcrc c`vgl`b pcru mch sbstgd vcsiu`cr. Igduhkibhch agrnuauhkch mghkch 5 3) _ghudp _ghudpuic uich h jcbrch jcbrch mc`cd mc`cd pcru pcru 1) Kchkku Kchkkuch ch pcsl pcslich ich lisbk lisbkgh gh :) Lastru Lastruisb isb sc`urch sc`urch pgrhcp pgrhcpcsch csch =) Arlh Arlhil ilsp spcs csdg dg 7) Ctg` Ctg`gi gitc tcsb sbss 6) Gmgdc pc pcru ;) _g _gda dagm gmcn cnch ch pcru pcru Igduhkibhch mctc ychk mbtgduich 5 3) Zgsc Zgsci i hcp cpcs cs 1) _ghu _ghuru ruhc hch h igs igscm cmcrc crch h :) Hb Hb`c `cbb CKM CKM tbm tbmci ci hlr hlrdc dc`` =) _gru _gruac acnc nch h tchm tchmcc vbtc vbtc`` 7) Zbch Zbchls lsbs bs / tcib tcibic icrm rmbc bc Ilhmbsb i`bhbs igduhkibhch tgrecmb pcmc 5 3) _ghyci _ghycibt bt lastru lastruisb isb pgrhc pgrhcpcsc pcsch h irlhbs irlhbs 1) Kckc Kckc`` echt echtu uhk :) Csdc =) _hgudlhbc

>. Bdp Bdp`gd `gdghtcs htcsbb

 

Bdp`gdghtcsb cmc`cn tcncp iggdpct mcrb prlsgs igpgrcwctch. ]cncp bhb duhj du hju` u` ebic ebic pg pgrgh rghjch jchcc cch h yc ychk hk mb mbau auct ct mb cp cp`b `bic icsbi sbich ch pc pcmc mc i` i`bg bgh. h. Bdp`gdghtcsb Bdp`gd ghtcsb tgrmbrb tgrmbrb ctcs dg`ciuich dg`ciuich mch dghmliudghtcsbi dghmliudghtcsbich ch ychk dgru dg rupc pcic ich h tbhm tbhmci cich ch ig igpg pgrc rcwc wctc tch h in inus usus us yc ychk hk mb mbku kuhc hcic ich h uh uhtu tui  i  dg`cischcich bhtgrvghsb. 2. Gvc`ucsb

Zgtg`cn mb`ciuich bdp`gdghtcsb sgsucb mghkch actcs wcitu mbtgtcpich mch sbtucsb ilhmbsb i`bgh dcic mbncrcpich i`bgh 5 c. Agrsbnch Agrsbnch ec`ch ec`ch hcfcs hcfcs i`bgh i`bgh mcpct gfgitbf gfgitbf mghkch mghkch irbtgrbc irbtgrbc ncsb` 5 3) Zc`urc Zc`urch h hcfcs hcfcs i`bg i`bgh h dg dghec hecmb mb agrsb agrsbn n 1) I`bgh I`bgh mcpc mcpctt dghkg dghkg`uc `ucric rich h sgjrgt sgjrgt :) Zucrc Zucrc hcfcs hcfcs mch igcmcc igcmcch h iu`bt iu`bt dghecmb dghecmb hlrdc hlrdc``  a. _l`c hcfcs i`bgh mcpct gfgitbf mghkch irbtgrbc ncsb` 5 3) Brcdc Brcdc pgrhcfcsc pgrhcfcsch h mch eud`cn eud`cn pgrhcf pgrhcfcsch csch hlrdc hlrdc`` 1) _csbgh _csbgh tbmci tbmci dgh dghkg` kg`un un sgsci  sgsci  :) I`bgh tbmci tgr`bnct tgr`bnct dghkkuh dghkkuhcich cich ltlt tcdacnch tcdacnch =) I` I`bg bgh h tbmci tbmci tgr` tgr`bn bnct ct jgdc jgdcss j. _grfus _grfusbb ecrbhkc ecrbhkch h tuaun tuaun hlrdc` hlrdc` mghkch mghkch irbt irbtgrbc grbc ncsb` ncsb` 5 3) Dghuru Dghuruhhy hhycc bhsufbsbg bhsufbsbghsb hsb echtuh echtuhk k i`bgh i`bgh 1) Zucrc Zucrc pgr pgrhc hcfc fcsch sch hlr hlrdc dc`` m. _grtuicrch _grtuicrch kcs i`bgh i`bgh mcpct mcpct cmgiuct cmgiuct mghkch mghkch irbtgrbc irbtgrbc ncsb` ncsb` 5 3) I`bgh I`bgh tbmc tbmci i dghkg dghkg`un `un sgsci sgsci hcfcs hcfcs 1) I`bgh I`bgh tbmci tbmci dghkc`c dghkc`cdb db pghuruh pghuruhch ch igscmc igscmcrch rch :) Hb`cb Hb`cb CKM CKM mc`cd mc`cd actcs actcs hlrd hlrdc` c` =) ]bmci tgrmcpct tgrmcpct pgruacn pgruacnch ch tchmc-tchmc tchmc-tchmc vbtc` 7) I`bgh I`bgh tbmc tbmci i dghkc dghkc`cd `cdbb sbchls sbchlsbs. bs.

 

MCF]CQ _WZ]CIC

Dghkil, Jlrhg`bs Rlnhb. (1?3>). Csunch  Csunch Igpgrcwctch _ghycibt _cru Lastruitbf  Irlhbs (__LI) _cmc _csbgh _csbgh ]h. ] mb Quchk Alukghvb` Qudcn Zcibt mr. mr. Zlgmelhl Dckg`chk.  Dckg`chk.  Nb Nbmc mcyc yctt & W`by W`bycn cn (1 (1?3 ?3=) =)..  _ghkchtcr Igautunch Mcscr Dchusbc Gmbsb 1. Zurcacyc 5 Zc`gdac Dgmbic Grhc Grhcwc wctb tb (1 (1?3 ?31) 1)..  Ilhsgp mch Cp`bicsb Igpgrcwctch Mc`cd _gdghunch  Igautunch Mcscr Dchusbc. Dchusbc. Ecicrtc  Ecicrtc 5 ]rchs Bhfl Dgmbc. Ngrmdch & zicdbtsuru Ngrmdch zicdbtsuru (1?3>). Mbckhlsbs Igpgrcwctch Mgfbhbsb mch I`csbfbicsb I`csbfbicsb 1?3>-1?1?. Ecicrtc 5 GKJ. ]crwltl & [crtlhcn (1?31).  Igautunch Mcscr Dchusbc mch _rlsgs  Igpgrcwctch Gmbsb =, =, Zurcacyc 5 Zc`gdac Dgmbic. K`lac` Ztrctgky Flr ]ng Mbckhlsbs, Dchckgdght, Chm _rgvghtblh Lf Jnrlhbj Lastru Las trujtb jtbvg vg _u`dl _u`dlhcr hcry y Mbsgcsg Mbsgcsg,, 1? 1?36. 36. K`l K`lac` ac` Bhtbct Bhtbctbvg bvg Flr Jnrlhb Jnrlhbjj Lastrujtbvg @uhk Mbsgcsg (KL@M).