Laporan PDAM Kota Bogor

 

HGPCZGL PZGK]BK KIZOG BLMYV]ZB MB PIZYVGDGGL MGIZGD GBZ NBLYN ]BZ]G PGKYGL   KC]G JCACZ (Glghbsbs Kughbtgs Gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr) Hgpcrgl Prgktbk Kirog Blmustrb sijgagb Vygrgt Nilabkutb Yobgl Hbsgl ]gdul Gogrgl :071/:074

chid Mbirg Nclbfg 7=.50.0115:

KINIL]IZBGL PIZBLMYV]ZBGL ZIPYJHBK BLMCLIVBG Pusgt Pilmbmbkgl mgl Pihgtbdgl Blmustrb Vikchgd Nililagd Kiourugl - VNGK Jcacr :074

G.

 

HGPCZGL PZGK]BK KIZOG BLMYV]ZB MB PIZYVGDGGL MGIZGD GBZ NBLYN ]BZ]G PGKYGL KC]G JCACZ Vijgagb Vygrgt Nilabkutb Yobgl Gkdbr Vikchgd Nililagd Kiourugl-VNGK Jcacr ]gdul Gogrgl :071/:074 chid Mbirg Nclbfg LBV 7=.50.0115:

KINIL]IZBGL PIZBLMYV]ZBGL ZIPYJHBK BLMCLIVBG Pusgt Pilmbmbkgl mgl Pihgtbdgl Blmustrb Vikchgd Nililagd Kiourugl - VNGK Jcacr

:074

HINJGZ PIZVI]YOYGL MGL PILAIVGDGL

 

Hgpcrgl Prgktbk Kirog Blmustrb mb PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ( Glghbsbs  Glghbsbs Kughbtgs Gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ) chid Mbirg Nclbfg

Mbsituoub mgl mbsgdkgl chid? Mbsituoub chid ?

Zuhy Vgtrbgmb

Z. Zumb Dilmrgkusungd, V.Pm

LYP. :000 09 ==2

LBP.. 72590:04 724906 7 00: LBP

Pinjbnjbla Blstbtusb

Pinjbnjbla Vikchgd

Mbsgdkgl chid,

Mwbkg Zbglmgrb, N.Vb LBP 725501:5 :00:7: : 007 Kipghg Vikchgd Nililagd Kiourugl - VNGK Jcacr

 

J.KG J.K G]G PILA PILAGL]GZ GL]GZ   Hgpcrgl Prgktbk Prgktbk Kirog Blmustrb mb PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ygla jiroumuh Glghbsbs Kughbtgs Gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr bl blbb mbsu mbsusu sul l ultu ultuk k nini ninilud ludbb tuags tuags pisir pisirtg tg mbmb mbmbk k mgh mghgn gn ki kiab abgtg gtgl l pr prgk gkir irbl bl.. Kdususlyg pisirtg mbmbk mb hblakula Vikchgd Nililagd Kiourugl - VNGK Jcacr. Pisirtg Pis irtg mbmbk ygla mbngks mbngksum um gmghgd gmghgd pisirt pisirtg g mbmbk mbmbk kihgs kihgs TBBB TBBB ygl ygla a mumuk mumuk mb Vinistir Ailgp ]gdul Gogrgl :071/:074. Pgmg sinistir ailgp pgrg sbswg mbwgobjkgl ultuk nilabkutb kiabgtgl prgkirbl mb sugtu blstbtusb gtgu hinjgag. Pgrg Pg rg sb sbsw swg g ou ouag ag jirk jirkiw iwgo gobj bjgl gl ninj ninjugt ugt kg kgry ryg g tuhb tuhbs s bhnb bhnbgd gd jiru jirupg pg hgpcr hgpcrgl gl ki kiab abgtg gtgl l prgki prgkirb rbl. l. Ou Oumuh muh hg hgpcr pcrgl gl blb mb mbgn gnjbh jbh jirmgs jirmgsgr grkg kgl l ki kiput putus usgl gl yg ygla la mbkihu mbk ihugrk grkgl gl chid chid pinjbn pinjbnjbl jbla a blstbt blstbtusb usb,, tinpgt tinpgt piluhbs piluhbs nihgkuk nihgkukgl gl kiabgt kiabgtgl gl prgkirbl. prgkir bl. Ouag, hgpcrgl hgpcrgl blb jirtuougl jirtuougl nilgnjgd pilaitgdugl pilaitgdugl pgrg pinjgfg nilailgb glghbsbs gbr ygla tihgd mbchgd. Gmgpul sijgabgl jisgr bsb hgpcrgl blb nihbputb ? Hinjgr pirsituougl mgl pilaisgdgl, kgtg pilagltgr, mgetgr bsb, mgetgr tgjih, mgetgr agnjgr. Ouag jgj pilmgduhugl pilmgduh ugl ygla jirbsb jirbsb tiltgla hgtgr jihgkgla, ngksum mgl tuougl prgkirbl, prgkirbl, sirtg tuougl pinjugtgl hgpcrgl. hgpcrgl. Jgj blstbtusb blstbtusb prgkirbl ygla ninjgdgs ninjgdgs siogrgd blstbtusb, craglbsgsb, mgl gmnblbstrgsb hgjcrgtcrbun. Hgtgr jihgkgla pinbhbdgl suj  oumuh, piltblalyg ngsghgd, tuougl nilinukgl schusb gtgs ngsghgd, nitcmi glghbsbs glghbs bs ygla mbaulgkgl, mbaulgkgl, ghgsgl ghgsgl pinbhbdgl pinbhbdgl nitcmi glghbsbs, glghbsbs, tblogugl pustgkg, mgl sbnpuh sbnpuhgl gl jirupg jirupg schusb schusb ygla mbmukula mbmukula egktg egktg sir sirtg tg ticrb ticrb pilmukul pilmukula a ygla ygla mbjgdgs mghgn jgj kiabgtg kiabgtgl l prgkirbl. prgkirbl. Jgj dgsbh mgl pinjgdgsgl jirbsb tiltgla pirjglm pir jglmbla blagl gl gltgrg gltgrg dgsbh dgsbh glghbsb glghbsbs s milagl milagl stglmgr stglmgr mgl ninjgdg ninjgdgs s tiltgla tiltgla kitbmg kit bmgk k sisugbg sisugbgl l gltgrg gltgrg dgsbh dgsbh mgl stglmgr stglmgr.. Jgj sbnpuh sbnpuhgl gl mgl sgrgl sgrgl jirbsb jirbsb nilailgb pirlygtggl jgdwg prcmuk ygla mbglghbsbs tihgd niniludb stglmgr gtgu tbmgk, mgl ninjirb sgrgl ultuk pirkinjglagl nitcmi glghbsbs gbr. Vinug sunjir rieirilsb tirfgltun mghgn mgetgr pustgkg. Hgnpbrgl jirbsb agnjgr mgl tgjhi ygla jirdujulagl milagl glghbsbs gbr. Pgmg Pgm g piluhbs piluhbsgl gl hgpcrgl hgpcrgl blb piluhbs piluhbs tbmgk tbmgk simbkb simbkbtt nil nilinu inubb dgnjgtg dgnjgtgl. l. Lgnul Lgn ul jir jirkgt kgt jbnjbl jbnjblagl, agl, grgdgl, grgdgl, mgl mukulagl mukulagl jgbk jgbk sifgrg sifgrg ncrbh ncrbh ngu ngupul pul ngtirbbh mgrb sinug pbdgk, hgpcrgl blb mgpgt tirsihisgbkgl milagl jgbk. Chid kgrilg btu, pgmg kisinpgtgl blb piluhbs blabl nilaufgpkgl tirbng kgsbd kipgmg Ghhgd VQ] mgl ouag Rgla ]irdcrngt ?

7. D. Milb Vuryg Vilogyg, Vilogyg, V.]., V.]., N.N., sihgku Mbriktur Ytgng PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr gtgs pinjirbgl bzbl ultuk pihgksglggl prgkirbl.

=

 

:. Mwbkg Zbglmgrb, N.Vb, sihgku Kipghg Vikchgd VNK- VNGK Jcacr ygla tihgd ninjbnjbla mgl ninjirbkgl lgsidgt ygla sglagt jiraulg.

6. Gmb Aulgmb, V.]. V.]., sihgku Kipghg Jgabgl Prcmuksb. =. Zuhy Vgtrbgmb, sihgku Kgsujjga Hgjcrgtcrbun mgl pinjbnjbla blstglsb. 9. Gsip Rcag Rcag Vulblargt, Vulblargt, V.Vb, sihgku kgsujjga pilachgdgl PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr.

5. Zumb Dirngwgl, V.Vb, sihgku kgsujjga kgsujj ga Vunjir PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr.

1. Z. Zumb Dilmrgkusungd, V.Pm., sihgku pinjbnjbla mgrb sikchgd ygla mukulagllyg mukulagl lyg ultuk piluhbs sihgng sihgng prgkirbl prgkirbl dblaag pilyusulgl hgpcrgl blb.

4. Oilgr ]uloula Grmb, sihgku gsbstil pinjbnjbla mgrb PMGN ygla tihgd ninjglt nin jgltu, u, ninjirb ninjirbkgl kgl krbtbk krbtbk sirtg sirtg sgrgl, sgrgl, mgl nilmuk nilmukula ula piluhbs piluhbs sihgng prgkirbl dblaag pilyusulgl hgpcrgl blb.

2. Gnbhbg Vgrb Adglb, V.V, sihgku Qgkgsik Jbmgla Dujulagl Kirogsgng Blmustrb jisirtg rikgl ygbtu Ju Bkg, Pgk Huhu, mgl Pgk Qgtdgl.

70. Vtgee hgjcrgtcrbun, Bju ]utb, Pgk ]guebk, Pgk Nglaku, Pgk Glmrb, mgl Pgk Gmi Gm i gtgs gtgs jgltug jgltugl, l, kr krbt btbk bk,, sg sgrg rgl, l, si sirt rtg g ngsu ngsukg kgl l yg ygla la sg sglag lagtt jirgr jirgrtb tb sihgng mb hgjcrgtcrbun.

77. Vceygl Vgurb, J.Vf gtgu Pgpgp, tirbngkgsbd tihgd ninjirbkgl bhnu ygla tbmgk sihghu jbsg mbmgpgt mgrb pihgogrgl sikchgd.

7:. Pgp Pgpbd, bd, Ngngd, Ngngd, mgl Zgng, Zgng, tirkgs tirkgsbd bd ygla ygla tihgd tihgd turut turut sirtg sirtg ninjgl ninjgltu tu piluhbs jgbk ncrbh ngupul ngtirbbh.

76. Ghbeg Vghsgjbhhg Milbswgrg, Gl Lur Zglb Vuksisb, N. Mgeeg Glgmb, Lgzbhg Gsng Gs nglg lgmby mbyg, g, mgl mgl Zbzk Zbzkg g Eijr Eijrbg bg Kultg Kultgrb rb si sihg hgku ku ri rikg kgl l si sipi piro rougl uglag agl l nihiwgtb dgrb-dgrb mb PMGN mghgn sukg ngupul mukg.

7=. Kg Kgk k Zbzk Zbzkg, g, Kgk Kgk Cyg, Cyg, Kgk Kgk Ruh uhbb (G (Gfb fbh) h),, mgl mgl Kgk Kgk Glaih Glaih si sihg hgku ku ting tingl l sipirouglagl sitbgp dgrb mb PMGN wghgupul tbmgk inpgy juhgl euhh .

79. N. Zgehy Zgehy,, Ogtb Ogtb Ngstbg Ngstbglg, lg, Lglmg Ayhvyr Ayhvyrg g Ughhitg, ghhitg, Glmbg Glmbg Fbtrg, Fbtrg,

Gdngm Gdngm

Nuogmbm, Dirhblg Eijjygltb, Fgrchblg Fdcbrbgd, Uglbg Mwb Qgrmglb, N. ]sglb Ghvbglmy, ]gsybg Gnglmg Vybeg, Vujdgl Zbzkbyglsygd, Bhdgn Rcag, Ngdmb Gbmbh, Gbmbh, Lbmg Lgebsg, Lgebsg, Hibhbglg Ebdg, Gmblmg Gmblmg Lurdbmgygtb Lurdbmgygtb ygla sumgd nilinglb mgl niwgrlgb dgrb-dgrb sgyg sihgng mb VNGKJC.

75. Zcn Zcnny ny Bdzg, Bdzg, Grbltb Grbltbkg kg Dgrmby Dgrmbygltc gltc,, Fdbkg Fdbkg ]gtzkbg gtzkbg,, Agh Aghud ud Qgdyu Qgdyu Putrb, Putrb, Lcvb Lc vbg g Prgw Prgwbt btgs gsgr grb, b, Zbmw Zbmwgl gl Go Gobb Pr Prgmg gmglg, lg, mgl mgl Viab Viab Ir Irkg kglmb lmbg g si sihg hgku ku

9

 

#VYP #V YPIZ IZ]I ]IGN GN.. ]irbn irbngk gkgs gsbd bd gtgs gtgs

si siagh aghg g

wgkt wgktu, u, ki kirb rbla lagt, gt, pbkb pbkbrgl rgl,,

singlagt, ngrtgjgk, mgl fgppufblc fgppufblc fblfgu  fblfgu pirinpgtgl sitbgp nghgn.

71. Kdghbm Nudgnngm Bjrgdbn, N. Vghngl Ghegrbzzb, Vygdrbh Zgnmdgl Jgdgr Lccr, mgl Bqrgr Dglbe. ]irbngkgsbd sumgd jikirog jirsgng mb AgrumgZgogwghb-Hgkjit.

74. N. Zivghmc mgl Kgk Zbizkb Ghegturrgdngl Rumdg, tirbngkgsbd gtgs siaghg mukulagl, nctbvgsb, mgl fglmg-tgwg mgrb kghbgl.

72. Blmrg, Qbrg, Glgs, mgl Zygl. ]irbngkgsbd sumgd nilogmb sgdgjgt tirjgbk sgyg sihgng sihiksb Jbltgrg PCHZB :074, tirbngkgsbd sumgd nilogag sgyg, nilablagtkgl tiltgla hgpcrgl ygla dgrus mbrivbsb, nilablagtkgl ultuk ultu k sihghu sihghu singla singlagt, gt, nilabla nilablagtk gtkgl gl jgdwg jgdwg sihghu sihghu gmg oghgl oghgl tirjgbk tirjgbk ultuk ultu k kbtg, kbtg, tirbngk tirbngkgsb gsbd d sumgd sumgd sihghu sihghu nilgsi nilgsidgtb dgtb,, tir tirbng bngkgs kgsbd bd sumgd sumgd jirk jirkil ilgl gl nilmi nilmilag lagrr si sinu nug g ki kihu hud d ki kisg sgd d sgyg, sgyg, tir tirbn bngk gkgs gsbd bd su sumg mgd d jirkil jir kilgl gl tirtgw tirtgwg g wghgupu wghgupul l sgyg sgyg agrbla agrbla.. ]irbngk irbngkgsb gsbd d sumgd sumgd nilogm nilogmbb sgumgrg. ]irgkdbr, tirbngkgsbd kgrilg sumgd jirougla jirsgng milagl sgyg. Vinglagt mgl suksis tirus ultuk kbtg, sgnpgb jirtinu mb VPL. Ggnbbl.

:0. Fdrbstcpir, Mwb, Fgrilblg, mgl Lglmg. ]irbngkgsbd sumgd nilogmb tingl sipirouglagl Jbltgrg.

:7. Ng Nguh uh,, ti tirb rbng ngkg kgsb sbd d su sumg mgd d ninj ninjih ihbk bkgl gl sg sgy yg pi pils lsbh bh :J ul ultu tuk k uobg uobgl l gkgm gkgminb inbk k Jb Jblt ltgrg grg mgl ou ouag ag su sumgd mgd jirki jirkilgl lgl sdgrbla sdgrbla   ngsgh ngsghgd gd kbnbg kbnbg milagl sgyg.

::. Kgk Jrbpmg Jrbpmg Glmb Kurlbgw Kurlbgwgl. gl. Vgyg Vgyg ouag ouag jblaula jblaula sijilgr sijilgrlyg lyg kilgpg kilgpg kipbkbrgl dgrus niluhbs lgng kgkgk, tgpb tirbngkgsbd sumgd ngu jirjgab pilaghgngllyg ygla sglagt jglygk kipgmg sgyg. Piluhbs Piluhb s nilygmgrb nilygmgrb jgdwg hgpcrgl hgpcrgl blb ngsbd ogud mgrb kisinpurlggl. kisinpurlggl. Chid Chi d kgrilg kgrilg btu, btu, krbtbk krbtbk mgl sgrgl sgrgl ygla ygla ninjgla ninjglaul ul sglagt sglagt mbdgrg mbdgrgpkgl pkgl chid chid piluhbs nilablagt kitirjgtgsgl ygla mbnbhbkb piluhbs.

Jcacr, Nib :074

Pilyusul,

5

 

F.Mgetgr Bsb

1

 

M.Mgetgr Agnjgr

4

 

I.Mgetgr I. Mgetgr ]gjih ]gjih

2

 

E. Mgetgr Hgnpbrgl

70

 

A.

JGJ B PILMGDYHYGL

G. Hg Hgtg tgrr Ji Jihg hgkg kgla la Kiab Ki abgt gtgl gl

prgk prgktik tik

ki kiro rog g

niru nirupgk pgkgl gl

ku kurb rbku kuhu hun n

pilmb pilmbmb mbkgl kgl Vikch Vikchgd gd

Nililag Nil ilagd d Kiourug Kiourugl l ygla nilmuk nilmukula ula kiabgt kiabgtgl gl jihgogr jihgogr nilago nilagogr gr sbswg sbswg nihghub kiabgtgl prgktik kirog sifgrg hglasula mb mulbg kirog sisugb milagl prcargn stumb tirtiltu ultuk nilfgpgb kigdhbgl kirog sijgagb jikgh ultuk jikiro jik irog g si sifg fgrg rg prcei prceisb sbclg clgh. h. Yltuk Yltuk niwu niwuou oumkg mkgl l tuougl tuougl tirs tirsiju ijut, t, ng ngkg kg mbt mbtirgp irgpkgl kgl sugtu sugtu sb sbstin stin pilmbmb pilmbmbkgl kgl ygla ygla mbkilgh mbkilgh milagl milagl bstbh bstbhgd gd ‘Prgkt ‘Prgktik ik Kiro Ki rog g Bl Blmus mustrb trb„. „. Vb Vbst stin in bl blbb niru nirupgk pgkgl gl su sugtu gtu jiltuk jiltuk pilyi pilyihi hilaa laagr grggl ggl pilmb pil mbmb mbkg kgl l ki kigdh gdhbgl bgl prceis prceisbc bclgh lgh

yg ygla la ning ningmuk mukgl gl si sifg fgrg rg sbst sbstin ingtb gtbs s

prcar prcargn gn pilmb pilmbmb mbkg kgl l mb si sikc kchg hgd d milag milagl l pr prca cargn rgn pilau pilaugs gsggl ggl ki kigdh gdhbgl bgl nihghub kiabgtgl jikirog sifgrg hglasula mgl tirgrgd ultuk nilfgpgb tblakgt kigdhb kig dhbgl gl prceisb prceisbclgh clgh tirtilt tirtiltu. u. Kigdhb Kigdhbgl gl prceisb prceisbclgh clgh dglyg dglyg mgpgt mgpgt mbkugsg mbkugsgbb nihghub fgrg nilairogkgl hglasula pikiroggl pgmg jbmgla prceisb ygla gmg mghgn mulbg kirog. Vidujulagl milagl btu, ngkg sbswg VNK pgmg oilogla tirtiltu mbwgobjkgl nilabkutb kiabgtgl prgktik kirog sifgrg hglasula. VNG VN GK

Jcac Jcacrr

sijg sijgag agbb

VNK mi mila lagl gl kigd kigdhhbgl gl glgh ghbbs

kbnb kbnbg, g, oua uag g

niladgr nil adgrusk uskgl gl pisirt pisirtg g mbmbkl mbmbklyg yg ultuk ultuk nilabku nilabkutb tb prg prgktb ktbk k kirog kirog blm blmust ustrb rb mb jirjgagb tinpgt. Vghgd sgtulyg gmghgd nilabkutb prgktbk kirog blmustrb mb Pirusgdggl Mgirgd Gbr Nblun (PMGN) Kctg Jcacr. Pir irus usgd gdgg ggl l pilmb pil mbst strb rbjus jusbg bgl l

Mgir Mgirgd gd

Gb Gbrr

kc kcls lsun unil illy lyg g

Nbl blun un

(P (PMG MGN N)

jirmg jirmgsg sgrk rkgl gl

Kctg Kctg

su sunj njir ir

Jcac Jcacrr gbr gbr

yg ygla la

ninj ninjga gabb mbnb mbnbhb hbkb kb..

Pinjgabgl tirsijut nilogmb 5 jgabgl, ygbtu ngtg gbr ]glakbh mgl gbr jgku sulagb Fbkiritia ygla tihgd nilaghgnb pilachgdgl mb BPG Fbkiritia ultuk zclg 7, ngtg gbr Jgltgr Kgnjbla ultuk zclg :, zclg 6 jirgsgh mgrb gbr jgku sulagb Fbsgmgli ygla tihgd nilaghgnb pilachgdgl pilachgdgl mb Blstghgsb Blstghgsb Pilachgdgl Gb Gbrr Fb Fbpgk pgku, u, zc zclg lg = jirgs jirgsgh gh mgrb mgrb gb gbrr jgku jgku Vula Vulagb gb Fbsg Fbsgmg mgli li yg ygla la tihg tihgd d nilaghgnb pilachgdgl mb Blstghgsb Pilachgdgl Gbr Mikila, ngtg gbr Pghgsgrb mgl gbr jgku sulagb Fbkclmgla ygla mbchgd mb BPG Pghgsgrb ultuk zclg 9, mgl ngtg gbr Kctg Jgtu ultuk zclg 5. Nihghub jirjgagb sunjir ngtg gbr ygla gmg, PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ngnpu nilaghbrkgl zclg-zclg pihgyglgl gbr nblunly nblunlyg g sipirtb sipirtb pihgyg pihgyglgl lgl gbr gbr.. _clg 9 mbjgdgs mbjgdgs hijbd mghgn mghgn ultuk ultuk nilaitgdub kughbtgs gbr tirsijut. Gbr kclsunil zclg 9 jirgsgh mgrb ngtg gbr Pghgsgrb mgl gbr dgsbh chgdgl BPG Pghgsgrb ygla mbmbstrbjusbkgl ki wbhgygd

77

 

sipirtb sip irtb Pgncyg Pgncyglgl, lgl, Jcacr Jcacr Pgrk Pgrk Zisbmilf Zisbmilfi, i, Pghgsg Pghgsgrb, rb, Pir Pirung ungdgl dgl Kijul Kijul Zgyg Jhck G, Kp Jgjgkgl Vbrlg, Zglaag Nikgr, Jgtutuhbs Zisbmilfi, Pirun Zglaag Nikgr Zisbmil, Pirun Kimgtcl Arglmi, mgl hgbl-hgbl. Lgnul mghgn pilauobgl gkgl mbhgkukgl pgmg sgtu tbtbk ygla tirngsuk ki mghgn ogrblagl zclg 9, ygbtu Pghgsgrb.

J. Ngksu Ngksum m mgl ] ]uougl uougl Pr Prgktb gktbk k Kirog Blm Blmustr ustrbb Jirmgsgrkgl kurbkuhun Vikchgd Nililagd Kiourugl VNGK Jcacr, pgmg sinistir UBBB sbswg mbwgobjkgl ultuk nihgksglgkgl Prgktbk Kirog Blmustrb (PZGKI (PZ GKIZBL ZBL)) mb pirusg pirusgdggl dggl gtgu gtgu blstgls blstglsb. b. Gmgpul tuougl tuougl Prgktb Prgktbk k Kir Kirog og Blmustrb gmghgd? 7. Nilb Nilblak lakgtk gtkgl gl

ki king ngnp npugl ugl mgl ning ninglt ltgpk gpkgl gl ki kitir tirgn gnpb pbhg hgl l

sbsw sbswg g

sijgagb jikgh ygla sisugb milagl prcargn stumb kbnbg glghbsbs. :. Nilunjud Nilunjud kinjglakgl mgl ningltgpgkgl ningltgpgkgl sbkgp prceissbclgh prceissbclgh sbswg mghgn rglakg ningsukb hgpglagl kirog. 6. Nilblakgtkgl Nilblakgtkgl wgwgsgl wgwgsgl sbswg pgmg gspik-gspik gspik-gspik ygla pctilsbgh pctilsbgh mghgn mulbg kirog, gltgrg hgbl? struktur craglbsgsb, mbsphbl, hblakulagl mgl sbstin kirog. =. Nilbla Nilblakgtg kgtgl l pilaitgd pilaitgdugl ugl sbswg sbswg mghgn mghgn dgh nilaaul nilaaulgkg gkgl l blstru blstrunil nil kbnbg kbn bg glghbsb glghbsbs s ygla ygla hijbd hijbd ncmirl ncmirl,, mbj mbjglmb glmblak lakgl gl egsbhb egsbhbtgs tgs ygla ygla mbnbhb mbnbhbkb kb sikchgd. 9. Ninpi inpirc rchhid ngs gsuk ukgl gl sirt sirtg g unpg unpgl l jg jghhbk au aulg lg ninp ninpir irjg jgbbkb mg mgl l nilain nil ainjgla jglakgl kgl kughbtg kughbtgs s pilmbmb pilmbmbkgl kgl mb Vik Vikchg chgd d Nil Nililag ilagd d Kiouru Kiourugl gl VNGK Jcacr. 5. Ninpirk Ninpirkilgh ilghkgl kgl eulasb eulasb mgl tuags tuags sicrgla sicrgla glghbs glghbs kipgmg kipgmg hinjgag hinjgag-hinjgag hin jgag pilihbt pilihbtbgl bgl mgl pirusg pirusgdggl dggl blmust blmustrb rb mb tin tinpgt pgt pihg pihgksg ksglgg lggl l prgkirbl. 1. Ninjirb Ninjirbkgl kgl pihugla pihugla ultuk ultuk pilinpg pilinpgtgl tgl huhusgl huhusgl mgl kirogs kirogsgng gng ygla ygla hijbd jgbk hgab.

F. ]uougl P Piluhb iluhbsgl sgl Hg Hgpcrg pcrgl l Prgk Prgkirbl irbl Pgmg Pgm g gkdbr gkdbr Prgktb Prgktbk k Kirog Kirog Blmustr Blmustrb, b, sbswg sbswg mbw mbwgob gobjkg jkgl l ninjugt ninjugt hgpcrg hgpcrgl l ygla nirupgkgl mckunil mgl juktb tglaaula ogwgj sihgng nihgksglgk nihgksglgkgl gl prgkirb prgk irbl. l. Gmgpul Gmgpul bsb hgpcrgl hgpcrgl mbkgbt mbkgbtkgl kgl milagl milagl kiabgtgl kiabgtgl ygla ygla mbhgku mbhgkukgl kgl sihgng prgkirbl. Piluhbsgl hgpcrgl blb jirtuougl?

7.

Ning Ni ngltg ltgpk pkgl gl sb sbsw swg g mghgn mghgn pilai pilainj njgla glagl gl mgl mgl pilir pilirgpg gpgl l

pihgogrgl mgrb sikchgd mb blstbtusb tinpgt prgkirbl.

7:

 

:.

Vbswg

mgpgt

ninjugt

hgpcrgl

kirog

mgl

ninpirtglaaulaogwgjkgllyg.

6.

Vbswg ngnpu nilfgrb ghtirlgtbe hgbl mghgn pilyihisgbgl ngsghgd

glghbsbs kbnbg sifgrg hijbd rblfb mgl nilmghgn.

=.

Nilgnjgd kchiksb pustgkg mb pirpustgkggl sikchgd ngupul mb

blstglsb prgkirbl, sidblaag mgpgt nilblakgtkgl pilaitgdugl, jgbk jgab piluhbs ngupul pgrg pinjgfg.

76

 

D.JGJ BB BLV]B]YVB ]INPG] PZGK]BK KIZOG BLMYV]ZB G. Viogr Viogrgd gd m mgl gl Pi Pirkin rkinjgla jglagl gl PMG PMGN N ]br ]brtg tg P Pgkug gkugl l Kct Kctg g Jca Jcacr cr Pirusgdggl Mgirgd Gbr Nblun (PMGN) ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr gmghgd pirusgdggl nbhbk pinirbltgd mgirgd Kctg jcacr ygla jirairgk mb jbmgla pilachgdgl gbr nblun. PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr jirkgltcr pusg pusgtt mb Og Oghg hgl l Vb Vbhb hbwg wglab lab Lc.7: Lc.7:7 7 Jcacr Jcacr 757=: 757=:.. Vi Vimgl mglak akgl gl ultuk ultuk pilachgdgl gbrlyg gmg =, ygbtu?

7. :. 6. =.

Oghgl Mikila Misg Ailtila Oghgl Zgyg Fbpgku Lc.4 Oghgl Pghgsgrb Oghgl Zglfgngyg Fbkgh jgkgh PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr gmghgd pirusgdggl

mgirg mgirgd d gb gbrr nblun nblun Ainiii Ainiiilti lti Qgtirhibmb Qgtirhibmbla la Jubtilzcra Jubtilzcra   ygla mbjglaul chid pinirbltgd Jihglmg pgmg tgdul 7274. Pgmg wgktu btu dglyg gmg sgtu sunjir ngtg gbr ygbtu ngtg gbr Kctg Jgtu milagl kgpgsbtgs prcmuksb 10 hbtir pir mitbk. Pgmg tg Pgmg tgdu dul l 72 7251 51 PMGN PMGN Kctg Kctg Jcac Jcacrr nilg nilgnj njgd gd kg kgpg pgsb sbtg tgs s prcmuksbb mgrb Ngtg Gbr prcmuks Gbr Jgltgr Kgnjbla milagl mijbt gbr sijisgr 710 hbtir pir mitbk mgl sunjir Ngtg Gbr Gbr ]glakbh ]glakbh pgmg tgdul 7216 milagl mijbt gbr sijisgr 710 hbtir pir mitbk. PMGN Kctg Jcacr sijgagb Jgmgl Ysgdg Nbhbk Mgir Mg irgd gd sifg sifgrg rg ri risn snbb ji jirm rmbr brbb tg tgla laag aghh 67 Ngri Ngritt 72 7211 11 ji jirm rmgs gsgr grkg kgl l Pirgturgl Pirgtu rgl Mgirgd Kctg Jcacr Lc. 9 mgl mbsgdkgl chid Aujirlur Mgirgd ]blakgt B Ogwg Jgrgt. Pgmg tgdul 7246 PMGN Kctg Jcacr nirbltbs kirog sgng milagl pirusgdggl gbr nblun Jihglmg ygbtu LU PQL (Prcvblfbggh  ( Prcvblfbggh  Qgtir Qg tirhib hibmbl mbla a Jimrbe Jimrbeee Ugl Ugl Lccrm Lccrm Dchhgl Dchhglm  m ) mgl gtgs gtgs ulmgl ulmglag agl l BQGF BQGFC C tiroghbl kirog sgng twbllbla twbllbla ultuk  ultuk kurul wgktu 70 tgdul (7241-7221) ygla mbjgab mghgn = tgdul. Milagl singkbl jirtgnjgdlyg pilmumuk Kctg Jcacr Jca cr,, ngkg ngkg mbjglau mbjglaul l blstgh blstghgsb gsb pilachgd pilachgdgl gl jgru mb Mikila Mikila (Jcacr (Jcacr Vihgtgl) Vihgt gl) ygla uob fcjglyg mbhgkukgl pgmg juhgl Gaustus Gaustus mgl Viptinjir Viptinjir 7221 7221 mi mila lagl gl ri rilf lfgl glg g kg kgpg pgsb sbtg tgs s pr prcm cmuk uksb sb =0 =00 0 hbti hbtirr pi pirr mi mitb tbk k mg mgl l tirigh tir ighbsg bsgsbk sbkgl gl

nilogm nilogmbb 7.000 7.000 hbtir pir mitbk pgmg tgdul :009 milagl

nihgkukgl up-rgtbla up-rgtbla.. Pgmg tgdul :00:, PMGN Kctg Jcacr nilaghgnb piragltbgl lgng mgl hcac jgru jirmgsgrkgl jirmgsgrkgl Vurgt Kiputusgl Qgh Qghbkctg bkctg Jcacr Lc. 007.=9=1 tgdul :00: tglaagh :2 Gprbh :00:, tiltgla pilitgpgl hcac jgru PMGN Kctg Kct g Jcacr Jcacr mgl pilgnjg pilgnjgdgl dgl lgng lgng ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Pgkugl.. Lgn Lgng g pirusgd pirusgdggl ggl kinumbgl nilogmb PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr.

7=

 

PMGN PM GN ]brtg brtg Pgku Pgkugl gl Kctg Kctg Jcac Jcacrr tihgd tihgd niri nirisn snbk bkgl gl Ngtg Ngtg Gb Gbrr Pghgsgrb Pghgs grb pgmg tgdul :002. Kgpgsbtgs ygla mbngleggtkgl sijisgr 60 hbtir pir mitbk ygla sikgrgla sikgrgla nilogmb nilogmb 74 hbtir hbtir pir mitbk mitbk mgl blstgh blstghgsb gsb Qgtir  ]rigtnilt Phglt  (Q]P)  (Q]P) ygla jirkgpgsbtgs :0 hbtir pir mitbk. Prcmuksb tctgh PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr pgmg juhgl Eijrugrb :074 gmghgd sijisgr :.0:5 hbtir pir mitbk ygla :0% lyg jirgsgh mgrb inpgt ngtg gbr ygbtu, ] ]glakb glakbh, h, Kctg Jgtu, Pghgsgrb, Pghgsgrb, mgl Jgltgr Kgnjbla Kgnjbla sirt sirtg g 40 40% % mg mgrb rb gb gbrr pi pirn rnuk ukgg ggl l yg ygbt btu u dg dgsb sbhh pi pila lach chgd gdgl gl gbr gbr Vula Vulagb gb Fbsgmgli, Vulagb Fbkclmgla, mgl Vulagb Fbkiritia. Ounhgd prcmuksb gbr ygla mbhgkukgl chid PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr nihghub kghkuhgsb sisu sisugb gb kiju kijutu tudg dgl l pi pihg hgla laag agl, l, dg dghh blb blb mbtu mbtuou oukg kgl l ga gagr gr tbmg tbmgk k tiro tirogm gmbb kikurglagl pgsckgl gbr jirsbd gtgu kinujgmzbrgl gbr. Miwgsg blb PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr tihgd jirpimcngl pgmg BVC 2007 nilailgb nilailgb sinug sinug sbstin sbstin ygla ygla tirfgk tirfgkup up mb mgh mghgnly gnlyg. g. Vimglakgl kdusus ultuk jgabgl hgjcrgtcrbun jirpimcngl kipgmg BVC 710:9?:009. Ubsb PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr gmghgd PMGN sidgt nihghub tgtg kihchg ygla jgbk (Accm ( Accm Fcrpcrgti Fcrpcrgti Acvirlglfi) Acvirlglfi)   mghgn niwuoumkgl pihgyglgl prbng kipgmg pihglaagl. Nbsb PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ygbtu pirtgng nilblakgtkgl fgkupgl pihgyglgl milagl tirpiludbly tirpiludblyg g kughbtgs, kughb tgs, kugltbtgs, mgl kcltblubtgs kcltblubtgs ultuk nilfgpgb nilfgpgb ngsygrgkgt ngsygrgkgt sidgt. Kimug Kim ug bgh bghgd gd nilbla nilblakgt kgtkgl kgl kbliro kblirog g nihghu nihghubb pila pilaihc ihchgg hggl l ygla ygla ieiktbe ieiktbe,, iebsbil, mgl jirwgwgsgl hblakulagl milagl VMN ygla jirkughbtgs.

J.

Eg Egsb sbhbt hbtgs gs P PMG MGN N] ]br brtg tg P Pgk gkug ugl l Kc Kctg tg Jc Jcac acrr Egsbhbtgs pilmukula ygla tirsimbg mb PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr nihbputb? PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ninbhbkb egsbhbtgs pilmukula ygla ningmgb. Jijirgpg egsbhbtgs pilmukula PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ygbtu sijgagb jirbkut?

7. Zisirvcbr g. Zisirvcbr ygla tirhitgk mb Fbpgku milagl kgpgsbtgs 2.000 n6. j. Zisirvcbr ygla tirhitgk mb Zglfgngyg milagl kgpgsbtgs 6.000 n6. f. Zisirvcbr ygla tirhitgk mb Oh. Pgogogrgl milagl kgpgsbtgs 7:.000 n6.

m. Zisirvcbr ygla tirhitgk mb Kctg Jgtu milagl kgpgsbtgs :.000 n 6. i. Zisirvcbr ygla tirhitgk mb Pghgsgrb milagl kgpgsbtgs :.000 n 6. 79

 

:. Qgt gtir ir Bltgk Bltgki i Vt Vtgtb gtbcl cl Vulag Vulagbb Fbsgm Fbsgmgli gli yg ygla la tirhi tirhitgk tgk mb Fbdir Fbdirgla gla Pclmck, Fbkiritia, mgl Fbpgku. Vimglakgl ultuk Pghgsgrb tiritgk mb Fbkclmgla. Vgrglg mgl prgsgrglg ygla tirmgpgt mb blstghgsb pilachgdgl gbr Fbpgku mbgltgrglyg?

g.

Jglaulgl Pilachgdgl Gbr

j.

Jglaulgl Zugla Cpirgtcr

f.

Jilakih Nitir

m. Hgjcrgtcrbun Vgrglg mgl prgsgrglg ygla tirmgpgt mb blstghgsb pilachgdgl gbr Fbpgku, mbgtgrglyg?

7. Jglaulgl Pilachgdgl Gbr. :. Zuglagl cpirgtcr. 6. Jilakih Nitir. =. Hgjcrgtcrbun.

F.

Vt Vtru rukt ktur ur Cr Crag aglb lbsg sgsb sb m mgl gl ]ua uags gs P Pck ckck ck Jirmgs Jir mgsgrk grkgl gl Pirgtur Pirgturgl gl Qghb Qghbkct kctg g Lc. :: tgdul tgdul :077, :077, pilaihch pilaihchggl ggl pirusgdggl mbpbnpbl chid mbriksb ygla tirmbrb mgrb Mbriktur Ytgng ygla ninjgwgdb Mbriktur Ynun mgl Mbriktur ]iklbk ygla jirtglaaula ogwgj kipgmg Qghbkctg Qghbkctg nihghub nihghub Jgmgl Pilagwgs. Mbriktur Ynun mgl Mbriktur Mbriktur ]iklbk ninj injgwg gwgdb jiji ijirgpg Kipgh ipghg g Jgabg abgl mgl Kipgh pghg Jgabg abgl ninjgwgdb jijirgpg Kipghg Vujjgabgl. PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ninpulygb mug eulasb unun, ygbtu eula eu lasb sb ik ikcl clcn cnbb

mg mgl l

eu eula lasb sb scs csbg bghh.

]ua uags gs pc pck kck

PMGN PMGN gm gmgh ghgd gd

nilaus nila usgdg gdgkg kgl l pily pilyimb imbgg ggl l gb gbrr jirs jirsbd bd ultuk ultuk ki kijut jutudg udgl l ngsy ngsygr grgk gkgt gt sifgrg ngngmgb, nirgtg, mgl jirkisblgnjulagl. Vihgbl btu PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr nilogmb sunjir PGM (Pilmgpgtgl Gshb Mgirgd) jgab kctg Jcacr sidblaag mgpgt nilblakgtkgl pihgyglgl mgl ninjirbkgl ngleggt ultuk pinirbltgd Kctg Jcacr.

M. Ki Kiti tilg lgag agki kiro rogg ggl l Kgrygwgl PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr pgmg ununlyg jikirog mgrb dgrb Vilbl sgnpgb Oungt, nuhgb pukuh 01.60 ‖ 75.60 QBJ. Kgrygwgl pgmg Vujjgabgl Pilachgdgl, Vujjgabgl Vunjir, Vujjgabgl ]rglsnbsb mgl Mbstrb Mbstrbjus jusb, b, Jgabgl Jgabgl Vgtugl Vgtugl Kigngl Kignglgl gl mgl Vujjgab Vujjgabgl gl kijcfc kijcfcrgl rgl ninbhbkb ninb hbkb ogn kirog ygla jirjimg ygbtu milagl sbstin sdbet . Vitbgp Vitbgp sdbet 

75

 

jikirog jikiro g jiragltbgl sihgng sihgng := ogn. Vdbet  pirtgng   pirtgng mbnuhgb pukuh 01.00 ‖ 79 79.0 .00 0 QBJ QBJ, sdbet   ki mu mug g mb mbnu nuhg hgbb pu puku kuhh 79 79.0 .00 0 ‖ :6 :6.0 .00 0 QBJ QBJ, mg mgl l sdbet  tirgkdbr mbnuhgb pukuh :6.00 ‖ 01.00 QBJ, kifughb Vujjgabgl Vunjir ygla ygla ninp ninpul ulyg ygbb og ogn n ki kiro rog g 7: ogn, ogn, Vbst Vbstin in pi pila laag agob obgl gl kg kgry rygw gwgl gl mbh mbhgku gkukgl kgl pgmg gkdbr gkdbr juhglly juhgllyg. g. Kgrygw Kgrygwgl gl PMGN PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Pgkugl Kctg Kctg Jcacr Jca cr tirngs tirngsuk uk ki mghgn mghgn glaactg glaactg KCZPZB KCZPZB mgl nilabku nilabkutb tb pirg pirgturg turgl l piagwgb liairb wghgupul sijilgrlyg jukgl piagwgb liairb.]irfgtgt pir Oglugrb :074 , ounhgd tilgag kirog mb PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ygbtu sijglygk 506 crgla kgrygwgl. ]irmbrb mgrb 624 crgla piagwgb titgp, pi piki kiro rog g kclt kcltrg rgk k wgkt wgktu u ti tirt rtil iltu tu (P (PKQ KQ]) ]) :: cr crgl gla, a, mg mgl l pi piag agwg wgbb cutscurfdbla sijglygk cutscurfdbla  sijglygk 746 crgla.

I.

Kiabgtgl P Pi irusgdggl PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr tihgd nihgksglgkgl siaghg usgdg ygla jirdujulagl hglasula milagl pilyimbggl mgl mbstrbjusb gbr nblun ygla niniludb pirsygrgtgl kisidgtgl jgab sinug wgrag, PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr nihgksglgkgl kiabgtgl sijgagb jirbkut? 7. Nil Nilaus ausgdgk gdgkgl gl pilyimb pilyimbggl ggl gbr nblun nblun sis sisugb ugb milagl milagl prcargn prcargn pinirbltgd mgirgd.

:. Ninjglaul, nilaihchg sirtg ninihbdgrg blstghgsb sunjir ngtg gbr mgl pilybnpglgllyg.

6. Ningsgla mgl ninihbdgrg pbpg blmuk mgl mbstrbjusb sirtg egsbhbtgs hgbllyg.

E.

Hg Hgjc jcrg rgtc tcrb rbun un PMG PMGN N] ]br brtg tg Pg Pgku kugl gl Kc Kctg tg Jc Jcac acrr PMGN PMG N ]b ]brtg rtg Pgkugl Pgkugl Kctg Kctg Jcacr Jcacr nin ninpuly pulygb gb sijugd sijugd Hgjcrgtc Hgjcrgtcrbu rbun n yg ygla la jire jireula ulasb sb ultuk ultuk nilai nilaitgd tgdub ub ku kugh ghbt btgs gs gbr gbr yg ygla la mbaul mbaulgk gkgl gl chid chid kclsun kcl sunil. il. Dgh blb sglagt piltbla piltbla gagr PMGN mgpgt mgpgt nilaclt nilacltrch rch gtgu nilo ni logag gag ku kugh ghbt btgs gs gb gbrr yg ygla la mb mbdgs dgsbh bhkgl kgl si sisu sugb gb milag milagl l stglm stglmgr gr yg ygla la mbaulgkgl, ygbtu Pirnilkis Zipujhbk Blmclisbg. Kia iabbgt gtgl gl

ygl gla a

mb mbhhgk gkuk ukgl gl

chid chid

ul ulbbt

kir iroog

hgjc hgjcrg rgtc tcrb rbun un

ygbtu gbtu

nihgksglgkgl kiabgtgl glghbsbs tirdgmgp kughbtgs gbr, jgbk mgrb sunjir ngtg gbr, gbr pirnukggl, dgsbh ulbt pilachgdgl, ogrblagl pbpg mbstrbjusb ngupul pihglaagl. Dgsbh uob kughbtgs gbr tirsijut kinumbgl mbhgpcrkgl kipgmg Kipghg Jgabgl Prcmuksb mgl mbhgloutkgl kipgmg Mbriksb.

71

 

A.

Vbstin P Prrcmuksb Prcmuksb gmghgd sugtu kiabgtgl nilaujgd sugtu jgdgl gtgu jgrgla gtgu ogsg ygla mgpgt niladgsbhkgl lbhgb tgnjgd jgbk sifgrg ngleggt gtgu gtgu ikcl ikclcn cnb. b.Yl Yltuk tuk ninp ninprc rcmu muks ksbb gbr gbr jgab jgab kc kcls lsun unil, il, PMGN PMGN ]brtg brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr nihgkukgl : oilbs pilachgdgl pilachgdgl gbr ygbtu, pilachgdgl pilachgdgl hi hila lakg kgp p mgl pilach pilachgd gdgl gl si sijga jgabg bgl. l. Pilac Pilachg hgdg dgl l hila hilakgp kgp mbhg mbhgku kukg kgl l ti tird rdgm gmgp gp gb gbrr pi pirn rnuk ukgg ggl l si sipi pirt rtb, b, gbr gbr su sula lagb gb Fbsg Fbsgmg mgli li,, gbr gbr su sula lagb gb Fbkclmgla, mgl gbr sulagb Fbkiritia sijgagb gbr jgkulyg. Gbr jgku blb dgrus mbchgd nihghub prcsis piloirlbdgl gbr gagr niladgsbhkgl gbr ygla sisugb milagl pirsygrgtgl. Yrutgl prcsis pilachgdgl ygla mbhgkukgl mb Q]P sifgrg unun gmghgd sijgagb jirbkut?

Prgsimbniltgsbb  Kcgauhgsb  Ehckuhgsb  Vimbniltgsb  Girgsb Prgsimbniltgs Girgsb  Ebhtrgsb  Misbleiksb  Zisirvcbr Pihglaagl

7. Prb Prblsb lsbp p mgrb mgrb prcsis prcsis prgsimb prgsimbnil niltgs tgsbb blb gmgh gmghgd gd pilailm pilailmgpgl gpgl ygla ygla mbhgkukgl sifgrg ghgnb milagl pgrtbkih ygla ninbhbkb jirgt oilbs (jo  ( jo ) hijbd jisgr mgrb gbr, mgl gkgl nilailmgp sifgrg ghgnb tglpg dgrus nilgnjgdkgl zgt kbnbg.

:. Kcga Kcgauhg uhgsb sb gmghgd gmghgd sugtu sugtu prcsis prcsis pilgnjg pilgnjgdgl dgl silygwg silygwg kcgauh kcgauhgl gl mbbkutb milagl pilagmukgl fipgt ultuk ninjiltuk kchcbm.

6. Ehckuh Ehckuhgsb gsb nirupgkgl prcsis pinjiltukgl pinjiltukgl mgl pilaagjulagl pilaagjulagl ehck mbbkutb milagl pilagmukgl hgnjgt.

=. Vimbn Vimbniltgsb iltgsb gmghgd prcsis pilailmgpgl ehck-ehck ygla tirjilttuk tirjilttuk mgrb ehckuhgsb, ehck ninbhbkb jo  ygla  ygla hijbd jisgr mgrb gbr sidblaag gkgl turul nilailmgp.

9. Girgsb nirupgkgl prcsis tirogmblyg kcltgk gltgrg gbr milagl umgrg ji jijg jgs s ygl gla a ji jirrtu tuooug ugl l ul ultu tuk k nil ilgn gnjg jgd d nilaurglab kglmulagl FC: mghgn gbr.

kgl glmu mula lagl gl C:  mgl

5. Ebhtr Ebhtrgsb gsb gmghgd prcsis pilygrblagl pilygrblagl pgrtbkih-pgr pgrtbkih-pgrtbkih tbkih ehck dghus ygla hchcs mgrb milagl pilagmukgl fipgt ultuk ninjiltuk kchcbm milagl pilagmukgl hgnjgt.

1. Mi Misb sble leik iksb sb

gm gmgh ghgd gd

pr prcs csis is

pi pilg lgnj njgd gdgl gl

mi misb sble leik iktg tgl l

ul ultu tuk k

niladbhglakgl kungl gtgu jgktirb mghgn gbr. Yltuk Q]P. Pghgsgrb misbleiktgl ygla mbaulgkgl gmghgd kgpcrbt, simglakgl ultuk ygla hgbllyg nilaaulgkgl ags ag s khcr. Pilachgdgl sijgabgl mbhgkukgl tirdgmgp gbr ygla jirgsgh mgrb ngtg gbr. Pgmg prcsis pilachgdgl ngtg gbr, dglyg mbhgkukgl prcsis misbleiksb

74

 

sgog.Vitihgd nihghub prcsis pilachgdgl, sinug gbr mgrb ngtg gbr mgl gbr pirnukggl pirnuk ggl ygla tihgd niniludb pisygrgtgl pisygrgtgl mbkunpuhkgl mbkunpuhkgl mghgn wgmgd jisgr jis gr ygbtu ygbtu risirv risirvcbr cbr.. Kinumb Kinumbgl gl sbgp sbgp mbmbs mbmbstrb trbjusb jusbkgl kgl nihghu nihghubb sbstin sbstin pirpbpggl kipgmg sihurud kclsunil gtgu pihglaagl. Vitihgd nihghub prcsis pilachgdgl, sinug gbr; jgbk btu mgrb ngtg gbr mgl gbr pirnukggl ygla tihgd niniludb pisygrgtgl mbtgnpula mghgn  wgmgd jisgr ygbtu risirvcbr. Kinumbgl sbgp mbmbstrbjusbkgl nihghub sbstin pirpbpggl kipgmg sihurud kclsunil gtgu pihglaagl.

D.

Jgku Nu Nuttu Vtglmgr Kughbtgs Gbr Mghgn Mgh gn rglakg rglakg nilbla nilblakgt kgtkgl kgl mirgogt mirgogt kis kisidgt idgtgl gl mgl pilagwg pilagwgsgl sgl ku kugh ghbt btgs gs gb gbrr yg ygla la mb mbau aulgk lgkgl gl ngsy ngsygr grgk gkgt gt si sirt rtg g gagr gagr tird tirdbl blmgr mgr mgrb mgrb aglaaugl agla augl kisidgt kisidgtgl gl ygla ygla tbmgk tbmgk mbblabl mbblablkgl kgl ngkg ngkg stglmgr stglmgr kughb kughbtgs tgs gbr jirsbd mb Blmclisbg tihgd mbtitgpkgl nihghub Pirgturgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Zipujhb k Blmclisbg Blmclisbg lcncr? 6: ]gdul :071 tiltgla Vtglmgr Jgku Nutu Kisidgtgl Hblakulagl mgl Pirsygrgtgl Kisidgtgl Gbr ultuk Kipirhugl Db Dbab abili ili Vglb Vglbtgs tgsb, b, Kchg Kchgn n Zilgl Zilgla, a, Vc Vchu hus s pir Gqug Gqug,, mgl Ping Pinglmb lmbgl gl Ynun. Gb Gbrr yg ygla la mb mbmb mbst strb rbjus jusbk bkgl gl ki pihgla pihglaag agl l tirhi tirhijb jbd d muhu muhu mbpi mbpirb rbks ksg g mb hg hgjc jcrg rgtc tcrb rbun un

mi mila lagl gl

nila nilagf gfu u

pg pgmg mg

stgl stglmg mgrr

Pirg Pirgtu turg rgl l

Nilt Niltir irbb

Kisidgt Kis idgtgl gl Zipujhb Zipujhbk k Blmclisb Blmclisbg g Lc. =2:/Nil =2:/Nilkis kis/Pi /Pir/BU r/BU/:07 /:070 0 tiltgla tiltgla kughbtgs gbr nblun ygla mbpirbksg sitbgp dgrb. Kughbtgs gbr ygla mbmbstrbjusbkgl, mbpirbksg sitbgp dgrb milagl fgrg nilagn nil agnjbh jbh fcltcd fcltcd gbr pgmg pbpg pbpg mbstrb mbstrbjusb jusb utgng pgmg risirv risirvcbr cbr,, mgl pilagnjbhgl fcltcd mgrb pihglaagl, sgtu nblaau sijglygk tbag fcltcd niwgkb niw gkbhb hb mgirgd mgirgd mbstrb mbstrbjus jusbb ygla ygla mbgnjb mbgnjbhh sif sifgrg grg gfgk gfgk pgmg pgmg jijirgpg jijirgpg pihglaagl. Kughbtgs gbr sunjir mbpirbksg sgtu nblaau sikghb nilagfu pgmg Pirgturgl Pirgturgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Blmclisbg lcncr 6: ]gdul :071 tiltgla Vtglmgr Jgku Nutu Kisidgtgl Hblakulagl mgl Pirsygrgtgl Kisidgtgl Kisidgt gl Gbr ultuk Kipirhugl Dbabili Vglbtgsb, Vglbtgsb, Kchgn Zilgla, Vchus  pir Gqug, Gqug, mg mgl l Ping Pinglm lmbg bgl l Ynun Ynun,, si simg mgla lakg kgl l ul ultu tuk k gbr gbr kc kcls lsun unsb sb mbpirbksg mgl mbsisugbkgl milagl Pirgturgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Lc. =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 tiltgla pirsygrgtgl gbr jirsbd. Vihgbl Vih gbl btu Kinilti Kiniltirbg rbgl l Kisidgt Kisidgtgl gl Zipujhb Zipujhbk k Blm Blmclis clisbg bg nih nihghu ghubb Mblgs Mblgs Kisidgtgl Kctg Jcacr nihgkukgl pinirbksggl sitbgp 5 juhgl sikghb.

72

 

B.

Vbstin mgl Mgirgd Mbstrbjusb Kuglt Ku gltbt btgs gs gb gbrr yg ygla la fu fuku kup, p, ku kugh ghbt btgs gs yg ygla la jgbk jgbk mgl mgl dgra dgrag g gbr gbr yg ygla la tiroglakgu chid sinug hgpbsgl ngsygrgkgt mbogmbkgl sijgagb sygrgt sugtu sb sbst stin in pily pilyimb imbgg ggl l gb gbrr, si sihg hgbl bl jirmg jirmgsg sgrk rkgl gl ounh ounhgd gd pilmu pilmumuk muk,, pchg pchg ngsygrgkgt mgl tcpcargeb mgirgd ygla jirjimg. Mbstrbjusb gbr chid PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr mbhgkukgl milagl mug fgrg. Fgrg pirtgng ygla pghbla mcnblgl, ygbtu hglasula mbghbrkgl milagl agyg argvbtgsb, kgrilg sijgabgl jisgr mgirgd mbstrbjusb tirhitgk mb mgtgrgl ygla hijbd rilmgd mgrb egsbhbtgs prcmuksb. Fgrg ki mug milagl jgltugl jccstir punp ultuk punp ultuk mgirgd mbstrbjusb ygla hijbd tblaab. Milagl minbkb min bkbgl gl PMGN PMGN ]b ]brtg rtg Pgkugl Pgkugl Kctg Kctg Jca Jcacr cr mgpgt mgpgt nilmbs nilmbstrb trbjus jusbkg bkgl l gbr nblun nirgtg sisugb milagl kijutudgl kclsunil. Jirbkut blb gmghgd prcmuksb gbr PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr pir Eijrugrb :074 ?

7. Prc Prcmuk muksb sb gbr mgrb Ngtg Ngtg Gbr Gbr ]glakbh glakbh nilfgpg nilfgpgbb 27.56 27.56 Hbtir/m Hbtir/mitb itbk, k, nihgyglb pihglaagl zclg 7 (sijgabgl Jcacr Vihgtgl).

:. Prcm Prcmuk uksb sb gb gbrr mgrb mgrb Ngtg Ngtg Gbr Gbr Jgl Jgltgr tgr Kgn Kgnjb jbla la nilf nilfgpg gpgbb

769 769

Hbt Hbtir/m ir/mitb itbk, k, nihgyg nihgyglb lb pihglaag pihglaagl l zclg : (Aulula (Aulula Agmula Agmula dblaag dblaag Fbpgku) mgl sijgabgl ultuk ninjgltu nihgyglb pihglaagl zclg 6 nihghub risirvcbr Fbpgku.

6. Prc Prcmuk muksb sb Q]P Fbpgku Fbpgku nilfgpg nilfgpgbb :41.60 :41.60 Hbtir/ Hbtir/mitb mitbk, k, nih nihgyg gyglb lb pihgl pih glaag aagl l zc zclg lg 6 (sijg (sijgab abgl gl Jcac Jcacrr ]bnu ]bnurr mgl mgl si sijga jgabg bgl l Jcacr Jcacr Vihgtgl).

=. Prcmuk Prcmuksb sb Q]P Mikila nilfgpgb 762:.2: Hbtir/mitbk, Hbtir/mitbk, nihgy nihgyglb glb pihglaagl zclg = (sihurud Jcacr Ytgrg, ]glgd Vgrigh, Jcacr ]ilagd, sijgabgl Jcacr Jgrgt mgl Jcacr ]bnur ).

9. Prcmuksb gbr mgrb Ngtg Gbr Pghgsgrb mgl Q]P Pghgsgrb nilfgpgb 60.22 Hbtir/mitbk, nihgyglb pihglaagl zclg 9 (Jcacr Vihgtgl).

5. Prcmuk Prcmuksb sb gbr mgrb Ngtg Gbr Kctg Jgtu nilfgpgb 54.9= Hbtir/mitbk, Hbtir/mitbk, nihgy gyg glb

pihgla glaagl

zclg clg

5

(sijga jgabgl

Jcacr acr

Jgr grg gt)

mgl

tirbltirkcliksb milagl pihgyglgl zclg 6.

1. Pcr Pcrcmuk cmuksb sb gbr mgrb Q]P Fbkiriti Fbkiritia a nilfgpg nilfgpgbb :0 hbtir hbtir pir mitbk, mitbk, nihgyglb pihglaagl zclg 7. (Hgpcrgl (Hgpcrg l Prcmuksb Prcmuksb PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr juhgl Oglugrb :074)

:0

 

PMGN PMG N jirusgd jirusgdg g nilmbs nilmbstrb trbjus jusbkg bkgl l gbr ki mghgn mghgn pihgyg pihgyglgl lgl sifgrg sifgrg nirgtg sisugb sisugb milagl kijutudgl ngsbla-ngsb ngsbla-ngsbla. la. Vggt blb PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr nilmbstrbjusbkgl gbr ki ngsygrgkgt sihgng := ogn sidgrb milagl kbsgrgl tikglgl 7,9 ‖ :,0 gtn. Pgmg mgirgd ygla jihun tiroglakgu chid PMGN ygla sihgng blb ngsbd nilaaulgkgl gbr sulagb gtgu gbr sunur ultuk kijutudgl sidgrb-dgrb, PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr ninj Jcacr ninjgla glaul ul ]irnb irnblgh lgh Gb Gbrr Dbmr Dbmrgl gl Ynun Ynun (]GD (]GDY) Y).. Pr Prcy cyik ik blb blb mb mbjg jgla laul ul mi mila lagl gl mg mglg lg jg jglt ltug ugl l blst blstru ruks ksbb Auji Aujirl rlur ur Og Ogwg wg Jgrg Jgrgtt 7227/722:, simglakgl ultuk ngsygrgkgt ygla kurgla ngnpu, mbjglaul sbstin pihgyglgl nihghub krgl unun.

:7

 

B. JGJ BBB KIABG KIABG]G ]GL L MB HGJCZG]CZBYN HGJCZG]CZBYN G. Hg Hgtg tgrr Ji Jihg hgkg kgla la Gbr gmghgd gmghgd ngtirb ngtirbgh gh pghbla pghbla jirhbnp jirhbnpgd gd mb jun junb, b, jir jirkbs kbsgr gr 17% nilutup nilutupbb pirnukggl junb. ]ujud nglusbg tirmbrb mgrb 59% gbr mgl sihurud prcsis kbnbg mghgn tujud ngkdhuk dbmup jirhglasula mghgn nimbg gbr (Kuslgimb :00:). Mghgn kidbmupgl sidgrb-dgrb, gbr mbaulgkgl ultuk jirjgagb kipirhugl, nbsghlyg ultuk rungd tglaag, pirtglbgl, trglspcrtgsb, mgl rikrigsb. Mghgn blmustrb, gbr mbaulgkgl gltgrg hgbl sijgagb jgdgl pilachgd, pilmblabl, mgl pinjglakbt tilgag. Pirusgdggl Mgirgd Gbr Nblun (PMGN) ]brtg Pgkugl nirupgkgl sghgd sgtu sgtu pi piru rusg sgdg dggl gl nbhb nbhbk k pi pini nirb rblt ltgd gd kc kctg tg Jcac Jcacrr yg ygla la ji jira rair irgk gk mg mghg hgn n pilaus pil ausgdg gdggl gl gb gbrr nblun nblun ultuk ultuk nini ninilu ludb db ki kiju jutud tudgl gl ngsy ngsygr grgk gkgt gt yg ygla la singkbl nilblakgt tirdgmgp gbr jirsbd mgl gbr nblun. Gbr ygla jirkughbtgs ninirh nin irhukg ukgl l pilagwgs pilagwgsgl gl ygla ygla jgbk, jgbk, pila pilagwgs gwgsgl gl ygla mbhgku mbhgkukgl kgl chid chid PMGN

]brtg

Pgkugl

sisugb

milagl

pirgturgl

Nilkis

Lc.

=2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun. Pirusgdggl Mgirgd Gbr Nblun (PMGN) Kctg Jcacr nihgkukgl uob kughbtgs gbr sifgrg rutbl ultuk nilogag kughbtgs gbr gagr sisugb milagl pirsygrgtg pirsygrgtgl l nutu gbr, gbr, ngkg ngkg ultuk ultuk hgpcrgl hgpcrgl tuags gkdbr gkdbr blb mbhgkukgl mbhgkukgl pilauob pilauobgl gl ultuk ultuk kc kcls lsun unil il zc zclg lg 9 milagl milagl jirj jirjgag gagbb pgrgn pgrgnit itir ir yg ygbt btu u ebsb ebsbkg kg,, kbnb kbnbg, g, mgl mgl nbkrcjbchcab. Pgrgnitir ebsbkg nihbputb kikirudgl, ]MV, mgl sudu.Pgrgnitir kbnbg kbnb g nihbputb nihbputb mirgogt kigsgngl kigsgngl (pD), kisgmgdgl (FgFC6), khcrbmg (Fh-), lbt lbtrgt rgt (LC6-) (LC6-),, mgl lbt lbtrbt rbt (LC:-) (LC:-).Pg .Pgrgn rgnitir itir nbkrcj nbkrcjbch bchcab cab ultuk ultuk pilitgpg pilitgpgl l jgktirb I.fchb mgl tctgh fchb. Vinug Vin ug pgrgni pgrgnitir tir uob jirpilag jirpilagrud rud pgmg kughbtg kughbtgs s gbr gbr,, sidblaag sidblaag pirhu pirhu mb mbhg hgku kukg kgl l glgh glghbs bsbs bs rutb rutbl l ultuk ultuk nilo nilogn gnbl bl ku kugh ghbt btgs gs gbr gbr yg ygla la mbaul mbaulgk gkgl gl kclsunil. Yltuk pilauobgl pD mgl sudu mbhgkukgl mb tinpgt pilagnjbhgl fc fcltc ltcd d si sifg fgrg rg hg hgla lasul sula. a. Yltuk Yltuk pgrgn pgrgniti itirr uob kbnb kbnbg g mgl nbkr nbkrcjb cjbch chcab cab mbhgkukgl pgmg fcltcd ygla tihgd mbogmwghkgl pgmg dgrb Vihgsg. Gpgjbhg kgmgr sitbgp pgrgnitir uob nihijbdb jgku nutu stglmgr gbr nblun, ngkg gkgl ninjir nin jirbkg bkgl l mgnpgk mgnpgk liagtbe liagtbe jgab kclsun kclsunil. il. Mghgn Mghgn nilglaag nilglaagpb pb dgh btu, btu, sbswg sbs wg VNGK VNGK Jcacr Jcacr mbjirb mbjirbkgl kgl wiwilgl wiwilgla a chid chid hgjcrgt hgjcrgtcrb crbun un PMGN PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl ultuk bkut gnjbh jgabgl mghgn nilaglghbsbs jijirgpg pgrgnitir uob, ultuk nilognbl kughbtgs gbr PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr.

::

 

J. Pil Piltbl tblaly alyg gN Ngsg gsghgd hgd PMGN PMG N ]b ]brtg rtg Pgkugl Pgkugl Kctg Kctg Jcacr Jcacr niladgs niladgsbh bhkgl kgl gbr chgdgl chgdgl ygla ygla tihgd tihgd mbaulgkgl chid ngsygrgkgt kctg Jcacr. Gbr chgdgl tihgd nilaghgnb jirjgagb prcsis prcs is ebsbkg ebsbkg ngupul ngupul kbnbg kbnbg sidbla sidblaag ag mgpgt mgpgt nin ninpil pilagru agrudb db kug kughbt hbtgs gs gbr tirsi tir siju jut. t. ]irkg irkgmg mgla la eg egktc ktcrr gh ghgn gnbb si sipir pirtb tb fu fugf gfg g mgl fu furg rgd d duogl duogl mgpgt mgpgt ninpilagrudb pirjimggl prcsis pilachgdgl gbr. Gbr ygla mbdgsbhkgl pul mgpgt mgp gt ninb ninbhb hbkb kb dgsb dgsbhh pilauo pilauobg bgl l yg ygla la jirji jirjimg. mg. Chid Chid kg kgri rilg lg btu btu gbr gbr yg ygla la mbdgsbhkgl mbdgsb hkgl chid PMGN dgrus mbpirbksg mbpirbksg sitbgp dgrb chid hgjcrgtcrbun hgjcrgtcrbun.. Kgrilg gbr ygla mbaulgkgl chid kclsunil dgrus niniludb jgku nutu stglmgr, tirutgng gbr ygla mbaulgkgl pgmg wbhgygd 9.

F. ]uo uou ugl ]uougl glghbsbs gbr zclg 9 gmghgd ?

7.

Nilaglghbsbs kidgmbrgl jgktirb I.Fchb  mgl  mgl tctgh Fchb  .  .

:.

Nilaglghbsbs pgrgnitir ebsbkg sipirtb kikirudgl, sudu, ]MV, mgl

MDH.

6.

Nilaglghbsbs pgrgnitir kbnbg.

=.

Nilaitgdub prcsis pilachgdgl gbr, mgl pilagrud sitbgp prcsis

tirdgmgp kughbtgs gbr. gbr.

9.

Nilbla Nil blakgtk kgtkgl gl kingnp kingnpugl ugl mgl kitirg kitirgnpb npbhgl hgl sifgrg sifgrg nglmbr nglmbrbb

nilailgb ticrb mgl prgktbk ygla tihgd mbmgpgtkgl sijihunlyg.

5.

Nilgnjgd pilaitgdugl tiltgla tiklbk glghbsbs gbr chgdgl.

M. ]blog ]blogugl ugl Pus Pustgk tgkg  g  B.

Mieblbsb Gbr Gbr gmghgd ngtirbgh pghbla jirhbnpgd mb junb, jirkbsgr 17% nilutupb pirnukggl junb. ]ujud nglusbg tirmbrb mgrb 59% gbr mgl sihurud prcsis kbnbg mghgn tujud ngkdhuk dbmup jirhglasula mghgn nimbg gbr (Qblgrlc, :004) :004).. Mghgn Mghgn ki kidb dbmup mupgl gl si sidg dgrb rb-dg -dgrb rb,, gbr gbr mbaul mbaulgk gkgl gl ultuk ultuk jirjg jirjgagb agb kipirh kip irhugl, ugl, nbsghl nbsghlyg yg ultuk ultuk rungd rungd tglaag, tglaag, pirtglb pirtglbgl, gl, trg trglsp lspcrtg crtgsb, sb, mgl rikr rikrig igsb sb.. Mghg Mghgn n bl blmus mustr trb, b, gb gbrr mb mbaul aulgkg gkgl l gltgr gltgrg g hgb hgbl l si sijga jgagb gb jgdgl jgdgl pilachgd, pilmblabl, mgl pinjglakbt tilgag. Gbr nirupgkgl sunjir mgyg ghgn ygla sglagt piltbla ultuk dgogt dbmup crgla jglygk, jgdkgl chid sinug ngkdhuk dbmup. Chid kgrilg btu, sunjir mgyg gbr dgrus mbhblmulab gagr titgp mgpgt mbngleggtkgl milagl jgbk chid nglusbg sirtg ngkdhuk dbmup ygla hgbl. Pingleggtgl gbr ultuk

:6

 

ji jirj rjga gagb gb

kipi kipilt ltbl blag agl l

ninp ni npird irdbt btul ulak akgl gl

dg dgru rus s

ki kipi piltb ltblag lagl l

mbh mbhgk gkuk ukgl gl

sifg sifgrg rg

ailir ailirgsb gsb kblb kblb

jbo jbogk gk,,

ngup ngupul ul

mi mila lagl gl

ki kipil piltb tblag lagl l

ailirgsb nilmgtgla. Gspik piladingtgl mgl pihistgrbgl sunjir mgyg gbr dgrus mbtglgnkgl pgmg siailgp pilaaulg gbr. Mghgn Mgh gn kilygtgg kilygtgglly llyg g jukgl jukgl dglyg dglyg ounhgd ounhgdlyg lyg sgog sgog ygla ygla piltbla piltbla,, titgpb titg pb kughbtg kughbtgs s gbr pul mbpirh mbpirhukgl ukgl ultuk ultuk pilaaulg pilaaulggl gl tirtilt tirtiltu. u. Ounhgd Ounhgd kijutudgl gbr nblun ultuk mgirgd irgt kgbtgllyg milagl ounhgd mgl tgrge tgr ge dbmup dbmup nglusb nglusbg. g. JuktbJuktb-juk juktb tb lygtg lygtg nilulou niluloukkg kkgl l singkb singkbl l tblaab tblaab  ounhgd mgl tgrge kidbmupgl ngkg ounhgd gbr pul singkbl nilblakgt, kijutud kij utudgl gl ygla ygla nilbla nilblakgt kgt nilmcrc nilmcrcla la pilagmgg pilagmggl l sunjir sunjir gbr jgru, jgru, nbsghlyg ygla jirgsgh mgrb gbr tglgd, nilachgd kinjghb gbr kctcr nilogmb gbr jirsbd gtgu gbr ygla sbgp mbkclsunsb sgnpgb nilgwgrkgl gbr hgut.

BB.

Vbegt Ebsbkg gbr

Agnjgr 7. Vtruktur Nchikuh Gbr Gb Gbrr jirsb jirsbegt egt tb tbmg mgk k jirw jirwgr grlg, lg, tb tbmg mgk k jirgs jirgsg g mgl mgl tbmg tbmgk k jir jirjgu jgu pgmg pgmg kclmbs kcl mbsbb stglmgr stglmgr,, ygbtu ygbtu pgmg tikglgl tikglgl 700 kPg (7 jgr) mgl tinpirg tinpirgtur tur :16.79 K (0° F). Gbr mgpgt nilyirgp mgl nihipgskgl hijbd jglygk jgdgl mgrbpgmg kijglygkgl zgt jbgsg. Jbhg sudu gbr mbturulkgl, pirairgkkgl mgrb nchikuh-nchiku nchikuh-nchikuhh gbr mbpirhgnjgt mbpirhgnjgt milagl gmglyg pilaihugrgl pilaihugrgl pglgs mgl vchunilyg jirkurgla. Jbhg gbr mbmblablkgl sgnpgb =°F, sugtu pchg bkgtgl jgru dbmrcail tirjiltuk. Kitbkg gbr mbturulkgl sudulyg mgrb =°F sgnpgb 0°F, kinumbgl tirogmbhgd krbstgh mgl kitbkg is jirujgd nilogmb krbstgh is, vchunilyg nilmgmgk jirujgd. Jirbkut gmghgd sbegt-sbegt ebsbkg gbr ygla tirtirg pgmg tgjih 7.

]gjih 7. Vbegt Ebsbkg Gbr Lc .

Vbegt Ebsbkg Gbr

Lbhgb

:=

 

7

Jirgt oilbs pgmg =°F

7.00 a/fn6

:

Jirgt nchikuh Mgyg Mg yg dg dglt ltgr gr hb hbst strb rbk k

74

6

pg pgmg mg

7 x 1-1 cdn/fn

:9°F

=

Pglgs oilbs

7.000

9

Pglgs hgtil

9=0 kghcrb

5

Vudu krbtbs

6=1°F

1

]ikglgl krbtbs

:71 gtn

4

]itgp itgpgl gl

mbih mbihik iktr trbk bk

pg pgmg mg

74

:9°F

2

]btbk jiku

0°F

70

]btbk mbmbd

700°F

Jijirgp Jiji rgpg g Pgrgni PgrgniPgr Pgrgni gnitir tir ebsbkg ebsbkg ygla ygla mbhgkuk mbhgkukgl gl mb PMG PMGN N ]brtg ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr, ygbtu?

7. Vudu :9

 

Gbr sirbla mbaulgkgl sijgagb nimbun pilmblabl mghgn jirjgagb prcs prcsis is bl blmus mustrb trb.. Gb Gbrr pilmb pilmblab labl l tirsi tirsijut jut si siti tihg hgd d mbaul mbaulgkg gkgl l gkgl gkgl nilm ni lmgp gpgt gtkg kgl l

pg pglg lgs s

mg mgrb rb

jg jgdg dgl l

ygla yg la

mbmb mbmbla labl blkg kgl, l,

kinu ki numb mbgl gl

mbkinjghbkgl ki tinpgt gsghlyg ygbtu sulagb gtgu sunjir gbr hgbllyg. Kilgb Ki lgbkg kgl l su sudu du gb gbrr gkgl gkgl nilb nilbnj njuh uhkg kgl l jijir jijirgpg gpg gkbj gkbjgt gt si sijg jgagb agb jirbkut?

g.

Ou Ounh nhgd gd cksb cksbai ail l tirhg tirhgrut rut mb mghgn mghgn gbr gbr nilur nilurul. ul. Dgh Dgh blb blb

niluloukkgl nilulo ukkgl kurvg dujulagl gltgrg sudu milagl kclsiltrgsb cksbail tirhgrut mghgn gbr jirjglmbla tirjghbk.

j.

Kifipgtgl rigksb kbnbg nilblakgt.

f.

Kidbmupgl bkgl mgl diwgl gbr hgbllyg gkgl tiraglaau.

m.

Obkg jgtgsgl sudu ygla ningtbkgl tirhgnpgub, bkgl mgl

diwgl diw gl gb gbrr hg hgbl blly lyg g ki kinu nulak lakbl blgl gl gkgl gkgl nila nilaghg ghgnb nb ki king ngtb tbgl. gl. (Egrmbgz, 722:).

:. Qgrlg

Qgrlg mghgn gbr mgpgt mbsijgjkgl chid gmglyg bcl hcagn (jisb

mgl nglagl) nglagl),, dunus, dunus, phglkt phglktcl, cl, mgl juglagl juglagl blmust blmustrb. rb. Qg Qgrlg rlg gbr jbgsglyg mbdbhglakgl tirutgng ultuk pilaaulggl gbr blmustrb mgl gbr nblun.

6. Jgu Jgu nirupgk nirupgkgl gl egktcr egktcr istitb istitbkg kg sugtu sugtu gbr mgpgt mbtirb mbtirbng ng chid chid ngsygr ngs ygrgkg gkgt. t. Jgu ygla ygla mbdgsb mbdgsbhkg hkgl l chid chid gbr mgpgt mgpgt mbsijgj mbsijgjkgl kgl chid chid ninjusuklyg craglbsni gtgu jgdgl craglbk sirtg jijirgpg jgdgl glcraglbk ygla mgpgt niladgsbhkgl jgu.

BBB.

Vbegt Kbnbg Gbr

Agnjgr :. Vtruktur Nchikuh Gbr :5

 

Gbr gmghgd sujstglsb kbnbg milagl runus kbnbg D :C? sgtu nchikuh gbr tirsusul gtgs mug gtcn dbmrcail ygla tirbkgt sifgrg kcvghil pgmg sgtu gtcn cksbail. Dbmrcail mgl cksbail ninpulygb mgyg pgmu ygla sglagt jisgr sidblaag nilyijgjkgl kimug zgt blb jirbkgtgl sglagt kugt. Yltuk pinifg pin ifgdgl dgl nchiku nchikuhh gbr nilogmb nilogmb kcnpcli kcnpclil-k l-kcnp cnpclil clillyg lyg mbpirh mbpirhukgl ukgl ilirab ygla jisgr. _gt kbnbg blb nirupgkgl sugtu pihgrut ygla piltbla, ygla ninbhbkb kingnpugl ultuk nihgrutkgl jglygk zgt kbnbg hgbllyg, sipirtb agrgn-agrgn, auhg, gsgn, jijirgpg oilbs ags mgl jglygk ngfgn nchikuh craglbk. Vijugd Viju gd nchikuh nchikuh gbr milagl milagl kutuj-k kutuj-kutuj utuj pcsbtb pcsbtbee mgl liagtb liagtbee sifgrg sifgrg pirnglil nilogmb mwbkutuj (mbpchgr), sipirtb dghlyg sijgtgla ngalit yg ygla la ninp ninpuly ulygb gb ku kutu tuj j yg ygla la jirj jirjimg img pgmg pgmg ki kimug mug uoula uoula ku kutu tujly jlyg g (Qblgrlc, :004). ulbvirsgh sgh kgrilg gbr nihgrutkgl nihgrutkgl Gb Gbrr si sirb rbla la mb mbsi siju jutt si sijga jgagb gb pihgrut  pihgrut  ulbvir jglygk zgt kbnbg. Gbr jirgmg mghgn kisitbnjglagl mblgnbs gltgrg egsi fgbr fgbr mgl  mgl pgmgt pgmgt mb  mb jgwgd tikglgl mgl tinpirgtur stglmgr. Mghgn jiltuk ygla la bcl,, gbr mgpgt mbmisk bcl mbmiskrbp rbpsbk sbkgl gl sijgagb sijgagb sijugd sijugd bcl dbmrcail dbmrcail (D+) yg jirgscsbgsb (jirbkgtgl) milagl sijugd bcl dbmrcksbmg (CD ( CD-). Jijirgpg pgrgnitir kbnbg ygla mbhgkukgl mb Hgjcrgtcrbun PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr, ygbtu?

7. pD pD gb gbrr yg ygla la si sisu sugb gb milag milagl l stglm stglmgr gr gmghg gmghgd d mghgn mghgn rg rglai lai 5.9-4 5.9-4.9. .9. Ehuktugsb pD gbr sglagt mb tiltukgl chid ghkghblbtgs gbr tirsijut. Gpgjbhg ghkghblbtgslyg tblaab ngkg gbr tirsijut gkgl numgd nilainjghbkgl pDlyg ki lbhgb sinuhg, mgrb sitbgp "aglaaugl" tirdgmgp pilaujgdgl pD. Milagl minbkbgl kulfb mgrb pilurulgl pD tirhitgk pgmg pilglaglgl ghkghblbtgs ghkgh blbtgs mgl tblakgt kisgmgdgl gbr. gbr. Gpgjbhg dgh blb tihgd mbkugs mbkugsgb gb ngkg pilurulgl pD gkgl hijbd numgd mbhgkukgl. ]bmgk sinug ngkdhuk jbsg jirtgdgl tirdgmgp pirujgdgl lbhgb pD, ultuk btu ghgn tihgd nilyimbgkgl nikglb nik glbsni sni ygla ygla ulbk ulbk gagr pirujgdgl pirujgdgl tbmgk tbmgk tirogm tirogmbb gtgu tirogm tirogmbb titg titgpb pb milagl fgrg pirhgdgl. Vbstin pirtgdglgl blb mbkilgh sijgagb kgpgsbtgs pin-jueeir  pinjueeir -gl. -gl. pD sglagt piltbla sijgagb pgrgnitir kughbtgs gbr kgrilg nilacltrch tbpi mgl hgou kifipgtgl rigksb jijirgpg jgdgl mb mghgn gbr. Gpgjbhg Gpgjb hg mb mbjb jbgr grkg kgl l jirjir-pD pD rilmg rilmgd d tiltu tiltu gkgl gkgl jirpil jirpilagr agrud ud tird tirdgm gmgp gp ku kugh ghbt btgs gs gb gbrr, lb lbhgb hgb pD yg ygla la ri rilm lmgd gd gkgl gkgl nily nilyijg ijgjk jkgl gl sbeg sbegtt kc kcrc rcsb sbee

:1

 

tirdgmgp tirdgmg p hcagn ygla gmg mb mghgn gbr sidblaag sidblaag hcagn-hcagn hcagn-hcagn gkgl hijbd numgd hgrut mgl ouag kcrcsbe tirdgmgp pcnpg gbr.

:. _gt Craglbk (Glakg Pirnglaaglgt) Gpgjbh Gpg jbhg g tirmgpg tirmgpgtt zgt craglbk craglbk ygla ygla nihijb nihijbdb db mgr mgrbb ygla ygla mbbsyg mbbsygrgtk rgtkgl gl jirgrtb niluloukkgl gmglyg pilfingrgl gtgu pilactcrgl tirdgmgp gbr tirs tirsiju ijut. t. Kijir Kijirgmg gmggl gl zg zgtt cragl craglbk bk mgpgt mgpgt nilu niluru rulk lkgl gl kg kgmgr mgr cksb cksbail ail tirhgrut mghgn gbr ygla mbsijgjkgl chid tirurgblyg jgdgl craglbk nilogmb ulsur ‖ ulsur hgbl milagl jgltugl cksbail. _gt craglbk nirupgkgl ngkglgl nbkrccraglbsni ygla nilyijgjkgl pisgtly pis gtlyg g

pirtunj pirtunjudgl udgl nckrcc nckrccragl raglbsn bsni, i,

sidbla sidblaag ag

ninjgdgy ninjgdgygkgl gkgl

ngsygrgkgt ygla nilaaulgkgllyg. _gt craglbk mgpgt puhg nilaaglaau prcsis prc sis pilachg pilachgdgl, dgl, mb sgnpbl sgnpbla a nilyij nilyijgjk gjkgl gl gbr nilogmb nilogmb jirwgrl jirwgrlg, g, ninjirbkgl rgsg, mgl jgu ygla tgk simgp.

6. Kisgmgdgl

Kisgmgdgl mgpgt mbsijgkgl chid agrgn-agrgn jirvghilsb mug gtgu hi hijb jbd d yg ygla la ti tirm rmgp gpgt gt mb mg mghg hgn n gbr gbr. Vghg Vghgd d sg sgtu tuly lyg g gm gmgh ghgd gd FgFC FgFC6. Kisgmgdgl mbglaagp jgbk obkg lbhgblyg gltgrg 90-40 na/H. Gmglyg bcl kghsbun kghsb un (Fg) mgl ngalisbun (Na) mb mghgn gbr gkgl nilyijgjkgl nilyijgjkgl sbegt kisgmgdgl tirdgmgp gbr tirsijut. Gbr ygla ninpulygb tblakgt kisgmgdgl tirhghu tblaab sglagt niruabkgl kgrilg jijirgpg dgh mbgltgrglyg mgpgt nilb ni lbnj njuh uhkg kgl l kg kgrg rgtgl tgl/kc /kcrc rcsb sb pgmg pgmg ghgt ghgt-g -ghg hgtt yg ygla la tirju tirjugt gt mgrb mgrb jisb jisb,, nilyijgjkgl sgjul kurgla ninjusg sidblaag nilblakgtkgl kclsunsb sgjul, sgj ul, mgl mgpgt mgpgt nilbnj nilbnjuhk uhkgl gl ilmgpgl ilmgpgl gtgu kirgkkirgk-kir kirgk gk mb mgh mghgn gn  wgmgd-wgmgd pilachgdgl. (Egrmbgz, 722:) 722:)

=. Khcrbmg (Fh  -) Khcrbmg mghgn jiltuk bcl Fh - gmghgd sghgd sgtu glbcl glcraglb glcraglbk k ygla jglygk tirmgpgt mghgn gbr. Dgh blb mbsijgjkgl chid sbegtlyg ygla numgd hgrut. Kgmgr khcrbmg ygla tblaab (< :90 na/H) mgpgt nilyijgjkgl rgsg gsbl pgmg gbr.

9. Ji Jisb sb (Ei ( Ei  :+)

:4

 

]bmg mgk k

gm gmg g

pi pila lagr grud ud

ji jisb sb

tird tirdgm gmgp gp

kis isid idgt gtgl gl,,

dg dgly lyg g

sgog gog

jirpilagrud jirpilag rud tirdgmgp istitbkg istitbkg (wgrlg, (wgrlg, ilmgpgl, mgl rgsg). Kijirgmggl Kijirgmggl jisb mghgn ounhgd ygla nihijbdb jgtgs gkgl ninjirbkgl kilgnpgkgl kirud mgl jirwgrlg pgmg gbr, nilblaaghkgl lcmg jirwgrlg kulbla pgmg pgkgbgl (gkbjgt tircksbmgsb nilogmb Ei 6+), nilyijgjkgl jgu sirtg rgsg tbmgk ilgk pgmg gbr, mgl mgpgt tirogmb pilailmgpgl jisb pgmg mblmbla pbpg-pb pbp g-pbpg pg ogr ogrbla blagl gl gbr gbr.. (Ngtirb Pihgtbdgl mgl Pilagwgsgl Kughbtgs Gbr,  :002)

5. Ghunblbun (Gh  6+)

Mb mghgn gbr nblun, kglmulagl ghunblbun ygla < 0,7 na/H gkgl nilb ni lbnj njuh uhkg kgl l ki kiki kiru rudgl dgl gt gtgu gu jiru jirujgd jgdly lyg g wgrlg wgrlg gbr gbr mghgn mghgn sbst sbstin in mbstrbjusb. Chid kgrilg btu, lbhgb pglmugl (stglmgr) ghunblbun sijisgr 0,: na/H nirupgkgl jgtgsgl jirmgsgrkgl kclmbsb istitbkg. (Ngtirb Pihgtbdgl mgl Pilagwgsgl Kughbtgs Gbr, Gbr, :002)

1. Ng Ngla lagl gl (Nl ( Nl :+)

Kglmulagl Kglmulag l Nglagl ygla tblaab gkgl nilbnjuhkgl nilbnjuhkgl rgsg pgdbt pgmg gbr nblun mgl nilblaaghkgl lcmg kifckhgtgl pgmg pgkgbgl. Pinjirbgl misbleiktgl misble iktgl ags khcr mgpgt nilacksbmgsb nilacksbmgsb sbsg Nglagl mghgn gbr gbr.. (Ngtirb  Pihgtbdgl mgl Pilagwgsgl Kughbtgs Gbr, :002)

4. Lbtrbt (LC: -)

Lbtrbt Lbt rbt mgpgt mgpgt nilack nilacksbm sbmgsb gsb dincahc dincahcjbl jbl nilogm nilogmbb nit nitgdgi gdgincah ncahcjbl cjbl.. Lbtrbt mb jgwgd kclmbsb tirtiltu, jirigksb milagl gnbl (sikulmir mgl tirtbir) mgl gnbmg ninjiltuk lbtrcsgnbli, ygbtu sugtu silygwg ygla jirsbegt kgrsblcailbk. Nitgdgincahcjbl gmghgd pilyijgj pilygkbt jbru jgyb (jhui jgjbis). (Ngtirb Pihgtbdgl mgl Pilagwgsgl Kughbtgs Gbr, Gbr, :002)

2. Lbtrgt (LC6 -)

Lbtrgt Lbt rgt tirjilt tirjiltuk uk chid chid cksbmg cksbmgsb sb Lbtrcai Lbtrcail l craglbk craglbk chid chid jgk jgktirb tirb ygla ygla tirmgpgt mghgn tglgd. Bcl Lbtrgt mgl Lbtrbt mghgn gbr, tirmgpgt mgrb gkbjgt pilaa pilaaul ulggl ggl pupuk pupuk,, pinj pinjus usuk ukkgl kgl sg sgyu yurgl rgl mgl jblgt jblgtgla gla,, hbnj hbnjgd gd

:2

 

mcnistbk, hunpur kctcr ygla mbjugla ki mghgn tglgd, hbnjgd blmustrb mgl mgrb umgrg.

70. Vuhegt (VC= :-) Kgmgr suhegt mghgn kimug sgnpih ouag niniludb stglmgr gbr nblun. nblun. Kglmulagl Kglmula gl suhegt suhegt ygla nihijbdb gnjgla jgtgs mgpgt nilbnjuhkgl nilbnjuhkgl rgsg tbmgk ilgk pgmg gbr. Vihgbl btu, mcsbs suhegt vchuni pilbtgr x L pilbtgr x 69,9 x 7000   Uchuni fcltcd

f. Kgmgr Kghsbun Kg hsbun K grjclgt grjcl gt (FgFC (Fg FC6) Nitcmi ygla mbaulgkgl? VLB 05-5242.7:-:00=. Mgsgr? Hcagn-hcagn tirtiltu sipirtb kghsbun mgl ngalisbun mghgn gbr gbr,, mgpgt mgpgt mbt mbtbtr btrgsb gsb milagl milagl IM]G IM]G ninjilt ninjiltuk uk silygwg silygwg kcnphi kcnphiks ks (kihgt) ygla hgrut milagl nilaaulgkgl blmbkgtcr Irbcfdrcni Jhgfk ] pgmg pD 70 · 0,7. 0,7. ]b ]btbk tbk gkdbr gkdbr tbtrgs tbtrgsbb mila milagl gl pirujgdg pirujgdgl l wgrlg wgrlg mgrb mgrb nirgd glaaur ki jbru.

Zigksb? Fg:+

+

(mghgn gbr) Fg IJ]

IJ]

Fg IJ]

(jbru) +

(nirgd glaaur)

IM]G

Fg IM]G  

+ IJ] (jbru)

Fgrg Kirog?

7)

Mbngsukkgl :9 nh fcltcd ki mghgn irhilniyir :90 nh.

:)

Mbtgnjgdkgl jijirgpg : nh jueeir pD 70.

62

 

6)

Mbtgnjgdkgl Mbtgnjg dkgl jiirgpg jiirgpg titis blmbkgtcr blmbkgtcr IJ] IJ] hgrutgl nirgd nirgd

glaaur.

=)

Mbtbtgr milagl IM]G 0,07 L sgnpgb hgrutgl jirwgrlg jbru.

Pirdbtulagl? Kgmgr FgFC6 > vchuni pilbtgr x L pilbtgr x 700 x 7000 Uchuni fcltcd

m. Kgmgr Kgrjcl Mbcksbmg (FC:) Mgsg Mg sgrr? FC:  jijgs jijgs jirig jirigks ksbb milag milagl l LgCD LgCD ninj ninjilt iltuk uk Lg:FC6, jirhglas jirh glasulal ulalyg yg rigksb rigksb blb mbaulgk mbaulgkgl gl ultuk ultuk nilauku nilaukurr kclsil kclsiltrgs trgsbb FC: jijgs mghgn gbr. ]btbk gkdbr mgrb rigksb ygla jirhglasula mgpgt mb mbgn gngt gtbb milag milagl l nihb nihbdgt dgt piruj pirujgdg gdgl l wgrlg wgrlg blmb blmbkg kgtcr tcr PP mgrb mgrb tgk tgk jirwgrlg jirw grlg nilogmb nilogmb nirgd nirgd numg numg siuhgs. siuhgs. ]btbk ]btbk gkd gkdbr br tbtrgs tbtrgsbb milagl milagl ningkgb blmbkgtcr PP gmghgd pgmg pD 4,6.

Zigksb ? : LgCD + FC:

  Lg:FC6 + D:C

Fgrg kirog ?

7.)

Mbpbpit 700 nH sgnpih ki mghgn irhilniyir :90 nH.

:.)

Mbtgnjgdkgl jijirgpg titis blmbkgtcr PP. PP.

6.)

Mbtbtgr milagl LgCD 0,07 L dblaag hgrutgl jirwgrlg nirgd numg siuhgs.

Pirdbtulagl ?  

Vtglmgrbsgsb hgrutgl LgCD 0,07 L Lcrnghbtgs Hgturgl LgCD >

 

Pilairoggl sgnpih?

Kgmgr FC:>

=0

 

i. Kgmgr Jbkgrjclgt (DFC6 -) Mgsgr ? Lbhgb ghkghblbtgs nilaagnjgrkgl kclsiltrgsb bcl-bcl kgrjclgt, jbkgrj jbk grjclgt clgt,, mgl dbmrck dbmrcksbm sbmg. g. Bcl-bcl Bcl-bcl dbmrck dbmrcksbh sbh ygl ygla a tirmgpg tirmgpgtt mghgn mghgn sgnpih gbr sijgagb dgsbh mbscsbgsb gtgu dbmrchbsbs silygwg-silygwg tirsijut mbgtgs mbrigksbkgl milagl hgrutgl stglmgr gsgn sidblaag mbpirchid lbhgb ghkghblbtgs gbr. Ghkghblbtgs mghgn gbr mblitrghkgl milagl gsgn (DFh gtgu D:VC=) nilaaulgkgl blmbkgtcr sblmur nitbh (VN).

Zigksb ? : DFC6- + D:VC=

: FC: + VC=: + :D:C

Fgrg kirog ? Yltuk sgnpih milagl lbhgb pD =,69).

Pirdbtulagl ?  

Vtglmgrbsgsb Hgrutgl D:VC= Lcrnghbtgs (L) >

 

Pilairoggl sgnpih  Kgmgr Kgrjclgt (FC6:-) >

=7

 

 Kgmgr Jbkgrjclgt (DFC6-) > 

e.

Kgmgr Kgm gr Kghsbu Kg hsbun n (Fg  :+)

Mgsgr? Mgsg r? Pgmg Pgmg pD fcltcd fcltcd uob fukup tblaab tblaab (7:-76) (7:-76),, ngalisb ngalisbun un gkgl gkgl nilailmgp sijgagb ngalisbun dbmrcksbmg. Ngkg, IM]G dglyg gkgl jirigksb milagl kghsbun. Pgmg gwghlyg, blmbkgtcr nuriksbm jirigksb milagl bcl kghsbun sidblaag hgrutgl jirwgrlg nirgd numg. Pgmg tbt tbtbk bk gkdbr gkdbr tbt tbtrgs rgsbb milagl milagl IM]G, IM]G, blmbkg blmbkgtcr tcr gkgl gkgl hipgs hipgs kinjgh kinjghbb mgl hgrutgl nilogmb jirwgrlg ulau.

Zigksb ? Na:+ + : CD-

Na(CD):

Fg:+ + D Bl:-

FgBl- + D+

FgBl- + D:R:-

FgR:- + D Blm :- + D+

Fgrg kirog ?

7.) Mbpbpit :9 nH sgnpih ki mghgn irhilniyir :90 nH. :.) Mbtgnjgdkgl · :9 nH gbr suhbla. 6.) Mbtgnjgdkgl 7-: nH LgCD 4 %. =.) Mbdcncailkgl, hghu mbmbgnkgl sihgng 6-9 nilbt. 9.) Mbtgnjgdkgl · 0,7 argn blmbkgtcr nurixbmi. 5.) Mbtbtgr milagl IM]G 0,07 N dblaag hgrutgl jirwgrlg ulau (vbchit).

Pirdbtulagl ?  

Vtglmgrbsgsb Hgrutgl IM]G IM]G 0,07N Nchgrbtgs (N)

 

>

Pilairoggl sgnpih? Kgmgr Kghsbun (Fg:+) >

=:

 

a. Kgm Kgmgr gr Jisb Ji sb (Ei ( Ei :+) Nitcmi? VLB 5242.=?:002

Mgsgr? Glghbt hcagn jisb mghgn lyghg umgrg - gsitbhil mbujgd nilogmb jiltuk jilt uk gtcnlyg gtcnlyg,, nilyirg nilyirgp p ilirab ilirab rgmbgs rgmbgsbb ihi ihiktr ktrcnga cngalitb litbk k ygla ygla jirgsgh mgrb hgnpu kgtcmg mgl jisgrlyg sirgpgl jirjglmbla hurus milagl kgmgr glghbt.

Zigksb?

Fgrg kirog?

7) Mbpbpit 7 nH hgrutgl stglmgr blmuk Ei 7000 ppn ki mghgn hgju ukur 700 nH (70 ppn).

:) Mbjugt mirit stglmgr 0,70 - 7,00 ppn ppn (0,00 (0,00 0,70 0,:0 0,:0 0,=0 0,=0 0,50 0,40 7,00 ppn) mgrb hgrutgl stglmgr 70 ppn ki mghgn hgju ukur 700 nH.

6) Mbpbpit 90 nH sgnpih kimghgn pbghg aihgs 700 nH. =) Vgnpih mgl mirit stglmgr mbukur milagl GGV.

Pirdbtulagl?

=6

 

d. Kgm Kgmgr gr Nglag Ng lagl l (Nl  :+) Nitcmi? VLB 5242.9?:002 Mgsgr? Mgsg r? Glghbt Glghbt hcagn hcagn nglagl nglagl mghgn mghgn lyghg lyghg umgr umgrg g - gsitbh gsitbhil il mbujgd mbujgd nilogmb jiltuk gtcnlyg, gtcnlyg, nilyirgp nilyirgp ilirab rgmbgsb ihiktrcngalitbk ihiktrcngalitbk ygla jirgsgh mgrb hgnpu kgtcmg mgl jisgrlyg sirgpgl jirjglmbla hurus milagl kgmgr glghbt.

Zigksb?

Fgrg kirog?

7)

Mbpbpit 7 nH hgrutgl stglmgr blmuk Nl 7000 ppn ki mghgn

hgju ukur 700 nH (70 ppn).

:)

Mbjugt mirit mirit stglmgr 0,70 0,70 - 7,00 ppn (0,00 (0,00 0,70 0,:0 0,=0

0,50 0,40 7,00 ppn) mgrb hgrutgl stglmgr 70 ppn ki mghgn hgju ukur 700 nH.

6)

Mbpbpit 90 nH sgnpih kimghgn pbghg aihgs 700 nH.

=)

Vgnpih mgl mirit stglmgr mbukur milagl GGV.

Pirdbtulagl?

==

 

Kgmgr Lbtrbt (LC: -)

b.

Nitcmi? VLB 05-5242.2-:00=. Mgsg Mg sgr? r? Kcls Kclsil iltg tgrg rgsb sb lb lbtr trbt bt mg mghg hgn n

gbr gbr

mbti mbtitg tgpk pkgl gl nila nilaau aulg lgkg kgl l

sp spik iktr trcec cectc tcni nitir tir.. Pgmg Pgmg pD :,6 :,6 -: -:,9 ,9.. Jirm Jirmgs gsgr grkg kgl l pgmg pgmg rigks rigksbb gzctbsgsb ygbtu pingsukkgl auaus LC :-  glcraglbk mghgn jilzili, milagl pirigksb gsgn suheglbhgnbmg. Kinumbgl jirigskb milagl L(7-Lge (7Lgeetb etbhh Itdbhi Itdbhili li Mbgnbl Mbgnbli i Dbmrck Dbmrckhcr hcrbmg bmg)) sidblaag sidblaag tirogmb tirogmb rigk rigksb sb fcuphbla.. fcuphbla

Niladgsbhkgl

wgrlg

nirgd

numg

ygla

mbukur

nilaaulgkgl spiktrcectcnitir pgmg pglogla aihcnjgla 9=6 ln.

Zigksb?

LC:- +



Gs. Vuheglbhgnbmg

+



Fgrg Kirog?

7)

Fcltcd gbr milagl kikirudgl tblaab mbsgrbla milagl

ninjrgl 0,=9 ¹n.

:)

Mbng Mbngsu sukk kkgl gl fclt fcltcd cd ki mg mghhgn pbgh pbghg g ai aihhgs 70 700 0 nh, nh,

mbtgnjgdkgl : nh rigailt nbx  LIM.  LIM.

6)

Mbmbgnkgl sihgng 9 nilbt.

=)

Mbpirb Mbp irbksg ksg milagl milagl spiktr spiktrcect cectcni cnitir tir pgmg pglogla pglogla

aihcnjgla 9=6 ln.

Pirdbtulagl?

=9

 

 o.

Kgmgr Vuhegt (VC= :-)

Nitcmi? VLB 05-5242.:0-:002. Mgsgr? Bcl suhegt mghgn nimbun gsgn gsitgt mbilmgpkgl ningkgb jgrbun fdhcrbmi (JgFh fdhcrbmi (JgFh:) nilogmb krbstgh jgrbun suhegt (JgVC =) wgrlg putbd, pilyirgpgl fgdgyg chid suspilsb jgrbun suhegt kinumbgl mbukur milagl ghgt spiktrcectcnitir mgl kclsiltrgsb suhegt mbtiltukgl chid pirjglmblagl pinjgfggl sugtu kurvg stglmgr pgmg pglogla aihcnjgla =:0 ln.

Zigksb? JgFh: + VC=:- 

JgVC= + :Fh-

Fgrg kirog?

7)

Mbjugt mirit stglmgr 0-9 ppn ki mghgn hgju ukur 700 nh.

:)

Mbng Mbngsu sukk kkgl gl 90 nh sg sgnp npih ih mgl mgl jhglk jhglkc c ki mghgn mghgn pbgh pbghg g

aihgs 700 nh.

6)

Ngsbla-ngsbla mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh jueeir suhegt mgl 7 fup fup

JgFh:.

=)

Mbgnkgl 7-: nilbt.

9)

Mbpi Mbpirb rbk ksg

mi mila lagl gl

spi pik ktrce trcect ctcn cnit itir ir

pg pgmg mg

pg pglo logl gla a

aihcnjgla =:0 ln, fgtgt mgl dbtula kgmgr suhegt.

Pirdbtulagl?

k. Kgmgr Lbtrgt (LC6 -) Nitcmi? GPDG :7st Imbtbcl ]d. :009 =900J*

Mgsgr? Mgsg r? Lbtrgt Lbtrgt mghgn mghgn gbr nurlb gtgu gbr dgsbh chgdgl mgpgt mbmitik mbmitiksb sb kclsiltrgsblyg milagl nilaaulgkgl YU pgmg pglogla aihcnjgla ::0 ln mgl mbkcriksb pgmg pglogla aihcnjgla :19 ln. Fgrg kirog?

7)

Mbjugt mirit stglmgr 0-9 ppn ki mghgn hgju ukur 700 nh.

:)

Mbngsukkgl sgnpih ygla gkgl mbpirbksg ki mghgn kuvit.

6)

Mbpi Mbpirb rbk ksg

pg pgmg mg

aihcnjgla ::0 ln.

=5

spik spiktr trce cect ctc cniti nitirr

mi mila lagl gl

pg pglo logl gla a

 

=)

Mbfik uhgla milagl pglogla aihcnjgla :19 ln sijgagb

pilacriksb. Pirdbtulagl?

h.

Kgmgr Ghunblbun (Gh 6+   )

Nitcmi? VLB-05.5242.69.:009.

Mgsgr? Ghunblbun jirigksb milagl gsitgt pgmg pD 5, gmglyg blmbkgtcr irbcfdrcn fyglbli Z niladgsbhkgl Z niladgsbhkgl wgrlg nirgd ognju kcnphiks mgl mbpirbksg pgmg spiktrcectcnitir milagl pglogla aihcnjgla ngksbngh 96 969 9

ln, ln,

ul ultu tuk k

nila niladb dbhg hgla lakg kgl l

kiki ki kiru rudg dgl l

pg pgmg mg fc fclt ltcd cd ngkg ngkg

mbtgnjgdkgl IM]G mgl gsgn gskcrjgt ultuk niladbhglakgl jisb mgl nglagl.

Zigksb? Gh6+  + 6 FD6FCC-  + : D:C

Gh(CD):FD6FCC + :FD6FCCD  

Fgrg Kirog?

7)

Mbjugt mirit stglmgr 0 ppn - 0,:9 ppn ki mghgn hgju

ukur 700 nh.

:)

Mbgnjbh sinpih gbr :9 nh ki mghgn pbghg aihgs, hghu

mbtbtgr milagl D:VC= 0,0: L. 6) Mbpbpi Mbp bpitt :9 nh fcltcd fcltcd gbr mghgn mghgn hgju hgju ukur 90 nh mgl tgnjgdkgl D:VC= 0,0: L sisugb milagl dgsbh pilbtgrgl mbgtgs, kinumbgl mbtgnjgdkgl 7 nh jirhijbdgl mgl mbgmuk pirhgdgl.

=)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 7 nh Gsgn gskcrjgt mgl mbgmuk.

9)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh jueeir gsitgt mgl mbgmuk.

5)

Mbtg Mbtgnj njgdk gdkgl gl 9 nh blmb blmbkg kgtc tcrr irbcf irbcfdr drcn cn fy fyglb glbli li Z,

mbgmuk mgl mbdbnpbtkgl.

1)

Mbjb Mbjbgr grkg kgl l 9‖70 9‖70 nilb nilbtt mgl mgl mbpi mbpirb rbks ksg g pgmg pgmg pglo pglogla gla

aihcnjgla 969 ln.

=1

 

Fgtgtgl?? gpgjbhg tirogmb aglaaugl kgrilg kikirudgl pgmg fcltcd Fgtgtgl ngsg dgrus mbhgkukgl milagl nilgnjgdkgl 7 nh IM]G 0,07 L.

Pirdbtulagl?

n. Vbsg Khcr Nitcmi? Kcnpgrgtcr.

Mgsgr? Pilitgpgl Pilitgpgl blb mbhgkukgl mbhgkukgl ultuk nilaitgdub nilaitgdub jirgpg jirgpg sbsg sbsg khcr ygla gmg mghgn gbr, milagl nilaaulgkgl MPM lc. 7 (L,L-mbitdbh7,=-Pdilbhilim 7,=-Pdi lbhilimbgnbl bgnbli). i). Qgrlg Qgrlg ygla mbdgsbhkgl mbdgsbhkgl mbjglmblakgl mbjglmblakgl milagl stglmgr pgmg ghgt g hgt kchcrbnitrb khcr. (kcnpgrgtcr)

Fgrg Kirog?

7)

Mbgnjbh fcltcd gbr mghgn tgjula kchcrbnitir khcr sgnpgb

tglmg agrbs, kinumbgl mbjujudb tgjhit MPM Lc. 7 mgl mbjbgrkgl nihgrut sinug (sgnjbh mbkcfck).

:)

Gpgjbhg Gpgjbh g gmg sbsg khcr, hgrutgl gkgl jirwgrlg nirgd numg

sgnpgb milagl nirgd.

6)

Mbp Mbpir irbbksg

milag lagl

ghgt

kcnpgr grg gtcr

mil milagl

fgrg

ninjglmblakgl wgrlg ygla sgng pgmg kcnprgtcr milagl wgrlg hgrutgl sgnpih.

=)

Fgtgt dgsbh sbsg khcr ygla mbtuloukkgl pgmg ghgt kcnprgtcr.

l. Kgmgr _gt Craglbk Nitcmi? VLB 05-5242.:1-:009.

Mgsgr? Mgsg r?

_gt craglb craglbk k mgpgt mbcksb mbcksbmgsb mgsb chid chid KNlC=  mghgn sugsglg sugsglg

gsgn mgl pglgs. Vbsg KNlC = mbrimuksb chid gsgn cksghgt jirhijbd mgl kihijbdgl gsgn gsgn cksghgt mbtbtgr kinjghb chid KNlC=.

Zigksb? _gt Craglbk + : KNlC= + 6D:VC=

=4

:NlVC= + K:VC= + FC:

 

: KNlC= + 9 (FCCD): + 6 D:VC= 

: NlVC= + 70 FC: + 4 D:C + K:VC=

9 (FCCD): + : KNlC = + 6 D:VC= 

: NlVC= + 70 FC: + 4 D:C + K:VC=

Fgrg Kirog? Kilcrnghgl KNlC=

7)

Mbuk Mbukur ur 70 700 0 nh gb gbrr su suhb hbla la mg mgl l mbng mbngsu sukk kkgl gl ki mg mghg hgn n

Irhilniyir gsgd.

:)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh hgrutgl D :VC= = L.

6)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh KNlC= 0,07 L (mgrb jurit).

=)

Mbpg Mbpglg lgsk skgl gl,, mb mbdb dbtu tula la 9 nilb nilbtt mg mgrb rb nilm nilmbm bmbd bd (s (sih ihgh ghu u

aulgkgl riehuks riehuks gtgu  gtgu pilmblabl tiagk).

9)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh hgrutgl gsgn cksghgt mgrb jurit.

5)

Mbtbtrg Mbtb trgsb sb kihijb kihijbdgl dgl gsgn gsgn cksghg cksghgtt mila milagl gl KNlC KNlC=  0,07 L

sgnpgb tirjiltuk wgrlg nirgd numg siuhgs. Pilairoggl sgnpih 

7)

Mbukur 700 nh gbr suhbla.

:)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh hgrutgl D :VC= = L.

6)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 9 nh KNlC= 0,07 L (mgrb jurit).

=)

Mbpgl Mbpglgs gskgl kgl,, mb mbdb dbtul tula a 9 nilb nilbtt mgr mgrbb nilm nilmbm bmbd bd (s (sih ihgh ghu u

aulgkgl riehuks riehuks gtgu  gtgu pilmblabl tiagk).

9)

Mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh hgrutgl gsgn cksghgt mgrb jurit.

5)

Mbtbtrgsb kihijbdgl gsgn cksghgt milagl KNlC =  0,07 L

sgnpgb tirjiltuk wgrlg nirgd numg siuhgs.

Pirdbtulagl?

Kilcrnghgl KNlC= na/H KNlC= > Kitirglagl? g

> Uchuni KNlC= 0,07L (nh)

j

> Kilcr lcrngh ghgl gl KNlC=

f

> Kilcrnghgl gsgn cksghgt

=2

 

m  

67,5

> Uchuni fcltcd (nh) > jst KNlC=

c. Kgmgr Gnclbgk (LD6) Nitcmi? MZ 420

Mgsgr Mg sgr?? Vily Vilygwg gwg gnclb gnclbgk gk jiragj jiragjula ula milagl milagl khcr khcrbl bl ninj ninjil iltuk tuk nclckhcrgnbl. Nclckhcrgnbl jirigksb milagl sghbsbhgt ninjiltuk 9gnblcsghbsbhgt. 9-gnblcsghbsbhgt mbcksbmgsb milagl kidgmbrgl lgtrbun lbt lbtrcp rcpusb usbmg mg sijgagb sijgagb kgtghb kgtghbs s ninjil ninjiltuk tuk sily silygwg gwg jirwgrlg jirwgrlg jbr jbru. u. Qgrlg jbru blb gkgl tirtutup chid wgrlg kulbla mgrb pirigksb ygla jirhijbd, ninjiltuk wgrlg dbogu.

Fgrg Kirog?

7) Mblyghgkgl ghgt kchcrbnitir MZ 420. :) Mbt Mbtikg ikgl l tcnjch  prcargn, hghu mbtikgl glakg 5= (lcncr nitcmi ultuk gnnclbg).

6) Mbbsb tgjula fcltcd B milagl gbr suhbla. =) Mbbsb tgjula fcltcd BB milagl fcltcd. 9) Mbtgnjgd pirigksb sghbsbhgt ki mug tgjula sifgrg jirsgnggl, hghu mbkcfck ultuk nihgrutkgl mgl niladcncailkgl.

5) Hghu mbtikgl tbnir  pgmg  pgmg ghgt, mgl mbsitih ultuk 6 nilbt. 1) Vitihgd ghgt jirjulyb, pgmg kimug tgjula mbtgnjgdkgl pirigksb sbglurgt, hghu mbkcfck.

4) ]bnir  mbtikgl  mbtikgl kinjghb, mgl mbsitih ultuk 79 nilbt. 2) Vitihgd ghgt jirjulyb, mbngsukkgl tgjula fcltcd B mgl mbtutup, kinumbgl mbtikgl tcnjch zirc tcnjch  zirc..

70) ]gjula gjula fcltcd fcltcd BB mbngsu mbngsukkg kkgl l mgl mbtutup mbtutup,, kin kinumbg umbgl l mbtikg mbtikgl l tcnjch rigm. Hbdgt mgl fgtgt dgsbh pinjgfggl.

p. Vbgl Vbglbmg bmg (FL  -) 90

 

Nitcmi? MZ 420

Mgsg Mg sgr? r? Nitc Nitcmi mi  pbrbmbli-pyrgzchcli  pbrbmbli-pyrgzchcli   nin ninjir jirbkg bkgl l wgrlg wgrlg jbr jbru u milagl milagl sbglbmg jijgs.

Fgrg Kirog?

7) Mblyghgkgl ghgt kchcrbnitir MZ 420. :) Mbt Mbtikg ikgl l tcnjch  prcargn, hghu mbtikgl glakg :6 (lcncr nitcmi ultuk sbglbmg).

6) Mbbsb tgjula fcltcd B milagl fcltcd. =) Mbbsb tgjula fcltcd BB milagl fcltcd. 9) Mbt Mbtgnj gnjgd gd pirigks pirigksbb FyglbU FyglbUir ir 6  ki tgjula B, hghu mbkcfck ultuk nihgrutkgl mgl niladcncailkgl.

5) Hghu mbtikgl tbnir  pgmg  pgmg ghgt, mgl mbsitih ultuk 60 mitbk. 1) Vitihgd ghgt jirjulyb, tgjula B mbtgnjgdkgl pirigksb FyglbUir =, =, hghu mbkcfck. 4) Mbtgnjgdkgl pirigksb FyglbUir 9 ultuk 9 ultuk tgjula B, mbkcfck.

2) ]bnir  mbtikgl  mbtikgl kinjghb, mgl mbsitih ultuk 60 nilbt. 70) Vi Viti tihg hgd d gh ghgt gt ji jirj rjul ulyb yb,, mbng mbngsu sukk kkgl gl tgju tgjula la BB mg mgl l mbtu mbtutu tup, p, kinumbgl mbtikgl tcnjch zirc tcnjch  zirc..

77) ]gjula gjula fc fclt ltcd cd B mb mbng ngsu sukk kkgl gl mgl mbtut mbtutup, up, ki kinu numb mbgl gl mbti mbtikg kgl l tcnjch rigm. Hbdgt mgl fgtgt dgsbh pinjgfggl.

Ehucr cr (E - ) q. Ehu Nitcmi? MZ 420

Mgsgr? Nitcmi VPGMLV nihbjgtkgl rigksb gltgrg ehucrbmg mgl hgrutgl zbrfclbun jirwgrlg nirgd. Ehucrbmg ninjiltuk silygwg kcnphiks milagl zbrfclbun ygla tbmgk jirwgrlg.

Fgrg Kirog?

7) Mblyghgkgl ghgt kchcrbnitir MZ 420. :) Mbt Mbtikg ikgl l tcnjch  prcargn, hghu mbtikgl glakg :1 (lcncr nitcmi ultuk ehucrbmg).

97

 

6) Mbbsb tgjula fcltcd B milagl 70 nh fcltcd. =) Mbbsb tgjula fcltcd BB milagl 70 nh gbr suhbla. 9) Mbtgnjgd pirigksb rigktgl VPGMLV rigktgl VPGMLV : ki : ki mug tgjula, hghu mbkcfck ultuk nihgrutkgl mgl niladcncailkgl.

5) Hghu mbtikgl tbnir  pgmg  pgmg ghgt, mgl mbsitih ultuk 7 nilbt. 1) Vi Viti tihg hgd d gh ghgt gt ji jirj rjul ulyb yb,, mbng mbngsu sukk kkgl gl tgju tgjula la BB mg mgl l mbtu mbtutu tup, p, kinumbgl mbtikgl tcnjch zirc tcnjch  zirc..

4) ]gjula gjula fc fclt ltcd cd B mb mbng ngsu sukk kkgl gl mgl mbtut mbtutup, up, ki kinu numb mbgl gl mbti mbtikg kgl l tcnjch rigm. Hbdgt mgl fgtgt dgsbh pinjgfggl.

9.

Yob Pg Pgrgnitir Nb Nbkrcjbchcab

g. ]ctgh Fchb  (Fchb Arcup) Nitcmi? GPDG :7st Imbtbcl ]d. :009 2:::J*.

Mgsg Mg sgrr?

Pil ilit itgp gpgl gl

mb mbhhgk gkuk ukgl gl

mi mila lagl gl

fgr grg g

nily nilygr grbbla

fclt fcltcd cd

nila ni laau aulg lgkg kgl l ni ninj njrg rgli li eb ebht htir ir ukur ukurgl gl 0.=9 0.=9 ¹n, ¹n, ki kinu numb mbgl gl dgsbh dgsbh sgrbla sgr blagl gl mbngsuk mbngsukkgl kgl ki mghgn

pitrb pitrb ygla mb mghgnlyg mghgnlyg tirmgpgt tirmgpgt

nimbg Ilmc gagr . Vitihgd blkujgsb blkujgsb := ogn milagl milagl sudu 61°F gkgl gkgl tirhbdgt kchclb ygla nitghbk.

Fgrg Kirog?

7)

Mbsb Mbsbnp npgl gl nimb nimbg g Ilm Ilmc c gagr   mgh mghgn gn fgw fgwgl gl Pitrb Pitrb milagl milagl

kitijghgl 6 nn.

:)

Mbngsukkgl Mbngsu kkgl fcltcd sijglygk sijglygk 700 nh milagl ninjrgli

ebhtir  ygla  ygla tihgd mbsimbgkgl. 6) Mbsb Mbsbnp npgl gl ninjr ninjrgli gli ebhtir  ebhtir   mb gtgs gtgs nimb nimbg g yg ygla la su sumg mgd d mbsbgpkgl

=)

Mbblkujgsb pgmg sudu 61°F · 0,9 sihgng := ogn.

9)

Mbdbtu Mbd btula la ounhgd ounhgd jgktirb jgktirb ygla ygla tunjud tunjud jirwgrl jirwgrlg g nitghb nitghbk k

milagl fchcly fcultir .

Pirdbtulagl? Ounhgd kchclb/700 nh >

g. I. Fchb  9:

 

Nitcmi? GPDG :7st Imbtbcl ]d. :009 2:::M*.

Mgsg Mg sgr; r;

Pili Pilitg tgpg pgl l

mb mbhg hgku kukg kgl l

mi mila lagl gl

fgrg fg rg

nily nilygr grbl bla a

fclt fc ltcd cd

nila ni laau aulg lgkg kgl l nin ninjrg jrgli li ebh ebhtir  tir   ukur ukurgl gl 0.=9 0.=9 ¹n. ¹n. Dg Dgsb sbhh sg sgrb rblag lagl l mb mbng ngsu sukk kkgl gl ki mg mghg hgn n pi pitr trbb ygl gla a mb mg mghg hgnl nlyg yg tirm tirmgp gpgt gt nimb nimbg g fgnpurgl Zcsghbf gfbm  milagl  milagl NEF Jrctd Jgsi.  Jgsi. Vitihgd blkujgsb :=  ogn milagl sudu ==°F gkgl tirhbdgt t irhbdgt kchclb ygla jbru nitghbk. Fgrg Kirog?

7)

Mbsb Mbsbnp npgl gl nimb nimbg g fg fgnp npur urgl gl Zcs Zcsghb ghbf f gfbm  gfbm   mil mila agl NEF 

Jrctd Jgsi mghgn Jgsi mghgn fgwgl Pitrb milagl kitijghgl 6 nn.

:)

Mbngsukkgl Mbngsu kkgl fcltcd sijglygk sijglygk 700 nh milagl ninjrgli

ebhtir  ygla  ygla tihgd mbsimbgkgl.

6)

Mbsb Mbsbnp npgl gl ninjr ninjrgli gli ebhtir  ebhtir   mb gtgs gtgs nimb nimbg g yg ygla la su sumg mgd d

mbsbgpkgl.

=)

Mbblkujgsb pgmg sudu ==°F · 0,9 sihgng := ogn.

Mbdbtula ounhgd jgktirb ygla tunjud jirwgrlg jbru milagl 9) fchcly fcultir.

E. Ghg Ghgsgl sgl Pin Pinbhb bhbdgl dgl Ni Nitcm tcmi i Glg Glghbs hbsbs bs Nitcmi glghbsbs ygla mbaulgkgl ultuk fcltcd gbr zclg 9 gmghgd nitcmi glghb glg hbsb sbs s yg ygla la ti tihg hgd d mb mbau aulgk lgkgl gl mb hg hgjcr jcrgt gtcr crbu bun. n. Dg Dghh blb blb jirt jirtuo uoug ugl l ult ultuk uk niladbl nil adblmgrb mgrb gmglyg gmglyg kisghg kisghgdgl dgl pikirog pikiroggl gl mgl niygkb niygkblkgl lkgl dgsbh, dgsbh, kgr kgrilg ilg dgnpb dgn pbrr si sinu nug g nitcm nitcmi i nili nilirgp rgpkg kgl l stglm stglmgr gr nitcm nitcmi i gfug gfugl l si sipir pirtb tb VLB VLB ,GPDG mgl MZ. Ghgsgl hgbl nilaaulgkgl nitcmi blb gmghgd niladingt pilaaulg pila aulggl gl pirigk pirigksb, sb, kgrilg kgrilg gpgjbhg gpgjbhg nilaaul nilaaulgkg gkgl l nitcmi nitcmi jgru, jgru, pirhu pirhu mbhgkukgl vghbmgsb nitcmi ygla gkgl nilgnjgd pingkgbgl pirigksb.

A. Pirg Pirghgtgl hgtgl ygla Mbaul Mbaulgkgl gkgl Pirgh Pi rghgtg gtgl l bl blst stru runi nil l yg ygla la mb mbau aulgk lgkgl gl pgmg pgmg glgh glghbs bsbs bs gbr gbr nblun nblun yg ygla la jirsunji jirs unjirr mgrb ngtg ngtg gbr mb hgjcrg hgjcrgtcrb tcrbun un PMGN PMGN ]brtg ]brtg Pgk Pgkugl ugl Kctg Jcacr gmghgd sijgagb jirbkut?

g.b.7.

pD nitir

pD mbmieb mbmieblbs lbsbkg bkgl l sijgagb sijgagb hcagrbt hcagrbtng ng mgrb mgrb kijghb kijghbkgl kgl kclsiltr kclsiltrgsb gsb mgr mgrbb bcl dbmrcail. Prblsbp nitcmi pctilsbcnitrb ygbtu sugtu fgrg glghbsbs ygla

96

 

jirmgs jir mgsgrk grkgl gl pilauku pilaukurgl rgl jimg pctilsb pctilsbgh gh mgrb sugtu sugtu sih ihiktr ihiktrckb ckbnbg nbg.. Pctilsbcnitir mbpgkgb ultuk nilaukur pctilsbgh mgl pD sugtu hgrutgl.

Agnjgr 6. Pd nitir

g.b. g.b.:. :.

Vpik Vpiktr trce cect ctcn cnit itir ir   Prblsb Prblsbp p spiktr spiktrcect cectcni cnitir tir ygbtu ygbtu pilagjs pilagjscrjs crjsbgl bgl fgdgyg fgdgyg pgmg

pglogla pglo gla aihcnj aihcnjgla gla tirtilt tirtiltu. u. Gjscrj Gjscrjglsb glsb tirsijut tirsijut sijglmb sijglmbla la milagl milagl kcls kclsil iltr trgs gsbb

zgtt zg

(bcl (bcl))

ygla yg la ji jirs rsbe begt gt wgrl wgrlg g

kcnp kcnphi hini nilt ltir ir..

Egkt Egktcr cr

kitgogngl ngtg pgmg kchcrbnitir mgpgt mb agltbkgl milagl sugtu sih ectchbstrbk ygla sifgrg hglasula nilaukur bltilsbtgs mgrb fgdgyg ygla mbpglfgrkgl mbpglf grkgl (Bt) mgl sifgrg tbmgk hglasula fgdgyg ygla mb gjscrjsb (Bg),  ogmb tiragltula pgmg wgrlg mgrb jilmg. Dukun mgsgr spiktrcectcnitir gmghgd dukun Hgnjirt- Jiir  milagl  milagl pirsgnggllyg? pirsgnggll yg? G > ι . t . f Mbnglg? G > gjscrjgl ι > ipsbhcl (nchgr gjscrjglfy blmix) t > tijgh nimbg f > kclsiltrgsb

Agnjgr =. Kurvg Kghbjrgsb

Oilbs spiktrcectcnitir gmg mug ngfgn, ygbtu spiktrcectcnitir sblahi jign mgl spiktrcectcnitir mcujhi jign. jign. Pgmg spiktrcectcnitir spiktrcectcnitir sbl sblahi ahi jign dglyg tirmgpgt sgtu jirkgs sblgr ygla mbhiwgtkgl nihghub kuvit. Jhglkc, hgrutgl stglmgr, mgl sgnpih mbpirbksg mbpirb ksg sifgrg sifgrg jiragltbgl. jiragltbgl. Vimglakgl Vimglakgl spiktrcectcni spiktrcectcnitir tir mcujhi jign

9=

 

sunjir fgdgyg mbjgab nilogmb mug jirkgs chid firnbl ygla jirputgr (fdcppir ). ). Jirkgs ygla pirtgng nihghub kuvit ygla jirbsb jhglkc mgl ygla kimug nihghub kuvit ygla jirbsb stglmgr gtgu sgnpih (jhglkc mgl sg sgnp npih ih mb mbpir pirbk bksg sg jirsg jirsgng nggl gl). ). Jh Jhglk glkc c jira jiraulg ulg ultuk ultuk nils nilstgj tgjbh bhkgl kgl gjscrjsb gkbjgt pirujgdgl vchtgsi gtgu B0 mgrb sunjir fgdgyg.

Agnjgr 9. Vpiktrcectcnitir YU-Ubs

g.b.6 .b.6..

]ur urj jbm bmbn bni itir tir   Prblsb Prblsbp p mgrb mgrb turjbmb turjbmbnit nitir ir ygbtu ygbtu pirjglm pirjglmbla blagl gl sbegt sbegt cptbs cptbs gltgrg gltgrg

fcltcd milagl stglmgr. Vbegt cptbslyg gltgrg hgbl dgnjurgl mgl gjscrjsb fgdgyg ygla nihghublyg. ]urjbmbtgs nirupgkgl sbegt cptbs gkbjgt mbspirsb sb sblg lgrr

mg mgl l

mb mbpg pglt ltuh uhkg kgl l

mg mgpg pgtt

mb mbly lygt gtgk gkgl gl si sijg jgag agbb pi pirj rjgl glmb mbla lagl gl fg fgdg dgyg yg yg ygla la

ti tird rdgm gmgp gp fg fgdg dgyg yg ygl gla a

tbjg tbjg..

Blti Bltils lsbt btgs gs fg fgdg dgyg yg ygl gla a

mbpgltuhkgl chid sugtu suspilsb gmghgd eulasb kclsiltrgsb obkg kclmbsbkclmbsb hgbllyg kclstgl. Nitcmi Nit cmi turjbmb turjbmbtgs tgs mgpgt mgpgt mbkihcn mbkihcnpck pckkgl kgl mghgn mghgn tbag tbag achclag achclagl, l, ygbtu ygb tu pilauku pilaukurgl rgl pirjglm pirjglmbla blagl gl bltils bltilsbtg btgs s fgdgyg fgdgyg ygla ygla mbdgnj mbdgnjurk urkgl gl tirdgmg tir dgmgp p blt bltilsb ilsbtgs tgs fgdgyg fgdgyg ygla ygla mgtgla, mgtgla, pilauku pilaukurgl rgl pirjglmb pirjglmblag lagl l fgdgyg ygla mbtiruskgl tirdgmgp fgdgyg ygla mgtgla, mgl pilaukurgl ieik ikstblasb ygbtu, kimghgngl sggt fgdgyg nuhgb tbmgk tgnpgk mb mghgn nimbun ygla kirud. Pilaukurgl turjbmbtgs milagl nitcmi  nitcmi   Lieihcnitrb , ygbtu bltilsbtgs fgdgyg mbukur milagl hgrutgl stglmgr mgl jirjglmbla hurus tirdgmgp kclsiltrgsb mgl kitijghgl, titgpb ouag tiragltula pgmg  wgrlg. Vgtugl ygla mbaulgkgl ygbtu L]Y (Lieihcnitrb (Lieihcnitrb ]urjbmbty Ylbt ). ).

99

 

Agnjgr 5. ]urjbmbnitir

g.b.=.

Fclmuftbvbty  ‖  ‖ Nitir (Dgfd Vilsbcl 9) Fclmuftbvbty   nitir gmghgd ghgt ygla mbaulgkgl ultuk nilaukur

kclmuktglsb mgyg dgltgr hgrutgl ihiktrchbt. Pgmg ununlyg hgrutgl KFh mbaulgk mba ulgkgl gl sijgagb sijgagb hgr hgrutgl utgl pinjglm pinjglmbla bla.. Gh Ghgt gt blb ouag mgpgt mgpgt nil nilauk aukur ur ]MV.. Prblsb ]MV Prblsbply plyg g gmghgd gmghgd pilauku pilaukurgl rgl kgpgsb kgpgsbtgs tgs bcl tctgh tctgh tirutgn tirutgng g zgt glcr glcragl aglbk bk mghgn mghgn hg hgru rutgl tgl sg sgnp npih ih yg ygla la kc kcls lsil iltrg trgsb sb pilau pilauku kurg rglly llyg g mblygtgk mbly gtgkgl gl mghgn a/H gtgu

na/H na/H mgrb bcl- bcllyg. bcllyg. Ghgt Ghgt blb mbhi mbhilak lakgpb gpb

milagl tirncnitir ultuk nilaukur sudu.

Agnjgr 1. Kclmuktcni Kclmuktcnitir tir

g.b.9.  Gtcnbf Gjscrjtbcl Vpiftrcpdctcnitir (GGV) Vugtu blstrunilt blstrunilt mghgn bhnu kbnbg glghb glghbtbk tbk ygla mbaulgkgl mbaulgkgl ultuk nililtu nil iltukgl kgl kgmgr kgmgr sugtu sugtu ulsur ulsur mghgn mghgn silygwg silygwg jirmgsg jirmgsgrkg rkgl l sirgpgl sirgpgl

95

 

gtcnlyg gtcn lyg.. Mbkinj Mbkinjglak glakgl gl chid chid Qghsd Qghsd 7296. 7296. Mbaulgk Mbaulgkgl gl ultuk ultuk glghbsb glghbsbs s silygwg glcraglbk, gtgu hcagn (ach ghkghb tglgd, mgl ach ulsuri trglsbsb). Vpiftrun ygla mbukur mb mgirgd YU-Ubs. Vygrgt utgng sgnpih ygla mbukur gmghgd hgrutgl oirlbd. Vunjir rgmbgsb? DFH (Dchhcw Fgtdcmi Hgnp). Ninjutudkgl jgdgl pinjiltuk lyghg gpb tirmbrb mgrb euih mgl cxbmglt. cxbmgl t. Nitcmi GGV jirprblsbp jirprblsbp pgmg gjscrjsb gjscrjsb fgdgyg chid gtcn. GtcnGtcngtcn nilyirgp fgdgyg tirsijut pgmg pglogla aihcnjgla tirtiltu, tiragltula pgmg sbegt ulsurlyg. Milagl gjscrpsb ilirab, jirgrtb ninpirc nin pirchid hid

hijbd hijbd

jglygk jglygk

ilirab, ilirab,

sugtu sugtu

gtcn

pgmg

kigmggl kigmggl

mgsgrmblgbkgl mgsgrmb lgbkgl tblakgt tblakgt ilirablyg ilirablyg kitblakgt kitblakgt iksbtgsb. iksbtgsb. Kijirdg Kijirdgsbhgl sbhgl glghbsbs blb tiragltula pgmg prcsis iksbtgsb mgl   ninpirchid agrbs risclglsb

ygla tipgt. Glghbsbs kgmgr hcagn mghgn gbr jbgsglyg mbhgkukgl milagl jgltugl ghgt blb.

Agnjgr 4. GGV

g.b.5 .b.5..

Kch chc crbni rbniti tirr (Dgfd MZ 420) Kchcrbnitir Kchcr bnitir jikirog jirmgsgrkgl jirmgsgrkgl prblsbp prblsbp dukun Jiir-Hgnjir Jiir-Hgnjirt, t,

yg ygla la pily pilyirg irgpg pgl l fg fgdgy dgyg g nihg nihghu hubb nimb nimbg g jirj jirjglm glmbl bla a huru hurus s milag milagl l kclsiltrgsb nimbg. Mghgn kchcrbnitir, sijirkgs fgdgyg milagl pglogla aihcnjgla tirtiltu mbhiwgtkgl nihghub hgrutgl nihghub sirglakgbgl hilsg, yg ygla la nilu nilultu ltul l fg fgdgy dgyg g jirw jirwgr grlg lg ki jgabg jgabgl l pilauk pilaukur ur.. Kchc Kchcrb rbni nitir tir nilaglg nil aglghb hbsbs sbs wgrlg wgrlg mbjglmb mbjglmblakg lakgl l milagl milagl stglmgr stglmgr ygla ygla gmg. Vijugd Vijugd pr prcs csis iscr cr

kif kifbh

kinum inumbg bgl l

nil ilad adbt btul ula a

gj gjsc scrj rjgl glsb sb

gtgu gtgu

pi pirs rsil il

trglsnbtglsb. Obkg kclsiltrgsb hgrutgl hijbd jisgr, hijbd jglygk fgdgyg gkgl gkg l mbsirgp mbsirgp,, ygla ygla mgpgt mgpgt mbb mbbmilt miltbeb bebkgs kgsbb milagl milagl nilauku nilaukurr pirjimg pirjimggl gl gltgrg ounhgd fgdgyg mb gsgh mgl jgdwg sitihgd nihiwgtb hgrutgllyg.

91

 

Agnjgr 2. Kchcrbnitir Dgfd MZ 420

94

 

O. JGJ BU DGVBH DGVBH MG MGL L PINJGDGVG PINJGDGVGL L ]gjih dgsbh glghbsbs gbr mbstrbjusb zclg 9 juhgl Oglugrb :074 mbjglmblakgl milagl Pirgturgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl ZB Lc. =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 tglaagh 72 Gprbh :070 ]iltgla ]iltgla Kughbtgs Gbr Nblun. Mgpgt mbhbdgt mgrb mgtg mb jgwgd blb jgdwg jgd wg gmg :7 krbtirbg uob sisugb milagl stglmgr. ]irmgpgt 6 pgrgnitir uob ygbtu ? Ebsbkg , kbnbg, mgl nbkrcjbchcab.

]gjih :. Dgsbh Pgrgnitir Yob Lc

Pgrgnitir

Vgtugl

Dgsbh Glghbsbs

  Vtglmgr Kughbtgs Gbr

Mbstrbjusb _clg 9

Nblun

EBVBKG 0

F

sudu umgrg

7

Vudu*

:

Qgrlg

Pt-Fc

·6  79

6

Kikirudgl

L]Y

 9

0.29

= 9

]MV Jgu

na/h -

 900 tbmgk jirjgu

=2.:

tbmgk jirjgu

5

Zgsg

-

tbmgk jirgsg

tbmgk jirgsg

1

MDH*

¹V/fn

-

24.6

-

5,9-4,9

1.79

na/h

 :90

1.19

na/h

900

==.0:

na/h

 0,6

8 0,09

:9.9 0

KBNBG 4 2 70 77 7: 76 7= 79 75 71 74 72

:0

pD* -

Khcrbmg (Fh ) Kisgmgdgl (FgFC6)* Jisb (Ei:+) Nglagl (Nl:+)* Lbtrgt (LC6-) Lbtrbt (LC:-)* Vuhegt (VC=:-) Ghunblbun (Gh6+)* _gt Craglbk (KNlC=) Jbkgrjclgt (DFC6-) Bcl Kgh Kghsbu sbun n (Fg:+) Kgrjcl Mbcksbmg

na/h

  0,=

8 0,0:

na/h

 90

9.:9

na/h

 6

0,072

na/h na/h na/h

 :90  0,:

70

6,77 0,06 0.49

na/h

5=.77

na/h

5.:4

na/h

=.71

(FC:)

92

 

Vbglbmg

:7

(FL-) Gnclbgk

::

(LD6) Ehucrbmg (E-)

:6 :=

Vbsg Khcr Nbkrcjbchca

0,01

na/h

8 0,004

7,9

na/h

8 0,0:

7,9

na/h

8 0,7

na/h

0,6

:9

b Fchbecrn

/700nh

0

0

:5

I. Fchb

/700nh

0

0

  Kitirglagl? *) ]irngsuk ki mghgn rugla hblakup.  Vudu ygla mbpirchid mgrb dgsbh glghbsbs glghbsbs gbr Mbstrbjusb Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 gmghgd :9.9 °F, tihgd niniludb stglmgr Kiputusgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Lc. =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu sisugb milagl sudu umgrg gtgu milagl mivbgsb ngksbnun 6 °F. Zgsg Zgs g mgl jgu ygla ygla mbpirch mbpirchid id mgrb mgrb dgsbh dgsbh glg glghbs hbsbs bs gbr Mbstrbju Mbstrbjusb sb _clg 9 gmghgd tbmgk jirgsg mgl tbmgk jirjgu. Dgh blb tihgd niniludb stglmgr Kiputusgl Niltirb Nil tirb Kisidgt Kisidgtgl gl Zipujhb Zipujhbk k Blmclis Blmclisbg bg Lc. =2:/Nil =2:/Nilkis kis/Pi /Pir/B r/BU/: U/:070 070 ultuk ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu tbmgk jirjgu mgl tbmgk jirgsg.   Qgrlg Qgrlg pgmg pgmg gb gbrr Mbst Mbstrb rbjus jusbb _clg _clg 9 gmghg gmghgd d 0 Pt-F Pt-Fc c tihg tihgd d nini ninilud ludbb stglmgr

Kiputusgl

Niltrirb

Kisidgtgl

Zipujhbk

Blmclisbg

Lc.

=2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu ngksbnun 79 Pt-Fc.  Kikirudgl gbr mgrb gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 sijisgr 0.29 L]Y. Dgsbh blb tihgd sisugb milagl stglmgr Kiputusgl Niltrirb Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Lc. =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, milagl jgtgs ngksbnun 9 L]Y.

  pD gbr Mbstrbju Mbstrbjusb sb _clg 9 sijisg sijisgrr 1.79. 1.79. Dgsb Dgsbhh blb tihgd sisugb milag milagl l stgl stglmg mgrr

Kip iput utus usgl gl

Nilt Niltri rirb rb

Kis isid idgt gtgl gl

Zipu Zipujh jhbk bk

Blmc Blmcli lis sbg

Lc. Lc.

=2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu pD jirkbsgr 5.9-4.9. Kgmgr khcrbmg khcrbmg ygla mbpirchid mbpirchid mghgn gbr Mbstrbjus Mbstrbjusbb _clg 9 sijisgr 1.19 na/h. Dgsbh blb sisugb milagl stglmgr Kiputusgl Niltrirb Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Blmclisb Blmc lisbg g Lc. =2:/Nil =2:/Nilkis kis/Pi /Pir/BU r/BU/:0 /:070 70 ultuk ultuk stglmgr stglmgr gbr nblun, nblun, ygbtu ygbtu jgtg jgtgs s ngksbnun sijisgr :90 na/h.   Pgrgnitir Pgrgnitir kisgmgdgl mbdbtula sijgagb FgFC 6. Mgh Mghgn gn Gb Gbrr Mbstrb Mbstrbjus jusbb _clg 9 mbpirchid mbpirchid dgsbh ==.0: na/h. Dgsbh blb sisugb milagl stglmgr Kiputusgl Kiputusgl Niltrirb Niltri rb Kisidgt Kisidgtgl gl Zipujhb Zipujhbk k Blmclisb Blmclisbg g Lc. =2:/Nil =2:/Nilkis kis/Pir /Pir/BU /BU/:07 /:070 0 ultuk ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun 900 na/h.

50

 

 Kgmgr jisb mghgn gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 gmghgd 8 0,9 na/h gtgu hijbd kifbh mgrb mgrb hb hbnb nbtt mitik mitiksb sb gh ghgt gt.. Dgsb Dgsbhh bl blbb ti tihg hgd d nini ninilud ludbb mil milagl agl stgl stglmgr mgr Kiput Kiputus usgl gl Niltirb Nil tirb Kisidgt Kisidgtgl gl Zipujhb Zipujhbk k Blmclis Blmclisbg bg Lc. =2:/Nil =2:/Nilkis kis/Pi /Pir/B r/BU/: U/:070 070 ultuk ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun 0.6 na/H.  Kgmgr Nglagl mghgn gbr mbstrbjusb zclg 9 gmghgd 8 0.: na/h gtgu hijbd kifbh mgrb hbnbt mitiksblyg. mitiksblyg. Dgsbh blb sisugb milagl stglmgr Kiputus Kiputusgl gl Niltrirb Niltrirb Kisidgtgl Kisidgt gl Zipujhbk Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Blmclisbg Lc. =2:/Nilkis/P =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/: ir/BU/:070 070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun. 0.= na/h.  Dgsbh glghbsbs kgmgr Ghunblbun mghgn gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 sijisgr 0.06 na/h na /h dgsbh dgsbh bl blbb ti tihg hgd d si sisu sugb gb milag milagl l st stglm glmgr gr Kiput Kiputus usgl gl Niltr Niltrir irbb Kisi Kisidg dgtgl tgl Zipujhbk Zipujhb k Blmclisbg Blmclisbg Lc. =2:/Nilkis/P =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/: ir/BU/:070 070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun 0.: na/h. Kgmgr lbtrbt ultuk gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 mbpirchid dgsbh 0.072 na/h. Dgsbh blb sisugb milagl stglmgr Kiputusgl Kiputusgl Niltrirb Niltrirb Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Lc. =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun 6.0 na/h.  Kgmgr lbtrgt pgmg gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 sijisgr 9.:9 na/h. Dgsbh blb sisugb mila milagl gl st stgl glmg mgrr Kipu Kiputu tusg sgl l Nilt Niltri rirb rb Kisi Kisidg dgtg tgl l Zipu Zipujh jhbk bk Blmc Blmcli lisb sbg g Lc Lc.. =2:/Nilkis/Pi =2:/Nil kis/Pir/BU/: r/BU/:070 070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun ngksbnun 90 na/h.  Kgmgr Vuhegt pgmg zclg 9 sijisgr 6.77 na/h. Dgsbh blb sisugb milagl stglmgr

Kiputusgl

Niltrirb

Kisidgtgl

Zipujhbk

Blmclisbg

Lc.

=2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun :90 na/h. Kgmgr Vbglbmg pgmg zclg 9 sijisgr 8 0,004 na/h. Dgsbh blb sisugb milagl stglmgr

Kiputusgl

Niltrirb

Kisidgtgl

Zipujhbk

Blmclisbg

Lc.

=2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun 8 0,01 na/h. Kgmgr gnclbgk pgmg zclg 9 sijisgr 8 0,0: na/h. Dgsbh blb sisugb milagl stglmgr

Kiputusgl

Niltrirb

Kisidgtgl

Zipujhbk

Blmclisbg

Lc.

=2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun 7.90 na/h. Kgmgr zgt craglbk mghgn gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 gmghgd 0.49  na/h. Dgsbh blb tihgd niniludb niniludb stglmgr Kiputusgl Kiputusgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Lc. =75/Nil =75/ Nilkis kis/Pi /Pir/BT r/BT/722 /7220 0 ultuk ultuk gbr jirsbd, jirsbd, ygb ygbtu tu kgmgr kgmgr zgt cra craglb glbk k ngksbn ngksbngh gh mghgn gbr jirsbd sijisgr 70 na/h.

57

 

  Dgsbh glghbsbs ounhgd Fchbecrn mgl I. Fchb pgmg gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 gmghgd 0 kchclb/nh. Dgsbh blb tihgd sisugb milagl stglmgr Kiputusgl Niltrirb Kisidgtgl Zipujhbk Blmclisbg Lc. =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 ultuk stglmgr gbr nblun, ygbtu jgtgs ngksbnun 0 kchclb/700 nh.

5:

 

K.JGJ U VBNPYHGL MGL VGZGL G. Vbn Vbnpuh uhgl gl  Jirmgsgrkgl dgsbh glghbsbs ygla mbhgkukgl tirdgmgp pgrgnitir ebsbkg ygla nihbputb sudu; jgu; rgsg mgl kikirudgl, pgrgnitir kbnb kbnbg g ygla nihbputb pD; kgmgr khcrbmg; khcrbmg; kgmgr kghsbun kghsbun kgrjclgt; kgrjclgt; kgmgr jisb; kgmgr nglagl; kgmgr lbtrbt; kgmgr lbtrgt; kgmgr suhegt; kgmgr ghunulbun; kgmgr zgt craglbk mgl sbsg khcr, sirtg pgrgnitir nbkrcjbchcab ygla ygla nihbputb tctgh Fchb mgl I. Fchb  ,   , mgpgt mbsbnpuhkgl jgdwg gbr Mbstrbjusb _clg 9 tihgd niniludb Pirgturgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl ZB Lc. =2:/Nilkis/Pir/BU/:070 tglaagh 72 Gprbh :070 ]iltgla Kughbtgs Gbr Nblun.

J. Vgrgl  PMGN mbdgrgpkgl mgpgt nilgnjgd pgrgnitir uob sisugb milagl Pirgturgl Niltirb Kisidgtgl sidblaag mgpgt tirus nilblakgtkgl ognblgl kughbtgs gbr mgl ninpirhugs ogrblagl mbstrbjusb mbstrbjusb gbr nblun sidblaag sihurud sihurud ngsygrgkgt Kctg Jcacr mgpgt nilaaulgkgl gbr ygla tirognbl kughbtgslyg.

56

 

H. MGE]GZ MGE]GZ PYV]G PYV]GKG KG Gh Ghgir girts ts,, M. B., & Vgltb Vgltbkg kg,, B. V. V.724 724=. =.Nitcmg Nitcmg Pilihitbgl Pilihitbgl Gbr. Gbr.Vurgjgy Vurgjgyg? g? Ysgdg Lgsbclgh. GPDG. :07:. Vtglmgrm Nitdcms ecr ]di Ixgnblgtbcl ce Qgtir glm Qgstiwgtir. ::td Imbtbcl. Imbtim jy j y Ariiljira Grlchm I., Z, Zdcmis ]rusihh glm Hilcri V Fhisfirh. F hisfirh. Gnirbfgl Gnirbfgl Pujhbf Dightd Gsscfbgtbcl Qgsdblatcl M.F. Jgmgl Jgm gl Vtglmgr Vtglmgrbsg bsgsb sb Lgsbclg Lgsbclgh. h. 7227. 7227. VLB.05VLB.05-:=:5 :=:5-722 -7227. 7. Nitcmi j Pilauobgl Vuhegt  mghgn Gbr milagl Ghgt Vpiktrcectcnitir. Jgmgl Vtglmgrbsgsb Lgsbclgh. :00=. VLB.05-5242.77-:00=. Gbr VLB.05-5242.77-:00=. Gbr mgl Gbr Hbnjgd ‖  Fgrg Yob mirgogt kigsgngl (pD) milagl nilaaulgkgl ghgt pD nitir. Jgmgl Vtglmgrbsgsb Lgsbclgh. :00=. VLB.05-5242.7:-:00=. Gbr VLB.05-5242.7:-:00=. Gbr mgl Gbr Hbnjgd ‖  Fgrg Yob Kisgmgdgl (FgFC6 ) . Jgmgl Vtglmgrbsgsb Lgsbclgh. :00=. VLB.05-5242.72-:00=. Gbr VLB.05-5242.72-:00=. Gbr mgl Gbr Hbnjgd ‖  Fgrg Yob Khcrbmg (Fh  ) milagl nitcmi grailtcnitrb (ncdr)

Jgmgl Vtglmgrbsgsb Lgsbclgh. :00=. VLB.05-5242.=-:00=. Gbr VLB.05-5242.=-:00=. Gbr mgl Gbr Hbnjgd ‖  Fgrg Yob jisb (Ei) sifgrg Vpiktrcectcnitrb Vpiktrce ctcnitrb Virgpgl Gtcn (VVG) ‖ lyghg. Jgmgl Vtglmgrbsgsb Lgsbclgh. :00=. VLB.05-5242.2-:00=. Gbr VLB.05-5242.2-:00=. Gbr mgl Gbr Hbnjgd ‖  Fgrg Yob Lbtrbt (LC : ) milagl Vpiktrcectcnitrb. Glclbnus.(l.m.).N Glclbnus.(l.m.). Ngt gtg g

Gb Gbr  r ..Zit Zitrb rbiv ivim im

Misi Misinj njir ir

7: 7:,,

:0 :070 70,,

mg mgrb rb

Qbkb Qbkbpi pimb mbg? g?

dttp?//bm.n.wbkbpimbg.cra/wbkb/ngtgSgbr. Glclbnus.:002.Ngtirb Glclbnus.:002. Ngtirb Pilagwgsgl Kughbtgs Gbr.Jikgsb? Gbr.Jikgsb? Jghgb Mbkhgt Gbr Jirsbd mgl PHP. Bsngbh, D. I. Krbslglmb, Mrs.,J.Vf.,:07=. Pilagltgr Glghbsbs Blstruniltgh . Jcacr? Vikchgd Nililagd Glghbs Kbnbg Jcacr. Egrmbgz, V.722:. Pchusb Gbr mgl Ymgrg. R Ymgrg. Rcaygkgrtg? caygkgrtg? Pilirjbt Pilirj bt Kglbsbus. Hgjcrgtcrbun PMGN.:075.Blstruksb PMGN.:075.Blstruksb Kirog.Jcacr? Kirog.Jcacr? PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr. Vgilb, N. V.7227. Mgnpgk Pgmg Kughbtgs Gbr. Jcacr? Gbr.  Jcacr? PPHD Hinjgag Pilihbtbgl BPJ. Vikchgd Nililagd Glghbs Kbnbg Jcacr. :075. Pglmugl Prgktbk Kirog Blmustrb. Jcacr? Vikchgd Nililagd Nili lagd Glghbs Kbnbg Jcacr. Qblgrlc, E. :004. Kbnbg Pglagl mgl Abzb Im.:004. Jcacr? Im.:004. Jcacr? N-Jrbc Priss. Ucaih. caih. 7249. 7249. Juku ]iks Glghbsbs Kughbtgtbe Ngkrc mgl Vinb Nbkrc. Nbkrc. Ogkgrtg? P] Kghngl Nimbg Pustgkg.

5=

 

59

 

N.

HGNPBZGL

Hgnpbrgl 7. Grtb Hcac PMGN ]brtg Pgkugl Kctg Jcacr

55

 

VBV]IN PILRIMBGGL GBZ NBLYN PMGN ]BZ]G PGKYGL KC]G JCACZ  JC ACZ  Mbstrbjusb =6 h/m h/mtt _cli _cli 5

Kctg Jgtu 5: h/mt

Mbstrbjusb :7,4 h/m h/mtt _cli 7

]glakbh 70: h/mt 12 h/mt

Bltgki Gbr Jgku

Blstghgsb Q]P Mikila 9=7 h/mt

Fbdirgla Fbdir gla Pclmck 500 h/mt

BU Zisirvcbr BU 7:.000 N6

917 h/mt

Mbstrbjusb 9=1 h/mt _cli _cli = Kcltgk Kclt gk Jgsbl

40 h/mt V. Fbsgmgli

Blstghgsb Q]P Fbpgku :70 h/mt Bltgki Gbr Jgku Fbpgku

Jgltgr Jgltgr Kgnj Kgnjbla bla 794 h/mt

BB Zisirvcbr BB 2.000N 6

749 h/mt

Mbstrbjusb 661 h/mt _cli 6

Kcltgk Kcltg k Jgsbl

761 h/mt Zisirvcbr B =.000N 6

Mbstrbjusb :7,: h/mt _cli _cli 7 >

NI]IZ IHIF]ZCLBF

> PCNPG

> KG]YP ]IZ]Y]YP > VYNJIZ NG]G GBZ 

51

 

Hgnpbrgl :. Prcsis Pilachgdgl Gbr Vijgabgl

54

 

Hgnpbrgl 6. Agnjgr Prcsis Pilachgdgl

Agnjgr 70. Bltgki

Agnjgr 77. Prgsimbnil Prgsimbniltgsb tgsb

52

 

Agnjgr 7:. Pilgnpulagl Gbr Jgku

10

 

Agnjgr 76. Kcgauhgsb mgl Ehckuhgsb

Agnjgr 7=. Vimbniltgsb 17

 

Agnjgr 79. Girgsb

Agnjgr 75. Misbleiksb

1:

 

Agnjgr 71. Ebhtrgsb

16

 

Hgnpbrgl =. Mgetgr Pinjugtgl Pirigksb 7. Hgrutgl Nglagl Vuhegt? (Mbtbnjgla 7:0 argn NlVC=.=D:C gtgu 700 argn NlVC=.:D:C gtgu 27 argn NlVC=. D:C mbhgrutkgl mghgn hgju ukur :90 nh milagl gqugmist).

:. Hgrutgl Ghkghb Bcmbmg? (Mbtbnjgla 7:9 a LgCD gtgu 719 a KCD kinumbgl mbtbnjgla 66.19 a LgB gtgu 61.9 a KB mbhgrutkgl milagl gqugmist mghgn hgju ukur :90 nh. Vitihgd hgrutgl mblabl tgnjgdkgl :.9 a LgL 6 ygla mbhgrutkgl mghgn 4 nh gqumist. Mbsbnpgl mghgn jctch phgstbk).

6. Hgrutgl Lgtrbun ]bcsuhegt 0.0:9 L? (Mbtbnjgla 6.70: a Lg :V:C6.9D:C mb ngsukkgl mghgn hgju ukur 7000 nh. Mbhgrutkgl milagl gqugmist, mbtgnjgdkgl 0.=0 argn LgCD pgmgtgl gtgu 7.9 nh LgCD 5L mbdbnpbtkgl milagl gqugmist sgnpgb tglmg agrbs).

=. Hgrutgl Gnbhun (kglob) 0.90%? (Mbtbnjgla 0.90 a gnbhun mbhgrutkgl milagl 700 nh gqugmist dglagt).

9. Hgrutgl KB :0%?

(Mbtbnjgla :0 a KB mbhgrutkgl milagl gqugmist mghgn hgju ukur 700 nh).

5. Hgrutgl K:Fr:C1 0.7 L? (Mbtbn (Mb tbnjgla jgla K:Fr:C1  (sitihg (sitihgd d mbpglgs mbpglgskgl kgl)) sijglyg sijglygk k 7.::94 7.::94 a hgr hgrutkg utkgl l milagl gqugmist dblaag :90 nh).

1. Hgrutgl D:VC= (jueeir suhegt ultuk Pilitgpgl FCM mgl JCM) (Mbtbnjgla : a GaVC= mghgn :90 nh D:VC= pikgt, jbgrkgl 7-: dgrb sgnpgb Ga:VC= hgrut).

4. Blmbkgtcr Eircbl? (Mbhgr grut utk kgl 7.= .=4 49 a 7, 7,7 70 ‖  pdilgltdrchbli  pdilgltdrchbli   nc nclc lcdb dbmr mrgt gt mg mgl l 52 529 9 na EiVC=.1D:C, mghgn gqugmist mgl ilfirkgl nilogmb 700 nh).

2. Hgrutgl stglmgr Eirrc Gnnclbun Vuhegt 0.7 L? (Mbtb tbn njgla

62

a

Ei(LD=):(VC=):.5D:C,

hgr grut utkg kgl l

mi mila lagl gl

gq gqug ugmi mist st

tgnjgdkgl :0 nh D :VC= pikgt, mblablkgl mgl ogmbkgl 7 H).

70. Hgrutgl Vpisbgh ultuk Nl? (Mbtbnjgla 74,19 na DaVC=. Mbhgrutkgl milagl 700 nh DLC 6 pikgt + 90 nh gqugmist + 4,19 a GaLC 6. Mbhgrutkgl jirsgng ki mghgn hgju ukur :90 nh mgl mbdbnpbtkgl milagl gqugmist (mbngsukkgl ki mghgn jctch fckhgt).

77. Hgrutgl Dymrcksbhgnbl dymrcfdhcrbmi 70 dymrcfdhcrbmi 70 %?

1=

 

(M (Mbt btbn bnjg jgla la 70 a Dymrcksbhgnbl dymrcfdhcrbmi. dymrcfdhcrbmi. Mbhgrutkgl ki mghgn hgju ukur 700 nh milagl gqugmist).

7:. Hgrutgl Jueeir Gsitgt? (Mbt (Mbtbn bnjg jgla la :90 argn argn gnnc gnnclb lbun un gsitg gsitgt. t. Mbhg Mbhgru rutk tkgl gl milag milagl l 790 790 nh gqugmist. Mbtgnjgdkgl 190 nh gsgn gsitgt ahgsbgh ki pbghg aihgs 7000 nh).

76. Hgrutgl Crtcpdilgltrchbli Crtcpdilgltrchbli?? (Mbt (Mbtbn bnjg jgla la 0,7 a 7, 7,7070-pdi pdilgl lgltr trch chbl bli i nclcdymrgti nclcdymrgti.. Mbhg Mbhgru rutk tkgl gl milag milagl l gqugmist 90 nh ki mghgn pbghg aihgs, jchid mbpglgskgl sgnpgb 40 0F ultuk nihgrutkgl gtgu mbtgnjgdkgl : titis DFh pikgt. Hgrutgl mbpblmgdkgl ki mghgn hgju ukur 700 nh mgl mbdbnpbtkgl sgnpgb tglmg agrbs).

7=. Hgrutgl FgFC6 0.07 N? (Mbtbnjgla 0.7 argn FgFC6 gldbmrgt ygla sijihunlyg mbpglgskgl mghgn cvil milagl sudu 709 °F. Mbhgrutkgl milagl gbr dglagt pgmg hgju ukur 700 nh. Mbtgnjgdkgl Mbtgnjgdkgl DFh 7?7. Mbtgnjgdkgl Mbtgnjgdkgl blmbkgtcr NN 7%. Mblitrghkgl Mblitrghkgl milagl LD=CD 6L sgnpgb wgrlg sblmur. Mbdbnpbtkgl milagl gbr suhbla.)

79. Hgrutgl Zigailt Nbx  pgmg  pgmg pilitgpgl LC:-? (Mbtbnjgla (Mbtb njgla 0.7 argn LIM mgl 7 argn Vuheglbhgnb Vuheglbhgnbm. m. Mbhgrutkgl Mbhgrutkgl mghgn hgju ukur 700 nh. Mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh D 6PC= pikgt. Mbdbnpbtkgl Mbdbnpbtkgl milagl gbr suhbla.)

75. Mbpdilyh Fgrjgzcli? (Mbtbnjgla 0.9 argn mbpdilyh fgrjgzcli + 0.09 argn Jrcnc Pdilch Jhui + 0.7: argn argn xyhilch xyhilch Fyglch EE. EE. Mbhgrut Mbhgrutkgl kgl milagl milagl ghkcdch ghkcdch 29 % sgn sgnpgb pgb vchuni 700 nh.)

71. Blmbkgtcr PP 0.7 % (Mbtbnjgla 0.7 argn pdilch etghibl mgl mbhgrutkgl mghgn 700 nh ghkcdch.)

74. Hgrutgl Jueeir pD 70? Fgrg 7? (7 (75. 5.2 2 argn argn LD=Fh mi mila lagl gl 7= 7=6 6 nh LD=CD(p)  + 7.:9 7.:9 ar argn gn Na Na-I -IM] M]G G kinumbgl mbhgrutkgl nilogmb :90 nh milagl gbr suhbla.) Fgrg :? (7 (7.7 .7=2 =2 argn argn Lg:IM]G.:D:C + 140 na NaVC =.1D:C gtgu 5== na NaFh:.5D:C milagl 90 nh gbr suhbla + 75.2 argn LD =Fh milagl 7=6 nh LD=CD (p). Kinumbgl gmuk.)

72. Hgrutgl Jueeir VC=:- ? 19

 

(Mbtbnjgla 79 argn NaFh :.5D:C kinumbgl :.9 argn FD6FCCLg.6D:C mgl 0.09 argn Lg:VC= mgl mbtgnjgdkgl 70 nh FD 6FCCD (P). Kinumbgl mbhgrutkgl mghgn 900 nh gqugmis.

15

 

Hgnpbrgl 9. Mgetgr Pilybnpglagl Kughbtgs G Gbr br  

PILAGZYD PILRBNPGLAGL PGZGNI]IZ V]GLMGZ KYGHB]GV GBZ NBLYN ]IZDGMGP IV]I]BKG NGYPYL KIVIDG]GL Jgtgs

Lc.

Pgrgnitir

7

Ebsbkg  Vudu

Vgtugl

Vygrgt Nbl Ngx

Kitirglagl

c

Vudu umgrg

-

Bltilsbtgs rgsg pghbla tblaab pgmg sudu kgngr.

-

Pgmg gbr milagl sudu rilmgd vbrus gkgl jirtgdgl dbmup.

F

c

·6 F

Pgmg pD tirtiltu mgl sudu tblaab pilaurgbgl gsgn dbpckhcrbt hij kugt.

-

Kifipgtgl Kifipg tgl

pinjil pinjiltukgl tukgl

tdbdgh tdbdghcnitgl cnitgl (]DNs (]DNs))

jirtg jirtgnj nj

milagl lgbklyg sudu.

-

Vudu rilmgd kglmulagl cksbail tirhgrut mghgn gbr hijbd jis kifipgtgl kcrcsb nilblakgt.

:

Qgrlg

]FY

79

6

Jgu

-

=

Kikirudgl

L]Y

79

9

_gt

na/ht

7000

]mk jirjgu

-

Ninpilagrudb tirdgmgp siab istitbkg. Nilyijgjkgl prctis tirdgmgp ngsygrgkgt. Kikirudgl tblaab nilagkbjgtkgl nbkrccraglbsni tirhblmulab m ieik misbleiksb.

Pgmgt

-

]irhgrut (]MV)

Ninjirbb rgsg tbmgk Ninjir tbmgk ilgk pgmg hbm hbmgd, gd, rgsg nug nugh, h,

"fgrmb 

mbsigsi"" mgl tcxinbg pgmg wglbtg dgnbh. mbsigsi

-

Ninpil Nin pilagr agrudb udb kisgmg kisgmgdgl dgl , sbegtsbegt-sbeg sbegtt kcr kcrcsb csbee

sir sirtg tg tilmil

'tirdgmgp pinjiltukgl kirgk 7

Kbnbg  Mirgogt

5,9

4,9

-

Nilyijgjkgl kcrcsbebtgs.

-

Pinjiltukgl D:V jbhg pD81 mgl tirjiltuk ]rbkhcrcgnbl jbhg pD

Kigsgngl (pD)

: 6

Gh (Ghunulbun) Ei

(Jisb

na/ht /

na/ht

-

-

0,: 0,6

yglajirsbegt rgful. Nilbnjuhkgl rgsg pgdbt obkg pD < 1. Aglaaugl pgmg ctgk / numgd hupg. Nilbnjuhkgl kikirudgl sidblaag jirmgnpgk pgmg istibkg. Nilyijgjkgl rgsg tbmgk ilgk.

Ounhgd) =

FC:

na/ht

-

Jirpilagrud tirdgmgp istitbkg ( wgrlg, ilmgpgl mgl rgsg).

-

Nilbnjuhkgl rgsg gsbl mgl gnbs.

-

Kgmgr FgFC6

-

kcrcsb mgl prcjhin pihgpbsgl. Kgmgr Fg:+ sijisgr 700-600 na/h nilyijgjkgl rgsg gbr.

Nilyijgjkgl kcrcsb pgmg pbpg kgrilg jirsbegt kcrcsbe.

(Kgrjclmbcksbmg 9

) Fh (Fdhcrbmg)

na/ht

-

:90

5

Kisgmgdgl

na/ht

-

900

Nilaurglab ieiktbebtgs mghgn pilaaulggl sgjul pinjirsbd.

Ounhgd

11

700 na/h ninji ninjirbkgl rbkgl kisitb kisitbnjglag njglagl l gltg

 

1

Nl (Nglagl)

na/ht

-

7,0

-

Nilyijgjkgl kirusgkgl pgmg dgtb mgl jirsbegt rgful rblagl. Kclsiltrgsb Nl < 0,79 na/h gkgl ninpilagrudb rgsg. Kcls Kclsil iltr trgs gsbb Nl < 0, 0,: : na na/h /h gk gkgl gl ni ninp npil ilag agru rudb db rg rgsg sg m nilblaaghkgl lcmg pgmg pgkgbgl.

4

LC6 (L  (Lbtrgt)

na/ht

-

90

-

Filmir Fil mirula ula jirujg jirujgd d nilogm nilogmbb lbt lbtrbt rbt ygl ygla a mgpgt mgpgt jir jirigk igk

milagl dincahcjbl dincahcjbl mghgn mgrgd ninjiltuk ninjiltuk "nitdg "nitdgiahcj iahcjbb 2

LC: (Lbtrbt)

na/ht

-

6

-

ygla mgpgt niladgnjgt piroghglgl cksbail. Nily Ni lyijg ijgjk jkgl gl cks cksbm bmgs gsbb di dinc ncah ahcj cjbl bl nilo nilogm gmbb nila ni ladg dgnj njgt gt pi piro rogh ghgl glgl gl ck cksba sbail il

ki

nitdgiahcjb

ct ctgk gk

mg mgl l

mg mgp p

nilagkbjgtkgl Jhui Jgjbis  Jgjbis  pgmg jgyb y ygla gla jgru hgdbr jbhg kgm < 70 nh/h

-

Pgmg Pgm g kcl kclmbs mbsbb tirtil tirtiltu tu Lbtrbt Lbtrbt jir jirigk igksb sb mil milagl agl gnb gnbl l mgl gnb ninjiltuk lbtrcsgnbl ygla jirsbegt kgrsblcailbk.

70

Da (Zgksg)

na/ht

-

0.007

-

Nirgfulb sih-sih tujud nirusgk ablogh, dgtb mgl sygrge. Nilyijgjkgl kitirjihgkglagl niltgh. Pilyir Pil yirgpg gpgl l

silygwg silygwg

nir nirkur kurbb

glc glcrag raglbk lbk

mgrb mgrb

· 79

jirgkunuhgsb mghgn ablogh. 77

VC= (V  (Vuhegt)

na/ht

-

:90

7:

E (Ehucrbmg)

na/ht

-

7.9

-

Vilygwg nitbh-Da gkgl tirsirgp sifgrg fipgt mghgn mgrgd .

-

Ninjiltuk lcmg fckhgt pgmg abab mgl suhbt mbdbhglakgl. Nilyijgjkgl tirdghglalyg vbtgnbl, nblirgh mgl ilzbn.

Nilbnjuhkgl rgsg nugh.

Niyijgjkgl aioghg gkut jbhg E jirsilygwg milagl Fg. Nilagkbjgtkgl hunpud kgrilg "Ehucrbtbs ]uhgla" Nila Ni lagkb gkbjg jgtk tkgl gl kir kirgf gful ulgl gl Gk Gkut ut??

Piru Pirujg jgdg dgl l

pg pgtc tchc hcab abs s

pg

pi pilf lfir irlg lggl gl,, rgmg rgmgla la ju jugd gd pb pbla laag agl, l, kiru kirusg sgkgl kgl dg dgtb tb mg mgl l ct  ogltula. 76

FL (Vbglbmg)

na/ht

-

0.01

-

Mgpgt nirgfulb dgtb. Nilaaglaau nitgjchbsni cksbail sidblaag ogrblagl tujud

tbm

ngnpu nirujgd cksbail. 7=

Pj (]bnjgh)

na/ht

-

0.07

-

Jirgkunuhgsb mghgn ogrblagl tujud mgl nirgfulb ogrbla sygrge nitgjchbsni sifgrg gkunuhgtbe

-

79

Gs (Grsil)

na/ht

-

-

0.07

Pgmg

glgk - glgk

mgpgt nilyijgjkgl nilyijgjkgl

kirusgkgl kirusgkgl

ogrbla

sygrge ctgk, glinbg mgl kihunpudgl. Niladgnjgt piirtunjudgl niltgh glgk-glgk. Vilygwg jirgful mgl jirgkunuhgsb mghgn tujud. Nily Ni lyij ijgj gjkg kgl l

ag agla laa aug ugl l

sbst sbstbn bn

pil ilfi firl rlgg ggl l

mg mgl l

mg mgp p

nilyijgjkgl kglkir kuhbt, dgtb mgl sghurgl inpimu.

75

Vi (Vihilbun)

na/ht

-

-

0,07

Ninpilagrudb sbstbn sygrge siltrgh ygla nilyijgjkgl kcng. Mcsbs Grsil 10-40 na mgpgt niyijgjkgl kingtbgl Jirupg rgful ygla mbpirkbrgkgl nilyijgjkgl kirusgkgl dg ablogh mgl hbnpg.

-

Nilyijgjkgl Nilyij gjkgl

aglaaugl

pilfirlggl, pilfirlggl,

kuhbt

ninufgt ninufgt,,

m

kirusgkgl abab

- Kgmgr Vihilbu Vihilbun n : na/h nilbnjuhkgl nilbnjuhkgl k kingtbg ingtbgl l pgmg tbku  wgktu8 : juhgl. 71

Fr (Fdrcnbun)

na/ht

-

-

0,09

14

Nilyijgjkgl kglkir kuhbt, ghgt pilfirlggl mgl pgru-pgru. Fr5+ jirsbegt rgful mgl kgmgr 9% nilygkbjgtkgl kirgfulgl.

 

-

Mcsbs rilmgd brbtgsb sihgput hilmbr pilfirlggl ngkglgl. Kgmgr 70 na/ka jirgt jgmgl nilagkbjgtkgl aglaaugl dgtb m mgpgt nilagkbjgtkgl kingtbgl.

74

Fm (Fgmlbun)

na/ht

-

0.006

-

]irgku irgkunuhgsb nuhgsb jgtu ablogh, ablogh,

mghgn

ogrbla ogrblagl gl

tujud sidblaag sidblaag

nilyijgjk nilyijgjk

glaaug glaaugl l hgnjula, hgnjula, kirgpudgl kirgpudgl tuhgla, tuhgla, nilaurgl nilaurgl

dincahcjbl mgrgd mgl pbaniltgsb abab. 72

:0

Ga (Pirgk)

na/ht

_l (sila)

na/ht

-

-

-

-

6

Gkunuhgsb pgmg dgtb & ablogh mgl gkgl mbkihugrkgl nihghub urbl. ]irgkunuhgsb mghgn tujud mb dgtb & Hbnpg. Jirsbegt rgful Nilyijgjkgl pinumgrgl wgrlg kuhbt, rgnjut mgl kuku (Grairbg)

Kikurglagl Kikurg lagl _l mgpgt niladgnjgt niladgnjgt pirtunjudgl pirtunjudgl mgl aiog kitbmgk miwgsggl, tirngsuk glinbg.

-

Nilbnjuhkgl rgsg pgdbt mgl sipgt pgmg gbr nblun. Kgmgr < 9 na/h ninji ninjirbkgl rbkgl rgsg tbmgk ilgk, wgrlg jurgn m ninjiltuk hgpbsgl sipirtb hingk pgmg pilmbmbdgl gbr.

:7

Jg (Jgrbun)

na/ht

-

0.1

-

Mcsbs JgFh 990-500 na jirsbegt egtgh. Pgmg mcsbs tblaab nilyijgjkgl gksb rglasglagl ctct, ogltula m ghgt pilfirlggl.

-

Mcsbs kirgfulgl gkut ? :00-900 na.

-

Obkg jgyb nilagh nilaghgnb gnb midbmr midbmrgsb, gsb, kgmgr Lg nilbl nilblakgt akgt mghg phgsng (dypirlgtrginbg) nirusgk sygrge pirnglil.

-

Kgmgr tblaab tblaab mgpgt nilyijgjkgl nilyijgjkgl nultgd, nultgd,

::

Lg ( Lgtrbun)

na/ht

-

:00

:6

Pdilch

na/ht

-

0,00:

-

Jirsbegt rgful.

:=

(Pdilchbk) Jgktirb

0

0

-

Nilyijgjkgl Nilyij gjkgl pilygkbt pirut sipir sipirtb tb typdus, pgrgtypdus, mbsil

mgl nilaihu nilaihugrk grk

phgsng (dypirlgtrginbg) mgpgt nirusgk sygrge pirnglil.

pgtdcail :9

V

gtgu

mgl fdchirg. mgl  fdchirg. D:V

na/ht

-

0,09

-

Nilyijgjkgl bleiksb pgmg ngtg, kuhbt msj.

-

Niladghglab kirog ilzbn tirtiltu.

D:V jirsbegt sglagt jirgful mgl jirjgu jusuk.

(Vuhebmg) Jbhg tirdbsgp pgmg mcsbs 7=00-:700 na/n6 mghgn wgktu 60 ni

nilyijgjkgl kingtbgl milagl nihunpudkgl pusgt pirlgpgsgl

-

Nilbnjuhkgl rgsg & jgu tbmgk ilgk pgmg mcsbs 0,09-0,7 na/n 6. Nilyijgjkgl jblaula, jblaula, ngjuk krclbs, krclbs, jgtuk, jgtuk, pusbla mgl laglt pgmg mcsbs 10-100 na/n6

:5

Fu (]injgag)

na/ht

-

7,0

-

Nilbnjuhkgl rgsg tbmgk ilgk mgl mgpgt nilyijgjkgl kirusgk pgmg dgtb.

-

Ninpir Nin pirtbl tblaab aab kcr kcrcsb csb mgl nil nilbla blaagh aghkgl kgl lcmg lcmg obkg kgl kglmul mula a Fu