Laporan Magang
July 22, 2019 | Author: Fransiskus Xaverius Enrico Sibarani | Category: N/A
Short Description
Laporan Kerja Praktek adalah untuk memenuhi persyaratan dalam menyelesaikan Kerja Praktek Program Studi Teknik Elektro. ...
Description
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
]bdtu, 29
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Ehgiiu, 2:
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
Pbdoc =.=. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-= Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
Hg
]orvhmo
Hgspomthfg
b`bcbj
hgspolsh btbu poeorhlsbbg torjb`bp porbcbtbg ybgi `hcblsbgblbg `bcbe lob`bbg porbcbtbg dorfporbsh (fgchgo), `ogibg eogiiugblbg ? pbgmb hg`orb
`bg
so`orjbgb, ]oghg, 28 Ebrot 4>2:
^oeochjbrbbg poeutus
eotorhgi `ogibg
sombrb
pocblsbgbbg
porhf`o tortogtu (Ducbgbg).
togbib thpo IB] ]A1 Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ
Efghtfrhgi suju `hcblulbg sombrb ]ocbsb, 4> Ebrot 4>2:
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b
dorlbcb
`h
ththl
jftspft,
`bcbe
ththl jftspft (sombrb
lob`bbg poedodbgbg ybgi thgiih.
dorlbcb)
^orhf`o dodbg thgiih torkb`h pb`b puluc 2>.>> pbih `bg 20.>> shbgi.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Efghtfrhgi suju `hcblulbg `ogibg eogiiugblbg
bcbt
dorgbeb
‚Hgarbro` Pjorefirbpjy‘
^ogiombtbg ifrfgi-ifrfgi
pogybgiib
tutup
`hcblulbg
supbyb
th`bl dorlbrbt.
Tbdu, 42 Ebrot 4>2:
^ogiombtbg pogybgiib tutup ifrfgi-ifrfgi
Lbehs, 44
Eogmbrh dbjbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogmbrh
suedor
porpustblbbg.
chtorbturo
`h
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Kuebt, 4=
TOJBP
Ebrot 4>2:
]bdtu, 40
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Ehgiiu, 4?
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
Pbdoc =.0. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-0 Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
]oghg, 41
Hzhg porpbgkbgi
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
Hzhg ugtul eoeporpbgkbgi `urbsh ebibgi pb`b ducbg socbgkutgyb (Bprhc), `h IH Mhlupb. (>8.>?) ^EP 2?> lQ Loebgi 4 # (>8.>9) @] Toc H Loebgi 4 # (>8.>:) @] Chgo Loebgi 4 # (>8.20) @] 2/20 Loebgi 4 #
]ocbsb, 49
^oedodbsbg Loebgi
Ebrot 4>2:
4
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
^b`b jbrh Tbdu, loihbtbg lbch hgh b`bcbj pogiibgthbg MP btbu Prbaf Brus. ^b`b sbbt MP `btbgi, blbg `hcblulbg poeorhlsbbg ahshl torcodhj `bjucu
sodbibh
wuku`
sodubj
qubchty mfgtrfc. Ph`bl dfcoj b`b rotblbg, btbu dbjlbg roedosbg fch Tbdu, 4:
^ogiibgthbg MP `h
Ebrot 4>2:
Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ
trbaf.
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b ththl jftspft `h solhtbr dusdbr, ugtul eogiotbjuh pbgbs Lbehs, 48
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b
Ebrot 4>2:
ththl jftspft
`ogibg
eogiiugblbg
hgarbro` tfefirbpjy. ^og`otolshbg hgh
`hcblulbg
ugtul
eogmoibj
theducgyb dbjbyb lodblbrbg pb`b ththl
fvorjobthgi
tor`otolsh.
ybgi
th`bl
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Kuebt, =>
TOJBP
Ebrot 4>2:
]bdtu, =2
Eogmbrh dbjbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Ehgiiu, >2
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Bprhc 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogmbrh
suedor
chtorbturo
`h
porpustblbbg. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
Pbdoc =.?. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-? Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
]oghg, >4
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Bprhc 4>2:
ebibgi
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. @h ^EP b`b `ub lfg`hsh,
`hebgb
lfg`hsh cflbc `bg roefto. Lfg`hsh ]ocbsb, >=
^ogiukhbg dby
roefto
Bprhc 4>2:
mbpbshtfr IH Ibg`uc
dbihbg
soporth
porbwbtbg
poeochjbrbbg torkb`h
jbcgyb
ebhgtbgmo.
ibgiiubg,
eblb
dbihbg`bg Khlb ybgi
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
eogibtur b`bcbj `hstpbtmjor ybgi dorb`b
`h
cbpbgibg.
]oeogtbrb
lfg`hsh cflbc sog`hrh dolorkb `h `ub toepbt, `bcbe shtubsh ybgi th`bl eoeugilhglbg btbu dordbjbyb.
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b ththl jftspft `h solhtbr dusdbr, ugtul eogiotbjuh pbgbs
`ogibg
hgarbro`
tfefirbpjy.
suju
`hcblulbg
eogiiugblbg Efghtfrhgi
pb`b
sbbt
poedodbgbg thgiih, solhtbr puluc 2>.>> pbih. Tbdu, >0
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b
Bprhc 4>2:
ththl jftspft
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Lbeh `hbkbl Ebs Olf (tolghsh `h Ibg`uc 2?> Lv), eochjbt lo `bcbe rubgi chgilup pogyucbgi soc 4> lQ. @hsbgb lbeh eoepocbkbrh `ogbj ]hgico Chgo @hbirbe IH Ibg`uc. Lbehs, >?
Eogiogbc rubgi chgilup pogyucbgi soc
Bprhc 4>2:
4> lQ
=.?. ^ocubgi `bg Log`bcb ybgi `hjb`bph =.?.2. ^ocubgi Xbgi @hjb`bph ^ocubgi ybgi poguchs `bpbt pb`b sbbt lorkb ebibgi b`bcbj sodbibh dorhlut; 2. Hlut dorporbg `bcbe subtu poeochjbrbbg ybgi `hcblulbg. 4. @bpbt eoebjbeh shlcus lorkb `bg porbcbtbg-porbcbtbg ybgi tor`bpbt `h Ibr`u Hg`ul ^P. ^CG (^orsorf) ^=D B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc. =. @bpbt eogiotbjuh prfso`ur lorkb pb`b sbbt poeochjbrbbg btbupug pb`b sbbt torkbb`h ibgiiubg.
=.?.4. Log`bcb Xbgi @hjb`bph Log`bcb ybgi poguchs `bpbt pb`b sbbt lorkb ebibgi b`bcbj sodbibh dorhlut;
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
2. Ph`bl `hiugblbggyb bcbt losocbebtbg sosubh `ogibg L=. 4. ^oeochjbrbbg `h ibr`u hg`ul codhj sorhgi `hcblulbg lothlb jbrh chdur.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
DBD HQ JB]HC @BG ^OEDBJB]BG
0.2.
^oedbjbsbg
0.2.2 ^ocblsbgbbg ^oeochjbrbbg Pbjugbg Dbtorbh Bclbch 0: Q ught H Loebgi IH Ibg`uc ^ogochthbg ybgi `hcblulbg `h Ibr`u Hg`ul ^P. ^CG (^orsorf) ^=D B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc b`bcbj ugtul eogibgbchsb lotbjbgbg lbpbshtbs dbtorbh 0: Q`m ught H Loebgi pb`b Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ bpblbj ebshj jbg`bc ugtul eoedorhlbg supcbh @M ugtul lodutujbg smb`btoc sbbt torkb`h ibgiiubg jhcbgi toibgibg. Dorhlut hgh b`bcbj `hbirbe bchr pogochthbg;
Ibedbr 0.2 @hbirbe Bchr ^ogochthbg
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Pbjbp bwbc `brh pogochthbg hgh b`bcbj eogiuepuclbg dordbibh roaorogsh sosubh `ogibg tfphl pogochthbg. ]otocbj htu, eogiuepuclbg `btb ” `btb ybgi `hdutujlbg. ]otocbj `btb cogilbp torluepuc `hcblulbg pogifcbjbg `btb ibgiiubg poeochjbrbbg dbtorbh bclbch 0: Q ught H Loebgi.
0.2.4 ]hstoe @M @bcbe pogifporbshbg togbib chstrhl tor`bpbt `ub ebmbe suedor togbib ugtul lfgtrfc `h `bcbe Ibr`u Hg`ul, hbcbj suedor brus sobrbj (@M) `bg suedor brus dfcbl dbchl (BM). ]uedor togbib ugtul lfgtrfc socbcu jbrus eoepugybh lobg`bcbg `bg stbdhchtbs ybgi thgiih. Lbrogb porsybrbtbg hghcbj `hpblbh dbtorbh sodbibh suedor brus sobrbj. Mbtu `byb suedor @M `hiugblbg ugtul lodutujbg fporbsh rocbh prftolsh `bg lfgtrfc sortb ugtul smb`btoc. _gtul lodutujbg fporbsh rocbh `bg lfgtrfc `h ^CG tor`bpbt `ub shstoe mbtu `byb pbsflbg brus sobrbj ybhtu @M 22>Q `bg @M 44>Q, so`bgilbg ugtul lodutujbg smb`btoc eogiiugblbg shstoe Mbtu @byb @M 0:Q. Mbtu `byb @M dorsuedor `brh romthahor `bg dbtorbh torpbsbgi pb`b hgstbcbsh sombrb pbrbcoc `ogibg dodbg, sojhgiib `bcbe fporbshfgbcgyb `hsodut ]hstoe @M. @hbirbe hgstbcbsh ]hstoe @M `bpbt `hchjbt pb`b ibedbr dorhlut;
Ibedbr 0.4 @hbirbe Hgstbcbsh ]hstoe @M
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Dbihbg-dbihbg utbeb porbcbtbg shstoe @M, ybhtu ; 2. Tomthahor / Mjbrior Tomthahor btbu Mjbrior b`bcbj subtu rbgilbhbg bcbt chstrhl ugtul eogiudbj brus chstrhl dfcbl- dbchl (BM) eogkb`h brus sobrbj (@M). 4. Dbtorbh ]ubtu bcbt pogyhepbg ogorih chstrhl brus sobrbj, ybgi doraugish sodbibh suedor mb`bgibg lo dodbg. =. Lfg`ultfr Doraugish sodbibh pogijbgtbr ogorih chstrhl brus sobrbj `brh suedor lo dodbg. 0. Porehgbc-torehgbc Doraugish sodbibh toepbt pormbdbgibg `hebgb ogorih chstrhl blbg `hlhrhe btbu `hdbih lo dodbg- dodbg.
0.2.= Dbihbg-Dbihbg _tbeb Dbtorbh
Ibedbr 0.= Dbtorbh
2. Ocoltrf`b Phbp soc dbtorbh tor`hrh `brh 4 (`ub) ebmbe ocoltrf`b, ybhtu ocoltrf`b pfshtha (+) `bg ocoltrf`b goibtha (-) ybgi `hrog`be `bcbe subtu cbrutbg lhehb. Ocoltrf`b-ocoltrf`b pfshtha `bg goibtha tor`hrh `brh; • Irh`, b`bcbj subtu rbgilb dosh btbu ahdor sodbibh toepbt ebtorhbc bltha.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
• Ebtorhbc Bltha, b`bcbj subtu ebtorhbc ybgi doroblsh sombrb lhehb ugtul eogijbshclbg ogorih chstrhl pb`b wbltu pogifsfgibg (`hsmjbrio). 4. Ocoltrfcht Ocoltrfcht b`bcbj Mbhrbg btbu cbrutbg sogybwb ybgi `bpbt eogijbgtbrlbgbrus chstrhl, lbrogb cbrutbg torsodut `bpbt eogijbshclbg eubtbg chstrhl pfshtha `bg goibtha. Dbihbg ybgi doreubtbg pfshtha `hsodut hfg pfshtha `bg dbihbg ybgidoreubtbg goibtha `hsodut hfg goibtha. =. ]oc Dbtorbh ]osubh `ogibg koghs dbjbg dokbgb (mfgtbhgor) ybgi `hiugblbg tor`hrh `brh 4 (`ub) ebmbe, ybhtu ]tooc Mfgtbhgor `bg ^cbsthm Mfgtbhgor. 0. ]tooc Mfgtbhgor ]oc dbtorbh `ogibg dokbgb (mfgtbhgor) tordubt `brh stooc `htoepbtlbg `bcbe rbl lbyu, jbc hgh ugtul eogijhg`brh torkb`h judugi shgilbt bgtbr soc dbtorbh btbu judugi tbgbj bgtbrb soc dbtorbh `ogibg rbl dbtorbh. ?. ^cbsthm mfgtbhgor ]oc dbtorbh `ogibg dokbgb (mfgtbhgor) tordubt `brh pcbsthl `htoepbtlbg `bcbe rbl dosh ybgi `hhsfcbsh, jbc hgh ugtul eogijhg`brh torkb`h judugi shgilbt bgtbr soc dbtorbh btbu judugi tbgbj bgtbrb soc dbtorbh `ogibg rbl dbtorbh bpbdhcb torkb`h lorusblbg btbu lodfmfrbg ocoltrfcht dbtorbh.
0.2.0 ^orhf`o ^oeochjbrbbg Eogurut dulu potugkul ]hstoe @M poeochjbrbbg dbtorbh eochputh poeochjbrbbg porhf`o ehgiiubg, ducbgbg, ogbe ducbgbg, `bg `ub tbjugbg. ^b`b cbpfrbg lorkb prbltol hgh poguchs blbg eoedbjbs poeochjbrbbg dbtorbh porhf`o `ub tbjugbg. @hlbrogblbg poguchs jbgyb eogiotbjuh loihbtbg poeochjbrbbg dbtorbh `ub tbjugbg, `hebgb porbcbtbg utbeb ybgi `hpochjbrb b`bcbj dbtorbh.
0.2.? ^ogihshbg Dbtorbh 2. Acfbthgi Acfbthgi b`bcbj koghs pogihshbg lo dbtorbh ugtul eogkbib lob`bbg dbtorbh `bcbe lob`bbg aucc mjbrior `bg dbtorbh th`bl eogiocubrlbg ebupug eogorheb
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
brus chstrhl sbbt eogmbpbh toibgibg acfbthgi `bg dbtorbh totbp torsbedugi lo dbtorbh `bg dodbg. ^b`b Ibr`u Hg`ul ueuegyb eogiiugblbg shstoe acfbthgi, dhcb suedor BM jhcbgi btbu pogihsh dbtorbh toribgiiu, eblb dodbg cbgisugi `h supcbh `brh dbtorbh. 4. Oqubchzhgi Oqubchzhgi b`bcbj koghs pogihshbg dbtorbh ugtul eogybeblbg/eorbtblbg toibgibg lbrogb torkb`h pordo`bbg toibgibg sothbp soc. =. Dffsthgi Dffsthgi b`bcbj koghs pogihshbg mbrb mopbt ybgi `hiugblbg ugtul hghthbc mjbrio btbu pogihshbg loedbch pb`b dbtorbh sotocbj dbtorbh eogibcbeh pogifsfgibg ybgi dosbr btbu sotocbj `h tos lbpbshtbs dbtorbh (mbpbmhty tost).
0.2.1 _kh Lbpbshtbs Dbtorbh 0: Q`m Lbpbshtbs subtu dbtorbh b`bcbj eogybtblbg dosbrgyb brus chstrhl (beporo) dbtorbh ybgi `bpbt `h supcbh btbu `h bchrlbg lo subtu rbgilbhbg cubr btbu dodbg `bcbe kbgilb wbltu (kbe) tortogtu, ugtul eoedorhlbg toibgibg tortogtu. _gtul eogiotbjuh bpblbj dbtorbh su`bj torhsh poguj `bg `bpbt eogyhepbggyb `ogibg dbhl eblb porcu `hcblulbg pogiulurbg lfg`hsh dbtorbh `ogibg mbrb eogiukh sombrb sheucbsh dodbg ybgi `bpbt `hbtur sojhgiib brusgyb pug `bpbt `hbtur pb`b brus ybgi totbp eblb toibgibg dbtorbh blbg turug `brh gfehgbcgyb. Ybltu pogurugbg toibgibg `hdbg`hgilbg `ogibg lbrbltorhsthl dbtorbh torsodut eblb `bpbt `hlotbjuh lfg`hsh dbtorbh torsodut, bpblbj eoepugybh lbpbshtbs ybgi dbhl btbu durul31>%. ^b`b dbtorbh bclbch ueuegyb lbpbshtbs dbtorbh `hgybtblbg `bcbe M? ybgi eogybtblbg dosbrgyb lbpbshtbs dbtorbh `bcbe Bj ybgi torso`hb socbeb ? kbe ugtul M?. ^ogiukhbg lbpbshtbs dbtorbh `hcblulbg pb`b; 2. ]bbt lfehshfghgi dbtorbh (hghthbc mjbrio) 4. ? tbjug sotocbj fporbsh =. Loeu`hbg `hcblulbg sothbp 4 (`ub) tbjug 0. ^b`b `bsbrgyb ugtul eogiotbjuh lbpbshtbs `bg loebepubg dbtorbh ybgi sosugiiujgyb.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
^ogyodbd lbpbshtbs dbtorbh eogurug b`bcbj; 2. ^ogihshbg ybgi th`bl soepurgb 4. ^ogihshbg acfbthgi ybgi torcbcu cbeb =. Dbgybl tor`bpbt lbrdfg `bcbe soc dbtorbh 0. Lb`br pftbshue lbrdfgbt `bcbe dbtorbh torcbcu thgiih ?. Lorusblbg ocoltrf`b/ebtorhbc bltha dbtorbh
0.2.9 ^rhgshp @bsbr ^ogiukhbg Lbpbshtbs Dbtorbh ^rhgshp `bsbr pogiukhbg lbpbshtbs dbtorbh `hcblulbg `ogibg eoedorhlbg dodbg dbtorbh (brus pogifsfgibg/H `hsmjbrihgi) sodosbr >,4 M lbrogb >,4 M hgh tocbj `hstbg`brlbg fcoj HOM (Hgtorgbthfgbc Ocomtrftomjghmbc Mfehsshfg), jbc hgh `heblsu` bibr dbtorbh ybgi `hukh th`bl eogibcbeh fvor jobthgi pb`b soc (ybgi tor`hrh `brh ocoltrf`b,
pcbt `bg ocoltrfcht) ybgi sbgibt eoeugilhglbg mopbt
rusblgyb dbtorbh torsodut. Dbtorbh `hjudugilbg `ogibg bcbt pogifsfgibg, ybgi sombrb ftfebths eogbephclbg brus pogifsfgibg, toibgibg tftbc, cbeb pogifsfgibg, `bg Bj pogifsfgibg, ybgi `htbephclbg `bcbe dogtul irbahl. Xbgi jbrus `hporjbthlbg `bcbe pogiukhbg lbpbshtbs dbtorbh b`bcbj ; ]otthgi pogifsfgibg dbtorbh ; 2. Brus pogifsfgibg (H `hsmjbrihgi) 5 >,4 x Lbpbshtbbs dbtorbh (M) 4. Cbeb pogifsfgibg (P stfp) 5 Lbpbshtbs dbtorbh ; Brus pogifsfgibg =. Poibgibg bljhr (Q stfp) 5 2 Qfct por soc 0. ]uju eblshebc ocoltrfcht ybgi `hhzhglbg socbeb pogifsfgibg 5 0>-0?‘M.
0.4
Jbshc
0.4.2 @btb ^ogiulurbg ^or-]oc Dbtorbh 0: Q`m Pbjug 4>29 @btb jbshc pogiulurbg toibgibg por-soc dbtorbh 0: Q`m ught H Loebgi pb`b Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ Ibg`uc tbjug 4>29. @ogibg eorl dbtorbh ]BAP/]ME 2>2. Por`bpbt 0> soc dbtorbh `ogibg lbpbshtbs 2>> Bj, toibgibg gfehgbc 2,4-4 Q `bg suju rubgibg 48 `orbkbt mocmhus.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Pbdoc 0.2 Jbshc _kh Lbpbshtbs Dbtorbh 0: Q`m _ght H Loebgi ^OGI_L_TBG DM P 0: Q _GHP 2 PBGIIBC 41->8-4>29 CFLB]H I H I bg`uc EOTL / PX^O ; ]B AP / ]M E 2>2 PBJ_G F^OTB]H ; 4>>9 K_CBJ ]OC ; 0> LB^B]HPB] ; 2>> Bj ]OPPHGI ^OGI_L_TBG H? 5 4> B Q ]tfp 5 0> v Poi (Qfct) ]odocue DMP 2 2.=9 2.29? 4 2.=9 2.2:> = 2.=9 2.29? 0 2.=9 2.29? ? 2.=9 2.29? 1 2.=9 2.29? 9 2.=9 2.29? : 2.=9 2.2:> 8 2.=9 2.2:> 2> 2.=9 2.2:> 22 2.=9 2.2:> 24 2.=9 2.2:> 2= 2.=9 2.2:> 20 2.=9 2.2:> 2? 2.=9 2.2:> 21 2.=9 2.2:> 29 2.=9 2.2:> 2: 2.=9 2.2:> 28 2.=9 2.2:> 4> 2.=9 2.29? 42 2.=9 2.29? 44 2.=9 2.29? 4= 2.=9 2.29? 40 2.=9 2.29? 4? 2.=9 2.29? 41 2.=9 2.29? 49 2.=9 2.29? 4: 2.=9 2.29? 48 2.=9 2.29? => 2.=9 2.29? =2 2.=9 2.29? =4 2.=9 2.29? == 2.=9 2.29? =0 2.=9 2.29? =? 2.=9 2.29? =1 2.=9 2.29? =9 2.=9 2.29? =: 2.=9 2.29? =8 2.=9 2.29? 0> 2.=9 2.29? ?= 22: Q tftbc 48 FM ] uju rbtb4 2.299 Dk rbtb4
JB]HC DMP LB^B]HPB] PFP ; :4 BJ YBLP_ ; 0 kbe ?e @BCBE % ; :2,28% ^otuibs
;
t 5 ? kbe Kbe lo 2 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 2.21 01.>> => FM 2.29?
Kbe lo 4 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 0?.>> =2 FM 2.29?
^ogiulurbg Poibgibg (Qfct) Kbe lo = Kbe lo 0 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> >.8> >.8> >.8> >.8> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> >.8> >.=> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= 2.2> 2.2= >.=> 2.2= 2.2> 0=.?> 0>.:> =0 FM =? F M 2.29? 2.29?
Kbe lo ?
Kbe lo 1
=9 FM 2.29?
JB]HC DMP PBJ_G 4>22 91 Bj = k; 09eg 91.>>%
LB^B]HPB] YBLP_ @BCBE %
@brh jbshc pogiulurbg toibgibg por soc tor`bpbt toibgibg `rfp pb`b soc gfefr 4: `bg 48, toibgibg tordbmb >,8> Qfct `brh toibgibg rbtb- rbtb 2,2> Qfct. Hgh torkb`h blhdbt th`bl eorbtbgyb pogihshbg toibgibg dbtorbh `brh romthahor pb`b pfshsh acfbthgi torcbcu cbeb.
0.4.4 ^ogiukhbg Lbpbshtbs Dbtorbh 0: Q`m _ght H Loebgi pb`b Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ Ibg`uc 2. Dbtorbh ]BAP/ ]ME 2>2 0: Q 2>> Bj, 0> soc H `hsmj ; >,4 x 2>> 5 4> Beporo Dorbrth brus pogifsfgibg 5 4> Beporo
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
4. P stfp ; 2>>/4> 5 ? Kbe Dorbrth cbeb pogifsfgibg 5 ? Kbe =. Q stfp ; 2 Q x 0> soc dbtorbh 5 0> Qfct Dorbrth toibgibg bljhr 5 0> Qfct Jbshc pogiukhbg lbpbshtbs dbtorbh 0: Q`m _ght H Loebgi Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ Ibg`uc pb`b tbgiibc 41 ]optoedor 4>29 `ogibg eorl dbtorbh ]BAP/]ME 2>2 `ogibg tftbc 0> soc `bg lbpbshtbs 2>> Bj. Dbtorbh dorfporbh eucbh tbjug 4>>9.
0.4.= ]tbg`br Tolfg`hsh Dbtorbh Dhcb `bcbe ukh lbpbshtbs `hjbshclbg ghcbh lurbgi `brh sbeb `ogibg 1>% eblb dbtorbh `hgybtblbg durul btbu kocol. _gtul eogibtbsh jbc hgh `hcblulbg; • ^ogiibgthbg soc dbtorbh • Tolfg`hsh Dbtorbh `ogibg eochjbt; b. ]oc dbtorbh dbius, totbph cbrutbg ocoltrfchtgyb th`bl dbhl. Eblb jbc hgh soc dbtorbh porcu `hrolfg`hsh, d. _eur dbtorbh (chao theo) su`bj eoeogujh 2>-2? tbjug (sosubh ybgi `hrolfeog`bshlbg pbdrhl poedubt) eblb th`bl porcu `hcblulbg rolfg`hsh, `hlbrogblbg su`bj cowbt ebsb chao theo-gyb, m. _eur dbtorbh (chao theo) rocbtha ebshj dbru eblb porcu `hcblulbg rolfg`hsh dbtorbh. Tolfg`hsh dbtorbh `hcblulbg `ogibg mbrb pogiibgthbg cbrutbg ocoltrfcht, `bg eoedorshjbg soc dbtorbh `bg lfgtbl pfco bgtbr dbtorbh `ogibg bhr `osthcbsh (cbrutbg pJ9) jhgiib dorshj. ^b`b sbbt poguchs eocblsbgblbg lorkb prblthl lfg`hsh dbtorbh 0: vfct ught H Loebgi ebshj 91,>>% (31>%) `bg docue eocowbth ebsb chaotheo- gyb lbrogb ebshj dorfprbsh socbeb 22 tbjug `brh tbjug 4>>9. Eblb rolfeog`bsh `brh pocblsbgb poeochjbrbbg tbjugbg dbtorbh, dbtorbh 0: vfct ught H Loebgi th`bl porcu `hibgth.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
DBD Q LO]HE^_CBG @BG ]BTBG ?.2
Loshepucbg @brh lorkb prbltol ybgi tocbj `hcblulbg pb`b Ibr`u Hg`ul Mbwbgi Dbso
Mbep Ibg`uc 2?> lQ ^P. ^CG (^OT]OTF) ^=D, `bpbt `hbedhc loshepucbg sodbibh dorhlut; 2. ]hstoe @M pb`b sodubj ibr`u hg`ul sbgibt pogthgi lbrogb soeub porbcbtbg smb`btoc ybgi `hiugblbg `h Ibr`u Hg`ul eogiiugblbg suedor @M ugtul lorkb porbcbtbg. 4. ^b`b pocblsbgbbg poeochjbrbbg dbtorbh, eochputh tbjbp-tbjbp Oqubchshgi Mjbrihgi,_kh Lbpbshtbs `bg Todffsthgi Mjbrihgi. =. @brh jbshc pogiukhbg toibgibg por soc tor`bpbt toibgibg `rfp pb`b soc gfefr 4: `bg 48, toibgibg tordbmb >,8> Qfct `brh toibgibg rbtb- rbtb 2,2> Qfct. Hgh torkb`h blhdbt th`bl eorbtbgyb pogihshbg toibgibg dbtorbh `brh romthahor pb`b pfshsh acfbthgi torcbcu cbeb. 0. Lfg`hsh dbtorbh 0: Q ught H Loebgi `hlbtblbg dbhl yblgh 91%, lbrogb ebshj `hbtbs stbg`br rolfg`hsh dbtorbh.
?.4
]brbg
2. Ebjbshswb `hjbrbplbg eogyhbplbg hceu ybgi `hehchlhgyb `brh dbgilu luchbj, sojhgiib `bpbt eoeporcbgmbr pocblsbgbbg tuibs-tuibs `h toepbt prblthl, lbrogb pogibcbebg ybgi `h`bpbt `h cbpbgibg locbl eogkb`h dolbc ugtul ebjbshswb `h `ughb lorkb gbgth, torutbeb eorolb ybgi dolorkb `h `ughb hg`ustrh.
4. Ebjbshswb `hwbkhdlbg ugtul eoeporshbplbg B^@ soporth dbku prblthl `bg sopbtu sbaoty, lbrogb `brh phjbl porusbjbbg jbgyb eogyo`hblbg sbaoty joceot.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
@BAPBT ^_]PBLB \2U
Dulu @hlcbt ^oeochjbrbbg ]hstoe @M ^P. ^CG (^OT]OTF).
\4U
^rfso`ur ^ogifporbshbg ^orbcbtbg Ibr`u Hg`ul ” Ibg`uc 2?> lQ.
\=U Bgfghe. 4>>8. Dulu ^otugkul Dbtbsbg Fporbsh `bg ^oeochjbrbbg ^orbcbtbg ^ogybcurbg Pogbib Chstrhl BM/@M ]upcbh. Kblbrtb; ^P. ^CG (^orsorf). \0U Bgfghe. 4>>8. Dulu ^otugkul Dbtbsbg Fporbsh @bg ^oeochjbrbbg ^orbcbtbg ^ogybcurbg Pogbib Mfepbrteogt. Kblbrtb; ^P. ^CG (^orsorf).
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
CBE^HTBG-CBE^HTBG
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
]_TBP LOPOTBGIBG ]OCO]BH EBIBGI
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
CB^FTBG LOIHBPBG ^OCBL]BGBBG JBTHBG LOTKB EBIBGI Gbeb Ebjbshswb
; Arbgshslus Zbvorhus Ogrhmf
Ghe
; 4>20-22->>0
Gbeb @hvhsh
; Tubgi ]uporvhsfr `bg Bshstog ]uporvhsfr
Ducbg
; Ebrot
Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg
Pbgiibc
Xbgi @hcblulbg
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
^brba
^b`b jbrh portbeb ebibgi hgh,
loihbtbg
ybgi
lbeh
^ogiogbcbg
cblulbg b`bcbj pogibrbjbg
>? Ebrot
chgilugibg
`bg
4>2:
toepbt ebibgi
poedolbcbg
ebibgi,
sortb
toepbt eoghgkbu
chgilugibg lorkb
^b`b jbrh lo`ub ebibgi, topbtgyb `h ]whtmjybr` ?>> lQ, `hcblulbg poebsbgibg ^ogtfirbe. >1 Ebrot
^oebsbgibg
4>2:
^ogtfirbe
@hsbgb
kuib,
lbeh dortoeu `ogibg ^bl Du`hebg
]hbjbbg
(^ogibwbs L=), ybgi kuib turut
eoedhedhgi
lbeh
socbeb dorb`b `h cbpbgibg.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
^b`b jbrh lothib ebibgi, lbeh `hbkbl suporvhsfr (Dbgi Aor`h),
ugtul
eochjbt
poeochjbrbbg
tbjugbg
>9 Ebrot
^oeochjbrbbg
4>2:
tbjugbg dbtorbh
^b`b
bclbch 0: vfct ught
`hcblulbg prfsos Mjbrihgi,
H
_kh lbpbshtbs, _kh Ocoltrfcht
dbtorbh bclbch 0: vfct ught H. sbbt
poeochjbrbbg,
`bg rolfg`hsh.
>: Ebrot
Eogmbrh dbjbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
>8 Ebrot
TOJBP
Eogmbrh suedor chtorbturo `h porpustblbbg. TOJBP
4>2: 2> Ebrot
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
22 Ebrot
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. ^b`b loihbtbg ebibgi hgh, ebjbshswb
^LC
dorsbeb
rolbg-rolbg lorkb eogihluth polorkbbg
`h
cubr
Dbso
Mbep. Loihbtbg htu b`bcbj Ebguvor dy
Ebguvor
dy
Loebgi<
24 Ebrot
Loebgi<
poeochjbrbbg torehgbc ught.
4>2:
poeochjbrbbg
^olorkbbg hgh `heblsu`lbg
torehgbc ught (Jbrh-2)
ugtul
eoedubt
ef`hahlbsh
torjb`bp fporbsh gfrebc `brh kbrhgibg ibgiiubg
blhdbt
b`bgyb ybgi
eoedutujlbg poeb`bebg,
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
bibr totbp tormbpbh lfg`hsh pogybcurbg
togbib
`ogibg
chstrhl
soeblshebc
eugilhg.
Ebguvor Ebguvor dy Loebgi<
kbrhgibg
eoehsbjlbg
ugtul
dbihbg-dbihbg
kbrhgibg
ybgi
soeucb
torjudugi
`bcbe
2= Ebrot
poeochjbrbbg
lob`bbg
4>2:
torehgbc ught
dortoibgibg btbupug th`bl
(Jbrh-4)
dortoibgibg `bcbe lfg`hsh gfrebcgyb.
]beb
soporth
jbrh-jbrh
sodocuegyb, pb`b jbrh hgh lbeh
ebshj
eocblulbg
loihbtbg
ebguvor
poedodbsbg
toibgibg.
Cflbsh lbch hgh dorb`b `h Ebguvor dy 20 Ebrot
Loebgi<
4>2:
poeochjbrbbg torehgbc ught (Jbrh-=)
phgiihr kbcbg Kblbrtb ybgi rbebh,
sojhgiib
ybgi
`hcblulbg
torsog`bt.
loihbtbg mulup
Lodorjbshcbg
loihbtbg ebguvor kbrhgibg `brh soih tolghs `htogtulbg fcoj lfgahiurbsh kbrhgibg `bg porbcbtbg
ebguvor
torso`hb
`h
ybgi
sopbgkbgi
kbrhgibg.
2? Ebrot
Eogmbrh dbjbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
Eogmbrh suedor chtorbturo `h porpustblbbg.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
21 Ebrot
TOJBP
TOJBP
4>2: 29 Ebrot
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
2: Ebrot
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Hg ]orvhmo Hgspomthfg b`bcbj hgspolsh btbu poeorhlsbbg torjb`bp
^oeochjbrbbg 28 Ebrot 4>2:
poeutus togbib
porbcbtbg
ybgi
`hcblsbgblbg `bcbe lob`bbg porbcbtbg
dorfporbsh
(fg-
thpo IB] ]A1
chgo), `ogibg eogiiugblbg
Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?>
? pbgmb hg`orb `bg eotorhgi
lQ
sombrb so`orjbgb, `ogibg pocblsbgbbg porhf`o tortogtu (Ducbgbg).
Efghtfrhgi
suju
sombrb
dorlbcb
jftspft,
`bcbe
poedodbgbg 4> Ebrot 4>2:
`hcblulbg `h
ththl
lob`bbg
ybgi
thgiih.
Efghtfrhgi suju
^orhf`o dodbg thgiih torkb`h
pb`b ththl jftspft
pb`b puluc 2>.>> pbih `bg
(sombrb dorlbcb)
20.>> shbgi. Efghtfrhgi suju `hcblulbg
`ogibg
eogiiugblbg bcbt dorgbeb ‚Hgarbro` Pjorefirbpjy‘
42 Ebrot 4>2:
^ogiombtbg pogybgiib tutup ifrfgi-ifrfgi
^ogiombtbg pogybgiib tutup ifrfgi-ifrfgi
`hcblulbg
supbyb th`bl dorlbrbt.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
44 Ebrot
Eogmbrh dbjbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
4= Ebrot
TOJBP
Eogmbrh suedor chtorbturo `h porpustblbbg. TOJBP
4>2: 40 Ebrot
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
4? Ebrot
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Hzhg ugtul eoeporpbgkbgi
41 Ebrot
Hzhg porpbgkbgi
4>2:
ebibgi
`urbsh ebibgi pb`b ducbg socbgkutgyb
(Bprhc),
`h
IH
Mhlupb. (>8.>?) ^EP 2?> Lv Loebgi 4 # 49 Ebrot
^oedodbsbg
4>2:
Loebgi 4
(>8.>9) @] Toc H Loebgi 4 # (>8.>:) @] Chgo Loebgi 4 # (>8.20) @] 2/20 Loebgi 4 #
^b`b jbrh Tbdu, loihbtbg lbch hgh b`bcbj pogiibgthbg MP btbu Prbaf Brus. ^b`b sbbt Tbdu, 4:
^ogiibgthbg MP
Ebrot
`h Ibr`u Hg`ul
4>2:
2?> lQ
MP `btbgi, blbg `hcblulbg poeorhlsbbg `bjucu
ahshl
torcodhj
sodbibh
wuku`
sodubj qubchty mfgtrfc. Ph`bl dfcoj
b`b
rotblbg,
btbu
dbjlbg roedosbg fch trbaf.
48 Ebrot
Efghtfrhgi suju
4>2:
pb`b ththl jftspft
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b ththl jftspft `h solhtbr dusdbr, ugtul
eogiotbjuh
pbgbs
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
`ogibg
eogiiugblbg
hgarbro`
tfefirbpjy.
^og`otolshbg hgh `hcblulbg ugtul eogmoibj theducgyb dbjbyb lodblbrbg pb`b ththl fvorjobthgi
ybgi
th`bl
tor`otolsh.
=> Ebrot
TOJBP
TOJBP
=2 Ebrot
Eogmbrh dbjbg
Eogmbrh suedor chtorbturo `h
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
4>2:
porpustblbbg.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
CB^FTBG LOIHBPBG ^OCBL]BGBBG JBTHBG LOTKB EBIBGI Gbeb Ebjbshswb
; Arbgshslus Zbvorhus Ogrhmf
Ghe
; 4>20-22->>0
Gbeb @hvhsh
; Tubgi ]uporvhsfr `bg Bshstog ]uporvhsfr
Ducbg
; Bprhc
Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg
Pbgiibc
Xbgi @hcblulbg
>2 Bprhc
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
>4 Bprhc
Eogiorkblbg
4>2:
cbpfrbg ebibgi
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
^brba
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. @h ^EP b`b `ub lfg`hsh, `hebgb
lfg`hsh
roefto.
cflbc
Lfg`hsh
`bg
roefto
soporth jbcgyb dbihbg-dbihbg porbwbtbg `bg poeochjbrbbg
>= Bprhc 4>2:
^ogiukhbg dby
ebhgtbgmo.
Khlb
torkb`h
ibgiiubg,
eblb
ybgi
mbpbshtfr IH
eogibtur b`bcbj `hstpbtmjor
Ibg`uc
ybgi dorb`b `h cbpbgibg. ]oeogtbrb sog`hrh
lfg`hsh
dolorkb
cflbc `h
`ub
toepbt, `bcbe shtubsh ybgi th`bl
eoeugilhglbg
btbu
dordbjbyb.
>0 Bprhc
Efghtfrhgi suju
4>2:
pb`b ththl jftspft
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b ththl jftspft `h solhtbr dusdbr, ugtul
eogiotbjuh
pbgbs
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
eogibtur b`bcbj `hstpbtmjor ybgi dorb`b
`h
cbpbgibg.
]oeogtbrb
lfg`hsh cflbc sog`hrh dolorkb `h `ub toepbt, `bcbe shtubsh ybgi th`bl eoeugilhglbg btbu dordbjbyb.
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b ththl jftspft `h solhtbr dusdbr, ugtul eogiotbjuh pbgbs
`ogibg
hgarbro`
tfefirbpjy.
suju
`hcblulbg
eogiiugblbg Efghtfrhgi
pb`b
sbbt
poedodbgbg thgiih, solhtbr puluc 2>.>> pbih. Tbdu, >0
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b
Bprhc 4>2:
ththl jftspft
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Aftf ^orusbjbbg Poepbt Lorkb Ebibgi
Ibedbr 2. Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ Ibr`u Hg`ul Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc
Ibedbr 4. ]ubsbgb Tubgi Lorkb ]uporvhsfr `bg Bshstog ]uporvhsfr
Ibedbr =. Tubgi ]oc Dbtorbh IH Ibg`uc
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
@BAPBT CBE^HTBG Jbc Cbephrbg 2. ]urbt Lotorbgibg
=4
Cbephrbg 4. Togmbgb ^ocblsbgbbg Lorkb Ebibgi (T^LE)
==
Cbephrbg =. @batbr Jb`hr Ebjbshswb Lorkb Ebibgi
=0
Cbephrbg 0. Cbpfrbg ^ocblsbgbbg Loihbtbg Jbrhbg
=1
Cbephrbg ?. Cbpfrbg Ehgiiubg Lfgsuctbsh Bgtbr ^oedhedhgi
0?
Cbephrbg 1. Aftf Loihbtbg Lorkb Ebibgi
?>
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
DBD H ^OG@BJ_C_BG
2.2.
Cbtbr Docblbgi ]uedor `byb @M pb`b subtu ibr`u hg`ul eoepugybh porbgbg vhtbc `bcbe
locbgmbrbg fporbsh ibr`u hg`ul htu sog`hrh `bcbe eocbybgh lodutujbg chstrhl dbih pocbgiibggyb. _gtul eogkbib chstrhl `bpbt torsbcurlbg `ogibg dbhl eblb `hporculbg shstoe poeochjbrbbg ybgi dbhl `bg torogmbgb, bibr soeub htu dorkbcbg `ogibg fpthebc. Bibr pogybcurbg chstrhl dorkbcbg `ogibg dbhl, eblb ^P. ^CG ^orsorf socblu
^orusbjbbg
Chstrhl
Goibrb
eoepugybh
biog`b
ruthg
tbjugbg
poeochjbrbbg sothbp porbcbtbg chstrhl, ljususgyb `h thbp ibr`u hg`ul. ^orbg dbtorbh `bcbe ibr`u hg`ul sbgibt pogthgi `bcbe fporbsh shstoe `h ibr`u hg`ul. Dbtorbh eogyupcbh suedor chstrhl sobrbj (brus @M) ugtul lodutujbg fporbsh rocbh `bg lfgtrfc sortb ugtul smb`btoc. _gtul eogkbehg bibr lorusblbg th`bl eogyodbr lo porbcbtbg cbhg `h ibr`u hg`ul, eblb shstoe @M (dbtorbh) jbrus eoehchlh stbdhchtbs ybgi dbhl ugtul eog`ulugi soeub htu. Pogtugyb sbkb, poeochjbrbbg ruthg tbjugbg sbgibt pogthgi porbggyb `hshgh.
2.4.
Tubgi Chgilup Ebsbcbj ybgi `hdbtbsh `bcbe cbpfrbg hgh jbgyb eoedbjbs poeochjbrbbg
`ub tbjugbg shstoe @M (dbtorbh bclbch 0: vfct ught H Loebgi) `h Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc.
2.=.
Pukubg `bg Ebgabbt Ebibgi B`bpug tukubg poguchsbg cbpfrbg lorkb ebibgi b`bcbj sodbibh dorhlut;
2. Eoeogujh porsybrbtbg ebtb luchbj kogkbgi strbtb sbtu (]2) Ocoltrf ybhtu lorkb ebibgi (0 ]L]) `h ]PP-^CG Kblbrtb.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
4. Eogbedbj wbwbsbg togtbgi `ughb lorkb, ljususgyb `h ^P. ^CG (^orsorf).
=. Eogiotbjuh prfsos poeochjbrbbg shstoe @M `h Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc.
2.0.
Ybltu `bg Poepbt ^ocblsbgbbg Ebibgi Ebibgi `hcblsbgblbg pb`b tbgiibc >? Ebrot 4>2: ” >? Bprhc 4>2: `h ^P.
^CG (^orsorf) ^=D B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc ybgi doriorbl `h dh`bgi pogybcurbg `bg pusbt pogibtur dodbg Kbwb Dbch.
2.?.
Eotf`o ^ogiuepucbg @btb `bg Cbpfrbg Ebibgi ]hstoe pogiuepucbg `btb `bcbe eogyusug cbpfrbg ebibgi hgh b`bcbj
sodbibh dorhlut;
2. Eotf`o chtorbturo ugtul eogiotbjuh `bg eogmbrh tofrh `bsbr pb`b ebgubc dffl ybgi eog`ulugi `bcbe poguchsbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
4. Eocblulbg pogibebtbg cbgisugi =. Eocblulbg wbwbgmbrb `ogibg poedhedhgi cbpbgibg `bg lbrybwbg `h ^P. ^CG (^orsorf) B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc.
2.1.
]hstoebthlb ^oguchsbg ]hstoebthlb poguchsbg pb`b cbpfrbg ebibgi hgh `hdbih btbs cheb dbd, ybhtu;
Dbd H ^og`bjucubg ybgi dorhsh togtbgi cbtbr docblbgi, porueusbg ebsbcbj, dbtbsbg ebsbcbj, tukubg, eotf`o pogiuepucbg `btb, `bg shstoebthlb pogu chsbg.
Dbd HH Ibedbrbg ueue porusbjbbg ybgi dorhsh togtbgi cbtbr docblbgi porusbjbbg, vhsh ehsh porusbjbbg, strultur fribghsbsh,
cflbsh ebibgi, cfif
porusbjbbg.
Dbd HHH Eotf`o pocblsbgbbg loihbtbg ybgi dorhsh porogmbgbbg, prfso`ur lorkb, pocblsbgbbg sortb log`bcb ybgi `hjb`bph.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Dbd HQ Eorupblbg dbd ybgi dorhsh urbhbg loihbtbg ebibgi, pogiukhbg ybgi `hcblulbg `bg poedbjbsbg jbshc pogiukhbg.
Dbd Q Eorupblbg dbd pogutup ybgi dorhsh loshepucbg `brh jbshc bgbchshs `bg poedbjbsbg pb`b dbd-dbd sodocuegyb socbeb eocblsbgblbg loihbtbg ebibgi.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
DBD HH ^TFAHC ^OT_]BJBBG 4.2.
^rfahc ^orusbjbbg ]okbrbj lotogbibchstrhlbg `h Hg`fgoshb `heucbh pb`b bljhr bdb` lo-28,
lothlb dodorbpb porusbjbbg Docbg`b eog`hrhlbg poedbgilht togbib chstrhl ugtul loporcubg sog`hrh. ^ogiusbjbbg togbib chstrhl torsodut dorloedbgi eogkb`h ugtul lopogthgibg ueue, `hbwbch `ogibg porusbjbbg swbstb Docbg`b ybhtu GQ. GHIE, GQ. IODOF, GQ. FIOE ybgi eoeporcubs usbjbgyb `brh jbgyb `hdh`bgi ibs lodh`bgi togbib chstrhl. ]ocbeb ^orbgi @ughb HH dorcbgisugi, porusbjbbgporusbjbbbg chstrhl torsodut `hlubsbh fcoj Kopbgi, porusbjbbg-porusbjbbg chstrhl torsodut `hlubsbh fcoj Kopbgi `bg sotocbj loeor`olbbg Hg`fgoshb, tbgiibc 29 biustus 280?, porusbjbbg-porusbjbbg chstrhl torsodut `hrodut fcoj poeu`b-poeu`b Hg`fgoshb pb`b ducbg ]optoedor 280? `bg `hsorbjlbg lopb`b poeorhgtbj Topudchl Hg`fgoshb. ^b`b tbgiibc 49 Fltfdor 280?, prosh`og ]folbrgf eoedogtul kbwbtbg chstrhl `bg ibs ybgi dorlo`u`ulbg `h Xfiyblbrtb, `ogibg lbpbshtbs poedbgilht togbib chstrhl jbgyb sodosbr 2?9,? EY sbkb. ^b`b ebsb Birosh Docbg`b H, porusbjbbg-porusbjbbg chstrhl ybgi `hdogtul `ogibg lototbpbg prosh`og `hbtbs, `hlubsbh loedbch fcoj Docbg`b. ^b`b birosh Docbg`b HH, tbgiibc 28 @osoedor 280: sodbihbg dosbr lbgtfr-lbgtfr kbwbtbg chstrhl `bg ibs `hrodut fcoj poeorhgtbj lfcfghbc Docbg`b lomubch `borbj Bmoj. Pbjug 28?> kbwbtbg chstrhl `bg ibs `hrudbj eogkb`h kbwbtbg chstrhl `bg ibs poeorhgtbj lfcfghbc Docbg`b. ]o`bgilbg porusbjbbg chstrhl swbstb `hsorbjlbg loedbch lopb`b poehchlgyb sosubh `ogibg jbshc Lfgaorogsh Eokb Dug`br (LED). Kbwbtbg togbib eoedbwbjh porusbjbbg Goibrb poedbgilht togbib chstrhl (^bgupotoc) `bg `hporcubs `ogibg eoedbwbjh kuib porusbjbbg Goibrb _gtul @hstrhdush Pogbib Chtsrhl (^ogu`htoc) pb`b tbjug 28?4. Dor`bsbrlbg Loputusbg ^rosh`og Gf. 21= tbgiibc = Fltfdor 28?= togtbgi gbshfgbchsbsh soeub porusbjbbg Docbg`b `bg porbturbg poeorhgtbj TH Gf.2: togtbgi gbshfgbchsbsh porusbjbbg chstrhl `bg ibs ehchl Docbg`b. Dor`bsbrlbg ^^ torsodut pogiubsbbg porusbjbbg-porusbjbbg Chstrhl `bg Ibs (^=CI) eogbgibgh prfsos bchj poehchlgyb.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Dor`bsbrlbg __ Gf. 28 tbjug 281> togtbgi porusbjbbg Goibrb, `bg eocbcuh ^TTH Gf. 19 tbjug 2812, tbgiibc 2 kbgubrh 2812 kbwbtbg chstrhl `bg ibs `hudbj eogkb`h D^_-^CG (Db`bg ^hephgbg _eue ^orusbjbbg Chstrhl Goibrb) ybgi doriorbl `hdh`bgi chstrhl, ibs `bg lflbs. Pbgiibc 2 Kbgubrh 281?, D^_-^CG `hdudbrlbg `bg `hdogtul 4 porusbjbbg Goibrb ybhtu porusbjbbg Chstrhl Goibrb(^CG) ybgi eogiocfcb togbib chstrhl `bg porusbjbbg Ibs Goibrb (^IG) ybgi eogiocfcb ibs. ]bbt htu lbpbshtbs poedbgilht togbib chstrhl ^CG sodosbr =>> EY. Pbjug 2894, ^oeorhgtbj Hg`fgoshb eogotbplbg stbtus porusbjbbg chstrhl Goibrb sodbibh porusbjbbg _eue Chstrhl Goibrb (^CG). PBJ_G 288> eocbcuh porbturbg poeorhgtbj TH Gf. 29, ^CG `htotbplbg sodbibh poeoibgi lubsb usbjb lotogbibchstrhlbg. Pbjug 2884, poeorhgtbj eoedorhlbg losoepbtbg lopb`b soltfr swbstb ugtul doriorbl `bcbe dhsghs pogyo`hbbg togbib chstrhl. ]okbcbg `ogibg lodhkblbg `hbtbs, pb`b ducbg kugh 2880 stbtus ^CG `h btbs, pb`b ducbg kugh 2880 stbtus ^CG `hbchjlbg `brh porusbjbbg _eue eogkb`h ^orusbjbbg ^orsorfbg(^orsorf).
4.4
]trultur Fribghsbsh ]trultur fribghsbsh b`bcbj subtu ibedbr ybgi eogiibedbrlbg thpo
fribghsbsh, por`opbrtoeogbg fribghsbsh lo`u`ulbg `bg koghs wowogbgi pokbdbt, dh`bgi `bg judugibg polorkbbg ibrhs porhgtbj `bg tbgiiugi kbwbd, rogtbgi log`bch `bg systoe phephgbg fribghsbsh. Dorhlut hgh eorupblbg strultur fribghsbsh pb`b ^P.^CG (^OT]OTF) ^=D Kbwb Dbch
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Ibedbr 4.2 Afrebsh Kbdbtbg @h _ght ^ocblsbgbbg Brob ^ocblsbgb ^oeochjbrbbg (B^^) ^P ^CG (^OT]OTF) ^=D KBYB DBCH
4.=
Dh`bgi ^rf`ulsh/Kbsb ^orusbjbbg/ Hgstbgsh
Kbsb ^P ^CG (^orsorf) ^=D B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc b`bcbj dortbgiiugi kbwbd eocblsbgblbg poeochjbrbbg hgstbcbsh pogybcurbg togbib `h whcbybj lorkbgyb ybgi eochputh augish ; poeochjbrbbg eotor `bg prftolsh, poeochjbrbbg hgstbcbsh pogybcurbg, poeochjbrbbg ]mb`bPoc, suporvhsh fporbsh, cfihsthl `bg pogiocfcbbg chgilugibg `bg losocbebtbg lotogbibchstrhlbg ugtul eogmbpbh tbriot lhgorkb, eogiocfcb dh`bgi B`ehghstrbsh `bg Loubgibg ugtul eog`ulugi loihbtbg fporbsh `bg poeochjbrbbg hgstbcbsh.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
DBD HHH EOPF@O ^OCBL]BGBBG LOIHBPBG =.2.
^orogmbgbbg Loihbtbg Ebibgi `hcblsbgblbg pb`b tbgiibc ? Ebrot 4>2: - ? Bprhc 4>2:.
@bcbe eocblsbgblbg ebibgi `h ^P. ^CG (^orsorf) B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc, ebibgi dorcbgisugi `ogibg dbhl `bg tocbj dbgybl eoedbgtu ebjbshswb `bcbe eocblsbgblbg lorkb ebibgi. ]ocbeb eocblsbgblbg loihbtbg ebibgi, `hrogmbgblbg loihbtbg ebibgi sodbibh dorhlut;
2. Loihbtbg Ehgiiu ^ortbeb ^ogiogbcbg sombrb ueue toepbt lorkb ebibgi `bg eogiogbch rubgi chgilup `h cflbsh lorkb ebibgi.
4. Loihbtbg Ehgiiu Lo`ub ^ogiogbcbg togtbgi poeochjbrbbg ybgi `hcblulbg pb`b Ibr`u Hg`ul sortb porbcbtbg ybgi `hiugblbg.
=. Loihbtbg Ehgiiu Lothib Eoepocbkbrh hgstrulsh lorkb `bg po`febg porbcbtbg pb`b Ibr`u Hg`ul sortb eogihluth poeochjbrbbg ruthg.
0. Loihbtbg Ehgiiu Looepbt Eogihluth loihbtbg poeochjbrbbg ruthg `bg gfg-ruthg pb`b brob lorkb B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc.
?. Loihbtbg Ehgiiu Locheb Eoepocbkbrh
togtbgi
porogmbgbbg
poeochjbrbbg
`bg
pogkb`wbcbg
poeochjbrbbg pb`b ^P.^CG (^orsorf) B^^ Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc sortb eogihluth loihbtbg poeochjbrbbg.
=.4.
Cflbsh `bg Ybltu Loihbtbg Gbeb ^orusbjbbg ; ^P. ^CG (^orsorf) ^=D B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Bcbebt
; Kc. ^cg Tbyb Gf.1, Ibg`uc, Mhgoro, Lftb @opfl, Kbwb Dbrbt 21?20
Ybltu Loihbtbg
=.=
; >? Ebrot 4>2: ” >? Bprhc 4>2:
^rfso`ur / Hgstrulsh Lorkb
2. Ebgbkor Dortbgiiugi kbwbd btbs pogyocbgiibrbbg augish pocbybgbg lopb`b pocbgiibg eocbcuh pogioedbgibg hgfvbsh systoe pocbybgbg, poghgilbtbg, poebsbrbg, poedbmbbg eotor, pogiocfcbbg B^^, pogbihjbg `bg b`ehghstrbsh sortb ugtul pogmbpbhbg tbriot lhgorkb porusbjbbg (torebsul pogurugbg phutbgi) `bg lopubsbg pocbgiibg. 4. ]uporvhsfr ^ocbybgbg ^ocbgiibg Dortbgiiugi
kbwbd
lopb`b
pocbgiibg
eocbcuh
pogioedbgibg
ugtul
eoghgilbtlbg pog`bpbtbg `bg pogmbpbhbg tbriot lhgorkb porusbjbbg `bg lopubsbg pocbgiibg. =. ]uporvhsfr ^oedbmb Eotor Dortbgiiugi
kbwbd
btbs
pogyocogiibrbbg
poedbmbbg
eotor
`ogibg
eocblsbgblbg, eogiog`bchlbg loihbtbg poedbmbbg eotor sortb eoedhgb potuibs dbmb eotor `ogibg sbrbg blurbsh jbshc dbmb eotor `bg lodogbrbg augish B^^ torebsul lobebgbggyb 0. ]uporvhsfr @bc, ^ogiocfcbbg `bg ^ogbihjbg Dortbgiiugi
kbwbd
btbs
pogyocogiibrbbg
`bg
pogiog`bchbg
loihbtbg
pogbihjbg, pocbybgbg `bg poedbybrbg rologhgi sortb pogolbgbg phutbgi pocbgiibg eoguku lo thgilbt gfc (>) ruphbj `bg gfc (>) coedbr. ?. ]uporvhsfr @bc, B`ehghstrbsh `bg Loubgibg Dortbgiiugi kbwbd btbs pogyusugbg bgiibrbg, pogiocfcbbg loubgibg `bg blugtbgsh,pogyocogiibrbbg
losolrotbrhbtbg
`bg
ruebj
pogiocfcbbg ]@E `bg pogyocogiibrbbg loihbtbg lojuebsbg.
tbgiib
lbgtfr,
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
1. ]uporvhsfr ]bedugibg ^ocbgiibg Dortbgiiugi
kbwbd btbs lfgstrulsh,
fporbsh `bg poeochjbrbbg kbrhgibg
pocblsbgbbg ^=D, pcus `bg pogybedugi.
=.0.
^ocblsbgbbg Loihbtbg Pbdoc =.2. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-2 Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg ^b`b jbrh portbeb ebibgi hgh, loihbtbg ybgi lbeh cblulbg b`bcbj pogibrbjbg toepbt
`bg
ebibgi,
poedolbcbg sortb
eoghgkbu
chgilugibg lorkb
]oghg, >? Ebrot 4>2:
^ogiogbcbg chgilugibg toepbt ebibgi
^b`b jbrh lo`ub ebibgi, topbtgyb `h ]whtmjybr` ?>> lQ, `hcblulbg ]ocbsb, >1
^oebsbgibg
Ebrot 4>2:
^ogtfirbe
poebsbgibg
^ogtfirbe.
@hsbgb
kuib, lbeh dortoeu `ogibg ^bl Du`hebg ]hbjbbg (^ogibwbs L=), ybgi kuib turut eoedhedhgi lbeh socbeb dorb`b `h cbpbgibg.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
^b`b jbrh lothib ebibgi, lbeh `hbkbl
suporvhsfr
(Dbgi
Aor`h),
ugtul eochjbt poeochjbrbbg tbjugbg dbtorbh bclbch 0: vfct ught H. ^b`b sbbt poeochjbrbbg,
`hcblulbg
prfsos
Mjbrihgi, _kh lbpbshtbs, _kh Ocoltrfcht
Tbdu, >9 Ebrot 4>2:
^oeochjbrbbg tbjugbg dbtorbh bclbch 0: vfct ught H Loebgi
`bg rolfg`hsh.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Lbehs, >9
Eogmbrh dbjbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Kuebt, >8
Eogmbrh
suedor
chtorbturo
`h
porpustblbbg.
TOJBP
Ebrot 4>2:
]bdtu, 2>
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Ehgiiu, 22
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
Pbdoc =.4. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-4 Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg ^b`b
loihbtbg
ebibgi
hgh,
ebjbshswb ^LC dorsbeb rolbgrolbg lorkb eogihluth polorkbbg `h cubr Dbso Mbep. Loihbtbg htu b`bcbj ]oghg, 24 Ebrot 4>2:
Ebguvor dy Loebgi<
Ebguvor dy Loebgi< poeochjbrbbg
poeochjbrbbg torehgbc
torehgbc
ught (Jbrh-2)
ught.
`heblsu`lbg
^olorkbbg ugtul
hgh
eoedubt
ef`hahlbsh torjb`bp fporbsh gfrebc `brh
kbrhgibg
ibgiiubg
ybgi
blhdbt
b`bgyb
eoedutujlbg
poeb`bebg, bibr totbp tormbpbh
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
lfg`hsh pogybcurbg togbib
chstrhl
`ogibg soeblshebc eugilhg.
Ebguvor
kbrhgibg
eoehsbjlbg
ugtul
dbihbg-dbihbg
kbrhgibg ybgi soeucb torjudugi `bcbe
lob`bbg
dortoibgibg
btbupug th`bl dortoibgibg `bcbe lfg`hsh gfrebcgyb. ]ocbsb, 2= Ebrot 4>2:
Ebguvor dy Loebgi< poeochjbrbbg torehgbc ught (Jbrh-4)
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
]beb soporth jbrh-jbrh sodocuegyb, pb`b jbrh hgh lbeh ebshj eocblulbg loihbtbg
ebguvor
poedodbsbg
toibgibg. Cflbsh lbch hgh dorb`b `h phgiihr kbcbg Kblbrtb ybgi rbebh, sojhgiib loihbtbg ybgi `hcblulbg mulup
torsog`bt.
Lodorjbshcbg
loihbtbg ebguvor kbrhgibg `brh soih Tbdu, 20 Ebrot 4>2:
Ebguvor dy Loebgi< poeochjbrbbg torehgbc ught (Jbrh-=)
Lbehs, 2?
Eogmbrh dbjbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
tolghs `htogtulbg fcoj lfgahiurbsh kbrhgibg `bg porbcbtbg ebguvor ybgi torso`hb `h sopbgkbgi kbrhgibg.
Eogmbrh
porpustblbbg.
Kuebt, 21 Ebrot 4>2:
suedor
TOJBP
chtorbturo
`h
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
]bdtu, 29
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Ehgiiu, 2:
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
Pbdoc =.=. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-= Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
Hg
]orvhmo
Hgspomthfg
b`bcbj
hgspolsh btbu poeorhlsbbg torjb`bp porbcbtbg ybgi `hcblsbgblbg `bcbe lob`bbg porbcbtbg dorfporbsh (fgchgo), `ogibg eogiiugblbg ? pbgmb hg`orb
`bg
so`orjbgb, ]oghg, 28 Ebrot 4>2:
^oeochjbrbbg poeutus
eotorhgi `ogibg
sombrb
pocblsbgbbg
porhf`o tortogtu (Ducbgbg).
togbib thpo IB] ]A1 Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ
Efghtfrhgi suju `hcblulbg sombrb ]ocbsb, 4> Ebrot 4>2:
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b
dorlbcb
`h
ththl
jftspft,
`bcbe
ththl jftspft (sombrb
lob`bbg poedodbgbg ybgi thgiih.
dorlbcb)
^orhf`o dodbg thgiih torkb`h pb`b puluc 2>.>> pbih `bg 20.>> shbgi.
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Efghtfrhgi suju `hcblulbg `ogibg eogiiugblbg
bcbt
dorgbeb
‚Hgarbro` Pjorefirbpjy‘
^ogiombtbg ifrfgi-ifrfgi
pogybgiib
tutup
`hcblulbg
supbyb
th`bl dorlbrbt.
Tbdu, 42 Ebrot 4>2:
^ogiombtbg pogybgiib tutup ifrfgi-ifrfgi
Lbehs, 44
Eogmbrh dbjbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogmbrh
suedor
porpustblbbg.
chtorbturo
`h
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Kuebt, 4=
TOJBP
Ebrot 4>2:
]bdtu, 40
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Ehgiiu, 4?
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
Pbdoc =.0. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-0 Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
]oghg, 41
Hzhg porpbgkbgi
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
Hzhg ugtul eoeporpbgkbgi `urbsh ebibgi pb`b ducbg socbgkutgyb (Bprhc), `h IH Mhlupb. (>8.>?) ^EP 2?> lQ Loebgi 4 # (>8.>9) @] Toc H Loebgi 4 # (>8.>:) @] Chgo Loebgi 4 # (>8.20) @] 2/20 Loebgi 4 #
]ocbsb, 49
^oedodbsbg Loebgi
Ebrot 4>2:
4
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
^b`b jbrh Tbdu, loihbtbg lbch hgh b`bcbj pogiibgthbg MP btbu Prbaf Brus. ^b`b sbbt MP `btbgi, blbg `hcblulbg poeorhlsbbg ahshl torcodhj `bjucu
sodbibh
wuku`
sodubj
qubchty mfgtrfc. Ph`bl dfcoj b`b rotblbg, btbu dbjlbg roedosbg fch Tbdu, 4:
^ogiibgthbg MP `h
Ebrot 4>2:
Ibr`u Hg`ul 2?> lQ
trbaf.
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b ththl jftspft `h solhtbr dusdbr, ugtul eogiotbjuh pbgbs Lbehs, 48
Efghtfrhgi suju pb`b
Ebrot 4>2:
ththl jftspft
`ogibg
eogiiugblbg
hgarbro` tfefirbpjy. ^og`otolshbg hgh
`hcblulbg
ugtul
eogmoibj
theducgyb dbjbyb lodblbrbg pb`b ththl
fvorjobthgi
tor`otolsh.
ybgi
th`bl
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Kuebt, =>
TOJBP
Ebrot 4>2:
]bdtu, =2
Eogmbrh dbjbg cbpfrbg
Ebrot 4>2:
ebibgi
Ehgiiu, >2
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Bprhc 4>2:
ebibgi
Eogmbrh
suedor
chtorbturo
`h
porpustblbbg. Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi.
Pbdoc =.?. Cbpfrbg Jbshc Ebibgi Ehgiiu lo-? Jbrh `bg
Koghs Loihbtbg Xbgi
Pbgiibc
@hcblulbg
]oghg, >4
Eogiorkblbg cbpfrbg
Bprhc 4>2:
ebibgi
_rbhbg ^olorkbbg
Eogyocosbhlbg pogyusugbg cbpfrbg ebibgi. @h ^EP b`b `ub lfg`hsh,
`hebgb
lfg`hsh cflbc `bg roefto. Lfg`hsh ]ocbsb, >=
^ogiukhbg dby
roefto
Bprhc 4>2:
mbpbshtfr IH Ibg`uc
dbihbg
soporth
porbwbtbg
poeochjbrbbg torkb`h
jbcgyb
ebhgtbgmo.
ibgiiubg,
eblb
dbihbg`bg Khlb ybgi
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
Lbeh `hbkbl Ebs Olf (tolghsh `h Ibg`uc 2?> Lv), eochjbt lo `bcbe rubgi chgilup pogyucbgi soc 4> lQ. @hsbgb lbeh eoepocbkbrh `ogbj ]hgico Chgo @hbirbe IH Ibg`uc. Lbehs, >?
Eogiogbc rubgi chgilup pogyucbgi soc
Bprhc 4>2:
4> lQ
=.?. ^ocubgi `bg Log`bcb ybgi `hjb`bph =.?.2. ^ocubgi Xbgi @hjb`bph ^ocubgi ybgi poguchs `bpbt pb`b sbbt lorkb ebibgi b`bcbj sodbibh dorhlut; 2. Hlut dorporbg `bcbe subtu poeochjbrbbg ybgi `hcblulbg. 4. @bpbt eoebjbeh shlcus lorkb `bg porbcbtbg-porbcbtbg ybgi tor`bpbt `h Ibr`u Hg`ul ^P. ^CG (^orsorf) ^=D B^^ Mbwbgi Dbso Mbep Ibg`uc. =. @bpbt eogiotbjuh prfso`ur lorkb pb`b sbbt poeochjbrbbg btbupug pb`b sbbt torkbb`h ibgiiubg.
=.?.4. Log`bcb Xbgi @hjb`bph Log`bcb ybgi poguchs `bpbt pb`b sbbt lorkb ebibgi b`bcbj sodbibh dorhlut;
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
`ogibg
eogiiugblbg
hgarbro`
tfefirbpjy.
Efghtfrhgi pb`b
suju
sbbt
`hcblulbg
poedodbgbg
thgiih, solhtbr puluc 2>.>> pbih.
Lbeh `hbkbl Ebs Olf (tolghsh `h Ibg`uc 2?> Lv), eochjbt lo >? Bprhc 4>2:
Eogiogbc rubgi chgilup pogyucbgi soc 4> lQ
`bcbe
rubgi
chgilup
pogyucbgi soc 4> lQ. @hsbgb lbeh
eoepocbkbrh
]hgico Ibg`uc.
Chgo
`ogbj
@hbirbe
IH
www.p`aog.mfe; Eorio, mfgvort bg` mfepross ahcos bg` oebhcs tf ^@A fr ^@A/B.
2. Ph`bl `hiugblbggyb bcbt losocbebtbg sosubh `ogibg L=. 4. ^oeochjbrbbg `h ibr`u hg`ul codhj sorhgi `hcblulbg lothlb jbrh chdur.
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