Laporan Kualitas Fisik Tanah

LA[GXAJ [XADRED_F

[OJ@AFHELAJ ^AF[OL RAJAM [OFOXED^AAJ D_ALERA^ IE^ED RAJAM Be~u~uj ujrud fofojume ru`a~ Fara Duleam [R[^[

Be~u~uj glom 3 1* 8* >* 2* ?* 9* 0* =* 5*

Laela Dmu~jul Dgrefam Log Fumaffab X Fexa Iexbeajre Fuire Aixesal Fumaffab Ajb Iexfaj~am Jefa~ Juxeba Jggx Iable Jux Mebaare Xarja Bpe Uulejreja

[;01>>111;8; [;01>>111;81 [;01>>111;88 [;01>>111;8> [;01>>111;82 [;01>>111;89 [;01>>111;80 [;01>>111;8= [;01>>111;85

DOFOJROXEAJ DO^OMARAJ XO[_HLED EJBGJO^EA [GLERODJED DO^OMARAJ UG@UADAXRA C_X_^AJ DO^OMARAJ LEJ@D_J@AJ 8;18

1

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[OJ@AFHELAJ ^AF[OL RAJAM BAJ [OFOXED^AAJ D_ALERA^ IE^ED RAJAM A* PADR_ [OLAD^AJAAJ

Maxe, raj``al 3 Cuf―ar, 8 Jgyofhox 8;18 [udul

3 ;5*;; „  ;5*;;  „ 1;*>; 1;*>; PEH

Rof{ar

3 ~af{ej` Lahgxargxeuf Ba~ax Do{oxaparaj

H* R_C_AJ

1* Foj`oramue rodjed {oj`afhelaj ~af{ol rajam baj {ofoxed~aaj {M, ~umu ~oxra dolofhahaj rajam* 8* Foj`oramue {M, ~umu baj dolofhahaj rajam aj` be {oxed~a*

N* BA^AX ROGXE

Rajam abalam ~uaru hojba alafe moroxg`oj aj` roxbexe ara~ dgf{gjoj&dgf{gjoj {abar, naexaj, baj `a~, fof{ujae ~eiar ~oxra {xeladu aj` bejafed* ^eiar bejafed rajam rox~ohur daxoja rajam foxu{adaj ~~rof aj` roxhuda boj`aj roxcabeja {xg~o~ {oxrudaxaj hamaj baj ojox` ~onaxa hoxdo~ejafhuj`aj -[alax, 1552%* Uaj` fofhuar rajam eru ~uhux beajraxaja {ola{udaj lajcur, hamaj fejoxalg`e, da{a~era~ {oxrudaxaj daregj -D[D% aj` rej``e, dolofhahaj aex, {M jorxal baj dolohemaj `axaf* Rajam aj` ~omar fofelede dofaf{uaj ujrud fojef{aj baj fof{xg~o~ cuflam aj` fojadcuhdaj aex* Xojbamja dualera~, mahe~ rajam, be ~e~e laej, maja rebad adaj fojamaj aex baj adaj, {aba `elexajja, fojej``aldaj rajafaj aj` rej``e baj doxej` baj admexja fare* Foxoda dujne ujrud ~omar, rej``e dualera~ rajam abalam hajad hamaj gx`ajed, ~o~uaru

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Rajam hox~eiar ~aj`ar {ojrej` ha`e domebu{aj, ~omej``a {oxlejbuj`aj dualera~ baj do~omaraj rajam ~oha`aefaja {oxlejbuj`aj roxmaba{ dualera~ ubaxa baj aex maxu~ ~aj`ar beca`a* Jafuj hajad iadrgx aj` ba{ar fojuxujdaj dualera~ baj do~omaraj rajam rox~ohur, fe~alja dabax maxa aj` roxdajbuj` balaf rajam, yo`ora~e, edlef, ~eiar ie~ed baj defea rajam* Dualera~ rajam eru ~ojbexe ba{ar beboieje~edaj ~onaxa ufuf ~oha`ae dofaf{uaj rajam ujrud foj`ma~eldaj {xgbud rajafaj aj` hox`ese baj afaj ~onaxa hoxdolajcuraj, ~oxra fojej`dardaj do~omaraj faju~ea baj roxjad, raj{a fojefhuldaj baf{ad jo`arei roxmaba{ ~ufhoxbaa baj lej`duj`aj* Iadrgx aj` fof{oj`axume dualera~ rajam {aba ha`eaj ie~edja abalam rod~rux rajam, hamaj gx`ajed,a`xo`a~e, da{a~era~ la{aj` aex, bxaeja~o, rg{g`xaie, baj edlef* ^obaj`daj aj` fof{oj`axume {aba ha`eaj {oj`glamajja abalam Ejroj~era~ {oj`glamaj rajam, {ojafhamaj gx`ajed rajam, {oj`oro~aj {M rajam, adreyera~ fedxghea baj `axaf* Balaf {ojojruaj dualera~ rajam, maxu~ fof{oxmaredaj hajad iadrgx, ~alam ~aruja aeru ~eiar rajam -ie~ed, heglg`e, baj defea%* Glom daxoja eru, ~aj`ar {ojrej` ujrud fama~e~pa folad~ajadaj {xadreduf dualera~ rajam, aeru boj`aj fojcabedaj ~eiar ie~ed, defea, baj heglg`e rajam ~oha`ae {axaforox aj` beafare* [oj`afhelaj ~af{ol rajam foxu{adaj rama{aj rox{ojrej` be balaf {xg`xaf uce rajam* Mal& mal aj` {oxlu be{oxmaredaj 3 1* Caj`aj foj`afhel ngjrgm rajam baxe `aloj`aj, ~olgdaj, hehex roxa~, rajam roxoxg~e ~oderax xufam baj calaj, hoda~ {ofhadaxaj ~af{am'  ~e~a rajafaj' coxafe, hoda~ {ojefhujaj {u{ud, da{ux baj hamaj gx`ajen, baj hoda~ {oj``ofhalaaj roxjad* 8* [oxfudaaj rajam aj` adaj beafhel ngjrgmja maxu~ hox~em baxe

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>* Alar& alar aj` be`ujadaj hox~em baxe dgrgxaj& dgrgxaj baj rebad  hoxdaxar* Dajrgj` {la~ren aj` be`ujadaj ~ohaedja fa~em haxu, holuf {oxjam be{adae ujrud do{oxluaj laej* {M rajam arau ro{arja {M laxuraj rajam ~aj`ar {ojrej` daxoja laxuraj rajam foj`ajbuj` uj~ux maxa ~o{oxre Jerxg`oj -J%, [gra~~euf'daleuf -D%, baj [g~{gx -[% befaja rajafaj fofhurumdaj balaf cuflam roxrojru ujrud  rufhum, hoxdofhaj`, baj hoxramaj roxmaba{ {ojader*Ceda {M laxuraj rajam fojej`dar mej``a be ara~ ?,?4 Jerxg`oj -balaf hojrud jerxar% fojcabe rox~obea ha`e rajafaj* Be ~e~e laej [g~{gx adaj rox~obea ha`e rajafaj {aba [m ajraxa 9,; mej``a 0,;* Balaf {ofoxed~aaj {M rajam be la{aj`aj ba{ar foj``ujadaj {M ~gel ro~rox arau ejbedargx laxuraj fau{uj doxra~ {M* B* ALAR BAJ HAMAJ

1* Au`ox 8* Roxfgforox >* {M ~gel ro~rox 2* Dajrgj` {la~red  ?* ^odg{ 9* ^axuj` raj`aj 0* Molf doxca =* Fa~dox 5* Doxra~ Lahol 1;* Alar rule~ baj hudu nararaj

O* NAXA DOXCA

1* Fojea{daj alar baj fojojrudaj lgda~e aj` adaj be`ujadaj balaf

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>* Foj`afhel rajam aj` fojof{ol {aba au`ox boj`aj ~odg{ donel, dofubeaj fofa~uddajja do balaf dajrgj` {la~red* 2* Foladudaj {olaholaj {aba dofa~aj ~af{ol* ?* Foladudaj

{oj`uduxaj

~umu

~af{ol

rajam

boj`aj

fofa~uddaj

roxfgforox do balaf luhaj` aj` rolam behuar* 9* Fojnarar ma~el {oj`uduxaj* 0* Foladudaj {oj`uduxaj {M baj dolofhahaj boj`aj fofa~uddaj {M ~gel ro~rox do balaf luhaj` rajam ~olafa ? fojer* _jrud {oj`uduxaj dolofhahaj boj`aj naxa fojodaj {M ~gel ro~rox roxu~ fojoxu~, aj`da dolofhahaj berujcudaj glom paxja mecau -paxja aj` aba ~o~uae foxd  alar%* =* Fojnarar ma~el {oj`uduxaj*

I* BARA MA^EL [OJ@AFARAJ

Baxe {xadreduf aj` beladudaj, be{oxglom bara ~oha`ae hoxedur3 1* Dolofhahaj rajam

31/

8* ^umu rajam

3 89 N

>* {M rajam

39

g

@* [OFHAMA^AAJ

Dolofhahaj ubaxa balaf rajam foxu{adaj ~alam ~aru iadrgx {ojrej` baxe

{oxrufhumaj

rajafaj*

Dolofhahaj

aj`

hoxlohemaj

ba{ar

foj`adehardaj adax rajafaj fojoxa{ hajad aex baj no{ar hu~ud, ~obaj`daj doduxaj`aj dolofhahaj {aba rajam fojohahdaj adax rajafaj doduxaj`aj aex ~omej``a {oxrufhumaj rajafaj rebad g{refal* Dolofhahaj rajam aj` be{oxglom baxe {oj`uduxaj rox~ohur ~oho~ax 1 /

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berojrudaj glom xabea~e faramaxe, doxa{araj rajafaj, be~rxehu~e namaa balaf racud rajafaj, dajbuj`aj loj`a~ rajam -loj`a~ 6 aex aj` roxedar%, ~oxra adreyera~ fedxghadroxe* ^umu rajam aj` xojbam ba{ar fof{oj`axume {ojoxa{aj aex baxe {oxrufhumaj rufhumaj* Ceda ~umu rajam xojbam, donel dofuj`dejaj roxcabe rxaj~{exa~e, baj ba{ar foj`adehardaj rufhumaj foj`alafe bomebxa~e arau doduxaj`aj aex* [oj`axum baxe ~umu rajam {aba {xg~o~ {ojoxa{aj he~a belemar baxe ma~el {oxuhamaj ye~dg~era~ aex, dofaf{uaj fojoxa{ baxe fofhxaj ~ol, baj adreyera~ ie~eglg`e baxe ~ol&~ol adax eru ~ojbexe* Boj`aj dara laej {aba doabaaj ubaxa aj` {aja~ fada oya{gxa~e aex baxe {oxfudaaj rajam adaj ~ofadej ho~ax -Re~balo ajb Jol~gj, 1599%* {M rajam foxu{adaj ~alam ~aru ~eiar defea rajam* {M rajam fojujcuddaj ~eiar doa~afaj baj aldalejera~ rajam, boj`aj fojujcuddaj hajadja dgj~ojrxa~e egj mebxg`oj -M$% balaf rajam* ^ofadej rej``e dabax $

M balaf rajam ~ofadej fa~af rajam rox~ohur* {M rajam hoxde~ax ajraxa ;  „  12 boj`aj {M 0 be~ohur ~oha`ae {M jorxal, duxaj` baxe 0 be~ohur boj`aj fa~af baj lohem baxe 0 be~ohur boj`aj aldale~* {M rajam be Ejbgjo~ea ufufja fa~af hoxde~ax ajraxa 2,;  „  ?,?, ~omej``a rajam boj`aj {M 9,;  „  9,? rolam bedaradaj haed, palau{uj ~ohojaxja a`ad fa~af -^axpgjg Maxbcgpe`ojg balaf Elfu Rajam, 8;;>%*

M* DO^EF[_LAJ

Baxe {xadreduf aj` beladudaj be{oxglom {M rajam ~oho~ax 9, mal eje fojujcuddaj hampa rajam rox~ohur a~af, baj ujrud be Ejbgjo~ea rajam rox~ohur fa~em rox`glgj` rajam boj`aj {M aj` haed* Baj ujrud fof{oxglom dorox~obeaaj maxa aj` g{refuf ha`e {oxrufhumaj rajafaj baj do`earaj

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E*

LAF[EXAJ

“{M ^gel Ro~rox‖

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“[oj`afhelaj ^af{ol Rajam‖

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“[oj`uduxaj ^umu Rajam‖ Rajam ‖

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^ufhox 3 A`xgrodjglg`e u~u* 10 Gdrghox 8;11* mrr{3''gf{ajo*hlg`~{gr*ngf'8;11'1;'~umu& rajam*mrfl* Bead~o~ {aba raj``al 15 Jgyofhox 8;18* Ugmajo~

[gxjgfg*

Ugmajo~*ngf*

5

Cuje

8;18*

mrr{3''gmajjo~1*hlg`~{gr*ngf'8;18';9'muhuj`aj&{m&rajam&boj`aj& do~obeaaj*mrfl* Bead~o~ {aba raj``al 15 Jgyofhox 8;18* Habaj

Lej`duj`aj

Mebu{*

[oj`uceaj

Dualera~

Rajam*

mrr{3''hlm*{ejxaj`dah*`g*eb'ejbo}*{m{'dualera~&rajam* Bead~o~ {aba raj``al 88 Jgyofhox 8;18*