Laporan Kp Samator Agi 5

July 23, 2019 | Author: ery merchandani | Category: N/A
Share Embed Donate


Short Description

PT. Aneka Gas Industri tbk...

Description

LAPORAN KERJA PRAKTEK

SAMATOR PT. ANEKA GAS INDUSTRI TBK SURABAYA UNIT PRODUKSI AIR SEPARATION PROCESS

Disusun oleh

:

1. Anggun Cipta Pratiwi

D500130019

2. Ery Merchandani Merchandani

D500130020

Program Studi Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 2017

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang

Gas industri mengemban berbagai fungsi penting dalam ekonomi. Sebagian diantaranya digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk membuat bahan kimia lain, contohnya yang terpenting terpenting adalah oksigen, nitrogen, dan argon. Meskipun oksigen bukan penyusun udara yang terbesar tetapi, oksigen adalah gas yang paling banyak dibutuhkan oleh mahkluk hidup. Di alam, oksigen terdapat dalam bentuk bebas sebagai molekul O2  yang merupakan 20% volume, dan 23,1%  berat atmosfer. Selain S elain itu, oksigen juga merupakan 46,6% berat kerak bumi, dimana oksigen berada dalam sebagian besar mineral mineral silikat. silikat.

Kebutuhan industri industri akan

oksigen dari tahun ke tahun terus mengalami kenaikan. Oksigen banyak digunakan dalam industri baja, kimia, petrokimka, pengerjaan logam, kebutuhan rumah sakit, dll.  Nitrogen dengan rumus kimia N2  menurut sifat fisisnya dapat terbentuk gas atau cair dalam keadaan suhu dan tekanan normal akan berwujud gas yang tidak  berbau dan tidak berwarna. Nitrogen ini hanya h anya digunakan digunak an pada pembuatan ammonia, ammon ia, industri pengolahan makanan, dan industri baja. Argon merupakan gas inert (lamban), tidak berwarna, dan tidak mempunyai rasa, dengan rumus kimia Ar. Sifat fisisnya dapat terbentuk gas ataupun cair. Argon dapat digunakan dalam industri bola lampu serta sebagai sebagai gas inert inert pada pengelasan dan pemotongan logam. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan industri tersebut, maka industri penghasil

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

industri tersebut adalah Samator PT. Aneka Gas Industri Tbk yang terletak di desa Beringin Bendo, Kecamatan Taman, Kabupaten Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur. 1.2 Umum

PT. Aneka Gas Industri dahulunya merupakan perusahaan Perseroan Terbatas Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN), tetapi sekarang PT. Aneka Gas Industri merupakan perusahaan swasta di bawah naungan Samator Group yang bergerak dalam bidang industri gas. PT. Aneka Gas Industri cabang Sidoarjo unit V merupakan salah satu cabang diantara tujuh cabang. Cabang-cabang tersebut antara lain : 1. Cabang Jakarta. Unit produksi : oksigen dan nitrogen. 2. Cabang Sidoarjo. Unit produksi : oksigen, nitrogen, argon, special gas dan N2O. 3. Cabang Semarang. Unit produksi : oksigen dan nitrogen. 4. Cabang Medan. Unit produksi : oksigen, nitrogen dan acetylene. 5. Cabang Makassar. Unit produksi : oksigen, nitrogen, karbon dioksida dan acetylene. 6. Cabang Bitung. Unit produksi : oksigen, nitrogen, karbon dioksida dan dry ice. ice. 7. Cabang Pekan Baru. Unit produksi : oksigen dan nitrogen. I.3 Sejarah Perusahaan

PT. Aneka Gas Industri Cabang Sidoarjo adalah salah satu cabang yang dimiliki oleh PT. Aneka Gas Industri di samping cabang-cabang lainnya. PT. Aneka

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

 Negara (BUMN) di bawah perlindungan Departemen Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Republik Indonesia. Pada tahun 1916, sebuah perusahaan Belanda yang bernama NV WA Hoek Machine en Zuurstof membangun pabrik Oksigen di Jakarta kemudian diikuti membangun pabrik lainnya di Surabaya pada tahun 1920. Sementara itu pada tahun 1924 perusahaan Belanda lain, NV Javasche Koolzoer Fabriek, mendirikan pabrik Karbon Dioksida di Surabaya, kedua perusahaan inilah yang kemudian menjadi cikal  bakal PT. Aneka Gas Industri. Pada tahunn 1950 , kedua perusahaan tersebut dinasionalisasikan oleh pemerintah Indonesia, NV WA Hoek Machine en Zuurstof menjadi PN Zat Asam dan NV Javasche Koolzoer menjadi PN Asam Arang. Tahun 1971, berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 1971 Perusahaan Negara Zat Asam bergabung dan statusnya berubah menjadi PT. Aneka Gas Industri (Persero) sebagai BUMN. Untuk memperkuat posisinya sebagai perusahaan utama di bidang gas industri Indonesia dan dalam mengantisipasi persaingan yang semakin tajam dalam era globalisasi, PT. Aneka Gas Industri pada tahun 1996 mengadakan kerjasama dengan Messer Griesheim GmbH dari Jerman dan PT. Tira Austenite. Bentuk kerjasama ini adalah peningkatan modal PT. Aneka Gas Industri sehingga mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pengembangan usahanya. Saham pemerintah RI sebesar 50% diprivatisasi ke Messer Griesheim GmbH (30%) dan PT. Tira Austenite (20%) dan statusnya  berubah menjadi Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA). Pada tahun 1998, 50% saham pemerintah Republik Indonesia yang tersisa diprivatisasi lebih lanjut ke Messer Griesheim GmbH hingga PT. Aneka Gas Industri hanya dimiliki oleh Messer Griesheim GmbH (90%) dan PT. Tira Austenite (10%). Tahun 2003, saham Messer Griesheim GmbH dialihkan semuanya ke PT. Tira

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

Tira Austenite (51%) dan PT. Samator Gas Industri (49%). Pada tahun 2004, seluruh saham PT. Tira Austenite dijual kepada PT. Samator Gas Industri dan sampai saat ini PT. Aneka Gas Industri masuk dalam Samator Group . LOKASI DAN TATA LETAK PABRIK I.3.1. Lokasi Pabrik

Lokasi pabrik merupakan faktor yang menentukan suksesnya suatu pabrik karena meskipun desain pabrik maupun prosesnya sangat baik tetapi jika lokasinya tidak strategis akan menyebabkan pabrik tersebut menemui kesulitan. Sebab semua tujuan dari pembuatan desain atau proyek selalu dihitung dengan cost . Sehingga  pemilihan lokasi harus tepat untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. PT. Aneka Gas Industri Cabang Sidoarjo terletak di Jalan Surabaya –  Surabaya  –   Mojokerto Km 19 Taman  –   Sidoarjo, yang cukup strategis bila ditinjau dari beberapa segi yaitu : 1. Trasnportasi

: Mudah dicapai karena banyaknya sarana angkutan

yang memadai. 2. Tenaga kerja

: Mudah diperoleh karena berada di kawasan industri

yang ramai. 3. Lokasi

: Areal pabrik dengan luas ± 2,5 hektar memudahkan

dalam pengangkutan produk. 4. Energi listrik dan air

: Listrik berasal dari PLN dan air berasal dari PDAM

Surabaya. I.3.2. Tata Letak Pabrik

Tata letak pabrik cukup panjang. Peralatan proses produksi dan fasilitas lainnya diatur secara efisien, sehingga pengoperasian bisa berjalan dengan cepat.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1 Tinjauan Umum

Gas mengemban berbagai fungsi penting dalam ekonomi. Sebagian diantaranya digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk membuat bahan kimia lain. Contohnya ialah oksigen, nitrogen, dan hydrogen. Nitrogen digunakan untuk mempertahankan rasa makanan kemasan karena dapat mencegah reaksi kimia. Beberapa gas sangat berguna dalam pengobatan, misalnya oksigen dan helium. Dalam perkembangan industry modern, timbul suatu bidang baru dalam keteknikan yaitu kriogenika. Dengan dikembangkannya teknik-teknik kriogenika baru, biaya  pencairan (likuefaksi) dapat da pat diperkecil, peralatan yang digunakan untuk penimbunan,  penanganan, dan pengapalan cairan dan gas yang sangat dingin pun menjadi lebih  baik dan sederhana. Oksigen dan nitrogen secara prinsip dibuat melalui likuefaksi dan rektifikasi udara. Udara adalah campuran berbagai zat, delapan diantaranya terdapat dalam konsentrasi tertentu yang tetap dan tujuh diantaranya n ilai komersial. Tabel 2.1 komposisi udara Gas

Volume (%)

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

Karbon dioksida

0,02004

2.2 Tinjauan Khusus

Produksi gas oksigen dengan kemurnian tinggi melalui proses kriogenik. Udara yang sudah dikompresi sampai tekanan 520 kPa didalam compressor sentrifugal dan sesudah itu didinginkan. Setelah cairan yang terdapat didalamnya dipisahkan, udara dimasukkan kedalam penukar kalor pembalik (reversing heat exchanger) dan didinginkan sampai mendekati titik embunnya melalui pertukaran kalor dengan produk gas yang akan keluar. Dengan mendinginkan udara tersebut, kelembaban yang ada mengkondensasi dan membeku di dinding-dinding alur  penukar kalor. Udara yang keluar dari penukar kalor pembalik sudah kering sekali dan lebih dari 99% karbon dioksidanya sudah keluar. Udara bersih kemudian diumpankan bagian bawah kolom bagian bawah dalam suatu rektifikator ganda. Rektifikator kolom ganda terdiri dari dua buah kolom destilasi yang dihubungkan secara termal pada bagian tengah sebuah penukar yang berfungsi sebagai kondensor bagi kolom bawah dan pendidih bagi kolom atas. Oleh karena itu nitrogen lebih mudah menguap dibandingkan oksigen, nitrogen akan bergerak naik didalam kedua kolom tersebut, sedangkan oksigen akan turun. Pada pendidih kolom

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

didalam pemanas lanjut nitrogen, lalu dijadikan arus umpan utama untuk kolom atas. Gas yang tersisa dikeluarkan sebagai waste nitrogen berkemurnian rendah dari kolom atas. Arus nitrogen dan oksigen tersebut keduanya dipanaskan sampai kurang lebih 100 K. kemudian diteruskan kedalam penukar kalor pembalik untuk dipanaskan sampai suhu kamar dengan pertukaran kalor dengan udara masuk. Nitrogen dan oksigen berkemurnian tinggi dipanaskan didalam masing-masing penukar kalor, sedangkan waste nitrogen mengalir melalui karbondioksida padat dan campuran beku yang telah mengendap sebelumnya dari udara, sehingga endapan itu mensublimasi kedalam waste nitrogen dan dibawa keluar dari penukar kalor. Refrigasi yang diperlukan untuk mengatasi masuknya kalor kedalam proses didapatkan dengan mengekspansikan sebagian dari arus udara melalui turbin ekspansi sentrifugal. Secara ideal proses ini adalah sutu prosen isentropi dengan entalpi udara yang berekspansi berkurang dan energy dikeluarkan dari proses melalui poros turbin. Udara yang bersih dan dingin untuk turbin ditarik dari sebelah hilir absorber dan dipanakan kembali dalam aliran terpisah didalam penukar kalor pembalik sampai mencapai suhu yang tepat sebelum dimasukkan kedalam turbin. Pemanasan ulang tersebut juga diperlukan untuk mengendalikan suhu, untuk membantu mendapatkan operasi yang bersih bagi penukar kalor pembalik. Udara yang keluar dari turbin

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

 jarak antar produk Oksigen dan waste nitrogen dan diumpankan kedalam kolom Argon, yang

merupakan

kolom samping. Uap umpan utama adalah campuran

argon-oksigen (dengan sedikit nitrogen) dan karena dekatnya titik didih komponenkomponen tersebut, kolom argon dioperasikan pada rasio refluks yang cukup tinggi. Refluks cair dari kolom argon dikembalikan ke kolom atas pada titik yang sama dengan tempat menarik uap. Produk argon kasar ditarik keluar dari puncak kolom argon. Kolom samping argon dijalankan oleh ketel ekspansi zat cair yang didapatkan dari dasar kolom bawah. Uap cairan ketel itu diumpankan kedalam kolom atas pada titik yang sama dengan umpan udara turbin tekanan rendah. Kondensor kolom argon  biasanya mempunyai saluran kecil untuk mengalirkan zat cair ke kolom atas. Tujuannya untuk mencegah menumpuknya hidrokarbon didalam reservoir zat cair kolom argon, karena kondensor ini tidak dilindungi dengan penangkap adsorpsi hidrokarbon seperti pada kondensor utama, kecuali produk argon kasar (mentah). Argon mentah diolah lebih lanjut didalam bagian pabrik yang biasa disebut kilang argon (argon refinery). Produk argon kasar ini mengandung oksigen dan nitrogen tidak murni. Oksigen tidak murni disingkirkan dengan menambahkan hydrogen untuk kemudian dibakar secara katalitik dan gasnya dikeringkan dengan mengeluarkan airnya. Nitrogen tidak murni dikeluarkan dengan suatu langkah destilasi lagi yang menghasilkan argon dengan kemurnian 99,9999%.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

BAB III PROSES PRODUKSI 3.1 Proses Produksi 1. Persiapan Bahan Baku

Dalam prosesnya bahan baku yang digunakan adalah udara di atmosfer yang dikompresi menggunakan compressor (C-100) hingga mencapai tekanan 5,6 kg/cm2, namun sebelumnya udara tersebut dilewatkan dalam filter untuk menyaring debudebu yang terdapat di udara. Filtr ini memiliki 3 lapisan yaitu washable filter, second filter, dan primary filter. Selanjutnya tekanan udara dinaikkan untuk memudakan proses pencairan dalam kolom retrfikasi. Pada proses kompresi ini suhu naik dari 32oC-94oC. namun suhu ini terlalu tinggi untuk penyerapan impuritas pada MS Absorber (V-151 A/B). oleh Karen itu, perlu dilakukan proses pendinginan terebih dahulu. Udara yang akan didinginkan dilewatkan pada unit pendingin udara yang terdiri dari 3 unit yaitu Molecular Sieve Heat Exchanger (H-157), After Cooler (H-113), dan Air Chiller (H122). Pada MS Heat Exchanger udara didinginkan oleh waste nitrogen hingga 63oC

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

2. Proses Pemurnian Udara

Proses

pemurnian

udara

berlangsung

di

MS

Absorber

(V-151A/B)

mengguakan Molecular Sieve yang berfungsi untuk menghilangkan kandungan impuritas dalam udara umpan seperti H2O dan CO2. Dalam ASP terdapat 2 MS yang  bekerja secara bergantian 4 jam (saat MS-A bekerja maka MS-B beregenerasi, begtu  pula sebaliknya). Proses regenerasi ini disebabkan karena penyerapan H2O dan CO2 terbatas. Adapun tahapan regenerasi adalah: a). Depressurizing Udara dalam MS Absorber (V-151A/B) diturunkan tekanannya dari 5,6 kg/cm2  menjadi 0,02 kg/cm2  dalam waktu 720 detik. Penurunan tekanan bertujuan agar gas waste nitrogen yang akan diguanakan untuk meregenerasi MS dapat masuk dan mencegah arus balik karena tekanan pada MS Absorber terlalu tinggi. Proses ini

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

MS yang telah dibersihkan siap digunakan kembali namun MS Absorber harus diberi tekanan hingga mencapai 5,6 kg/cm2. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mencegah tekanan yang besar yang dapat merusak MS. Pressurizing dilakukan dengan cara mengairkan udara dari MS Absorber yang lain hingga mencapai tekanan yang sama. Tahap ini memerlukan waktu 900 detik. Setelah tekanan seimbang kedua MS Adsorber dipakai bersamaan selama 120 detik. Setelah itu MS adsorber yang lain diregenerasi dengan cara yang sama. Tabel 3.1 Tahapan Regenerasi MS Adsorber MS Adsorber

Waktu (detik)

A

B

Depressurizing

Adsorbsi

720

Heating

Adsorbsi

6840

Cooling

Adsorbsi

5400

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

d. Waste N2 dari Sub Cooler (H-213) dengan suhu -175oC e. Gas Ar dari Crude Argon Coloumn (T-241) dengan suhu -185oC sedangkan aliran udara yang didinginkan pada Main Heat Exchanger terdapat dua aliran yaitu: a. Udara proses dari MS Absorber dengan suhu 15oC menjadi -171oC  b. Gas argon dari after filter dari unit Argon Purification P urification (U-500) didinginkan didingink an dari suhu 15oC menjadi -181oC. 4. Tahap Pencairan dan Pemisahan Udara

Tahap pencairan dan pemisahan udara dilakukan dalam kolom retrifikasi yang terdiri dari:

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

dimasukkan kedalam Upper Coloumn dan sebagian lagi dikembalikan ke coloumn untuk menguapkan argon yang ikut mencair. Gas Argon pada bagian Crude Argon coloumn didinginkan dengan Crude Argon Condenser oleh media cair dari Sub Cooler (H-213). Gas oksigen yang ikut menguap terkondensasi akan mencair dan turun ke bagian bawah Crude Argon Coloumn dan dipompakan ke Upper Coloumn sedangkan gas Argon dialirkan ke Main Heat Exchanger sebagai unit pendingin. Setelah melalui Main Heat Exchanger masuk ke unit yang melakuakn proses  pemurnian ini disebut dengan unit Argon Purification (U-500) dimana proses yang terjadi dalam unit ini adalah Crude Argon dikontakkan dengan hydrogen secara  berlebih yang akan bereaksi dan menghasilkan yaitu air (H2O). Reaksi Deoxo Purification membutuhkan suhu yang cukup tinggi oleh karena

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

Setelah uap air mengembun kemudian dipisahkan dalam separator, udara dialirkan ke Dryer A/B yang bekerja secara bergantian untuk menyerap air apabila masih tertinggal dalam Crude Argon. Gas yang keluar dari Dryer inilah yang disebut gas Argon dan dilewatkan dalam After Filter untuk menyaring debu yang terbawa dari dryer. Gas Argon masuk ke Main Heat Exchanger untuk didinginkan dengan  perubahan temperature yaitu dari 15oC menjadi -181oC dan dilanjutkan ke Pure Argon Reboiler (H-232) untuk didinginkan dengan media pendingin argon cair dari dasar Pure Argon Coloumn. Gas Argon yang mengembunkemudian masuk kedalam Argon Flash Drum (V-246) untuk dipisahkan argon cair dan argon yang berupa gas. Argon yang masih dalam wujud gas diproses kembali kedalam Argon Purification sedang Argo dalam wujud liquid masuk kedalam Pure Argon Coloumn , kemudian dibagi menjadi 2 aliran yaitu Pure Argon Boiler sebagai pendingin dan sebagian lagi

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

 b. Proses Produksi Nitrogen Cair Udara dingin dari Main Heat Exchanger masuk ke Lower Coloumn. Gas nitrogen masuk dan berada dibagian atas Lower Coloumn kemudian aliran ini dibagi menjadi 3 aliran utama dan selanjutnya akan dipecah kembali sebagai  berikut: 

Gas nitrogen dari puncak lower coloumn dialirkan ke Main Condensor (H122) di bagian Upper Coloumn. Tujuannya dialirkan gas nitrogrn ini untuk

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

tekanannya dari 31oC dan 4,7 kg/cm2  menjadi 40oC dan 31,8 kg/cm2. Gas nitrogen kemudian masuk kedalam Booster pada Expansion Turbin (X-750) dan tekanan kembali dinaikkan menjadi 44,2 kg/cm2  . gas nitrogen selanjutnya diturunkan suhunya mencapai -54oC didalam Recycle Refrigerator. Gas nitrogen kembali diturunkan suhunya menjadi -169oC pada Recycle Heat Exchanger. Gas yang telah didinginkan tersebut kemudian bergabung dengan aliran gas nitrogen dari Expansion Turbin yang telah didinginkan pada Recycle Heat Exchanger dan didinginkan kembali pada Recycle Heat Exchanger. Selanjutnya sebagian aliran gas niteogen yang

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

BAB IV SPESIFIKASI PRODUK DAN LABORATORIUM 4.1 Spesifikasi Produk

1. Oksigen Symbol kimia

: O2

Berat molekul

: 32 g/mol

Titik didih

-183.11 ℃

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

a. Dalam bentuk gas maupun liquid nitrogen  b. Tidak berbau c. Dalam bentuk gas tidak berwana d. Dalam bentuk liquid nitrogen berwarna putih Kapasitas

: MAX LOX, LiN 600-800 m3/jam MAX LIN, LiN 2.500 m3/jam

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

 pemisahan gas berlangsung. Alat ini bekerja secara otomatis dan kontinyu, gas dari  plant produksi dialirkan melalui turbin dan pipa ke dalam analyzer. Alat ini juga bisa dioperasikan secara manual dengan cara menginjekkan gas yang akan dianalisa pada  bagian belakang analyzer. Pada analyzer terdapat panel dan indicator untuk mengatur dew point , % Ar, % H2, dan kemurnian O2. Data yang terbaca dari analyzer di transfer ke DCS kemudian ditransferkan lagi ke monitor untuk mengetahui data-data keseluruhan selama proses produksi berlangsung. Alat analyzer ini juga perlu dikalibrasi secara berkala. Kalibrasi dilakukan 3 sampai 6 bulan sekali.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

Sampel

: outlet kolom Argon dan outlet sebelum masuk ke

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

BAB V

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

3.  Air Pre-Purification System

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

Jumlah

: 1 unit

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

F1f1 L aporan aporan K er j a Pr aktek aktek Samat Samator or PT. PT . Ane A neka ka Gas I ndustri ndustri T bk.

Tipe

: Outdoor, Self- Standing, Enclosed Type, Packaged

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

View more...

Comments

Copyright ©2017 KUPDF Inc.
SUPPORT KUPDF