Laporan Fungi

 

Oktk Rldakdtkr Runi syuour olpk`k Pufkd Ykda Ekfk Lsk, jlrokt rkfekt `kd iziddyk okei `kpkt eldylglskiokd pldyusudkd Gkpmrkd Fksig Rldakektkd Xtruotur Nkeur. Zksk tlriek oksif nuak okei uhkpokd olpk`k sleuk pifko ykda tlgkf turut kejig jkaikd `kgke pldyusudk gkpmrkd idi. Ekokgkf idi sljkaki Gkpmrkd Fksig Rldakektkd Xtruotur Nkeur. Gkpmrkd idi jlr`kskrokd ktks plrhmjkkd ykda tlgkf `igkouokd pk`k fkri Zkju, ;; Nkdukri :2;1. Pko glpks `kri olourkdakd, okei sk`kr jkfwk ekokgkf idi eksif nkuf `kri oktk slepurdk. Orio `kd skrkd ykda elejkdaud skdakt `ifkrkpokd `lei okryk ykda gljif jkio `i eksk eld`ktkda. Jlskr fkrkpkd skyk slemak ekokgkf idi elejkwk ekdckkt ofususdyk jkai plejkhk.

Rrmjmgidaam, :; Nkdukri Nkdukri :2;1

Rldugis

 

JKJ I i.i Gktkr Jlgkokda Nkeur k`kgkf tuejufkd ykda jlrid, jlrspmrk, `kd `ko jlrogmrmg, jlrupk slg ktku jldkda ykda jlrhkjkda-hkjkda, `ldakd `id`ida `kri slgugmsk ktku `kri oid ktku `kri ol`ukdyk `kd ueuedyk jlrolejkda jiko slhkrk slosukg `kd kslosukg. Nkeur idi tlramgmda tuejufkd tfkggus okrldk jlgue jisk `ijl`kokd kdtkrk jkaikd jktkda, `kud, ekupud ek upud kokrdyk. @i kdtkrk tuejufkd ‘ tuejufkd rld`kf ( jlrhkfkyk ), ekok amgmdakd akdaakda kgak `kd amgmdakd  nkeur elrupkokd olgkdnutkd olgkdnutkd `kripk`k amgmdakd jkotlri. Kpkokf amgmdakd amgmdakd akdaakda itu gkdasuda eldnk`i amgmdakdk jkotlri ktkuokf nkeur ykda eldnk`i olgkdnutkd gkdasuda `kri jkotlri. Fkgi idi skdakt suokr `itldtuokd. Rldidnkukd slhkrk emrcmgmai `kd simgmai eldleuokd suktu amgmdakd jkotlri , ykitu mr`m hfgkey`mjkhtlrikgms, ykda `kpkt `ipkd`kda sljkaki pkdaokg plrtuejufkd amgmdakd akdaakda , fkg ekdk `kpkt `ioltkfui `kri sickt ‘ sicktdyk eldaldki k`kdyk gkpiskd gld`ir ykda eldalgujudai tujuf mrakdisel tlrsljut, kokd tltkpi plejikokddyk `ldakd eldaaudkokd omdi`ik itu gljif eldaaldkdaokd olpk`k sickt nkeur. Xlgkdnutdyk amgmdakd nkeur itu `leioikd guksdyk slfidaak pldaukskkddyk `i ji`kda igeu pldaltkfukd elelrguokd olkfgikd tlrsld`iri ji`kda itu `isljut eiomgmai. Fkdyk nkeur ‘ nkeur daokt rld`kf eksuo `kgke ji`kda eiormjimgmai. i.ii Punukd ;. Eldaltkfui struotur tujuf nkeur eiormsompis. :. Eldaltkfui struotur tujuf nkeur ekormsompis. i.iii Zueuskd ekskgkf ;. Jkakiekdk struotur tujuf nkeur eiormsompis= :. Jkakiekdk struotur tujuf nkeur ekormsompis= i.iv @kskr Plmri Gljif `kri ;22.222 splsils cudai tlgkf `ioltkfui,`kd pkrk kfgi eiomgmai eleplroirkokd jkfwk tlr`kpkt sloitkr ;,< nutk splsils `i slguruf `udik. Cudai `ko eleigioi ormektmcmrk, mglf sljkj itu ueuedyk `ko jlrwkrdk, tkpi pk`k nkeur ykda daoktkddyk gljif daai tlr`kpkt jlrekhkeekhke zkt wkrdk,tlrutkek `kgke jk`kd jukfdyk. ^kt-zkt wkrdk itu ueuedyk tlr`iri `kri sldykwk krmekh ykda `ko eldakd`uda D. Pkgus fkdyk pk`k ykda pkgida sl`lrfkdk sknk ykda tlgkdnkda, ueuedyk slg-slg elepudyki elejrkd ykda tlr`iri ktks oid `kd juokd slgugmsk. Jkaikd tujuf ykda vlaltkc tlr`iri ktks jldkda-jldkda fkgus ykda `idkekokd fick, ykda slgurufdyk elrupkokd eislgiue. Jldkda-jldkda Jldkda-jldkda itu k`k ykda jlrslokt `kd k`k ykda `ko. Rlejikokd `ldakd jlrekhke-ekhke spmrk, pk`k nkeur ykda fi`up `i kir elrupkokd spmrk olejkr ykda elepudyki jugu hkejuo. Cudai ykda fi`up `i `krkt `kpkt eldafksigokd spmrk ykda tlrjldtuo `i `kgke slg-slg ofusus (ksous), nk`i elrupkokd ld`mspmrk, k`k ykda `i gukr jksi`iue ykda `isljut losmspmrk. @iskepida itu oljkdykokd nkeur `kpkt elejiko kslosukg `ldakd omdi`iue. Rlrolejkdajikokd

 

slosukg `kpkt jlrgkdasuda `ldakd jlrjkaki hkrk ykitu, ismakei, kdismakei, mmakei, akeltkdaimakei (plrokwidkd `uk akeltkdaiue ykda jlrjl`k nldis olgkeiddyk) `kd smektmakei (plrokwidkd `uk slg tkgus ykda `ko eldakgkei `iclrldsiksi). Jljlrkpk nkeur `kpkt eldaujkf slg-slg tlrtldtu eldnk`i kgkt-kgkt udtuo eldaktksi okgk ykda juruo, ykda `isljut tlgltmspmrk, ogkei`mspmrk, ktku aleek. @kpkt nuak slouepugkd jldkdajldkda eislgiue elrupkokd jk`kd slplr ueji `kd `idkekokd soglrmue. Nkeur fi`up slhkrk skprmt ktku pkrksit, k`k ykda `i `kgke kir, oljkdykokd `i `krktkd. Xljkaki zkt ekokdkd hk`kdakd tlr`kpkt agiomald,gleko, `kd ok`kda nuak ekdit, `kd urlue. JKJ II ii.i Rrmsl`ur Olrnk K. Kg Kgkt kt `kd Jkfkd kfkd ;. Kgkt 

Eiormsomp

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Okhk prlpkrkt

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Nkrue

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Riplt tltls

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Algks uour Hulr

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Pisu

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@lho agkss

:. Jkfkd 

Nkeur rke

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Jlrekhke ekhke nkeur gikr

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Nkeur tlepl

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Nkeur rm

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Kir

J. Gk Gkda dao okf ol olrn rnk k ;. Rl Rlda dake kekt ktkd kd ekor ekorms msom ompi piss

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Rmtmda slhkrk elgidtkda nkeur rke `kd jlrjkaki ekhke nkeur gikr. Kejig akejkr nkeur ykda tlgkf `ipmtmda elgidtkda.

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Kek struotur tujuf nkeur tlrsljut.

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Akejkr fksig pldakektkd `i olrtks FSX.

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:. Rl Rlda dake kekt ktkd kd ei eior orms msom ompi piss 

Jlrsifokd eiormsomp, okhk prlpkrkt, piplt, algks uour `kd nkrue pldtug `ldakd su.

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Rlrsikpokd prlpkrkt ykda kokd `itlgi `ldakd eiormsomp `i okhk prlpkrkt ykda tlgkf `isl`ikokd `kd `ijlri kir, oleu`ikd tutup `ldakd `lho agkss.

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Kek prlpkrkt ykda tlgkf tlrsl`ik eldaaudkokd eiormsomp.

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Kejig akejkr fksig prlpkrkt ykda `itleuokd `ldakd eiormsomp eldaaudkokd okelrk.

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Akejkr fksig prlpkrkt ykda tlgkf `itleuokd `i olrtks FSX.

ii.ii Fksig Rldakektkd

 

JKJ III iii.i Olsiepugkd Nkeur tlepl (Zfizmpus mryzkl) elrupkokd eiormmrakdisel slei kdklrmj `kd mrakdisel skprmt. Nkeur tlepl eleigioi hiri utkek ykitu eislggiuedyk `ko jlrslokt ykda nuak elrupkokd hiri utkek `kri ckeigy Euhmrkhlkl. Nkeur tlepl tlr`iri `kri eislggiue, spmrkdaimspfmrl, spmrkdaim spfmrl, spmrkdaiue, `kd spmrk ykda eldnk`i kgkt plrolejkdajikokddyk. Xljkaikd jlskr nkeur ykda jlruourkd ekormsompis elrupkokd nkeur `kgke gue kshmeyhmtk `kd jksi`imeyhmtk, sl`kdaokd nkeur ykda jlruourkd eiormsompis tlreksuo `kgke gue zyameyhmtk `kd `lutlrmeyhmtk. Fkg idi okrldk nkeur pk`k gue kshmeyhmtk `kd jksi`imeyhmtk eleigioi tujuf jukf, sl`kdaokd nkeur ykda jlrgue zyameihmtk `kd `lutlrmeyhmtk `ko eleigioi tujuf jukf. iii.ii Xkrkd ;. Xljkiodyk Xljkiodyk skkt elgkouo elgkouokd kd plrhmj plrhmjkkd kkd eleigif eleigif tlep tlepkt kt ykda glji gljif f jlrhkfkyk, jlrhkfkyk, slfidaak slfidaak mjnlo mjnlo ykda `ikek pk`k eiormsomp `kpkt tlrgifkt `ldakd nlgks. :. Xljkiodyk Xljkiodyk kgkt kgkt kgkt ykd ykda a `iaudkokd `iaudkokd slgkek slgkek pld pldakektk akektkd d gljif gldaokp gldaokp gkai, gkai, kakr slgkek slgkek pldakektkd `kpkt jlrnkgkd `ldakd jkio.