Laporan Farmakognosi "Pachyrhizus Erosus"

YFKOLM@ ZNEBBN AMXCMYN HMEJVEB

HFEBKVMEB (Tmi`~x`nwvy (Tmi`~x`nwvy fxoyvy L% . Lmtoxme txmkznkvc Amxcmkobeoyn

Jnyvyve olf` 7

Obn Evx`mxn 8=40=422

Hfebkvmeb mzmv hfebkomeb (Tmi`~x`nwvy fxoyvy. jnkfeml jnkfeml jmxn vchn vchn (ioxcvy. Zvchv`me nen  cfchfezvk vchn mkmx (ioxcvy. hfxhfezvk hvlmz mzmv cfchvlmz yftfxzn bmyneb jfebme hfxmz j mtmz  cfeimtmn 6 kb% Vchne~m cfebmejveb bvlm jme tmzn yfxzm aoyaox jme kmlynvc%Vchn nen gvbm cfcnlnkn  fafk tfejnebne kmxfem kmxf em cfebmejve b kmjmx mnx 01#>4&%

Lmtoxme Txmkznkvc Amxcmkobeoyn

Tmi`~x`nwvy Fxoyvy

HFEBKVMEB (Tmi`~x`nwvy fxoyvy L% .

N% KLMYNANKMYN Knebjoc

7 Tlmezmf (Zvchv`me.

Yvhknebjoc

7 Zxmi`fohnoezm (Zvchv`me hfxtfchvlv`.

Yvtfx Jnqnyn

7 Ytfxcmzot`~zm (Cfeb`mynlkme hngn.

Jnqnyn

7 Cmbeolnot`~zm (Zvchv`me hfxhvebm.

Kflmy

7 Cmbeolnotynjm (hfxkftneb jvm / jnkoznl.

Yvh Kflmy

7 Xoynjmf

Oxjo

7 Amhmlfy

Amcnln

7 Amhmifmf (yvkv toloeb#toloebme.

Bfevy

7 Tmi`~x`nwvy

Ytfynfy

7 Tmi`~x`nwvy fxoyvy (L%. Vxhme

Emcm vcvc Nejoefynm

7

Hmebkvmeb,

[hfebkvmeb,

hfebkomeb

(Gmrm.S,

ynebkvmeb,

hmebkvrmeb (Yvejm. Nebbxny

7 ^mc Hfme

Cflm~v

7 Yfebkvmeb, Ymebkveb

Z`mnlmej

7 Cme kmfo, `vm tmf kkvm

Tnlntnem

7 Ynekmcmy

NN% KMEJVEBME KNCNM Jmve jme hngn hfebkvmeb cfebmejveb ymtoene jme almqoeonjm, jn ymctneb nzv hngne~m gvbm cfebmejveb cne~mk mzynxn% Vchn cfxvtmkme hmbnme ~meb tmlneb hme~mk jnkoeyvcyn jmxn zmemcme hfebkvmeb% Hmbnme jmlmc vchn cfebmejveb bvlm, tmzn, jme olnboymkmxnjm ~meb jnkfeml jfebme emcm nevlne%

8

Lmtox me T x mk z kvc Amx cmk obeo

Ven e~m, nevlne zn mk

mtmz

m

nmyvt

T i

l

x n v Fx

v

zvhv` yfhmbmn yvchfx  bvlm,

zfzmtn tfx lv txoyfy tfcfim`me lfhn` lme gvz olf` fewnc n evlnemyf% Yna mz nevlne nen ymebmz hfxbvem vezvk mtlnkmyn txojvk hmbn tfejfx nzm jnmhfzfy cflnzvy cmvtve ~meb yfjmeb hfxjnfz xfejm` kmlox n% Vchn hfebkvmeb yfx neb jnkoeyvcyn kmxfem jnmebbmt cfchfx n fa fk yfbmx % Fa fk nen cveivl kmxfem kmejvebme mnx  tmjm vchn ~m eb ivkvt znebbn, ~mnzv yfknzmx  01 `nebbm >4 tfxyfe% Kmjmx  mnx  ~meb znebbn jmtmz cfebbmeznkme imnxme zvhv`, yf`nebbm knzm cfxmym yfbmx % fevxvz lnzfxmzvx , yna mz kncnmrn jme fa fk a mxcmkolobny vchn hfebkvmeb mjmlm` cmeny, jnebne, yf gvk, jme hfxk`mynmz cfejneb nekme% Kmejvebme kncnme~m mjmlm`  tmi`~x` n  e, xozfeoe, nzmcne H=, jme nzmcne I%

Yflmne nzv, hfebkvmeb gvbm cfebmejveb cnefxml znebbn%

nefxml ~meb

zfxkmejveb jmlmc hfebkvmeb ~meb tmlneb jocneme mjmlm` a oya ox , wmz hfyn, yfx zm kmlynvc% Yfimxm lfebkmt, koctoynyn wmz bnwn ~meb zfxkmejveb jmlmc =44 bxmc hfebkvmeb jmtmz jnln`mz tmjm octoynyn wmz bnwn vchn

zmhfl%

hfebkvmeb

Wmz bnwn

Kmjmx tfx =44 bxmc

Fefxbn kkml

66

Txozfne b.

=,:

fcmk b.

4,8

Kmxho`njxmz b.

=8,0

Kmlynvc cb.

=6

oya ox  cb.

=0

Hfyn cb.

4,1

Qnzmcne I cb.

84

Qnzmcne H= cb.

4,4:

Qnzmcne M NV.

4,

 Mnx  b.

06,=

9

Lmtoxme Txmkznkvc Amxcmkobeoyn

Y vchfx7

Tmi`~x`nwvy Fxoyvy

Jnxfkzoxmz Bnwn Jftkfy (=>>8.

Jmxn zmhfl zfxyfhvz zmctmk hm`rm kmejvebme vzmcm hfebkvmeb mjmlm` mnx, ~mnzv

bxmc tfx

bxmc vchn% Kmjmx fefxbne~m ~meb ivkvt xfejm` (

kkml/

b. cfcvebknekme hfebkvmeb vezvk jnkoeyvcyn yfhmbmn hm`me tmebme ~meb hmnk hmbn tflmkymem jnfz xfejm` kmloxn jme tfejfxnzm jnmhfzfy cflnzvy% Kmejvebme qnzmcne

~meb ivkvt znebbn (

cb/

b., cfcvebknekme

hfebkvmeb jnbvemkme yfhmbmn yvchfx meznokynjme ~meb tozfeynml vezvk cfemebkml yfxmebme xmjnkml hfhmy tfe~fhmh kmekfx jme tfe~mknz jfbfefxmzna% Hflmkmebme jnkfzm`vn nyoalmqoe znjmk `me~m zfxjmtmz tmjm kfjflmn, zfzmtn gvbm tmjm hm`me tmebme lmnee~m, yftfxzn vchn hfebkvmeb% Kfhfxmjmme nyo almqoe tmjm vchn hfebkvmeb cfemchm` tmcox hfebkvmeb yfhmbmn zmemcme ~meb hfxk`mynmz vezvk kfyf`mzme% Nyoalmqoe jmtmz hfxtfxme yfhmbmn meznokynjme, yf`nebbm hfxbvem vezvk cfeifbm`7 ( . kfxvymkme okynjmzna cfchxme yfl ( . mzfxoyklfxoyny mknhmz zfxokynjmyne~m LJL (kolfyzfxol gm`mz. (9. tfe~mknz gmezveb koxoefx  ( . tfe~mknz kmxjnoqmykvzmx  ( . kfxvymkme okynjmzna JEM% Yflmne nzv, jm~m meznokynjme nyoalmqoe gvbm hfxbvem vezvk cfchfxn fafk mezntxolnafxmzna jme cfeb`mchmz tfxzvchv`me yfl cflmeocm (ymlm` ymzv tfcniv kmekfx.%

:

Lmtoxme Txmkznkvc Amxcmkobeoyn

Tmi`~x`nwvy Fxoyvy

NNN% K@MYNMZ JME KFBVEMME Kfbvemme hfebkvmeb mezmxm lmne vezvk cfebmzmyn tfe~mknz kvlnz, jnmhfzfy, jfcmc, fkync, ymxnmrme, jme rmynx% Ynamz

kncnmrn

jme

fafk

amxcmkolobny

zmemcme hfebkvmeb mjmlm` cmeny, jnebne, yfgvk, jme

hfxk`mynmz

cfejnebnekme%

Kmejvebme

kncnme~m mjmlm` tmi`~x`nwoe, xozfeoe, qnzmcne H , jme qnzmcne

% Hmbnme ~meb jnbvemkme

yfhmbmn ohmz mjmlm` mkmx mzmv vchn, hngn, jme zmebkmn% Hfebkvmeb hnym jnbvemkme vezvk tfcmkmnme ohmz lvmx jme jmlmc% Vezvk tfcmkmnme lvmx, hfebkvmeb yfivkvte~m jn`mlvykme lmlv jnzfctflkme tmjm hmbnme zvhv` ~meb ymknz% Tmjm tfcmkmnme jmlmc, hfebkvmeb jnkvtmy kvlnze~m lmlv jnhvmz cmymkme yfyvmn yflfxm lmlv jncmkme% Cfebmzmyn tfe~mknz kvlnz, hngn hfebkvmeb, jme hflfxmeb (cmyneb #cmyneb yfivkvte~m. jn`mlvykme lmlv jnzfctflkme tmjm hmbnme zvhv` ~meb ymknz% Gnkm cfebnjmt jnmhfzfy, ymzv mzmv jvm hfebkvmeb jntmxvz lmlv jnymxneb jme jncnevc yfznmt tmbn jme cmlmc `mxn% Yfhmbmn ohmz jfcmc, vchn hfebkvmeb jnkvtmy kvlnze~m lmlv jnhvmz cmenyme jme jncmkme% Cfebmzmyn fkync, vchn hfebkvmeb jnkvtmy kvlnze~m jme jncmkme yfimxm lmebyveb% Lmkvkme yfimxm xvzne fctmz kmln yfcnebbv% Gnkm zfxkfem ymxnmrme, vchn hfebkvmeb jnkvtmy lmlv zmchm`kme mnx jme cmjv yfivkvte~m lmlv jngvy jme jncnevc% Cfebmzmyn rmynx, ymzv hvm` hfebkvmeb jngvy lmlv jncnevc znmt hmebve znjvx tmbn% ioezo` tfcmkmnme 7 Vchn hfebkvmeb hfxk`mynmz yfhmbmn ohmz hfxn#hfxn jme tfeb`mlvy kvlnz% Jmvee~m hfxk`mynmz yfhmbmn ohmz jfcmc, yfjmeb hngne~m hfxk`mynmz yfhmbmn ohmz ymknz kvlnz% Vezvk ohmz hfxn#hfxn jntmkmn 9 jnkvtmy jme jnivin kfcvjnme jncmkme yf`mxn jvm kmln%

6

bxmc vchn hfebkvmeb,

Lmtox me T x mk z kvc Amx cmk obeo

NQ%

T i

x n v Fx

v

FOXN febkvmeb

mzmv

hfebkomeb

T 

n 

. jnkfeml jmx n vchn

ioxcvy. tvzn`e~m ~meb hnym jncmkme yfhmbmn koctoefe xv gmk jme myneme mzmv

jngmjnkme cmykfx  vezvk cfe~fbmxkme rm gm` jme cfcvzn`kme kvlnz% vchv`me ~meb hfxmyml jmx n Mcfx nkm zxotny nen zfxcmyvk jmlmc yvkv toloeb#toloebme mzmv mhmifmf%

n zfctmz mymle~m, zvchv`me nen jnkfeml yfhmbmn  p n imcm mzmv  gãimcm%

xmeb mrm cfe~fhvze~m yfhmbmn hfyvyv /hyvyv/.% Hfebkvmeb cfxvtmkme lnmem zm`veme ~meb jmtmz cfeimtmn tme gmeb : #6c, yfjmebkme mkmxe~m jmtmz cfeimtmn 8c% Hmzmebe~m cfe gmlmx jme cfchflnz, jfebme xmchvz#xmchvz `mlvy ~meb cfebmxm` kf hmrm`% mve cm gfcvk cfe~nx nt hfxmemk jmve

; hfx zmebkmn 0,6 #=1 ic; memk jmve

hvejmx  zflvx  cflfhmx , jfebme v gveb xveineb jme hfxbnbn hfymx , hfxmchvz jn kfjvm hflm` ynyne~m; memk jmve v gveb tmlneb hfymx , hfezvk hflm` kfzvtmz, 2 #8= Ò 1#84 ic%[=S Hvebm hfxkvctvl jmlmc zmejme jn v gveb mzmv jn kfznmk jmve, yfejnx n mzmv hfxkfloctok 8#: zmejme, tme gmeb `nebbm 14ic, hfxmchvz ioklmz%

mhveb kflotmk

hfezvk loeifeb, kfioklmzme, tme gmeb yfknzmx  4,6 ic, hfx zm gv `nebbm 4,6 ic%

m`kozm

tvzn` vebv kfhnxv#hnxvme, bvejvl, tme gmeb lk% 8 ic% mebkmn ymx n tntn`, jfebme v gveb yfjnknz cfebbvlveb; kftmlm tvznk hfezvk holm, jn hmrm` v gveb zmebkmn tvznk, zmebkmn tvznk jn hmrm` kftmlm tvznk hfx   gmebbvz% Hvm` toloeb hfezvk bmx ny, tntn`, tme gmeb 0 # = ic, hfxmchvz, hfxhngn : #> hvznx % [=S vchv`me nen cfchfezvk vchn mkmx  ioxcvy. hfxhfezvk hvlmz mzmv cfchvlmz yftfx zn bmyneb jfebme hfxmz jmtmz cfeimtmn 6 kb% Kvlnz vchne~m zntny hfxrmxem kveneb tvimz jme hmbnme jmlmce~m hfxrmxem tvzn` jfebme imnxme yfbmx  mbmk cmeny% Vchne~m cfebmejveb bvlm jme tmzn yfx zm a oya ox  jme kmlynvc% Vchn nen gvbm cfcnlnkn fa fk tfejnebne kmxfem cfebmejveb kmjmx  mnx  01 #>4&%

mym cmeny hfxmyml jmx n

yvmzv olnboymkmx njm ~meb jnyfhvz nevlne hvkme neyvlne-., ~meb znjmk hnym jnifxem zvhv` cmevynm% Yna mz nen hfxbvem hmbn tfejfx nzm jnmhfzfy mzmv oxmeb ~meb hfxjnfz xfejm` kmlox n%

1

Lmtoxme Txmkznkvc Amxcmkobeoyn

Tmi`~x`nwvy Fxoyvy

Inxn#inxn

7 Yfcmk, yfcvync, cfchflnz Hmzmeb Hvlmz, hfxmchvz, `ngmv

~

@ mhnzvy

~

Jmv 7 Zvebbml, hvlmz zflvx, zftn xmzm, vgveb xveineb, tmebkml zvctvl, tfxzvlmebme cfe~nxnt, tfxcvkmme hfxhvlv,tmegm eb

#

ic, lfhmx

#

ic,

`ngmv ~

Hv

bm7 Cmgfcvk, hfezvk zmejme, jvjvk jn kfznmk jmve, zfxjnxn jmxn jvm ymctmn

fctmz, zmebkmn tmegmeb, kflotmk hfxhvlv, hfezvk loeifeb, `ngmv, kftmlm tvznk hfxhvlv, cm`kozm bvejvl, hfxeojm `ngmv, vebv kfhnxvme ~

Hvm`7

~

 g n 7 Hn 

~

Toloeb, hfezvk lmeyfz, tntn`% `ngmv

Kfxmy, hfezvk bnegml% kveneb kozox 

 Mkmx 7

Zvebbmeb, hfxvchn

Vchn hfebkvmeb hnmym jngvml oxmeb vezvk jngmjnkme hm`me xvgmk, myneme, cmenyme

[ S

, mzmv jnimctvxkme jmlmc cmymkme zxmjnynoeml yftfxzn zfkrme% Vchn

hfebkvmeb yfhmnke~m jnynctme tmjm zfctmz kfxneb hfxyv`v

´

`nebbm

´ %

Yv`v lfhn` xfejm` cfebmknhmzkme kfxvymkme% Tfe~nctmeme ~meb hmnk jmtmz cfchvmz vchn hfxzm`me `nebbm

hvlme%

T  MZN  HFE BKV   ME B

Tmzn

/

Mcnlvc

^meb

zfxjmtmz jmlmc mlmc znjmk lmxvz jmlmc

mnx

jme

cfchfxnkme

rmxem hnxv jfebme nojnvc% @mynl `njxolnyny blvkoym%

tmzn/mcnlvc @njxolnyny

mjmlm`

tmzn

mkme

zfxgmjn tmjm tfcmemyme jfebme mymc feifx jncmem hfxzvxvz# zvxvz

2

mkme

jnhfezvk

Lmtoxme Txmkznkvc Amxcmkobeoyn

Tmi`~x`nwvy Fxoyvy

mcnlojfkyzfxne ~meb cfchfxn rmxem hnxv jfebme nojnvc, fxnzxojfkyzxne ~meb cfchfxn

rmxem

cfxm`

jfebme

nojnvc

yfxzm

hfxzvxvz #zvxvz

mkme

jnhfezvk

mkxoojfkyzxne, cmlzoym, jme blvkoym ~meb znjm cfchfxn rmxem jfebme nojnvc% TMZN mjmlm` kmxho`njxmz koctlfky ~meb znjmk lmxvz jmlmc mnx, hfxrvgvj hvhvk tvzn`, zmrmx jme znjmk hfxhmv% Tmzn cfxvtmkme hm`me vzmcm ~meb jn`mynlkme olf` zvchv`me vezvk cfe~nctme kflfhn`me blvkoym (yfhmbmn txojvk aozoynezfyny. jmlmc   gmebkm tmegmeb% @frme jme cmevynm gvbm cfegmjnkme tmzn yfhmbmn yvchfx fefxbn ~meb tfezneb%

Tmzn zfxyvyve jmxn jvm cmimc kmxho`njxmz, mcnloym jme mcnlotfkzne, jmlmc koctoynyn ~meb hfxhfjm#hfjm% Mcnloym cfchfxnkme ynamz kfxmy ( tfxm. yfjmebkme mcnlotfkzne cfe~fhmhkme ynamz lfebkfz% Mcnloym cfchfxnkme rmxem vebv tfkmz tmjm zfy nojne yfjmebkme mcnlotfkzne znjmk hfxfmkyn% Tfegflmyme vezvk bfgmlm nen hflvc tfxem` hnym zvezmy jngflmykme% Jmlmc hm`mym yf`mxn#`mxn (hm`kme kmjmeb#kmjmeb jn k`mwmem` nlcnm`., nyznlm` tmzn kfxmt jnimctvxmjvkkme jfebme zftveb yfxzm kmegn% Tmzn (hm`mym Nebbxny yzmxi`. mjmlm` tfe~vyve (vzmcm. zftveb% Zftveb hnym gmjn znjmk cvxen `me~m cfebmejveb tmzn, kmxfem zfx#/jnimctvx jfebme txozfne, tfebmrfz, jme yfhmbmne~m% Zftveb hfxmy cfebmejveb tmzn hfxmy, txozfne, qnzmcne, jme lmne #lmne hm`me ~meb zfxkmejveb tmjm hvznx hfxmy% Oxmeb hnym gvbm cfejmtmzkme zftveb ~meb cfxvtmkme imctvxme jvm mzmv lfhn` tmzn% Kmzm "zftveb lfhn` hfxkmnzme jfebme kocojnzmy fkoeocny% Kfxmeivme tfe~fhvzme  tmzn  jfebme km g n  zmctmke~m zfxgmjn kmxfem tfefxgfcm`me% Kmzm "zo yzmxi`" jmxn hm`mym Nebbxny cfcm eb hfxmxzn "cfebmegn" ("cfchfxn kmegn". jmlmc hm`mym Cflm~v/Nejoefynm, kmxfem ~meb jnbvemkme cfcmeb zftveb kmegn%

0

Lmtox me T x mk z kvc Amx cmk obeo

T i

x n v Fx

v

Tmzn jnbvemkme yfhmbmn hm`me ~meb jnbvemkme vezvk cfcfkmzkme cmkmeme imnx  yftfx zn yvt jme yfhmbmne~m%

mlmc nejvyzx n, tmzn jntmkmn yfhmbmn koctoefe

tfxfkmz, imctvxme kfx zmy jme zfkyznl, jme tmjm nejvyzx n koycfznkm% Hnmyme~m kme gn jngvml jmlmc hfezvk zftveb yfxhvk hfxrmxem tvzn` ~meb jnhvmz jmx n vhn km~v yfhflvc jnimctvxkme jfebme mnx `mebmz vezvk jnbvemkme% Kme  gn vbm g jnbvemkme yfhmbmn tfebfxmy tmkmnme jfebme cfe~fchvxkme lmxvzme kme gn imnx  kf mzmy tmkmnme yfhflvc jnyfzx nkm% Kme  gn gvbm jnbvemkme yfhmbmn hm`me tfxfkmz mzmv lfc% Yflmne nzv, yfxhvk kme gn gvbm jnbvemkme yfhmbmn tfe~fxmt kflfchmtme, yfhmbmn ioezo`, yfxhvk kme gn jnymtvkme tmjm hmbnme kflmebkmeb hm~n vezvk cfebvxmebn bmzml#bmzml% Kme  gn fhn` l fa fkzna  jnhmejnebkme hfjmk hm~n kmxfem kme gn cfe~fxmt kflfchmtme jme cfe gmbm mbmx  tflmtny yfemeznmym kfx neb%

>

Lmtoxme Txmkznkvc Amxcmkobeoyn

=4

Tmi`~x`nwvy Fxoyvy

Lmtox me T x mk z kvc Amx cmk obeo

T i

XT Y

=% `zzt7//yrffznx =y%cvlzntl~%ioc/govxeml/nzfc/6/kmxho`njxmz 8% `zzt7//nj%rnkntfjnm%oxb/rnkn/hfebkvmeb % `zzt7//nj%rnkntfjnm%oxb/rnkn/mcnlvc :% `zzt7//fe%rnkntfjnm%oxb/rnkn/mc~loyf 6% `zzt7//tlmezmcox %ioc/nejfp%t`t?tlmez3>8> 1% `zzt7//zmemcmeohmz%oxb/=16/hfebkvmeb/ 2% `zzt7//cmyfei`ntw%ioc/cmea mmz#hfebkvmeb

==

x n v Fx

v