Laporan CBD

July 21, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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LAPORAN CbD PRAKTIK KLINIK LAPANGAN II ASUHAN KEBIDANAN IBU NIFAS NORMAL PADA NY I di BPM NY SITI FATONAH KEDUNGBOTO KENDAL

Disusun Oleh

ETANA LUTHFIANA

4993311891

KUMMAIROH LIA NURUL KAMALIA

4993311898 4993311900

PROGAM STUDI DIPLOMA III KEBIDANAN FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM SULTAN SULTAN AGUNG SEMARANG SEMARAN G !"#

1

 

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

Laporan CbD Praktk k!nk Lapan"an II n t#!a$ %#!a!& pro'#' kon'&!ta' (an t#!a$ ('#t&)& o!#$ p#%b%bn" !a$an (an p#%b%bn" aka(#%k pa(a * Har

*

Tan""a! *

P#%b%bn" La$an

P#%b%bn" Aka(#%k 

+t Fatona$, +-+T, +-+T, K#b

E% +&tr'%na$, +-+T,M-K#b +-+T,M-K#b

 NIP-

NIDN-

M#n"#ta$&, Ka-Pro( D.III K#b(anan

 No/#r A'aro$, A'aro$, +-+T, +-+T, M-K#'   NIDN * 011118001 011118001

2

 

KATA PENGANTAR  P&) '&k&r p#n&!' &2apka% ata' K#$a(rat A!!a +T kar#na ata' ra$%at (an $(aa$.Na, '#$n""a p#n&!' (apat %#n#!#'akan p#%b&atan Laporan CbD Praktk K!nk II- Laporan n (b&at &nt&k %#%#n&$ t&"a' Praktk Lapan"an pa(a '#%#'t#r III (#n"an t&)&an &nt&k %#na%ba$ k#t#ra%p!an (an p#n"#ta$&an Praktk Pra ktk Lapan"anLaporan Praktk K!nk n b&kan!a$ '#%ata %ata )#r$ paa$ p#n&!' '#n(r, na%&n  banak p$ak an" t&r&t %#%bant& %#%bant& (a!a% %#n"ata' k#'&!tan an" ($a(ap p#n&!' '#)ak %&!a praktk 'a%pa b#rak$rna p#%b&atan !aporan n- D#n"an p#n&$ $or%at, p#n&!' %#n"&2apkan t#r%a ka'$ k#pa(a '#%&a p$ak an" t#!a$ %#%bant& (a!a% %#n#!#'akan !aporan n, t#r&ta%a k#pa(a * 1- A!!a$ +T +T,,  an" an" t#!a$ t#!a$ %#%b#rkan %#%b#rkan k#'#$atan k#'#$atan (an k#%&(a$a k#%&(a$a k#pa(a k#pa(a p#n&!' p#n&!' - Ib& No/#r No/#r A'aro A'aro$, $, +-+T, +-+T, M-K#', M-K#', K#pa!a K#pa!a Pro( D.III D.III K#b(anan K#b(anan UNI++ULA UNI++ULA 3- Ib& E% E% +&tr'%na$, +&tr'%na$, +-+T +-+T,, M-K#b, M-K#b, P#%b% P#%b%bn" bn" Aka(#%k  Aka(#%k  4- Ib& +t +t Fatona Fatona$, $, +-+T +-+T K#b, K#b, P#%b P#%b%b %bn" n" La$an La$an M#'kp&n p#n&'&nan !aporan praktk k!nk t#!a$ '#!#'a, na%&n p#n&'&nanna )a&$ (ar '#%p&rna- O!#$ kar#na t&, 'aran (an krtk an" b#r'5at %#%ban"&n 'an"at ($arapkanHarapan p#n&!' '#%o"a !aporan praktk n (apat b#r%an5aat+#%aran"-  6an&ar 01 P#n&!'

3

 

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN 6UDUL777777777777777777777777777777--------1 HALAMAN PENE+AHAN--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- KATA PENANTAR----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 DAFTAR I+I-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 A I PENDAHULUAN--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A-Latar #!akan"----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -R&%&'an Ma'a!a$------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 C-T&)&an------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 D-Man5aat P#n&!'an-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 A II II  TIN6AUAN TEORI----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 I-KON+EP DA+AR NIFA+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 A-P#n"#rtan----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 -Ta$apan Ma'a N5a'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 C-P#r&ba$an F'o!o"' Ma'a N5a'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 D-A(apta' P'ko!o"' Ma'a N5a'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19 E-P#r&ba$an P#r!ak& (an R#'pon P'ko!o"' Ib& T#r$a(ap a--------------------------------------------------------0 F-R#'pon Oran" T&a T#r$a(ap a ar& La$r----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 -T&)&an A'&$an Ma'a N5a'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 H-P#ran Dan Tan""&n" 6a:ab (an Da!a% A'&$an Ma'a N5a'-------------------------------------------------------4 I-K#b)akan Pro"ra% Na'ona! Ma'a N5a'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 6-K#b&t&$an Da'ar Ib& N5a'---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------; K-Tan(a.Tan(a a$aa Ma'a N5a'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 II-PUTTIN +U+U LECET----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------30 A-Faktor.5aktor p#n#bab p&tn" '&'& !#2#t----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------30 -P#nan"anan p&tn" '&'& !#2#t-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------30 C-Po'' %#n&'&-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------33 A III TIN6AUAN KA+U+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3; A-DATA +U6EKTIF--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3; -DATA O6EKTIF----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 C-A++E+MENT----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------43 D-PLANNIN-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------43 CATATAN IMPLEMENTA+I-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------44 4

 

A I+a5&((n, 009 * 1?- Da!a% %a'a n5a' t#r(apat pa!n" '#(kt 4 ka! k&n)&n"an, (!ak&kan &nt&k %#n!a 'tat&' b& %a&p&n ba bar& !a$r, &nt&k %#n2#"a$, %#n(#t#k', (an %#nan"an %a'a!a$.%a'a!a$ an" t#r)a( >+a5&((n, 00 * 1?Ma'a!a$.%a'a!a$ an" ba'ana t#r)a( (a!a% %a'a n5a' at& p#r(ara$an (ar uterus   (an vagina uterus vagina '#t#!a$  '#t#!a$ p#r'a!nan p#r vagina vagina,, p#r(ara$an p#r(ara$an uterus uterus   (an vagina vagina   '#t#!a$  p#r'a!nan operatif , %a'a!a$ !&ka )a$tan perineum )a$tan  perineum (an  (an seksio  seksio sesarea, sesarea, hipertensi hipertensi,, 'akt k#pa!a, n#r p&n""&n", %a'a!a$ p#rk#%$an (an %a'a!a$ pa&(ara >Fra'#r, 009 * =?Ma'a!a$ pa&(ara t#r)a( '#ktar $ar k#t"a pasca k#t"a  pasca partum bak partum  bak pa(a b& %#n&'& ata& t(ak %#n&'&, (an b#rak$r '#ktar 4 $n""a 48 )a%- #b#rapa :anta, n#r t#kan pa&(ara %#n)a( n#r $#bat, t#r&ta%a )ka p&tn" pa&(ara !#b$ k#ra', ba akan %#n"a!a% k#'&!tan (a!a% %#n&'& >MD'?  Millenium Development Goals t#r&ta%a t&)&an no%or !%a at& %#n"&ran" an"ka k#%atan b& antara ta$&n 1991 %#n)a( 8 p#r 100-000 k#!a$ran $(&p pa(a ta$&n 00=- Tar"#t p#n2apaan MD' 6

 

 pa(a ta$&n 01; a(a!a$ '#b#'ar 10 p#r 100-000 k#!a$ran $(&p &ta%ana b& $a%!,  b#r'a!n (an n5a' ($arapkan a(ana p#!aanan &nt&k %#n"#%ban"kan pro"ra%  p#nn"katan k#'#$atan r#pro(&k' t#r&ta%a p#!aanan an" opt%a! pa(a b& $a%!,  b#r'a!n (an n5a' an" %#n"a2& pa(a  safe motherhood   (an p#r'a!n p#r'a!nan an an" an" a%an a%an >HO* 010?P#n#bab k#%atan b& an" pa!n" &%&% ( In(on#'a a(a!a$ p#n#bab ob't#tr !an"'&n" at& p#r(ara$an 30,3@, pr##k!a%p'#k!a%p' =,1@, n5#k' =,3@, (an !anB  !an 40,8@ 40,8@ >HO, 013?, '#(an"kan '#(an"kan tar"#t tar"#t R#n2ana R#n2ana P#%ban"&n P#%ban"&nan an 6an"ka 6an"ka M#n#n"a$ M#n#n"a$  Na'ona! >RP6MN? K#%#ntran K#'#$atan ta$&n 014, AKI '#banak 118 118  100-000 KH, (an AK AK '#bana '#banak k 41-0 41-000 00 KH >K#%#nk >K#%#nk#' #' RI, 0 011 11?-#r ?-#r(a' (a'ark arkan an !aporan !aporan Dna' Dna' K#'#$atan K#'#$at an Pro/n' Pro/n' 6a:a T#n"a$ T#n"a$ ta$&n 014 ((apat $a'! p#r$t&n"an p#r$t&n"an AKI '#b#'ar  =11100-000 k#!a$ran $(&p- K#)a(an k#%atan b& pa!n" banak :akt& %a'a n5a' '#b#'ar ;=,39@, :akt& $a%! =,30@, (an :akt& p#r'a!nan 1=,33@K#%a K# %ata tan n b b& & ba'a ba'an naa t#r)a( t#r)a( ka kar#n r#naa t(a t(ak k %#%p %#%p&n &na a ak ak'#' '#' k# p# p#!a !aan anan an k#'#$atan b& an" b#rk&a!ta', t#r&ta%a p#!aanan k#"a:at(ar&ratan t#pat :akt& an" (!atar (!a tarb#!a b#!akan kan" " o!#$ o!#$ t#r!a%b t#r!a%bat at %#n"#n %#n"#na! a! tan(a tan(a ba$aa ba$aa (an %#n"a% %#n"a%b! b! k#p&t& k#p&t&'an 'an,, t#r!a%b t#r! a%bat at %#n2ap %#n2apa a 5a'!ta 5a'!ta'' k#'#$a k#'#$atan tan,, '#rta '#rta t#r!a%b t#r!a%bat at %#n(ap %#n(apatk atkan an p#!aa p#!aanan nan ( 5a'!t 5a' !ta' a' k#'#$a k#'#$atan tan-- +#!an +#!an t& p#n#ba p#n#bab b k#%ata k#%atan n %at#rn %at#rna! a! )&"a )&"a t(ak t(ak t#r!#pa t#r!#pa'' (ar (ar kon(' b& t& '#n(r (an %#r&pakan 'a!a$ 'at& (ar krt#ra 4 t#r!a!&, at& t#r!a!& t&a  pa(a 'aat %#!a$rkan >3; ta$&n?, ta $&n?, t#r!a!& %&(a pa(a 'aat %#!a$rkan >0 ta$&n?, t#r!a!&  banak

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>Dnk#' Pro/n' 6at#n", 014?L#2#t L# 2#t pa pa(a (a p& p&t tn" n" '&'& '&'& %#r& %#r&pa paka kan n ko kon( n(' ' t(ak t(ak no nor% r%a! a! (a (a!a% !a% %#n %#n&' &'& &,,  p#n#bab !#2#t an" pa!n" &%&% a(a!a$ pa(a po'' (an p#r!#katan an" t(ak b#nar   pa(a pa&(ara, %aka po'' an" na%an &nt&k %#n&'& 'an"at!a$ p#ntn"- Pa(a po'' %#n %# n&' &'& &,, b& b& $ar& $ar&'' a( a(#k #k&a &att ( ata' ata' k&r' k&r' at ata& a& t# t#% %pa patt t(& t(&rr- Po' Po'' ' madonna madonna,, %#n""#n(on".%#n!an", (an football  (an football  '#rn"  '#rn" ka! b#r%an5aat ba" b& bar&- Akan t#tap, t(ak p#r!& %#n#'&akan po'' )ka b& (an ba na%an, (an )ka tran'5#r ar '&'& a(#k&at >+&ra(, 011 * ;1?P#ran b(an %#n&r&t Ko%p#t#n' (an ( In(on#'a '#'&a (#n"an ko%p#t#n' k#. ; at& b(an %#%b#rkan a'&$an pa(a b& n5a' nor%a! (an %#n&'& an" b#r%&t& tn"" tn "" (an tan""a tan""ap p t#r$a( t#r$a(ap ap b&(aa b&(aa '#t#%pa '#t#%patt- P#n"#t P#n"#ta$& a$&an an (a'arn (a'arna a b#r' b#r' t#ntan" t#ntan"  pro'#' laktasi laktasi   ata& ata& %#n&'& %#n&'& (an t#knk t#knk %#n&'& %#n&'& '#rta '#rta p#n%p p#n%pan" an"an an an" an" !aG% !aG% t#r)a( t#r%a'&k p#%b#n"kakan pa&(ara, abses abses,, mastitis mastitis,, p&tn" '&'& !#2#t, p&tn" '&'& %a'&k- K#tra%p!an (a'ar b#r' p#%b#ran A+I #k'k!&'5, %#!ak'anakan p#n((kan k#'#$atan pa(a b& %#!p&t p#ra:atan (r '#n(r, 'tra$at, n&tr' (an a'&pan ba bar& !a$r >+o5an, 003, * 1;8?K&n)&n"an b& n5a' nor%a! ( PM N- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!  pa(a b&!an 6an&ar 6 an&ar B D#'#%b#r D#' #%b#r 01; t#r(apat '#banak ; b& n5a'n5a' - #r(a'arkan (ata t#r'#b&t ( t#%&kan b& n5a' nor%a! (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t '#banak ;0 oran" >;0@?, b& n5a' (#n"an (#n"an b#n(&n"an b#n(&n"an A+I A+I '#banak '#banak b& 10 >10@?, '#(an"kan '#(an"kan b& n5a' (#n"an %a'a!a$ %a'a! a$ mastitis mastitis,, abses abses   pa&(a pa&(ara, ra, p#r(ara$ p#r(ara$an, an,  pre eklamsi, eklamsi, (an n5#k' pa(a 'a!&ran k#%$ t(ak (t#%&kan >;@?- +#$n""a (apat ( '%p&!kan ba$:a b& n5a' nor%a! (#n"an (#n "an p&tn" p&tn" '&'& '&'& !#2#t !#2#t %#r&pa %#r&pakan kan %a'a!a$ %a'a!a$ an" '#rn" '#rn" t#r)a( t#r)a( ( PM N- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!B$ Ru*u Ru*us% s%n n M%s M%s%l %l%h %h #r(a'arkan &raan !atar b#!akan" ( ata', %aka p#r&%&'an %a'a!a$ (a!a% 't&(

ka'&'' n a(a!a$ ka'& a(a!a$ a"a% a"a%ana ana A'&$an A'&$an K#b(a K#b(anan nan pa(a pa(a Ib& N5a' Nor%a! Nor%a! pa(a pa(a NN- I (#n"an P&tn" +&'& L#2#t ( PM NN- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a! C$ Tu+u%n +u%n "$ T&)&an U%&%

+#t#!a$ p#n&!' %#!ak'anakan 't&( ka'&' n, p#n&!' (apat %#%b#rkan A'&$an k#b(a k#b (anan nan Ib& N5a' N5a' Nor%a! Nor%a! pa(a pa(a NN- I (#n"an (#n"an P&tn" P&tn" +&'& +&'& L#2#t L#2#t '#2ara '#2ara t#pat t#pat (#n"an %#n#rapkan %ana)#%#n k#b(anan /arn# (an %#n(ok&%#nta'kan (#n"an +OAP '#2ara ko%pr#$#n'5 (an b#rk#'na%b&n"an-

T&)&an K$ K$&'&' %$ P#n&!' %a%p& %#!ak&kan p#n"ka)an (ata b& n5a' nor%a!

pa(a N- I

(#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t ( PM N- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!-

8

 

b$ P#n& P#n&! !'' %a%p %a%p& & %#n" %#n"n nt#r t#rpr pr#ta #ta' ' (a (an n %#r&% %#r&%&' &'ka kan n ( (a" a"no no'a 'a k# k#b b(a (ana nan, n,

%a'a!a$ (an k#b&t&$an b& n5a' nor%a! pa(a N- I (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t ( PM N- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!,$ P#n&! P#n&!' ' %a%p& %a%p& %#n#"akkan %#n#"akkan (a"no'a (a"no'a pot#n'a! pot#n'a! b& n5a' nor%a! pa(a NN- I

(#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t ( PM N- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!d$ P#n&!' P#n&!' %a%p& %#!ak&kan %#!ak&kan ant'pa' (an tn(akan tn(akan '#"#ra b& n5a' nor%a! nor%a!  pa(a N- I (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t ( PM N- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto

Kab- K#n(a!e$ P#n&!' %a%p& %#n&'&n r#n2ana a'&$an b& n5a' nor%a! pa(a N- I (#n"an

 p&tn" '&'& !#2#t ( PM NN- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!-$

P#n&!' %a%p& %#!ak&kan a'&$an b& n5a' nor%a! pa(a N- I (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t ( PM N- +t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!-

)$ P#n P#n&! &!'' %a%p& %a%p& %#!ak& %#!ak&kan kan #/a!&a' #/a!&a' $a'! $a'! %a&p&n %a&p&n #/a!&a' #/a!&a' pro'#' pro'#' a'&$an a'&$an

k#b(anan k#b(a nan b& n5a' nor%a! nor%a! pa(a N- I (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t ( PM NN+t Fatona$ K#(&n"boto Kab- K#n(a!D$ M%n-%% M%n-%%&& Penul Penulis% is%n n 1- T#ort' Kar Ka raa T&!' &!' I!%a I!%a$ $ a an" n" (b& (b&at at (a (apa patt ( ()a( )a(k kan an ba ba$a $an n %a'& %a'&ka kan n &n &nt& t&k  k 

%#na%ba$ t#or ata& !%& p#n"#ta$&an ( b(an" k#'#$atan a'&$an k#b(anan b& n5a' k$&'&'na p&tn" '&'& !#2#t- Prakt' a- a" a" P#n&!' Dapat Dap at %#na%b %#na%ba$ a$ p#n"#ta p#n"#ta$&a $&an n t#ntan t#ntan" " a'&$an a'&$an k#b(a k#b(anan nan pa(a pa(a b& n5a' n5a' nor%a!! pa(a N- I (#n"an nor%a (#n"an p&tn" p&tn" '&'& !#2#t (an %a%p& %#n(ok&%#nta'k %#n(ok&%#nta'kan an '#'&a '#' &a (# (#n" n"an an t#or t#or (a (an n pr prak akt tk k a an" n" p# p#n& n&!' !' p# p#ro ro!#$ !#$ '#!a% '#!a%aa %#n" %#n"k k&t &t  p#n((kan ( p#rk&!a$an b- a" In'tt&' Dapat ("&nakan '#ba"a #/a!&a' '#)a&$ %ana %a$a'':a (apat %#n#rapkan %#n#rapkan a'&$an k#b(anan pa(a b& n5a' nor%a! pa(a N- I (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t2- a" (an Dapat %#nn"katkan %#nn"katkan k&a!ta' a'&$an t#r$a(ap b& n5a' nor%a! nor%a! pa(a N- I (#n"an (#n" an p&tn" p&tn" '&'& !#2#t (an Ko%&nka' Ko%&nka' In5or%a' E(&ka' >KIE? an" '#'&a (#n"an a'&$an k#b(anan-

9

 

(- a" a" Pa'#n Dapat %#na%ba$ p#n"#ta$&an pa'#n t#ntan" p&tn" '&'& !#2#t '#$n""a %#r#ka %a%p& %#!ak&kan p#n2#"a$an (an p#nata!ak'anaan apab!a t#r)a( p&tn" '&'& !#2#t-

10

 

BAB II TIN.AUAN TEORI

I$

KONSEP DASAR NI NIFAS A$ Pen) Pen)e' e'&i &i%n %n Ma'a n5a' ata& %a'a p&#rp#r&% a(a!a$ %a'a '#t#!a$ part&' '#!#'a (an b#rak$r 

kra kra B kra kra  %n" %n""& "& >Kap >Kapt taa '# '#!# !#kt ktaa k#(o k#(okt kt#r #ran an )! )!( ( 1 * 33 33? ?-- Ma'a Ma'a n n5a 5a'' >p&#rp#r&%? >p&#rp #r&%? a(a!a$ %a'a p&!$ k#%ba!, k#%ba!, %&!a (ar p#r'a!nan '#!#'a 'a%pa a!at B  a!at r#pro(&k' k#%ba! '#p#rt pra $a%! > +nop'' Ob't#tr 6!( 1 * 11;?- Ma'a n5a' >p&#rp#r&%? at& ( %&!ana '#t#!a$ p!a'#nta !a$r (an b#rak$r k#tka a!at B  a!at r#pro(&k' k#%ba! '#p#rt k#a(aan '#b#!&% $a%!- Ma'a n5a' b#r!an"'&n" kra  B kra  %n""& >+P+ * 1?- Ma'a n5a' a(a!a$ %a'a (%&!a b#b#rapa )a% '#'&(a$

!a$rna

p!a'#nta

'a%pa



%n""&

'#t#!a$

%#!a$rkan-

>P&'(knak#', 003*3?B$ T%h%/%n h%/%n M%s% M%s% Ni-%s Ni-%s   A(ap&n ta$apan ta$apan %a'a n5a' >po't part&% p&#rp#r&%? 1- P&#rp#r&% (n at at& %a' a'aa k#p&!$an, ak akn n 'a 'aaat B 'aat b& '&( '&(a$

(p#rbo!#$kan b#r(r (an b#r)a!an B )a!an- P&#rp# P&#rp#r& r&% % nt#r% nt#r%#( #(a! a! at& at& %a'a k#p&!$a k#p&!$an n '#!&r& '#!&r&$ $ or"an B or"an or"an "#nta!a "#nta!a kra B kra antara  B 8 %n""&3- R#%ot p&#rp#r p&#rp#r&% &% at& at& :akt& an" an" (p#r!&ka (p#r!&kan n &nt&k p&!$ (an (an '#$at '#%p&rna '#%p&rna t#r&ta%a '#!a%a ata& p#r'a!nan Catatan, apab!a waktyu b& untuk sehat$a%! sempurna bias cepat%#%p&na bila kondisiko%p!ka' sehat, atau bias  juga berminggu – minggu, bulanan, bahkan tahunan, bila ada gangguan –   gangguan kesehatan lainnya lainnya >+ar:ono, 010 * 3;=? C$ Pe'ub%h% Pe'ub%h%n n Fisi0l0 Fisi0l0)is )is M%s% Ni-%s "$ Pe'ub% Pe'ub%h%n h%n Sis&e Sis&e* * Re/' Re/'0d 0du(s u(sii P#r&ba$an a!at B a!at "#nta!a bak nt#rna %a&p&n #k't#rna k#%ba! '#p#rt

'#%&!a '#p#rt '#b#!&% $a%! ('#b&t n/o!&'-

a- In/o In/o!& !&' ' Ut#r Ut#r

11

 

 

In/o!&' In/o!&' &t#r ata& p#n"#r&tan p#n"#r&tan &t#r&' %#r&pakan %#r&pakan '&at& pro'#' (%ana (%ana

&t#r&' &t# r&' k#%ba! k#%ba! k# kon(' kon(' '#b#!&% '#b#!&% $a%! b#rat b#rat '#kta '#ktarr 0 "ra%"ra%- Pro'#' Pro'#' n (%&!a '#"#ra '#t#!a$ p!a'#nta !a$r akbat kontrak' otot.otot po!o' &t#r&'>Ob't#tr !!a%-009 * 341? (- Lo2$#a Akbat Ak bat n/o!& n/o!&' ' &t#r, &t#r, !ap'a !ap'an n !&ar !&ar (#'(& (#'(&aa an" an" %#n"#! %#n"#!!n !n" " 't&' 't&'  p!a'#nta akan %#n)a( n#krotk- D#'(&a an" %at akan k#!&ar b#r'a%a 13

 

(# (#n" n"an an ' ''a 'a 2a 2ara rann- P#r2 P#r2a% a%p& p&ra ran n an anta tara ra (a (ara$ ra$ (a (an n (# (#' '(& (&aa n n! !a$ a$ a an" n" (na%akan !o2$#a- Lo2$#a a(a!a$ 2aran '#2r#t an" b#ra'a! (ar 2a/&% &t#r (an /a"na '#!a%a '#!a %a %a'a n5a'- >A%bar:at, 009J $- =8?- 6#n'.)#n' !oka b#r(a'arkan :arna (an :akt& k#!&arna * 1?  Lo2$#a r&bra Lo2$# Lo 2$#aa n n k# k#!& !&ar ar pa pa(a (a $a $ar r p# p#rta rta%a %a 'a%pa 'a%pa $a $ar r k# k#.3 .3 %a'a %a'a po po't 't  part&%- Caran an" k#!&ar b#r:arna %#ra$ kar#na t#r' (ara$ '#"ar,  )arn"an )arn"an ''a.''a p!a'#nta, (n(n" ra$%, !#%ak ba !an&"o !an&"o >ra%b&t >ra%b&t  ba?, (an %#kon&%? Lo2$ Lo2$#a #a 'an"& 'an"&#! #!#n #nta ta Lo2$#a n b#r:arna %#ra$ k#2ok!atan (an b#r!#n(r, '#rta b#r!an"'&n" (ar $ar k#.4 'a%pa $ar k#.= po't part&%3? Lo2$# o2$#aa '#ro '#ro'a 'a Lo2$#a n b#r:arna k#k&nn"an ata& k#2ok!atan kar#na %#n"an(&n" %#n"an(&n" !#b$ banak banak '#r&%, )&"a )&"a t#r(r (ar !#&ko't, !#&ko't, (an rob#kan rob#kan ata& !a'#ra'  p!a'#nta- K#!&ar pa(a $ar k#.8 'a%pa k#.144? Lo2$# o2$#aa a!b a!baa Lo2$#a n b#r:arna p&t$ kar#na %#n"an(&n" !#&ko't, '#! (#'(&a, '#! #pt#!, '#!ap&t !#n(r '#r/k', (an '#rab&t )arn"an an" %at- Lo2$#a a!ba n (apat b#r!an"'&n" pa(a $ar k# 1; 1; 'a%pa  %n""& po't po't part&%> %n""& k#.3? (an LH t#tap r#n(a$ $n""a o/&!a' t#r)a(2- Hpo Hpota ta!a% !a%k k Pt& Pt&ta tar r O/ar O/ar&% &% La%ana '#oran" :anta %#n(apatkan %#n'tr&a' )&"a (p#n"ar&$ o!#$ 5aktor %#n&'&- M#n'tr&a' p#rta%a n '#rn" b#r'5at ano/&!a' kar#na r#n(a$na ka(ar #'tro"#n (an pro"#'t#ron(-  Ka(ar #'tro"#n +#t#!a$ p#r'a!nan t#r)a( p#n&r&nan ka(ar #'tro"#n an" b#r%akna '#t#!a$ p#r'a!nan '#$n""a akt/ta' pro!aktn )&"a '#(an" %#nn"kat (apat %#%#n"ar&$ k#!#n)ar %a%a# (a!a% %#n"$a'!kan A+I- >Ob't#tr !!a%, 199; * 990? 4$ Pe'ub% Pe'ub%h%n h%n Sis&e Sis&e* * Mus,ul0 Mus,ul0s(e s(ele& le&%l %l Otot.ot Oto t.otot ot &t#r&' &t#r&' b#rkon b#rkontrak trak' ' '#"#ra '#"#ra '#t#!a$ '#t#!a$ part&' part&'-- P#%b&! P#%b&!&$. &$. p#%b&! p#%b&!&$ &$ (ara$ an" b#ra(a ( antara ana%an otot.otot &t#r&' akan t#r)#pt- Pro'#' n akan %#n"$#ntkan p#r(ara$an '#t#!a$ p!a'#nta (!a$rkanL"a%#n.!"a%#n, (a5ra"%a p#!/','#rta /a'a an" %#r#"an" pa(a :akt&  p#r'a!nan, '#2ara b#rab"'&r.an"'&r %#n)a( 2&t (an p&!$ k#%ba! '#$n""a tak   )aran" &t#r&' )at&$ k#b#!akan" (an %#n)a( r#tro5!#k' kar#na !"a%#nt&% rot&n(&% rot&n (&% %#n)a( %#n)a( k#n(ork#n(or-t(ak t(ak )aran" p&!a :anta %#n"#!&$ kan(&n"an kan(&n"anna na

16

 

t& t&r& r&n n '#t#! '#t#!a$ a$ %#!a$ %#!a$r rka kan n '# '#t#! t#!a$ a$ !"a !"a%# %#n, n, /a /a'a 'a,, )a )arn rn"an "an p# p#n& n&n) n)an an" " a!at a!at "#n#ta!a %#n)a( k#n(or+tab!'a' '#2ara '#%p&rna t#r)a( pa(a  'a%pa 8 %n""& '#t#!a$ p#r'a!nan+#ba"a akbat p&t&'na '#rat #!a't' k&!t (an ('t#n' an" b#r!an"'&n" !a%a akbat b#'arna &t#r&' pa(a :akt& $a%!,(n(n" ab(o%#n %a'$ a"ak !&nak (an k#n(or k#n (or &nt&k &nt&k '#%nta '#%ntara ra :akt&:akt&-&nt &nt&k &k %#%&! %#%&!$ka $kan n k#%ba! k#%ba! )arn"a )arn"an.)a n.)arn rn"an "an  p#n&n)an" a!at "#n#ta!a, '#rta otot.otot (n(n"p#r&t (an (a'ar pan""&!, (an)&rkan &nt&k %#!ak&kan !at$an.!at$an t#rt#nt&- Pa(a $ar po't part&% '&(a$ (apat 5'ot#rap- >Ob't#tr !!a%, 199; * 990? #$ Pe'ub%h% Pe'ub%h%n n T% T%nd%5T% nd%5T%nd% nd% Vi&%l Vi&%l a- +&$& ba(an Da!a% 4 )a% po'tpart&% '&$& ba(an akan %#nn"kat '#(kt >3=,; 0C  B 380C?'#ba"a akbat k#r)a k#ra' '#:akt& %#!a$rkan, k#$!an"an 2aran, (an k#!#!a$an- a'ana pa(a $ar k#.4 po'tpart&% '&$& ba(an akan %#nn"kat !a" kar#na a(ana p#%b#nt&k p#%b#nt&kan an A+IA+I- K#%&n"kna K#%&n"knan n pa&(ara pa&(ara akan %#n)a( %#n)a(  b#n"kak, %a&p&n k#%&n"knan n5#k' pa(a #n(o%#tr&%, %a'tt', trakt&' "#nta! "#n ta!a a ata&p&n ata&p&n ''t#% ''t#% !an!an- A+pab A+pab!a !a k#nak k#nakan an '&$& '&$& ( ata' 38 (#ra)at (#ra)at 2#!2&', :a'pa(a t#r$a(ap n5#k' po'tpart&% b- Na( D#n&t na( nor%a! oran" (#:a'a 0.80 ka!%#nt, (#n&t na( b&  po'tpart&% ba'ana akan !#b$ 2#pat, b!a %#!#b$ 100 ka!%#nt ka(aan n t#r%a'&k t#r% a'&k abnor% abnor%a! a! (an k#a(aa k#a(aan n n %#n&n) %#n&n)&kk &kkan an a(ana a(ana k#%&n" k#%&n"kn knan an n5#k' ata& p#r(ara$an po'tpart&%2- T#kan kanan Dara Dara$ $ T#kanan (ara$ ba'ana t(ak b#r&ba$ k#%&n"knan akan !#b$ r#n(a$ '#t#!a$ %#!a$rkan kar#na a(a p#r(ara$an ata& an" !anna-t#kanan (ara$ akan tn"" b!a t#r)a( pr#.#k!a%' po'tpart&%(- P#rn #rna5 a5aa'a 'an n K#a(aa K#a (aan n p#rna5a p#rna5a'an 'an '#!a!& '#!a!& b#r$&b b#r$&b&n" &n"an an (#n"an (#n"an '&$& '&$& (an (#n& (#n&tt na(,b na( ,b!a !a '&$& '&$& (an na( na( t(ak t(ak nor%a! nor%a! p#rna5 p#rna5a'an a'an )&"a )&"a akan akan %#n"k %#n"k&tn &tna a k#2&a! b!a a(a "an""&an k#2&a! "an""&an k$&'&' pa(a 'a!&ran na5a'- !a p#rna5a'an pa(a %a'a po'tpart&% %#n)a( !#b$ 2#pat, k#%&n"knan a(a tan(a B tan(a 'ok>$a#%atokrt?+#t#!a$ +#t #!a$ p#r'a! p#r'a!nan nan,, '$&nt '$&nt akan akan $!an" $!an" (#n"an (#n"an tba.t tba.tbaba- r#t#n'o &rn#? pa(a b& po'tpart&%1- #rk&r #rk&ran" an"na na t#kan t#kanan an ntraa ntraab(o b(o%n %na!a!- Otot Otot.o .oto tott p#r& p#r&tt %a'$ %a'$ !#%a !#%a$$3- E(#%a #%a &r# r#tr traa4- Dn(n Dn(n" " kan(&n kan(&n" " k#%$ k#%$ k&ran k&ran" " '#n't '#n't/#/#Ib& %a%p& AK '#n(r b!a t(ak, %ka (!ak&kan tn(akan b#rk&t25

 

1- Dran" Dran"'an 'an" " (#n"a (#n"an n %#n"a! %#n"a!rka rkan n arar- M#n"o% M#n"o%pr# pr#'' ar $an" $an"at at ( ata' '%p '%p'' ''-3- +aat sith bath >b#r#n(a% bath >b#r#n(a% ar $an"at? k!#n ('&r&$ AK!a t(ak b#r$a'! (#n"an 2ara ( ata', %aka (!ak&kan kat#t#r'a'- Ha! n (apat (ap at %#%b&a %#%b&att k!#n k!#n t(ak t(ak na%an na%an (an r#'ko r#'ko n5#k' n5#k' 'a!&ran 'a!&ran k#%$ k#%$ tn""- O!#$ kar#na t&, kat#t#r'a' t(ak (!ak&kan '#b#!&% !#:at  )a%  po'tpart&%- >+ar:ono, 009 * 1=.130? - D#5#ka' Har& Ha r&'' (!ak (!ak&k &kan an 3 $a $ar r po po't 'tpa part& rt&%%- !a !a a( a(aa ob ob't 'tp' p' (a (an n t%b t%b&! &! kopro'ta'# $n""a 'kba!a >5#'#' an" %#n"#ra'? t#rt%b&n ( r#kt&%, %&n"kn akan t#r)a( 5#br'- !a t#r)a( $a! (#%kan (apat (!ak&kan k!'%a ata& (b#r !ak'an p#r o' >%#!a!& >%#!a!& %&!&t?- #rk&t a(a!a$ 2ara a"ar  (apat A (#n"an t#rat&ra- D#t t#ra ratt&rb$ P#%b#ran 2aran an" banak,$ A%b&!a' an" bak6ka k!#n pa(a $ar k# 3 b#!&% )&"a b&an" b#'ar %aka (b#rkan !ak'an '&po' '&p o'tor tora a (an %n&% %n&% ar $an"at $an"at-- A"ar A"ar (apat (apat b&an" b&an" ar b#'ar b#'ar '#2ara '#2ara t#rat&r (apat (!ak&kan (#n"an (t t#rat&r, p#%b#ran 2aran an" banak, %akanan 2&k&p '#rat, o!a$ ra"a- >+ar:ono, 009 * 1=.130? 3$ Kebe Kebe's 'sih ih%n %n di'i di'i M#n"a)a M#n "a)aran ran b& ba"a% ba"a%ana ana %#%b#r' %#%b#r'$k $kan an (a#ra$ (a#ra$ k#!a% k#!a%n n (#n"an (#n"an

'ab&n (an ar- Pa'tkan ba$:a a %#n"#rt &nt&k %#%b#r'$kan (a#ra$ /&!/a t#r!#b$ (a$&!& (ar (#pan k# b#!akan" an&'- +arankan b& &nt&k %#n2&2 tan"an tan "an (#n"an (#n"an 'ab&n 'ab&n (an ar '#b#!&% '#b#!&% (an '#'&(a$ '#'&(a$ %#%b#' %#%b#'$ka $kan n (a#ra$ (a#ra$ k#!a%nna- >+ar:ono, 009 * 1=.130? 4$ Is&i'%h%& I'tra$ I'tra$at at pa(a pa(a b& '#!a% '#!a% n5a' n5a' b#r't b#r'tra$ ra$at at 2&k&p 2&k&p &nt&k &nt&k %#n2#"a %#n2#"a$ $ k#!#!a$an an" b#r!#b$an- +arankan a &nt&k k#%ba! k# k#"atan.k#"atan r&%a$ tan""a ba'a p#r!a$a.!a$an '#rta &nt&k t(&r 'an" ata& 'tra$at '#!a"  ba t(&r- K&ran" 'tra$at akan %#%p#n"ar&$ b& (a!a% b#b#rapa $a!* %#n"&ran" %#n" &ran" )&%!a$ A+I an" (pro(&k' (pro(&k',, %#%p#r!a%abat %#%p#r!a%abat pro'#' n/o!&' n/o!&' &t#r&'' (an %#%p#rban &t#r& %#%p#rbanak ak p#r(ara$an, p#r(ara$an, %#n#babkan %#n#babkan (#pr#', (#pr#', (an k#t(ak  k#t(ak  %a%p&an &nt&k %#ra:at bana (an (rna '#n(r' #n(rU%&%na :anta 'an"at !#!a$ '#t#!a$ %#!a$rkan- Akan t#ra'a !#b$ !#!a$ b!a part&' b#r!an"'&n" a"ak !a%a- +#oran" b& bar& akan 2#%a' apaka$ a %a%p& a%p& %#ra %#ra:a :att anak anakn naa ata& ata& t(a t(ak k '# '#t# t#!a !a$ $ %#!a %#!a$ $rk rkan an-- Ha! Ha! n n 26

 

%#n"akbatkan '&'a$ t(&r, a!a'an !anna a(a!a$ t#r)a( "an""&an po!a t(&r  kar#na b#ban k#r)a b#rta%ba$, b& $ar&' ban"&n %a!a% &nt&k %#n#t#k, ata& %#n""ant popok an" '#b#!&%na t(ak p#rna$ (!ak&kanIb& n5a' %#%#r!&kan %#%#r!&kan 'tra$at an" 2&k&p, 2&k&p, 'tra$at 'tra$at an" (b&t&$kan (b&t&$kan b& n5a' '#ktar 8 )a% pa(a %a!a% $ar (an 1 )a% pa(a 'an" $ar >+ar:ono, >+ar:ono, #$ 009 Se(su*%1=.130? l Apab!a p#r(ara$an t#!a$ b#r$#nt (an #p'oto% '&(a$ '#%b&$ %aka

2ot&' b'a (!ak&kan pa(a 3.4 %n""& po'tpart&%- Ha'rat '#k'&a! pa(a b&!an  p#rta%a akan b#rk&ran" bak k#2#patanna %a&p&n !a%ana, )&"a or"a'%# akan aka n %#n&r& %#n&r&nn- >A%bar >A%bar:at :at,, (kk(kk- 009*$ 009*$-10 -108?8?- +#2ara +#2ara 5'k 5'k a%an a%an &nt&k  &nt&k  %#%&!a $&b&n"an '&a% 'tr b#"t& (ara$ %#ra$ b#r$#nt (an b& (apat %#%a %# %a'& '&kk kkan an 'a 'at& t& ata& ata& (& (&aa )ar )arn naa k# (a (a!a% !a% /a /a" "na na tanpa tanpa ra ra'a 'a n n#r #r->+ar:ono, 009 * 1=.130? 6$ Kelu Kelu%' %')% )% be'e be'en, n,%n %n% %

+#b# +#b#!& !&% % %#n" %#n""& "&na naka kan n %#to %#to"# "# K, K, $a $a!. !. $a $a!! b# b#rk rk&t &t '#ba '#bakn knaa ()#! ()#!a'k a'kan an (a (a$& $&!& !& k# k#pa pa(a (a b b& & * ba ba"a "a% %an anaa %#to %#to(# (# n n (a (apa patt %#n2 %#n2#" #"a$ a$ k#$a% k#$ a%!an !an (an #5#kt/ #5#kt/ta' ta'n na, a, k#k&ra k#k&ran"a n"ann nna, a, #5#k 'a%pn 'a%pn", ", ba"a% ba"a%ana ana %#n""&nakan %#to(# t&, kapan %#to(# t& (apat %&!a ("&nakan &nt&k  :anta pa'2a 'a!n 'a! n an" %#n&'&- >+ar:ono, 009 * 1=.130? 7$ Sen%* ni ni-%s +#na% n5a' ('k&'kan ('k&'kan p#ntn"na p#ntn"na %#n"#%ba!kan %#n"#%ba!kan otot.otot otot.otot p#r&t (an pan""&! k#%ba! nor%a!- Ib& akan %#ra'a !#b$ k&at (an n %#n#babkan otot p#r&tna %#n)a( k&at '#$n""a %#n"&ran" ra'a 'akt pa(a p&n""&n",  )#!a'kan ba$:a !at$an t#rt#nt& b#b#rapa %#nt '#tap $ar 'a%pa %#%bant&+#na% an" p#rta%a pa!n" bak pa!n" a%an &nt&k %#%p#rk&at (a'ar   pan""&! a(a!a$ '#na% k#"#!- +#"#ra !ak&kan '#na% k#"#! pa(a $ar p#rta%a  po'tpart&% b!a %#%an" %#%&n"knkan- M#'kp&n ka(an".ka(an" '&!t &nt&k '#2ara %&(a$ %#n"akt5kan otot.otot (a'ar pan""&! n '#!a%a $ar  p#rta%a ata& k#(&a, an)&rkan a"ar b& t#r'#b&t t#tap %#n2obana+#na% k#"#! akan %#%bant& p#n#%b&$an po'tpart&% (#n"an )a!an %#%b&a %#% b&att kontrak kontrak' ' (an p#!#pa' p#!#pa'an an '#2ara '#2ara b#r"an b#r"antan tan pa(a pa(a otot.o otot.otot tot (a'ar  (a'ar   pan""&!- +#na% k#"#! %#%p&na b#b#rapa %an5aat antara !an %#%b&at  )a$tan !#b$ %#rapat, %#%p#r2#pat p#n#%b&$an, %#r#(akan $#%oro(, %#nn" %#n n"kat kataka akan n p#n"#n p#n"#n(a! (a!an an ata' &rn&rn- Caran Caranaa (#n"an (#n"an b#r(r b#r(r (#n"an (#n"an t&n"aka (rapatkan- K#n2an"kan otot.otot pantat (an pn""&! ta$an 'a%pa ; 27

 

$t&n"an an--

K#n(&rkan

(an

&!an an" "

!a"

!ata ta$an

'# '#b ban nak ak

;

ka!-

>+ar:ono, 009 * 1=.130? K$ T%nd%5 T%nd%5T T%nd% B%h%:% B%h%:% M%s% Ni-%s 6ka b& %#!$at $a!.$a! b#rk&t n ata& %#%p#r$atkan ba$:a a(a '#'#&at&

an" t(ak b#r#' ata& %#!$at 'a!a$ 'at& (ar $a!.$a! b#rk&t n, %aka b& t#r'#b&t akan p#r!& %#n#%& '#'#oran" b(an (#n"an '#"#ra* 1- P#r(ara$an P#r(ara$an $#bat $#bat ata& p#nn" p#nn"katan katan p#r(ara$ p#r(ara$an an '#2ara '#2ara tba.tba tba.tba >%#!#b$ >%#!#b$ ba'a ba'a ata& )ka p#r(ara$an t#r'#b&t %#%ba'a$ !#b$ (ar  p#%ba!&t 'ant#r (a!a% 34;-

:akt& '#t#n"a$ )a%?P#n"#!&aran P#n"#!&aran 2aran /a"na (#n"an (#n"an ba& b&'&k an" k#ra'Ra'a Ra'a n#r n#r ( p#r&t p#r&t ba" ba"an an ba:a$ ba:a$ ata& ata& p&n"" p&n""&n" &n"-+akt k#pa!a k#pa!a an" an" t#r&'.%#n# t#r&'.%#n#r&', r&', n#r n#r #p"a'trk, #p"a'trk, ata& ata& %a'a!a$ %a'a!a$ p#n"!$atan p#n"!$atan-P#%b#n P#%b#n"ka "kakan kan pa(a pa(a :a)a$ :a)a$ (an (an tan"a tan"annD#%a D#%a%, %, %&nta$ %&nta$,, ra'a ra'a 'akt 'akt '# '#:a :akt kt& & b& b&an an" " ar '#n, '#n, at ata& a& %#ra %#ra'a 'a t(a t(ak k #n #nak  ak 

 ba(an=- Pa&(a Pa&(ara ra an" an" %#%#ra$ %#%#ra$,, pana' pana' (an ata& ata& 'akt'akt8- K#$!an"an K#$!an"an '#!#ra %akan %akan &nt&k &nt&k :akt& an" b#rk#pan)an b#rk#pan)an"an"an9- Ra'a 'akt, 'akt, :arna :arna %#ra$, %#ra$, k#!#%b&tan k#!#%b&tan (an ata& ata& p#%b#n"k p#%b#n"kakan akan pa(a pa(a kakkak10- M#ra'a 'an"at '#($ (an t(ak %a%p& %#n"&r&' (r (r '#n(r ata& ba11- M#ra'a 'an"at !#t$ ata& b#rna5a' t#r#n"a$.#n"a$- >+ar:ono >+ar:ono,, 009 * 30?

II$

PUTTING SUSU LECET A$ F%(&0'5 F%(&0'5-%(& -%(&0' 0' /en:eb%b /en:eb%b /u&in) /u&in) susu susu le,e& 1- K#'a!a$ K#'a!a$an an (a!a% t#knk t#knk %#n&'& %#n&'& t(ak t(ak b#nar, b#nar, ba t(ak %#n& %#n&'& '& 'a%pa 'a%pa

 t#rt&t&p o!#$ %&!&t ba- !a ba $ana %#n&'& pa(a p&tn" '&'&, aerola t#rt&t&p aerola %aka ba akan %#n(apat A+I '#(kt, kar#na "&' ba t(ak %#n#kan pa(a  sinus latiferus, latiferus, '#( '#(an" an"kan kan pa(a pa(a b&n b&naa akan akan %#n)a( %#n)a( n#rk n#rk#!#2 #!#2#tan #tan pa(a pa(a  p&tn" '&'&-  Moniliasis  Moniliasis pa(a  pa(a %&!&t ba an" %#n&!ar pa(a p&tn" '&'& b&3- P&tn" P&tn" '&'& '&'& t#rpapar t#rpapar o!#$ p#%aka p#%akaan an 'ab&n, 'ab&n, a!ko$o! a!ko$o!,, kr%, ata& Gat rtan rtan !an 'aat b& &nt&k %#%b#r'$kan p&tn" '&'&4- a a (#n"a (#n"an n ta! ta! !(a$ !(a$ an" an" p#n( p#n(#k #k > frenulum  frenulum lingue?, lingue ?, '#$n""a %#n#babkan  ba '&!t %#n"$'ap 'a%pa k# ka!an" pa&(ara (an 'apan $ana pa(a p&tn" '&'& 'a)a;- Cara %#n"$#ntka %#n"$#ntkan n %#n&'& %#n&'& an" an" k&ran" k&ran" t#pat- a"a%ana a"a%ana b& %#n& %#n&'& '& bana bana apaka$ apaka$ po'' po'' (an p#r!#kat p#r!#katanna anna '&(a$ '&(a$ b#nar  b#nar  >+ar:ono- 009 * 3=9? 28

 

B$ Pen%n) Pen%n)%n% %n%n n /u&in) /u&in) susu susu le,e le,e&& a- Cara Cara p# p#na nan" n"an anan an p& p&t tn" n" '& '&'& '& !#2#t !#2#t %#n& %#n&r& r&tt >Nan >Nann n,, 0 01 11, $$-39 39?? '#ba" '#ba"a a

 b#rk&t* 1? Car Car p#n#b p#n#bab ab p&t p&tn" n" '&'& '&'& !#2#t !#2#t-? M#%a't M#%a'tkan kan t(ak t(ak t#r(a t#r(apat pat n5# n5#k' k' candida candida pa(a  pa(a %&!&t ba3? A+I t#tap t#tap ( k#!&ark k#!&arkan an (#n"an (#n"an tan"an, tan"an, (an t(ak t(ak ( an)&rk an)&rkan an (#n"an (#n"an a!at  po%pa kar#na n#r ata& at a& ba ( '&'&kan !#b$ (&!& pa(a p&tn" '&'& an" nor%a!4? Ib& (apat (apat t#r&' %#%b#rk %#%b#rkan an A+I A+I pa(a k#a(aan k#a(aan !&ka !&ka an" t(ak t(ak b#"t& b#"t& 'akt (an o!#' p&tn" p&tn" '&'& (#n" (#n"an an A+I ak$r &hind milk',  milk',  t(ak %rn""&nakan 'ab&n, 'ab &n, kr%, kr%, a!ko$o a!ko$o!, !, ata&p&n ata&p&n Gat rtan rtan an" an" !a !an n 'aat %#%b#r' %#%b#r'$k $kan an  pa&(ara;? M#n""& M#n""&nak nakan an bra bra an" an" %#nan %#nan""a ""a-? P&tn" P&tn" '&'& an" an" 'akt 'akt (apat ('tra$at ('tra$atkan kan &nt&k &nt&k '#%#ntara '#%#ntara :akt& k&ran" k&ran" !#b$ 14 )a%, (an ba'ana akan '#%b&$ '#n(r '#ktar 4 )a%=? +#!a%a p&tn" p&tn" '&'& ('tra$ ('tra$atkan, atkan, '#bakn '#baknaa A+I A+I t#tap (k#!&arkan (k#!&arkan (#n"an (#n"an tan"an, (an t(ak (an)&rkan (#n"an a!at po%pa kar#na n#r8? C&2 pa&(ara pa&(ara '#ka! '#ka! 'a)a '#$ar '#$ar (an t(ak t(ak (b#narkan (b#narkan &nt&k &nt&k %#n""&n %#n""&nakan akan (#n"an 'ab&n9? !a !a t#ra'a 'an"at 'an"at 'akt bo!#$ bo!#$ %n&% %n&% obat p#n"&ra p#n"&ran" n" ra'a 'akt'akt- > +ar:on +ar:onoo009 * 3=9?  b- Lan"ka$.!an"ka$ %#n&'& %# n&'& an" b#nar %#n&r&t >+&ra(, 011, 011, $- 4? '#ba"a  b#rk&t * 1? ?

M#n2 M#n2& &2 tan" tan"an an (#n (#n"an "an 'ab 'ab& &n (an (an ar ar %#n %#n"a "a! !rr t#r t#r!# !#b b$ $( (a$ a$& &!& !&-+# +#b# b#!& !&% % %#n %#n&' &'& &,, A+I A+I (k (k#! #!&a &ark rkan an '#( '#(k kt t k#% k#%&( &(a an n (o! (o!#' #'ka kan n pa(a pa(a p&t p&tn n" " '&'& '&'& (an (an areola '#ktarna- Cara n %#%p&na %an5aat '#ba"a desinfektan desinfektan (an  (an %#n)a"a k#!#%baban p&tn" '&'&-

3?

a a ( (!#ta #takkan %#n %#n" "$a(ap p#r p#r& &t b b& at ata& pa pa& &(ara ra-a? Ib& (&(&k (&(&k ata& b#rbarn b#rbarn" " 'anta'anta- !a (&(&k (&(&k !#b$ bak bak %#n""&na %#n""&nakan kan k&r' an" r#n(a$ a"ar kak b& t(ak t#r"ant&n" (an p&n""&n" b&  b#r'an(ar pa(a 'an(aran k&r' b? a (p#"an" (#n"an 'at& !#n"an, k#pa!a ba t#r!#tak t#r! #tak pa(a !#n"k&n" 'k& b& (an bokon" ba t#r!#tak pa(a !#n"an- K#pa!a ba t(ak bo!#$ t#rt#n"a(a$ (an bokon" ba (ta$an (#n"an t#!apak t#! apak tan"an b&29

 

2? +at& +at& tan"an tan"an ba (!#tak (!#takkan kan ( b#!aka b#!akan" n" ba(an ba(an b&, b&, (an an" 'at& 'at& ( (#pan(? P#r& P#r&tt ba ba  %#n# %#n#%p %p#! #! ba ba(a (an n b b&, &, k# k#pa pa!a !a ba ba %#n" %#n"$a $a(a (ap p pa&( pa&(ara ara >t(ak $ana %#%b#!okkan k#pa!a ba?#? T#!n"a T#!n"a (an !#n"an !#n"an ba t#r!#tak pa(a 'at& 'at& "ar' "ar' !&r&'!&r&'5? Ib& %#natap %#natap ba ba (#n"a (#n"an n ka'$ ka'$ 'aan" 'aan"-4? Pa&(a Pa&(ara ra (p#"an (p#"an" " (#n"an (#n"an b& )ar ( ata' (an )ar an" an" !an %#nopa %#nopan" n" (  ba:a$- 6an"an %#n#kan p&tn" '&'& '&'& ata& areolanya areolanya 'a)a 'a)a;? a a (b#r (b#r ra ran" n"'an 'an"a "an n &n &nt& t&k k %#%b& %#%b&ka ka %&!& %&!&tt

&rooting refleks'  refleks'  (#n"an

2ara * a?

M#n#nt&$ p pp ( (##n"an p& p&tn" '& '&'&-

 b?

M#n#nt&$ '' %&!&t ba? +#t# +#t#!a !a$ $ ba ba %#%b %#%b&k &kaa %&!& %&!&t, t, (# (#n" n"an an 2# 2#pat pat k#pa!a k#pa!a ba ba ( ((# (#ka katk tkan an k#  pa&(ara b& (#n"an p&tn" '#rta areola areola (%a'&kkan  (%a'&kkan k# %&!&t baa? U'a$ U'a$ak akan an '#ba" '#ba"a an n b#'a b#'arr areola areola   (apat %a'&k k# (a!a% %&!&t ba, '#$n""a p&tn" '&'& b#ra(a ( ba:a$ !an"t.!an"t (an !(a$ ba akan %#n#kan A+I k#!&ar (ar t#%pat p#na%p&n"an A+I an" t#r!#tak (  ba:a$ areola(  b? +#t#!a$ ba %&!a %#n"$'ap, pa&(ara tak p#r!& (p#"an" ata& ('an""a !a"=? Po'' Po'' $'ap $'apan an ba ba an" an" b#nar b#nar antara antara !an !an * a?

M&!& M&!&tt ba ba t#rb t#rb&k &kaa !#ba !#barr-

 b?

Da"& ba %#n#%p#! pa(a pa&(ara pa&(ara b&-

2?

+#ba"an b# b#'ar areola areola %a'&k  %a'&k k# (a!a% %&!&t ba, areola areola ba"an  ba"an ba:a$ !#b$ banak an" %a'&k-

(?

a a na%pa na%pak k %#n" %#n"'ap 'ap k&at k&at ( (#n" #n"an an ra% ra%aa p#r!a$ p#r!a$anan8? M#!#p M#!#pa' a' 'apa 'apan n ba ba +# +#t# t#!a !a$ $ %#n %#n&' &'& & pa(a pa(a 'a 'at& t& pa pa &( &(ar araa 'a 'a%p %pa a t# t#ra ra'a 'a ko ko'o 'on" n",, '#bakna "ant %#n&'& pa(a pa&(ara an" !an- Cara %#!#pa' 'apan  ba * a? 6ar k#!n"kn k#!n"kn" " b& (%a'&k (%a'&kkan kan k# %&!&t %&!&t ba ba %#!a!& '&(&t '&(&t %&!&t %&!&t ata&, ata&,  b? Da"& ba (t#kan k# ba:a$9? M#n&'& M#n&'& b#rk&tn b#rk&tnaa %&!a (ar pa&(ara pa&(ara an" an" b#!&% t#rko'o t#rko'on"kan n"kan >an" >an" ($'ap t#rak$r? 30

 

10? +#t#!a$ '#!#'a %#n&'&, A+I A+I (k#!&arkan '#(kt k#%&(an (o!#'kan pa(a  p&tn" '&'& (an areola areola '#ktarna '#ktarna- arkan k#rn" (#n"an '#n(rna 11? M#n#n(a:akan ba antara !an * T&)&a &)&an n %#n %#n#n #n(a (a:a :aka kan n ba ba a( a(a!a a!a$ $ %#n" %#n"#! #!&ar &arka kan n &( &(ara ara (a (ar r !a%b& !a% b&n" n" '& '&pa paaa ba ba  t(a t(ak k %&nt %&nta$ a$ >" >"&% &%o$ o$?? '#t#! '#t#!a$ a$ %#n %#n&' &'& &-- Cara Cara %#n#n(a:akan ba * a? a a ("# ("#n( n(on on" " t#"a t#"ak k (# (#n" n"an an b# b#r'a r'an( n(ar ar pa pa(a (a ba ba$& $& b b& & k# k#%& %&( (an an  p&n""&n"naa (t#p&k p#r!a$an.!a$an, ata&  p&n""&n"n  b? a t(&r t#n"k&rap ( pan"k&an b&, k#%&(an p&n""&n"na p&n""&n"na (t#p&k   p#r!a$an.!a$an- >+ar:ono- 009 * 380? 380? C$ P0si P0sisi si *en *en:u :usu suii 1- Po' Po'' ' %a(on %a(onna na

a b#rbarn" %rn", %#n"$a(ap b&- K#pa!a, !#$#r, (an p&n""&n" ata'  ba (!#takkan pa(a !#n"an ba:a$ !at#ra! pa&(ara- Ib& %#n""&nakan tan"an '#b#!a$na &nt&k %#%#"an" pa&(ara )ka (p#r!&kan- Po'' madonna madonna b#r"&na  b#r"&na  ba" b& an" %#n&'& %#n&'& ba bar& !a$r >= ka!?PM N- +t Fatona$, Po'an(& at&!a:an" TT1 K#!a' 1 +D TT K#!a' 4 +D, TT3 K#$a%!an  p#rta%aM&a!, %&nta$T(ak A(aPa(a &'a k#$a%!an ; &!an >  %n""&?4 ka!-

* * * * *

;8 K"Ib& %#n"atakan $ana %#n"kon'&%' obat B obatan (ar b(anIb& %#n"atakan p#n"a%b!an k#p&t&'an b#r'a%a '&a%T(ak A(aT(ak A(a-

9- R R:a :aat at P#r'a P#r'a! !na nan n +#kara +#karan" n" Tan""a! Tan""a! (an )a% p#r'a!nan * 9 D#'#%b#r 01;, )a% 0;-00 T#%pat T#%pat p#r'a!nan * Pon#( P&'k#'%a' L%ban"an P#no!on" P#r'a!nan * (an 6#n' P#r'a!nan * Nor%a!  b- Catatan akt& akt& (an p#r(ara$an Ka!a I *  )a% 30 %#nt, p#r(ara$an  1022 Ka!a II * 0 )a% 30 %#nt, p#r(ara$an  10022 10022 Ka!a III * 0 )a% 10 %#nt, p#r(ara$an  ;0 22 Ka!a I< *  )a% , p#r(ara$an  1;022 Tota! To ta! * ; )a% 10 %#nt, p#r(ara$an  31022 2- K&!t K# K#t&ban P#2a$ )a% * 0=-30 I 6#n' * A%nonto% A%nonto% arna * 6#rn$ a& * K$a' 6&%!a$ *;00 22 (- a a !a$r )a% * 08-00 I 6#n' K#!a%n * Lak B !ak APAR +CORE * I 8, II 9, III 10   P * 00 "ra%, 4; 2% K#!anan Kon"#nta! * T(ak A(a K#a(aan a * +#$at 35

 

#- P!a2#nta La$r )a% * 08-10 I 6#n' * +pontan Tan(a Tan(a B tan(a p#!#pa'an p!a2#nta * Ta! p&'at %#%an)an, k#!&ar '#%b&ran (ara$, TFU %#%b&!at6&%!a$ Kot!#(on *  0 b&a$ Uk&ran *  0  3 2% #rat *  ;00 "ra% Pan)an" *  0 2% In'#r' * M#(a! K#!anan * T(ak A(a 5- P#rn#&% Ut&$ r&pt&r# (#ra)at * Ut&$ Ep'oto% * T(ak A(a A(a Ana't#' * T(ak A(a 6#n' b#nan" * T(ak A(a 6#n' )a$tan * T(ak A(a A(a 6&%!a$ )a$tan * T(ak A(a A(a Kon(' )a$tan * T(ak A(a "- Tn(aka (akan n !!a an n In5&' * RL* ;00%! 0 t#t#' %#nt Tran'5&' T(ak A(a $- R R:a :aat at P#% P#%b# b#ra ran n A+I akt& a kt& p#%b#ran * +#"#ra %&n"kn T#knk T#knk p#%b#ran * IMD Po!a p#%b#ran a- 6a(:a 6a(:a!! p#%b p#%b#r #ran an * on (#%an( (#%an(  b- Cara t#knk %#n&'& * (&(&k (#n"an (#n"an t#knk an" k&ran"  b#nar 'aat b& %#n2oba %#n&'& bana bana at& ar#o!a t(ak %a'&k '#!&r&$na pa(a %&!&t ba- +aat b& n"n %#n"#!&arkan p&tn" '&'& (ar %&!&t bana ba na b& %#n""&nakan )ar k#!n"kn"na %a'&k k#(a!a% %&!&t  ba (an %#n"kat p&tn" '&'&na'&'&na- Ib& )&"a %#n""&nakan 2ara !an &nt&k %#!#pa'kan p&tn" '&'& at& (#n"an %#n#kan (a"& ba2- K#2& K#2&k& k&pa pan n A+I A+I * T# T#r2&k& r2&k&p p (- Ma'a Ma'a!a !a$ $ * T( T(ak ak A(a 10- R:aa R:aatt K 6#n' akt& La%a Kontra'#p'  p#%akaan P#%akaan +& +&nt ntk k 3 b&! b&!an an 0 010 10 > 1 b&!a b&!an n 4 ta$&n >010 '#t#!a$  B 014? %#!a$rkan

K#!&$an T(ak A(a

A!a'an Dr Drop O&t In"n %#%p&na anak !a"

R#n2ana an" akan (atan" #!&% a(a

K#t

36

 

1111- Po!a K#$(&pa K#$(&pan n +#$ar $ar $ar a- Po!a n&tr' +#!a%a $a%! Makan* a- Fr#k&# Fr#k&#n' n' * 3 '#$ar '#$ar  b- Por'*  prn" 2- 6#n'* 6#n'* na', na', !a&k, !a&k, 'a&r 'a&r

+#!a%a n5a' Makan* a- Fr#k&# Fr#k&#n'* n'* 4 '#$ar '#$ar b- Por'*  2- 6#n'* 6#n'* na', na', !a&k, !a&k, 'a&r  'a&r 

(- K#!&$a Ma2a% na' , aa%, aa% kan"k&n" " (* Na' t#!&r baa% aa% #K#! &$an* n** na', T T(ak (ak a(a , kan"k&n #- Ma2a% K#!&$a K#!&$an* n* T T(ak (akt#!&r, a(a, b  

Mn&%

Mn&%

a- 6&%!a$* 6&%!a$* 8 "#!a' "#!a'  b- 6#n'* ar p&t$ 2- K#!&$a K#!&$an* n* t(ak t(ak a(a

a- 6&%!a$ 6&%!a$** 10 "#!a' "#!a' b- 6#n'* ar p&t$ 2- K#!&$a K#!&$an* n* t(ak t(ak a(a

 b- Po!a E!%na' +#!a%a Ha%! A* a- Fr#k&# Fr#k&#n' n'**  '#$ar '#$ar  b2(e$

Kon''t#n'* arna* a rna* k&nn" k&nn!&nak " k#2ok!atan k#2ok!atan a&* a&* k$ k$a' a' an""&an* t(ak a(a

AK * a- Fr#k&# Fr#k&#n'* n'* ;  '#$ar '#$ar bKon''t#n' * '#(an" 2-  arna arna * k&nn" k&nn " )#rn$ (- a& a& * k$ k$a' a' #- an""&an * t(ak a(a

+#!a%a N5a' Ib& %#n"atakan t(ak a(a p#r&ba$an po!a A (an AK  2- Po!a Po!a P#r P#r'o 'ona na!! H" H"#n #n## +#!a%a Ha%! 1- Man( Man( * 4 ka! ka! '#$ar '#$ar - K#ra%a K#ra%a'* '* 1 (a!a% (a!a% (&a $ar

+#!a%a N5a' 1- Man( Man( * 3 ka! ka! '#$ar '#$ar - K#ra%a' K#ra%a' * 1 (a!a% (a!a%  $ar $ar

3- o'ok o'ok ""* ""*  '#$ar '#$ar 3- o'ok o'ok "" "" *  '#$ar '#$ar 4- ant 2#!ana (a!a%*  '#$ar 4- ant 2#!ana (a!a% * 3 '#$ar ;- Cara 2#bok* 2#bok* (ar (#pan k# b#!aka b#!akan" n" ;- Cara 2#bok* 2#bok* (ar (#pan k# b#!akan" b#!akan" (- Po!a Po!a I't I'tr ra$ a$at at +#!a%a Ha%! +#!a%a n5a' T(&r %a!a% * 8 )a% T(&r %a!a% * = )a% T(&r 'an" * 1 )a% T(&r 'an" * 30 %#nt an""&an* t(ak a(a an""&an * T(ak A(a #- Po!a Po!a Akt/ t/ta ta'' +#!a%a Ha%! Ib& %#n"atakan %#!ak&kan akt/ta' '#p#rt ba'a %#%a'ak, %#n&2, %#n"#p#!,  b#k#r)a+#!a%a n5a' Ib& %#n"atakan %#!ak&kan akt/ta' '#p#rt ba'a %#%a'ak, %#n&2 ( bant& '&a% (an k#!&ar"a37

 

1- Data P'ko!o"' P'ko!o"' Ib& %#n"atakan '#nan" (#n"an k#!a$ran anak k#(&ana an" b#r)#n' k#!a%n !ak  B !ak, '&a% (an k#!&ar"ana %#n(&k&n" b& (a!a% %#ra:at bana (an %#%bant& b& (a!a% %#!ak&kan akt/ta'- Ib& %#ra'a 2#%a' (#n"an k#a(aan p&tn" '&'& '&'&n naa an" an" !#2# !#2#tt (an (an n#r n#r 'a 'aat at %#n %#n&' &'& &-- Dan Dan k$ k$a: a:at atr r )ka )ka t(a t(ak k b b'a 'a %#%b#rkan A+I '#2ara %ak'%a! pa(a banaba na13- Data +o'a! +o'a! &(aa &(a a Ib& %#n"atakan %#%!k $&b&n"an bak (#n"an k#!&ar"ana (an %a'arakat '#p#rt %#n"k&t p#rk&%p&!an ( %a'arakat- Ib& %#n"atakan t(ak %#n"an&t a(at 'ta(at an" (apat %#%ba$aakan k#'#$atanna (an bana '#p#rt pantan"an %akanan '#t#!a$ %#!a$rkan14- Data Ekono% Ekono% Ib& %#n"atakan k#b&t&$an k#b&t&$an '#$ar $ar t#rp#n&$ t#rp#n&$ (#n"an p#n"$a'!ann p#n"$a'!annaa (an '&a% '#b# '#b#'a 'arr 1 )&ta )&ta-- Ib Ib& & %#n" %#n"at atak akan an ba baaa p#r' p#r'a! a!n nan an (a (apa patt t# t#rp rp#n #n&$ &$ (# (#n" n"an an %#n""&nakan kart& P6+- Ib& %#n"atakan b#r#kr#a' '#tap 3 b&!an '#ka!1;- Data P#n"#ta$&a P#n"#ta$&an n Ib& %#n"atakan b#!&% %#n"#ta$& 2ara %#n&'& an" b#nar-

B$ DAT DATA OB.EKT OB.EKTIF IF 1- K#a( K#a(aa aan n U%&% U%&% a- K#'a( K#'a(ar aran an  b- Tan(a Tan(a a(aka >a(aka$ $ tarkan tarkan (n(n (n(n" " (a(a? (a(a? '#rta '#rta &nt&k  &nt&k  %#n"#ta$& a(ana ra'a n#r ata& p#ra'aan t(ak na%an 'aat %#n&'&, p#n"#!&aran '#kr#t (p&tn" '&'& Pa(a ka'&' N- I, (ar $a'! p#%#rk'aan t#r(apat !#2#t p&tn" '&'& pa(a pa&(ara '#b#!a$ kanan, a(a "ar' an" %#%b#!a$ p&tn" '&'&, pa&(ara t(ak b#n"kak, t(ak  k#ra', t(ak $an"at k#tka ('#nt&$, :arna p&tn" '&'& t(ak %#ra$, t(ak a(a b#n)o!an, b#n)o!an,

47

 

A+II '& A+ '&(a (a$ $ k# k#!& !&ar ar !an2 !an2ar ar 'aat 'aat (p# (p#n2 n2#t #t

)#n' )#n'n naa A+I %at& %at&rr (a (an n :arn :arnan ana a p& p&t t$ $

k#k&nn"an k#k&n n"an-- Ha'! t#r'#b&t '#'&a (#n"an t#or R'anto R'anto >008 * 183? p#n#bab p#n#bab &%&%  p&tn" '&'& !#2#t a(a!a$ p#r!#katan an" k&ran" bak- !a ba %#!#kat k&ran" bak,  ba akan %#nark p&tn" k#!&ar %a'&k 'a%b! %#n"$'ap, (an %#n""#'#k."#'#k k&!t  pa&(ara (#n"an %&!&tna- +#t#!a$ ba %#!#pa'kan pa&(ara, ta%pak p&tn" '#p#rt $ab' (r#%a' (#n"an a(ana '#b&a$ "ar' an" %#%b#!a$ &)&n"na- !a ba t#r&' %#n"$'ap '#p#rt t&, %aka akan t#r)a( k#r&'akan k&!t (an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t- +#t#!a$  ba %#!#kat (#n"an bak, ra'a n#r akan b#rk&ran"- T(ak T(ak p#r!& %#n"'tra$atkan  pa&(ara an" p&tn"na !#2#t- Pa(a ka'&' N- I t(ak t#r%a'&k ka'&' an" %#n"ara$ k# %a'tt %a't t''- M#n&r& M#n&r&tt R'anto R'anto >008 >008 * 13? 13? %a'tt %a'tt'' '#rn" '#rn" ('a%a ('a%akan kan (#n"an (#n"an pa&(a pa&(ara ra  b#n"kak- Pa&(ara b#n"kak t#r)a( pa(a '#!&r&$ pa&(ara, (an '#rn" ka! pa(a k#(&a  pa&(ara- Ma'tt' t#r)a( pa(a '#ba"an pa&(ara, (an ba'ana $ana 'at& pa&(araPa&(ara b#n"kak an" t(ak '#"#ra (tan"an akan %#%2& t#r)a(na %a'tt'- Ma'tt' t%b&! pa(a pa&(ara an" b#n"kak, ata& kar#na 'a!&ran t#r'&%bat- +a!&ran t#r'&%bat kar#na ('#babkan kar#na t(ak a(a p#n"o'on"an A+I- Ka(an" t#r)a( kar#na 'a!&ran t#r'&% t#r' &%bat bat o!#$ A+I an" an" %#n#ba %#n#ba!!- #)a!an #)a!anaa a(a!a$ a(a!a$ a(an a(anaa "&%pa! "&%pa!an an (an !#%b#k !#%b#k,, '#rn" ka! t#r(apat k#%#ra$an pa(a k&!t ( (a#ra$ an" b#n"kak- Ib& t(ak (#%a% (an %#ra'a '#$at, '#rta %a'a!a$ %a'a!a$ p&tn" '&'& !#2#t t(ak %#n"ara$ %#n"ara$ k# ab'#' pa&(ara pa&(ara '#bab t(ak a(a tan(a.tan(a tan(a.tan(a n5#k' n5#k' '#$n""a '#$n""a '#'&a (#n"an t#or kn kn)o'a'tr )o'a'tro o >00 * ;9? an" %#n"atakan ab'#' pa&(ara (apat t#r)a( pa(a %a'tt' ata& !&ka pa&(ara an" t#rn5#k'Pa(aa ka'&' Pa( ka'&' N- I, TFU TFU 3 )ar ( ba:a$ ba:a$ p&'at pa(a 3 $ar $ar po't po't part&% part&% '#$n""a '#$n""a '#'&a (#n"an (#n"an t#or obak >004 >004 * 49=? apab!a :anta b#r(r b#r(r ( $ar p#rta%a '#t#!a$ %#!a$ %#! a$rka rkan, n, ab(o% ab(o%#nn #nnaa akan akan %#non) %#non)o! o! (an %#%b&a %#%b&att ta%pak ta%pak '#p#rt '#p#rt %a'$ %a'$ $a%!$a%!-

48

 

Dp#r!&kan '#ktar #na% %n""& &nt&k (n(n" ab(o%#n k#%ba! k# k#a(aan '#b#!&% $a%!- K&!t %#%p#ro!#$ k#%ba! #!a't'ta'na, t#tap '#)&%!a$ k#2! 'tra %#n#tapR'anto R'ant o >008 * 1;4? %#n"atakan %#n"atakan p#n"#!&aran p#n"#!&aran !o2$#a b#r$#nt '#t#!a$  %n""& %n""&  po't part&%- Lo2$#a r&bra >2r&#nta? a(a!a$ b#r' (ara$ '#"ar (an ''a.''a '#!ap&t k# k#t& t&ba ban, n, '#!.'# '#!.'#!! (# (#'( '(&a &a,, /# /#rn rnk k'' ka ka'#o '#o'a, 'a, !an&" !an&"o o (a (an n %#ko %#kon#& n#&%, %, '#!a% '#!a%aa  $a $ar r  po'tpart&%- Lo2$#a 'an"&no!#nta b#r:arna %#ra$ k&nn" b#r' (ara$ (an !#n(r, '#!a%a $ar k#.3 $n""a $ar k#.= po'tpart&%- Lo2$#a '#ro'a b#r:arna k&nn", 2aran t(ak b#r(ara$ !a", pa(a $ar k#.= $n""a $ar k#.14 po'tpart&%- Lo2$#a a!ba a(a!a$ 2aran p&t$, p&t$, '#t#!a$  %n""&%n""&- Pa(a ka'&' NN- I 3 $ar po't part&% "#n#ta!a "#n#ta!a t#r(apat !o2$#a r&ba an" b#r&pa (ara$ b#r:arna %#ra$ k#2ok!atan ba&na k$a'-

C$ Asse Assess ss*e *en& n& 1- Da" Da"no no'a 'a k#b k#b( (an anan an

Da"no'a (apat (t#"akkan an" b#rkatan (#n"an para, abort&',&%&r b&, (an k#a(aan n5a' (#n"an (ata '&b)#kt5 (an (ata ob)#kt5 A%bar:at >009, $- ;3?- Dar  p#n"ka)an an" (!ak&kan (apat (t#nt&kan (a"no'a k#b(anan at& P A0 &%&r 4 ta$&n 3 $ar po't part&% nor%a!- #r(a'arkan t#or (#n"an praktk t(ak (t#%&kan a( a(an ana a k# k#'#n '#n)an )an"a "an, n, $a $a!! n n (b& (b&kt ktk kan an (# (#n" n"an an ( (a" a"no no'a 'a a an" n" ( (t# t#"a "akk kkan an  b#r(a'arkan (ata '&b#kt5 (an ob#kt5- Ma'a!a$ Ma'a!a$ (ar b& an" t%b&! '#!a%a %#n&'& (apat (%&!a '#)ak '#b#!&%  p#r'a!nan >p#ro(# ant#nata!?, pa(a %a'a pa'2a p#r'a!nan (n, (an %a'a pa'2a  p#r'a!nan !an)&t- Ma'a!a$ %#n&'& (apat p&!a (akbatkan kar#na k#a(aan k$&'&', '#p#rt '#p #rt p& p&t tn" n" '&'& '&'& !#2#t !#2#t (a (an n '#rn '#rn"k "ka! a! b b& & %#n" %#n"$# $#nt ntk kan an %#n %#n&' &'& & ka kar#n r#naa  p&tn"na 'akt +&ra(, >011 * 1=?- #r(a'arkan #r(a'a rkan praktk (!apan"an pa(a ka'&' NI %a'a!a$ an" %&n2&! %&n2&! a(a!a$ p&tn" '&'& !#2#t- #r(a'arkan #r(a'arkan antara t#or (#n"an

49

 

 praktk ( !apan"an t(ak (t#%&kan a(ana k#'#n)an"an, $a! n (b&ktkan (#n"an a(ana 5aktor pr#'(po'' p&tn" '&'& !#2#t an" (t#%&kan (ar $a'! p#n"ka)an '&b)#kt5 at& b& %#!ak&kan k#'a!a$an (a!a% t#knk %#n&'& at& ar#o!a t(ak  %a'&k '#!&r&$na (a!a% %&!&t ba, 2ara b& %#%b#r'$kan p&tn" '&'&na t(ak  %#n""&nakan %nak Gat&n (an bab o!3- Da" Da"no no'a 'a pot pot#n #n' 'a! a! Pa(a !an"ka$ n %#n"(#nt5ka' %a'a!a$ pot#n'a! ata& (a"no'a pot#n'a!  b#r(a'arkan

(a"no'a%a'a!a$

an"

'&(a$

((#nt5ka'-

Lan"ka$

n

%#%b&t %#% b&t&$k &$kan an ant'p ant'pa', a', b!a b!a %#%&n" %#%&n"kn knkan kan (!ak& (!ak&kan kan p#n2#" p#n2#"a$a a$an n >10 tab!#t? (an a%o2!n ;00 %" 31 >10 tab!#t?,  b#rta$& b& &nt&k %#!ak&kan k&n)&n"an &!an"- M#n&r&t '&ra( >011? p&tn" '&'& an" 'akt (apat ('tra$atkan &nt&k '#%#ntara :akt& k&ran" !#b$ 14 )a%, (an  ba'ana akan '#%b&$ '#n(r '#ktar 4 )a%- T#r(apat T#r(apat k#'#n)an"an p#r#n2anaan a'&$an (ar t#or (an praktk, $a! t#r'#b&t (b&ktkan ba$:a p&tn" '&'& !#2#t (apat '#%b&$ '#n(r '#ktar 4 )a%, '#$n""a t(ak p#r!& (b#rkan t#rap para2#ta%o! ;00 ;00 %" 31 31 >1 >10 0 tab! tab!#t #t?? (an (an a%o a%o2 2! !n n ;0 ;00 0 %" 3 31 1 >1 >10 0 ta tab! b!#t #t??- Dan Dan t(a t(ak  k  %#%b#rkan p#n((kan t#ntan" p#ra:atan ba bar& !a$r >+ar:ono 009 * 13? Catatan I%p!#%#nta' Pa(a p#!ak'anaan a'&$an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t an" (!ak&kan '#'&a (#n"an  p#r#n2anaan an" t#!a$ (b&at- M#n&r&t +&ra( >011 * 4? p#!ak'anaan an" (b&at pa(a ka'&' p&tn" '&'& !#2#t a(a!a$ %#%b#rta$& t#ntan" $a'! p#%#rk'aan  pa(a b& ba$:a b& %#n"a!a% !#2#t pa(a p&tn" '&'&, %#n"ata' 2#%a' b& (#n"an %#%b#rkan %ot/a' k#pa(a b& ba$:a !#2#t pa(a p&tn" '&'&na (apat (ata' (#n"an t#knk %#n&'& (ata' %#n&'& an" bak (an b#nar, b#nar, %#%b#rkan %#%b#rkan p#n((kan p#n((kan k#'#$a k#' #$atan tan k#pa(a k#pa(a b& t#ntan t#ntan" " p&tn" p&tn" '&'& '&'& !#2#t, !#2#t, %#n"a) %#n"a)ark arkan an pa(a pa(a b& t#knk  t#knk  %#n&'& an" b#nar, b#nar, %#n"an)&rkan pa(a b& &nt&k &nt&k %#n&'& '#2ara on (#%an(, %#n)#!a'kan pa(a b& t#ntan" k#b&t&$an n&tr' '#!a%a %#n&'&, %#%b#rkan t#rap pa(a b&, %#%b#rta$& %#%b#rta$& k#pa(a k#pa(a b& k&n)&n"an k&n)&n"an &!an"  %n""& %n""& !a"- Pa(a ka'&' N- I (t#%&kan ba$:a b& '&(a$ b#nar 'aat %#!ak&kan t#knk %#n&'&,  pa(a %&!&t ba t(ak a(a %on!a'', b& t#tap %#%b#rkan A+I pa(a p&tn" '&'& an" !#2#t (a!a% k#a(aan !&ka an" t(ak b#"t& 'akt, t#tap %#n"o!#' p&tn" '&'& (#n"an A+I '#b#!&% (an '#'&(a$ %#n&'&, %#%b#r'$kan p&tn" '&'& (#n"an %n % nak ak k# k#!ap !apaa ata& ata& ba bab b o!o!- #r( #r(a' a'ark arkan an t# t#or or (# (#n" n"an an pr prak akt tk k t(a t(ak k a( a(aa

51

 

k#'#n)an"an k#'#n )an"an,, t#tap p#n&!' t(ak %#%b#rkan %#%b#rkan p#n((kan p#n((kan t#ntan" p#ra:atan ba  bar& !a$r- >+ar:ono 009 * 13? 13? A'&$an an" (b#rkan k#pa(a pa'#n (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t o!#$ b(an ( PM P M NN- +t Fatona$ Fatona$ at& at& (b#rk (b#rkan an t#rap t#rap a%o2 a%o2! !n n ;00 %" 31 '#ba"a '#ba"a antbotk (ar "o!on"an p#n'!n an" &%&% ("&nakan &nt&k %#n"ata' b#rba"a n5#k' n5#k ' bakt#r (an para2#ta%o! ;00 %" 31 a(a!a$ obat ana!"#tk ana!"#tk (an antpr#tk  antpr#tk  an" ("&nakan &nt&k %#n"&ran" ra'a n#r (an %#r#(akan (#%a%- +#b#narna t#rap a%o2!!n (an para2#ta%o! t(ak p#r!& (b#rkan, $a! t#r'#b&t (b&ktkan  ba$:a p&tn" '&'& !#2#t (apat '#%b&$ '#n(r '#ktar 4 )a%E/a!&a' Dar #/a!&a' a'&$an k#b(anaan an" t#!a$ (b#rkan pa(a N- I '#!a%a 3 $ar ((a ((apa patk tkan an $a $a'! '! a an" n" op opt% t%a!, a!, ka kar# r#na na k# k#a( a(aan aan p& p&tn tn" " '&'& '&'& a an" n" !# !#2#t 2#t '&(a '&(a$ $ '#%b&$, '#rta b& (apat %#!ak&kan t#knk %#n&'& an" bak (an b#nar, b& )&"a  b#r'#(a %#n&'& bana '#'#rn" %&n"kn, $a! t#r'#b&t t#r(apat '#!'$ 1 $ar (a!a% p#n#%b&$an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t '#$n""a t(ak '#'&a (#n"an t#or +&ra( >011? p&tn" '&'& an" 'akt (apat ('tra$atkan &nt&k '#%#ntara :akt& k&ran" !#b$ 14 )a%, (an ba'ana akan '#%b&$ '#n(r '#ktar 4 )a%-

52

 

BAB V PENUTUP

A$ Si Si*/ */u ul% l%n n 1- P#n"ka)an an

Pa(a !an"ka$ n p#n&!' %a%p& %#!ak&kan p#n"ka)an (ata '&b)#kt5 (an (ata ob)#kt5 ob)#k t5 '#2ara %an(r%an(r- Pa(a p#n"ka)an '&b)#kt5 ((apatkan ((apatkan k#'#n)an"an k#'#n)an"an 'aat %#%b#r %#% b#rkan kan kon'#! kon'#!n" n" t#knk t#knk %#n& %#n&'& '& an" an" b#nar b#nar (tan( (tan(a a (#n"an (#n"an b& t(ak  t(ak  %#%a'&kkan %#%a'& kkan '#ba"an b#'ar ar#o!a ba"an ata' %a'&k k# %&!&t ba, (an b& t(ak  %#n"#rt %#n" #rt 2ara p#ra:atan p#ra:atan pa&(ara pa&(ara (tan(a (tan(a (#n"an (#n"an b& t(ak %#%b#r'$ka %#%b#r'$kan n p&tn" p&tn" (#n"an %#n""&nakan %nak Gat&n (an bab o!- Pa(a p#n"ka)an ob)#kt5 t(ak  ((apatkan k#'#n)an"an kar#na $a'! p#%#rk'aan 5'k '#'&a (#n"an n/o!&' 3 $ar  po't part&%- Int# Int#rp rpr# r#ta ta' ' (ata (ata P#n&! P#n &!'' %a%p& %a%p& %#n"n %#n"nt#rp t#rpr#ta r#ta'ka 'kan n (ata (ata %#n&r& %#n&r&tt (a"no (a"no'a 'a k#b(an k#b(anan, an, %a'a!a$, k#b&t&$an- Da"no'a an" (t#"akkan a(a!a$ P A0 &%&r 4 ta$&n 3 $ar  po't part&%- Ma'a!a$ an" %&n2&! pa(a ka'&' n a(a!a$ p&tn" '&'& !#2#t- Pa(a nt#rpr#ta' (ata t(ak t#r(apat k#'#n)an"an antara t#or (an praktk3- Da" Da"no no'a 'a pot pot#n #n' 'a! a! Pa(a ka'&' N- I t(ak (t#%&kan (a"no'a pot#n'a! kar#na t(ak a(a "#)a!a %a&p&n tan(a an" %#n"ara$ k# %a'tt' %a&p&n ab'#' pa&(ara- Pa(a (a"no'a  pot#n'a! t(ak a(a k#'#n)an"an antara t#or (an praktk4- Tn(ak n(akan an '# '#"# "#ra ra Ant'pa' Ant' pa' tn(akan '#"#ra pa(a ka'&' NN- I t(ak (!ak&kan (!ak&kan kar#na t(ak a(a (a"no'a pot#n'a! an" t#r)a(;- P#r#n2anaan P#n&!' %a%p& %#n&'&n p#r#n2anaan pa(a ka'&' p&tn" '&'& !#2#t t#r$a(ap  N- I '#'&a a'&$an %a'a n5a', t#tap p#n&!' t(ak %#%b#rkan p#n((kan  p#ra:atan ba bar& !a$r 

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- P#!a P#!ak k'ana 'anaan an P#n&!' %a%p& %#!ak'anakan a'&$an pa(a N- I (#n"an ka'&' p&tn" '&'& !#2#t '#'&a (#n"an p#r#n2anaan an" t#!a$ (b&at, t(ak a(a k#'#n)an"an t#or, t#tap p#n&!' t(ak %#%b#rkan p#n((kan t#ntan" p#ra:atan ba bar& !a$r=- E/a!&a' P#n&!' %a%p& %#!ak&kan a'&$an pa(a b& (#n"an p&tn" '&'& !#2#t an" (tan(a (#n"an '#%b&$ (a!a% p#nan"anan ka'&' p&tn" '&'& !#2#t (#n"an a'&$an 3 $arB$ S%'%n 1- (an

(an ($arapkan (apat %#nn"katkan %&t& p#!aanan an" bak '#$n""a (apat %#n2#"a$ t#r)a(na p&tn" '&'& !#2#t (#n"an %#%b#rkan %#%b#rkan p#n&!&$an p#n&!&$an pa(a b& n5a' (an b(an '#bakna t(ak %#%b#rkan t#rap obat tanpa n(ka' an" )#!a' %'a!na (#n"an %#n"a)arkan t#knk %#n&'& ata& t#rap para2#ta%o! ;00 %" 31 >10 tab!#t? (an a%o2!n ;00 %" 31 >10 tab!#t? '#ba"a antbotk (ar "o!on"an  p#n'!n an" &%&% ("&nakan &nt&k %#n"ata' b#rba"a n5#k' bakt#r (an  para2#ta%o! ;00 %" 31 a(a!a$ obat ana!"#tk (an antpr#tk antpr#t k an" ("&nakan &nt&k  %#n"&ran" ra'a n#r (an %#r#(akan (#%a%- M#n&r&t '&ra( >011? p&tn" '&'& an" 'akt (apat ('tra$atkan &nt&k '#%#ntara :akt& k&ran" !#b$ 14 )a%, (an  ba'ana akan '#%b&$ '#n(r '#ktar 4 )a%- In'tt&' In'tt&' In'tt& ' ($arapkan ($arapkan (apat

%#nn"katkan %#nn"katkan ko%p#t# ko%p#t#n' n' 2a!on b(an b(an (#n"an

a'&$an an" ko%pr#$#n'5 pa(a a'&$an %a'a n5a' (#n"an %a'a!a$ p&tn" '&'& !#2#t3- Pa'#n Pa'#n %a%p& %#n2ar n5or%a' t#ntan" t#knk %#n&'& %#n&'& an" b#nar (an (apat %#n#rapkan (a!a% k#$(&pan '#$ar.$ar 'aat %#n&'&-

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA 2k 2k!# !# , Lnnnn- 009 009-- &k& &k& A)ar )ar P# P#%# %#r rk' k'aa aan n F' F'k k (a (an n R:a R:a at K#'# K#'#$a $ata tan n at#' at#' E(' 8- 6akarta * EC obak, Ir#na-  Ir#na- 004- &k&  &k& A)ar K#p#ra:atan Mat#rnta'- 6akarta * EC Fra'#r, Dan#- M!#' T#t T#t ook For M(:/#'- 6akarta 6a karta * ECP&'(knak P&'(k nak#'#'- 014A' 014A'&$a &$an n K#b(a K#b(anan nan Po'tpa Po'tpart& rt&%%- 6akarta 6akarta * PU+DIK PU+DIKNAK NAKE+. E+.HO HO.. 6HPIEO Pra:ro$ar()o, Pra:ro$ar( )o, +ar:ono, (kk- 009009- &k& A2&an A2&an Na'ona! Na'ona! P#!aanan P#!aanan K#'#$atan Mat#rna! Mat#rna! (an N#onata!- 6akarta* 6 akarta* aa'an aa'an na P&'taka +ar:ono Pra:ro$ar()o
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