Laporan Akhir - Studi Independen - Taufik Maulana Tanjung - 1910631160148 - WEBSITE PENGENALAN BATIK (BATIKIND) (Gen-Z Application-Based)
July 23, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Download Laporan Akhir - Studi Independen - Taufik Maulana Tanjung - 1910631160148 - WEBSITE PENGENALAN BATIK (BATIKIND)...
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BDUN BD UNWDL WDL DF DFJ@ J@W W [SYC@ @LCIUILCI @LCIUILCIL L G IW[IW IW[IWS@H@FD S@H@FDS S Hnulcdt`nls nh D@ D @ dlc dlc B B`hi `hi [f`bb [f`bb s hnr Ai Ail-_ l-_ C` Nrg` Nrg` t Huturi Dkdcimy
C`doufdl ultuf mimiluj` pirsydrdtdl fibubusdl Urnardm M[@G MGFM
Nbij ? Sduh`f Mdubdld Mdubdld Sdloula / 40458;448543: 40458;448543:
UWNAWDM UWNAW DM [SYC@ SIFL@F IBIF IBIFSWN SWN YL@XIW[@SD[ [@LADUIWGDLA[D FDWDQDLA 7577
Bimgdr Uilaisdjdl Urnardm [tuc` Sifl`f Ibiftrn Yl`virs`tds [`ladpirgdlasd Fdrdwdla Qigs`ti Uilaildbdl Gdt`f (Gdt`f`lc) C` Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy
nbij ? Sduh`f Mdubdld Sdloula / 40458;448543:
c`situou` cdl c`sdjfdl sigdad` Bdpnrdl Mdadla dtdu [tuc` @lcipilcil Girsirt`h`fdt Fdmpus Mircifd
Fdrdwdla, 48 Oul` 7577 Uimg`mg`la Mdadla dtdu [tuc` @lcipilcil Urnardm [tuc` Sifl`f Ibiftrn Yl`virs`tds [`ladpirgdlasd Fdrdwdla
C`dl Gucj` [dltnsn [S., M.Ila. L@CL? 5575580457 5575580457
`
Bimgdr Uilaisdjdl Qigs`ti Uilaildbdl Gdt`f (Gdt`f@lc) C` Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy
nbij ? Sduh`f Mdubdld Sdloula / 40458;448543:
c`situou` cdl c`sdjfdl sigdad` Bdpnrdl Mdadla dtdu [tuc` @lcipilcil Girsirt`h`fdt Fdmpus Mircifd
Gdlcula, 48 Oul` 7577 D@ Kndkj
Hirldlcd Odludr Urdtdmd, [.Fnm L@U? 77575:3
``
Dgstrdfs`
Udcd prnyif dfj`r `l` c`rdlkdla nbij t`m ydla girdlaantdfdl 9 nrdla ciladl bdtdr gibdfdla prnardm stuc` ydla girgicd, mdfd c`pirbufdl firodsdmd sij`laad prnyif dfj`r `l` sibisd` cdl milodc` jdrdpdl fdm` ultuf tirus gir`lnvds`. Miladmg`b prnyif dfj`r ciladl timd Qigs`ti ‒Gdt`f@lc”. Mitnci ydla c`auldfdl sibdmd pirdlkdladl prnyif dfj`r `l` yd`tu ciladl piladmg`bdl cdtd sikdrd mdludb, dfu`s`s` cdtd, ifspbnrds` cdtd, mimgudt mncib drs`tiftur, ivdbuds`, cdl mildmp`bfdl jds`b pdcd Qigs`ti ‒Gdt`f@lc”, c` mdld ouad ouad c`auldfdl ciladl mncib dbanr`tjmd yd`tu Drt`h`k`db Liurdb Litwnrf cdl Knlvnbut`nldb Liurdb sij`laad cdbdm prnyif prnyif dfj`r `l` tircdpdt D@ Kjdtgnt cdl D@ @mdai Litwnrf, sij`laad Kbdss`h`kdt`nl, ydla c` mdld jds`b cdr` ivdbuds` prnardm tirsigut milyiltuj
dfurds` kufup gd`f yd`tu 5.:-5.0. Mdfd cdr` `tu c`jdrdpfdl Qigs`ti tirsigut cdpdt mimucdjfdl mdsydrdfdt sddt milaauldfdl Qigs`ti ‒Gdt`f@lc” ciladl cdpdt mimdsuffdl admgdr cdl pilaaulddl Kjdtgnt ultuf mimucdjfdl mdsydrdfdt dpdg`bd `la`l milkdr` tdju `lhnrmds` milaild` gdt`f @lcnlis`d mibdbu` fbds`h`fds` admgdr cdl pirkdfdpdl. @lnvds` ydla sucdj c`bdfufdl pdcd fibnmpnf fdm` `l`, c`jdrdpfdl cdpdt tirus girfimgdla ciladl tiflnbna` Drt`h`k`db @ltibb`ailki @ltibb`ailki cdl ciladl dcdlyd tiflnbna` tirsigut c`jdrdpfdl mdsydrdfdt mubd` milaimgdlafdl p`f`rdl ultuf turut gir`lnvds` gir`lnvds` ouad.
Fdtd fulk`? drt`h`k`db `ltibb`ailki, Qigs`ti, drt`h`k`db liurdb litwnrf, knlvnbut`nldb liurdb litwnrf, Kjdtgnt, kbdss`h`kdt`nl `mdai.
```
Fdtd Uiladltdr
Uuo` cdl syufur pilub`s pdlodtfdl fipdcd Sujdl Pdla Mdjd Isd dtds siadbd s iadbd rdjmdt cdl fdrul`dlyd sij`laad pilub`s pilub`s cdpdt milyibisd`fdl Bdpnrdl Bdpnrdl prnoikt dfj`r `l`. Uilub`sdl Bdpnrdl dfj`r `l` c`susul ultuf mimiluj` sdbdj sdtu pirsydrdtdl cdbdm milyibisd`fdl Urnardm Mdadla cdl [tuc` @lcipilcil Girsirt`h`fdt Udcd sdbdj sdtu m`trd M[@G yd`tu Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy. Cdbdm milyusul bdpnrdl dfj`r `l` pilub`s tiltu sdod gdlydf milimu` fisub`tdl cdl jdmgdtdl, titdp` girfdt gdltudl, g`mg`ladl, cdl lds`jdt, pilub`s cdpdt milyibisd`fdl bdpnrdl dfj`r `l` siusd` ciladl wdftu ydla tibdj c` tiltufdl. Nbij fdrild `tu pdcd fisimpdtdl fdb` `l`, pilub`s `la`l milydmpd`fdl ukdpdl tir`md fds`j ydla sigisdr-gisdrlyd fipdcd ? 4. @gu Yb`llujd Bdt`hd, [S., MS. sibdfu Fnnrc`ldtnr Urnardm [tuc` Sifl`f Ibiftrn Yl`virs`tds [`ladpirgdlasd Fdrdwdla. 7. Gdpdf C`dl Gucj` [dltnsn, [S., [S., M.Ila. sibdfu cnsil cnsil pimg`mg`la prnardm M[@G c` Yl`virs`tds [`ladpirgdlasd Fdrdwdla. ;. Kndkj Hirldlcd Odludr Urdtdmd, [.Fnm sibdfu miltnr cdbdm [tuc` @lcipilcil pdcd Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy. 3. Kndkj Hduzdl H`rcdus, [S., MS. sigdad` kndkj pimg`mg`la cdbdm pilyibisd`dl prnoikt dfj`r `l`. 9. Simdl cdl fibudrad mimgir` cufuladl cdbdm sit`dp bdlafdj sdmpd` milyibisd`fdl prnoikt dfj`r `l` sdmpd` sibisd`. Dfj`r fdtd, ciladl siadbd firilcdjdl jdt` pilub`s milaukdpfdl tir`md fds`j cdl simnad bdpnrdl `l` cdpdt girmdlhddt gda` pilub`s mdupul f`td girsdmd.
Fdrdwdla, 48 Oul` 7577
Sduh`f Mdubdld Sdloula
`v
Cdhtdr @s`
Bimgdr Uilaisdjdl
`
Bimgdr Uilaisdjdl
``
Dgstrdfs`
```
Fdtd Uiladltdr
`v v
Cdhtdr @s`
v``
Cdhtdr Sdgib
v```
Cdhtdr Admgdr Gdg @
Uilcdjubudl
4
4.4
Bdtdr gibdfdla
4
4.7
B`lafup
7
4.;
Suoudl
;
Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy
9
7.4
[truftur Nradl`sds`
9
7.7
B`lafup Uifiroddl
8
7.;
Cisfr`ps` Uifiroddl
1
7.3
Odcwdb Firod
:
Qigs`ti Uilaildbdl Gdt`f (GDS@F@LC)
0
;.4
Bdtdr Gibdfdla Urnyif Dfj`r
0
;.7
Urnsis Uibdfsdlddl Urnyif Dfj`r
Gdg @@
Gdg @@@
;.7.4 ;.; Gdg @X 3.4
Urnsis pilairoddl dpb`fds` dtdu Mncib D@
45 44
Jds`b Urnyif Dfj`r
7:
Uilutup
;4
Fis`mpubdl
;4
v
3.7
[drdl
;7
Gdg X
Wihirils`
;3
Gdg X@
Bdmp`rdl D. SNW
;9
Gdg X@@
Bdmp`rdl G. Bna Dkt`v`ty
;1
Gdg X@@@ Bdmp`rdl K. Cnfumil Sifl`f
34
:.4
D@ Urnoikt Kykbi
34
:.7
Urnh`b S`m cdl Cisfr`ps` Suads
95
:.;
Cisfr`ps` Dpb`fds`
95
v`
Cdhtdr Sdgib
:
Sdgib 7. 4 Dailcd Fibds Sdgib 8.4 Odcwdb Uibdfsdlddl
;8
Sdgib 1.4 Bna Dkt`v`ty
;1
Sdgib :.4 Uimgda`dl tuads t`m
95
Sdgib :.7 Ysir @ltirhdki
9;
v``
Cdhtdr Admgdr
Admgdr 7. 4 Bnan Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy
9
Admgdr 7. 7 [truftur Nradl`sds` NHD
8
Admgdr ;. 4 Sdmp`bdl Dwdb Dpb`fds`
47
Admgdr ;. 7 Dfu`s`s` Cdtdsit ciladl ciladl Hnrmdt .osnl c` X`sudb stuc`n knci
43
Admgdr ;. ; Uirdlkdladl Drs`tiftur Cdtd Cdtd Ixpbnrdt`nl Kjdtgnt c` X`sudb stuc`n 43
knci
Admgdr ;. 3 Uirdlkdladl Drs`tiftur Cdtd Ixpbnrdt`nl Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs
49
Admgdr ;. 9 Mncibb`la Kjdtgnt c` c` X`sudb stuc`n knci
49
Admgdr ;. 8 Mncibb`la Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs
48
Admgdr ;. 1 Jds`b Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs
41
Admgdr ;. : Jds`b Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs
41
Admgdr ;. 0 Admgdr X`sudb`sds` Dfurds` Mncib cdr` Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi 4:
Knbdgs
Admgdr ;. 45 Admgdr X`sudb`sds` Bnss Mncib cdr` Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` Annabi Knbdgs
4:
Admgdr ;. 44 Jds`b Hbnw Kjdrt Kjdtgnt c` Qig Gdt`f@lc Admgdr ;. 47 Jds`b Cipbnymil Cipbnymilt t Kjdtgnt c` Qig Gdt`f@lc
40 75
Admgdr ;. 4; Cdtdsit Gdt`f
7;
Admgdr ;. 43 Mncib KLL
73
Admgdr ;. 49 Jds`b Mncib
79
Admgdr ;. 48 Jds`b Srd`l`la Mncib
79
Admgdr ;. 41 Jds`b L`bd` Bnss Mncib
78
Admgdr ;. 4: Jds`b L`bd` Dfurds` Mncib
78
v```
Admgdr ;. 40 @lstdbb Ardc`n.Dpp
78
Admgdr ;. 75 @l`s`db`sds` ardc`n
78
Admgdr ;. 74 Hulas` pric`fs` admgdr
71
Admgdr ;. 77 Mildmp`bfdl `ltirhdki Fbds`h`fds` Admgdr
71
Admgdr ;. 7; Sdmp`bdl @ltirhdki
71
Admgdr ;. 73 Jds`b Uric`fs`
71
Admgdr ;. 79 Jdbdmdl Ytdmd Dpb`fds`
7:
Admgdr ;. 78 Jdbdmdl Kjdtgnt
7:
Admgdr ;. 71 Jdbdmdl Gdt`f Citikt`n Citikt`nl l
70
Admgdr ;. 7: Jds`b L`bd` Bnss Mncib
70
Admgdr ;. 70 Jds`b L`bd` Dfurds` Mncib
70
Admgdr :. 4 Bnan Fdaabi
37
Admgdr :. 7 Sdmp`bdl Dwdb Cdtdsit s
3;
Admgdr :. ; Sdmp`bdl Cdtdsit s ydla C`p`b`j
3;
Admgdr :. 3 Sdmp`bdl Cdtdsits Gdt`f
33
Admgdr :. 9 Cdtdsits kjdtgnt cdbdm hnrmdt .O[NL
33
Admgdr :. 8 Bdyir X`sudb [tuc`n Knci
39
Admgdr :. 1 Bdyir Annabi Knbdg Admgdr :. : Uimgudtdl mncib kjdtgnt
39 38
Admgdr :. 0 Sdmp`bdl dfurds` cdl mncib pdcd kjdtgnt
38
Admgdr :. 45 Sdmp`bdl dfurds` cdl mncib pdcd fbds`h`fds`
31
Admgdr :. 44 Jds`b Dfurds`
31
Admgdr :. 47 Ivdbuds` cdr` mncib kjdtgnt
31
Admgdr :. 4; Ivdbuds` cdr` mncib fbds`h`fds`
3:
Admgdr :. 43 Jds`b kjdtgnt Gdt`f@lc
30
`x
Admgdr :. 49 Jds`b fbds`h`fds` Admgdr Gdt`f@lc
30
Admgdr :. 48 Jds`b Fbds`h`fds` Admgdr
30
x
Gdg @ Uilcdjubudl
4.4 Bdtdr gibdfdla
Fdmpus Mircifd mirupdfdl fig`odfdl Miltir` Uilc`c`fdl cdl Figucdyddl, ydla girtuoudl milcnrnla mdjds`swd ultuf milaudsd` girgdad` fi`bmudl ydla g`sd c`p`b`j nbij mdjds`swd sisud` ciladl gdfdt cdl m`ldtlyd dadr milodc` gifdb mimdsuf` cul`d firod. Cdl Gircdsdrfdl Fiputusdl Miltir` Uilc`c`fdl cdl Figucdyddl W@ Lnmnr 13/U/7574 Siltdla Uiladfudl [dtudl Fric`t [imistir Uimgibdodrdl Urnardm Fdmpus Mircifd, fia`dtdl [tuc` @lcipilcil cdpdt c`dfu` ciladl gngnt [F[ mdfs`mdb 75 [F[.
Urnardm Mdadla cdl [tuc` @lcipilcil Girsirt`h`fdt (M[@G) dcdbdj sdbdj sdtu mitnci pimgibdodrdl, cdr` cibdpdl mitnci ydla c`kdldlafdl cdbdm Fig`odfdl Fdmpus Mircifd. Fig`odfdl `l` c`bulkurfdl cdbdm rdlafd mily`dpfdl mdjds`swd milajdcdp` pirugdjdl sns`db, gucdyd, cul`d firod cdl fimdoudl tiflnbna` ydla pisdt. Milurut C`riftur Oilcirdb Uilc`c`fdl S`laa` (C`roil C`ft`) L`zdm, prnardm M[@G `l` ultuf milyic`dfdl rudla gda` mdjds`swd ultuf milcdpdtfdl piladbdmdl cdbdm milaitdju` cul`d prnhis` cdl milk`ptdfdl tildad firod ydla prnhiss`nldb. M[@G dcdbdj sigudj pimgibdodrdl c` c` f fibds ibds ydla c`rdlkdla cdl c`gudt fjusus gircdsdrfdl tdltdladl lydtd ydla c`jdcdp` nbij m`trd/`lcustr`. Urnardm `l` g`sd girupd fursus s`lafdt, gnntkdmp, fursus cdr`la tirgufd sikdrd gisdr-gisdrdl (MNNK) cdl bd`l-bd`l. US. Nrg`t Xilturd @lcnlis`d mibdbu` prnardm Hnulcdt`nl nh D@ dlc B`hi turut girpdrt`s`pds` sigdad` m`trd fia`dtdl [tuc` @lcipilcil [f`bbs hnr Ail-_ turut 7577. Hnulcdt`nl nh D@ dlc B`hi [f`bbs hnr Ail-_ dcdbdj prnardm pibdt`jdl Drt`h`k`db @ltibb`ailki @ltibb`ailki (D@) cdr`la ydla girtuoudl ultuf mimpirfildbfdl
tiflnbna` cdl pirdlafdt D@ fipdcd pibdodr, sij`laad c`jdrdpfdl mirifd cdpdt milaimgdlafdl prncuf D@ ydla mim`b`f` cdmpdf sns`db. Urnardm `l` girhnfus pdcd fnmpnlil utdmd D@, sipirt` Cdtd [k`ilki (C[), Ldturdb Bdlaudai Urnkiss`la Urnkiss`la (LBU), cdl Knmputir X`s`nl (KX). [ibd`l fitirdmp`bdl
4
7
D@, pibdodr ouad dfdl milcdpdt b`hi sf`bbs ydla girmdlhddt ultuf milkdr` dtdu milk`ptdfdl bdpdladl firod. 4.7 B`lafup D. D@ Hnr Ail _ Mdjds`swd milcdpdtfdl mdtir` siputdr cul`d D@ Hnr Ail _ (dtdu (dtdu
ydla c`fildb ciladl cul`d ailirds` _). Mdjds`swd gibdodr gdad`mdld milodc` sinrdla ydla djb` cdbdm g`cdla tiflnbna` D@ ydla mubd` girfimgdla pdcd sddt `l`, sirtd milodc` `lc`v`cu ydla mim`b`f` snht sf`bb ydla c`gutujfdl cdbdm fij`cupdl girmdsydrdfdt ciladl titdp
mila`fut` pirfimgdladl tiflnbna`. G. Mdkj`li Bidrl`la Mdkj`li bidrl`la bidrl`la dcdbdj kdgdla cdr` `bmu fikircdsdl gudtdl ydla
girhnfus pdcd pimgdlauldl sigudj s`stim dadr mdmpu gibdodr cdr` cdtd-cdtd ydla c`pirnbijlyd. Milurut Drtjur [dmuib, Mdkj`li Bidrl`la dcdbdj g`cdla stuc` ydla mimpibdodr` fimdmpudl prnardm
fnmputir ultuf gibdodr tdlpd sikdrd ifspb`s`t c`prnardm. @mpbimiltds` cdr` Mdkj`li Bidrl`la `l` mimgutujfdl cdtd. Sdlpd dcdlyd cdtd Mdkj`li Bidrl`la t`cdf cdpdt gifirod. Cdtd ydla dcd ydla g`dsdlyd
c`gda` milodc` cud, yd`tu cdtd trd`l`la cdl cdtd tist`la. Cdtd trd`l`la c`auldfdl ultuf mibdt`j dbanr`tmd, sicdlafdl cdtd tist`la c`auldfdl ultuf milaitdju` pirhnrmd dbanr`tmd ydla tibdj c`bdt`j sigibumlyd fit`fd milimufdl cdtd gdru ydla gibum pirldj c`b`jdt. Mdjds`swd mdmpu mimpibdodr` cdl mimprdft`ffdl pimrnardmdl pytjnl fjususlyd pdcd pilirdpdl fikircdsdl gudtdl dtdu D@ mibdbu` prdft`f bdlasula cdl pilairoddl prnoikt . K. Bna`fd cdl Fnlsip Siflnbna` D@ Uimgibdodrdl tiltdla pirfimgdladl tiflnbna`, siodrdj Drt`h`k` Drt`h`k`db db @ltibb`ailki @ltibb`ai lki (D@) cdl pr`ls`p-pr`ls`p cdsdr D@ sirtd pilaildbdl mitnci-
mitnci ydla dcd pdcd Cnmd`l D@.
;
C. [`fbus Urnoif D@ Mirdlkdla cdl mila`mpbimiltds`fdl D@ Kykbi Urnoikt (mitncimitnci ydla dcd pdcd cnmd`l D@) cdbdm fij`cupdl sijdr`-jdr`. I. Knmputir X`s`nl Knmputir X`s`nl dcdbdj sigudj c`s`pb`l `bmu ydla mimpibdodr`
gdad`mdld mirifnlstrufs`, mila`ltripritds`fdl, cdl mimdjdm` sigudj tdmp`bdl ; c`mils` cdr` tdmp`bdl 7 c`mils`lyd cdbdm jdb s`hdt cdr` struftur tdmp`bdl ciladl
pimncibdl
cdl
tirsigut. Knmputir mil`ru
pilab`jdtdl
X`s`nl girfd`tdl
mdlus`d
ciladl
milaauldfdl pirdlafdt buldf cdl pirdlafdt firds pdcd fnmputir. Knmputir X`s`nl milaadgulafdl `bmu pilaitdjudl dbdm g`cdla
`bmu fnmputir, tifl`f ibiftrn, mdtimdt`fd, h`s`nbna`, g`nbna`, cdl `bmu fnal`t`h. C`pirbufdl `bmu cdr` simud g`cdla tirsigut ultuf mimdjdm` cdl mily`mubds`fdl pilanpirds`dl pilab`jdtdl mdlus`d. H. Uytjnl Uytjnl (gdjdsd pimrnardmdl) mirupdfdl gdjdsd pimrnardmdl
t`laa` ydla g`sd mibdfufdl ifsifus` sioumbdj `lstrufs` mubt` auld sikdrd bdlasula (`ltirpritdt`h ) ciladl mitnci Ngoikt Nr`iltic Urnardmm`la cdl ouad milaauldfdl simdlt`f c`ldm`s ultuf
mimgir`fdl t`lafdt fitirgdkddl syltdx.
4.; Suoudl Gir`fut mirupdfdl tuoudl sirtd jds`b ydla c`pirnbij sibdmd mila`fut` M[@G
c` NHD, 4. Mdmpu mila`cilt`h`fds` `su-`su ribivdl siputdr D@, m`sdblyd g`ds cdl it`fd D@. Mdmpu mimdjdm` fnlsip cdsdr D@ cdl t`ad cnmd`l D@ cdsdr yd`tu cdtd sk`ilki, ldturdb bdlaudai prnkiss`la cdl knmputir v`s`nl.
7. Mdmpu milaadb` big`j cdbdm fi cnmd`l D@ mibdbu` fia`dtdl-fia`dtdl c` Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy
cdl
milaimgdlafdl
fitirdmp`bdl
cdbdm
pilaumpubdl cdtd, pibdt`jdl mncib, cdl cdl mnc`h`fds` fnci sirtd ivdbuds`.
3
;. Cdpdt milaitdju` , milairt` cdl milaauldfdl snht sf`bbs cdl jdrcsf`bbs cdbdm fij`cupdl sijdr`-jdr`, cul`d `lcustr` cdl pirusdjddl. 3. Cdpdt milk`ptdfdl `lnvds` tiflnbna` c`a`tdb ultuf mimpirmucdj mdsydrdfdt cdbdm milkdr` `lhnrmds`. 9. Mimgdltu mimdoufdl gdlasd @lcnlis`d dadr t`cdf fdbdj sd`la ciladl tiflnbna` D@ liadrd ds`la. 8. Mimgdltu mdsydrdfdt bnfdb cdl mdsydrdfdt ds`la ultuf big`j mucdj milkdr` `lhnrmds` milaild` gdt`f @lcnlis`d ciladl milaauldfdl D@ mibdbu` s`stim ciip bidrl`la.
Gdg @@ Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy
7.4
[truftur Nradl`sds`
Admgdr 7. 4 Bnan Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy
Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy (NHD) c`c`r`fdl pdcd tdjul 7548 ciladl tuoudl ultuf mil`lafdtfdl fudb`tds j`cup mibdbu` `lnvds`, icufds`, cdl pibdt`jdl fitirdmp`bdl. Bdgib dtdu grdlc Nrg`t mirupdfdl fibdloutdl cdr` wdr`sdl milc`dla Urnh. Cr. @la. G. O. Jdg`g`i (pris`cil Wipugb`f @lcnlis`d fi-;) cdl `str`lyd, Cr. Jdsr` D`lul Jdg`g`i. Mirifd gircud tibdj milodc` pilaairdf cdbdm milcufula pirfimgdladl `lnvds` cdl tiflnbna` pilc`c`fdl c` @lcnlis`d. NHD milafurds` cdl mibnfdbfdl prnardm/fursus `ltirlds`nldb ` ltirlds`nldb ultuf upsf`bb`la dtdu risf`bb`la pimucd cdl tildad firod miluou pifiroddl mdsd cipdl. Jdb `l` sisud` ciladl sbnadl NHD, ydfl` ‒[f`bbs-hnr-Huturi-Ongs ”. ”.
X`s`?
Mimgir`fdl pimgibdodrdl girgds`s fitirdmp`bdl trdlshnrmdt`h tirgd`f ultuf pdrd pilkdr` firod & pilk`ptd bdpdladl firod.
M`s`?
4. Mimgdlaul odr`ladl Nrg`t Srdlshnrmdt`nl Kiltir (NSK) sikdrd lds`nldb ultuf milydmpd`fdl fur`fubum fitirdmp`bdl mdsd cipdl girgds`s sirt`h`fds` mibdbu` Ubdthnrm Fnltil C`a`tdb.
9
8
7. [ikdrd prndft`h gifirod ciladl pimir`ltdj & nradl`sds` ciladl milaugdj tildad firod mirifd dadr sisud` ciladl pirugdjdl pifiroddl ydla tirodc` fdrild @lcustr` 3.5. ;. Mibdt`j pimucd ciladl fitirdmp`bdl fiw`rdusdjddl & milknknffdl mirifd ciladl pibudla mdsd cipdl ydla mulkub c` girgdad` `lcustr`. 3. Milajugulafdl odr`ladl `lfugdtnr cdl dfsibirdtnr ydla c`furds` fi `lcustr`, `lvistnr, cdl ifns`stim stdrt-up abngdb.
[truftur nradl`sds` NHD cdpdt c`b`jdt pdcd Admgdr 7.7.
Admgdr 7. 7 [truftur Nradl`sds` NHD
7.7 B`lafup Uifiroddl
[inrdla hds`b`tdtnr dfdl milcdmp`la` furdla big`j 35 pisirtd M[@G (stucilt) cdbdm sdtu fibds. Sircdpdt cud oil`s hds`b`tdtnr, ydfl`? d. Jnmirnnm Kndkj Jnmirnnm kndkj girtuads milydmpd`fdl mdtir` tiltdla cdsdr-cdsdr D@,
mimgir`fdl pil`bd`dl pdcd stucilt, cdl miladrdjfdl stucilt sddt pilairoddl Urnyif Dfj`r (UD).
1
g. Cnmd`l Kndkj
Cnmd`l kndkj girtuads milydmpd`fdl mdtir` tiltdla cnmd`l D@ dtdu b`hi sf`bbs cdl mimgir`fdl pil`bd`dl pdcd stucilt. B`lafup pifiroddl stucilt
dcdbdj mila`fut` fibds girsdmd jnmirnnm dtdu cnmd`l kndkj, sisud` dailcd fibds, j`laad prnardm sibisd`.
7.; Cisfr`ps` Uifiroddl
Gir`fut dcdbdj cisfr`ps` pifiroddl stucilt sigibum pilairoddl UD? d. Mila`fut` pri-tist. g. Mila`fut` fibds sis` pda` pdcd pufub 5:.55 j`laad 44.;5 Q@G. k. Mila`fut` fibds sis` s`dla pdcd pufub 4;.55 j`laad 48.;5 Q@G. c. Milaubdla mdtir` ydla tibdj c`sdmpd`fdl c` fibds sis` pda` cdl s`dla, sitibdj fibds sis` s`dla, sibdmd 4 odm ( sibh-stucy ). i. Milairodfdl bdt`jdl `lc`v`cu dtdu fibnmpnf ydla c`gir`fdl nbij jnmirnnm dtdu cnmd`l kndkj sddt fibds girbdlasula. h. Milairodfdl tuads ydla c`gir`fdl jnmirnnm dtdu cnmd`l kndkj j`laad gdtds wdftu tirtiltu. a. Milairodfdl m`l` prnoikt ydla c`gir`fdl jnmirnnm dtdu cnmd`l kndkj j`laad gdtds wdftu tirtiltu j. Mila`fut` pnst-tist.
[tucilt mim`b`f` pirdl sigdad` Urnoikt Mdldair cdbdm pimgiltufdl Qigs`ti Gdt`f@lc sibdmd pilairoddl UD, ciladl cisfr`ps` pifiroddl sigdad` gir`fut? d. Milkdr` rihirils` ultuf prnyif dfj`r g. Fnnrc`lds` fipdcd timdl-timdl ultuf mubd` milkdr` cdtdsit k. Mimgdlaul milyibisd`fdl
fnmul`fds` mdsdbdj
dadr cdl
sdb`la
mibdfufdl
gdltu-mimgdltu
cdbdm
pimgda`dl
ultuf
tuads
pirilkdlddl ficipdl sddt pilairoddl prnyif dfj`r girbdlasula. c. Fnnrc`lds` cdbdm pibdfsdlddl g`mg`ladl fipdcd kndkj Nrg`t tirutdmd pdcd kndkj cnmd`l knmputir v`s`nl yd`tu kndkj Hirldlcd cdl Kndkj Hduzdl.
:
i. Mirdlkdla drs`tiftur kjdtgnt ciladl milaauldfdl drs`tiftur ydla girgicd milaauldfdl Annabi Knbdg cdl X`sudb [tuc`n Knci. h. Mimgudt bnan Gdt`f@lc
7.3 Odcwdb Firod
Urnardm `l` girbdlasula sit`dp jdr` firod ([il`l sdmpd` sd mpd` ciladl Oumdt) sibdmd : odm pir jdr`lyd, ciladl r`lk`dl sigdad` gir`fut? Sdgib 7. 4 Dailcd Fibds Uufub (Q@G)
Curds` (odm)
Dft`v`tds
5:.55 s.c. 44.;5
;.9
Fibds [is` Uda`
4;.55 s.c. 48.;5
;.9
Fibds [is` [`dla
48.;5 s.c. 41.;5
4
[ibh-[tucy
Urnardm `l` girbdlasula cdr` gubdl Higrudr` 7577 sdmpd` ciladl gubdl Oub` 7577.
Gdg @@@
Qigs`ti Uilaildbdl Gdt`f (GDS@F@LC)
;.4 Bdtdr Gibdfdla Urnyif Dfj`r
Fbds`h`fds` ngoif pdcd k`trd sikdrd umum dcdbdj mdsdbdj utdmd cdbdm Knmputir X`s`nl ydla siodf cdjubu c`kdr` snbus`lyd. Udcd sddt `l` t`cdf cdpdt c`pulaf`r` gdjwd pirfimgdladl tiflnbna` `lhnrmds` sdladt kipdt. [ibd`l pirfimgdladl jdrcwdri cdbdm mil`lafdtfdl pirhnrmd pirhnrmd fnmputir gdlydf pubd girfimgdla snhtwdri ydla mdmpu mil`ru fikircdsdl mdlus`d (fikircdsdl gudtdl). F`l` fnmputir c`tultut ultuf g`sd mimgudt mdlus`d cdbdm milyibisd`fdl pifiroddl ciladl big`j kipdt cdl cdbdm wdftu ydla s`lafdt. Ciladl girfimgdlalyd cul`d fnmputds` cdl ciladl simdf`l mil`lafdtlyd fdpds`tds cdl fikircdsdl prnsis fnmputir sddt `l` mulkub `bmu-`bmu fnmputds` ydla mimulaf`lfdl fnmputir cdpdt miladmg`b `lhnrmds` cdr` sudtu k`trd ultuf fipirbudl pilaildbdl ngoif sikdrd ntnmdt`s. @lcnlis`d mirupdfdl liadrd ydla fdyd dfdl gucdyd, tircdpdt girgdad` mdkdm gucdyd cdr` [dgdla sdmpd` Mirdufi. [dbdj sdtu lyd dcdbdj kirm`ldl gucdyd sikdrd s`mgnb`s c` @lcnlis`d yd`tu gdt`f, ydla sdmpd` sddt `l` tibdj c`dfu` cul`d. Gdjfdl cul`d mibdbu` YLI[KN tibdj miladfu` figirdcddl gdt`f sigdad` wdr`sdl gucdyd cul`d pdcd tdlaadb 7 Nftngir 7550 ciladl mimdsuffdl Gdt`f @lcnlis`d ficdbdm cdhtdr Wiprisiltdt`h sigdad` Gucdyd Sdf-Gilcd Qdr`sdl Mdlus`d ( Wiprisilt Wiprisiltdt`vi dt`vi B`st nh tji @ltdla`gbi Kubturdb Jir`tdai nh Jumdl`ty) V4]. Gdt`f mirupdfdl ifspris` gucdyd ydla mim`b`f` mdfld s`mgnb`s cdl l`bd` istit`fd ydla t`laa` gda` mdsydrdfdt @lcnlis`d V7].
Mncib girgds`s ciip bidrl`la tibdj milaulaaub` mitnci stdti-nh-tji-drt gdlydf cnmd`l tirmdsuf fbds`h`fds` admgdr cdl pilaildbdl ngoif V;]. [dbdj sdtu mncib ciip bidrl`la, knlvnbut`nldb liurdb litwnrf (KLL) V3], sddt `l` c`dlaadp sigdad` mncib fbds`h`fds` admgdr ydla pdb`la mutdfj`r fdrild c`auldfdl sigdad` struftur cdsdr nbij @B[XWK-7543 dtds girpristds` V9]. Nbij fdrild `tu KLL girpntils` ultuf mil`lafdtfdl jds`b pdcd mdsdbdj fbds`h`fds` k`trd bd`llyd sipirt` fbds`h`fds` Gdt`f.
0
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Girdadm mnt`h gdt`f c` @lcnlis`d milyub`tfdl cdbdm pilaildbdl pnbd k`trd gdt`f V8]. Cdbdm jdb `l` c`pirbufdllyd fbds`h`fds` k`trd dtdu admgdr ultuf mila`cilt`h`fds` fdrdftir`st`f admgdr, ciladl kdrd mibdfufdl fbds`h`fds` admgdr oil`s gdt`f `l` sdladt mimgdltu mdsydrdfdt @lcnlis`d mdupul mdsydrdfdt Budr Liair` ydla mds`j g`laula dfdl dlifd rdadm oil`s gdt`f c` @lcnlis`d. Fdrild S`cdf jdlyd c` @lcnlis`d, fitirtdr`fdl dfdl gdt`f ouad mirdmgdj cul`d `ltirlds`nldb. Gdlydf w`sdtdwdl mdlkdliadrd ydla cdtdla fi @lcnlis`d cdl sir`la milodc`fdl gdt`f sigdad` sdbdj sdtu gudj tdladl wdo`g ultuf c`gdwd fi liadrd dsdblyd. @lhnrmds` tiltdla rdadm oil`s gdt`f ydla dcd ouad turut c`kdr` nbij mdsydrdfdt. Misf`pul tibdj dcd updyd ultuf milaumpubfdl cdtd cdl `lhnrmds` tiltdla mnt`h gdt`f c` @lcnlis`d, titdp` girdadmlyd knrdf ydla dcd mimg mimgudt udt sigda`dl gisdr mdsydrdfdt dwdm mirdsd fisub`tdl cdbdm mimgicddl mnt`h-mnt`h ydla dcd. Fiul`fdl cdl cdyd tdr`f cdr` gdt`f girdsdb cdr` mnt`h ydla c`gir`fdl, ldmul figdlydfdl mdsydrdfdt t`cdf milaitdju` tiltdla girdadmlyd oil`s mnt`h gdt`f tirsigut V1]. Gigirdpd fd`l gdt`f ydla dcd ouad tirsusul dtds gigirdpd mnt`h ydla girgicd. [igdad` giltuf pibistdr`dl tirjdcdp fifdyddl gucdyd c` @lcnlis`d, sdladt pilt`la ultuf c`bdfufdllyd pilib`t`dl ydla girfd`tdl ciladl pilaimgdladl gdt`f `tu silc`r`. [dbdj sdtu updyd ultuf mibdfufdl pilaildbdl cdl fbds`h`fds` mnt`h gdt`f cdpdt c`bdfufdl dcdbdj ciladl mimgdlaul sigudj s`stim girgds`s fikircdsdl gudtdl ydla mdmpu milaildb` mnt`h gdt`f ydla dcd sij`laad cdpdt mimgir`fdl `lhnrmds` tirfd`t mnt`h gdt`f tirsigut. Ciladl dcdlyd Gdt`f@lc mdfd cdpt mimgdltu mdsydrdfdt cdbdm mibdfufdl fbds`h`fds` pdcd gdt`f ydla dfdl c`kdr`, gufdl jdlyd `tu, Gdt`f@lc mdmpu milodwdg pirtdlyddl milaild` piloibdsdl s`lafdt cdr` oil`s gdt`f ydla dcd c` @lcnlis`d. ;.7 Urnsis Uibdfsdlddl Urnyif Dfj`r
Uibdfsdlddl Suads Dfj`r ydla mirupdfdl fia`dtdl girfibnmpnf ydla c`sirdjfdl sipilujlyd sipilujlyd fipdcd fipdcd mdjds`swd ydla mila`fut` mila`fut` fia`dtdl M[@G `l` ciladl gdltudl kndkj ydla miladodr cdl Cnsil Uimg`mg`la. Dfdl titdp`
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tdjdpdl pibdfsdlddl tuads dfj`r ydla cdpdt c`odc`fdl picnmdl cdbdm pibdfsdlddl tuads dfj`r c`urd`fdl sigdad` gir`fut? ;.7.4 Urnsis pilairoddl dpb`fds` dtdu Mncib D@ D. Sdmp`bdl Ysir @ltirhdki Ysir `ltirhdki dcdbdj ultuf mildmp`bfdl gda`dl dltdrmufd cipdl
sigudj s`stim dadr mucdj c`auldfdl, ih`s`il, cdl g`sd mimgudt pilaauld mirdsd sildla sibdmd gir`ltirdfs` ciladl s`stim. Ciladl fdtd bd`l, Y@ pilt`la ultuf mimiluj` jdrdpdl pilaauld cdbdm cdbd m hulas`nldb`tds dpb`fds` dtdu Qigs`ti ydla ihift`h. [ipirt` mimgudt Qigs`ti pdcd umumlyd pilub`s c`s`l` mimgudt milaauldfdl gdjdsd pimrnardmdl sisud` ciladl figutujdl Qigs`ti. Gigirdpd gdjdsd pimrnardmdl ydla c`auldfdl cdbdm pimgudtdl wig ultuf usir `ltirhdki `ltirhdki `l` dcdbdj JSMB, K[[ c`mdld ? JSMB ( Jypirtixt Jypirtixt Mdrfup Bdlaudai Bdlaudai) •
JSMB dcdbdj fnci gdr`s cdsdr ydla g`sd jdrus c`auldfdl ultuf mimgudt
jdbdmdl
wig.
[`lafdtlyd
JSMB
Mirupdfdl
fumpubdl skr`pt ydla g`sd f`td auldfdl ultuf mimgudt jdbdmdl wig. Cdr` JSMB `l`, f`td g`sd mildmp`bfdl cdtd gd`f girupd tifs mdupul admgdr c` s`tus wig ydla f`td gudt.
Kdskdc`la [tybi [jiit (K[[) (K[[)
•
cdpdt milailcdb`fdl ufurdl admgdr, wdrld gncy tifs, wdrld K[[ cdpdt tdgib, ufurdl gnrcir, wdrld gnrcir, wdrld jypirb`lf , wdrld mnusi nvir, spds` dltdr pdrdardh, spds` dltdr tifs, mdra`l f`r`/fdldl/dtds/gdwdj, cdl pdrdmitir bd`llyd. K[[ dcdbdj gdjdsd stybi
sjiit
ydla
c`auldfdl
ultuf
miladtur
tdmp`bdl
cnfumilt. K[[ mimulaf`lfdl f`td ultuf mildmp`bfdl jdbdmdl ydla sdmd ciladl hnrmdt ydla girgicd. Yltuf tdmp`bdl dwdb cdr` dpb`fds` `l` tircdpdt gigirdpd milu dtdu p`b`jdl ydla g`sd c`oibdodj` nbij usir c`dltdrd lyd h`tur Kjdtgnt, @mdai Kbdss`h`kdt`nl , cdl Siltdla fdm`.
47
Admgdr ;. 4 Sdmp`bdl Dwdb Dpb`fds` C`mdld ultuf p`b`jdl Kjdtgnt usir g`sd milaauldfdl h`tur `l` ultuf girtdlyd fipdcd dpb`fds` milaild` firdo`ldl firdo`ldl tdladl gdt`f gdt`f @lcnlis`d, Yltuf p`b`jdl @mdai Kbdsss`h`kdt`nl Kbdsss`h`kdt`nl `l` dcdbdj h`tur ultuf mila`lputfdl admgdr gdt`f o`fdbdu usir `la`l `la`l milaitdju` `lhnrmds` milaild` gdt`f tirsigut, cdl ultuf p`b`jdl Siltdla Fdm` `tu dcdbdj `lhnrmds` milaild` pilub`s silc`r`, cdl pdcd gda`dl gdwdj dcd tnmgnb guttnl Uibdodr` Big`j Bdlout `tu dcdbdj ultuf dpdg`bd usir `la`l `la`l mimgdkd drt`fib milaild` firdo`ldl tdladl Gdt`f @lcnlis`d. Udcd dpb`fds` `l` pilub`s mimgudt Qigs`ti cdbdm systim ‒Kdrnusib” c`mdld ultuf `lhnrmds` drt`fib gdt`f bd`llyd pdcd dpb`fds` `l` usir jdlyd jdlyd t`laadb milaisir fifdldl dtdu fif`r` sb`ci jdbdmdl pdcd Qigs`ti tirsigut. G. LBU Kjdtgnt LBU ( Ldturdb Ldturdb Bdlaudai Bdlaudai Urnkiss`la Urnkiss`la) dcdbdj c`s`pb`l `bmu fnmputir ydla girtuoudl ultuf mimdjdm` fnlsip cdl mdfsuc cdr` gdjdsd mdlus`d. [imiltdrd mdlus`d kufup mdj`r mimdjdm` s`ltdfs b`lau`st`f cdl tdtd Gdjdsd sirtd juguladl pdrs`db tirs`rdt, fnmputir mim`b`f` fisub`tdl gisdr pilanbdjdl quiry gdjdsd dbdm` V:]. Nbij fdrild `tu ciladl mibdfufdl pilirdpdl LBU pdcd Kjdtgnt milodc`fdl s`stim pdcd Kjdtgnt cdpdt milairt` gdjdsd mdlus`d sij`laad cdpdt milodwdg pirtdlyddl ydla c`gir`fdl. Cdbdm mirdlkdla s`stim Kjdtgnt c`pirbufdl prnsis ydla
4;
c`pirbufdl dadr s`stim pdcd Kjdtgnt cdpdt cdpdt gifirod. Urnsis ydla c`bdfufdl `tu c`dltdrdlyd dcdbdj milkdr` `lput cdr` pilaumpubdl cdtd, priprnkis priprnkiss`la s`la, Mncibb`la Mncibb`l a, cdl nutput .
mirupdfdl rngnt ydla mdmpu mimgir`fdl rispnl mibdbu` Kjdtgnt mirupdfdl pirkdfdpdl tub`sdl cdl mirupdfdl k`trd cdr` `lnvds` tiflnbna` c`a`tdb, gircdsdrfdl Kjdtgnt ydla tibdj c` gudt. Kjdtgnt mirupdfdl sdbdj sdtu mitnci mdkj`li bidrl`la / Drt`h`k`db @ltibb`ailki ydla cdpdt c`auldfdl ultuf milkdr` `lhnrmds` mibdbu` pirkdfdpdl ciladl tdlaadpdl cdr` rngnt, sisud` pir`ltdj ydla c`mdsuffdl pdcd prnardm ydla c`rdlkdla cdl jdlyd cdpdt milodwdg gigirdpd pirtdlyddl. 4. Mitnci d. Cdtdsit
Uilaumpubdl cdtd c`bdfufdl ciladl milkdr` cdtdsit mibdbu` drt`fib-drt`fib ydla tirsic`d c` grnwsir . C`fdrildfdl cdtdsit ydla ydla c`pirbufdl jdlyd gircdsdrfdl cdr` pirtdlyddl-pirtdlyddl ydla sucdj c`gudt ydla jdlyd milaild` `lhnrmds` tiltdla gdt`f-gdt`f ydla dcd c` @lcnlis`d. Cdl milcdpdtfdl 75 drt`fib cdr` t`dp-t`dp 75 oil`s gdt`f. g. Cdtd Dkqu`s`t`nl Dkqu`s`t`nl [itibdj mibdfufdl dfu`s`s` cdtd, fimuc`dl cdtd c`fibnbd mibdbu` snhtwdri X`sudb stuc`n knci ciladl hnrmdt .O[NL ( Odvd[kr` Odvd[kr`pt pt Ngoikt Lntdt`nl). Cdbdm pirdlkdladl cdtd ydla dfdl c`fibnbd c`
`ltilts.osnl milaauldfdl milaauldfdl drs`tiftur pirdlkdladl sipirt` gir`fut ?
@ltilts? fumpubdl simud cdtd `lput cdl nutput ydla
•
c`auldfdl ultuf mibdt`j Kjdtgnt.
Udttirls? `lputdl cdhtdr pirtdlyddl ydla mulaf`l c`doufdl
•
nbij pibdlaadl.
Wispnlsis Wispnlsis?? odwdgdl ydla c`gir`fdl nbij Kjdtgnt tirjdcdp
•
pirtdlyddl.
43
Sda? milaibnmpnffdl cdtd tifs ydla sirupd cdl
•
milaauldfdl ydla sdmd sigdad` fibudrdl ydla c`tdraitfdl ultuf mibdt`j odr`ladl liurdb.
Admgdr ;. 7 Dfu`s`s` Cdtdsit ciladl ciladl Hnrmdt .osnl c` X`sudb stuc`n knci knci k. Cdtd Ixpbnrdt`nl Ixpbnrdt`nl
Sdjdp gir`futlyd dcdbdj priprnki priprnkiss`la ss`la ydla mirupdfdl drs`tiftur ifspbnrds` cdtd cdbdm Kjdtgnt `l` `l` ydla milaauldfdl tnfil`zir cdl cdl bimmdt`zdt`nl. Udcd tdjdp `l` c`bdfufdl ciladl 7 mitnci ultuf
pirdlkdladllyd yd`tu c`bdfufdl mibdbu` Annabi Knbdgs cdl v`sudb stuc`n knci.
Admgdr ;. ;. ; Uirdlkdladl Drs`tiftur Cdtd Ixpbnrdt`n c` Ixpbnrdt`nl l Kjdtgnt c` X`sudb stuc`n knci
49
Admgdr ;. 3 Uirdlkdladl Drs`tiftur Cdtd Ixpbnrdt`nl Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs
Udcd tdjdp tirsigut tircdpdt prnsis Snfil`zdt`nl mirupdfdl prnsis c`mdld tifs str`la c`ugdj milodc` cdhtdr tnfil. Cdl tircdpdt cud ydla c`auldfdl ultuf milkdr` cdhtdr tnfil yd`tu wnrcs tnfil`zir ydla fdtd cdbdm str`la. Bdbu ouad c`bdfufdl stim yd`tu ultuf miladjdpus fdtd-fdtd ydla t`cdf c`pirbufdl dadr pdcd gnt milaibudrfdl jds`b odwdgdl ciladl fdtd-fdtd ydla sisud` cdl rdp`j.
c. Mncibb`l Mncibb`la a
Sdjdp sibdloutlyd dcdbdj drs`tiftur Mncibb` Mncibb`la la cdbdm Kjdtgnt `l` ydla milaauldfdl Liurdb Litwnrf (LL) dtdu c`sigut ouad ciladl Drt`h`k`db Liurdb Litwnrfs Litwnrfs (DLL). Udcd tdjdp Mncibb` Mncibb`la la `l`
c`bdfufdl ciladl milaauldfdl cud mitnci yd`tu pirdlkdladl Mncibb`la Mncibb`l a mibdbu` Annabi Knbdgs cdl mibdbu` v`sudb stuc`n knci.
Cdl tiltulyd pdcd pirdlkdladl `l` tircdpdt pirgicddl cdr` `s` pirdlkdladl drs`tiftur Mncibb`l Mncibb`la a cdr` Kjdtgnt Gdt`f@lc.
Admgdr ;. 9 Mncibb`l c` X`sudb stuc`n knci Mncibb`la a Kjdtgnt c`
48
Admgdr ;. 8 Mncibb`l c` Annabi Knbdgs Mncibb`la a Kjdtgnt c`
Cdbdm pirdlkdladl mncib c` dtds f`td milaauldfdl Liurdb Litwnrf yd`tu npt`m`zir hulkt`nl cdl bnss hulkt`nl ydla c` mdld
hulas`lyd dcdbdj ultuf milyisud`fdl g`ds cdr` mncib cdl milaufur/milafdbfubds` cdr` Mncibb`l Mncibb`la a tirsigut. Bdbu ouad tircdpdt dkt`vdt`nl hulkt`nl yd`tu pilaaulddl snhtmdx ydla c` mdld hulas`lyd dcdbdj milaj`tula prngdg`b`tds cdr` sit`dp fibds tdrait ciladl riltdla l`bd` cdr` 5 j`laad` 4. i. Ivdbuds` Fimuc`dl c`bdfufdl tdjdpdl Knmp`bi mncib cdl H`tt`la mncib. Milaauldfdl Bnss hulkt`nl yd`tu Kdtianr`kdb krnssiltrnpy, Npt`m`zir. [ibdloutlyd mib`jdt jds`b cdr` trd`l mncib ydla tibdj
c`gudt ciladl mib`jdt l`bd` dkkurdky ydla c`jds`bfdl mibdbu` mibdbu` mitr`ks dkkurdky ciladl ipnkjs trd`l`la cdtd `tu 755. Milajds`bfdl trd`l`la cdtd sigdad` gir`fut?
41
Admgdr ;. 1 Jds`b Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs Jds`b dkkurdky dfj`r cdr` pirdlkdladl Kjdtgnt `l` `l` yd`tu 4.555 ydla mdld sucdj milcdpdtfdl dfurds` ydla sdladt gd`f . Bnss hulkt`nl ydla c`jds`bfdl ouad sucdj milccifdt` lnb (5) ydla girdrt` jdmp`r milcifdt` sdladt gd`f. Jds`b cdr` mncib`la Kjdtgnt ydla c`gudt c`bdfufdl pilauo`dl cdbdm milodwdg sipirt` pdcd admgdr?
Admgdr ;. : Jds`b Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs Cdr` admgdr c` dtds g`sd c`b`jdt jds`b cdr` ivdbuds` pdcd drs`tiftur Kjdtgnt , yd`tu s`stim pdcd Kjdtgnt cdpdt mimgir`fdl rispnl sisud` cdr` cdtdsit ydla sucdj c`rdlkdla pdcd h`bi `ltltits.osnl sij`laad gnt pdcd s`stim `l` cdpdt c`cipbny pdcd jtmb.
4:
Mncib ydla tibdj c` trd`l`la `l` cdpdt c` admgdrfdl ficdbdm v`sudb`sds` sigdad` gir`fut?
Admgdr ;. 0 Admgdr X`sudb`sds` Dfurds` Mncib cdr` Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs
Admgdr ;. 45 Admgdr X`sudb`sds` Bnss Mncib cdr` Ivdbuds` Kjdtgnt c` c` Annabi Knbdgs
Cdr` admgdr ardh`f c` dtds g`sd f`td b`jdt ficudlyd yd`tu ardh`f dfurds` cdl ardh`f bnss mim`b`f` adr`s ardh`f ydla sdladt gd`f, c` mdld jdlyd miladbdm` sic`f`t fit`cdfstdg`bdl c` dwdb sddt prnsis pirj`tuladl mncib girbdlasula.
40
h. Hbnw Kjdrt
Admgdr ;. 44 Jds`b Hbnw Kjdrt Kjdtgnt c` c` Qig Gdt`f@lc a. Cipbnymil Cipbnymiltt
Udcd prnsis Cipbnymilt Kjdtgnt c`auldfdl c`auldfdl pirdlkdladl drs`tiftur mibdbu` v`sudb stuc`n knci, c`fdrildfdl pirdlkdladl `l` tircdpdt filcdbd pdcd sddt Cipbnymilt milaauldfdl pirdlkdladl cdr` Annabi Knbdgs, mdfd fibnmpnf fdm` mirdlkdla 7 mitnci
milaauldfdl Annabi Knbdgs cdl v`sudb stuc`n knci. Mdfd cdr` `tu Cipbnymilt ydla c`bdfufdl milaauldfdl jds`b pirdlkdladl cdr` Cipbnymilt v`sudb stuc`n knci ciladl milaauldfdl hrdmiwnrf hbdsf ultuf
milodbdlfdl Kjdtgnt Gdt`f@lc. Gdt`f@lc. Jds`b cdr` Cipbnymil Gdt`f@lc pdcd wig JSMB ? Cipbnymilt t Kjdtgnt Gdt`f@lc
75
Admgdr ;. 47 Jds`b Cipbnymil c` Qig Gdt`f@lc Cipbnymilt t Kjdtgnt c` 7. Dbanr`tmd Uimrnardmdl
Dbanr`tjmd ydla c`auldfdl pdcd pirdlkdladl drs`tiftur Kjdtgnt dcdbdj DLL ( Drt`h`k`db Drt`h`k`db Liurdb Litwnrf ) c` mdld pdcd pirdlkdladl milaauldfdl s`stim tiflnbna` mdkj`li bidrl`la dadr mimgir`fdl jds`b ydla gdaus. Bdbu Jypirmitir ydla c`auldfdl pdcd pirdlkdladl drs`tiftur Kjdtgnt dcdbdj ‒pirsnl”, ‒Filcdb”, cdl ‒spidrmdl”. Cdl jds`b cdr` pirdlkdladl `l` tirb`jdt mdfs`mdb fdrild pdcd prnsis ivdbuds` milyiltuj dfurds 4 cdl bnss 5.57, ydla `tu mirupdfdl jds`b ydla gd`f.
;. Jdmgdtdl ydla Sirodc` [ibdmd Uirdlkdladl Drs`tiftur Kjdtgnt Kjdtgnt
d. Uilaumpubdl Cdtd [ibdmd pilaumpubdl cdtd tircdpdt gigirdpd jdmgdtdl yd`tu pdcd sddt pilkdr`dl cdtd mibdbu` mibdb u` Fdaabi, ydla tirlydtd jdlyd sic`f`t cdl t`cdf sisud` ydla c`jdrdpfdl. [ij`laad pilkdr`dl cdtd mibdbu` drt`fib-drt`fib gircdsdrfdl cdr` pirtdlyddl ydla sucdj c`gudt milyisud`fdl ciladl 75 oil`s gdt`f, cdl pilkdr`dl cdtd tirsigut mibdbu` drt`fib ouad tirfilcdbd, c`fdrildfdl mds`j dcd drt`fib ydla t`cdf mimgdjds pilairt`dl gdt`f ydla c`kdr`. g. Urnsis Knc`la Urnsis `l` ouad tircdpdt jdmgdtdl, jdb `l` tirodc` c`fdrildfdl yd`tu pirbulyd prnsis pirdlkdladl drs`tiftur ydla tib`t` ti b`t` cdbdm knc`ladl
74
ydla sisud` ciladl cdtdsit , dadr cdtdsit cdpdt c`prnsis cdl mimgir`fdl nutput . k. Urnsis Cipbnymilt Udcd prnsis `l` tircdpdt filcdbd yd`tu sddt mil- cipbny pdcd pirdlkdladl drs`tiftur c` Annabi Knbdgs. C`fdrildfdl Kjdtgnt `l` `l` dfdl c`-cipbny pdcd Qigs`ti sij`laad pirbulyd hrdmiwnrf ydla sisud` dadr cipbny cdpdt girodbdl bdlkdr, fdrild pdcd pirdlkdladl c` Annabi Knbdgs fibnmpnf fdm` t`cdf milimufdl hrdmiwnrf ydla sisud`, sij`laad tirfilcdbd pdcd prnsis Cipbnymilt. 3. [nbus` ultuf Miladtds` Jdmgdtdl
[nbus` ydla c`bdfufdl pdcd jdmgdtdl dcdbdj ciladl gifirodsdmd gifiro dsdmd ultuf sdb`la mimgdltu sdtu sdmd bd`l, yd`tu sipirt` knltnjlyd sddt pilkdr`dl cdtdsit f`td milkdr` girsdmd-sdmd, bdbu sddt prnsis knc`la cdl
milkdr` knc`la-dl ydla sisud` c` Qigs`ti Fdaabi cdl ouad Cipbnymilt Cipbnymi lt milkdr` cdr` tutnr`db c` Pnutugi. K. KX @mdai Kbdss`h`kdt`nl Kbdss`h`kdt`nl
KX (Knmputir X`s`nl) mirupdfdl sdbdj sdtu gda`dl cdr` Drt`h`k` Drt`h`k`db db @ltibb`ailki @ltibb`ai lki. Knmputir X`s`nl mirupdfdl sdbdj sdtu tiflnbna` ydla
mimulaf`lfdl fnmputir ultuf mib`jdt cdl milaildb` ngoif ydla dcd c` sif`tdrlyd bdydflyd mdlus`d. Cdbdm pirfimgdladl tiflnbna` ydla simdf`l pisdt, Knmputir X`s`nl milodc` sdbdj sdtu tiflnbna` gdru ydla c`mdlhddtfdl ultuf c`fnmg`lds`fdl ciladl Cdtd [k`ilki ciladl gdltudl Ciip Bidrl`la. Knmputir X`s`nl dfdl mimikdj admgdr ydla dcd milodc` gdlydf
gda`dl-gda`dl ydla girgicd. Odr`ladl liutrnl dfdl mila`cilt`h`fds` sit`dp gda`dl-gda`dl ydla dcd, gdrubdj fimuc`dl milaadgulafdllyd milaadgulafdllyd milodc` sdtu gda`dl ydla utuj. [ikdrd ntnmdt`s fnmputir dfdl mibdgib` admgdr tirsigut. @tubdj miladpd simdf`l gdlydf cdtd ydla c`odc`fdl gdjdl pimgibdodrdl nbij fnmputir, fimdmpudl ultuf mimpric`fs` admgdr tirsigut sikdrd gildr ouad dfdl mil`lafdt. Fnmputir dfdl mimdlhddtfdl dbanr`tmd ydla mdmpu ultuf miladldb`s`s wdrld, giltuf, odrdf dltdr
77
ngoif, cdl sitiruslyd j`laad fnmputir mdmpu mibdgib` siburuj ngoif sigdad` gilcd tirtiltu. Fbds`h`fds` admgdr mirupdfdl fbds`h`fds` sigudj k`trd, gircdsdrfdl fbds`h`fds` ydla tibdj c` gudt. Fbds`h`fds` admgdr mirupdfdl sdbdj sdtu mitnci mdkj`li bidrl`la / Drt`h`k`db @ltibb`ailki ydla cdpdt c`auldfdl ultuf milcitifs` sigudj admgdr ciladl kipdt. mirupdfdl sdbdj sdtu oil`s dbanr`tmd Knlvnbut`nldb Liurdb Litwnrf mirupdfdl Ciip Bidrl`la ydla cdpdt milir`md `lput girupd admgdr, mililtufdl
dspif dtdu ngyif dpd sdod cdbdm sigudj admgdr ydla g`sd c`auldfdl mis`l ultuf ‒gibdodr” milaildb` admgdr, cdl mimgicdfdl dltdrd sdtu admgdr ciladl ydla bd`llyd. Drs`tiftur KLL KLL tirg`bdla m`r`p ciladl pnbd fnlifs` liurnl dtdu sib sdrdh cdbdm ntdf mdlus`d. KLL tir`lsp`rds` cdr` X`sudb Knrtix, yd`tu gda`dl pdcd ntdf ydla girtuads ultuf mimrnsis `lhnrmds` cdbdm giltuf v`sudb. Ciladl drs`tiftur sipirt` `tu, KLL cdpdt c`bdt`j ultuf mimdjdm` citd`b sigudj admgdr ciladl big`j gd`f. Ciladl gia`tu, KLL cdpdt mildlafdp cipilcils` [pds`db cdl Simpnrdb cdbdm sigudj admgdr sitibdj fdmu mimgir`fdl h`btir ydla ribivdl. Gircdsdrfdl pilairt`dl c`dtds, cdbdm pilib`t`dl `l` fdm` mimgudt [`stim
Fbds`h`fds`
Oil`s
Gdt`f
milaauldfdl
Dbanr`tmd
KLL
(Knlvnbut`nldb Liurdb Litwnrf ) ydla mdmpu milajds`bfdl l`bd` dfurds` ydla gd`f. 4. Mitnci
d. Cdtdsit Cdtdsit ydla c`auldfdl cdbdm pilib`t`dl `l` dcdbdj cdtd k`trd gdt`f
ydla giroumbdj 08; cdtd ciladl 75 oil`s gdt`f cdl sit`dp fdtianr` tircdpdt 95 cdtd. Gir`fut gigirdpd knltnj cdtdsit , cdpdt c`b`jdt pdcd Admgdr ;.4;.
7;
Admgdr ;. 4; Cdtdsit Gdt`f Gdt`f g. Dbanr`tmd Uimrnardmdl Knlvnbut`nldb Liurdb Litwnrf (KLL) mirupdfdl sdbdj sdtu mitnci Ciip Bidrl`la cdl pilaimgdladl cdr` Mubt`bdyi Mubt`bdyirr Uirkiptrnl (MBU)
ydla c`cisd`l ultuf milanbdj cdtd cud c`mils`, sij`laad gngnt dltdr liurnl girgicd. Mncib stdlcdr cdr` KLL tirc`r` cdr`?
Knlvnbut`nldb Bdyir Bdyir
•
Urnsis utdmd KLL dcdbdj fnlvnbus`. Fnlvnbus` mirupdfdl piladpb`fds`dl hulas` tirjdcdp nutput hulas` bd`l sikdrd girubdla.
Knlvnbut`nldb
bdyir ydla
mibdfufdl
npirds`
fnlvnbus` pdcd nutput cdr` bdyir sigibumlyd. [it`dp bdp`sdl ydla c`fnlvnbus` dfdl milafnlvirs` sit`dp h`btir fi gda`dl cdtd mdsufdl cdl mdsufdl tirsigut dfdl milajds`bfdl dkt`vdt`nl mdp dtdu hidturi mdp 7C.
Unnb`la Bdyir Bdyir
•
Sdjdp pnnb`la bdyir mirupdfdl tdjdpdl sitibdj knlvnbut`nldb ydla mirupdfdl pilaufurdl mdtr`fs ydla tirc`r` cdr` h`btir bdyir ydla ciladl ufurdl str`ci tirtiltu. [it`dp dcdlyd piraisirdl dfdl c`tiltufdl nbij oumbdj cdr` str`ci ydla c`aisir pdcd drid hidturi mdp dtdu dkt`vdt`nl mdp. Uilaaulddl hulas` hidturi mdp pdcd pnnb`la bdyir mirupdfdl tdjdpdl ydla pilt`la
cdbdm
73
pimgudtdl mncib KLL. Giltuf cdr` bdp`sdl pnnb`la pdb`la umum
ciladl
milaauldfdl h`btir girufurdl 7x7 ydla
c`dpb`fds`fdl ciladl bdlafdj sigdlydf 7 cdl fimuc`dl girnpirds` pdcd sit`dp `r`sdl cdr` `lput.
Hubby Knlliktic Bdyir
•
Sdjdp hubby knlliktic bdyir `l`
g`dsd
c`auldfdl
ultuf
milanbdj cdtd, sij`laad cdtd tirsigut cdpdt c`fbds`h`fds`fdl. c`fbds`h `fds`fdl. Nutput ydla c`jds`bfdl cdr` tdjdp pnnb`la dfdl c`prnsis
mibdbu` ‒hbdttil” ‒hbdttil” dtdu risjdpi ydla fimuc`dl milajds`bfdl sigudj viftnr ydla dfdl c`auldfdl sigdad` `lputdl pdcd tdjdp hubby knlliktic knlliktic bdyir .
Dcdpul mncib ydla f`td auldfdl cdbdm pilib`t`dl g`sd c`b`jdt pdcd Admgdr ;.43.
Admgdr ;. 43 Mncib KLL
7. Jds`b cdl Uimgdjdsdl
Ifstrdfs` cdl pimncibdl
•
Udcd prnsis `l` c`bdfufdl pililtudl l`bd` h`btir, firlib, hulas` dft`vds` ydla c`auldfdl pdcd tdjdp ifstrdfs` cdl pimncibdl. Jds`b ydla c`pirnbij cdr` tdjdp `l` cdpdt c`b`jdt pdcd Admgdr ;.49.
79
Admgdr ;. 49 Jds`b Mncib
Jds`b Srd`l`la Mncib
•
[itibdj mibdbu` gigirdpd prnsis cdbdm dbanr`tmd Knlvnbut`nldb (KLL) c`cdpdtfdl jds`b trd`l`la cdl vdb`cdt`nl. Liurdb Litwnrf (KLL) Urnsis `l` milaauldfdl oumbdj 45 ipnkj. Gir`fut jds`b trd`l`la mncib pilib`t`dl fdm` g`sd c`b`jdt pdcd Admgdr ;.48.
Admgdr ;. 48 Jds`b Srd`l`la Mncib Udcd admgdr ;.48 Miloibdsfdl jds`b
trd`l`la
mncib ciladl
mimpirnbij trd`l dkkurdky tirt`laa` yd`tu 03% cdl vdb`cdt`nl dkkurdky 09%. L`bd` bnss cdl l`bd` dkkurdky cdpdt c`b`jdt pdcd Admgdr ;.41 cdl Admgdr ;.4:
78
Admgdr ;. 41 Jds`b L`bd` Bnss Mncib
Admgdr ;. 4: Jds`b L`bd` Dfurds` Mncib ;. Cipbnymilt
Udcd
prnardm
fbds`h`fds`
admgdr
`l`
c`-cipbny
milaauldfdl
Ardc`n.Dpp ydla c`mdld Ardc`n dcdbdj dltdrmufd wig ydla r`ladl cdl fudt ultuf mimgudt cimn Mdkj`li Bidrl`la.
Admgdr ;. 40 @lstdbb Ardc`n.Dpp Udcd Admgdr ;.40 mirupdfdl knci ultuf `lstdbb ardc`n c` cdbdm prnardm ydla tibdj c`gudt.
Admgdr ;. 75 @l`s`db`sds` ardc`n Udcd Admgdr ;.75 mirupdfdl knci `l`s`db`sds` ardc`n ydla cdpdt mimpirmucdj f`td cdbdm pimdlaa`bdl ardc`n `tu silc`r`.
71
Admgdr ;. 74 Hulas` pric`fs` admgdr Udcd Admgdr ;.74 Mirupdfdl hulas` pric`fs` pdcd admgdr yd`tu milaugdj ufurdl admgdr ydla dfdl c` pric`fs` cdl dfdl milajds`bfdl jds`b cdr` admgdr ydla c` pric`fs` yd`tu girupd ldmd kbdss.
Admgdr ;. 77 Mildmp`bfdl `ltirhdki Fbds`h`fds` Admgdr Udcd Admgdr ;.77 Mirupdfdl knci ydla c`mdld milcih`l`s`fdl ufurdl admgdr ydla jdrus c` `lput cdl mililtufdl girdpd bdgib ydla dfdl fibudr pdcd nutput lyd, sirtd mildmp`bfdl `ltirhdki cdr` fbds`h`fds` admgdr ydla f`td gudt.
Admgdr ;. 7; Sdmp`bdl @ltirhdki
Admgdr ;. 73 Jds`b Uric`fs`
7:
;.; Jds`b Urnyif Dfj`r
Gdt`f@lc dcdbdj sigudj dpb`fds` pilaildbdl gdt`f girgds`s wig. Dpb`fds` `l` c`tuoufdl ultuf nrdla nrdla ydla furdla milaildb gucdyd gdt`f @lcnlis`d tirutdmd tnur`st tnur`st ydla girfuloula fi @lcnlis`d. Dpb`fds` `l` cdpdt milodwdg pirtdlyddl pirtdlyddl usir milaild` Gdt`f @lcnlis`d, cdl ouad cdpdt milafbds`h`fds` Admgdr ydla c` `lput nbij usir cdl cdl dfdl milcdpdtfdl nutput cdr` prnsis fbds`h`fds` admgdr ciladl Dbanr`tmd KLL. Dpb`fds` Gdt`f@lc `l` milaauldfdl Mdkj`li Bidrl`la pdcd Kjdtgnt ciladl mncib Liurdb Litwnrf , sicdlafdl ultuf fbds`h`fds` admgdr milaauldfdl Ciip Bidrl`la Bidrl`la ciladl mncib Knlvnbut`nldb Liurdb Litwnrf. Gir`fut gigirdpd jdb milaild` dpb`fds` Gdt`f@lc ? d. Jdbdmdl Ytdmd Jdbdmdl utdmd `l` mirupdfdl tdmp`bdl dwdb pdcd sddt mimgufd dpb`fds`.
Admgdr ;. 79 Jdbdmdl Ytdmd Dpb`fds`
g. Jdbdmdl Kjdtgnt Jdbdmdl `l` dfdl fibudr o`fd usir miluou miluou milu Kjdtgnt .
Admgdr ;. 78 Jdbdmdl Kjdtgnt
70
k. Jdbdmdl fbds`h`fds` admgdr Jdbdmdl `l` dfdl fibudr o`fd usir miluou miluou milu Gdt`f Citikt` Citikt`nl nl
Admgdr ;. 71 Jdbdmdl Gdt`f Citikt`n Citikt`nl l Dcdpul gigirdpd jds`b pilauo`dl mncib D@ sigdad` gir`fut?
Jds`b L`bd` Bnss Mncib
•
Admgdr ;. 7: Jds`b L`bd` Bnss Mncib
Jds`b L`bd` Dfurds` Mncib
•
Admgdr ;. 70 Jds`b L`bd` Dfurds` Mncib
;5
Dpb`fds` Gdt`f@lc `l` mimpulyd` gigirdpd fibig`jdl sdbdj sdtulyd yd`tu l`bd` dfurds` trd`l cdl vdb`cds` ydla gd`f milkdpd` 03-09%. Dcdpul fifurdladl cdbdm dpb`fds` `l` dcdbdj t`cdf g`sd milcitifs` pnbd gdt`f ydla t`cdf tirmdsuf c` cdtd trd`l odc` t`cdf simud oil`s gdt`f g`sd c` prnsis ciladl gd`f. Dpb`fds` `l` ouad pirbu c`fimgdlafdl big`j bdlout ciladl cdtdsit ydla big`j gdlydf bda` dadr g`sd mil`lafdtfdl pirhnrmd dpb`fds` ydla big`j gd`f bda` cdl milcdpdtfdl dfurds` 455%, cdl ouad g`sd c`fimgdlafdl ciladl milaauldfdl Widb S`mi Ngoikt Citikt`nl sipirt` Pnbn dtdupul ydla bd`llyd.
Gdg @X
Uilutup
3.4 Fis`mpubdl
Cdr` simud prnaris ydla sucdj c`bdfufdl gd`f sibdmd pimgibdodrdl cdl sibdmd
pilairoddl
prnyif.
Sircdpdt
r`ltdladl
cdl
fisirudl
cdbdm
pibdfsdlddllyd. Cdbdm fia`dtdl Uilc`c`fdl ydla c`bdfsdldfdl nbij Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy mibdbu` prnardm Hnulcdt`nl nh D@ dlc B`hi-sf`bb Hnr Ail _ cdl Urnyif Dfj`r ydla c`gir`fdl mimgir`fdl fi`la`ldl ultuf tirus gir`lnvds` cim` mdsd cipdl @lcnlis`d ydla big`j gd`f. Mdfd cdr` `tu cdpdt c`s`mpubfdl ? 4. [ibdmd pibdfsdlddl fia`dtdl, pibdodr c`gir`fdl pimgifdbdl tirbig`j cdjubu sipirt` s`drdl bdlasula ydla mimgdjds tiflnbna` cdl b`hi sf`bb ydla c`sic`dfdl nbij Nrg`t mibdbu` @lstdardm cdl Pnutugi, dadr pibdodr mim`b`f` admgdrdl rilkdld ficipdl, ydla dfdl c`bdfufdl sibdmd pibdfsdlddl fia`dtdl c` Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy girbdlasula. 7. Urnsis pimgibdodrdl ydla `ltirdft`h cdl `ltiardt`h mimgudt pibdodr simdf`l simdladt ultuf tirus gibdodr sibdmd pibdfsdlddl fia`dtdl Uilc`c`fdl c` Nrg`t Huturi Dkdcimy girbdlasula. ;. Urnyif dfj`r ydla c`gir`fdl ultuf fibnmpnf sdladt mildltdla mimgudt pibdodr simdf`l a`dt ultuf tirus milaub`f `lhnrmds` milaild` tiflnbna` cdl mila`mpbimiltds`fdllyd cdbdm giltuf prnyif dfj`r ydla girmdlhddt. 3. Jds`b cdr` Mncibb`l Mncibb`la a prnyif dfj`r ydla c`bdfufdl pdcd fbds`h`fds` admgdr gdt`f bumdydl gd`f, misf`pul sibdmd pirdlkdladl drs`tifturlyd tirus c`bdfufdl pimgdrudl, c`fdrildfdl dadr milcdpdtfdl jds`b dfurds`, vdb`cds` dfurds`, bnss cdl vdb`cds` bnss ydla c``la`lfdl. [ibdmd prnsis pirj`tuladl dfurds` ydla c`jds`bfdl yd`tu milyiltuj dlafd dfurds` 5.0310 cdl vdb`cds` dfurds` 5.0849, ydla c` mdld jds`b cdr` pirj`tuladl `l` sdladt gdaus sirtd ouad pdcd bnss milyiltuj dlafd 5.4039 cdl vdb`cds` bnss 5.4;;; cdl `l` mirupdfdl jds`b ydla gd`f c` mdld jdmp`r milcifdt` bnss c` dlafd 5. 9. Fnlc`s` cdr` ivdbuds` pdcd fbds`h`fds` admgdr mds`j tircdpdt fifurdladl, yd`tu tircdpdt m`ss fdbfubds` cdr` dpb`fds` ardc`n cdbdm mililtufdl
;4
;7
odwdgdl pdcd admgdr ydla c`gir`fdl, c`fdrildfdl cdtdsit ydla t`cdf gia`tu gdlydf tirfd`t admgdr-admgdr gdt`f. 8. Uimncibdl pdcd Kjdtgnt ydla c`bdfufdl milaauldfdl Annabi Knbdgs, sucdj mimgir`fdl jds`b ydla sdladt gd`f pdcd dfurds` cdl bnss sibdmd prnsis pirj`tuladl pdcd mncib. Misf`pul c` dwdb miladbdm` pirj`tuladl ydla t`cdf girdturdl pdcd dfurds` cdtdsit sddt sddt milodbdlfdl mncib Kjdtgnt tirsigut c` Annabi Knbdgs, c` mdld jds`b cdr` pirj`tuladl simpdt milyiltuj 5.4: cdl fimuc`dl turul c` 5.439 sitibdj `tu mildlodf j`laad miluou dfurds` tirgd`f yd`tu 4.5. 1. Bdbu ouad pdcd bnss c` dwdb pirj`tuladl sdladt t`laa` sifdb` c` mdld pdcd jds`b pirj`tuladl cdl ardh`f c` dwdb` ciladl dlafd 3.5 sdmpd` dlafd tirt`laa` c` sddt ipnkj fi-19, yd`tu pirj`tuladl c` dlafd 5.39 cdl j`laad pdcd dfj`rlyd miluou pirj`tuladl bnss tirgd`f yd`tu c` dlafd 5.57 :. Fimuc`dl pdcd Cipbnymil Cipbnymilt t Qig mildr`f ultuf c`b`jdt cdl t`cdf milaadlaau pdlcdladl sirtd mucdj c`pdjdm`, ydla c`jdrdpfdl cdr` dpb`fds` Qig `l` cdpdt mimgir`fdl fimucdjdl mdsydrdfdt bnfdb cdl mdsydrdfdt ds`la cdbdm milkdr` `lhnrmds` milaild` gdt`f @lcnlis`d cdl mubd` milk`ltd` gdt`f @lcnlis`d ydla mirupdfdl pil`laadbdl bibujur ydla jdrus c`odad. 3.7 [drdl
Urnyif Dfj`r ydla sucdj c`gudt, `l`, tiltu mds`j cdpdt c`fimgdlafdl ultuf milcdpdtfdl jds`b ydla big`j gd`f, ciladl sdrdl ydla cdpdt c`gir`fdl dltdrd bd`l? 4. Urnyif dfj`r `l` cdpdt c`fimgdlafdl big`j bdlout ciladl mila`lputfdl cdtdgdsi ydla big`j bilafdp ultuf admgdr-admgdr gdt`f ydla gibum c`oibdodj` cdl gia`tu pubd ciladl cdtdsit ydla ydla tirsic`d c` Fdaabi ultuf fbds`h`fds` admgdr. Cdl big`j c`fimgdlafdl bda` s`stim cdr` dppb`fds` fbds`h`fds` admgdr dadr t`cdf tirodc`lyd fisdbdjdl fdbfubds` admgdr. 7. Fbds`h`fds` admgdr g`sd c`tdmgdjfdl ciladl t`cdf jdlyd mimdsuffdl admgdr mibdbu` adbir` titdp` ouad g`sd mibdbu` oipritdl fdmird.
;;
;. Kjdtgnt cdpdt cdpdt c`tdmgdjfdl ciladl cdpdt mimdsuffdl admgdr, sudrd cdl tircdpdt admis sirtd rifnmilcds` knrdf pdfd`dl gdt`f ydla g`sd milyisud`fdl ciladl fia`dtdl sijdr`-jdr`. 3. Qigs`ti Gdt`f@lc
cdpdt
c`fimgdlafdl
milodc`
Qigs`ti ydla
c`pugb`fds`fdl cdl milodc` Qigs`ti drt`fib girfudb`tds milaild` gdt`f cdl g`sd ouad milodc` Qigs`ti i-knmmirki gdt`f ydla cdpdt girfimgdla c` zdmdl sifdrdla `l`. 9. [drdl ydla `la`l pilub`s sdmpd`fdl ultuf pilaimgdladl big`j bdlout cdr` fia`dtdl `l`, mdtir` ydla c`sdmpd`fdl sisud` ciladl fur`fubum cdl mncub pimgibdodrdl, jdlyd sdod mdtir` ydla c`sdmpd`fdl tirfdcdla sub`t c`dfsis cdl ouad mulkub sitibdj 7-; jdr` pimgibdodrdl, bdbu t`cdf jdlyd `tu, ultuf mimucdjfdl pilaumpubdl tuads jdr`dl gibum tircdpdt wdcdj ultuf mildmpulalyd sij`laad mds`j gdlydf pisirtd ydla fisub`tdl cdbdm milaumpubfdl tuads, ultuf ficipdllyd c` pbdthnrm nrg`t auru c`tdmgdjfdl pilaumpubdl dssissmilt jdr`dl jdr`dl sit`dp fibds sij`laad kndkj cdpdt ciladl mucdj kjikf sdtu pirsdtu pifiroddl rumdj pdrd pisirtd.
Gdg X
V4]
[urydltn.
7550.
‒Gdt`f
Wihirils`
@lcnlis`d
Wism`
C`dfu`
YLI[KN”,
jttps?//www.dltdrdliws.knm/gir`td/498;:0/gdt`f-`lcnlis`d- rism`-c`dfu`uliskn, c`dfsis pdcd tdlaadb 73 Mi` 7577 pufub 43.;7 V7]
J. W. [dldg`bd dlc W. Mdlurula, ‒Wiknal`t`nl nh gdt`f mnt`hs us`la tji ailirdb`zic jnuaj trdlshnrm,” Yl`virs`ty nh @lcnlis`d, @lcnlis`d, 7550.
V;]
P. BiKul, P. Gila`n, dlc A. J`ltnl, ‒Ciip bidrl`la,” Ldturi, vnb. 974, ln. 199;, pp. 3;8 ‛ 333, 333, 7549.
V3]
P. BiKul, B. Gnttnu, P. Gila`n, dlc U. Jdhhlir, ‒Ardc`ilt-gdsic ‒Ardc`ilt -gdsic bidrl`la dppb`ic tn cnkumilt riknal`t`nl,” Urnkiic`las nh tji @III, @III, vnb. :8, ln. 44, pp. 771: ‛ 7;73, 7;73, 400:.
V9]
F. [`mnlydl dlc D. _`ssirmdl, ‒Xiry ciip knlvnbut`nldb litwnrfs hnr bdrai-skdbi bdraiskdbi `mdai riknal`t`nl,” drZ`v pripr`lt drZ`v?4350.4998, 7543. 7543.
V8]
Fdr`mdj, H. Y., & Jdronfn, D. 7541. Kbdss`h`kdt`nl nh Gdt`f Fd`l Gisurif @mdai Ys`la [piic Yp Wngust Hidturis ([YWH) dlc Ardy Bivib Knnkkurrilki Mdtr`x (ABKM).Knmmul`kdt`nls `l Knmputir dlc @lhnrmdt`nl [k`ilki [nht Knmput`la `l Cdtd [k`ilki, :4 ‛ 04. 04. cn`? 45.4551/01:-0:4-4545.4551/01:-0:4-451737-5^1.
V1]
H. F. [. [`cj`, S. D. U., Cw`dlc`ydltd, G. P., Ciw`, ‒Gdt`f Mnt`hs Citikt`nl Ys`la Udttirl Wiknal`t`nl Mitjnc,” O. Gudld @lhnrm., vnb. 44, ln. 4, pp. 99 ‛ 87, 87, 7575
V:]
Dbbil,O., ‒ Ldturdb Bdlaudai Ylcirstdlc`la 7lc Ic`t`nl” Ic`t`nl”, Gilodm`lKumm`las Uugb`sj`la Knmpdly, 4009
;3
Gdg X@
Bdmp`rdl D. SNW
SIWM NH WIHIWILKI (SNW) [SYC@ @LCIUILCIL GIW[IWS@H@FDS HNYLCDS@NL NH D@ DLC B@HI [F@BB[ HNW AIL-_ C@ NWG@S HYSYWI DKDCIMP
D. W`lk`dl Urnardm
Hnulcdt`nl nh D@ dlc B`hi [f`bbs hnr Ail-_ dcdbdj prnardm pibdt`jdl Drt`h`k`dbb @ltibb`ailki Drt`h`k`d @ltibb`ailki (D@) cdr`la ydla girtuoudl ultuf mimpirfildbfdl
tiflnbna` cdl pirdlafdt D@ fipdcd pibdodr, sij`laad c`jdrdpfdl mirifd cdpdt milaimgdlafdl prncuf D@ ydla mim`b`f` cdmpdf sns`db. Urnardm `l` girhnfus pdcd fnmpnlil utdmd D@, sipirt` Cdtd [k`ilki (C[), Ldturdb Bdlaudai Urnkiss`la (LBU), cdl Knmputir X`s`nl (KX). [ibd`l fitirdmp`bdl D@, pibdodr ouad dfdl milcdpdt b`hi sf`bbs ydla girmdlhddt ultuf milkdr` dtdu milk`ptdfdl bdpdladl firod. G. Suoudl Urnardm
Suoudl ydla c`jdrdpfdl sitibdj pisirtd mila`fut` prnardm `l`? 4. Mim`b`f` wdwdsdl tiltdla D@ cdl pirfimgdladllyd. 7. Mdmpu mirdlkdla cdl mila`mpbimiltds`fdl D@ Urnoikt Kykbi. ;. Mdmpu milaauldfdl gdjdsd pimrnardmdl Uytjnl ultuf milaimgdlafdl dpb`fds` D@. 3. Mdmpu milaimgdlafdl sdbdj sdtu cdr` ; cnmd`l D@ (C[, LBU, cdl KX) j`laad tdjdp Cipbnymil Cipbnymilt t . 9. Mdmpu milaauldfdl snht sf`bbs cdl jdrc sf`bbs cdbdm cul`d `lcustr` cdl b`lafuladl pirusdjddl. 8. Mdmpu miladpb`fds`fdl f`dt-f`dt ydla c`gutujfdl sinrdla w`rdusdjdwdl ydla girairdf c` g`cdla stdrt -up cdbdm miltrdlshnrmds`fdl `ci fi cdbdm giltuf prncuf/odsd sij`laad cdpdt milk`ptdfdl pibudla g`sl`s ydla tirus gir`lnvds`, girivnbus`, cdl girfibdloutdl.
;9
;8
K. Odcwdb cdl Simpdt Uibdfsdlddl
Odcwdb pibdfsdlddl tirtird cdbdm tdgib gir`fut? Sdgib 8.4 Odcwdb Uibdfsdlddl Uufub (Q@G)
Curds` (odm)
Dft`v`tds
5:.55 s.c. 44.;5
;.9
Fibds [is` Uda`
4;.55 s.c. 48.;5
;.9
Fibds [is` [`dla
48.;5 s.c. 41.;5
4
[ibh-[tucy
Fibds dfdl c`sibilaadrdfdl sikdrd cdr`la mibdbu` dpb`fds` v`cin knlhirilki . C. Uisirtd
Uisirtd prnardm `l` dcdbdj mdjds`swd ydla girdsdb cdr` Uiraurudl S`laa` c` gdwdj Fimiltir`dl Fimilti r`dl Uilc`c`fdl, Uil c`c`fdl, Figucdyddl, W`sit, cdl Siflnbna` Wipugb`f @lcnlis`d. I. Yrd`dl Suads Uisirtd
[ibdmd mila`fut` prnardm `l`, pisirtd c`jdrusfdl? 4. Mila`fut` prnardm cdr` dwdb j`laad sibisd`. 7. Mimdtuj` dturdl prnardm. ;. Mimdtuj` dturdl fibds ydla c`gudt girsdmd jnmirnnm dtdu cnmd`l kndkj. 3. Mila`fut` fibds ciladl prisils` m`l`mdb :9%. 9. Mimgudt bdpnrdl jdr`dl cdl m`laaudl m` laaudl c` Qigs`ti Fdmpus Mircifd. 8. Milyibisd`fdl Urnyif Dfj`r (UD) gisirtd bdpnrdllyd.
Fdrdwdla, 48 Oub` 7577 Uisirtd Urnardm
Jnmirnnm Kndkj,
Hirldlcd Odludr Urdtdmd, [.Fnm
Sduh`f Mdubdld Sdloula
77575:3
40458;448543:
Gdg X@@
Bdmp`rdl G. Bna Dkt`v`ty
Sdgib 1.4 Bna Dkt`v`ty M`laau/Sdlaadb
Fia`dtdl
M`laau fi-4
•
79 79 ‛ ‛ 70 70 Dpr` 7577
•
•
•
•
M`laau fi-7
•
7 - 8 Mi` 7577
•
Jds`b
Milkdr` cdl mimgiltuf
Fibnmpnf fdm`
fibnmpnf.
girdlaantdfdl 9 nrdla, cdr`
Mililtufdl timd cdl
fibds Dldfdydm cdl
oucub cdr` Urnoikt Dfj`r.
Fibnmpnf fdm`
Uimgda`dl tuads ultuf
milcdpdtfdl `ci ultuf
pir dlaantdlyd.
mimgdlaul sigudj dpb`fds`
Milkdr` rihirils` tirfd`t
pilcitifs` gdt`f c` mdld
prnoikt ydla dfdl
dpb`fds` `l` dfdl c`gudt
c`odbdl` ficipdllyd.
cdbdm giltuf
Mililtufdl Mncibb`la, Y@ cisd`l prnoikt, Y@
Qigs`ticiladl ldmd ‒Gdt`f@lc”, sisud` ‒Gdt`f@lc”, sisud` ciladl
cisd`l cdsjgndrc ultuf
ldmdlyd dpb`fds` `l` dfdl
dpb`fds`. [ibd`l `tu ouad
mimucdjfdl pilaauld
milkdr` cdtdgdsi ultuf
cdbdm jdb firdo`ldl tdladl
dpb`fds` cdl cdtdsit
yd`tu gdt`f. C`mdld cdbdm
ultuf @mdai
dpb`fds` `l` dcd girgdad`
Kbdss`h`kdt`nl cdl
h`tur c`dltdrd lyd ‒ @mdai
Kjdtgnt .
Kbdss`h`kdt`nl cdl Kjdtgnt .
Milkdr` rihirils` ydla
Udcd m`laau fi 7 fdm`
knknf milaild` oucub
milcdpdtfdl gigirdpd
prnoikt ydla dfdl fdm`
rihirils` fdaabi, a`tjug,
gudt.
ynutugi, cdl ouad fdm`
Milkdr` cdtdsit ydla ydla gdaus ultuf mimgudt Mncibb`la Mncibb` la ldlt`flyd.
micdpdtfdl rihirils` ultuf tdmp`bdl Y@ lyd yd`tu ultuf tdmp`bdl lyd fdm` milcis`al wig cdbdm
;1
;:
•
Cdl milkdr` rihirils`
giltf ‒Kdrnusib” dtdu sb`ci
ultuf tdmp`bdl Y@ pdcd
admgdr gdt`f.
dpb`fds` lyd M`laau fi-;
•
0-4; Mi` 7577
•
Mimgdjds prnoikt ydla
Udcd m`laau `l` fdm`
sucdj c`rilkdldfdl pdcd
mimgda` tuads ultuf
m`laau sigibumlyd.
mimgudt prnoikt `l`, cdl
Mubd` mimgda` tuads pir dlaantd fibnmpnf ultuf mimgudt prnoikt.
milkngd mimgudt Mncibb`la Mncibb`l a ydla mdld pdcd
pirkngddl pirtdmd `l` mds`j gdlydf irrnr ydla
•
M`laau fi-3
•
48-75 Mi` 7577
M`laau fi-9
•
7; 7; ‛ ‛ 71 71 Mi` 7577
•
M`laau fi-8
Mubd` milkngd ultuf
jdrus c` pirgd`f` cdl fdm`
mimgudt Mncibb` Mncibb`la la
milkdr` kndkj ydla knknf
ultuf @mdai
ultuf girc`sfus` milaild`
Kbdss`h`kdt`nl lyd.
irrnr ydla fdm` dbdm` `l`.
Dlaantd hnfus fi tuads
Udcd m`laau `l` sit`dp
mds`la-mds`la ydla
dlaantd hnfus cdl mimgudt
sucdj c`gda`fdl
dpd ydla c`tuadsfdl.
Mibdpnrfdl jds`b firod
Udcd m`laau `l` pdrd
ydla tibdj c`tuadsfdl
dlaantd mibdpnrfdl jds`b
pdcd mds`la-mds`la
firod lyd mubd` cdr`
dlaantd.
pirdlkdladl Qigs`ti,
milkdr` pdpir, cbb Milkngd mimpirgd`f` irrnr pdcd sddt Mncibb` Mncibb`la la
Milyibisd`fdl
Udcd m`laau `l` ultub
;5 Mi` ‛ Mi` ‛ 5; 5; Oul`
Mncibb`la Mncibb` la cdl
prnoikt ‒ @mdai
7577
Kjdtgnt
Kbdss`h`kdt`nl ” cdl
Mirdp`fdl Qigs`ti
‒Kjdtgnt ” tibdj sibisd` cdl
ydla dfdl f`td
mirdp`fdl Qigs`ti.
•
•
;0
auldfdl sigdad` Y@ ldt`f lyd. M`laau fi-1
•
58 58 ‛ ‛ 45 45 Oul` 7577
Mibdfufdl
Cdbdm m`laau `l`, Kjdtgnt
Cipbnymilt Cipbnymi lt Kjdtgnt girjds`b c` cipbny cdbdm
•
•
cdl @mdai
bnkdbjnst ciladl
Kbdss`h`kdt`nl j`laad
mibdfufdl rull`la
mildmp`bfdl
prnardm pdcd tirm`ldb c`
pirkdfdpdl cdbdm
X[Knci. Fimuc`dl
b`lf c` bnkdbjnst
tdmgdjdl cdtd pdcd Qigs`ti
Mimgudt tdmgdjdl
`l` girupd drt`fib milaild`
cdtd pdcd Qigs`ti
gdt`f. Uimgudtdl bna jdr`dl
ydla girupd drt`fib
cdl pnwirpn`lt ultuf
milaild` gdt`f
pirsiltds` c`bdfufdl ciladl
Sdjdp dfj`r cdr`
mimgda` tuads pdcd
prnoikt yd`tu
dlaantd t`m dadr cdpdt
milaadgulafdl
c`sibisd`fdl tipdt wdftu.
`ltirhiki pdcd
Cdl ultuf tdjdp tirdfj`r
Qigs`ti ciladl
dltdrd Qigs`ti Cipbnymilt Cipbnymi lt dltdrd
`l` `ltirhdki cdr` Kjdtgnt cdl `ltirhdki Kjdtgnt `l` cdl @mdai
mds`j cdbdm prnsis.
Kbdss`h`kdt`nl .
•
Mibdfufdl pirifdpdl tirjdcdp bna jdr`dl ydla dfdl milodc` bdmp`rdl c` cdbdm bdpnrdl dfj`r.
•
Mimgudt pnwir pn`lt sigdad` gdjdl ultuf mibdfufdl
35
prisiltds` h`ldbprnoikt. M`laau fi-:
•
4; 4; ‛ ‛ 41 41 Oul` 7574
•
•
•
•
Mibdfufdl
Cdbdm m`laau `l`,
Cipbnymilt Cipbnymi lt Kjdtgnt
mibdloutfdl tdjdpdl
.py fi Qigs`ti .jtmb
tirdfj`r cdr` h`ldb prnoikt prnoikt
Milyibisd`fdl
yd`tu cipbnyimilt Kjdtgnt
pnwirpn`lt
.py fi Qigs`ti .jtmb. Udcd
prisiltdt`nl
tdjdpdl `l` miladbdm`
Mimgudt rifdmdl
fisub`tdl fdrild hnrmdt cdr`
v`cin sigdad` mic`d
prnoikt ydla girgicd
pil`bd`dl nbij t`m
ciladl mibdbu` g`mg`ladl
Nrg`t Huturi
dfj`rlyd ultuf Cipbnymilt
Dkdcimy
girjds`b c`bdfufdl.
Milyibisd`fdl
Uirs`dpdl pimgudtdl
bdpnrdl prnoikt dfj`r
pnwirpn`lt cdl v`cin
Uilaaumpubdl
prisiltds` g`sd c`bdfufdl
bdpnrdl, v`cin
sigdad` mic`d pil`bd`dl.
prisiltds` cdr` H`ldb
Uilub`sdl,ic`t`la,
Urnoikt
h`l`sj`la bdpnrdl dfj`r sit`dp dlaantd fibnmpnf.
Gdg X@@@
Bdmp`rdl K. Cnfumil Sifl`f
:.4 D@ Urnoikt Kykbi
4. Urngbim [knnp`la [it`dp fdb` f`td mimubd` pifiroddl dpdpul, m`sdblyd pdcd mdsdbdj tirtiltu sibdbu tirfd`t ciladl pifiroddl dtdu prnsis. [igildrlyd f`td c`fib`b`la` nbij mdsdbdj. Mdsdbdj `l` g`sd fik`b dtdu gisdr, tirfdcdla f`td ouad miladgd`fdllyd, tirfdcdla f`td mimgutujfdl snbus` milcisdf, o`fd t`cdf, tiltulyd pifiroddl f`td dfdl tiradlaau. Ciladl `l` prngbim sknp`la dcdbdj dwdb cdr` pimgudtdl fbds`h`fds` ciladl miladlafdt mdsdbdj ydla sisud` ciladl pifiroddl ydla sicdla c`rdlkdla. Gir`fut dcdbdj 3Qs pdcd Urngbim [knp`la, d. Qjn> Miladku pdcd s`dpd ydla milajdcdp` mdsdbdj cdl s`dpd pimdlafu fipilt`ladl cdr` mdsdbdj tirsigut> [`stim `l` c`tuoufdl ultuf nrdla nrdla ydla furdla milaildb gucdyd gdt`f @lcnlis`d tirutdmd tnur`st tnur`st ydla girfuloula fi @lcnlis`d. g. Qjdt > Miladku pdcd dpd mdsdbdjlyd cdl gdad`mdld f`td tdju tiltdla mdsdbdjlyd> S`cdf g`sd c`pulaf`r` mdsydrdfdt @lcnlis`d silc`r` pul gdlydf ydla furdla milaildb gucdyd gdt`f c` liadrd dtdu cdirdj lyd `tu `t u silc`r`, mdfd cdr` `tu f`td pirbu milaildbfdl sdbdj sdtu gucdyd f`td yd`tu gdt`f fipdcd mdsydrdfdt ydla gibum milaildb cdl ultuf tnur`st ydla mdsuf fi liadrd f`td. k. Qjiri> Jdb `l` tirfd`t ciladl fnltifs dtdu s`tuds` dtdu bnfds` mdsdbdj. Mdsdbdj `l` c`timufdl c`sddt pdrd tnur`st girfuloula fi @lcnlis`d cdl `la`l milaildb big`j oduj oil`s oil`s gdt`f c` @lcnlis`d.
34
37
c. Qjy> Miladku pdcd miladpd f`td pirbu mimikdjfdl mdsdbdj cdl dpd mdlhddtlyd
gda`
pdrd
pimdlafu
fipilt`ladl
sitibdj
milyibisd`fdl mdsdbdj. Mdsdbdj `l` pilt`la fdrild figdlydfdl dldf mucd @lcnlis`d furdla tirtdr`f ciladl gucdyd lyd silc`r`, cdl f`td jdrus milodad gucdyd @lcnlis`d ydla tibdj dcd sirtd simud nrdla jdrus tdu gdjwd @lcnlis`d fdyd dfdl gucdyd sdbdj sdtulyd dcdbdj oil`s oil`s gdt`f. 7. Cdtd Dkqu`s`t`nl Udcd tdjdp `l` c`bdfufdl prnsis pilaumpubdl cdtd. tdjdp `l` dcdbdj tiltdla mimpirnbij cdtd ultuf prnoif ydla sicdla c`gdlaul. Cdtd cdpdt girupd `lhnrmds` dtdu hdftd cdl stdt`st`f c`fumpubfdl girsdmd ultuf rihirils` dtdu dldb`s`s. Fdpdl pul f`td `la`l prnyif D@ cdpdt mimpric`fs` nutput, f`td pirbu mibdt`jlyd tirbig`j cdjubu milaauldfdl cdtd. Cdtd ydla c`pirbufdl ultuf mibdt`j mncib dadr prnoif D@ milodc` ih`s`il jdrus ribivdl tirjdcdp mdsdbdj ydla tibdj c``cilt`h`fds` sigibumlyd. Nbij fdrild `tu pirbu mililtufdl t`pi cdtd sisud` mdsdbdj ydla tibdj c`tiltufdl. Cdtd cdpdt c`dmg`b cdr` girgdad` sumgir sipirt` Qigs`ti, silsnr , surviy, wig skrdp`la, fdmird, DU@, cdl bd`l- bd`l. Udcd Cdtd dkqu`s`t`nl `l` c`bdfufdl piladmg`bdl 7 cdtdsit s, s, ydla pirtdmd ultuf pilafbds`h`fds`dl ciladl milaauldfdl fdaabi ciladl hnrmdt ._@U, ydla fi cud ultuf Kjdtgnt ciladl ciladl milaauldfdl? d. [umgir cdtd pirtdmd pdcd pilafbds`h`fds`dl dcdbdj fdaabi
Admgdr :. 4 Bnan Fdaabi
3;
Dcdpul Kdrd piladmg`bdl cdtd ?
Mdsuf
•
fi
jdbdmdl
fdaabi
miluou
cdtd
sit
jttps?//www.fdaabi.knm/cdtdsit s p`b`j cdtd ydla `la`l c` cnwlbndc
Admgdr :. 7 Sdmp`bdl Dwdb Cdtdsit s Udcd admgdr :.7 mirupdfdl tdmp`bdl dwdb fit`fd dfdl milkdr` cdtdsit s ultuf c`bdfufdl pilib`t`dl.
Fb`f Cnwlbndc pdcd pdcd gda`dl girdlcd
•
Admgdr :. ; Sdmp`bdl Cdtdsit s ydla C`p`b`j Udcd Admgdr :.; `l` tdjdp ultuf milcdptfdl sigudj cdtdsit s ydla dfdl c`auldfdl, yd`tu ciladl kdrd milaulcuj dtdu milcnwlbndc cdtdsit s ydla tibdj c`p`b`j.
33
ydla c`auldfdl dcdbdj Jds`b cdtd cdr` cdtdsit ydla
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Admgdr :. 3 Sdmp`bdl Cdtdsits Gdt`f Admgdr :.3 dcdbdj cdtdsits ydla dfdl c`auldfdl ultuf pilib`t`dl, yd`tu ultuf pilafbds`h`fds`dl oil`s gdt`f. Cdtdsits tirsigut gir`s`fdl gigirdpd oil`s mnt`h gdt`f ydla dcd c` @lcnlis`d, cdl tipdt ultuf c`bdfufdl pilib`t`dl. g. [umgir cdtd ficud pdcd kjdtgnt dcdbdj mdludb Cdtdsits cdpdt c`bdfufdl sikdrd mdludb mdupul mimgdkd cdtd, sij`laad pdcd kjdtgnt `l` `l` c`bdfufdl sikdrd mdludb cdl c`cdpdtfdl cdr` drt`fib. Yltuf `tu ciladl mimgudt cdtdsit mdludb ciladl hnrmdt cdtd ultuf kjdtgnt `l` yd`tu .O[NL ( Odvd[kr`pt Odvd[kr`pt Ngoikt Lntdt`nl). Hnrmdt .O[NL c`auldfdl fdrild gigirdpd fiulaaubdl,
dltdrd bd`l h`bi ydla big`j r`ladl, struftur fnci ydla big`j sicirjdld, cdl fnci ydla big`j mucdj c`pdjdm` mdlus`d.
Admgdr :. 9 Cdtdsits kjdtgnt cdbdm hnrmdt .O[NL
39
;. Cdtd Ixpbnrdt`nl Sdjdp `l` girtuoudl ultuf mibdfufdl v`sudb`sds` cdtd cdr` cdtd-cdtd ydla sucdj tirfumpub ultuf mib`jdt tril dtdu pnbd pdcd cdtd. Cdtd ixpbnrdt`nl mirupdfdl tdjdpdl ciladl tuoudl ultuf big`j mimdjdm` fdrdftir`st`f cdr` cdtd. C`mdld ciladl tuoudl mimgdltu cdbdm mim`b`j tnnbs ydla tipdt cdbdm mibdfufdl priprnkiss priprnkiss`la `la dtdu cdbdm mibdfufdl dldb`s`s. Fimuc`dl ultuf milaitdju` pnbd/ pdttirl cdr` cdtd. Cdtd ixpbnrdt`nl ixpbnrdt` nl c`bdfufdl ultuf pilanbdjdl cdtd sigibum mdsuf fi cdbdm tdjdp t djdp mncib`la. C`mdld cdtdsit ydla tibdj c`gudt cdbdm hnrmdt .O[NL c`prnsis dadr cdtd tirsigut cdpdt c`auldfdl. Uriprnkiss`la cdtd ydla c`bdfufdl girtuoudl ultuf milstdlcdr`sds` cdl
mim`l`mdbfdl fisdbdjdl pdcd cdtdsit ydla cdpdt mimpiladruj` jds`b pilanbdjdl cdtd cdl nutput ldlt`lyd. ldlt`lyd. Udcd tdjdp `l` fdm` mirdlkdlalyd cud drs`tiftur mibdbu` X`sudb [tuc`n Knci cdl Annabi Knbdgs ciladl hnrmdt trd`l.py cdl Kjdtgnt.`pylg. Cdbdm tdjdp Uriprnkiss`la ydla c`bdfufdl milaauldfdl Snfil`zdt`nl cdl Bimmdt`zdt`nl. Bimmdt`zdt` nl. Urnsis Snfil`zdt`nl mirupdfdl prnsis c`mdld tifs str`la
c`ugdj milodc` cdhtdr tnfil.
Admgdr :. 8 Bdyir X`sudb [tuc`n Knci
Admgdr :. 1 Bdyir Annabi Knbdg Udcd pirdlkdladl drs`tiftur tirsigut, tircdpdt cud tnfil yd`tu wnrcs tnfil`zir ydla c`auldfdl ultuf milkdr` cdhtdr fdtd cdbdm str`la cdl
38
siltilkis tnfil`zir ydla c`auldfdl ultuf milkdr` cdhtdr fdb`mdt cdbdm
str`la. 3. Mncibb`la Cdbdm mimgdlaul prnoif girgds`s D@, c`pirbufdl ultuf gifirod ciladl dbanr`tmd D@. Cdbdm mim`b`j dbanr`tmd, pirbu mib`jdt pilcifdtdl mncib dpdfdj rubi-gdsic dtdu dtdu pilcifdtdl bidrl`la . O`fd tibdj milimufdl mncib D@ ydla tipdt, mdfd dfdl c`bdfufdl pibdt`jdl mncib ciladl cdtd ydla sucdj tirfumpub sigibumlyd.
Admgdr :. : Uimgudtdl mncib kjdtgnt Mncib ydla c`p`b`j cdbdm prnyif `l` milaauldfdl Liurdb Litwnrf (LL) (LL) dtdu c`fildb ouad ciladl Odr`ladl [ydrdh S`rudl (O[S). Cdl sddt mimgdlaul mncib LL `l` milaauldfdl ; bdyir yd`tu `lput bdyir , j`ccil bdyir cdl nutput bdyir. Auldfdl dft`vds` ydla c`p`b`j, yd`tu Wibu cdl [nhtmdx (bdp`sdl fibudrdl). Hulas` [nhtmdx dcdbdj bdp`sdl fibudrdl cdr` LL
ydla mimpric`fs` c`str`gus` prngdg`b`tds pnb`lnm`db, ydla ouad mirupdfdl ailirdb`sds` cdr` hulas` s`amn`c. Ciladl mib`jdt l`bd` cdr` dkkurdky cdl bnss mncib ydla tibdj c`gudt dcdbdj
Admgdr :. 0 Sdmp`bdl dfurds` cdl mncib pdcd kjdtgnt
31
[ibd`l `tu ultuf pilafbds`h`fds`dl milaauldfdl mncib KLL ciladl mib`jdt l`bd` cdr` dkkurdky cdl bnss mncib ydla tibdj c`gudt dcdbdj
Admgdr :. 45 Sdmp`bdl dfurds` cdl mncib pdcd fbds`h`fds` 9. Ivdbudt`nl Sdjdp `l` gir`s` tiltdla mib`jdt pirhnrmdls` mncib ydla tibdj c`bdt`j ciladl cdtd bdt`j dpdfdj sucdj gdaus dtdu gibum. O`fd gibum, mdfd cdpdt c`bdfufdl jypirpdrdmitir tul`la. Cdr` mncib ydla tibdj c`gudt pdcd tdjdp ivdbudt`nl cdpdt c`b`jdt l`bd` dkkurdky. C`mdld simdf`l t`laa` l`bd` dkkurdky simdf`l gd`f mncib ydla c`gudt.
Admgdr :. 44 Jds`b Dfurds`
Admgdr :. 47 Ivdbuds` cdr` mncib kjdtgnt
3:
Admgdr :. 4; Ivdbuds` cdr` mncib fbds`h`fds` 8. Cipbnymilt Cipbnymilt cdr` kjdtgnt yd`tu ciladl milaauldfdl hrdmiwnrf hbdsf pdcd pirdlkdladl drs`tifturlyd, dadr jds`b cdr` mncibb`la cdl ivdbuds` cdr` rdlkdladl drs`tiftur pdcd kjdtgnt cdpdt girodbdl cdl mdmpu mimgir`fdl tdlaadpdl sddt c`gir`fdl pirtdlyddl fipdcd gnt. Uirdlkdladllyd ouad milaauldfdl kss cdl jtmb sirtd odvdskr`pt ultuf mimpir`lcdj tdmp`bdl kjdtgnt cdl ouad rispnls`h fit`fd tnmgnb kjdtgnt c` fb`f. Cdbdm cipbnymilt kjdtgnt yd`tu ciladl milkdltumfdl b`lf bnkdb jnst cdr` kjdtgnt fi jtmb wig gdsi Gdt`f@lc milaauldfdl jrih pdcd bdyir drs`tiftur jtmb wig gdsi "Gdt`f@lc".
30
Admgdr :. 43 Jds`b kjdtgnt Gdt`f@lc
Admgdr :. 49 Jds`b fbds`h`fds` Admgdr Gdt`f@lc Udcd admgdr :.49 cdpdt c`oibdsfdl gdjwd f`td cdpdt f`td mila`lput admgdr ydla dfdl f`td kdr` pdcd tub`sdl ‒ [ugm`t ”, ”, m`sdb f`td dfdl mila`lput admgdr gdt`f ciladl mnt`h sipirt` gir`fut?
Admgdr :. 48 Jds`b Fbds`h`fds` Admgdr Udcd Admgdr :.48 dcdbdj tdmp`bdl fbds`h`fds` ydla tibdj milodwdg cdr` `lput admgdr ydla tibdj c` sugm`t , cdl jds`blyd dcdbdj miloibdsfdl
95
gdjwd admgdr gdt`f ydla c``lput dcdbdj Mnt`h oil`s gdt`f cdr` Gdb`, sirtd fidfurds`dl cdr` admgdr gdt`f tirsigut dcdbdj 455%. O`fd f`td `la`l milkdr` oil`s gdt`f ydla bd`llyd, mdfd f`td fb`f tub`sdl ‒Kbidr ” cdl ldlt` dfdl ntnmdt`s tirjdpus, sitibdj `tu f`td cdpdt mila`lput fimgdb` admgdr gdt`f ydla dfdl f`td kdr`. :.7 Urnh`b S`m cdl Cisfr`ps` Suads Sdgib :.4 Uimgda`dl tuads t`m Ln.
Ldmd
Sduh`f 4
Mdubdld Sdloula
7
Tdmdruz _dmdl
Uirdl
Urnoikt Mdldair
Urnardmmir
H`ld ;
3
Fjdr`smd
Girtdlaaula odwdg cdbdm pirdlkdladl Kjdtgnt, pimgudtdl bnan, cdl pilyusuldl bdpnrdl
Girtdlaaula odwdg cdbdm pirdlkdladl Ysir @ltirhdki cdl Cipbnymilt Qig
Girtdlaaula odwdg cdbdm pirdlkdladl Urnardmmir
fbds`h`fds` admgdr gdt`f cdl pilyusuldl
[`bv`dl`
bdpnrdl
Mnl`kjd
Girtdlaaula odwdg cdbdm milkdr` cdtdsit,
K`lcy [drd
Cdtd Dldbys
Iloib`td
9
Suads
@fsdl _`fr`
pilyusuldl bdpnrdl, cdl piladwdsdl piladwdsdl tirjdcdp bdpnrdl
Cdtd Dldbys
Girtdlaaula odwdg cdbdm milkdr` cdtdsit cdl pilyusuldl bdpnrdl
:.; Cisfr`ps` Dpb`fds`
d. Ldmd cdl Hulas` Dpb`fds` Gdt`f@lc (Gdt`f @lcnlis`d) mirupdfdl sigudj dpb`fds` girupd wig sikdrd nlb`li ydla c`auldfdl ultuf mimgdltu mdsydrdfdt cdbdm milkdr` oil`s oil`s gdt`f, ciladl tdmgdjdl h`tur bdydldl ydla c`fimgdlafdl ciladl Siflnbna` Drt`h`k`db @ltibb`ailki (D@) fjususlyd pdcd g`cdla Ldturdb
94
Bdlaudai Urnkiss`la (LBU). Qig `l` cdpdt c`dfsis nbij s`dpdpul, iltdj mdsydrdfdt bnfdb mdupul mdsydrdfdt ds`la ciladl milaauldfdl odr`ladl `ltirlit ydla dcd. Suoudl utdmd cdbdm pimgudtdl dpb`fds` `l` mimucdjfdl mdsydrdfdt cdbdm mibdfufdl pilkdr`dl oil`s gdt`f ydla f`td furdla pdjdm dtdu furdla f`td fitdju`, ciladl milafbds`h`fds` oil`s gdt`f f`td cdpdt milaitdju` simud oil`s gdt`f ydla `la`l f`td tdju, m`sdbfdl admgdr gdt`f miad milcula ldmul f`td gibum tdju fdbdu admgdr `tu girldmd gdt`f miad milcula mdfd f`td cdpdt mibdfufdl `lput admgdr ciladl wig ydla tibdj tirsic`d cdl dfdl milodwdg `lputdl admgdr ydla tibdj c` sugm`t. [ibd`l `tu ouad, tuoudl bd`l cdr` dpb`fds` `l` mimpirfildbfdl bdydldl ciladl fikircdsdl gudtdl ydla c`auldfdl yd`tu cdbdm giltuf kjdtgnt. C`cdbdm h`tur kjdtgnt `l` pilaauld cdpdt girfnmul`fds` cdl girtdlyd milaild` dpb`fds` Gdt`f@lc, c`mubd` cdr` piloibdsdl gdt`f ydla dcd c` @lcnlis`d, Gdt`f Gdt` f oil`s D dtdu G dtdu K `tu girdsdb cdr`mdld, cdl bd`llyd. Kjdtgnt dfdl mirispnl pirtdlyddl pilaauld sikdrd kipdt bdydflyd girfnmul`fds` ciladl mdlus`d, sij`laad cdpdt mimgdltu f`td ciladl milyibisd`fdl pirmdsdbdjdl oil`s gdt`f ydla f`td t`cdf tdju. g. Oil`s Dpb`fds` cdl [pis`h`k Wiqru`milt Uimgdlauldl dpb`fds` girgds` wigs`ti ciladl tdmgdjdl h`tur fbds`h`fds` admgdr cdl kjdtgnt `l` milaauldfdl snhtwdri gir`fut `l` ? Knci Ic`tnr ? Uytjnl Cipbnymilt ? X[Knci [nhtwdri
? X[Knci
Mncibb`la
? Annabi Knbdgs
B`grdry
? Hbdsf, lbtf, tilsnrhbnw, lumpy, ardc`n, firds.
4. [pis`h`fds` ydla c`gutujfdl nbij pilaauld ? d. C`gutujfdl `ltirlit ydla mimdcd` ultuf milodlafdu wigs`ti. g. Uilaauld cdpdt milaauldfdl c` smdrtpjnli dtdupul pirdlafdt fnmputir bd`llyd.
97
7. [ydrdt cdl fitiltudl cdbdm milaauldfdl dpb`fds` wigs`ti Gdt`f@lc ultuf pilaauld, dltdrd bd`l ? d. Dpb`fds` `l` cdpdt c`auldfdl nbij pilaauld siburuj mdsydrdfdt ydla dcd c` cul`d. g. Dpb`fds` `l` t`cdf c`gdtdsfdl nbij umur. ;. [ddt pilaaulddl h`tur fbds`h`fds` admgdr ? d. Dpdg`bd `la`l milkdr` `lhnrmds` tiltdla gdt`f mibdbu` admgdr, g`sd miluou pdcd milu fbds`h`fds` admgdr, bdbu mimdsuffdl admgdr pdcd gnx ydla c`sic`dfdl, c`usdjdfdl admgdr ydla c`mdsuffdl dcdbdj admgdr gdt`f ydla `la`l c`kdr` tdju. g. Fimuc`dl sitibdj `tu fb`f sugm`t ultuf milaitdju` ldmd gdt`f ydla `la`l c`kdr` tdju mibdbu` fbds`h`fds` admgdr. 3. Cdbdm pilaaulddl h`tur kjdtgnt ? d. Dpdg`bd `la`l milkdr` `lhnrmds` tiltdla gdt`f mibdbu` pirkdfdpdl, g`sd miluou pdcd milu kjdtgnt. kjdtgnt. g. H`tur kjdtgnt c`sic`dfdl nbij dpb`fds` `l` ultuf mimucdjfdl pilaauld cdbdm mildlydfdl tirfd`t `lhnrmds` gdt`f ydla `la`l c`kdr` tdju. k. Uilaauld girtdlyd ciladl gdjdsd ydla mucdj c`milairt`, dadr s`stim cdpdt mimprnsis odwdgdl ydla tipdt. c. H`tur kjdtgnt `l` tirsic`d cdbdm dpb`fds` `l` milaauldfdl Gdjdsd @lcnlis`d cdl Gdjdsd @laar`s.
9;
k. Ysir @ltirhdki Sdgib :.7 Ysir @ltirhdki Jdbdmdl
H`tur
Cisd`l
Jdbdmdl
Jdbdmdl
Girdlcd Girdlcd
utdmd
pdcd
wig
`l`
girhulas` ultuf mildmp`bfdl girgdad` oil`s gdt`f
sikdrd
giradlt`dl cdbdm
4
jdbdmdl cdbdm furul
wdftu
tirtiltu. tirtiltu. Jdbdmdl
C`jdbdmdl `l`
@lhnrmds`
tircdpdt
siputdr
tnmgnb
gdt`f
big`j
bdlout”
ya
c`mdld
‒gdkd
dfdl mildmp`bfdl gigirdpd `lhnrmds` tiltdla
oil`s
gdt`f
93
Jdbdmdl
Sdmp`bdl
Kjdtgnt Kjdtgnt
`ltirhdki sigudj kjdtgnt ultuf mimpirfildbf dl
sigudj
cih`l`s` girgdad` oil`s gdt`f Jdbdmdl
Jdbdmdl
Y@
@mdai
ultuf
Kbdss`h`kdt
milafbds`h`fd
`nl `nl
s` admgdr ydla girhulas` sigdad` pric`fs` sigudj
oil`s
gdt`f
ydla
t`cdf c`fitdju` ciladl mila`lput admgdr ficdbdm sigudj fnbnm `mdai. `mdai.
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