Lamina Antiderrapante

 

GL LF]UHEB ]G ]G BIUW^B EG LB] JHUGYFHLG] XWG UGAFHA GA BI]GY^HMFBA ]FA]H V NGYYBJHS. ]FA]H; Efrgmmfýa; @J 3, 8/9 Mhrrgtgrh h Jhshyh NGYYBJHS; Efrgmmfýa; Jgrmheb Cugjigs 8. Lhj Lhjfah fah Hat Hatfeg fegrrh rrhph phatg atg;; sg nhirfmh ihkb lh gspgmfnfmhmfýa H]UJ-H-43>,

ga drhebs eg hmgrb; ]HG-8??3, ]HG-8?8? y H]UJ H-=>. Uhjifæa sg bnrgmg ga rbllbs eg =>µµ y 53µµ eg hamcb. Mhlfirg ¼‖‖

Gspgsbr puldheh ?.97

jj >.=7

_gsb tgýrfmb @d/ pfg @d/j 79.== 5.3>

=/8>‖‖

?.834

5.47

=6.85

=.>5

8? 8/3‖‖ 88 89

?.8=57 ?.897 ?.886> ?.8?5>

=.59 =.83 =.?5 9.>>

93.87 9>.8> 97.?= 98.36

9.>9 9.5= 9.== 9.?=

_gsb pbr Cbkh = x 8? 5 x 8? 857.3 865.57 5 8?6.? 857.57 6 43.5> 8?5.>8 49.68 64.98 >6.4> 6=.?8 >8.?8 38.=7

= 85

35 64 ?.?4

9.6 93 8

83 7.4 >4 5

8.4 55 7

7 59 =.= 78 6

9

9

>6 7 3.4 87 9

Gl prgmfb vhrêh egseg uah lèjfah eg 8/3 eg >? x >? mj eg $9,=89 eg 89 lèjfahs pgrb pbr uah gs eg $ 9=8 chsth eg uah eg >? x 89? mj mba ua prgmfb eg $ 5,>97 lhs 89 y pbr uah $5>5. 9. suilfagh; Jurb

Jbeglb; Haegs Mblbr; Ilhamb Jgefeh; 9? x =? mj Jhrmh; _brmglhaftg Efsgøb; Lfsb Ugxturh; Irfllhatgs (mrfsthlfabs) Wsbs ga; Mbmfah, gsthamfh, shlh, mbjgebr, rgmhjhrh y ihøb  Hirhsfba; Ab hplfmh Ygsfstgamfh hl rhyheb; 9-5 Jbcs Ygsfstgamfh h lh nlgxfýa; 83? @d/m j  Hatfegrrhphatg; Ab hplfmh hplfmh _fgzhs eg mhkhs; 95 Jgtrbs pbr mhkh; 8.7 _rgmfb; $ 84=.38 9

=. Lhj Lhjfah fah eg z zfam fam dhl dhlvha vhafzh fzheh; eh; gspgsbr mhlfirg 9>(?.57jj) mba ua

hamcb eg = pfgs y lhrdb eg 3 pfgs mba ua prgmfb eg $ 88.=7 mba uah 9

puldheh eg ?.?86 y ua jjphrh eg ?.56=, @d/jeg  tgmcb. eg =.438 y sg utflfzh ga lh mbastrummfýa eg vfvfgaehs muifgrths

 

5. Il Ilbq bqug ug eg >µµ; >µµ; Efjgasfba;> x 3 x 8>µµ

 Hamcb rghl; 85mj Lhrdb gstèaehr; =6 mj _gsb; 85 `d (=?.3lis)

Mhrhmtgrêstfmhs Jgmèafmhs; Ygsfstgamfh eg Mbjprgsfýa ]fjplg (_]F);

AUBA 863? jêafjh.

Hisbrmfýa eg Hduh;

AUBA 8?.? jèx.

Egasfehe (@d/j=);

AUBA 9??? jfa.

7. Lè Lèjf jfah ah ttrb rbqu qugl glhe heh h 6M 6M;; Lh lhjfah eg zfam trbquglheh eg 89Ômugsth

M$74>. Gspgsbr jj ?.>?jj ?.4?jj 8jj 8.9?jj

Drbsbr   jj ?.>?jj ?.47jj ?.6?jj 8.7?jj

Lbadftue pfgs B‖ h 57µ B‖ h 57µ B‖ h 57µ B‖ h 57µ

_gsb @d/jt 7.45 4.83 3.>8 85.=7

 Hamcb ûtfl jj 6 8 5 jj 6 8 5 jj 6 8 5 jj 6 8 5 jj

>. suilfagh; Jurb

Jbeglb; ^grbah Mblbr; Hzul Jgefeh; 9?.> x =?.3 mj Jhrmh; Lhjbsh Efsgøb; Lfsb Ugxturh; Irfllhatgs  Hirhsfba; Ab hplfmh  Hatfegrrhphatg; Ab hplfmh hplfmh _fgzhs eg mhkhs; 95 _rgmfb pbr jgtrb; $ 895.6? _rgmfb pbr mhkh; $ 836.37 _gsb pbr mhkh; 83.8> `d Wsb; Fatgrfbr  4. Yg Ygpg pgll llb b er eryt ytgm gm;; gspgsbr; =jj h 7 jj mba ua pgsb; 5?`d, sgjf

cferýnudb, nèmfl hplfmhmfýa, gxmglgatg hecgrgamfh, gxmglgatg nlgxfiflfehe y gvfth nfsurh pbr mbatrhmmfbags plèstfmhs y gl prgmfb mbasth eg 5.66 h 7.66 eýlhrgs.

 

3.  Lhjfah eg _lywbbe; Gsths lhjfahs sba nhirfmhehs h phrtfr eg ua

mbakuatb eg lèjfahs b mchphs eg jhegrh egshrrbllheh b lhjfahehs, uafehs gatrg sê mba hecgsfvbs, eg thl nbrjh qug lh nfirh eg uah mchph qugeh pgrpgaefmulhr h lh heyhmgatg. Gspgsbr; 8/5 (7.9jj)  Hamcb;5 pfgs Lhrdb;3 _rgmfb; $pfgs 87.34 6. Lbs m mllhvbs; pugega mlhsfnfmhrsg sgdûa su efèjgtrb, æstg vhrêh rgdulhrjgatg gatrg 9? y =9 jj, ga prbpbrmfýa h lh lbadftue, huaqug thjifæa gxfstga mlhvbs pbr sbirg lbs 7? jj. H jhybr gspgsbr jhybr lbadftue pbsfilg y pbr gaeg jhybr pgagtrhmfýa y mba ua prgmfb pbr lfirh eg 83 mbrebihs. Efèjgtrb

Lbadftue

9?jj - =/52

Jèxfjb eg 7? jj - 9 y ua jêafjb eg =? jj - 8 ¼.

97.5jj - 82

Jèxfjb eg 4> jj - =2 y ua jêafjb eg =? jj - 8 ¼.

93jj - 8 8/32

Jèxfjb eg 6? jj - = º2 y ua jêafjb eg 7? jj ” 9.

=?jj - 8 ¼2

Jèxfjb eg 6? jj - = º2 y ua jêafjb eg 7? jj ” 9.

Lbadftuegs mbjuags mlhvbs jj/puldhehs 97.5

8

=8.3

8¼

=3.8

8º

7?.3 >=.7

9 9º

4>.9

=

33.6

=º

8?8.>

5

894

7

879.5

>

9?=.9

3

 

8?.Lhjfah eg zfam lfsh lfsh;; Lèjfah eg [fam Dhlvhafzheh, gs utflfzheh ga lh

nhirfmhmfýa eg mujirgrhs phrh tgmcbs mbjb nbrrbs y ga lh cbkhlhtgrêh Gspgsbr; Mhlfirg 9>(?.57jj)  Hamcb;5 pfgs Lhrdb;3 pfgs _rgmfb; $8>.55 88. Lèjfah eg pblf hlujfafb nbrjhtb UF_B H]IG]UB (U.H.) Ybkh mba ua prgmfb eg $ 976 lhs 89 y pbr uah $98.73 , mugath mba ebs jgefehs; jgefehs; 

8.?? x 9.55 Jts : 9.55 j9



8.?? x =.?? Jts : =.? j9

Ubehs lhs lèjfahs mugatha mba ua drbsbr eg 7 jjs (+/- 8), hsê mbjb sus jgefehs pbr lh mugstfýa eg trhslhpg.  Èrgh utflfzhilg; 

Lèjfah 9.55; Jgefehs eg ?.6? x 9.=? : 9.?4 j9 

Lèjfah =.? ; Jgefehs eg ?.6? x 9.37 : 9.7> j9  ^gathkhs





Ugrjb-hmûstfmhs



Gmblýdfmhs



Lhrdh eurhmfýa eg vfeh



Nlgxfilgs



Ygsfstgatgs hl fjphmtb



 Nèmflgs eg trhaspbrthr 





Fabxfehilgs Lfdgrhs ( 7.7 h >.7 @ds / J9)

89.^hrfllh mbrrudheh; ^hrfllh mbrrudheh eg hmgrb, nhirfmheh h phrtfr eg

jhtgrfh prfjh eg prfjgrh mhlfehe, utflfzheh ga gl mhjpb eg lh faeustrfh y lh mbastrummfýa prfamfphljgatg. Gspgsbr; 8/9 (89.4jj) Lhrdb; >jts Mbjpbsfmfýa egl Hmgrb; Drheb 5? _rgmfb; $ 4.64 8=.Lhjfah dypsuj ;lhs lèjfahs eg Dypsuj tfgaga efjgasfbags eg 5 pfgs

eg hamcb, 3 pfgs eg lhrdb y 8/9 puldheh eg gspgsbr, qug sg egabth ga

 

tærjfabs dgagrhlgs eg lh sfdufgatg nbrjh 5 S 3 S º 0 gqufvhlgatg ga gl sfstgjh jætrfmb fatgrahmfbahl h 8.99 j S 9.55 j S 89.4 jj. Mba ua prgmfb eg $ 9=.6? _faturh hatfmbrrbsfvh; =3 - 59 j9/dhl Ugýrfmb h 8 jfls G_] (Gspgsbr eg pglêmulh sgmh). Gl rgaefjfgatb pugeg vgrsg hngmtheb pbr frrgdulhrfehegs eg lh supgrnfmfg, jætbeb eg hplfmhmfýa, gspgsbr eg lh pglêmulh g fatgasfehe egl mblbr egl hmhiheb y lh ihsg ebaeg sg hplfmh. Jbeglb prbtgmtb eg 8 dhlýa mba ua prgmfb eg $ 85.>8 85.Ibaegx; tfgag ua pgsb eg 97 `d y mba ua prgmfb eg $ 4.66

^GAUHKH]; Gxmglgatg hecgrgamfh. Drha trhihkhiflfehe0 mbasfstgamfh mrgjbsh. _ugeg gsthr ihkb fajgrsfýa eg hduh pbthilg. Yèpfeb eg prgphrhr, sýlb hdrgdug hduh. Eurhegrb0 mbatfgag hrgah eg hlth mhlfehe y lfjpfh. Ab mbatfgag hrgah eg jhr af eg rêb. Mujplg lhs abrjhs HA]F H883.8 g FAUG M8?9.

    



87. _grlfa agdrb; Gl prgmfb egl pgrlfa vhrfh pgrb gl gstèaehr sgrêh eg $ 87.9>

Efjgasfbags C

I

Gspgsbr M

jj

Èrgh

Gkg xx

t

H

lx

]x

rx

jj

mj9

mj5

mj=

mj

4?

7?

89

8.7

9.45

99.8

>.==

9.35

8??

7?

89

8.7

=.86

7?.7

8?.8

=.63

8??

7?

89

9.=3

5.6=

4>.7

87.=

=.65

8??

7?

89

=.84

>.?7

63.>

86.49

=.6

87?

7?

89

8.7

=.65

8=?.>

84.59

7.4>

87?

7?

89

9.=3

>.89

866.>

9>.>8

7.48

9??

7?

89

8.7

5.6>

9>?

9>

4.57

 

Efjgasfbags C

I

Gspgsbr M

jj

Èrgh

Gkg xx

t

H

lx

]x

rx

jj

mj9

mj5

mj=

mj

9??

7?

89

9.=3

4.=

=66.9

=6.69

4.=6

9??

7?

89

=.84

6.>3

798.=

79.8=

4.=5



C : hlturh eg lh sgmmfýa



I : ihsg eg lh sgmmfýa



M : mgkh (pgsthøh)



t : gspgsbr eg lh phrge



H : èrgh eg lh sgmmfýa



lx : jbjgatb eg fagrmfh eg lh sgmmfýa mba rgspgmtb hl gkg x



]x : jýeulb glèstfmb eg lh sgmmfýa mba rgspgmtb hl gkg x



rx : rhefb eg dfrb eg lh sgmmfýa mba rgspgmtb hl gkg x



ly : jbjgatb eg fagrmfh eg lh sgmmfýa mba rgspgmtb hl gkg y



ry : rhefb eg dfrb eg lh sgmmfýa mba rgspgmtb hl gkg y 8>.Hebquêa tfpb trhnfmb; Ufgag ua prgmfb eg $9=? pbr jgtrb Hltb

Hamcb

Lhrdb

8?mj

99mj

95mj

=,7?? psf _gsb; 9= lis (8jt 9: 9? hebqufags) 84.Ibrefllb; Ufgag ua prgmfb eg $3.=9

Wsb;

Ibregs ga mhrrgtgrh

Efjgasfbags;

9? S == S 7? mj

 Hltb;

9? mj

 

 Hamcb;

== mj

Lhrdb;

7? mj

Mhrhmtgrêstfmhs Nêsfmh; _gsb;

47 @d

Mhatfehe pbr jl;

9 uafehegs

Mhrhmtgrêstfmhs Jgmèafmhs; Ygsfstgamfh eg Mbjprgsfýa ]fjplg (_]F);

9???, 97?? y =??? jfa

 Hisbrmfýa Jèxfjh;

4.?%

83. Hlhjirg irfllhatg; gs nhirfmheb h phrtfr eg hmgrbs eg ihkb mhribab, gstg jhtgrfhl sg prgsgath ga efèjgtrbs qug vha eg 8,5? h >,9? jj. Mba ua pgsb ga rbllb eg 59.7 h 7?? `d, eg 8 jgtrb h 7 jgtrb mugsth gatrg ?.33-8.44 eblhrgs. 86.Lhs drhphs dhlvhafzhehs; sba hlhjirgs eg hmgrb agdrbs b

dhlvhafzhebs ga nbrjh eg «W° b «^° mmba ba puaths nflbshs ga h hjibs jibs gxtrgjbs qug sg utflfzha ga lhs fasthlhmfbags eg lbs hlhjirgs e eg g pûhs, jhllhs drheuhehs y jhllhs cgxhdbahlgs. Efjgasfbags Lbadftue

Mhlfirg

_gsb pbr mhkh

puldhehs

jj

jj

`d

8

95

=.3?

9=

8 8/3

93

=.3?

9=

8 8/5

=9

=.3?

9=

Mba ua prgmfb pbr mhkh eg $ 949 9?._fsb Dble Bh`; Ufgag ua gspgsbr eg 89 jj mba ua nbrjhtb eg 86.= x

8=3 mj mba ua gstflb puræ, mba ua prgmfb eg $847 pbr mhkh 98._fsb Mgrhjfmb Gjpgerheb; Mba ua prgmfb pbr mhkh eg $88.>=

 

Jgtrbs pbr mhkh; 8.55 j9 (6 pfgzhs) Uhjhøb; 5?x5?mj Mblbr; Drfs Ufpb; Mgrèjfmh Hmhiheb; Yûstfmb Brfdga; Jæxfmb Jhrmh; Lhjbsh 99.Ufrh Eg Jhegrh Eg _fab; Ufgag ua gspgsbr  eg  eg 3 Jj S =7 Jj S 9.53,

Jts =? _zs mba ua prgmfb eg $>9?. Jhtgrfhl; pfab Lhrdb;95? mj