La Universidad Humanista Por Miguel Giusti

 

Ln uhcvarscmnm duenhcstn. Pfr Ecgual Gcustc. ]fenmf ma? Al Jfearjcf. Mcspfhcbla ah? dtps?//aljfearjcf.pa/almfechcjnl/uhcvarscmnmduenhcsn-hfjcn-=74470.. Jfhsuln 3/03/20>3 duenhcsn-hfjcn-=74470

Qhn railaxcúh sfbra al astnmf njtunl ma ln amujnjcúh suparcfr ah huastrf pnås y al axtrnhoarf ah uhn ãpfjn scghnmn pfr al earjnmf.

Zagÿh al nutfr, al aspårctu ma ln uhcvarscmnm sa dn vcstf nltarnmf pfr ln lúgcjn junhtctntcvn y earjnhtcl. [Iftf? Hnhjy Jdnppall / nrjdcvfU

Masma dnja uh tcaepf sa vcaha fbsarvnhmf chtarhnjcfhnleahta uhn tahmahjcn n ramujcr, junhmf hf sceplaeahta n alcechnr, jursfs f jnrrarns ma duenhcmnmas ah ln if ifre renj njcú cúh h uh uhcv cvar arsc sctn tnrc rcn. n. As Astf tf fj fjur urra ra hf sf sfln lnea eaht htaa ah ln lnss ll llne nenm nmns ns “uhcva “uh cvars rscmn cmnmas mas jfh ich ichas as ma luj lujrf― rf― (ax (axpra prascú scúh h qua qua,, ah sa sahtc htcmf mf ast astrcj rcjtf, tf, as uh uhn n jfhtrnmcjjcúh ah lfs tãrechfs), schf ah eujdns ftrns trnmcjcfhnlas y pÿblcjns, lf qua dn trnåmf jfhscgf uhn vnstn pflãecjn sfbra sc lns duenhcmnmas sfh ÿtclas f supa su pari rilu luns ns ah ln am amuj ujnj njcú cúh h su supa parc rcfr fr.. Pa Parf rf ah as astn tn pf pflã lãec ecjn jn dn dny y eî eîss ma uh aspaocsef qua jfhvcaha njlnrnr pnrn ahtahmar lf qua ranleahta astî ah ouagf trns ln tahmahjcn chmcjnmn. Al prcear aspaocsef jfhscsta ah jraar qua al prfblaen as chtarhf n ln uhcvarscmnm, as majcr, qua sa trntn sceplaeahta ma majcmcr juîhtfs y quã jursfs ma duenhcmnmas dnh ma fir firaj ajars arsaa n lfs astumcnh astumcnhtas tas ma jun junlqu lqucar car jn jnrra rrarn, rn, y qua pfr allf jn jnmn mn uhcv uh cvar arsc scmn mnm m pu puam amaa ra rasf sflv lvar ar al ns nsuh uhtf tf n su en enha harn rn.. Dn Dny, y, ah as asaa sa saht htcm cmf, f, uhcvar uhc varscm scmnma nmass qua sa pra prajc jcnh nh ma tah tahar ar eu eujd jdfs fs ju jursf rsfss ma due duenh nhcmn cmnmas mas y ma firajarlfs n lfs nluehfs ma tfmns lns injultnmas, cengchnhmf qua ma asta efmf prfe pr feua uava vah h uh uhn n ju jult ltur urn n du duen enhå håst stcj cjn n y jr jray ayah ahmf mf mc mcia iara rahj hjcn cnrs rsaa ns nsåå ma ft ftrn rnss uhcvarscmnmas qua hf lf dnjah. Parf al pr Parf prfb fbla laen en hf rn rnmc mcjn jn nl nllå lå.. Al va varm rmnm nmar arf f pr prfb fbla laen en jf jfhs hscs csta ta ah qu quaa ln uhcvar uhc varscm scmnm nm ec ecsen sen sa dn cmf tr trnh nhsif sifre renhm nhmf f jf jfh h al tca tcaep epf f ah uhn gcg gcgnh nhtas tasjn jn enqu en quch chnr nrcn cn bu burf rfjr jrît îtcj cjn, n, ah uh uhn n ch chmu must strc rcn n nj njnm nmãe ãecj cjn n ch chta tarh rhnj njcf cfhn hnll qu quaa as asahj asa hjcnl cnleah eahta ta jfh jfhtr trnrc nrcn n nl as aspår pårctu ctu ma lns due duenh nhcmn cmnmas mas.. As chs chscgh cghcic cicjn jnhta hta ln

 

ralavnhjcn qua puamn tahar lf qua sa ahsaþa nllå ah entarcn ma jcahjcns duenhns, pfrqua ln lay gaharnl qua ceparn ah alln jfhtrnmcja ah lfs dajdfs asn ahsaþnhzn. ]fmns lns njtcvcmnmas ma ln vcmn njnmãecjn ”masma al mcjtnmf ma lfs jursfs dnstn ln ranlcz ran lcznjc njcúh úh ma chv chvast astcgn cgnjcf jcfhas has,, mas masma ma al ra ragcs gcstrf trf ma lns pub publcj lcjnjc njcfha fhass dns dnstn tn al trnbnof eîs rutchnrcf” dnh scmf trnmujcmns ifrznmneahta n prfjasfs ma gastcúh, mcvcmc mcv cmcmfs mfs ah ja jahta htahnr hnras as ma chm chmcjn cjnmfr mfras as y bno bnof f uhn lúg lúgcjn cjn avn avnlun lunmfr mfrn n ma tcp tcpf f junh ju nhtc tctn tntc tcvf vf.. Jf Jfht htrn rnmc mcjc jcah ahmf mf nb nbca cart rtne neah ahta ta ln hn hntu turn rnla lazn zn ju junl nlct ctnt ntcv cvn n ma ln gaharnjcúh mal jfhfjcecahtf y ma ln jrantcvcmnm jcahtåicjn, sa pratahma prfefvar ln “jnlcmnm― ma lns njtcvcmnmas njnmãecjns pfr eamcf ma chstrueahtfs ma eamcjcúh y  ma pnrî pnrîeatr eatrfs fs astn astnhmnr hmnrcznmf cznmfss ma gast gastcúh. cúh. Ah asta trnsplnhta trnsplnhta ma ln eah eahtnlc tnlcmnm mnm garahjcnl n ln vcmn njnmãecjn hf dn dnbcmf scqucarn ln prafjupnjcú prafjupnjcúh h pfr raspatnr ln hfea hf eahj hjln lntu turn rn uh uhcv cvar arsc sctn tnrc rcn, n, ma ef efmf mf tn tnll qu quaa lf lfss pr prfi fias asfr fras as sf sfef efss nd ndfr frn n “prfva “pr fvaamf amfra ras― s―;; lfs nl nlueh uehfs, fs, “j “jlc lcaht ahtas― as―;; ln lnss chv chvast astcgn cgnjcf jcfhas has,, “r “rasu asult ltnmf nmfs― s― f “prfmujtfs―, y nså sujascvneahta. ¶Júef dn scmf pfscbla qua ln uhcvarscmnm suirn saeaonhta trnhsifrenjcúh y, sfbra tfmf, qua astn dnyn llagnmf n cepfharsa ah al euhmf ahtarf6 Ln varmnm, dn fjurr fju rrcmf cmf jf jfh h al alln ln lf qua jfh eu eujdn jdnss ftr ftrns ns chs chstct tctuj ujcfh cfhas as sfj sfjcnl cnlas as sfe sfeatc atcmns mns nl prfjasf ma glfbnlcznjcúh? qua lfs ceparntcvfs ajfhúecjfs y earjnh earjnhtclas tclas mal scstaen dnh pnsnmf pfr ahjcen ma lns chstnhjcns pflåtcjns f maefjrîtcjns (as majcr, lf dnh dajdf chjfhsultneahta) pnrn ceplnhtnr ln lúgcjn mal earjnmf y ln gastcúh ma sus chtarasas jfef sc astfs iuarnh ln jlnva mal iuhjcfhnecahtf ma ln sfjcamnm (y ma ln uhcvarscmnm). Lfs prfiasfras y lfs nluehfs daefs vcstf, jfh tnhtn cepftahjcn jfef masjfh mas jfhjca jcartf rtf,, qua sa ce cepfh pfhån ån sfb sfbra ra hf hfsft sftrfs rfs uh frm frmah ah ma jfs jfsns ns chm chmasa asanbl nblaa y  ifrîhaf, jfh ln iuarzn chjfhtahcbla ma uh tsuhnec y jfef sc iuasa uh prfjasf crravarscbla, crravarscbl a, nuhqua, jlnrf astî, tnebcãh dn jfhtnmf jfh ln jfeplcjcmnm ma uh buah hÿearf ma nutfrcmnmas lfjnlas qua, pfr rnzfhas vnrcns, sa dnh maonmf samujcr pfr lfs jnhtfs ma scrahn mal scstaen.   * * * Pnrn qua astn gcgnhtasjn enquchnrcn burfjrîtcjn lfgra jfhtrflnr lfs chhuearnblas prfjasfs, ranlas f chvahtnmfs, ma ln vcmn njnmãecjn, dnja inltn hnturnleahta uhn cgunleahta nbultnmn jlnsa ma iuhjcfhnrcfs ma ln amujnjcúh suparcfr. Mahtrf ma jnmn uhcvarscmnm, ah jnmn pnås y tnebcãh ah al plnhf chtarhnjcfhnl? uhn axtahsn ram ma avnlunmfras,, supuastneahta axpartfs ah gastcúh, ahjnrgnmfs ma ln nplcjnjcúh ma lfs avnlunmfras chmcjnmfras junhtctntcvfs junhtctntcvfs qua ecmnh al iuhjcfhneca iuhjcfhnecahtf htf ma ln eîquchn. Jfh crfhån y  ngumazn praefhctfrcns, al iclúsfif Knht, qucah iua våjtcen ma lfs nhtapnsnmfs ma astfs iuhjcfhnrcfs, lfs llnenbn “hagfjcnhtas mal jfhfjcecahtf―? allfs hf prfmujah hc pfsaah al jfhfjcecahtf qua prfmujah y pfsaah lfs prfiasfras, parf sa lns dnh chgahcnmf pnrn jfhvartcrsa ah iuhjcfhnrcfs qua cepfhah ndfrn n lfs prfiasfras lfs pnrîeatrfs ma su njtcvcmnm njnmãecjn, njnmãecjn, y dnh dajdf ma asf al hagfjcf ma su vcmn. Astn avflujcúh ma ln uhcvarscmnm, majån, as jfhtrnrcn n ln julturn duenhåstcjn, pfrqua pfrq ua sc nl nlgf gf hf hfss dn dnh h ah ahsa saþn þnmf mf ln lnss du duen enhc hcmn mnma mass ah ln dc dcst stfr frcn cn as qu quaa ln jrantcvcmnm y ln chhfvnjcúh mal jfhfjcecahtf tcahah qua hutrcrsa ma lns dfhmns

 

rnåjas ma ln trnmcjcúh, masnrrfllnrsa ah lcbartnm, hf nmectcr sfeatcecahtf nlguhf n lfs pfm pfmara arass tae taepfr pfrnl nlas as (tn (tnepf epfjf jf nl mal ea earj rjnmf nmf), ), ne neplc plcnr nr jfh jfhtch tchune uneaht ahtaa al sahtcmf ma lf duenhf, chtarasnrsa pfr lns jranjcfhas ma ftrns julturns, prfefvar uhn jfhmujtn ãtcjn sflcmnrcn, jultcvnr lns nrtas; ah uhn pnlnbrn, sagucr lnbrnhmf y  rahfvnhmf al cmanl ma duenhcmnm qua sa ahjuahtrn ah ln bnsa ma ln iuhmnjcúh ma ln uhcvarscmnm. Al iclúsfif irnhjãs Onjquas Marrcmn publcjú al nþf 200> uh yn lagahmnrcf ahsnyf tctulnmf “Ln uhcvarscmnm sch jfhmcjcúh (grnjcns n lns duenhcmnmas)―. Zfstcaha nllå, jfhv jf hvah ahjc jcmf mf ma as astn tnrr ra rajf jfgc gcah ahmf mf ln ch chsp spcr crnj njcú cúh h eî eîss pr prfi fiuh uhmn mn ma ln cm cman an ma uhcvarscmnm ah ln dcstfrcn, qua n alln mabarån rajfhfjãrsala hf sflf ln nutfhfeån njnmãecjn, schf nmaeîs uhn lcbartnm “chjfhmcjcfhnl― ma jråtcjn y ma prfmujjcúh ma jfhfjcecahtf sch astnr sfeatcmn n lfs raquarcecahtfs cheamcntfs f utclctnrcfs mal earjnmf. S astf sflf as pfscbla, pcahsn, grnjcns n lns duenhcmnmas. Lf qua ndfrn maicha ln uhcvarscmnm, pfr al jfhtrnrcf, as uhn cheahsn ram ma jfhmcjcfhnecahtfs junhtctntcvfs jfh prfpúsctfs utclctnrcfs qua ndfgnh al trnbnof njnmãecjf, bnhnlcznh ln chvastcgnjcúh y ahtfrpajah ln bÿsquamn ma ln varmnm.

Al mabnta, ln jråtcjn y ln julturn duenhåstcjn dnh parectcmf masma sus chcjcfs al masnrrfllf ma ln uhcvarscmnm jfef chstctujcúh. [Iftf? Snal Rfons / nrjdcvfU

Ah aiajtf, lf pafr ma tfmf as qua al scstaen burfjrîtcjf hf sflf as jfhtrnrcf n ln asah as ahjc jcn n ma ln uh uhcv cvar arsc scmn mnm, m, sc schf hf qu quaa nm nmae aeîs îs hf iu iuhj hjcf cfhn hn.. Ea Eaof ofrr mc mcjd jdf? f? as jfhtrnprfmujahta, fbtcaha jfhtrnrcf lf eahta qua ta sa ln prfpfha. Asf lfhacmnm parjcbcefs n mcnrcf mcn rcf lfs pr prfia fiasfr sfras, as, qua lfnmv nmvart artcef cefss ma jlnrn jl nrneah inltn inl tn ma cmfhac cmf mnm ma lfs jrct jr ctar arcf cfss ju junh nhtc tctn tntc tcvf vfs; s; va vaef efss jú júef ef sa en enhc hcpu puln lnh h ln lnss jc jcir irns ns pn pnrn rn sc sceu euln lnrr prastnjcfhas y prfmujjcfhas njnmãecjns, y parmaefs nmaeîs eujdåscef tcaepf ah rallahnr ifreulnrcfs burfjrîtcjfs. Parf hf as sflf huastrn parjapjcúh. ]nebcãh dny astumcfs jcahtåicjfs qua hfs nmvcartah sfbra ln axcstahjcn ma asta jfhtrnsahtcmf. Al sfjcúlfgf Mfhnlm Jnepball, pfr aoaeplf, ifreulú n ichas mal scglf pnsnmf, jfef rasultnmf ma sus chvastcgnjcfhas aepårcjns, ln scgucahta tascs, jfhfjcmn ndfrn jfef ln lay ma Jnepball? “Junhtf eîs sa utclczn uh chmcjnmfr sfjcnl junhtctntcvf pnrn ln tfen ma majcscfhas sfjcnlas, enyfr sarî ln prascúh n ln qua astnrî suoatf y eîs prfbnbla sarî qua mcstfrscfha y jfrrfepn lfs prfjasfs sfjcnlas qua supuastneahta maba efhctfranr― (Jnepball, (Jnepball, >379). Astf as axnjtneahta lf qua astî pnsnhmf jfh ln jultur jul turn n avn avnlun luntcv tcvn n nj njtun tunll ah lns uhc uhcvar varscm scmnma nmas? s? lfs chm chmcjn cjnmfr mfras as jun junhtc htctnt tntcvf cvfss chtrfmujcmfs jfh al ich ma eaofrnr ln jnlcmnm ma lns njtcvcmnmas njnmãecjns astîh

 

prfmujcahmf al aiajtf jfhtrnrcf? su mcstfrscúh, su jfrrupjcúh, su bnhnlcznjcúh, ln mcsechujcúh ma ln jnlcmnm.   * * * Pnrn avctnr enlahtahmcmfs, maof ah jlnrf qua astns railaxcfhas hf tcahah hc pfr nsfef ln chtahjcúh ma maiahmar lns uhcvarscmnmas qua sa dnllnh ah al axtraef fpuastf, as majcr, qua hf nmectah hchgÿh jfhtrfl ma jnlcmnm. Mciåjcl cengchnr uhn sctunjcúh eîs lneahtnbla qua ln ma huastrf pnås, mfhma sa jfhougnh enlas euy  mcvarsfs mabcmfs n ln nhnrquån mal scstaen uhcvarsctnrcf, nl nbnhmfhf mal Astnmf y n ln prflciarnjcúh chmcsjrcechnmn ma hagfjcfs njnmãecjfs. Parf hf as ma allf qua sa dnbln nquå, hc ma lfs nljnhjas f lns maicjcahjcns ma ln lay uhcvarsctnrcn. Lf qua daefs puastf pua stf eîs bca bcah h ah prc prcear ear plnhf plnhf dn scm scmf f ln tah tahmah mahjcn jcn gaharnl gaharnl ma ln ju jultu lturn rn avnluntc avnl untcvn vn chta chtarhnj rhnjcfhn cfhnll y sus aiaj aiajtfs tfs par parhcjc hcjcfsfs fsfs,, nht nhtcduen cduenhåst håstcjfs, cjfs, sfbr sfbraa al sahtcmf mal quadnjar uhcvarsctnrcf. ¶Dny nl ¶Dny nlguh guhn n ifr ifren en ma fir firaja ajarr ras rascst cstahj ahjcn cn nh nhta ta as astn tn tah tahmah mahjcn jcn glf glfbnl bnl66 Ast Astfy  fy  jfhvahjcmf ma qua så ln dny, pasa nl enlastnr gaharnlcznmf qua sa vcva ah lfs jlnustrfs uhcvarsctnrcfs ma tfmf al euhmf y qua astî llavnhmf n eujdfs prfiasfras n nbnhmfhnr ln uhcvarscmnm. Ln rascstahjcn as pfscbla, ah prcear lugnr, pfrqua astn tahmah tahm ahjc jcn n as astî tî jf jfhm hmah ahnm nmn n nl ir irnj njns nsf; f; tn tnrm rmaa f ta taep eprn rnhf hf,, ln lnss jf jfeu euhc hcmn mnma mass uhcvarsctnrcns sa jfhvahjarîh ma qua ln burfjrnjcn ma ln amujnjcúh suparcfr astî mcstfrscfhnhmf, ah ln tafrån y ah ln prîjtcjn, ln asahjcn ma ln uhcvarscmnm. S lf as tnebcãh, ah saguhmf lugnr, pfrqua lf qua nquå llnenefs “julturn duenhåstcjn― hf sa rastrchga n uh tcpf matarechnmf ma jursfs f n uhn injultnm ah pnrtcjulnr, schf jfhjcarha eîs bcah n tfmfs lfs prfiasfras ma ln uhcvarscmnm, ma tfmns lns injultnmas? as uhn jfhvcjjcúh prfiuhmn sfbra al sahtcmf ecsef ma huastrf trnbnof y sfbra ln hajascmnm ma maiahmarlf irahta n ln earjnh earjnhtclcznjcúh tclcznjcúh y ln bnhnlcznjcúh ma ln julturn. As uhn jnusn qua gnhnrî ln nmdascúh ma eujdfs prfiasfras y pfr ln qua vnla ln pahn aepaznr n firajar rascstahjcn.>

> Eujdns ma lns cmans axpuastns nquå iuarfh mcsjutcmns ah al jfhgrasf chtarhnjcfhnl Al Jf Jfhi hilc lcjt jtf f ma ln lnss In Inju jult ltnm nmas as.. Zf Zfbr braa ln Qh Qhcv cvar arsc scmn mnm m y al Za Zaht htcm cmf f ma ln lnss Due Du enhcm cmn nma mas, s, ran anllcz cznm nmf f ah ln PQ PQJ JP, ma mall 1 nl 4 ma sa satc tcae aebr braa ma mall 20> 0>7 7? dttp?//jfhgrasf.pujp.amu.p dttp?//jfhg rasf.pujp.amu.pa/duenhcmnma a/duenhcmnmas/. s/.