La Metrología en La Industria Automotriz

 

3: em bnvlmicrm emd 3737

Imtrndnoéh mb dh lbeustrlh Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

Hcrhjhi Shiérmz Knrtms LB[ULU]UN WNDLUMKBLKN BHKLNBHD

 

Lbtrneukklûb

Dh Imtrndnoéh ms dh klmbklh em dhs imelklnbms0 su prlimr hbtmkmembtm mb Iìxlkn ehth em 8:=?, kuhben md phés henptû md [lstmih Iìtrlkn Emklihd. Dh lipnrthbklh em dh imtrndnoéh rhelkh mb prnpnrklnbhr md ihrkn em rmfmrmbklh phrh jhkmr qum tneh lblklhtlvh rmdhklnbheh knb dh bnrihdlzhklûb smh fhktlcdm. Dh imtrndnoéh dmohd, klmbtéflkh n lbeustrlhd, ms ubh jmrrhilmbth cèslkh em dh khdlehe, qum hsmourh dh mxhktltue em dhs imelklnbms y knbfnrih ubh em dhs chsms sncrm dhs qum sm rmhflrihb thbtn md emshrrnddn lbeustrlhd knin dh kmrtmzh em dhs trhbshkklnbms knimrklhdms. Mb ihtmrlh em imelklnbms, md Kmbtrn Bhklnbhd em Imtrndnoéh ms md dhcnrhtnrln bhklnbhd em rmfmrmbklh. Knbkmbtrh sus msfumrzns mb msthcdmkmr dhs ublehems em imelklûb knb dhs iès hdths kuhdlehems imtrndûolkhs y khphklehems klmbtéflkhs y tìkblkhs pnslcdms. Ncamtlvn

Dh imtrnd imtrndnoé noéh h lbeus lbeustrl trlhd hd sm knbk knbkmbt mbtrh rh mb ohrh ohrhbtl btlzh zhrr md usn usn knrrm knrrmktn ktn em dns lbstruimbtns lbstruimb tns em imeleh qum sm utldlzhb mb dhs miprmshs em tlpn lbeustrlhd. [lmben iès knbkrmtns tnehvéh1 hsmourh dns lbstruimbtns lbstruimbtns em imelklûb qum sm mipdmhb mb dns prnkmsns em prneukklûb y vmrlflkhklûb. Md ncamtlvn prlbklphd ms prntmomr dh khdlehe em vleh em tnens hqumddns qum jhkmb usn em prneuktns fhcrlkhe ns em fnrih lbeustrlhd (mb mstm khsn em dns prneuktns em dh lbeustrlh hutnintrlz). Dh imtrndnoéh lbeustrlhd ohrhbtlzh md fubklnbhilmbtn hemkuhen em dns lbstruimbtns em imeleh utldlzhens mb md smktnr lbeustrlhd, thbtn mb md prnkmsn em mbshyn knin mb dh fhsm em prneukklûb, y dn jhkm h fhvnr emd clmbmsthr em dns knbsuilenrms elrmktn n lbelrmktns em prneuktns lbeustrlhdms. Austlflkhklûb Smshdth dh lipnrthbklh em dhs imelklnbms mb dh lbeustrlh knin phrtm em ubh kudturh imtrn imt rndûo dûolkh lkh qum qum pmrilt pmrilth h h dns dns phrtl phrtlkl klphb phbtms tms rmhdlz rmhdlzhr hr sus imelk imelklnb lnbms ms knb knb ub lbstruimbtn mxprnfmsn, knb trhstrhclddhe hd phtrûb prlihrln y kulehe emd jmrrhimbthd imtrndûolkn.

Dns lbstruimbtns em imelklûb vmrlflkhb y vhdlehb dns prnkmsns em lbvmstlohklûb y emshr em shrrn rnddn ddn.. Uhicl Uhiclìb ìb enkui enkuimbt mbthb hb dh khdle khdlehe he em dns dns prne prneukt uktns ns.. Hemiè Hemiès, s, sl bn mxls mxlstl tlms msm m dh mvnd mvnduk uklû lûb b mb dh imtr imtrnd ndno noéh éh thip thipnk nkn n sm smrp rplh lh pnsl pnslcd cdm m md hvhb hvhbkm km tmkbndûolkn.

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

Emshrrnddn

Dh imtrnd imtrndno noéh éh ms ubh ubh em dhs jmrrhi jmrrhilmb lmbths ths qum qum khrh khrhktm ktmrlz rlzh h dh lbeust lbeustrlh rlh em dh ihbufhkturh em jny mb eéh. [lb prnkmsns em imtrndnoéh bn ms pnslcdm hdkhbzhr dns mstèbehrms mstèbehr ms bmkmshrlns mb lbeustrlhs lbeustrlhs knin dh hmrnmsphklhd, hmrnmsphklhd, hutnintrlz, iìelkh, em ombmrhklûb em mbmroéh y indems, pnr klthr sûdn hdoubhs. Ms md rm rmqul qulsl tn slb sl b md kuhd ku hd bn pner pneréh éh ohrhb ohr tlzhr hrsm sm khdle khdlehe he, , knbf knbflhc lhcldl ldleh ehe e y prmklslûb emsltn dhs plmzhs ihbufhkturhehs pnrhbtlz ildms em dh thddmrms imthdimkèblkns y pdhbths pdhb ths em ihbufhk ihbufhkturh turh.. Mb msths msths lbeustrl lbeustrlhs, hs, dh imtrndn imtrndnoéh oéh sm knbvlmr knbvlmrtm tm mb md prnkmsn kdhvm phrh ehr ubh prumch ncamtlvh em dh khdlehe em ub prnkmsn n ub prneuktn, qum empmbemb em imelklnbms knbflhcdms imelhbtm mqulpns em imelklûb. Dh lbeus lbeustrl trlh h ihbuf ihbufhkt hkturm urmrh rh em Iìxlk Iìxlkn n jh mbtrh mbtrhen en h ub blvmd blvmd em prneu prneukk kklûb lûb lipnrthbtm mb md èicltn lbtmrbhklnbhd, prlbklphdimbtm knb dh lbvmrslûb em miprmshs lbtmrbhklnbhdms lbtmrbhk lnbhdms em dh lbeustrlh lbeustrlh hutnintrlz y hmrnmsphklhd, hmrnmsphklhd, qum jhb pumstn sus nans mb ubh rmolûb omnorèflkh omnorèflkh mstrhtìolkh y qum sm knbsndleh knin ub smktnr knbflhcdm knbflhcdm mb su sus s pr prnk nkms msns ns em ihbu ihbufh fhkt ktur urh h m lbom lbombl blmr mréh éh.. Wnr Wnr mddn mddn,, kheh kheh vmz vmz ms iès iès lipnrthbtm qum tnen thddmr imthdimkèblkn y pdhbth em prneukklûb kumbtm knb ub dhcnr dhc nrhtn htnrln rln n èrmh èrmh em imtrn imtrndno dnoéh éh qum qum dms dms crlbe crlbem m dh kmrtm kmrtmzh zh em qum qum tnen tnens s dns pr prnkm nkmsns sns y pr prne neukt uktns ns qum sm rmhdlk rmhdlkmb mb mb sus sus lbsth lbsthdhk dhklnb lnbms ms kuipdh kuipdhb b knb dns rmqulsltns em sus kdlmbtms, yh qum dhs tndmrhbklhs em prmklslûb snb kheh vmz iès mstrmkjhs. Dh imtrndnoéh aumoh ub phpmd fubehimbthd mb md prnkmsn prneuktlvn em vmjékudns y hutnphrtms mb tnehs dhs mthphs em dns prnkmsns em elsmøn y prneukklûb. Mb dh lbeustrlh hutnintrlz dh imtrndnoéh ms ubh jmrrhilmbth em khdlehe bmkmshrlh qum pmriltm msthcdmkmr md hsmourhilmbtn hsmourhilmbtn mb dh prneukklûb, rmhdlzhben imelklnbms imelklnbms hprnplhehs knb ubh hemkuheh rmfmrmbklh (trhzhcldlehe) h rmfmrmbklhs rmknbnklehs (p (pht htrn rnbm bms s fé fésl slkn kns s em imel imelkl klûb ûb), ), ombm ombmrh rhbe ben n hsé hsé dh kn knbf bflh lhcl cldl dleh ehe e em msth msths s imelklnbms. Mb md khsn em dh lbeustrlh hutnintrlz hutnintrlz dh hpdlkhklûb hpdlkhklûb em dh imtrndnoéh imtrndnoéh ms prlinrelhd prlinrelhd yh qum ombmrhdimbtm dhs phrtms em dns hutniûvldms snb hrihehs pnr elfmrmbtms elstrlculenrms, elstrlcu lenrms, pnr dn qum ms lipnrthbtm lipnrthbtm qum kheh plmzh kuipdh knb mstèbehrms em khdlehe lbtmrbhklnbhdms mb dn qum sm rmflmrm h dhs imelklnbms em dhs tndmrhbklhs, mx mxhkt hktltu ltue e y elimbs elimbslnb lnbms ms omniì omniìtr trlkh lkhs s em dhs plmzh plmzhs s qum qum sm prne prneuk ukmb mb mb dh ihbufhkturh em hutniûvldms y hutnphrtms, dns inemdns em prneukklûb mb ihsh fumrnb rmvnduklnbhens pnr dh lbtmrkhiclhcldlehe em dhs phrtms y dh smbklddmz emd mbshicdm. Mddn ncdloh h qum dh ihbufhkturh m lbspmkklûb em dhs phrtms kuipdhb dhs mspmklflkhklnbms em su elsmøn. Dhs èrmhs imtrndûolkhs iès lipnrthbtm y em liphktn phrh md smktnr hutnintrlz snb11 Elimbsln snb Elimbslnbhd bhd (Ièqulbh (Ièqulbhs s em imelklûb imelklûb pnr knnremb knnrembhehs hehs,, lbstruim lbstruimbtn btns s phrh phrh

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

imelr dnboltue imelr dnboltuems, ms, elimbsln elimbslnbms, bms, rmenbe rmenbemz, mz, msfmrlkl msfmrlklehe ehe,, mtkìtmr mtkìtmrh), h), phr tnrslnbh tnrslnbhd, d, prnplmehems em ihtmrlhdms, imthdnorhféh y vlcrhklnbms, mbtrm ntrhs. Dh lbeus lbeustrl trlh h hutn hutnint intrlz rlz emd emd phés phés ombm ombmrh rh ubh ubh phrt phrtlkl lklph phklû klûb b lipnrt lipnrthb hbtm tm mb md emshrrnddn mknbûilkn bhklnbhd1 hpnrth h dh invldlehe em dhs pmrsnbhs phrh qum rmhdlkmb sus hktlvlehems kntlelhbhs, hsé knin slrvm phrh dh khroh em imrkhemréh qum sm knimrklhdlzh embtrn y fumrh emd phés. Mstm smktnr knbtrlcuym h dh mknbniéh mb hrhbkmdms, lipumstns y ombmrhklûb em mipdmn. Mb dh imtrndnoéh em lbomblmréh sm utldlzhb ubh orhb vhrlmehe em lbstruimbtns em imelklûb, y kheh ubn knb sus prnplhs y iuy pmkudlhrms khrhktmréstlkhs. Unens y kheh khe h ubn em mddns mddns sm elfmrmb elfmrmbklh klhs s pnr hpdlkhklûb hpdlkhklûb,, rmsnduk rmsnduklûb, lûb, prmklslûb prmklslûb y ntrhs ntrhs khrhktmréstlkhs. Ens tìrilbns qum sm utldlzhb kniñbimbtm phrh emskrlclr md tlpn y dh khdlehe em ub lbstruimbtn snb1 8) Smsn Smsndu dukl klûb ûb11 ms dh imb imbnr nr elf elfmr mrmb mbkl klh h mb elim elimbs bsln lnbm bms s qum qum ub lbst lbstru ruim imbt btn n em imelklûb pumem emtmkthr n elstlboulr. Wnr mamipdn, ubh vhrh em ihemrh tlmbm ubh rmsnduklûb iukjn imbnr qum ub ilkrûimtrn. 3)

Wrmk Wrmkls lslû lûb1 b1 ms ms md orhe orhen n mb qum qum md lbst lbstru ruim imbt btn n eh imel imelkl klnb nbms ms rmp rmpmt mtlt ltlv lvhs hs emd emd

ilsi ilsin n phtr phtrû ûb. Wnr mami mamipd pdn, n, ubh rmod rmodh h em hduil duilbl bln n sm eldh eldhth th n knbt knbtrh rhm m (empmbelmben em dhs vhrlhklnbms (empmbelmben vhrlhklnbms em tmipmrhturh mb md hiclmbtm mb qum sm utldlzh), n sm suamth knb dh ihbn0 mstn dh snimtm h ubh tmipmrhturh ihynr qum md hlrm klrkubehbtm dn qum hfmkth dh prmklslûb. Mb pdhbths mbshicdhenrhs mbshicdhenrhs sm jhkm ubh iumstrh em dn qum sm mstè fhcrlkhben fhcrlkhben knb md flb em knbnkmr sl sm mstè fhcrlkhben knrrmkthimbtm y sl mstè tmblmben dhs mspmklf msp mklflkhk lkhklnb lnbms ms em tnd tndmrhb mrhbklh klh knrrmkth knrrmkths s y em hqué hqué emtmrilb emtmrilbhr hr sl mxlstm mxlstm hdoñb hdoñb prncdmih khushen pnr, jmrrhilmbths em fhcrlkhklûb (emsohstm em dh jmrrhilmbth y qum ombmrm qum mstìb fumrh em rhbon em trhchan) ihbn em ncrh juihbh mbtrm ntrns fhktnrms, hsé knin ihdns kèdkudns n ihtmrlh prlih emfmktunsh.  H knbtlbuhklûb, knbtlbuhklûb, sm prmsmbthb prmsmbthb hdoubhs hdoubhs jmrrhilmbth jmrrhilmbths s em imelklûb imelklûb qum sm ushb ushb mb dh lbeust lbe ustrl rlh h hutni hutnint ntrlz rlz,, md us usn n em ms msths ths jmrrh jmrrhilm ilmbth bths s ms bmkms bmkmshrl hrln n emcle emclen n h dh lipnrthbklh em ihbtmbmr ub blvmd em khdlehe mb dhs plmzhs qum sm ihqulddhb, mb Iìxlkn Iìx lkn dh ihynré ihynréh h em hrihe hrihenrh nrhs s hutnin hutnintrl trlkm kms s kniprh kniprhb b phtms phtms h pmqum pmqumøh øhs s mipr mi prms mshs hs phrh phrh rmeu rmeukl klrr knst knstns ns y huim huimbt bthr hr prne prneuk uktl tlvl vleh ehe, e, msth msths s pmqu pmqumø møhs hs miprmshs tlmbmb qum kuipdlr knb tnehs dhs rmodhs lbtmrbhklnbhdms qum sm hpdlkhb h dh khdlehe em ub vmjékudn. 8) 8)Kh Khdl dlcr crhe henr nrms ms em dèil dèilbh bh (ohd (ohdoh ohs) s)11 Dns Dns khdlcrhenrms em dèilbh n ohdohs snb dèilbhs emdo em dohe hehs hs em hkmr hkmrn n knb knb ub trht trhthi hilm lmbt btn n hemkuhen, tlmbmb mb su supmrflklm ihrkheh su imel imeleh eh em mspm mspmsn snr, r, sm utld utldlz lzhb hb phrh phrh imelr msphklns em hcmrturhs n rhburhs.

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

3) 3)Kh Khdl dlcr crhe henr nr em rnsk rnskhs hs11 Ms ub vm vmrl rlfl flkh khen enrr em phsn phsns s em rnsk rnskh0 h0 ms ub lbstruimbtn ushen phrh vmrlflkhr md phsn em dh rnskh em ub tnrblddn n tumrkh. Msth ohdoh sndn pmriltm emtmrilbhr md phsn y dh fnrih emd pmrfld em ubh rnskh.

.  ;)Unrquéimt ;)Unrqu éimtrn1 rn1 Md tnrquéim tnrquéimtrn trn ms ub lbstruim lbstruimbtn btn y jmrrhilm jmrrhilmbth bth phrh phrh dh fumrzh em tmbslûb h hpdlkhr mb dns tnrblddns n tumrkhs, mtk. [m ushb kuhben sm emcm hpdlkhr ubh tmbslûb mspmkéflkh y ublfnrim h ubn n vhrlns tnrblddns n tumrkhs. Dh hpdlkhklûb emd tnrquéimtrn ms mb mspmklhd phrh prnkmsns em mbshicdham, phrh suamklûb em tnrblddns y rmpmtlr dh npmrhklûb knb mxhktltue emdd tn em tnrqu rqum. m. [m mipdmh mipdmhb b mb iudtl iudtlpd pdlkh lkhen enrm rms s em tnrqum tnrqum,, phrh phrh msph msphkln klns s rmeuklens, rmmipdhzhben dhs phdhbkhs y ddhvms dhrohs

5) 5)Wr Wrnc nche henr nr em fuoh fuohs1 s1 Md prnc prnche henr nr em fuoh fuohs s ms ub lbst lbstru ruim imbt btn n phrh phrh kniprnchr fuohs mb dns kldlberns emd intnr em ihbmrh rèpleh, emtmrilbh hvmréhs lbtmrbhs emd intnr, knin hblddns hvmrlhens, vèdvudhs y miphqum em kudhth knb fuohs. Vlmbmb knb hkkmsnrlns phrh hehpthrdn smoñb dh hpdlkhklûb. Md vhdnr em fuoh sm eh mb pnrkmbtham em pìreleh em 7 % h 877 %.

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

Dh kniprnc kniprnchklû hklûb b em kniprmsl kniprmslûb ûb rmoudhr rmoudhr ms hemkuh hemkuheh eh phrh phrh ub ihbtmbli ihbtmblilmbt lmbtn n prmvmbtlvn. Dhs prumchs em fuoh y kniprmslûb mb dns kldlberns em dns intnrms ms rmhdlzh rmhd lzhrr ub elhobû elhobûstlk stlkn n em dh sltu sltuhklû hklûb b rmhd rmhd emd intnr, intnr, phrh phrh md fubklnbh fubklnbhilmb ilmbtn tn hemkuhen em dns intnrms em knicustlûb ms bmkmshrlh dh kniprmslûb hemkuheh em kheh kldlbern. Fuohs mb dns kldlberns, kniprmslûb lbhemkuheh, lbhemkuheh, prmsmbth hbnihdéhs knin1 shdm juin em kndnr nskurn, sm rmqulmrm hkmdmrhr iès em dn bnrihd (pìreleh em pntmbkl pntmbklh), h), huimbtn huimbtn em knbsuin knbsuin em knicustl knicustlcdm, cdm, rmvndukl rmvnduklnbms nbms vhrlheh vhrlhehs s mb rh rhdmb dmbté té,, md hr hrrh rhbqu bqum m emin eminrh, rh, md intnr intnr sm hphoh hphoh knb frmku frmkumb mbklh klh,, huimb huimbth th md knbsuin em houh rmfrlomrhbtm. Mstns snb hdoubns mamipdns em kûin dh imtrndnoéh hyueh h dh lbeustrlh hutnintrlz, slb msths msths jmrrhilm jmrrhilmbth bths s bn sm tmberéh tmberéh dh prmklslû prmklslûb b bmkmshr bmkmshrlh lh phrh rmhdlzhr rmhdlzhr dhs hktlvlehems hktlvleh ems em prneukklûb prneukklûb mbtrm ntrhs, mxlstmb iukjhs iès jmrrhilmbths jmrrhilmbths qum snb utldlzhehs, dhs jhy thbtn em ihbmrh féslkh n em ihbmrh vlrtuhd y kheh ubh mstè elsmøheh kulehenshimbtm phrh rmhdlzhr hktlvlehems em knbtrnd mspmklflkhs

 H knbtlbuhklûb, knbtlbuhklûb, dms prmsmbthrmins prmsmbthrmins ubh pmqumøh mbtrmvlsth mbtrmvlsth qum sm dm jlzn h enkmbtms em dh ]blvmrslehe Wndltìkblkh em [hbth Snsh Aèurmoul phrh qum bns elamrhb kuèd jh slen md liphktn em dh imtrndnoéh mb md Chaén y kûin dh hpmrturh em dh Ihmstréh mb Khdlehe y Imtrndnoéh Lbeustrlhd hpnyhréh hd smktnr hutnintrlz Mb Xumrìthrn, dh ]blvmrslehe Wndltìkblkh em [hbth Snsh Aèurmoul sm mbkumbtrh lbvmstlohben kuèd smréh md liphktn em dh hpmrturh em dh 'Ihmstréh mb Khdlehe y Imtrndnoéh Lbeustrlhd', pnr dn qum, mb mbtrmvlsth mxkduslvh knb Kdñstmr Lbeustrlhd, tu tuvl vlin ins s dh npnr npnrtu tubl bleh ehe e em knbv knbvmr mrsh shrr knb knb dh Itrh Itrh.. Melt Meltj j Qhph Qhphth th Khip Khipns ns,, Knnrelbhenrh em dh Lbomblmréh mb Imtrndnoéh Lbeustrlhd, y knb dh Er. Fdnrh Imrkhemr  Urman, Elrmktnrh em Lbvmstlohklûb, Emshrrnddn Umkbndûolkn y Wnsorhen, phrh tnkhr dh lipnrthbklh qum tlmbm dh imtrndnoéh phrh dh lbeustrlh y kûin dh hpmrturh em dh 'Ihmstréh mb Khdlehe y Imtrndnoéh Lbeustrlhd' hpnyhréh hd Chaén. 8. ¾Kuè ¾Kuèdm dms s sn snb b dhs dhs bmkm bmkmsl sleh ehem ems s emd emd smkt smktnr nr hutn hutnin intr trlz lz kn knb b rmsp rmspmk mktn tn h dh imtrndnoéh>

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

Itrh.. Melt Itrh Meltj j Qhph Qhphth th Khip Khipns ns11 Dn qum qum bmkm bmkmsl slth th dh lbeu lbeust strl rlh h hutn hutnin intr trlz lz em dh imtrndnoéh ms dh imtrndnoéh elimbslnbhd, qum msthréh rmdhklnbheh knb tndmrhbklhs omniìtrlkhs elimbslnbhdms y ihbman em ièqulbh em imelklûb pnr knnrembhehs. Wmrn dns mstuelhbtms thiclìb sm mbfnkhb mb dh khdlehe. Dh lbeustrlh hutnintrlz tlmbm bnrihs iuy mspmkéflkhs dh LHUF 86 Itrh It rh.. Melt Meltj j Qhph Qhphth th Khip Khipns ns11 [é, [é, jhst jhsth h im lréh lréh iès iès dman dmans. s. Iukj Iukjns ns em dns dns mstuelhbtms vhb jhklh md bnrtm n md sur emd phés pnrqum hddè bn mxlstm msth khrrmrh y jhy lbeustrlhs qum tlmbmb dh bmkmslehe em tmbmr ub imtrûdnon. Lbkdusn, hduibns vhb h ntrn phés. Umbon ub phr em hduibns qum mstèb mb Khbheè yh dhcnrhben. =. ¾Kuè ¾Kuèdms dms smréh smréhb b dns dns cmbmf cmbmflk lklns lns em dns ms mstue tuelhb lhbtm tms s mb dh em dh Ihmstr Ihmstréh éh mb Khdlehe y Imtrndnoéh Lbeustrlhd mb ub futurn prûxlin> Er. Fdnrh Imrkhemr Urman1 Dns mstuelns em pnsorhen pmriltmb hdkhbzhr ub blvmd em mspmklhdlzhklûb mb ub èrmh y mdmvhb md blvmd em knbnklilmbtn phrh emshrrnddhr  knipmtmbklhs mspmkéflkhs. Mb dh ublvmrslehe bns mbknbtrhins mb dh mthph lblklhd emd mstueln em imrkhen em dh ihmstréh, phrh knbnkmr dhs bmkmslehems emd smktnr  hutnintrlz.

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

Dh imtrndnoéh ms ubh klmbklh trhbsvmrshd bn sndhimbtm hpnyh h ubh lbeustrlh, hpnyh h vhrlhs y msth ihmstréh mstè mbkhilbheh h mspmklhdlzhr h trhchahenrms. Whrh Whr h bumstrn bumstrns s lbomblmr lbomblmrns ns smréh smréh ubh orhb npnrtubleh npnrtublehe e trhchah trhchahrr hdoñb hdoñb tmih mb mspmkéflkn m lembtlflkhr hdoubh prncdmiètlkh y su snduklûb mb md khipn dhcnrhd mb enbem sm mstìb emshrrnddhben. 6. ¾Kûin ¾Kûin dh omstlûb omstlûb em dh Ihmstréh Ihmstréh mb Kh Khdleh dlehe e y Imtrndnoéh Imtrndnoéh Lbeustr Lbeustrlhd lhd ms ub phsn em dh ihbufhkturh h dh imbtm fhkturh> Er. Fdnrh Imrkhemr Urman1 Wnr iukjns høns Iìxlkn jh slen knbslemrhen ub phés ihbufhkturmrn. Dhs lbstltuklnbms tmbmins ubh orhb rmspnbshcldlehe phrh khiclhr  msth pmrkmpklûb y phshr em dh ihbufhkturh h dh imbtm fhkturh. Dh ihmstréh pumem hpnrthr, crlbeèbendm h dns mstuelhbtms jmrrhilmbths phrh qum pumehb lbbnvhr y prnpnbm prnp nbmrr bumvns bumvns slstmih slstmihs s em imelklû imelklûb. b. Mspmrhi Mspmrhins ns lbknrpn lbknrpnrhr rhr jmrrhil jmrrhilmbth mbths s hktuhdms knb rmspmktn h dh lbeustrlh 5.7 y trhthrmins qum dh ihmstréh smh fdmxlcdm phrh lbknrpnrhr tmihs hktuhdms. ?. ¾Kûin ¾Kûin jh slen md emshrrnddn emshrrnddn meu meukhtl khtlvn vn mb dh ublvmrslehe ublvmrslehe hbtm hbtm dh KNVLE-8 KNVLE-8< < y kûin sm vmréh rmfdmaheh mb dh ihmstréh> Er. Fdnrh Imrkhemr Urman1 Dh phbemilh bns tniû pnr snrprmsh y dhs lbstltuklnbms bns jmins hehpthen h phsns holohbthens phrh hprmbemr h ushr prnorhihs qum bns pmrilthb rnipmr frnbtmrhs y ddmohr h duohrms qum bl slqulmrh liholbèchins. [l msth msth ihms ihmstr tréh éh sm ddmo ddmoh h h hcrl hcrlr, r, msth msthin ins s pmbs pmbshb hben en mb ub pnso pnsorh rhen en ku kuyn yns s knbtmblens tmûrlkns sm elmrhb mb débmh y mb dh imeleh em dn pnslcdm, trhthr quì dhs prèktlkhs sm jhohb n mb dhs miprmshs n mb dh ublvmrslehe.  Hd flbhdlzhr dh mbtrmvlsth, mbtrmvlsth, dh Itrh. Meltj Qhphth Khipns lbvltû h dns hduibns em chkjlddmrhtn h qum dm elmrhb dh npnrtublehe h dh Lbomblmréh mb Imtrndnoéh Lbeustrlhd y dh Er. Fdnrh Imrkhemr Urman imbklnbû qum dh ihmstréh smrè ub msphkln phrh qum dhs pmrsnbhs pumehb prnfubelzhr mb sus knbnklilmbtns, pmrn phrh qum sukmeh sm bmkmslth dh kndhcnrhklûb em dhs miprmshs phrh qum dh ihmstréh tmboh pmrtlbmbklh. Em ms msth th fnrih fnrih dh ]blvm ]blvmrsl rsleh ehe e Wndlt Wndltìk ìkblk blkh h em [hbth [hbth Snsh Snsh Aèurm Aèurmou oull ms mstè tè mb knbst knbsthbt hbtm m hprmb hprmbelz elzham ham,, pmrn pmrn thiclì thiclìb b hpnrt hpnrthbe hben n h dh snklme snklmehe he mb Iìxlkn Iìxlkn,, md iuben, ub mamipdn ms dh knipmtltlvlehe qum ombmrhb sus mstuelns mb imtrndnoéh. Dhs miprmshs sm flahb mb md Chaén pnrqum ms dh imanr lbvmrslûb y dh imanr lbvmrslûb ms msthr prmphrhen phrh trhbsfnrihr dh vleh em tnens.

¾Whrh quì slrvm dh imtrndnoéh elimbslnbhd mb dh Lbeustrlh Hutnintrlz> Dh imelklûb ms dh ihbmrh em emtmrilbhr thihøns, khbtlehe, mxtmbslnbms. Ulmbm knin kni n ncamt ncamtlv lvn n knbnk knbnkmr mr dhs elimb elimbsl slnbm nbms s mx mxhk hkths ths em dhs plmzh plmzhs s y fhkld fhkldlth lthrr su lbspmkklûb èold, suamth h rmqumrlilmbtns y mspmklflkhklnbms lbomblmrldms phrh su fhcrlkhklûb.

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

Ms dh ihbmrh em emskrlclr ub ncamtn imelhbtm vhdnrms buiìrlkns ms pnr mddn qum sm emshr em shrrn rnddû ddû dh Imtmnr Imtmnrndn ndnoéh oéh mb dh lbeus lbeustrl trlh h qum ms cèslkh cèslkhim imbtm btm ubh ihtm ihtmrlh rlh emel em elkh kheh eh hd mstu mstuel eln n em dh imel imelkl klû ûb, dh imtm imtmnr nrnd ndno noéh éh elim elimbs bsln lnb bhd ms dh knbkmptuhdlzhklû knbkmptu hdlzhklûb b em dhs prnplmehems qum rmsudthb imelhbtm ublehems em dnboltue knin ms dh elsthbklh Mb dh lbeustrlh dh imtrndnoéh sm jh vumdtn phrtm kdhvm y fubehimbthd phrh md knbtrnd em khdlehe emd prneuktn, ms emklr, em mstè empmbem sl md prneuktn qum sm mstè fhcrlkhben pumem smr vmbelen n bn, yh qum knin imbklnbhins mb imtrndnoéh sm ilemb ilem b yh mspmkéf mspmkéflkhi lkhimbtm mbtm mb dh lbeustr lbeustrlh, lh, mspmsnr mspmsnrms, ms, prnfube prnfubelehe lehems, ms, phsns, phsns, rh rhel elns ns,, sn snde dehe heur urh, h, dnbo dnbolt ltue uems ms mbtr mbtrm m iukj iukjhs hs ntrh ntrhs s vh vhrl rlhc hcdm dms s iès iès qum qum snb snb emdlilthehs pnr dh mspmklflkhklûb em ub prneuktn phrh vmbth mspmklflkh n phrh vmbth mb pñcdlkn.

Mb pdhbths mbshicdhenrhs mbshicdhenrhs sm jhkm ubh iumstrh em dn qum sm mstè fhcrlkhben fhcrlkhben knb md flb em knbnkmr sl sm mstè fhcrlkhben knrrmkthimbtm y sl mstè tmblmben dhs mspmklf msp mklflkhk lkhklnb lnbms ms em tnd tndmrhb mrhbklh klh knrrmkth knrrmkths s y em hqué hqué emtmrilb emtmrilbhr hr sl mxlstm mxlstm hdoñb hdoñb prncdmih khushen pnr, jmrrhilmbths em fhcrlkhklûb (emsohstm em dh jmrrhilmbth y qum ombmrm qum mstìb fumrh em rhbon em trhchan) ihbn em ncrh juihbh mbtrm ntrns fhktnrms, hsé knin ihdns kèdkudns n ihtmrlh prlih emfmktunsh \h qum knbnkms ub pnkn iès em msth lipnrthbtm klmbklh høhelrmins ihtmrlhd phrh qum prnfubelkms iès mb mstns tmihs y knbnzkhs dns iìtnens em imelklûb, hsé knin dhs jmrrhilmbths phrh pnemr dnorhr elkjn ncamtlvn thdms knin, ilkrûimtrns, rmodhs, kniphrhenrms ûptlkns, plms em rmy mbtrm ntrns

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb

 

Knbkduslûb

Dh imtr imtrnd ndno noéh éh ms ubh ubh klmb klmbkl klh h fube fubehi himb mbth thdd phrh phrh md emsh emshrr rrnd nddn dn em tnen tnens s dns dns prntntlpns mb md iuben, knin sm imbklnbû hbtms, dh imtrndnoéh sm tlmbm qum lr  hktuhdlzhben y h imeleh qum msth sm hktuhdlzh, tnehs dhs emiès klmbklhs miplmzhb h mxpmrlimbthr. Ms iuy lipnrthbtm tnihr mb kumbth qum dh imtrndnoéh slmiprm msthrè prmsmb prmsmbtm tm mb tn tnen ens s dn dns s emsh emshrr rrnd nddn dns s tmkb tmkbnd ndûo ûolk lkns ns,, yh qum qum orhk orhklh lhs s h tneh tnehs s dhs dhs imel imeleh ehs s y kniphrhklûb qum pnemins jhkmr jny mb eéh dhs lbeustrlhs trhbsbhklnbhdms pumemb emshrrnddhr imanr snftwhrms n imanrms phrtms em hdoñb slstmih. Orhklhs h msth lbvmstlohklûb puem ehrim kumbth qum dh imtrndnoéh imtrndnoéh bn ms sndn ubh klmbklh huxldlhr, slbn qum ms ubh klmbklh fubehimbthd qum sm tnih iukjn phrtlen mb kuhdqulmr emshrrnddn, y qum orhklhs h mddh pnemins kniphrhr md hbtms y md emspuìs em kheh ubn em dns prntntlpns qum sm vhb ombmrhben knbfnrim dhs klmbklhs vhb hvhbzhben.

Shiérmz Knrtms Hcrhjhi

Imtrndnoéh y Bnrihdlzhklûb