La Demanda Inelastica

 

NB KIFBEKB @EINBS[@CB

is bquinnb inbst`c`kbk pric`h ki nb kifbekb ie kheki nb kifbekb sudri ueb eunb h fuy phcb vbr`bc`óe cubekh hcurri ue cbfa`h ie in pric`h kin prhkucth. Cubekh si kb ue prhkucth che kifbekb `einâst`cb, nb vbr`bc`óe ki su pric`h eh riprisietb ue cbfa`h `fphrtbeti ie su kifbekb, s`eh tbe shnh ue cbfa`h prhphrc`hebnfieti `es`le`d`cbeti. Isti t`ph ki kifbekb suini kbrsi che prhkucths qui eh phsiie a`ieis sust`tuths. sust`tuths. Ki istb fbeirb, s` in pric`h ki ue prhkucth che kifbekb `einâst`cb bufietb, su kifbekb si rikuc`râ shnh ue phch, h ebkb, phr nh qui sirâ cbs` `ebpric`bani. ` ebpric`bani. IGIF]NH

Nb `esun`eb t`iei ue pric`h ki 3= f`n y nb cbet`kbk kifbekbkb is ki 2== ue`kbkis, in pric`h ki nb `esun`eb suai b ue pric`h ki 9= f`n y nb cbet`kbk kifbekbkb abgb b 0? ue`kbkis.

]ric`h

I6

9= ]1  

0? – 2== 2== 9= – 3=

6 3.3

3= 2 

3= ]

R 1

R 2

0?

2==

Cbet`kbk

 B pisbr ki qui isths tàrf`ehs suinie pbricir s`f`nbris, ix`stie `fphrtbetis k`diriec`bs ietri innhs7

Kifbekb inâst`cb

S` vbræb in pric`h, nb kifbekb si vi bdictbkb.

Si bpn`cb shari a`ieis che sust`tuths. che  sust`tuths.  

Kifbekb `einâst`cb

 Buequi vbræi in pric`h, nb kifbekb eh si vi bdictbkb. Si bpn`cb shari a`ieis ki pr`firb eicis`kbk.

 

Nb inbst`c`kbk cruzbkb ki nb kifbekb

f`ki nb sies`a`n`kbk ki nb kifbekb ki ue a`ie, beti in cbfa`h ie in pric`h ki htrh a`ie. Si kid`ei chfh in cbfa`h phrcietubn ie nb cbet`kbk kifbekbkb kin a`ie ie cuist`óe, k`v`k`kh in cbfa`h phrcietubn phrciet ubn kin siluekh a`ie.

Inbst`c`kbk Cruzbkb ki A`ieis Sust`tuths

Nb kifbekb ki ue a`ie puiki bufietbr cubekh suai in pric`h ki htrh a`ie. Ie isti cbsh, ishs a`ieis si kiehf`ebe sust`tuths, qui she bquinnhs a`ieis che c`irtb cbpbc`kbk pbrb sbt`sdbcir ueb f`sfb eicis`kbk, buequi sib sónh pbrc`bnfieti. ]hr igifpnh, s` bufietb in pric`h ki nb n b fbkirb ki p`eh, puiki bufietbr nb kifbekb ki fbkirb ki rhani. Htrhs igifpnhs ki a`ieis sust`tuths she7 - nbs k`st`etbs fbrcbs ki lbsihsbs (]ips`, Chcb Chnb, Spr`ti, Sivie-Yp, itc.) - fbeticb y fbrlbr`eb - ti rhgh y tà virki Ie in cbsh ki nhs a`ieis sust`tuths, nb inbst`c`kbk cruzbkb tiekrâ s`leh phs`t`vh.

Inbst`c`kbk Cruzbkb ki A`ieis Chfpnifi Chfpnifietbr`hs etbr`hs

Nhs a`ieis chfpnifietbr`hs she bquinnhs qui si suinie chesuf`r ie chegueth, chfh nbs `fprishrbs y nhs cbrtucohs ki t`etb. Cubekh in pric`h ki ue a`ie chfpnifietbr`h bufietb bufietb (+), nb kifbekb kin a`ie qui istbfhs bebn`zbekh k`sf`euyi (-). Iethecis, nb inbst`c`kbk cruzbkb ki nhs a`ieis chfpnifietbr`hs chfpnifiet br`hs is eilbt`vb.

 

  S` in pric`h ki nbs `fprishrbs bufietb, nb kifbekb ki cbrtucohs ki t`etb k`sf`euyi.

Inbst`c`kbk cruzbkb ki A`ieis `ekipiek`ietis

Cubekh nb inbst`c`kbk cruzbkb is cirh, si t`iei iethecis qui nhs a`ieis h sirv`c`hs she `ekipiek`ietis. `ekipiek`ieti s. Isth is, nhs chesuf`khris eh nhs ches`kirbe e` sust`tuths sust`tuths e` chfpnifietbr`hs chfpnifietbr`hs y, phr tbeth, sus kifbekbs she `ekipiek`iet ` ekipiek`ietis. is. Tibfhs ue igifpnh7 nhs zbpbths y nb nicoi. Bfahs a`ieis sbt`sdbcie eicis`kbkis chfpnitbfieti k`st`etbs phr nh qui eh si ispirb e`elueb ribcc`óe ie in i n fircbkh ki nhs zbpbths beti ueb vbr`bc`óe ie in fircbkh ki nb nicoi.

Inbst`c`kbk @elrish ki nb Kifbekb

Beti ue bufieth kin `elrish ki nhs chesuf`khris, usubnfieti àsths bufietbe su cbet`kbk chesuf`kb, v`civirsb. inbst`c`kbk `elrish ki nb kifbekb f`ki nb prhphrc`óe kin bufieth ie in chesufh kiyue prhkucthNbbeti ue cbfa`h prhphrc`h prhphrc`hebn ebn ie in `elrish.

 

  inbst`c`kbk @elrish ki nb kifbekb 6 Tbr`bc`óe prhphrc`hebn ie nb cbet`kbk chesuf`kb ki ue prhkucth prhkuct h / Tbr`bc`óe prhphrc`hebn prhphrc`hebn ie in `elrish ki nhs chesuf`khris. I`k 6 (vbr`bc`óe kin R / R) / (vbr`bc`óe ki @ / @) 6 (ΛR/R) /(Λ@/@)  

Beti ue bufieth ie in `elrish, nb kifbekb si kispnbzb obc`b nb kiricob S` hasirvbfhs nb cbet`kbk kifbekb ie duec`óe kin `elrish, hatieifhs hatieifhs in s`lu`ieti lrâd`ch7

Ye a`ie ehrfbn

is thkh bquin t`ph ki a`ie h sirv`c`h ie qui nb kifbekb bufietb b fik`kb qui bufietbe nhs `elrishs. nhs a`ieis ehrfbnis cufpnie nb Niy Ehrfbn ki nb Kifbekb, qui shst`iei s hst`iei qui bn bufietbr nb rietb ki ueb pirsheb in chesufh ki a`ieis bufietb. ]hr igifpnh, s` ueb pirsheb t`iei ue suinkh ki $21.===.=== pishs bn bòh y si chfprb 1 pbris ki

zbpbths bn bòh, s` ni bufietbe in suinkh obstb $1=.===.=== $1=.===.=== pishs bn bòh, s` su chesufh ki zbpbths si `ecrifietb obstb cubtrh pbris ki zbpbths bn bòh phkrifhs p hkrifhs bd`rfbr qui nhs zbpbths si chfphrtbe chfphrtbe chfh ue a`ie ehrfbn.

 

Nhs a`ieis `edir`hris

she bquinnhs inifieths fbtir`bnis qui istâe rinbc`hebkhs che in chesufh ki nbs pirshebs qui k`spheie ki fiehris `elrishs y qui cuarie che sus eicis`kbkis aâs`cbs.  Yeb pirsheb qui k`sphelb ki ueb fiehr rietb, chfprbrâ bn`fieths aâs`chs (brrhz, pbstb, pbtbtbs, itc.) ches`kirbkhs chfh a`ieis `edir`hris y hf`t`râ bquinnhs prhkucths ki inivbkh chsti (cbrei, piscbkh, itc.). Ie in cbsh ki nhs a`ieis `edir`hris, bn sua`r nhs `elrishs kin chesuf`khr, nb kifbekb k`sf`euyi. ]hr igifpnh,  `fbl`eifhs qui ueb pirsheb qui chesufi fucobs pbtbtbs y pbe phrqui t`iei abgh prisupuisth. Iethecis, s` hat`iei ue bufieth ki su rifueirbc`óe, phkrâ pirf`t`rsi chfprbr cbrei y piscbkh y chesuf`r fiehs pbtbtbs y pbe, phr nh qui su kifbekb ki nhs a`ieis `edir`hris (pbe y pbtbtbs) k`sf`eu`râ. Nb inbst`c`kbk pric`h ki nb hdirtb

Nb inbst`c`kbk pric`h ki nb hdirtb rivinb cuâeth vbræb nb cbet`kbk hdric`kb ki ue a`ie h sirv`c`h drieti b nhs cbfa`hs hcurr`kh ie su pric`h. B k`diriec`b ki nh qui hcurri ie in cbsh ki nb inbst`c`kbk pric`h ki nb kifbekb, ie nb inbst`c`kbk pric`h ki nb hdirtb ix`sti ueb rinbc`óe k`rictbfieti prhphrc`hebn ietri in pric`h ki fircbkh y nbs cbet`kbkis ki prhkucth qui nhs prhkucthris istâe k`spuisths b chnhcbr ie in fircbkh. ]hr tbeth, nhs cbfa`hs ie nbs cbet`kbkis si fhvirâe s`ifpri ie nb f`sfb k`ricc`óe qui nhs pric`hs. Isth is rbzhebani, yb qui nbs ifprisbs s`ietie fbyhr `eciet`vh pbrb chnhcbr sus prhkucths ie in fircbkh bn hatieir aieid`c`hs fâs inivbkhs. in ivbkhs. Igifpnh ki nb inbst`c`kbk ki nb hdirtb

Beti in `ecrifieth ki nb kifbekb ki prhkucths ki cbreis dræbs, nb ifprisb Bn`fieths SB ob bufietbkh nb cbet`kbk hdric`kb ki su prhkucth, ki 2=.=== b 29.=== ue`kbkis, sua`iekh in pric`h ki $29= b $2