La Comunicacion en La Familia

 

]ldb 8 Abs rlabeoifls oftlrplrsifbals

Lf lstl ebpätuai bnirmbdis moglrlftls tldbs qul btbòlf b abs rlabeoifls lftrl pbmrls l `ojis, b abs rlabeoifls gbdoaobrls y, lf slftomi dâs bdpaoi, b ab rlabeoõf lftrl abs plrsifbs.

Labnirbeoõf:

Bhustäf Murâf Hlrvoaab Dbräb Miairls ]ïnbr [ïrlz Nlbtroz Ie`bfmi Cir`iflf

 

8.2. AB OD[I^]BFEOB ML AB EID\FOEBEOÕF Lstl pufti y ais sohuolftls qul tolflf qul vlr  eif ab eidufoebeoõf sif eidpaldlfti mla  ebpätuai eubtri: ab lseue`b betovb.

Eidufoebeoõf

Ls prinbnal qul ab dljir girdb ml byumbr b ais nlnïs ml lstb lmbm b eidufoebrsl slb lstoduaâfmials pbrb qul sl ljlreotlf, bufqul `by qul tlflr due`b odbhofbeoõf b ab `irb ml lstoduabrais. Ais julhis b nbsl ml brruaais, abs a bs plqulòbs ebfeoifls, ais julhis ml mbr y tidbr, lte., tolflf ufb votba odpirtbfeob y plrdotlf qul

pbrtor bprixodbmbdlftl mla tlrelr i eubrti dls ml vomb, la nlnï bprlfml rlbadlftl b eidufoebrsl eif quolfls al rimlbf. \fb pbrtl ml laai eifsostl lf bprlfmlr b mbr y rleonor bdir, plri lsi fi ls dâs qul la profeopoi. Dâs tbrml sl bòbmorâf `bnoaombmls gäsoebs, dlftbals y ldieoifbals qul budlftbf su ebpbeombm pbrb oftlrbetubr eif la dufmi qul al rimlb. Lftifels, la plqulòi sl mb eulftb ml qul timi ai qul ïa `bel al bgletb b ustlm y b ai qul ustlm `bel. La foòi ldpolzb b bprlfmlr b eidufoebrsl eif su lftirfi. \fb ebrbetlrästoeb gufmbdlftba ml ab eidufoebeoõf ls qul ljlrel uf lgleti sinrl quolfls ab rleonlf. Lf lstb gbsl, la nlnï bprlfml eif rbpomlz b mostofhuor euâals sif lstis bgletis. Ab rlhab profeopba lf lstb gbsl ls rleidplfsbr ais lsgulrzis pisotovis qul `bel la nlnl pir eidufoebrsl eif rlspulstbs pisotovbs y eiftofubmbs. Ls mleor, ustlm mlnl betubr eidi ufb lspleol ml lsplji sotubmi mlabftl ml ïa. Ml lstl dimi, bprlfml qul ufb sifrosb primuel eidi rlspulstb itrb sifrosb, y eif la toldpi, ufb pbabnrb itrb pbabnrb. Due`i bftls ml eidufoebrfis vlrnbadlftl ai `beldis sinrl

uf nlnï vbrois sl dbftlfhb dlfis murbftl dofutis.oftlrlsbmi, Uo la nlnï badistrbrb gbatb ml oftlrïs (qul ls ai dâs prinbnal) plrdätbal qul mlsebfsl y vulavb b eidlfzbr eubfmi juzhul qul la nlnï lstâ prlpbrbmi pbrb laai. Fi al bnrudl, su ebpbeombm ml eifelftrbeoõf ls duy plqulòb. Ulrâ ml hrbf byumb pbrb la bprlfmozbjl mla nlnï mospiflr ml ufb bdpaob hbdb ml lstäduais slfsirobals y ldieoifbals, ml tba dimi qul ïa bprlfmb y sl eidufoqul ml due`is di-mis moglrlftls. Ls odpirtbftl gbeoaotbr ba nlnl qul timbs abs hrbfmls ldieoifls, ofeauombs abs flhbtovbs slbf lxprlsbmbs eif lftlrb aonlrtbm. Bahufis pbmrls trbtbf ml pritlhlr b sus `ojis plqulòis odpomoïfmials lxplrodlftbr abs ldieoifls flhbtovbs, plri ïsb fi ls ufb betotum bmleubmb. Lf ab vomb tbdnoïf fis lfeiftrbdis ldieoifls flhbtovbs, tbals eidi la dba`udir, ab grustrbeoõf, ab rbnob, la lfgbmi y flelsotbdis bprlfmlr b lfgrlftbrfis eif laabs y viavlr mlspuïs b uf lstbmi ml trbfquoaombm, so fi qulrldis slr midofbmis dâs tbrml pir ais bspletis rlbals ml ab vomb. Eubfmi sl trbtb ml bprlfmlr b eidufoebrsl b eubaquolr lmbm, bpbrlel ufb nulfb ebftombm ml grustrbeoõf eif ab qul `by qul lfgrlftbr-

ufb nbsl fi vlrnba. Lstb gbsl ls uf plräimi votba, yb qul lf laab, la nlnï bprlfml qul la dufmi al rlspifml y erlb rlspulstbs pbrb ïa.

sl. Fi sl pulml lsplrbr qul ais pbmrls rlspifmbf b timi bqulaai qul la nlnl, la foòi, la  jivlf y la bmials bmialselftl elftl `bel, y ïstl mlnl

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bprlfmlr b belptbrai bsä. Abs moabeoifls lf abs rlbeeoifls sif oflvotbnals tbdnoïf, y b moglrlfeob ml ai qul suelml murbftl ais prodlris dlsls ml vomb, la nlnï slrâ ebpbz ml belptbr ais rltrbsis rbzifbnals `beob la gofba ml su prodlr bòi. La foòi `b ml sbnlr qul sus flelsombmls tlrdofbrâf pir slr btlfmombs

foeb eif su `oji murbftl timi la toldpi, ab dbyir pbrtl ml abs vlels sbnl eif lxbetotum euâals sif abs flelsombmls ml su plqulòi, alylfmi eif euombmi ais dâs däfodis ebdnois qul ïa lxprlsb eif la alfhubjl ml su eulrpi, eif sus lstbmis ml âfodi y eif sus lxprlsoifls. Lsb ls ab `bnoaombm nâsoeb ml ab

mlftri uf pabzi rbzifbnal, plrihorbr tbdnoïf qul la ml dufmi lftlri fi pulml b su barlmlmir. Ais pbmrls qul `bf sbtosgle`i ml ofdlmobti ais mlslis y ebproe`is ml sus `ojis al `bf `le`i uf gabei slrvoeoi, yb qul dâs bmlabftl eubfmi lsis foòis tolflf qul lfgrlftbrsl eif ab rlbaombm ml ab vomb, sl solftlf grustrbmis pirqul lstb fi pbrlel eiofeomor eif su lxplrolfeob prlvob bprlfmomb ml ab sbtosgbeeoõf ofdlmobtb. Eubfmi quolrb dljirbr ab eidufoebeoõf eif su nlnï, flelsotbrâ prlstbr btlfeoõf b vbrobs eisbs: ― Mlnl slr ebpbz ml allr sus slòbals ldieoifbals. ― Mlnl inslrvbr eif euombmi, pbrb vlr eõdi eidufoebrsl eif ïa. ― Mlnl lstoduabr ais slftomis qul su nlnï fi utoaoel due`i. [lri tlfhb lspleoba euombmi pirqul rlsuatb duy gâeoa plreonor dba ai qul su nlnï quolrl mbr b lftlfmlr. La fi pulmlf lxpaoebr nolf ai qul flelsotb y ls duy gâeoa oftlrprltbr lrrõflbdlftl ai qul mlslb eidufoebr lf rlbaombm.

eidufoebeoõf, ufbyplrsifb ml eubaquolreidi lmbmsuelml (sbnlr eif ebptbr eidprlfmlr, sof mostirsoifbr, la dlfsbjl mla itri). Bprlfmb b allr abs slòbals qul su `oji al lfväb, y b rlspifmlr b laabs mla dimi qul dbyir sbtosgbeeoõf al primuzeb b ïa. Mlspuïs mla bdir, ïstb ls, prinbnaldlftl ab aleeoõf dâs odpirtbftl qul ustlm pulmb lfslòbral. _ ls ufi ml ais laldlftis qul dâs mlsbrriaab ais nulfis väfeuais pbrlftbals.

Ais bmuatis dbaoftlrprltbdis ais dlfsbjls eiftofubdlftl ―y lsi qul pimldis eidufoebrfis eif la alfhubjl irba―, ml dimi qul slrâ dâs gâeoa plreonor dba abs eisbs eubfmi ufb ml abs mis pbrtls fi pulml búf `bnabr. \fb dbmrl oftuotovb y slfsonal qul sl eidu-

Eifvlrsbr sinrl abs eisbs B dlmomb qul ais foòis erlelf y midofbf dljir la alfhubjl sl `bel dâs gâeoa rbzifbr eif laais y lstbr lf dljirls eifmoeoifls pbrb `bnabr ml sus flelsombmls. [ir laai, mlsml la dosdi didlfti lf qul pulmlf `bnabr, sl als mlnl bfodbr b qul lxpaoqulf pir quï `bf `le`i bahi qul ustlm als `b moe`i qul fi `oeolrbf y sl als mlnl mbr la toldpi flelsbroi pbrb `belrai, lspleobadlftl eubfmi sif timbväb tirpls i alftis lf la usi ml abs pbabnrbs. Mï toldpi b su `oji b qul sl lxpaoqul y lseúe`lal, lseúe`lal, lseue`l... Eifvlrsbr eif laais sinrl abs eisbs, bufqul slb ml uf dimi sodpal, als byumbrâ b plfsbr pir sä dosdis y b bprlfmlr b bftoeopbr abs eifsleulfeobs pisonals ml sus beeoifls. [lri ofsostodis, mïals toldpi pbrb qul `bnalf, pirqul lsi ls mljbrals qul prbetoqulf, bprlfmbf y mlsbrriaalf la plfsbdolfti.

Lseue`l euombmisbdlftl ai qul al moel su `oji plqulòi i bmialselftl Due`is pbmrls sbnlf qul ab eidufoebeoõf ls uf prielsi votba qul tolfl mis laldlftis: la qul `bnab y la qul lseue`b. [lri sif mldbsobmis qulqul rbrbmleorals vlz lseue`bf `ojis flf ais piei qul fib sus tlfhb quly tolvlr eif rlprie`ls, elfsurbs, slrdifls i eifsljis. >27

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Lseue`l b su `oji y trbtl ml ebptbr su dlfsb jl y ml sotubrsl lf ïa, fi lf su pisoeoõf ml bmuati. Bahufis pbmrls ebstohbf abs eifmuetbs ofbmleubmbs ml sus `ojis sof prlstbr btlfeoõf b abs flelsombmls y b ais ‑dlfsbjls— qul sl lfeulftrbf mltrâs ml lsbs eifmuetbs. Abs eidufoebeoifls ml ais foòis sl lxprlsbf b dlfumi lf girdb ofmorletb, b dimi ml betis, y b trbvïs ml ufb lspleol ml ‑eõmohi—. \stlm pulml aihrbr ufb dljir rlabeoõf eif sus `ojis so btolfml b ai qul al moelf eif lsis eõmohis, lfslòbfmi b sus slftomis pbrb bsä bprlfmlr b lseue`br ais dlfsbjls ieuatis, ls mleor ais dlfsbjls fi vlrnbals. \fb lstrbtlhob lxelalftl ls ab ml trbfsdotoral eidprlfsoõf b su `oji plqulòi i bmialselftl dbftlfolfmi ab eubaombm ml abs nulfbs eidufoebeoifls lftrl bmuatis, mifml bdnis `bnabf y sl lseue`bf. Ba ohuba qul lf abs eifvlrsbeoifls eif bmuatis, lf abs eifvlrsbeoifls eif ais foòis, ab nbsl mlnl slr ab ml uf butïftoei moâaihi. Ls útoa ba mobaihbr eif uf foòi eidlfzbr eif lfufeobmis qul ofmoqulf eidprlfsoõf lf vlz ml eifslji, erätoeb i ofstrueeoõf3 yb qul lstl topi ml lfufeobmis ‑grlfbf— ab eifvlrsbeoõf eubfmi sl trbtb ml bmialselftls.

eubfmi uf ldosir (la qul `bnab), trbfsdotl uf dlfsbjl (ofgirdbeoõf qul sl trbfsdotl: plfsbdolfti, ipofoõf, slftodolftis) b uf rlelptir (la qul lseue`b), y lstl dlfsbjl ls rleonomi y eidprlfmomi pir la rlelptir rlelptir..

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[brb eidufoebrsl eif itrb plrsifb fi nbstb eif `bnabr `by bmldâs qul eifslhuor: - Labnirbr eabrbdlftl ab omlb qul qulrldis trbfsdotor: dlfsbjl. - Ebptbr ab btlfeoõf mla iylftl: eifslhuor slr lseue`bmi. - ]rbfsdotor uf eiftlfomi eidprlfsonal pbrb la iylftl: eõmohi eidúf. - Rul fulstri dlfsbjl slb eidprlfmomi pir la iylftl: oftlrprltbeoõf mla iylftl. - Rul la iylftl fis mï uf dlfsbjl ml vulatb: qul fis trbfsdotb ai qul `b eidprlfmomi.

Ab eidufoebeoõf ls ab trbfsdosoõf ml dlfsb jls lftrl abs plrsifbs y eifstotuyl la gufmbdlfti ml abs rlabeoifls `udbfbs. Ab eidufoebeoõf fi sl rlmuel ba `le`i ml siai `bnabr, pulsti qul mis plrsifbs pulmlf `bnabr lftrl sä y fi eidufoebrsl. [brb qul sl mï la prielsi ml ab eidufoebeoõf lftrl mis plrsifbs tolfl qul lstbnalelrsl uf oftlrebdnoi ml dlfsbjls i plrdutb ml ofgirdbeoõf. Lf ab eidufoebeoõf sl lstbnalel ufb rleoprieombm lftrl ais mis eidufoebftls, uf oftlrebdnoi

Uä lsti sl primuel eif ïxoti sl lstbnalel uf eoreuoti ml eidufoebeoõf lftrl ldosir y rlelptir primueolfmi ai qul sl eifiel eidi gllm-nbec i rltribaodlftbeoõf. Ul lstbnalel uf prielsi erlbtovi lf la qul mis plrsifbs lstbnalelf uf dimi ml eidpbrtor y ml eifielrsl. La injltovi ml ab eidufoebeoõf ls qul la dlfsbjl qul qulrbdis trbfsdotor slb mlseogrbnal pir uf eõmohi eidúf pbrb qul sl mï la lftlfmodolfti lftrl abs mis plrsifbs. Ls invoi qul lsti fi sl primuel eif ïxoti lf due`bs iebsoifls: abs plrsifbs fi sl lftolfmlf, sl dbaoftlrprltbf, ab eifvlrsbeoõf sl oftlrrudpl, sl primuel ab eidufoebeoõf rlnitl, i ai qul ls plir, sl eifvolrtl lf hrotis. Eubfmi uf dlfsbjl lxprlsbmi y rleonomi qul fi sl btolfl b abs firdbs ml uf eõmohi eidúf sl primuelf ebrlfeobs qul sl prlstbf b dúatopals oftlrprltbeoifls sunjltovbs i plrsifbals, ai qul eifmuel b labnirbr lrrirls plrelptovis y juoeois bftoeopbmis ml eidprlf-

ml ofgirdbeoõf, omlbs, plfsbdolftis, slftodolftis. La prielsi ml ab eidufoebeoõf sl primuel

soõf. Ais mïgoeots i ebrlfeobs qul pulmlf lftirplelr la prielsi ml ab eidufoebeoõf pulmlf slr:

8.>. AB GBDOAOB _ AB EID\FOEBEOIF 8.>.2. Ruï ls ab eidufoebeoõf

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^lspleti mla qul `bnab: - Fi eifiel b ab plrsifb b quoïf sl morohl. - Fi `bnab la dosdi alfhubjl qul su oftlraieutir. - Fi sl bmbptb b ais fovlals ml lmbm y eifieodolftis mla itri. - Fi sbnl eif quï injlti ofoeob ab eidufoebeoõf. - Fi sl eidufoeb morletbdlftl pir dolmi b abs eifsleulfeobs. ^lspleti ba qul lseue`b: - Fi `b lseue`bmi eirrletbdlftl la dlfsbjl. - Fi oftlrprltb bmleubmbdlftl la dlfsbjl. - Fi dulstrb oftlrïs pir ai qul sl moel. - Fi mb slòbals ml lseue`b, fi rlspifml. - Ebrlel ml `bnoaombmls pbrb lseue`br. ^lspleti mla dlfsbjl: - Fi ls eidprlfsonal, fi sl bmleúb b abs ebrbetlrästoebs mla iylftl. - Ls mogoeoa mo goeoa ml oftlrprltbr, oftl rprltbr, ls bnstrbeti, bdnohui. - Fi ls morleti y sl lxprlsb eif rimlis. - Fi ls oftlrlsbftl, fi ofeotb b eidufoebrsl.

8.>.>. ]opis ml eidufoebeoõf [lfsbdis qul siai `by eidufoebeoõf so `bnabdis, so mleodis pbabnrbs, plri la `le`i ml fi `bnabr fi sohfogoeb qul fi `byb eidufoebeoõf. Ab eidufoebeoõf ls bahi due`i dâs bdpaoi qul ofeauylf itris laldlftis fi dlfis odpirtbftl eidi: la alfhubjl eirpirba, la divodolfti, ais hlstis. Ab eidufoebeoõf lftrl ais slrls `udbfis ofeauyl mis laldlftis: la eiftlfomi (ab pbabnrb) y ab girdb (ab dbflrb ml mleor la eiftlfomi). Ab eidufoebeoõf eidprlfml mis girdbs i ebfbals ml trbfsdotor ab ofgirdbeoõf i dlfsb jl:

Eidufoebeoõf vlrnba: Eif laab fis eidufoebdis b trbvïs ml abs pbabnrbs, pir dlmoi mla alfhubjl irba. La bspleti vlrnba trbfsdotl la >20

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eiftlfomi ml ab eidufoebeoõf, ai qul qulrldis mleor.

Eidufoebeoõf fi vlrnba: Eif laab fis eidufoebdis b trbvïs ml ais hlstis, ab lxprlsoõf gbeoba (dorbmb, sifrosb), la eõmohi eirpirba (pisturbs), ais bspletis fi aofhñästoeis ml ab eifmuetb vlrnba eidi la tifi ml ab viz, la rotdi, ab vlaieombm ml ab eifvlrsbeoõf, abs pbusbs, y tbdnoïf eif ab utoaozbeoõf mla lspbeoi plrsifba eidi ab mostbfeob ml oftlrbeeoõf eif ab plrsifb eif ab qul `bnabdis. La bspleti fi vlrnba trbfsdotl ab girdb, ls mleor ais slftodolftis y abs ldieoifls mla ldosir qul dlmobtozbrâf ab oftlrprltbeoõf mla dlfsbjl vlrnba pir pbrtl mla rlelptir rlelptir.. Ab eidufoebeoõf vlrnba y fi vlrnba mlnlf tlflr ufb eiofeoelfeob pbrb qul ais dlfsbjls slbf rleonomis ml girdb ei`lrlftl, so fi ls bsä la dlfsbjl qulmb ofvbaombmi y firdbadlftl lf lstis ebsis prlmidofb ab ofgirdbeoõf fi vlrnba, ls ufb mleor,eisb eubfmi eif ab pbabnrb qulrldis mleor (dlfsbjl vlrnba i eiftlfomi) y eif ais hlstis (dlfsbjl fi vlrnba i ab girdb) itrb, la dlfsbjl ba qul prlstbdis btlfeoõf ls ba fi vlrnba. Ab eidufoebeoõf fi vlrnba ls b ab qul dâs btlfeoõf prlstbdis y ab qul dâs fis odpbetb pulsti qul pripireoifb ufb ofgirdbeoõf dâs gobnal lf sotubeoifls lf abs qul fi pimldis eifgobr lf ai qul sl lstâ eidufoebfmi eif pbabnrbs, nolf pirqul quolf `bnab pripifl oftlfeoifbmbdlftl lfhbòbrfis, nolf pirqul `b naiqulbmi i rlprodomi ab ofgirdbeoõf qul mlslbdis eifielr. Lsti `bel qul la prielsi ml ab eidufoebeoõf slb timbväb dâs eidpalji yb qul la dlfsbjl tolfl uf eiftlfomi i ai qul sl moel plri tbdnoïf ufb girdb i eidi sl moel, qul dimuab y lxprlsb ab oftlfeoõf mla qul `bnab. Ls dâs gâeoa mosoduabr, i lfhbòbr, eif ais bspletis vlrnbals qul eif ais fi vlrnbals.

^LE\L^ML • Ba dlfsbjl qul dâs sl btolfml ls ba fi vlrnba. • La fidlfsbjl vlrnba. qul sl fis qulmb hrbnbmi  ls la

 

8.>.5. Nbrrlrbs lf ab eidufoebeoõf gbdoaobr Mlnomi b qul ab eidufoebeoõf tolfl mis ebfbals ls pisonal eidltlr bahúf lrrir pbrb `belrfis eidprlfmlr. [imldis `bnabr ml instâeuais lf ab eidufoebeoõf eubfmi: - @beldis uf moseursi lxelsovbdlftl ldi-

- Hlflrbaozbdis lxelsovbdlftl: rlglrorsl b `le`is y eidpirtbdolftis qul suelmlf ml vlz lf eubfmi eidi so ieurrolrbf eiftofubdlftl. - @beldis bgordbeoifls rbmoebals i mihdâtoebs: slr ebtlhõroei lf abs bgrodbeoifls utoaozbfmi lxprlsoifls mla topi ‑timi i

eoifba: murbftl lxelsi la `bnab.ml eifmuetb ldieoifba - @bnabdis mldbsobmi nbji i mldbsobmi bati: fi dimuabr la tifi ml viz. - @bnabdis lxelsovbdlftl râpomi i alfti: fi rlhuabr la rotdi ml ab eifvlrsbeoõf. - @bnabdis dlfis ml ai firdba: plrdbflelr pbsovi lf ab eifvlrsbeoõf, sof ipofbr, sof prlhuftbr, i bslftor. - @bnabdis mldbsobmi: `bnabr lxelsovbdlftl oftlrrudpolfmi y sof lseue`br ai qul la itri moel. - Bmovofbdis la plfsbdolfti mla itri: supiflr ai qul la itri vb b mleor i slftor. - @bnabdis flhbtovbdlftl: lxprlsbr eif grleulfeob eidlftbrois y ipofoifls flhbtovis ml ais mldâs i ml abs sotubeoifls. - Mbdis pieb ofgirdbeoõf: mbr dlfis ofgirdbeoõf ml ab qul sl eifsomlrb flelsbrob pbrb eiftofubr ufb eifvlrsbeoõf. - Mbdis ofgirdbeoõf rlmufmbftl: rlpltor ofgirdbeoõf yb eifieomb. - Mbdis rlspulstbs eirtbftls: rlspifmlr eif ofsuatis, dbais dimis i lxprlsoifls iglfsovbs.

fbmb—, ‑nabfei i flhri—. - Uidis plmbftls: toaozbr pbabnrbs eidpaoebmbs i mogäeoals i rbrbs. - ^lspifmldis ofsugoeolftldlftl: fi rlspifmlr b timi ai qul sl prlhuftb, rlspifmlr eif difisäabnis mogoeuatbfmi ab eifvlrsbeoõf. - ^lspifmldis lf lxelsi: babrhbrsl mldbsobmi lf abs eiftlstbeoifls ylfmi dâs baaâ ml ai qul sl `bnob prlhuftbmi. - Mltbaabdis lf lxelsi: lxpaoebr, lxpaoebr, eabrogoebr i moseutor mltbaals sof odpirtbfeob. - Oftlrrudpodis eif grleulfeob: oftlrvlfor eubfmi la itri lstâ `bnabfmi sof rlspltbr su turfi ml pbabnrb. - Fi tlfldis uf alfhubjl pisotovi: idotor babnbfzbs i fi mleor eisbs bhrbmbnals sinrl ai qul la itri moel i `bel. Oftlftl lvotbr lstl topi ml eidufoebeoõf soldprl qul al slb pisonal. Fitbrâ qul la ‑lfeulftri— eif la itri ls ufb lxplrolfeob moglrlftl.

- eif Eiftrbbtbebdis: rlspifmlr b ufb quljb itrb sof oftlftbr siaueoifbr la prinaldb. - ]lfmldis b fi rleifielr i mbr ab rbzõf ba itri: fi elmlr lf abs moseusoifls, fi bmdotor fo rleifielr la pufti ml vostb ml ais mldâs. - Fi lspleogoebdis: fi eiferltbr, rlbaozbr uf moseursi lxelsovbdlftl bnstrbeti, hlflrba i suplrgoeoba. - Mlsvobdis la tldb: oftrimueor itris tldbs lf ab eifvlrsbeoõf qul odpomlf prigufmozbr lf ufi ml laais i baebfzbr la injltovi

EID\FOEBEOÕF GBDOAOB^ f lstl pufti vbdis b trbtbr ufb slrol ml `bnoaombmls pbrb eifslhuor ufb eidufoebeoõf pisotovb eif ais mldâs. Ul trbtb ml eifslhuor uf lstoai ml eidufoebeoõf qul slb nlflgoeoisi y lgoebz lf ab rlabeoõf gbdoaobr, ls mleor, bprlfmlr b `bnabr pbrb `belrsl eidprlfmlr y eidprlfmlr ba itri. Lf prodlr auhbr mlnldis `belr rlglrlfeob b ab `bnoaombm nâsoeb lf ab eidufoebeoõf `udbfb: ab lseue`b betovb. ^ldotodis ba aletir ba ebpotuai eubtri ml lstl dbfuba: ‑ab lseue`b beto-

pripulsti. - Lvotbdis tldbs ml eifvlrsbeoõf: distrbr mlsoftlrls.

vb—, puls lf lstl lfeiftrbrâ timbs abs eabvls ml lstb `bnoaombm bufqul fi sof bftls `belr uf nrlvl ofeosi.

8.5. @BNOAOMBMLU LF AB

L

>2?

>2?

 

Ab lseue`b betovb.

- B vlels ais pbmrls fi eifsohulf mlseunror ais mlslis i flelsombmls ml sus `ojis, fi sulalf prlstbr la toldpi sugoeolftl b lseue`br u inslrvbr qul ls ai qul su `oji siaoeotb, pir ai qul oftlftbf eidplfsbr eif oftlrrihbtirois qul ml fofhúf dimi trbfsdotlf ba foòi qul sl `b eidprlfmomi sus slftodolftis, ldieoifls i prlieupbeoifls. - Ab lseue`b betovb ls ab úfoeb girdb ml eifletbr eif la foòi y ml lftrbr lf su dufmi. - Is plrdotl eidprlfmlr b vulstri y beelmlr yb rlspllsb plrsifbaombm qul sl lstâ girdbfmi. Is byumb b trbfsdotor ba foòi qul al `oji eidprlfmïos tâos. - Gbeoaotb qul la foòi sl solftb eif dâs eifgobfzb, ba slr lseue`bmi. - Is plrdotl ldpbtozbr eif vulstri `oji. - Ab lseue`b betovb ls ufb `bnoaombm qul mlsbrriaab ab ebpbeombm ml ldpbtäb `beob ais mldâs, lsti sohfogoeb qul bprlfmldis b piflrfis lf la auhbr mla itri eubfmi `bnab, y fi siai iär ai qul fis moel sofi, y ai dâs odpirtbftl, odbhofbr eidi sl solftl y ais ditovis i flelsombmls qul al ofmuelf b mleor ai qul moel. Ab ldpbtäb ls due`i dâs qul ab sodpbtäb (eblr nolf i slr bhrbmbnal), ls ab ebpbeombm `belr qul aby rlspltbdis itrb plrsifbsus solftb qul rleifieldis susmlslftodolftis ditovis. Eõdi dljirbr ab eidufoebeoõf

B ab `irb ml lxprlsbrfis fi timbs abs plrsifbs sidis ohubals, due`is eifsomlrbf qul fi `by qul lxprlsbr ais slftodolftis, abs ldieoifls i ais mlslis, als bsustb `bnabr ml laais i sl solftlf romäeuais ba tlflr qul `belrai. Uif plrsifbs qul fi lxprlsbf sus ipofoifls i mlslis pir tldir b dialstbr b ais mldâs i pir qul erllf qul bsä als mb ‑brdbs— ba itri qul aulhi pulml utoaozbr. B dlfumi lstbs plrsifbs sulalf elmlr bftl ais mlslis ml ais mldâs y mleodis qul sl mljbf dbfopuabr. Itrbs plrsifbs, lf ebdnoi, sif mldbsobmi lspiftâflbs lf ab lxprlsoõf ml sus slftodolftis, ldieoifls y mlslis, ai `belf sof plfsbr y b vlels pulmlf rlsuatbr bahi nruseis i ofeausi bhrlsovis y pulmlf `lror i bvbsbaabr b ais mldâs. \fb eidufoebeoõf lquoaonrbmb eifsostoräb, pir tbfti, lf lfeiftrbr la pufti dlmoi lftrl lstis mis lxtrldis ml eidpirtbdolfti: baebfzbr ab lxprlsoõf bnolrtb y slrlfb ml fulstrbs ipofoifls, mlslis y slftodolftis sof `lror fo mbòbr b

Ab eabvl ml ab ais bslrtovombm uf lquoaonroi lftrl mlnlrls y ls ais lfeiftrbr mlrle`is qul fis odpifldis `beob ais mldâs, pbrb qul fbmol sbahb plrmolfmi. Gofbadlftl vlrldis abs `bnoaombmls ml butibgordbeoõf y lstrbtlhobs pbrb qul al pulmb byumbr b eifslhuor ufb eidufoebeoõf dâs eabrb, sofelrb y butïftoeb eif ais suyis, sof mljbrsl dbfopuabr y lvotbfmi dbalftlfmomis, lfgbmis y moshustis.

ab itrb plrsifb. [brb lfeiftrbr lstl pufti dlmoi vbdis b oftlftbr moglrlfeobr ais mostoftis lstoais ml

bslrtovi. Ul sbnly qul ebmb plrsifb tolfl su pleuaobr dbflrb ml rlbeeoifbr bftl abs sotubeoifls, y ai

>>;

>>;

eidpirtbdolfti qul pimldis tlflr lf ab rlabeoõf eif ais mldâs: pbsovi, bhrlsovi y bslrtovi. B eiftofubeoõf lxpaoebrldis ais lstoais ml ab eidufoebeoõf y ai qul ls la eidpirtbdolfti bslrtovi i ab butibgordbeoõf plrsifba y sus nlflgoeois lf ab rlabeoõf `udbfb. [rigufmozbfmi lf eubals sif fulstris mlrle`is lf ab rlabeoõf eif ab itrb plrsifb. Ulòbabrldis abs nbsls ml ufb rlabeoõf sbfb, aonrl y rlspltuisb.

8.5.2. [rofeopbals lstoais lf ab eidufoebeoõf: pbsovi, bhrlsovi

 

`bel ml mostoftb girdb mlplfmolfmi ml abs eoreufstbfeobs. Abs plrsifbs pulmlf eidpirtbrsl ml dbflrb pbsovb, bhrlsovb i bslrtovb mlplfmolfmi ml ab sotubeoõf i ml su dbflrb ml eidpirtbrsl. [ir supulsti qul fi soldprl betúbf ml ab dosdb dbflrb, sofi qul ldpalbf ufb u itrb girdb lf moglrlftls iebsoifls. [lri

bslrtovbs y dofodozbr abs itrbs yb qul lstbs úatodbs erlbf slftodolftis flhbtovis lf ais mldâs y lf fisitris dosdis.

eubfmi ml abgojbdosdb dbflrb `bnabdissoldprl ml ufb betúb tlfmlfeob ml eidpirtbdolfti. Eubfmi bprlfmldis b omlftogoebr y eidprlfmlr ebmb ufi ml lstis mostoftis dimis ml rlbeeoifbr pimldis mbrfis eulftb ml abs eifsleulfeobs qul intlfldis eif laais. Abs plrsifbs qul sl eidpirtbf ml dbflrb pbsovb sulalf elmlr bftl ais mlslis y pripulstbs ml ais mldâs, fufeb eifsohulf `belr ai qul mlslbf, sulalf mbr prlglrlfeob b ais mlrle`is ml ais mldâs sinrl ais suyis, y bufqul sulalf slr duy qulrombs pir ai ‑nulfbs plrsifbs— qul sif eif ais mldâs, b ab abrhb sl solftlf grustrbmbs, bfuabmbs y dbfopuabmbs pir ais mldâs, ai qul als ebusb hrbvls prinaldbs ml butilstodb. Abs plrsifbs qul sl eidpirtbf ml dbflrb bhrlsovb, soldprl eifsohulf ai qul quolrlf búf b eistb ml dialstbr, iglfmlr i `lror b ais mldâs, soldprl prlvbalelf sus flelsombmls y mlslis sof eifsomlrbr abs ml ais mldâs, sif piei qulrombs y sulalf slr rle`bzbmbs, ai qul tbdnoïf rlplreutl lf su butilstodb. Abs plrsifbs qul sl eidpirtbf ml dbflrb bslrtovb eifsohulf dâs b dlfumi ai qul mlslbf y, ai qul quozâs ls dâs odpirtbftl, rlspltbf ais mlrle`is pripois y ais ml ais 

lxprlsb ml tbamlslis dbflrbfo qul fi `belmlrle`is. vbalr fo sus ipofoifls, sus pripois Fi lxprlsb ml uf dimi morleti b ais mldâs sus slftodolftis, sus flelsombmls i sus plfsbdolftis, ml tba dimi qul of`onl su eidpirtbdolfti y fi eifsohul baebfzbr su injltovi lf ab sotubeoõf i rlsiavlrab ml dbflrb lgoebz. Lstbs plrsifbs rlspltbf lf lxelsi b ais mldâs plri fi sl rlspltbf b sä dosdbs. B vlels sl eidpirtbf bsä pir ufb lxelsovb slfsonoaombm `beob ais mldâs i pir ofslhurombm. [ir lstl ditovi sulalf plrmlr butilstodb y fi lstâf b husti lf sus rlabeoifls oftlrplrsifbals. [ulmlf slr utoaozbmis pir ais mldâs,

mldâs, ai qul ysllf solftlf dâs sbtosgle`is  eifsohipir dosdis ab rlabeoõf eif ais  mldâs.

Ab omlb ls qul bprlfmbdis b omlftogoebr ais moglrlftls lstoais ml eidpirtbdolfti lf ab eidufoebeoõf pbrb pitlfeobr abs eifmuetbs

La eidpirtbdolfti pbsovi @bel rlglrlfeob b eubfmi ufb plrsifb sl

yb qul rlsuatb gâeoa dbfljbr su eidpirtbdolfti. La eidpirtbdolfti pbsovi sl ebrbetlrozb pir: Fi sbnlr euâals sif sus mlrle`is i fi sbnlr eõdi mlglfmlrais. • Fi tlflr erotlrois pripois. Rulmbrsl ebaabmis y lsplrbr b qul ais mldâs tidlf abs mleosoifls pir laais. • \f `bnab tldnairisb, viz nbjb qul sl beidpbòb ml soalfeois. Beidpbòb ebso soldprl lf su `bnabr pbabnrbs eidi: ‑quozâs, supifhi, tba vlz, rlbadlftl fi ls odpirtbftl, tolfls rbzõf…—. • \f eidpirtbdolfti fi vlrnba qul sl dbfogolstb lf ufb dorbmb `uomozb y bsustbmb, sof dorbr ba itri, ebrb trostl y ais `idnris hlflrbadlftl lfeihomis. Hlstis mlsvbaomis. • ]rbtb ml flhbr i quotbral odpirtbfeob b abs sotubeoifls so al eulstoifbf, l ofeausi aalhb b lvotbr lfgrlftbrsl lf ab moseusoõf, bufqul tlfhb rbzõf.

La eidpirtbdolfti bhrlsovi: @bel rlglrlfeob b eubfmi ab plrsifb sl lxprlsb ml tba dbflrb qul fi rlspltb ais mlrle`is ml ais mldâs. Lxprlsb ml uf dimi morleti plri ofbmleubmi sus mlslis i slftodolftis ml dbflrb qul ls prinbnal qul eifsohb sus injl>>2

>>2

 

tovis lf ab sotubeoõf plri b eistb ml `lror i gbatbr ba rlsplti b su oftlraieutir, yb qul fi tolfl lf eulftb sus puftis ml vostb fo sus slftodolftis. Ab plrsifb bhrlsovb bftlpifl sus

mlslis, ipofoifls y flelsombmls fi rlspltbfmi ais slftodolftis ml ais mldâs. Odpifl sus erotlrois pbrb eifslhuor ai qul quolrl. La eidpirtbdolfti bhrlsovi sl ebrbetlrozb pir:

• Fi rlspltbr b abs plrsifbs eif abs qul sl rlabeoifb. \toaozbr bdlfbzbs, mlsebaogoebeoifls, ofsuatis y mlseifsomlrbeoifls. • ]rbtbr ml midofbr b ais mldâs. Rulrlr tlflr soldprl ab rbzõf. • Eifslhuor ai qul quolrlf `orolfmi b ais ml dâs, `udoaaâfmiais i ofeausi oftodomâfmiais. • Odpiflr rlhabs y qulrlr tidbr soldprl abs mleosoifls. • \f viaudlf ml viz duy bati. • @bnabr sof lseue`br, utoaozbfmi bmldâs ofsuatis y bdlfbzbs. • Dbftlflr ufb dorbmb mlsbgobftl, pisturb midofbftl l oftodombtirob, ufb lxprlsoõf ml lfgbmi, hlstis lxtrldbmbdlftl lxbhlrbmis, tlfsoõf lf timi la eulrpi y mlmi soldprl lf bati i bdlfbzbftl.

La eidpirtbdolfti bslrtovi @bel rlglrlfeob b eubfmi ab plrsifb sl lxprlsb ml girdb qul rlspltb tbfti ais mlrle`is pripois eidi ais bjlfis. Uupifl uf lstoai ml eidufoebeoõf lf la euba sl lxprlsbf morletbdlftl y bnolrtbdlftl ais pripois slftodolftis, abs flelsombmls, abs omlbs, ais mlrle`is alhätodis y ipofoifls sof bdlfbzbr i bhrlmor b ais mldâs, ls mleor: rlspltbfmi ai mla itri plri lxprlsbfmi ai pripoi. Lstbs plrsifbs eifielf

y tolflf lf eulftb abs flelsombmls, slftodolftis y ldieoifls ml ais mldâs sbnolfmi qul sif abs dosdbs qul abs suybs. Eif su betotum rlgaljb qul ab plrsifb sl hustb sä dosdb, sl rlspltb y sbnl dbftlflr ab ebadb lf abs sotubeoifls mogäeoals. [lri tbdnoïf rlspltb b ais mldâs. La eidpirtbdolfti bslrtovi sl ebrbetlrozb pir:

• @bnabr `iflstbdlftl pbrb rlsiavlr prinaldbs. • Lstbr sbtosgle`i eifsohi dosdi, slftorsl eif butieiftria. • Dlfsbjls lf prodlrb plrsifb. Lxprlsbr ipofoifls y slftodolftis mlsml la yi: ‑yi polfsi, ipofi, solfti qul...—. • ^lspltbr mla dosdi dimi b ais mldâs. ‑Ruï tl pbrlel, quï polfsbs…—. • Eifielr sus mlrle`is y mlglfmlrais, lxpifolfmi abs eisbs eabrb y bnolrtbdlftl. • \f `bnab dimuabmb y gauomb sof vbeoabeoifls fo dualtoaabs. • Fovla ml viz eifvlrsbeoifba dorbfmi b ais ijis mla oftlraieutir. • \f eidpirtbdolfti fi vlrnba qul sl ebrbetlrozb pir trbfsdotor slhurombm y rlsplti, eif ufb lxprlsoõf ml ebrb trbfquoab, ufb dorbmb morletb y uf eulrpi rlabjbmi.

8.5.>. Ab bslrtovombm i ab butibgordbeoõf plrsifba. Ab bslrtovombm fi ls uf rbshi ml plrsifbaombm qul ufis tolflf y itris fi, ls uf lstoai ml eidpirtbdolfti qul sl dbfogolstb b trbvïs

tuylf ab nbsl ml ufb butibgordbeoõf plrsifba. Ulr bslrtovi sohfogoeb eifgobr lf ufi dosdi, lf fulstrbs ipofoifls, fulstris mlrle`is, mlslis, rlabeoifls, lte. Ls ai qul mlgofodis

ml ab eidufoebeoõf y qul, eidi tba, pulml bprlfmlrsl. ]rbs eifielr ab bslrtovombm vlbdis quï eidpirtbdolftis bslrtovis eifsto-

eidi ab butibgordbeoõf plrsifba: rlspifsbnoaozbrsl ufi dosdi ml sus slftodolftis, ldieoifls, plfsbdolftis, ipofoifls, mlrle`is, y

>>>

>>>

 

mbrais b eifielr b ais mldâs. ]bdnoïf sohfogoeb belptbr qul ais mldâs tbdnoïf tolflf lxbetbdlftl la dosdi mlrle`i b butibgordbrsl. @by vbrobs eabsls ml bslrtovombm:

2. Ab bslrtovombm pisotovb. Eifsostl lf lxprlsbr ml girdb eabrb, bnolrtb y sofelrb la bgleti y ais slftodolftis pisotovis qul sl solftlf i qul al `belf slftor itrbs plrsifbs. Ls rleifielr timi bqulaai qul al hustb ml ais mldâs y slr ebpbz ml lxprlsbrai sof vlrhñlfzb y sof dolmi. Ljldpais ml eidufoebeoõf bslrtovb pisotovb: ‑Dl hustb due`i trbnbjbr eiftohi3 dl `bels abs eisbs duy gâeoals3 lstiy glaoz ml `bnlrtl eifieomi: solfti bmdorbeoõf pir to…—. >. Ab bslrtovombm flhbtovb. Eifsostl lf sbnlr mleor fi i sbnlr flhbrsl eubfmi fi lstbdis ml beulrmi eif ai qul fis pomlf, pir ljldpai: ‑Fi viy b or b lsb golstb3 fi quolri, fi dl bpltlel3 fi lstiy ml beulrmi eiftohi3 fi, lsi fi ai viy b `belr...—. ]bdnoïf eifsostl lf lxprlsbr eidlftbrois i slftodolftis flhbtovis eubfmi ab eifmuetb ml bahuolf fis `bel slftor dba i fis ofeidimb, pir ljldpai: ‑Dl dialstb qul dl oftlrrudpbs mlabftl ml ab hlftl3 dl hustbräb qul dl rlspltbrbs eubfmi `bnai eif bahuolf3 fi dl pbrlel nolf ai dl qul `bs `le`i3 lstiy dialsti eiftohi…—. Lstb bgordbeoõf flhbtovb, qul eifsostl lf

rlspifml pisotovbdlftl. Lftifels mlnldis budlftbr ab gordlzb y rlpltor fulstrb pisturb plri sof piflrfis bhrlsovis, pir ljldpai: ‑pir gbvir, tl lstiy pomolfmi qul mljls ml oftlrrudpordl, eâaabtl yb…—.

]lfhb lf eulftb

• Mlsbrriaal y prbetoqul su bslrtovombm. • Lfslòl, mlsbrriaal y mïjlal prbetoebr b su `oji su bslrtovombm lf ab gbdoaob. Lstl bprlfmozbjl al slrvorâ ml due`i pbrb aulhi gulrb ml ebsb. • Ab gbdoaob gbdoao b ls fulstrb prodlrb y dljir lseulab ml bprlfmozbjl. • \stlmls ais pbmrls sif ais dljirls dblstris ml sus `ojis. Lfsïòlfals eif oftlrïs, bdir y pbeolfeob. Ls ufb ml abs dljirls ofvlrsoifls qul pulmlf `belr

lxprlsbr slftor dba y beabrbrai ai pbrbqulqulfisfi`bel vulavb b suelmlr, byumb b slftorfis dljir ba lxprlsbr ai qul slftodis y fis byumb b dljirbr abs rlabeoifls. 5. Ab bslrtovombm ldpâtoeb. Eifsostl lf lxprlsbr fulstris mlslis y slftodolftis plri mlspuïs ml `bnlr rleifieomi ab sotubeoõf y ais slftodolftis mla itri: ‑sï qul lstâs ebfsbmi y yb fi bhubftbs dâs plri yi flelsoti qul b`irb dl byumls3 sl qul pulml qul fi tl hustl plri quolri mleortl bahi...—.

pir laais. Dâs bmlabftl lf lstl dosdi ebpätuai vlrldis tïefoebs pbrb bpaoebr eif lgoebeob lstis topis ml bslrtovombm plri bftls vbdis b oftlftbr eidprlfmlr abs nbsls tlõroebs i goaisõgoebs ml ab butibgordbeoõf plrsifba. Erlldis qul ls gufmbdlftba sotubrfis lf la eiftlxti ïtoei ml abs rlabeoifls plrsifbals pbrb bsä bfbaozbr y eidprlfmlr eubals sif ais aädotls ml fulstrb aonlrtbm y ab ml ais mldâs, y, sinrl timi. ]bdnoïf rlvosbrldis euâals sif abs ‑inaohbeoifls dirbals— qul fis bsohfbdis

=. Ab bslrtovombm prihrlsovb. Eidolfzb eubfmi b plsbr ml ais lsgulrzis pir slr bslrtovis y ldpâtoeis, ab itrb plrsifb fi

rlspleti b ais mldâs, qul odpomlf qul slbdis fisitris dosdis, y qul, due`bs vlels, fis `belf slftor dbalstbr i euapbnoaombm. >>5

>>5

 

8.5.5. Ais mlrle`is plrsifbals Lf lstl bpbrtbmi prltlfmldis mbr ufbs omlbs y eiftlfomis qul pulmbf slrvor pbrb labnirbr uf eifelpti goaisõgoei mla slr `udbfi y qul gbeoaotl dbyirls `lrrbdolftbs pbrb ebptbr y eidprlfmlr abs rlabeoifls oftlrplrsifbals.

Aonlrtbm y rlspifsbnoaombm

«Abs plrsifbs fbeldis aonrls³. Eif lstb bgor-

dbeoõf qulrldis mlstbebr la `le`i ml qul fulstrb lspleol, ab lspleol `udbfb, ls aonrl. Ab aonlrtbm `b somi lftlfmomb ml duy movlrsbs dbflrbs, plri timis lstbdis ml beulrmi lf qul ab aonlrtbm qul lftlfmldis y ml ab qul `bnabdis fi sohfogoeb ‑aonlrtbm-pbrb-betubrai-timi—. Mlsml aulhi mospiflr ml aonlrtbm pbrb betubr eidi ufi mlslb lf uf didlfti mbmi ls ufb ipeoõf ml vomb qul girdb pbrtl ml fulstrbs gbftbsäbs, bufqul sbnldis qul lf la gifmi ls ufb quodlrb lf ab qul fbmol pulml erllr. Lgletovbdlftl, so ais slrls `udbfis guïrbdis eidpaltbdlftl aonrls pbrb betubr, fi lxostoräb lftifels fofhufb aodotbeoõf sinrl fisitris pbrb pimlr `belr bqulaai qul fis bpltleolsl lf la didlfti qul quosolrbdis y, lsti, lxelpti lf la ebsi ml uf ‑suplrdâf—, ls bnsiautbdlftl odpisonal dbftlflr dbftlflr.. La `idnrl ls uf slr duy aodotbmi lf sus mlslis y beeoifls, tbfti pir sus pripobs ebrbetlrästoebs noiaõhoebs eidi pir vovor lf uf hrupi `udbfi y sieoba mifml ls flelsbroi lstbnalelr aädotls, firdbs y rlhabs ml eifvovlfeob. Fulstrb aonlrtbm tlrdofb mifml ldpolzb ab mla itri. Ab eifvovlfeob sieoba odpifl ufbs aodotbeoifls, rlstroeeoifls b ab aonlrtbm ml betubeoõf, lxprlsbmbs lf girdb ml alyls y firdbs ml eifmuetb (eõmohi eovoa, eõmohi plfba, eõmohi ml eoreuabeoõf, Alyls, lte.). Uo la slr `udbfi mlslb vovor lf eidufombm nlflgoeoâfmisl ml abs vlftbjbs qul ab irhbfozbeoõf sieoba pripireoifb, mlnl lftifels bmdotor ufb lfirdl ebftombm ml rlstroeeoifls b su aonlrtbm ml beeoõf. Uof ldnbrhi ab aonlrtbm ml ab qul `bnabdis bquä ls ml ab vlrmbmlrb aonlrtbm mla `idnrl, ab qul sl rlgolrl b ab fbturbalzb ofträfsleb ml timi slr `udbfi: AB AONL^]BM [B^B ]IDB^ MLEOUOIFLU LF \F DIDLF]I MBMI. >>=

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Fi instbftl, pir ai dosdi qul ab plrsifb ls aonrl pbrb tidbr sus pripobs mleosoifls lf ebmb didlfti tolfl tbdnoïf qul lstbr mospulstb b `belr grlftl b abs eifsleulfeobs ml sus betis. Lsti ls ai qul aabdbdis ^LU[IFUBNOAOMBM. Fis lmuebf lf ab mlplfmlfeob y ab bdbnoaombm `beob ais mldâs. B`irb nolf, eubfmi erleldis ab rlbaombm qul sl fis dulstrb ls nolf mostoftb, tlfldis qul dbfljbrfis lf ufb sieolmbm qul fis lxohl ofmovomubaosdi, ofoeobtovb, ofmlplfmlfeob, butisugoeolfeob pbrb slr rlspltbmis, pbrb slr eiftrbtbmis l, ofeausi, pbrb slr mlslbmis i bmdorbmis.  Wovodis lf ufb sieolmbm qul lsplrb qul slbdis bslrtovis, qul tidldis mleosoifls, qul ipofldis, qul aalvldis ab ofoeobtovb y fi lstbdis prlpbrbmis pbrb laai. Lf fulstrb eifvovlfeob, lf abs rlabeoifls abnirbals, gbdoaobrls i ml pbrljb tlfldis bahufis dârhlfls pbrb ab aonlrtbm plrsifba, lstb plri aonlrtbm b vlelsmlfimleosoõf sbnldisy eidi bmdofostrbr ml betubeoõf. Lf ab lxprlsoõf ml lstb aonlrtbm lf iebsoifls fis qulmbdis eirtis, rlfufeobdis b laab, fis mljbdis aalvbr pir ais mldâs, ai qul `bel qul vovbdis eif grustrbeoõf abs rlabeoifls y fulstrbs vombs3 lf itrbs fis pbsbdis, fi tlfldis lf eulftb ais dârhlfls ml aonlrtbm ml ais mldâs, ai qul `bel qul fis bosaldis y vovbdis ufb lxostlfeob mlseifletbmb y lhieïftroeb.

Butlftoeombm y lspiftbflombm \fb ml abs eifsleulfeobs dâs tldombs ml ab oftlrbeeoõf sieoba ls plrmlr la bprleoi i ab lstodb ml ais mldâs. Lsti ls: slr erotoebmis y rle`bmis pir ai qul `beldis y mleodis i pir ai qul fi `beldis i fi mleodis. Eubfmi sidis foòis ls votba pbrb fisitris la bgleti y la bprleoi ml ais mldâs, y ls ml tba odpirtbfeob qul, eubfmi fis eifvlrtodis lf bmuatis, eiftofubdis flelsotbfmi qul fis bprleolf y lstodlf. Due`bs ml fulstrbs beeoifls y mleosoifls abs tidbdis pir dolmi, pir tldir b qul fis rle`belf, i qul fi fis vbairlf. Lsti fis `bel betubr lf gufeoõf ml bhrbmbr b ais mldâs bftls qul ml nusebr fulstris pripois oftlrlsls. Lstl lsquldb dlftba ofgauyl tbfti lf ais foòis eidi lf ais bmuatis pulsti qul pulml

 

eifmoeoifbr fulstri eidpirtbdolfti: fis pulml `belr plrmlr fulstrb lspiftbflombm y butlftoeombm pir la `le`i ml oftlftbr eiftlftbr b ais mldâs y hbfbr su bprleoi. Aonlrtbm y rlspifsbnoaombm vbf äftodb l ofmosiaunaldlftl ufombs, eubfmi eifslhuodis uf eidpirtbdolfti plrsifba y sieoba nbsbmi lf laabs fis distrbdis tba y eidi sidis y fi eidi quolrlf ais mldâs qul slbdis. Bsä ls pisonal butirrlbaozbrfis lxprlsbfmi bnolrtbdlftl fulstrb plrsifbaombm, y mldistrbr ufb ml abs eisbs dâs vbaoisbs qul tlfldis ais slrls `udbfis: fulstrb butlftoeombm y lspiftbflombm. \fb aleturb ml ais mlrle`is plrsifbals (lxpulstis dâs bnbji) fis pulml beabrbr y huobr nbstbftl mlftri ml lsti dârhlfls ml aonlrtbm plrsifba, tlfolfmi lf eulftb qul pir ai dosdi qul ab plrsifb ls aonrl pbrb tidbr

sus pripobs mleosoifls lf ebmb didlfti tolfl qul lstbr tbdnoïf mospulstb b `belr grlftl b abs eifsleulfeobs ml sus betis. ]imi slr `udbfi pir la `le`i ml slr aonrl  pbrb tidbr mleosoifls, tolfl ufis mlrle`is  gufmbdlftbals plrsifbals. Ab ebrtb ml ais Mlrle`is @udbfis Bslrtovis qul prlslftbdis b eiftofubeoõf lstâ eidpulstb ml bgordbeoifls i mleabrbeoifls sinrl fulstrbs vlrmbmlrbs rlspifsbnoaombmls pbrb eif fisitris y pbrb eif ais mldâs, bsä eidi tbdnoïf mleabrbeoifls belreb ml fulstrb belptbeoõf y eifmoeoõf ml slrls `udbfis, qul slòbabf ais aädotls prâetoeis ml ai qul ais mldâs pulmlf lsplrbr ml fisitris y fis pripireoifb abs nbsls goaisõgoebs pbrb ab bslrtovombm. \f slr `udbfi butïftoei, pir la dlri `le`i ml slrai, tolfl ais sohuolftls mlrle`is:

ML^LE@IU 2. B betubr ml dimi moglrlftl b eidi ais mldâs mlslbräbf qul betubsl. Ebmb plrsifb tolfl mlrle`i b juzhbr sus pripois slftodolftis i ldieoifls, plfsbdolftis y eidpirtbdolfti, ml girdb moglrlftl b eidi ai `belf ais mldâs. ]lfldis mlrle`i b slr fisitris dosdis. >. B `belr abs eisbs ml dbflrb moglrlftl. Fbmol tolfl pir quï justogoebrsl bftl ais mldâs pir `belr abs eisbs b su dbflrb. Lsti fi quolrl mleor qul ls eirrleti slr mlseifsomlrbmi y mlseirtïs eif itrbs plrsifbs:  ls nulfi moseuapbrsl pir ais plrjuoeois qul pimldis `bnlr iebsoifbmi b ais mldâs buf-  qul `bybf somi primueomis ml dbflrb ofviauftbrob. Lstl mlrle`i sohfogoeb qul ufi/b pulml `belr eisbs b su dbflrb sof eifsomlrbr qul tolfl  flelsombm ml justogoebrab bftl fbmol. \fi mleoml `belr bahi, mlftri ml ais aädotls rbzi-  fbnals, y aulhi (ufb vlz dâs) belptbr abs eifsleulfeobs qul sl mlrovlf ml laai. [ir tbfti, ufi/b pulml plfsbr y betubr ml dbflrb moglrlftl b eidi ai `bel ab dbyiräb  sof tlflr qul slftorsl dba eifsohi dosdi/b. 5. B ebdnobr fulstrbs ipofoifls . \fi tolfl mlrle`i b ebdnobr ml ipofoõf. Bahufbs plrsifbs eif-  somlrbf qul pulsti qul ufb vlz ipofbdis ml ufb dbflrb soldprl mlnldis slhuor plfsbfmi  ohuba. \fi tolfl mlrle`i b ebdnobr ml ipofoõf sinrl eubaquolr tldb i bspleti ml ab vomb. =. B lquoviebrsl bahufb vlz. Uo ufi sl lquovieb, eidltl uf lrrir i sl al iavomb bahi, tolfl plrgleti mlrle`i b fi slftorsl bvlrhifzbmi pir laai. Eubfmi fis lquoviebdis lstbdis  betubfmi ml girdb tbf `udbfb y mohfb eidi eubfmi belrtbdis. ><

>><

 

7. B plfsbr ml dbflrb pripob y moglrlftl. Fi tlfldis pir quï aalvbrfis nolf eif timi la dufmi. Fo tolfl pir quï hustbrfis timi ai qul `belf ais mldâs. Mla dosdi dimi, fi tlfldis pir quï hustbrals b timis, fo hustbrals ai qul `beldis i  mleodis, plfsbdis, eõdi vlstodis, lte. Ebmb plrsifb tolfl ufis hustis y ufbs prlglrlfeobs, timbs laabs tbf rlspltbnals eidi abs  fulstrbs pripobs.

[ir lsi fi tlfldis fofhufb flelsombm ml tidbr mleosoifls plfsbfmi so ai qul `brldis  i morldis als ‑hustbrâ— b itris. Uiabdlftl mlnldis rlhuabr fulstrb eifmuetb pir abs  pisonals eifsleulfeobs, nlflgoeoisbs i plrjumoeobals pbrb eif ais itris i pbrb fisitris/bs  dosdis/bs. 8. B tidbr mleosoifls bjlfbs b ab aõhoeb. ]lfldis mlrle`i b tidbr mleosoifls aalvbmis pir fulstrbs ldieoifls i fulstrb oftuoeoõf y fi soldprl y flelsbrobdlftl pir fulstrb rbzõf. Mlsml aulhi qul, eubfmi bfbaozbdis ufb sotubeoõf y tidbdis ufb mleosoõf aõhoeb i rbzi-  fbnal, ls prinbnal qul tlfhbdis dljirls eifsleulfeobs qul eubfmi fi ai `beldis bsä. Ml  timbs girdbs, fufeb pimldis lstbr slhuris qul belrtbrldis, qul eifslhuorldis ai dljir  eubfmi mleomodis aõhoebdlftl. [ir laai, fi fis mlnl odpirtbr tidbr mleosoifls ―lf bahu-  fb iebsoõf― aalvbmis pir fulstrbs ldieoifls, pir ufb ‑eirbzifbmb—, ‑eiftrb ab aõhoeb—, lte. B vlels, ofeausi sbalf dljir abs eisbs. [lri, lf timi ebsi, so ab mleosoõf qul tidbdis ls  fulstrb mleosoõf slrâ soldprl ab dljir mleosoõf pisonal lf lsl didlfti. 0. B mleomor ab odpirtbfeob qul tolflf abs eisbs. Fbmol tolfl pir quï `belr abs eisbs ml dbflrb plrgletb i lsgirzbrsl dâs `byb ml su aädotl. ]lfldis mlrle`i b mleomor euâftb plrgleeoõf qulrldis lf fulstri trbnbji i euâfti lsgulrzi lstbdis mospulstis b piflr lf ufb tbrlb. Ais eidlftbrois ml ais mldâs rlspleti b eõdi mlnlräbdis i tlfmräbdis qul betubr pul-  mlf slr uf oftlfti dâs ml dbfopuabeoõf. \fi tolfl plrgleti mlrle`i b tidbr, lftrl itrbs, abs mleosoifls rlspleti b R\Ï `bel, E\ÂFMI ai `bel y EÕDI ai `bel. Betubfmi ml lstb dbflrb fi `beldis itrb eisb qul betubr eidi butïftoeis slrls  `udbfis aonrls y eif butïftoeb rlspifsbnoaombm. 2?. B `belr y rle`bzbr pltoeoifls. ]lfldis mlrle`i b plmor bahi b bahuolf y fi slftorfis dba pir laai. Ohubadlftl tlfldis mlrle`i b mleor qul ‑fi— b bahuolf qul fis poml qul `bhbdis i mljldis ml `belr bahi qul fi slb bmleubmi pbrb fisitris. Ml dimi, bqulaab plrsifb b quolf sl ai plmodis tolfl plrgleti mlrle`i b flhbr-  sl bohuba eifelmïrfisai. 2;. B fi lftlfmlr bahi. ]lfldis mlrle`i b fi lftlfmlr ufb prlhuftb y b fi rlspifmlr so ab prlhuftb bgletb b fulstrb oftodombm. La itri tbdnoïf tolfl mlrle`i b fi rlspifmlrfis. Fi `by rbzõf pbrb qul fi pimbdis prlhuftbr bahi b bahuolf fo pbrb qul fbmol fi pulmb  prlhuftbrfis b fisitris. Uof ldnbrhi `by qul bmdotor la mlrle`i ml ebmb ufi b eif-  slrvbr su oftodombm y fi qulrlr ofgirdbr ml bahufbs eisbs fulstrbs. 22. B belptbr y rle`bzbr erätoebs i quljbs. ]lfldis mlrle`i b belptbr ufb erätoeb justogoebmb y b rle`bzbr ufb erätoeb ofjustb. Lf lgleti, pulsti qul bmdotodis fulstrb pisonoaombm ml lquoviebrfis y fulstri mlrle`i  b tidbr mleosoifls, lf bahufb iebsoõf pulml qul tidldis mleosoifls y betuldis ml  girdb lrrõflb i plrjumoeoba, pir ai qul ls prinbnal rleonor ufb erätoeb i quljb pir pbrtl  ml itrbs plrsifbs. Uo, lf fulstrb ipofoõf, ab erätoeb i quljb ls justb, fi `by fofhúf prinaldb lf belptbr-  ab, plmor moseuapbs y, lf su ebsi, ofeausi igrlelr ufb eidplfsbeoõf. >>7

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[ir la eiftrbroi, so eifsomlrbdis qul ab erätoeb i ab quljb fi ls justb y trbtb ml slr uf oftlfti ml dbfopuabeoõf, pimldis trbfquoabdlftl rle`bzbrab, distrbfmi fulstri mlsb-  eulrmi eif ab dosdb. 2>. B lxprlsbr ais slftodolftis (lstbr balhrl, trostl, lfgbmbmi...). ]lfldis mlrle`i b lxprlsbr fulstris slftodolftis y ldieoifls soldprl qul fi alsoiflf i plrjumoqulf b ais mldâs. 25. B laihobr y rleonor laihois. Bsodosdi y pir timi laai, tolfl ab inaohbeoõf ml: 

¡^LU[IFUBNOAOZB^UL ML U\U MLEOUOIFLU!

Bmldâs ml timi ai bftlroir, eifsomlrbdis OD[I^]BF]ÄUODI aabdbr ab btlfeoõf sinrl uf bspleti eidpaldlftbroi ml lstis mlrle`is. B sbnlr: Lf due`bs iebsoifls fulstri eidpirtbdolfti tolfl lgletis sinrl itrbs plrsifbs. ]lflr lf eulftb ab pisonoaombm ml plrjumoebr i mbòbr rlbadlftl b itris y lvotbrai ba tidbr fulstrbs mleosoifls eifstotuyl quozâs la dâs odpirtbftl MLNL^ bsieobmi b lstis ML^LE@IU.

BE]\B^ EIF ^LU[IFUBNOAOMBM LU ]BF]I ]IDB^ MLEOUOIFLU EIFUOML^BFMI AB [IUONOAOMBM ML [L^J\MOEB^ B I]^IU, EIDI LU]B^ MOU[\LU]IU B BU\DO^ ABU EIFULE\LFEOBU R\L UIN^LWLFHBF [I^ ]BALU MLEOUOIFLU. LA EID[I^]BDOLF]I BUL^]OWI (butïftoei y lspiftâfli) sohfogoeb qul fis eidpirtbdis ml girdb tba qul `bel rlspltbr fulstris pripois mlrle`is eidi plrsifb b ab vlz qul ^LU[L]B ais ml ais mldâs. Fi fis lstbdis rlgorolfmi bquä b ais mlrle`is alhbals sofi b ais butïftoeis ‑mlrle`is `udbfis—.

^LE\L^ML • Lstis mlrle`is sif bahufbs ml abs nbsls pbrb pimlr slr bslrtovi/b. • Lfslòl, mlsbrriaal y mïjlal prbetoebr b su `oji lstis mlrle`is lf ab gbdoaob. Lstl bprlfmozbjl al slrvorâ ml due`i pbrb aulhi gulrb ml ebsb.

^LE\L^ML F\LWBDLF]L • Ab gbdoaob gbdoao b ls fulstrb prodlrb y dljir lseulab ml bprlfmozbjl. • \stlmls ais pbmrls sif ais dljirls dblstris ml sus `ojis. Lfsïòlfals eif oftlrïs, bdir y pbeolfeob. Ls ufb ml abs dljirls ofvlrsoifls qul pulmlf `belr pir laais.

8.5.=. Abs `bnoaombmls ml butibgordbeoõf. [brb euatovbr ufb õptodb vbaoisb y prâetoeb  bslrtovombm tlfldis qul piflr lf gufeoifb-  dolfti abs sohuolftls `bnoaombmls: 

• @belr y rleonor eudpaomis Dlmobftl ais eudpaomis sl mlstbeb abs ebrbetlrästoebs pisotovbs ml ufb plrsifb i ml ab tbrlb qul lstâ rlbaozbfmi. Ais eudpaomis betúbf eidi rlgulrzi pisotovi (rleidplfsb) y `belf abs rlabeoifls dâs bhrbmbnals, `belf vlr qul fi fis iavombdis ml abs plrsifbs y qul sl abs vbairb. >>8

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Ab girdb ml `belr uf eudpaomi ls rlglrorsl b bahufb eifmuetb, ab bpbrolfeob i abs ebrbetlrästoebs ml su `oji. @by qul slr lspleägoei, mohb lxbetbdlftl ai qul al hustb y mohb la fidnrl ml ab plrsifb b quolf sl ai morohl. Fi lsebtodl eudpaomis b sus gbdoaobrls y lf lspleoba b su pbrljb l `ojis.

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Ljldpai: ‑Dbrob, dl `b hustbmi due`i qul  julhuls sof plalbrtl eif tu tu `lrdbfi plqulòi, lstiy irhuaaisb/i ml eidi tl `bs pirtbmi lstb tbrml—.

f i  i 

• @belr pltoeoifls Eif `belr pltoeoifls fis rlglrodis b plmor gbvirls, rleabdbr byumb, siaoeotbr b itrb plrsifb qul ebdnol ml eifmuetb, lf mlgofotovb, rlovofmoebr ai qul sl quolrl, soldprl qul fi btriplaaldis ais mlrle`is ml ais mldâs. \stlm mlnl bprlfmlr ab `bnoaombm ml rlbaozbr pltoeoifls ml dbflrb qul fi dialstl b quolf sl ai pomb y qul beelmb b su pltoeoõf ab dbyiräb ml abs vlels, bufqul, `b ml tlflr prlslftl qul ab itrb plrsifb tolfl mlrle`i b mleor fi. Lf lstl slftomi tlfhb prlslftl: - Ulb morleti. Fi ls flelsbrob fofhufb justogoebeoõf, bufqul ufb lxpaoebeoõf byumb nbstbftl: ‑Ruolri plmortl bahi: pir gbvir, dl ebdnobs la turfi ml trbnbji la sânbmi9 Flelsoti lsl mäb aonrl.— - Fi tidl abs rlspulstbs flhbtovbs eidi bahi plrsifba. Lstbr prlpbrbmis pbrb la fi. La itri tbdnoïf tolfl su mlrle`i b flhbrsl. - ‑[lrmifb, Fi moseuapbrsl pir tlflr qul plmor bahi: fi mlnlräb plmärtlai...—. - Wiavlr b rlpltor ab pltoeoõf i eabrogoebrab, eabrogo ebrab, so vldis qul fi beelml b ab prodlrb: ‑]ba vlz fi dl `byb ustlm lftlfmomi, flelsoti la eie`l pbrb la aufls, quosolrb qul `oeolrbf timi ai pisonal pbrb tlflrai bebnbmi la aufls—. Fufeb utoaozbr ab bdlfbzb, ab eibeeoõf, i la ofsuati pbrb eifslhuorai.

• ^le`bzbr mldbfmbs: mleor fi Eubfmi sl fis `bel mldbfmbs qul eifsomlrbdis fi sif bmleubmbs i fi qulrldis btlfmlrabs, tlfldis qul slr ebpbels ml rle`bzbrabs i b mleor fi. [brb laai eiftldpal ai sohuolftl: >>0

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- Mohb sodpaldlftl fi. [ulml [ul ml mbr ufb lxpaoebeoõf so ai erll eifvlfolftl, plri rleulrml, fi lstâ inaohbmi b justogoebrsl. Ais dljirls ditovis sif ais qul sl nbsbf lf sus pripois mlslis, i puftis ml vostb: ‑fi dl hustb, fi dl bpltlel, fi dl pbrlel nolf, fi quolri...— - Uo mumb, pomb toldpi pbrb dlmotbr ab mleosoõf, fi sl mljl prlsoifbr, mohb: ‑ai tlfhi qul plfsbr.— - Fi mï lxeusbs, mbf poï b qul slbf ofvbaombmbs y ls la eidolfzi mla julhi ml ab dbfopuabeoõf. Eubftbs dâs plhbs al lfeulftrl ustlm b `belr ai qul al pomlf, dâs siaueoifls al mbrâ su oftlraieutir pbrb qul ustlm ai `bhb, so fi tolfl hbfbs ml or, fi mohb: ‑ls qul fi tlfhi eie`l—, puls al pulmlf rlspifmlr: ‑trbfquoai, vbdis lf tbxo—. - Ulpb belptbr belptbr abs eifsleulfe eifsleulfeobs obs ml su mleosoõf. Ab dbyiräb ml abs plrsifbs sl lfgbmbf i moshustbf eubfmi rleonlf uf fi. Fi oftlftl qulmbr nolf so vb b mleor fi, eifgõrdlsl eif dbftlflrsl slrlfi/b ustlm y fi iglfmlr b ab itrb plrsifb. - Igrlzeb ufb batlrfbtovb vobnal pbrb bdnis, so ab itrb plrsifb al odpirtb y ustlm mlslb dbftlflr ufb nulfb rlabeoõf. - ^lpltor ab flhbtovb, lf ebsi ml ofsostlfeob y ml oftlftis ml dbfopuabeoõf pir pbrtl

 

ml ab itrb plrsifb (lf la ebsi qul prltlfmb qul sl solftb ustlm rlspifsbnal ml siaueoifbr su sotubeoõf).

‑fi siy orrlspifsbnal, ls vlrmbm qul dl `l iavombmi ml ab eotb, plri tu tbdnoïf tl pimäbs `bnlr beirmbmi—.

• Dbftlflrsl gordl lf su flhbtovb - Ul trbtb ml mlglfmlr su pufti ml vostb, su

- [rlhuftb bslrtovb. Lstb tïefoeb eifsostl lf plmoral dâs ofgirdbeoõf y beabrbeoifls b ab plrsifb qul fis `bel ab erätoeb. Uif prlhuftbs mlstofbmbs b sbnlr b quï sl rlgolrl lxbetbdlftl eif su erätoeb, pir ljldpai: ¹b quï tl rlgolrls eubfmi moels qul...9

flhbtovb, su pisturb trbfquoaombm, sof mljbrsl dbfopuabr pireif bspletis orrlalvbftls, lxeusbs trovobals i ab bhrlsovombm mla oftlraieutir. - Mlnl `belr ebsi idosi b ais oftlftis ml dbfopuabeoõf pir pbrtl mla oftlraieutir, lstl pulml rleurror: ba rleursi b ab nulfb rlabeoõf, b `belral rlspifsbnal ml ab sotubeoõf, b bdlfbzbs ml pisonals eifsleulfeobs flhbtovbs. Mlnl fi mljbrsl ofgauor pir timbs lstbs brhueobs. - ^lpltor, eif gordlzb, `bstb qul la oftlraieutir sl eifvlfzb ml su pisturb i al igrlzeb ufb batlrfbtovb vobnal.

• @belr grlftl b abs erätoebs Ab dljir dbflrb ml rlbeeoifbr bftl ufb erätoeb eifsostl lf bfbaozbr slrlfbdlftl euâa ls la topi ml erätoeb qul al lstâf `beolfmi, belptbr abs qul sif justbs y mlglfmlrsl eif nulfis dimbals ml abs ofjustbs. Fi piflrsl flrvoisi, fo eiftrbbtbebr eif erätoebs b ab itrb plrsifb. ^lgalxoifbr eif eabrombm pbrb mltletbr so sif bmleubmbs i fi. Fi slftorsl `udoaabmi, fi mls`belrsl lf justogoebeoifls i lxeusbs, belptbr slrlfbdlftl la pufti ml vostb ml ab itrb plrsifb sof erllr qul ïstl fis mlgofl eidi plrsifbs. @by vbrobs girdbs ml `belr grlftl b abs erätoebs, pir ljldpai, dlmobftl: - Beulrmi bslrtovi. Ls ufb tïefoeb pbrb rlbeeoifbr eubfmi rleonl ufb erätoeb qul ls ufb mlsebaogoebeoõf plrsifba `beob ustlm y qul sl nbsb lf uf eidpirtbdolfti suyi qul `b pimomi ebusbr dialstob. Bftl lstbs sotubeoifls ustlm mlnl belptbr ab erätoeb, plri sunrbybfmi qul ls su eifmuetb ab erotoebnal y fi ustlm eidi plrsifb. Uo al moelf: ‑lrls uf orrlspifsbnal, pir tu euapb `l aalhbmi tbrml—, pulml mleor:

- Mlglfsb bslrtovb. Eif lstb tïefoeb sl trbtb ml distrbr beulrmi, plri fi elmlr b ai qul sl lstâ pomolfmi. Ba dbftlflrsl gordl lf su eifmuetb, `brâ qul la itri eifsomlrl su pisturb y tlfhb lf eulftb ab ab suyb. Dlmobftl lstb tïefoeb `bel vlr qul lseue`b b ab plrsifb qul al lstâ `bnabfmi, plri qul fi lstâ mospulsti b elmlr b su lxohlfeob, pulml mleor: ‑ls pisonal qul tlfhbs rbzõf, plri ml timbs girdbs yi erli qul...—, ‑prinbnaldlftl lstïs lf ai eolrti, plri buf bsä sohi plfsbfmi qul...— • Lxprlsbr dialstob, mlsbhrbmi i mlsbeulrmi Eifsostl lf lxprlsbr gordl y slrlfbdlftl ais slftodolftis i rlbeeoifls qul fis primuel ufb mltlrdofbmb eifmuetb ml ab itrb plrsifb y suhlroral bnolrtbdlftl qul ai rleifsomlrl i ebdnol. Ba `belrai mlnldis tlflr lf eulftb: - Fi hlflrbaozbr b timb su plrsifb. Eiferltbr y lspleogoebr ab eifmuetb qul fis mlsbhrbmb sof rlglrorfis b laab eidi plrsifb, pir ljldpai, mleor: ‑dl dialstb, i dl solfti dba, i dl moshustb...qul dl hrotls eubfmi dl lquoviei...—, i ‑dl dialstb… qul dl ofsuatls i mlsebaogoquls eubfmi `bhi…—, fi mleor: ‑dl hrotbs i dl ofsuatbs pirqul lrls ufb plrsifb dbab…—. - [lmor uf ebdnoi ml eifmuetb lf ab itrb plrsifb: ‑dl hustbräb qul fi dl inslrvbrbs tbfti eubfmi `bhi do ebdb, bsä lvotbrldis ais lfgrlftbdolftis y ais hrotis...— - ^leifielr ldpâtoebdlftl ais ditovis i lsgulrzis qul ab itrb plrsifb pifl lf fisitris: ‑sï qul tolfls due`b oausoõf lf qul bprlfmb b `belr ab ebdb eidi tú, plri mbdl bahi ml toldpi...—. >>?

>>?

>>?  

]lfhb lf eulftb • Eif lstis mlrle`is y `bnoaombmls fi sl prltlfmlf girdbr plrsifbs lhiästbs, ofmovomubaostbs, mlseifsomlrbmbs, ebaeuabmirbs, rlnlamls, `opõerotbs, bsieobals, lte. • Ul prltlfml girdbr plrsifbs bnolrtbs, sofelrbs, mleomombs, ldpâtoebs, slhurbs ml sä dosdbs, rlspltuisbs eifsohi dosdi y eif ais mldâs, rlspifsbnals, betovbs. [lrsifbs nolf oftlhrbmbs y unoebmbs sieobadlftl. • Ul oftlftb mlsbrriaabr plrsifbaombmls bslrtovbs, fi dbfopuabnals y sudosbs.

Fulvbdlftl al rleirmbdis • Uo ustlm lstb ml beulrmi eif lstis profeopois lxpulstis dâs brronb, lftifels: • Lfsïòlslais, mlsbrrõaalslais y mïjlal b su `oji prbetoebrais mlftri ml ab gbdoaob. Lstl bprlfmozbjl al slrvorâ pbrb aulhi bpaoebrai gulrb ml ebsb. • Al ofsostodis qul ab gbdoaob ls fulstrb prodlrb y dljir lseulab ml bprlfmozbjl. • \stlmls ais pbmrls sif ais dljirls dblstris ml sus `ojis. Lfsïòlfals eif oftlrïs, bdir y pbeolfeob. Ls ufb ml abs dljirls ofvlrsoifls qul pulmlf `belr pir laais.

8.5.5;

husti eif su rlbeeoõf i eif la rlsuatbmi intlfomi mlspuïs: polfsbf qul fi tlfäbf qul `bnlr i tlfäbf ebaabmi, sl solftlfhrotbmi dba pir `bnlr qul ebämi`bnlrsl lf ab bhrlsovombm i dbfopuabeoõf, pir fi `bnlr sbnomi rlbeeoifbr bmleubmbdlftl i pir fi odpiflrsl. Lstbs sotubeoifls b dlfumi hlflrbf slftodolftis flhbtovis eidi ab trostlzb, ab grustrbeoõf, la lfgbmi i ab orb, y bgletbf tbfti b ais pbmrls eidi b ais `ojis. Eubfmi lstbs sotubeoifls sl rlpotlf eif grleulfeob pulmlf bebnbr solfmi lvotbmbs pir ais pbmrls, prlgorolfmi fi lfgrlftbrsl b laabs pbrb lvotbr slftorsl dba eifsohi dosdi i plrmlr la eiftria, y tbdnolf lvotbmbs pir la `oji, qul prlgolrl dlftor pbrb eifslhuor ai qul mlslb bftls qul sipirtbr ufb moseusoõf i ufb ‑nrifeb—. Ab bslrtovombm byumb b dljirbr abs rlabeoifls La eidpirtbdolfti bslrtovi byumb b dljirbr abs rlabeoifls gbdoaobrls, ofeausi lf abs sotub-

>5;  

eoifls ml lfgrlftbdolfti ml pisturbs lftrl pbmrls l `ojis, hrbeobs b qul lstoduab uf eidpirtbdolfti eiftriabmi y lgoebz bftl ais btbquls plrsifbals plreonomis, lvotbfmi abs rlbeeoifls odpuasovbs l orrbeoifbals. Byumb b dbftlflr la eiftria y ab butilstodb, gbeoaotbfmi ab eifsleueoõf ml fulstris injltovis lf ab rlabeoõf (qul fis inlmlzebf, qul fis `bhbf ebsi) sof plrmlr la bgleti ml ais mldâs i la rlsplti pir fisitris dosdis (plrmlr la eiftria y slftorfis euapbnals). Ab bslrtovombm fi siai ls odpirtbftl pbrb vulstri nolflstbr i nulf `belr eidi pbmrls bmldâs ls ufb `bnoaombm ml pritleeoõf pbrb vulstris `ojis. Mlnlf lfslòbrals b slr laais dosdis, b fi mljbrsl dbfljbr pir ais mldâs, b pritlhlr su butilstodb ml abs erätoebs y b sbnlr lseue`brals y rlbeeoifbr b laabs, b fi utoaozbr ab voialfeob pbrb eifslhuor abs eisbs, b tlflr lf eulftb y rlspltbr ba itri, b slr rlspifsbnals ml sus betis, lte. qul mlnlf gidlftbr y lstoLs ufb `bnoaombm duabr, tlfolfmi duy lf eulftb qul ab prodlrb girdb ml bprlfmozbjl ls la ljldpai i dimlai qul ustlmls als pulmlf igrlelr lf ebsb, eif vulstri trbti y betubeoifls. Lf su ebsb y b ai abrhi ml due`bs `irbs ml eifvovlfeob y ml sotubeoifls ml oftlrbeeoõf eif sus `ojis, ustlmls eidi pbmrls sif lxelalftls dimlais pbrb lfslòbrals duatotum ml eidpirtbdolftis. Ab girdb lf qul ustlmls als lxprlslf i pombf abs eisbs, elmbf i sl rlnlalf bftl sus eifmuetbs ml dbfopuabeoõf vb or eifgohurbfmi lstoaiBsä ml sl eidufoebeoõfb bprlfmomi pir susla `ojis. `b eidprinbmi qul abs eifmuetbs bhrlsovbs, eidi hrotbr, bdlfbzbr, ofsuatbr, dbfopuabr sl sulalf bprlfmlr mlsml ab ofgbfeob lf ebsb, b trbvïs ml ab lxplrolfeob morletb y b trbvïs ml ab inslrvbeoõf ml ais rlsuatbmis qul primuelf eubfmi abs rlbaozbf ais mldâs. Ls ofmumbnal qul abs eifmuetbs bhrlsovbs, lf ab dbyiräb ml abs iebsoifls, primuelf uf rlsuatbmi ofdlmobti lf abs itrbs plrsifbs: ab sudosoõf, la eifgirdosdi i la elmlr pbrb lvotbr la lfgrlftbdolfti, pir ai qul tolfmlf b slr odotbmbs pir ais `ojis lf sotubeoifls ml eifgaoeti eif ohubals, i ofeausi eif ais pbmrls i lmuebmirls eubfmi sl hlflrbf pbrb laais sotubeoifls ml grustrbeoõf.

[ir itrb pbrtl, ais pbmrls qul prlglrlftldlftl utoaozbf uf lstoai lmuebtovi butirotbroi, bhrlsovi i odpisotovi lf la qul proirozbf ab inlmolfeob eidi injltovi lmuebtovi pir lfeodb ml itris, mbfmi piei dbrhlf b ab lxprlsoõf ml ab butifidäb mla `oji, lstâf `beolfmi ofmorletbdlftl qul lstl mlsbrriaal uf lstoai ml eidpirtbdolfti pbsovi, ml beifgirdosdi inlmolfeob sof erätoeb fi siai laa is sofi tbd-u laais noïf b ais mldâs. [ulml qul dâs bmlabftl bpbrlzeb lf su `oji/b ab rlnlamäb flhbtovb. Ba lfslòbral b ‑slr nulfi/b sof rle`ostbr—, tbdnoïf al lstâf moeolfmi qul lvotl timb moseusoõf, qul belptl abs erätoebs rlsohfbmi y qul sl mljl aalvbr pir ais mldâs ‑qul sif ais qul tolflf ab rbzõf—. Lfslòbfmi b sus `ojis ml lstb girdb als mljbf piei dbrhlf pbrb qul tlfhb erotlrois pripois, ofmlplfmolftls, butõfidis, ml plrsifb bslrtovb. Lsti `bel qul su `oji bmiptl ai qul bftlroirdlftl vodis eidi eidpirtbdolfti pbsovi: fi mlglfmlr sus ipofoifls, omlbs, oftlrlsls y slftorsl ofgauomi y midofbmi pir ais mldâs ai qul rlplreutorâ flhbtovbdlftl lf su butilstodb. Ais bspletis dâs odpirtbftls ml ab bslrtovombm sif la mlrle`i, ab ebpbeombm y ab `bnoaombm ml mleor fi b ais mldâs, ml flhbrfis b sus mlslis eubfmi lftrbf lf eifgaoeti eif ais fulstris i sodpaldlftl eifsomlrbdis qul fis pulmlf plrjumoebr. Lsti ls lspleobadlftl odpirtbftl eubfmi polfslf lf sus `ojis plqulòis qul sl lstâf girdbfmi y qul aulhi ml jõvlfls y bmialselftls sl vbf b vlr lf due`bs sotubeoifls fulvbs y mlseifieombs pbrb laais bftl abs qul tlfmrâf qul mleomor quï `belr. Uo su `oji/b sbnl qul lf iebsoifls `by qul mleor fi y bprlfml b mleorai, lftifls lstbrâ dljir prlpbrbmi/b pbrb MLEO^ FI: • B ABU M^IHBU • B eifmueor so sl nlnl. • B timi bqulaai qul b ustlm, eidi dbmrl/pbmrl, al prlieupb y qul al hustbräb qul su `oji/b gulrb EB[BZ ML MLEO^ FI. La `le`i ml qul ustlm slb bslrtovi ls odpirtbftl pbrb qul su `oji pulmb bprlfmlr b slrai. \fi ml ais dïtimis dâs lgoebels ml bprlfmozbjl ls la slhuor uf dimlai i ab odotbeoõf. >52

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Ruozâ ustlm polfsl qul so su `oji bprlfml b eidpirtbrsl ml girdb bslrtovb sl lstbrâ pifolfmi lf plaohri su trbnbji y butirombm eidi pbmrl. Ls pisonal qul ustlm tldb qul su `oji, eif lstb girdb ml eidpirtbrsl, pulmb aalhbr b eulstoifbr sus pltoeoifls, ab moseopaofb y abs firdbs qul ustlm al ofeuaqul, o feuaqul, y utoaoel ab bslrtovombm aonrbrsl ml[lri abs rlspifsbnoaombmls qul al pbrb eirrlspifmlf. lsi fi ls bsä, ustlm al lstâ lfslòbfmi b slr plrsifb. [ir lsi ls eifvlfolftl qul bprlfmb ustlm prodlri b slr bslrtovi, pir mis rbzifls: pir ufb pbrtl, eidprinbrâ qul ab bslrtovombm ls dâs lgoebz ml ai qul b`irb erll y bsä slrvorâ ml dimlai b sus `ojis y, pir itrb, ab bslrtovombm al slrâ útoa pbrb dbfljbr bmleubmbdlftl lsbs sotubeoifls qul b ustlm al prlieupbf, sinrl timi eubfmi su `oji/b aalhul b ab bmialselfeob.

8.=. EB^BE]L^OU]OEBU ML AB EID\FOEBEOÕF EIF AIU @OJIU Eif ais foòis plqulòis a foòi lf lmbm prllseiabr `bel due`bs prlhuftbs, timi al rlsuatb oftlrlsbftl y lxeotbftl, fofhúf pbmrl mospifl ml pbeolfeob y toldpi sugoeolftl pbrb bhitbr ab ofsbeobnal euroisombm ml su `oji, pir ai qul, ls rleidlfmbnal qul utoaoel ba rlsti ml su gbdoaob pbrb eidpbrtor ab murb tbrlb ml sbtosgbelr ab euroisombm ml su `oji. Ls odpirtbftl qul ais pbmrls belptlf sus aodotbeoifls y slbf eifseolftls ml qul sif plrsifbs, euyi toldpi y lflrhäb sl `baabf aodotbmis. [ir tbfti fi pulmlf mbr rlspulstb b timbs abs prlhuftbs, lf bahúf didlfti tlfmrâf qul mleor: ¡nbstb!, ¡dbòbfb slhuodis, lstiy bhitbmb! [abfogoqul uf toldpi lspleoba, plri tbdnoïf prumlftl, pbrb btlfmlr b sus prlhuftbs. Ls duy pisonal qul fi pulmb mbr b su `oji ab ebftombm ml toldpi qul ïa qulrräb, plri sä bslhurbrsl qul la toldpi qul al mlmoqul slb sõai pbrb ïa. La foòi ml lfslòbfzb prodbrob sulal moseutorai timi. B lstb lmbm ais foòis lstâf mlsbrriaabfmi lf su oftlaleti ab `bnoaombm ml rbzifbr y utoaozbf b sus pbmrls eidi postbs ml prulnbs. [ir laai ls aõhoei lsplrbr qul fi lstïf ml beulrmi fo eif ais aädotls qul ustlm al dbreb

L

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fo eif la `le`i qul ustlm lstbnalel lstis aädotls. Eubfmi moseutb eif su `oji ml lstb lmbm rleulrml qul fi ieurrl fbmb, qul fi sl vb b ‑plrmlr— su `oji so ustlm elml ml vlz lf eubfmi, sinrl timi so ls lf eisbs oftrbselfmlftls. La `le`i ml qul sl dimlrl i elmb bftl ais brhudlftis ml su `oji fi sohfogoeb qul ustlm `byb plrmomi eiftria eidi pbmrl. @âhbal sbnlr laqul la mlsbeulrmi ls firdba y qul ufb moseusoõf fi tolfl qul bebnbr lf roòb, byúmlal b moselrfor ab moglrlfeob. Lseue`l soldprl ai qul la foòi tlfhb qul mleor y rleifizeb ai qul ml eolrti i ml vlrmbmlri `by lf sus brhudlftis. Aulhi, lxpõfhbal su pufti ml vostb, trbfquoabdlftl.

Eif la bmialselftl Ais bmialselftls, mbmb ab sotubeoõf lspleoba pir ab qul pbsbf, sif uf hrupi ml plrsifbs lspleobadlftl slfsonals b abs erätoebs y mlseifsomlrbeoifls ml ais mldâs. [ir laai rlbeeoifbf ldieoifbadlftl ml girdb tbf oftlfsb eubfmi sus pbmrls als dulstrbf erotoebs i rle`bzi b sus ipofoifls, hustis i eistudnrls. ]bdnoïf, pir ai dosdi, rlsuatbf uf nabfei nab fei tbf gâeoa pbrb ab dbfopuabeoõf pir pbrtl ml su hrupi ml bdostbmls. [isonaldlftl ls lstl la ditovi pir la qul als rlsuatb tbf gâeoa b ais doldnris ml uf hrupi bmialselftl eifvlfelr b ais dâs mïnoals b sidltlrsl b sus firdbs, vbairls y ‑rlhabs—. ‑rlhabs—. Ais bmialselftls ebrlelf timbväb ml abs `bnoaombmls flelsbrobs pbrb `belr grlftl b moe`b prlsoõf ml hrupi, dbfopuabmirb y, lf bahufis ebsis, plrjumoeoba pbrb su butilstodb, qul als mogoeuatb, eubfmi fi als odpoml erlelr eidi

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plrsifbs y eifvlrtorsl lf bmuatis mofâdoeis, bfodisis y butïftoebdlftl aonrls. \f prinaldb nâsoei ml ais bmialselftls sulal slr la sbnlr trbtbr eif ab hlftl, tbfti eif ais dlfirls, eidi eif ais ohubals y dbyirls qul laais. Mlsml aulhi, ais bmialselftls fi soldprl pisllf abs `bnoaombmls flelsbrobs pbrb rlabeoifbrsl lftrl laais y eif itris bmuatis ml dbflrb bslrtovb. Duy b dlfumi betúbf ml dimi pbsovi i bhrlsovi. Uoldprl ls pisonal eidprinbr eõdi bahufis e`oeis sl mljbf bvbsbaabr pir itris qul bnusbf gäsoeb i vlrnbadlftl ml laais.

[ir itrb pbrtl ais due`be`is bhrlsovis, lf due`is ebsis sl eidpirtbf bsä pirqul mlseifielf itri dimi dâs bpripobmi pbrb `belrai. La bprlfmozbjl mla eidpirtbdolfti bslrtovi y la eifieodolfti ml ais mlrle`is plrsifbals plrdotl tbfti b ufis (ais pbsovis) eidi b itris (ais bhrlsovis) rlabeoifbrsl lftrl sä ml dbflrb due`i dâs sbtosgbetirob, pumolfmi rlsiavlr ml dbflrb lgoebz ais prinaldbs qul prlslftb ab eifvovlfeob sieoba. B eiftofubeoõf rleihldis eubtri eubmris ml eifsljis pbrb trbtbr b foòis, jõvlfls y bmialselftls.

Eifsljis pbrb trbtbr b ais dâs plqulòis.

Eifsljis pbrb trbtbr b foòis lf lmbm prllseiabr.

(Ls prlvosonal qul la foòi mohb b timi qul fi).

(Ls gâeoa qul b lsb lmbm ab vulavbf aieb/i eif sus prlhuftbs).

• Igrïzebal batlrfbtovbs.

• Erll ufb hrbf gbdoaob.

• Glaoeätlai pir pir su `bnoaombm pbrb pbrb plfsbr pir sä dosdi. • [õfhbsl lf su auhbr. • ]rbtl ml mostrblral. • Odpõfhbal aädotls.

• Belptl sus aodotbeoifls. • Núsqulal eidpbòlris ml julhi. • Nusqul ab byumb ml uf foòi ml su lmbm. • Lstbnalzeb uf toldpi lspleoba pbrb btlfmlr b sus prlhuftbs.

Eifsljis pbrb trbtbr b foòis ml prodlr eoeai ml nâsoeb

Eifsljis pbrb trbtbr b ais bmialselftls

(Ls prlvosonal qul b lsb lmbm sl ai moseutbf timi)

(Uu eidpirtbdolfti pulml slr `orolftl)

• @âhbal sbnlr qul la mlsbeulrmi ls firdba. • Lseue`l soldprl ai qul la foòi tlfhb qul mleoral. • Nusqul ab vlrmbm lf ai qul ïa moel. • Lxpõfhbal su pufti ml vostb. • ¡Baïhrlsl! 

• Fi tidl ab girdb ml slr ml uf bmialselftl  eidi bahi plrsifba. • Lseue`l pisotovbdlftl. • Mähbal qul ustlm tolfl la mlnlr ml lstbnalelr aädotls rbzifbnals. • Lxpaäqulal qul ls nulfi tlflr slerltis. • Oftlftl slr uf nulf dimlai pbrb su `oji.

Eubmris tidbmis mla aonri «^leltbs pbrb Lmuebr³ 

8.55

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• [brb aihrbr ufb nulfb eidufoebeoõf, so lstâf lf ufb moseusoõf y fi pulml aihrbr la beulrmi plrgleti, põfhbsl, ba dlfis, lf ufb betotum ml bplrturb y mospifonoaombm pbrb belrebrsl dâs b su `oji y pbrb eifielral dljir. Dâs tbrml quozâs sl pimrâ rlldprlfmlr la moâaihi. • \fb mospifonoaombm bgletovb gbvirlel la fúdlri y ab ebaombm ml ab eidufoebeoõf. • Eidprlfmb qul la bmialselftl flelsotb ‑prbetoebr ab mobaïetoeb—, pir ai qul sulalf nusebr ab moseusoõf y la lfgrlftbdolfti eif grleulfeob. Fi sl orrotl pir lstb betotum, slb rbzifbnal y prbetoqul trbfquoabdlftl eif ïa. • Ulpb qul la bmialselftl moseutl due`bs vlels dâs pbrb eifvlfelrsl b sä dosdi qul pbrb eifvlfelr ba oftlraieutir. ]lfhb uf piei ml pbeolfeob y lseúe`lal, slb rlelptovi y vlrâ qul due`bs tlfsoifls mlsbpbrlelf. • La bmialselftl mlslb bgordbr su butifidäb ml plfsbdolfti, bmldâs ml beeoõf y due`bs vlels bmiptb, pir sostldb, ab ipofoõf eiftrbrob b ab qul sistolflf sus pbmrls lf eubaquolr tldb. Fi sl dulstrlf prlieupbmis pir lstl prielsi mla bmialselftl mla qul ïa pulml sbebr pabelr mobaïetoei y ustlmls orrotbnoaombm. • Fi mlsebaogoqul fo dlfisprleol abs omlbs u ipofoifls mla bmialselftl. [brb ïa sif duy odpirtbftls. [olfsl qul, lf timi ebsi, lstâ eifstruylfmi su dufmi oftlaletuba. Fi iavoml qul la bmialselftl lstâ aalfi ml sulòis y gbftbsäbs y la bmuati ml rlbaombmls y ml inaohbeoifls. • Fi sl babrdl ml ab betotum ‑lfgrlftbmirb— mla bmialselftl, ïa tbdnoïf lstâ lf uf plräimi ml aue`b oftlrfb y lxtlrfb oftlfsb. ]idbdis la sohuolftl tlxti ml J. J. Nruflt y J. A. Flhri pirqul byumb b lseabrlelr ais prinal-

dbs ml eidufoebeoõf lftrl ais pbmrls y ais bmialselftls:

Lstânbdis lf ufb rlufoõf ml hrupi ml bmialselftls, mobaihbfmi sinrl ab gbdoaob: - ‑[brb dä ab ebsb ls uf bhinoi, qul so vbs `le`b uf bmlglsoi, qul so lsi fi ls dúsoeb fo fbmb, qul…—. - väb ‑Uä, tlfldis eidi timis. profeopba ls qultlffieuombmi…—. fis mljbf aonlrtbm3 mlnlf plfsbr qul timbie`iLabòis3 dorbprinaldb ai qul `bels, - ‑_ aulhi fi tl eidprlfmlf. ]l hustbräb `bnabr eif laais ml dihiaaõf ml eisbs, plri tl mb eirtl. _i erli qul tlfmräbf qul prlhuftbrtl pir itrbs eisbs qul fi slbf ais lstumois. Bufqul, eabri, so fi ai `bf `le`i fufeb fi tl vbs b piflr b ais 27 bòis b eiftbrals tu vomb…—. - ‑_i mlni slr uf noe`i rbri3 plri dos voljis sif eij… Uinrl timi do volji, qul ls do dljir bdohi3 fis sialdis pbsbr ais mis ebftombm ml toldpi lf ab eieofb, mlspuïs ml elfbr, eubfmi ais itris trls lfbfis sl `bf omi b ab ebdb…— Abs eifvlrsbeoifls qul ais bmialselftls sulalf tlflr sinrl lstl tldb, sif ebso timbs pbrleombs, ¹y ais pbmrls9 - ‑Ab fitbdis mostbftl. Fi sl al pulml mleor fbmb pirqul sl orrotb lfslhuomb—. - ‑Bplfbs pbrb lf ebsb y `by qul sbebral abs eisbs eif ebazbmir—. - ‑Rulrräbdis `bnabr eif ïa plri fis mlseifeolrtb. Lstâ tbf dbji y ml rlplftl pbrlel qul fis pifl ufb nbrrlrb—. >5=

>5=  

baebfzbr la lftlfmodolfti y aihrbr ab flhieobeoõf. Lf eubaquolr eifgaoeti ml rlabeoõf oftlrvolflf nâsoebdlftl trls laldlftis: • Abs plrsifbs odpaoebmbs. • La prinaldb qul sl pabftlb. • La ai.prielsi i ab girdb ml oftlftbr rlsiavlrUof prltlfmlr qul ïstbs slbf timbs abs ebusbs ml ais eifgaoetis lftrl ais bmialselftls y sus pbmrls, pripifldis bquä bahufbs rlgalxoifls pbrb bfbaozbr la prinaldb. • @by qul tlflr lf eulftb ais bspletis b spletis ebrbetlrästoeis ml ab bmialselfeob. • @by @b y qul tlflr prlslftl quï lstoais lmuebtovis sl `bf ldpalbmi y sl ldpalbf. • @by qul eifielr la lftirfi lf la qul sl rlabeoifb la bmialselftl. • @by qul eifielr su ebrâetlr y plrsifbaombm.

La moâaihi lftrl pbmrls l `ojis: su odpirtbfeob pbrb rlsiavlr eifgaoetis Ab eidufoebeoõf ls la dljir dimi ml oftlftbr rlsiavlr ais eifgaoetis. Uo nolf ls eolrti qul fi timi moâaihi eifsohul laodofbr ab tlfsoõf lftrl ais oftlraieutirls, y tbdnoïf ls eolrti qul mltlrdofbmbs pbabnrbs fi `belf sofi bhrbvbrab, fi instbftl, la moâaihi pbrlel, lf profeopoi, eidi uf dlmoi provoalhobmi pbrb

Oftlftbr rlsiavlr uf eifgaoeti dlmobftl la moâaihi supifl, pir tbfti: • Mlgofor eabrbdlftl la prinaldb, lxpiflr bnolrtbdlftl timis bqulaais bspletis qul pulmlf irohofbr la eifgaoeti. • Ubnlr lxprlsbr y piflr la fidnrl b ais slftodolftis qul lf ebmb ufi ml ais odpaoebmis privieb moe`i mlsbeulrmi. • Lfeiftrbr abs batlrfbtovbs vobnals pbrb rlsiavlrai y aihrbr ais beulrmis pisonals, ml dimi qul ab siaueoõf slb sbtosgbetirob pbrb abs mis pbrtls sof qul fofhufi pulmb eifsomlrbrsl vlfelmir i plrmlmir bnsiauti. Beistudnrbr b sus `ojis b utoaozbr lstl slfeoaai lsquldb ml rlsiaueoõf ml prinaldbs i eifgaoetis y utoaozbrai lf ab rlabeoõf eif laais pulml slr ml hrbf utoaombm, sinrl timi eif ais bmialselftls. [lri rleulrml qul flelsotb slr prbetoebmi mlsml ais prodlris bòis ml sus `ojis pbrb qul eubfmi aalhulf b ab bmialselfeob ai vlbf eidi firdba. B eiftofubeoõf als pripifldis qul tlfhbf lf eulftb bahufbs omlbs qul ais butirls eotbmis (Nruflt y Flhri) suholrlf eidi:

Huäbs prâetoebs 22. Ab eidufoebeoõf fi ls ufb eifvlrsbeoõf lspirâmoeb, sofi uf bdnolftl qul sl erlb y sl rlsporb, eidi la ixählfi. Lstl bdnolftl eidolfzb pir la lstbnaleodolfti ml uf butïftoei lfeulftri eif su eõfyuhl. 2>. [brb `bnabr sl flelsotb toldpi. Fi lxostl uf lquovbalftl i sustotuti leifõdoei mla ebroòi, ml ab lxplrolfeob fo ml ab elrebfäb. 25. ]bf odpirtbftl eidi `bnabr ls sbnlr ebaabr: ab eabvl mla sbnlr lseue`br lstâ lf oftlftbr eidprlfmlr la pufti ml vostb ml su `oji. 2=. ^leifielr qul fis `ldis lquoviebmi y plmor plrmõf belreb ml laai b abs plrsifbs ls uf sohfi ml dbmurlz. Fi tldb mlsbfmbr la ebdofi bfmbmi eubfmi sl lquoviqul. _ lfslòl b su `oji b `belr ai dosdi. 25<

>5<  

27. Fi dofusvbairl fufeb ab odpirtbfeob ml ais prinaldbs ml sus `ojis: ai qul fis `bel sugror fufeb ls ufb tiftlräb, pulsti qul fis `bel sugror. 28. @uyb lf sus eifvlrsbeoifls ml timi ai qul pulmb pbrlelr oftlrrihbtiroi oftldplstovi i euroisombm pir ab vomb provbmb ml su `oji. 20. ^leulrml qul su `oji ls lstumobftl, plri fi sõai lstumobftl, ais aonris bnrlf b ab vomb plri, fi ai iavoml, ab vomb ls due`i dâs hrbfml qul ais aonris. 2?. ]rbtl ml pripiflr i suhlror b sus `ojis dltbs dâs qul odpiflrabs. [lri fi rlfufeol b igrlelral su bpiyi y su lxohlfeob. Mobaihbr fi ls elmlr ml su rlspifsbnoaombm ml pbmrls. 2;. _ prieurl dbftlflr la mogäeoa lquoaonroi lftrl ab aonlrtbm y ab rlspifsbnoaombm.  _, gofbadlftl gofbadlftl,, rleulrml qul flelsotb ufb nulfb misos ml [BEOLFEOB, [BEOLFEOB, [BEOLFEOB... _ ULF]OMI MLA @\DI^. [irqul uf bmuati fi sl `bel lf uf mäb fo lf uf bòi.  _ `by qul sbnlr lsplrbr. [lri rleulrml, fufeb eif ais nrbzis eruzbmis sofi eif ufb betotum eidprlfsovb, gbeoaotbmirb, eidpridltomb y rlspifsbnal.

8.7. ABU [LALBU GBDOAOB^LU

L

a eifelpti ml plalb ba qul fis rlglrodis bquä eiftldpab sotubeoifls qul sulalf mbrsl lftrl abs plrsifbs, y pir tbfti tbdnoïf lf ab gbdoaob, qul sl pulmlf mlgofor eidi: ― Moseusoifls. ― Lfgrlftbdolftis. ― Eifgaoetis. [ir tbfti, lftlfmldis pir plalbs bqulaabs sotubeoifls lf abs qul lftrl mis i dâs plrsifbs sl primuelf: lfgrlftbdolftis pir pisoeoifls plrsifbals3 moseusoifls pir puftis ml vostb moglrlftls3 mosputbs pir eifslhuor bahufb eisb, rovbaombmls pir qulrlr hbfbr lf bahi… Bnirmbdis lstl tldb pirqul eifsomlrbdis qul ls grleulftl qul lf abs gbdoaobs sl primuzeb lf bahúf didlfti ufb sotubeoõf qul hlflrl lfgrlftbdolftis i eifgaoetis lftrl sus doldnris. Lf lstl slftomi fi mlnldis iavombr qul fulstrbs vombs fi ebrlelf ml eifgaoeti, primueoïfmisl abs prodlrbs moseusoifls i eifgaoetis lf la fúeali gbdoaobr. [ir laai aalhbdis b trls odpirtbftls eifeausoifls: >57

2. Ab plalb ml ab gbdoaob ls firdba. >. Eidprlfmlr y utoaozbr ais rlsuatbmis ml ufb plalb qul sl primuel pir ditovis  justis (y fi ofeauyl la usi ml ab gulrzb) pulml slr ufb girdb pisotovb ml primueor ebdnois nlflgoeoisis pbrb la erleodolfti ml ab gbdoaob y, pir ai tbfti, ml sus doldnris. 5. [ir eiftrb, eubfmi ab plalb ls ofjustb (l ofeauyl la usi ml ab gulrzb) pulml rlsuatbr uf brdb plaohrisb yb qul pulml bgletbr, l ofeausi mlstruor, ab gbdoaob y ebusbr uf ofdlfsi mbòi b sus doldnris.

8.7.2. [lalb eifstruetovb / plalb pisotovb [lalbr ls bahi firdba (lsti ls ai prodlri y dâs odpirtbftl qul mlnldis rleirmbr belreb ml ab plalb), ls pbrtl lslfeoba mla erleodolfti plrsifba, y ls tbf odpirtbftl eidi la eiftbeti gäsoei y la bgleti. [ir betotumls laai, b eiftofubeoõf dlfeoifbrldis bahufbs y erllfeobs lrrõflbs qul búf dbftlfldis y qul oftlrgolrlf eubfmi trbtbdis ml bprlfmlr b plalbr ml girdb eifstruetovb.

Erllfeobs lrrõflbs 2. [lalbr ls dbai. Fi `by fbmb lslfeobadlftl dbai lf ab plalb, soldprl qul slb  justb, puls plrdotl qul ais slftodolftis ieuatis sbahbf b ab suplrgoeol. Ai odpirtbftl ls qul ab plalb tlfhb uf ditovi  justi y slb lstbnaleomb mlftri ml ufis aädotls rbzifbnals y eiftriabmis. >. Ab gbdoaob qul sl plalb `bnotubadlftl lstâ  lfglrdb y flelsotb byumb. Lstb erllfeob

>57  

fi ls eolrtb. \fb gbdoaob qul sl plalb mlftri ml aädotls rbzifbnals ls sbaumbnal, dbftolfl ufb mofâdoeb votba y fi mlnl slr eifsomlrbmb, pir laai, ml lfglrdb. 5. Ab plalb i lfgrlftbdolfti gbdoaobr pulml  lvotbrsl . La lfgrlftbdolfti gbdoaobr fi sõai fi ls oflvotbnal, sofi qul lf bahufis didlftis fi mlnlräb lvotbrsl, puls pir dlmoi ml ïa pulmlf beabrbrsl y siaueoifbrsl ais eifgaoetis, dbais lftlfmomis i eifgusoifls. =. ]imbs abs mosputbs gbdoaobrls pulmlf rlsiavlrsl dlmobftl uf beulrmi. ]bf odpirtbftl eidi rlsiavlr ab sotubeoõf b trbvïs ml beulrmis ls sbnlr tialrbr y belptbr abs moglrlfeobs ml ais mldâs. Abs gbdoaobs qul bprlfmlf b vovor belptbfmi abs moglrlfeobs ofmovomubals sif dâs gulrtls. . Eifsomlrbeoifls b tlflr lf eulftb

e) Aonlrtbm y butifidäb 

La `le`i ml bfbaozbr y rlgalxoifbr sinrl ab

Ab omlftombm, lsb mlgofoeoõf mla pripoi yi, >58

>58  

mlplfml ml lstbnalelr aädotls, ls mleor, ml sbnlr mõfml tlrdofb ais aädotls ml ufi y mõfml eidolfzb ais mla itri. Fi ls bmleubmi la slr mldbsobmi plrdosovis eif ais `ojis, eidi tbdpiei ai ls la ‑bsgoxobrais— eif mldbsobmb pritleeoõf, lxohlfeob i eiftria. [ir tbfti `by qul aihrbr uf dlmoi mifml la foòi pulmb aue`br pir mlseunror y mlgofor su pripob aonlrtbm y butifidäb, su pripob omlftombm, mlnolfmi slr ab gbdoaob la bdnolftl fbturba mifml pulmb mlsbrriaabrsl lsb aue`b ml girdb slhurb y bmleubmb. m) Ab slpbrbeoõf

Mlftri ml ufb dbmurbeoõf plrsifba sbaumbnal, ab slpbrbeoõf ls ufb flelsombm votba. [ir laai ls flelsbroi qul ais pbmrls baolftlf b sus `ojis b slpbrbrsl b ofmlplfmozbrsl, b vbalrsl pir sä dosdis, sof inaohbrals `beoïfmiai ml ufb dbflrb subvl y prihrlsovb. [ir su pbrtl, ais `ojis qul vbf ebdofi ml ab dbmurlz flelsotbf lfeiftrbr ufb girdb ml baljbrsl ml ais pbmrls sof ridplr i mbòbr lsis väfeuais ml bpiyi y pritleeoõf, qul tbf nolf als `bf slrvomi mlftri ml ab gbdoaob.

h) Ab rlpltoeoõf

B vlels rlpltodis eisbs qul `beäbf fulstris pbmrls, ml abs qul lstânbdis slhuris qul fufeb änbdis b rlpltor: ab laleeoõf ml pbrljb, ab girdb ml lmuebr b ais `ojis, lte. Mlnldis rleirmbr qul ab odotbeoõf ls oflvotbnal, plri ab butierätoeb fis byumbrâ b lstbr btlftis bftl bqulaabs rlpltoeoifls qul slbf lslfeobadlftl flhbtovbs y eiftrbrobs ba erleodolfti plrsifba y ba dljirbdolfti ml abs rlabeoifls gbdoaobrls, pbrb bsä trbtbr ml lvotbrabs. Lstbs eifsomlrbeoifls qul pulmlf vlrsl eidi ‑inslrvbeoifls ml ai qul b vlels qulmb ieuati— sl igrlelf b ais pbmrls eidi bmvlrtlfeobs ml qul lf fulstrbs vombs y lf fulstris eifgaoetis lxostlf bahi dâs qul ai dlrbdlftl suplrgoeoba, ml ai qul b sodpal vostb sl vl. Ais pbmrls tolflf ab rlspifsbnoaombm, bftl sus `ojis y bftl laais dosdis, ml slr mlaoebmis y slfsonals pbrb inslrvbr abs slòbals qul mbf sus `ojis, y utoaozbr sus ebpbeombmls y su dldirob pbrb `belr eiflxoifls lftrl ai suplrgoeoba mla didlfti y ai qul pulmb `bnlr ml prigufmi, ml lstbr ieuati (y quozâs fi rlsulati) y, pir tbfti, pulml qulmbr mlftri, sof qul sl al `byb eidprlfmomi.

l) Bplrturb ldieoifba 

8.7.5. ^leursis pbrb siaueoifbr prinaldbs

Mlftri ml ab gbdoaob mlnl ml `bnlr aonlrtbm pbrb lxprlsbr, lxplrodlftbr y eidpbrtor ais slftodolftis y abs ldieoifls (yb slbf pisotovbs i flhbtovbs) sof tldir b ab rlprlfsoõf i b

Lf ab plalb gbdoaobr sl pulml primueor la lstbfebdolfti eubfmi ufb u itrb ml abs pbrtls qul oftlrvolflf plrdbflelf ofdõvoals lf su pisoeoõf y ai rleifielf. Lf lstl pufti erätoei mla

ab Uo mlsbprinbeoõf. fi sl gbeoaotb lxtlroirozbr abs pripobs ldieoifls y slftodolftis, pbrb moseutor ai qul solftlf ais doldnris ml ab gbdoaob, sl pulml hlflrbr eifgaoetis qul qulmbf abtlftls pumolfmi bgairbr dâs bmlabftl. Ls la prielsi qul eifieldis eidi rlslftodolftis.

lstbfebdolfti ls ab mifml ebmb ufbmlmlais abspuftis pbrtls pulml rleifielr odpirtbfeob qul als uflf, eidi ais qul als slpbrbf lf ab plalb y, b pbrtor ml lstl rleifieodolfti, utoaozbr bahufis ml ais rleursis qul al pripifldis pbrb ab siaueoõf ml ais prinaldbs. Bahufbs ml lstis rleursis pulmlf slr:

g) Nbtbaab lftrl ais pbmrls 

b) Ab eiabnirbeoõf

Eubfmi lf ab gbdoaob lxostl uf prinaldb qul pbrlel horbr barlmlmir ml ab betubeoõf ml ais pbmrls, pulml `bnlr ufb nbtbaab sleufmbrob lftrl laais pir mltlrdofbr quoïf `ozi abs eisbs nolf y quoïf dba. Ai odpirtbftl lf lstl ebsi ls bfbaozbr la prinaldb y aulhi gbeoaotbr lftrl ais mis ab pisonoaombm ml siaueoifbrai.

Eubfmi mlftri ml ufb plalb gbdoaobr sl lstâ lf uf didlfti ml lstbfebdolfti, ab eiabnirbeoõf pulml slr uf lxelalftl rleursi pbrb or `beob ab eifeoaobeoõf, `beob ab núsqulmb ml

>50

siaueoõf. B eiftofubeoõf prlslftbdis bahufbs omlbs nâsoebs pbrb eiabnirbr.

>50  

2. Nusebr dbflrbs ml bpabzbr ab moseusoõf. Oftlftl bpabzbr ab plalb pbrb itri didlfti so fi lfeulftrbf lf lstis didlftis siaueoifls belptbnals pbrb timis. >. ]rbtbr ml slr la prodlri. \fb vlz mbmi la lstbfebdolfti lf uf eifgaoeti, ¹pir quï fi slr ustlm la prodlri/b lf lxtlfmlr ab dbfi ml ab bdostbm9 Uo mbf lstl pbsi y sl brrolshbf pisonaldlftl hbfbrâf prlstohoi bftl sus `ojis y tbdnoïf baebfzbrâf puftis pbrb slr uf ‑nulf pbmrl/dbmrl—. 5. Mldistrbr qul pulml `bnlr eifgobfzb  dutub. La trbfsdotor b sus `ojis qul pulmlf eifgobr dutubdlftl al mbrâ ab ipirtufombm pbrb lfeiftrbr la ebdofi `beob ufb siaueoõf lquotbtovb y sbaumbnal. Eifgobfzb, lsplrbfzb, plrmõf y viauftbm ml lfeiftrbr siaueoifls sif abs eabvls. =. ]lflr lf eulftb ufb vosoõf `ostõroeb. La `le`i juftis eifielrsl plrdotl b ais oftlhrbftlsmlmlvovor ab gbdoaob y bprlfmlr b rlbeeoifbr bftl la eidpirtbdolfti ml ebmb ufi ml girdb prumlftl. Fi sl mljl aalvbr pir abs bpbrolfeobs mla didlfti, fo pir ais flrvois, rlgalxoifl sinrl su `oji eif ufb vosoõf `ostõroeb ml su vomb. n) Ab flhieobeoõf

flelsbroi ufb hrbf misos ml pbeolfeob y trbfquoaombm. >. Oftlrebdnoi ml gbvirls. Ul `bel uf gbvir b ebdnoi ml itri. Lsti fi sohfogoeb ‑gbvir eif gbvir sl pbhb—, sofi dâs nolf ‑`iy pir to dbòbfb pir dä—3 plri sä aalhbmi la ebsi ls ai qul `by qul `belr pbrb aihrbr uf beulrmi belptbnal y belptbmi, lstuplfmb siaueoõf. 5. Eifvlfoi ml byumb dutub. Ls ufb vbrobftl mla bftlroir qul odpaoeb ai sohuolftl: tú eifsohuls ai qul quolrls lf lstl tldb b ebdnoi ml qul yi eifsohb ai qul quolri lf bqula itri tldb. =. Brrlhai dutui. B vlels fi sl pulmlf erlbr batlrfbtovbs pbrb siaueoifbr ufb sotubeoõf ml lstbfebdolfti mla eifgaoeti mlnomi b eolrtbs ‑mogoeuatbmls—, lftifels ebmb ufb ml abs pbrtls mlnl rleurror b uf brrlhai dutui. \f ljldpai ai pulml beabrbr: la `oji flelsotb la eie`l, ais pbmrls tbdnoïf, eifgaoeti. [isonal siaueoõf: ais pbmrls ai belrebf y aulhi vulavl eif uf bdohi3 i nolf aabdb dâs tbrml la `oji pbrb qul sus pbmrls vbybf b rleihlrai. 5?

>5?  

midofbftl, odpisotovi, tialrbftl, eidpbsovi, elrrbmi, bnolrti, muri i mldbsobmi grâhoa9 B`irb trbtl ml mleorsl abs pbabnrbs qul al moräb ab itrb plrsifb. Mïsl eulftb: ¹sif bhrbmbnals9 ¹eidprlfml pir quï lsb plrsifb moel lsbs pbabnrbs ml ustlm9 Lstl ljlreoeoi ls duy útoa pbrb piflrsl lf la auhbr mla itri l omlftogoebrsl eif su pufti ml vostb. >. Allr lftrl aäflbs. Eidi pbmrls, ustlmls flelsotbf slr plrelptovis y ebpbels ml allr lftrl aäflbs. [rieurlf fi betubr eidi mltletovls fo julels sofi trbtlf ml aalhbr b ais slftodolftis qul lstâf mltrâs ml ab eifmuetb ml su `oji/b, bftls ml lfgrlftbrab, rle`bzbrab i juzhbrab. ^leulrml ai trbtbmi lf ab lseue`b betovb. Ulb tbdnoïf fi sõai rbeoifba . 5. Eubfmi sl ldieoifba, lxplsbf ais slftodolftis bnolrtb y sofelrbdlftl y sl eifgolsb abs mlnoaombmls mlftri ml ab gbdoaob, bmldâs ml qul fis `beldis dâs `udbfis, rlsuatb dâs gâeoa qul fis rlspifmbf hlflrisbdlftl. ]rbtl ml lxprlsbrsl dâs eif ai ldieoifba qul eif ai rbeoifba. =. [lfsbr bftls ml betubr. B dlfumi sl rlspifml b abs pbabnrbs ml bahuolf râpombdlftl eif ab beeoõf. Uolfmi ab beeoõf ai úatodi qul sl `bel y, b vlels, yb fi `by vulatb btrâs, sl mlnlräb pir tbfti, plfsbr

y rlgalxoifbr y viavlr b plfsbr, bftls ml betubr. =;

fls aonrls ml tlfsoõf. Betubr eif ufb betotum pisotovb sohfogoeb: 2. Elftrbrsl prodlri pir ai dâs gâeoa. Bnirml lf prodlr auhbr bqulaais tldbs qul prlslftlf dlfis eidpaoebeoõf y euyb odpirtbfeob pbrb ais pbrtoeopbftls lf ab plalb slb dlfir. Wbyb ml ai dâs gâeoa i ml ai dlfis eifgaoetovi b ai dâs mogäeoa i dâs eifgaoetovi. >. Odpaäqulsl lfeisbs primuetovbs. Ebdnol abs betotumls y rlbeeoifls flhbtovbs pir pisotovbs. [ir ljldpai, lf vlz ml lfgbmbrsl pir abs nbjbs ebaogoebeoifls qul trbji su `oji/b, mlmoqulal toldpi b lstbr ïa/laab `beolfmi bahi qul al byuml b mlsbrriaabr su ditovbeoõf y su ebpbeombm. 5. Erll uf bdnolftl bhrbmbnal lf su gbdoaob. \fb betotum ml bpiyi, qul trbtl ai pisotovi eidi uf aihri, mifml timis sl solftbf ebpbels, qulromis y lgoebels plrdotorây baebfzbr uf bdnolftl dâs bhrbmbnal primuetovi. =. Bpaoqul rlhabs justbs. Eubfmi ufb moseusoõf mltlrdofbmb sl rlsulavl eif rlhabs injltovbs y lquotbtovbs, ais prinaldbs ml eidpltlfeob, imoi, sudosoõf y midofbfeob fi tolflf ebnomb. =;  

Eofei dbflrbs ml sbaor borisi ml ufb moseusoõf gbdoaobr

Eubtri dbflrbs ml lvotbr abs plalbs gbdoaobrls

• ]rbtl ml eiftldpabr ab sotubeoõf mlsml ab plrspletovb ml su `oji. • \sl ab tïefoeb ml `bnabr ml su pripob lxplrolfeob. • Ofeuaqul lf su `oji uf toldpi ml rlgalxoõf. • Lf ebsi ml plrmlr ais lstronis, tõdlsl ustlm uf toldpi ml rlgalxoõf. • [rlhúftlsl quï ls dâs odpirtbftl pbrb ustlm: la bdir ba pimlr i la pimlr mla bdir.

• ^leulrml: lf due`bs iebsoifls, ab dbab eifmuetb ml su `oji ls ufb aabdbmb ba bdir. Fi sl ai tidl eidi bahi plrsifba. • ^leuïrmlal b su `oji qul bdnis sl `baabf lf la dosdi lquopi. • Bsudb qul fo ustlm fo su `oji sif slrls plrgletis. • Bgriftl ais eifgaoetis: fi ais lvotl.

Eubmri tidbmi mla aonri «^leltbs pbrb Lmuebr³ 

8.8. AIU J\LHIU LF AB GBDOAOB. AB IE\[BEOÕF MLA IEOI _ LA ]OLD[I AON^L 8.8.2. La julhi

L

a julhi tolfl ufb hrbf odpirtbfeob lf la mlsbrriaai oftlaletuba, bgletovi y ldieoifba y sieoba mla slr `udbfi. Ls ab prodlrb ‑`lrrbdolftb— eif ab qul eifstruodis fulstri oftlaleti, fulstrbs betotumls, vbairls y fulstri dufmi ml rlabeoõf.

La julhi lf ab ofgbfeob  La julhi ls ufb betovombm pbrb la foòi, bmldâs ml pabelftlrb, flelsbrob pbrb su mlsbrriaai oftlaletuba, bgletovi, ldieoifba y rlabeoifba. La  julhi lspiftâfli y aonrl a onrl gbvirlel ab dbmurbeoõf y la plfsbdolfti erlbtovi.

Ais foòis mlnlräbf tlflr sugoeolftls iebsoifls pbrb juhbr aonrldlftl. Bahufis pbmrls eifsomlrbf qul "juhbr pir juhbr" ls ufb plrmomb mltimbs toldpi qul slräb dâs vle`br absy iebsoifls pbrbrlftbnal bprlfmlrbpribahi útoa, y sbturbf b sus `ojis eif inaohbeoifls pir bprlfmlr. [lri eifvolfl ofsostor qul pir dlmoi mla julhi, ais foòis ldpolzbf b eidprlfmlr eõdi gufeoifbf abs eisbs, ai qul pulml i fi pulml `belrsl eif laabs, mlseunrlf qul lxostlf rlhabs ml ebusbaombm, ml prinbnoaombm y ml eifmuetb qul mlnlf belptbrsl y rlspltbrsl so quolrlf qul ais mldâs julhulf eif laais. Diftbohfl mleäb qul ‑ais julhis ml ais foòis mlnlräbf eifsomlrbrsl eidi sus betis dâs slrois". La julhi aonrl y lspiftâfli lstâ lstâ aalfi ml sohfogoebmi pirqul surhl eif ditovi ml prielsis oftlrfis qul bufqul fisitris fi lftlfmbdis mlnldis rlspltbr. Uo sl mlslb eifielr b ais foòis ―su dufmi eifseolftl l ofeifseolftl― ls flelsbroi eidprlfmlr sus julhis3 inslrvbfmi ïstis mlseunrodis sus mlsbrriaais dlftbals, sus bprlfmozbjls, sus prlieupbeoifls, sus dolmis, y timi bqulaai qul fi pulmlf lxprlsbr eif pbabnrbs y qul lfeulftrbf su lxprlsoõf b trbvïs mla julhi.

Julhi y rlbaombm: ]opis ml julhis Ais topis ml julhis ml ais foòis dulstrbf su pripoi mlsbrriaai mlftri ml sus ltbpbs lviautovbs, bsä tlfldis lstis trls fovlals ml julhi: >=2