La Comunicación Asertiva, Agresiva y Pasiva

 

BJ IFEQO@IJI@ÙO JYA[S@XJ, JL[AY@XJ P ]JY@XJ Ga`eey Yn`rbay Kjrrarj Jbkjrrjiåo

 

IFEQO@ QO@IJI IJI@ÙO @ÙO JYA JYA[ [S@X S@XJ J IFE •

Bj ifeuo`iji`ùo jsart`vj sa kjsj ao uoj jit`tuc parsfojb pfs`t`vj j bj nfrj ca rabji`fojrsa ifo bfs caeês y ifos`sta ao axprasjr fp`o`foas y vjbfrji`foas av`tjocf casijb`h`iji`foas, raprfinas y aohraotje`aotfs. Astf `epb`ij qua bj ifeuo`iji`ùo jsart`vj as bj våj jcaiujcj pjrj `otarjitujr ifo bjs parsfojs.

 

:= [ALBJY ]J[J BJ IFEQO@IJI@ÙO JYA[S@XJ7 •

Bj jsart`v`cjc as, pfr tjotf, bj ijpji`cjc ca axprasjr bf qua sa s`aota, bf qua sa p`aosj y bf qua sa qu`ara ca uoj ejoarj raspatufsj y cahaoc`aocf bfs prfp`fs carainfs. Sfcfs sfefs `lujbas y tfcfs earaiaefs sar trjtjcfs tr jtjcfs ca ejoarj jcaiujcj.

:. Hfreubj hrjsas ao pr`earj parsfoj pfrqua njkbjefs ca ofsftrfs e`se e`sefs7 fs7 ‒yf p`aosf―, ‒yf s`aotf―, ‒yf iraf―. ;. @otaotj aotaocar jb ftrf, of njkbas ca supuastjs `otaoi`foas. `otaoi`foas. 9. Jce`ta ab arrfr s` bf ifeat`sta y eu euàstrjta àstrjta c`spuastf j ijek`jr. ijek`jr. 3. Srjs uoj iråt`ij p`ca jibjrji`foas e eac`jota ac`jota praluotjs if ifoiratjs. oiratjs. 1. [ap`ta tu puotf ca v`stj s`o ijek`jr bjs pjbjkrjs o` ab tfof ca vfz, ifef s` huarjs uo c`sif rjyjcf. 8. Qt`b`zj ab jiuarcf pjri`jb, euastrj y axpràs axpràsjba jba j bj ftrj parsfoj bj pjrta cab eaosjga ifo bj qua astês ca jiuarcf. . Y` njias uoj iråt`ij njkbj ca bfs n nainfs ainfs ifoiratfs, of laoarjb laoarjb`ias. `ias. 0. Of raspfocjs ca uo efcf jlras`vf, s` bf njias fktaocrês bf e`sef ca vuabtj. :=.Ejotào bj ijbej, puacas axprasjr bf qua qu`aras cai`r ifo trjoqu`b`cjc.

 

ijrjitaråst`ij ca bj ifeuo`iji`ùo jsart`vj •

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Ao asta t`pf ca ifeuo`iji`ùo sa pfoa ao gualf bjs s`lu`aotas njk`b`cjcas7

[aspatf. Bj parsfoj quab`kra agaria asta t`pf ifeuo`iji`ùo sa s`aota y salurj j bjcanfrj ca axprasjr sus `cajs y bf njia s`o eaofsprai`jr j bfs caeês. Asiuinj jit`vj. ]foa tjotf `otaràs ao trjose`t`r sus `cajs ibjrjeaota ifef ao asiuinjr bjs ca bfs caeês y ejotaoar ab haackjid ifrraitf. Nfoast`cjc. Yu ifeuo`iji`ùo axprasj qu`ao as àb ifef prfhas`fojb y ifef parsfoj casca bj varcjc. Yfbui`ùo ca ifohb`itfs. Cj vjbfr j iujbqu`ar `caj axprasjcj juoqua of saj ifepjrt`cj pfr tfcfs.

 

Sàio`ijs ca Ifeuo`iji`ùo Jsart`vj Jsart`vj Sàio`ij cab c`sif rjyjcf Bj tàio`ij cab c`sif rjyjcf ifos`sta ao rapat`r vjr`js vaias uoj jh`reji`ùo s`o efc`h`ijr o` ouastrf tfof, r`tef y vfbueao, y s`o `otaoi`ùo ca aotrjr ao o`oluoj ifohrfotji`ùo. Agaepbf7  ’ Of ea astjs asiuinjocf.  ’ Yå ba asiuinf, parf gustf ao asta efeaotf, astfy j bj vaz ifeprfkjocf sus cjtfs.  ’ Of, of ea prastjs jtaoi`ùo  ’ Ba rap`tf qua s` ba astfy asiuinjocf, sùbf astfy ifeprfkjocf bj `ohfreji`ùo qua ea nj cjcf ao asta efeaotf.

 

Sàio`ij cab kjoif ca o`akbj •

Bj tàio`ij cab kjoif ca o`akbj ifos`sta ao ftfrljrba jb ib`aota bj rjzùo parf of cagjocf buljr j ifot`oujr ifo ab aohraotje`aotf f c`sius`ùo. Ao asta ijsf, njy qua taoar i`artf iu`cjcf jb usjr astj tàio`ij yj qua ab ib`aota puaca bbaljr j saot`r qua of quaraefs jyucjrbf.

Agaepbf7 •

 ’ J cåj ca nfy of ea njkà`s njkà`s sfbui`fojcf ab  prfkbaej.  ’ ]uaca qua taolj rjzùo. rjzùo.  ’ ¡Ibjrf qua taolf rjzùo!  ’ As pfs`kba.  ’ ¡Ibjrf qua as pfs`kba! pfs`kba!  ’ Pj, Pj, of sa bf vfy j oaljr. oaljr.

Sàio`ij pjrj ab ijek`f •

Ifo astj tàio`ij sa `otaotj cjr uoj v`s`ùo lbfkjb ca bj c`sius`ùo rabjt`v`zêocfbj pjrj racui`r ab

o`vab ca jlras`v`cjc y/f hrustrji`ùo. Agaepbf7 •

 ’ Of ta njs aotarjcf ca bf qua ta jijkf ca cai`r.  ’ Of ba na asiuinjcf ifo ibjr`cjc pfrqua astjkj ifeprfkjocf bj `ohfreji`ùo qua ea nj cjcf.  ’ ¡Iùef puacas cai`r asf! Jcaeês taolf pr`sj  ’ E`ra, ifo trjoqu`b`cjc pfcraefs sfbui`fojr astf, of fkstjota, sjka qua astf raqu`ara ca uo t`aepf pjrj pfcar njiarbf pfr bf qua pfcaefs vjbfrjr s` ba earaia bj paoj ifot`oujr jnfrj f ao ftrf efeaotf. ¶Ba pjraia k`ao6

 

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Sàio`ij cab jiuarcf jsart`vf Ao asta ijsf sa `otaotj bbaljr j uo jiuarcf cfoca sa ifoh`rej bf qua sa  puacj ifos`carjr ifef arrfr, parf cjocf ifef huocjeaotf qua ao laoarjb, of as bf njk`tujb.

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Agaepbf7 •

 ’ Iujotjs vaias bf taolf taolf qua rapat`r. rapat`r.  ’ S`aoa S`aoa rjzùo jb cai`r qua qua ba naefs  pac`cf astfs cjtfs cjtfs ao vjr`js fijs`foas fijs`foas  parf aotaocarê qua taolf taolf qua ifeprfkjr qua tfcf as ifrraitf.

Sàio`ij ca bj praluotj jsart`vj As ifotastjr j ouastrf raiaptfr ifo uoj praluotj qua pfoa ao pfs`t`vf bf qua sa astê c`siut`aocf cjocf jcaeês jb ib`aota bj fpfrtuo`cjc ca jhrfotjr ao ab e`sef saot`cf bj iråt`ij f c`h`iubtjc qua ofs njyj pbjotajcf.

Agaepbf7 •

 ’ Jb h`ojb of ea nj sarv`cf ca ojcj.  ’ ¶Zuà iraa qua pfcråjefs pfcråjefs njiar pjrj qua astf of vfbv`arj j fiurr`r6

 

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Sàio`ij ca `lofrjr  Astj tàio`ij sa suaba usjr iujocf ao bj bbjejcj, ab ib`aota, sa euastrj euy jbtarjcf f aohjcjcf y asifostruit`vj. ifepb`ijcf ejotaoar uoj ifovarsji`ùo Ao astfs efeaotfs taoaefs qua sar bfs eês aepêt`ifs pfs`kbas  pjrj of caspartjr o`oluoj `epras`ùo ca jlras`ùo.

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Agaepbf7  ’ ¡Astfy njrtf ca qua of ea sfbui`foao ab  prfkbaej!  ’ Jnfrj Jnfrj astê ca euy ejb nuefr. nuefr. Ca jnå qua iraj ifovao`aota jpbjzjr astj ifovarsji`ùo •

 pjrj ftrf efeaotf eês `cùoaf

Sàio`ij cab jpbjzje`aotf jsart`vf Astj tàio`ij bj usjefs iujocf of sfefs ijpjias ao asa efeaotf ca cjr uoj sfbui`ùo f raspuastj jcaiujcj j bj raibjeji`ùo qua ofs njia ab ib`aota. Ya puaca ifepjl`ojr ifo bj tàio`ij cab  kjoif ca o`akbj, s` ab ib`aota ib`aota `os`sta euinf. euinf. Agaepbf7  ’ Ouoij ea sfbui`foê`s sfbui`foê`s o`ol÷o prfkbaej. prfkbaej.  ’jh`reji`ùo Of as bj pr`earj ea njia njianjkbjcf astj ao y ifef vaz sjkaqua yj naefs ftrjs fijs`foas ca asta e`sef taej. Ba  prfpfolf jpbjzjrbf jpbjzjrbf pfrqua ao asta prai`sf prai`sf efeaotf astfy j bj asparj4 paoc`aota ca su raibjeji`ùo.

 

Asiuinjr ca hfrej jit`vj, `epb`ij ijptjr bj tftjb`cjc cab eaosjga ca ouastrf `otarbfiutfr a `otarpratjrbf casca ab puotf ca v`stj ca asta, as cai`r,  pfoarofs ao su buljr buljr.. Astf of qu`ara cai`r qua taoljefs qua astjr ca jiuarcf f ifepjrt`r su fp`o`ùo. Jså, bj Jsart`v`cjc, ifef njk`b`cjc ifeuo`ijt`vj, hji`b`tj ab sjkar cai`r ‒of― j ouastrf `otarbfiutfr jota bfs eaosjgas ao bf qua of astaefs ca jiuarcf s`o irajr uo ifohb`itf.

 

IFEQO@IJ O@IJI@ÙO I@ÙO JL[A JL[AY@X Y@XJ J IFEQ Ya aepbaj uoj ifeuo`iji`ùo jlras`vj iujocf `otaotjefs ax`l`r ouastrfs carainfs, axprasjr ouastrfs saot`e`aotfs y sjt`shjiar ouastrjs oaias`cjcas4 s`o taoar ao iuaotj bfs carainfs, saot`e`aotfs y oaias`cjcas ca bj parsfoj qua ofs astê asiuinjocf. ]fr bf tjotf, ifeuo`ijrsa ca ejoarj jlras`vj of sfbf as `osubtjr y casijb`h`ijr jb ftrf, tjek`ào bf as, njkbjr ifo uo vfbueao ca vfz euy jbtf4 cjr ùrcaoas f njiar iråt`ijs castruit`vjs, pfr agaepbf. As uoj ca bjs hfrejs ca axprasjr bj v`fbaoi`j4 qua sa ejo`h`astj ifo ab baolujga varkjb, parf tjek`ào ifo ab of varkjb.

 

IJ[JISA[ÅYS@IJY

 X`fbjo bfs carainfs ca bfs caeês.   Bas cj `lujb bfs carainfs ca ftrfs, abbfs sfbf e`rjo pfr bfs suyfs prfp`fs. •

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Bflrjo sus fkgatvfs j ifsj ca bfs caeês.   Kusijo qua ftrjs parsfojs njljo bjs ifsjs qua abbfs aoao qua njiar. Yfo kab`larjoas, nue`bbjo y casprai`jo j bfs caeês.   Of bas `epfrtj taoar qua `osubtjr f nue`bbjr j ftrjs parsfojs ao p÷kb`if s`aepra y iujocf p`aosao qua njiarbf bas jyucjrê j ifosalu`r su fkgavf. •

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Yfo axpbfs`vjs, ca rajii`ùo `eprav`s`kba, nfsb a `rjiuocj. Ya eaao ao bjs cai`s`foas ca bfs caeês.   Eaofsprai`jo j bj laota y sa iraao ifo ab carainf ca tfejr cai`s`foas u fp`ojr sfkra bjs cai`s`foas ca ftrjs parsfojs. •

 

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C`raij. ]fr uo bjcf, puaca sar varkjb eac`jota `osubtfs, jeaojzjs, ifeaotjr`fs

nfsbas, nue`bbjotas, y, pfr ftrf bjcf,ifeaotjr`fs puaca sar of varkjb ifo ati. ab usf ca lastfs jeaojzjotas u nfsbas. •

@oc`raij.  Ifeaotjr`fs sjriêsifs,

ifeaotjr`fs raoifrfsfs f nue`bbji`foas. Ao bj s`tuji`ùo jotar`freaota casir`tj y caspuàs ca njkar cjcf uoj raspuastj jsarvj y njkar c`inf OF j bj pai`ùo ca rajb`zjr ab asquaej, uoj raspuastj jlras`vj a `oc`raitj saråj parsfoj j bj qua ba naefs c`inf qua of,qua sa bj vjyj eureurjocf y njkbjocf ejb ca ofsftrfs j ouastrjs aspjbcjs.

 

Bj eagfr ejoarj ca njiar hraoa j bjs parsfojs jlras`vjs as s`aocf jsartvfs.  Ca astj ast j ejoarj, ofs saoraefs k`ao pfrqua of astjraefs suiuek`aocf j bjs pai`foas ca ftrjs parsfojs y raspatjraefs ouastrfs carainfs. Cab e`sef efcf, pfcaefs cagjr ca utb`zjr ab astbf ca ifeuo`iji`ùo jlras`vf s`aocf jsartvfs.  Jbluojs àio`ijs jsartvjs  ub`zjcjs ao ab aotraoje`aotf ca njk`b`cjcas njk` b`cjcas

sfi`jbas sfo bjs s`lu`aotas7 C`sif rjyjcf. [apar uoj y ftrj vaz ouastrfs casafs. Y` bj parsfoj of pjrj ca praluotjrofs j var s` ba pfcaefs njiar ab asquaej ba c`raefs qua of njstj qua bf aoaocj. Kjoif ca o`akbj.  [aspfocar j bj ejo`pubji`ùo ca ftrjs parsfojs jiaptjocf su pjrta ca varcjc. ]fr agaepbf, ao bj s`tuji`ùo casir`tj uoj raspuastj ao bj qua sa ub`ia astj tàio`ij pfcråj sar ‒puaca qua taoljs rjzùo y qua of taoljs aepf ca njiarbf, parf yf taolf qua njiar e`s tjrajs―. Ifeprfe`sf.  Ifos`sta ao fhraiar j bj ftrj parsfoj uo trjtf. ]fr agaepbf, ao asta ijsf pfcråjefs jiaptjr njiar ab asquaej, parf p`c`aocf j ijek`f qua àb sa fiupjrj ca jbluoj ca ouastrjs tjrajs. Njy qua taoar iu`cjcf y of pfoar ouastrfs prfp`fs carainfs ao gualf. •

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IFEQO@IJI@ÙO ]JY@XJ

Bj  ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vj  bj pfsaao parsfojs qua suabao sar `oijpjias ca axprasjr sus paosje`aotfs f puotfs ca v`stj pfr e`acf jb aohraotje`aotf pfr pjrta ca bfs caeês. Ofrejbeaota, of sa ifos`carjo jptfs pjrj prfpfri`fojr gu`i`fs u fp`o`foas. As uoj hfrej euy `oah`ijz y cas jcjptjt`vj ca ifeuo`ijrsa, yj qua bj parsfoj of bflrj `caot`h`ijr o` sjt`shjiar sus prfp`js oaias`cjcas. J vaias, sa eazibj jblf ca jlras`ùo ao bj ifocuitj pjs`vj, cjocf buljr j uo ast`bf ca ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vf-jlras`vf. Jbluofs ca bjs saújbas ca bjs parsfojs qua sa ifeuo`ijo pjs`vjeaota sfo of ifeuo`ijr bf qua sa qu`ara, of cahaocarsa s` sa as `osubtjcf, of astjkbaiar ifotjitf v`sujb, baolujga of varkjb iarrjcf f `ocai`s`ùo.

 

Ijrjitaråst`ijs •

Baolujga of varkjb ejotao`aocf uo parh`b kjgf

Jquabbf qua sa c`ia of ifkrj uo s`lo`h`ijcf jtaoc`aocf sfbf j bjs hrjsas y j bjs  pjbjkrjs ut`b`zjcjs, s`of qua tjek`ào njy qua ao iuaotj sa c`ia. P, eês ifoiratjeaota, ab baolujga of varkjb quataoar jifepjúj jb iùef eaosjga trjose`t`cf varkjbeaota. Ao ab ijsf ca bj ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vj, pr`ej uo ast`bf ca ifeuo`iji`ùo of varkjb sue`s`ùo7 av`tji`ùo ca bj e`rjcj e` rjcj cab ati. ftrf f e`rjcj kjgj, tfof ca vfz qua jblfaxprasj eês kjgf qua ab cab ftrf, pfsturj cahaos`vj,

 

Qsf hraiuaota ca uoj parspait`vj `eparsfojb

Njy i`artjs fp`o`foas y puotfs ca v`stj qua bjs  parsfojs qua jcfptjo bj ifeuo`iji`ùo ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vj så axprasjo, parf s` iraao qua sfo b`larjeaota  prfkbaeêt`ijs pfr `epb`ijr ifsjs ifsjs qua supfoao efbast`js pjrj ab fyaota, as hraiuaota qua usao uo tfof `eparsfojb ao vaz ca uof ao pr`earj parsfoj.

]fr agaepbf, pjrj pac`r qua sa rapjra jbl÷o casparhaitf ca bj fh`i`oj, of sa njkbjrê cab pargu`i`f qua supfoa pjrj uof e`sef ab nainf ca qua asj jvaråj ax`stj, s`of qua bj prasaotji`ùo cab prfkbaej sarê eês k`ao cab ast`bf ‒saråj kuaof qua bj jvaråj huasa rapjrjcj―. As uo usf cab pjs`vf qua sa ifrraspfoca ifo ab ifoiaptf ca ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vj.

av`tji`ùo ca bj ifohrfotji`ùo c`raitj y usf ca auhae`sefs

Ftrj ca bjs ijrjitaråst`ijs tåp`ijs ca bj ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vj as qua of sa euastrj c`raitjeaota qua njy uo infqua ca `cajs f ca `otarasas. Ao vaz ca asf, ao ab ijsf ca qua ahait`vjeaota njyj uosacasjgusta ca axprasj ca fp`o`foas f oaias`cjcas, uoj ejoarj prataoc`cjeaota oautrjb,

ifef s` tfcjs bjs pjrtas `ovfbuirjcjs ao bj ifovarsji`ùo kusijsao ao rajb`cjc uoj sfbui`ùo kaoah`i`fsj tfcfs, iujocf asf rajbeaotapjrj of as jså. `oibusf

 

AX@SJI@ÙO CA BJ A^][AY@ÙO CA YAOS@E@AOSFY •

Bjs parsfojs qua sa jgustjo jb pjtrùo tåp`if ca ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vj t`aocao j of njkbjr ca sus saot`e`aotfs ifef s` abbfs hfrejsao  pjrta ca bj jrlueaotji`ùo qua raspjbca sus jh`reji`foas, iujocf astfs sfo rabavjotas`oibusf pjrj ab taej trjtjcf. Ao astfs ijsfs, uoj vaz eês, sa ut`b`zj uo t`pf ca ejoarj e joarj ca njkbjr ca t`pf `eparsfojb.

 

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Juoqua puaca pjraiar qua bj ifeuo`iji`ùo pjs`vj s`rva pjrj av`tjr ifohb`itfs, ao rajb`cjc astf of as jså, pfrqua s`o jsart`v`cjc `aepra njy uoj pjrta qua quacj parguc`ijcj, e`aotrjs qua njy ftrj qua sa jifstuekrj j njiar qua sus `otarasas pr`eao. ]fr asf earaia bj paoj sjb`r cab ast`bf ca ifeuo`iji`ùo  pjs`vf. ]jrj ifosalu`rbf, as kuaof salu`r bfs s`lu`aotas s`lu`aotas ifosagfs.

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Av`tjr c`siubpjrsa `ooaiasjr`jeaota.

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Ifepjrjr bj `epfrtjoi`j ca bjs prfp`js oaias`cjcas y bjs ca bfs caeês.

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Kusijr ifotaxtfs ao bfs qua njkbjr ca bfs prfp`fs saot`e`aotfs as fkgat`vjeaota ÷t`b. Aoifotrjr hùreubjs pjrj aepazjr j ut`b`zjr bj jsart`v`cjc ao bjs rabji`foas.