La Apologia de Socrates

 

HE ETKHKOBE F@ ^KNZEV@^  

Vrejegk m`nmk pkr7 Zkfrbok Nerrelze

  Nursk7 abhkskaãe y âtbne âtbne Bltrkfunnbþl7

@l `st` `lseyk t`lok he blt`lnbþl f` elehbzer e ulk f` hks abhþskaks cås bcpkrtelt`s f` he eltboue Or`nbe y f` he mbstkrbe. @st` mkcjr`, ^þnret`s, tuvk blluc`rejh`s r`ah`xbkl`s skjr` `h sej`r, `h nklknbcb`ltk y he bolkrelnbe f` `stes r`ah`xbkl`s len` su aeckse ares`7 ¨^khk sâ qu` lefe sâ¨. ^þnret`s skst`lãe qu` he fbsnusbþl `re sup`rbkr e he `snrbture pkr `st` cktbvk âh t`lbe he nkstucjr` f` bln`ltbver `h f`jet` `l huoer`s p÷jhbnks, âh skhãe r`spklf`rh`s nkl ktre pr`oulte, esã s` h` fbk krbo`l e su câtkfk hhecefk ceyâutbne, nkl `st` câtkfk jusneje hkorer qu` hks fbehkoefkr`s f`snujrel he v`rfef e pertbr f` `hhks cbscks, `ste cel`re f` bcpertbr `h nklknbcb`ltk mbzk qu` ^þnret`s oel` cunmks `l`cboks, qub`l`s hk f`lulnberãel y pkst`rbkrc`lt` s`rbe hh`vefk e gubnbk.

 

Kjerrbk (:45=) eabrce qu` su fbsnãpuhk, Thetþl, `snrbjbþ he epkhkoãe f` ^þnret`s, fklf` s` fe cu`stre teltk f` hk blgustk f` hes enusenbkl`s nkck f` he s`r`le entbtuf f` ^þnret`s elt` he blguste nklf`le y `h bl`vbtejh` f`s`lhen` F`serrkhhk7

Eh h``r He epkhkoãe f` ^þnret`s, `lnkltrecks ule f`celfe `l he qu` ^þnret`s au` enusefk f` lk r`nklkn`r e hks fbks`s y nkrrkcp`r e hks gþv`l`s nkl sus `ls`õelzes9 he h`nture blnhuy` he f`a`lse f` ^þnret`s `l he nkrt`, `lnkltrecks ule f`a`lse nklstelt` f` su abhkskaãe. ^þnret`s sb`cpr` s` nklsbf`rþ sejbk  pkrqu` s`ltãe sup`rbkrbfef ckreh f`jbfk `h cbsck r`nklknãe su bolkrelnbe y pere âh `sk `re he sup`rbkrbfef blt`h`ntueh. ^þnret`s blbnbe fbnb`lfk qu` bolkre he bcpr`sbþl qu` mejrå neusefk hes pehejres f` sus enusefkr`s, p`rk, tkfk hk fbnmk pkr `hhks s` eh`ge f` he r`ehbfef, ye qu` s`o÷l ^þnret`s hes prbc`res enusenbkl`s s` tretejel f` ule v`loelze nkltre âh f`jbfk e qu` tb`cpk etrås âh âh mejãe `stefk jusnelfk e hks mkcjr`s mkcjr`s cås sejbks, esã qu` ^þnret`s vbsbtk hes neses f` equ`hhks qu` t`lãel he aece f` s`r sejbks p`rk f`spuâs f` vbsbter nefe ule , lk hh`ok e `lnkltrer e ehoub`l qu` s`e cås sejbk qu` âh, pkr `st` cktbvk cunmks f` `hhks `cp`zerkl blv`lter mbstkrbes skjr` ^þnret`s, ktrk erouc`ltk qu` fbk ^þnret`s `re qu` nuelfk h`s pr`oulteje qu` `re hk qu`

 

`ls`õeje pere nkrrkcp`r e hks gþv`l`s , `hhks lk h` fejel ule r`spu`ste. Hes enusenbkl`s cås r`nb`lt`s au`rkl m`nmes pkr C`hbtk, qub`l hk enuseje f` lk nr``r `l hks fbks`s f`h `stefk y f` nr``r `l f`cklbks (equã s` epr`nbe ule nhere nkltrefbnnbþl). ^þnret`s f`nbf` blt`rrkoer e C`hbtk pere qu` `st` s` nkltrefboe f`helt` f` hks gu`n`s, y esã sun`fbþ ye qu` C`hbtk fbgk qu` ^þnret`s lk nrãe `l fbks`s, p`rk sb `l hks f`cklbks qu` `rel s`cbfbks`s. F`spuâs f` `stk, ^þnret`s s` pr`oulte esã cbsck skjr` sb tb`l` eho÷l r`ckrfbcb`ltk, `l mej`rt` nklseorefk e ul `stufbk qu` hk  pkl` `l `stks ckc`ltks e ul p`hbork f` cu`rt`, e hk qu` `h `h r`spklf` qu` sb f`spuâs f` mej`r errb`soefk su vbfe `l he ou`rre, emkre qu` Fbks h` me p`fbfk qu` pes` sus fães `stufbålfks` e sã cbsck y `stufbelfk e hks f`cås, sb âh ejelfkles` `h pu`stk pkr  cb`fk e he cu`rt` k nuehqub`r ktrk p`hbork, v`rfef`rec`lt` `stk s`rãe ule f`s`rnbþl nrbcbleh, y s` merãe enr``fkr e qu` s` h` nbtere `l `h trbjuleh nkck ul blmucelk, qu` lk nr`` `l fbks, qu` f`skj`f`n` eh krånuhk, qu` t`c` e he cu`rt`, qu` s` nr`` sejbk y lk hk `s. ^þnret`s nkltbl÷e f`a`lfbâlfks` fbnb`lfk qu` su kabnbk lk blnhuy` peoe pkr hk qu` âh lk pkfãe s`r selnbklefk pkr nkjrer, âh f`nãe qu` he o`lt` s` en`rneje e âh pere `snunmer su

 

nklv`rsenbkl`s, pkst`rbkrc`lt` hks 001 gu`n`s `cbtb`rkl su vktk `l fklf` :=5 vkterkl `l nkltre f` ^þnret`s y :?0 e aevkr. ^þnret`s brklbzk `h r`suhtefk eh f`nbr qu` `sp`reje r`nbjbr cås vktks `l nkltre, y qu` nkck nestbok s` c`r`nãe `h s`r ehbc`ltefk `l `h Trbtel`k, `st` `re ul pr`cbk `xnhusbvk pere hks oelefkr`s f` hes nkrrbfes f` nejehhks y f` nerrks `l hks gu`oks khãcpbnks. ^þnret`s `snko` nkck selnbþl peoer ule cuhte, p`rk âh eh lk t`l`r  fbl`rk `s s`lt`lnbefk e cu`rt`. ^`o÷l Hþp`z (:451) `s ehhã fklf` ^þnret`s `veh÷e s`r`lec`lt` he cu`rt`, ` blnhusk s` nkloretuhe  pkr su efv`lbcb`ltk (ye qu` pkfrå abhkskaer `l `h Mef`s `l fbåhkok nkl orelf`s orb`oks) y s` p`rcbt` he brklãe euourbk ableh f` blt`rrkoers` en`rne f` sb `l hes nbrnulstelnbes f`h nesk tb`l` c`gkr f`stblk qub`l ve e he cu`rt` (âh) k qub`l`s sbou`l vbvb`lfk (v`rfef`rks ‘nklf`lefks e s`oubr vbvb`lfk–).

Nklnhusbþl7 ^þnret`s au` ul mkcjr` qu` s` celtuvk ab`h `l sus bf`eh`s meste `h ÷htbck f` sus fães, blnhusk furelt` su gubnbk s`õehk7 ¨Rk lk t`c`râ lb mubrâ lulne f` ceh`s qu` lk nklkznk y qu` skl qubzå v`rfef`rks jb`l`s9 p`rk t`c`râ y mubrâ sb`cpr` f` ceh`s qu` sâ nkl n`rt`ze qu` skl v`rfef`rks ceh`s¨

 

 ^þnret`s f`gk ule mu`hhe `l `h culfk, `s r`nkrfefk pkr su câtkfk, nklknbfk nkck he ceyâutbne, `l fklf` menbe pr`oultes meste blvehbfer he mbpþt`sbs blbnbeh. Z`a`r`lnbes7

Hþp`z Q`hesnk, ^brbk (:451). LKVE^ M@ZÂVBNE^ ^KJZ@ HÞOBNE R ^KAÃ^VBNE @C HE ‘ETKHKOÃE F@ ^ÞNZEV@^. Euaihærulo. Z`vbste f` Abhkskabe, > (:), 5?0-5=4. B^^L7 :>0=-=6?4. Fbspklbjh` `l7 mttps7//www.r`fehyn.kro/ertbnuhk.ke;bf3 mttps7//www.r`fehyn .kro/ertbnuhk.ke;bf36?50/6?5000: 6?50/6?5000:>:45: >:45: KJEZZBK, G. E. (:45=). Pl `stufbk skjr` he Eltboø`fef7 he epkhkoãe f` ^þnret`s.  Z`vbste blt`rlenbkleh f` F`r`nmk Zkcelk, 115-112. Z`nup`refk f`

mttp7//www.rbfrkc.unhc.`s/ ^þnret`s (5.e `f., Qkh. 5). Cefrbf, @speõe7 Tetrbnbk f` Thetþl. (5=?5). He epkhkoãe f` ^þnret`s

Eznåret`.