Kriminalisasi Perempuan Dan LGBT
September 22, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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A^KCKHOIKWOWK CL^O[OP Plcltooh \hfohm-uhfohm Hoskbhoi slrto Plroturoh Folrod fk Khfbhlsko yohm Cliohmmor Doa Ososk Plrlcpuoh foh Alibcpba IMNVK_
Plhuiks: Hursyodnohk Aotjosuhmaoho foh Wosako L. ]klrkhmo Plhyuhtkhm: Mrogl Pbbrl
Wltkop dork fk sliurud fuhko, doa ososk slrto cortonot alibcpba IMNVK_ fkrlhfodaoh slflckakoh rupo sldkhmmo clhmmuhgohm dotk hurohk. Aksod plrjuohmoh slrto plrtodohoh clrlao sohmot clhglhmohmaoh, hocuh tltop sojo toa fkalhoik ‖otou slhmojo fkogudaoh‖bild clrlao yohm clckikak alauosooh uhtua clcnuot plrunodoh. But^kmdt Ogtkbh Khtlrhotkbhoi, fknlhtua pofo toduh ?;;0 slnomok Abcksk Khtlrhoskbhoi Doa Ososk Cohusko nomk Alibcpba Moy foh Ilsnkoh, nlalrjo soco flhmoh alibcpba IMNVK_ fk Nliodoh Wliotoh, flhmoh aohtbr fk lhoc hlmoro, clcnohtu clhmkflhtkaosk sbiusk yohm nlrebaus pofo cosyoroaot uhtua clhfbrbhm alnkjoaoh flck plrunodoh yohm iohmmlhm. Aock slgoro wospofo clcbhktbr slrto clhfbauclhtoskaoh pliohmmoroh doa ososk cohusko uhtua clckgu tkhfoaoh altkao doi tlrslnut tlrjofk. Aock cliotkd poro cktro uhtua clhmlaspbs pliohmmoroh slrto clhmofvbaosk fkrk clrlao. Nlrcoraos nlsor fk abto Hlw [bra, [bra, But^kmdt ofoiod sotu-sotuhyo sotu -sotuhyo brmohksosk mibnoi adusus IMNVK_ flhmoh aldofkroh plrcohlh fk coraos PNN fk Hlw [bra yohm clhmofvbaosk alcojuoh doa ososk cohusko nomk alibcpba IMNVK_.
dliib@But^kmdtKhtlrhotkbhoi.brm dttps:/ dttps: //www.eoglnbba.gbc/butrkm /www.eogln bba.gbc/butrkmdtkhti dtkhti dttp://twkttlr.gbc/butrkmdtk /twkt tlr.gbc/butrkmdtkhti hti dttp://www.ybutunl.gbc/imnt /www.ybutunl. gbc/imntducohrk ducohrkmdts mdts dttp://But^kmdtKhtlrhotkbhoi.brm/khfbhlsko-ilmoi-coppkhm-rlpbrt /But^kmdtKhtlrhotkbhoi.brm/khfbhlsko-ilmoi-coppkhm-rlpbrt
But^kmdt Ogtkbh Khtlrhotkbhoi 40 Cokflh Iohl, Wuktl ?) 670.50?>) 670.5050
Aoryo khk fopot fkrlprbfuask foh fklforaoh uiohm noka sliurudhyo otou slnomkoh, tohpo plrunodoh foh tohpo kzkh tlrtuiks slnliuchyo, slcoto-coto uhtua tujuoh ofckhkstrotke hbhprbt otou tujuoh plhfkfkaoh osoiaoh sliurud soikhoh clcuot plrhyotooh nlrkaut:
© >0?5 But^kmdt Ogtkbh Khtlrhotkbhoi. Aoryo khk fkplrnohyoa foh fkfkstrknuskaoh otos slkzkh But^kmdt Ogtkbh Khtlrhotkbhoi. Plhmmuhooh sliokh slnomokcoho yohm fkcoasuf tkfoa fkplrnbildaoh tohpo ofohyo kzkh tlrtuiks fork But^kmdt Ogtkbh Khtlrhotkbhoi. \htua plrcbdbhoh kzkh, dunuhmk dliib@But^kmdt dliib@But^kmdtKhtlrhotkbhoi.brm. Khtlrhotkbhoi.brm.
A^KCKHOIKWOWK CL^O[OP
Plcltooh \hfohm-uhfohm Hoskbhoi slrto Plroturoh Folrod fk Khfbhlsko yohm Cliohmmor Doa Ososk Plrlcpuoh foh Alibcpba IMNVK_
Plhuiks: Hursyodnohk Aotjosuhmaoho foh Wosako L. ]klrkhmo Plhyuhtkhm: Mrogl Pbbrl
Foetor Ksk \gopoh Vlrkco Aoskd
0?
^khmaosoh Laslautke
0>
Foetor Aoto & Wkhmaotoh
04
Plhfoduiuoh
??
Cltbfbibmk
?7
Abhtlas Hlmoro
?5
Kadtksor Doa Ososk Cohusko Doa Ososk Cohusko foh Khfbhlsko Doa Ososk Cohusko foh Ksioc Alromocoh Mlhflr fk Khfbhlsko foh Ochlsko Posgo Abibhkoi
>0 >0 >> >7
Duauc Khtlrhoskbhoi
>4
\hfohm-uhfohm Hoskbhoi
7?
Plroturoh Folrod Kadtksor Kadtksor Plroturoh folrod Folrod Kstkclwo Ogld Aoikcohtoh Vkcur FAK Joaorto Iocpuhm Wucotlro \toro Wuiowlsk Wliotoh
66 66 64 64 0?5, tlropk abhvlrsk fkohjuraoh
foioc plroturoh folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh.
slgoro iuos uhtua ’clrldonkiktosk– alibcpba
Plhoeskroh-plhoeskroh omoco Ksioc nlrnosks
dbcbslas, clhmlsocpkhmaoh nuatk-nuatk
doa ososk cohusko tkfoa fkdkrouaoh.
kickod nodwo tlropk slcogoc ktu tkfoa nlreuhmsk foh tliod tlrnuatk clrupoaoh
Poro plcnuot uhfohm-uhfohm fk folrod
slnuod proatka nlrnodoyo flhmoh
alrop aoik fkmlroaaoh bild pbiktka foh
abhslaulhsk johmao pohjohm.? Clhtlrk Wbskoi,
plrcokhoh ibaoi tlrdofop slhtkclh
Adbeod Khfor Porowohso, clcprbcbskaoh
omoco yohm fkohut poro plckikd uhtua
cltbfl Lcbtkbhoi, Wpkrktuoi _ubtklht (LW_) (LW_)
cliohmmlhmaoh alauosooh slrto pbsksk
omor alibcpba IMNVK_ fopot alcnoik
clrlao. Foioc tuiksoh clhmlhok trofksk slrto
—hbrcoi‛.> Flsoaoh uhtua clhlropaoh tlropk
cbroiktos khk, nlrnomok plroturoh folrod tkfoa
abhvlrsk nlriohjut dkhmmo dork khk.
fkfosoraoh pofo oturoh duauc cliokhaoh pofo momosoh yohm socor, aurohm jlios otou
Pofo nuioh Corlt foh Oprki, foh nlruiohm
nodaoh yohm fkflhkskaoh slgoro tkfoa tlpot
pofo nuioh Omustus >0?5, slnuod uhfohm-
tlhtohm nufoyo, aldbrcotoh otou kflhtktos
uhfohm hoskbhoi ohtk-IMNVK_ fkojuaoh
hoskbhoi. Nodaoh ogop aoik tlrfopot puio
bild ohmmbto Flwoh fork portok-portok
plhgocpurofuaoh ohtoro plrnuotoh osuskio, plioguroh, plfbiko foh dbcbslasuoiktos.
abhslrvotke.7 Jkao uhfohm-uhfohm tlrslnut nlrdoski ibibs, Khfbhlsko oaoh nlrmonuhm nlrsoco hlmoro-hlmoro iokh fk fuhko yohm clhmohut duauc abibhkoi Khmmrks yohm
Lsaoiosk Wlhtkclh Ohtk-IMNV
clhmarkckhoiksosk dunuhmoh slas sljlhks. Fk tlhmod aocpohyl nlrskeot dbcbebnko, slnuod survlk fkioauaoh flhmoh doski nodwo
Altkao plhliktkoh uhtua iopbroh khk tlhmod
alibcpba IMNV clrupoaoh alibcpba
nlriohmsuhm, nlnlropo plralcnohmoh yohm
poikhm tkfoa fkslhohmk fk Khfbhlsko, nodaoh
clhmmliksodaoh tlrjofk, yohm nlrfocpoa
ilnkd fknlhgk forkpofo abcuhks.6
tlrdofop doa wormo IMNVK_ fk Khfbhlsko: hlmlrk khk fkiohfo aocpohyl clfko yohm
Wlnuod pltksk jumo tliod fkojuaoh bild
tojoc, yohm clhglcoraoh alibcpba slrto
Oikohsk Gkhto Aliuormo alpofo Codaocod
poro khsoh IMNVK_, slrto sljuciod portok
Abhstktusk uhtua clioauaoh plhkhjouoh
pbiktka hoskbhoi clcnodos plruhfohm-
alcnoik nlnlropo posoi foioc A\DP, A\DP, yohm,
uhfohmoh ohtk-IMNV fk Porilclh. Ikdot
oponkio fksltujuk bild Codaocod, oaoh
Iocpkroh K foh KK iopbroh khk.
clhmoaknotaoh plrkioau slas slrto sltkop almkotoh slas abhslhsuoi (otos fosor soikhm
Wlcoso almlcporoh hoskbhoi tlrdofop
suao) brohm flwoso fk iuor plraowkhoh yohm
alibcpba IMNVK_ fk nuioh-nuioh plrtoco
sod fopot fkduauc. dttps://c.tlcpb.gb.rlof/hlw/>0?5/0>/>4/?=7=6;00;/clhtlrk-adbeod-imn /c.tlcpb.gb. rlof/hlw/>0?5/0>/>4/?=7=6;00;/clhtlrk-adbeod-imn t-nkso-slc t-nkso-slcnud nud 7 dttp: dttp:/ //www.tdlj oaortopbs t.gbc/hlws/>0?5/06/?0?5/0 6/?0?5/07/00?5 /07/00?5/ ws/>0?5/04/07/ 04/07/moy-slx-coy-nl-butiow moy-slx-coy-nl-butiowlf.dtci lf.dtci 6 dttp://www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hlw /www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hlws/>0?5/04 s/>0?5/04/0?/imnt-gbccuhkty-cbst-fksika /0?/imnt-gbccuhkty-cbst-fksikalf-ny-khfbhlskoh-cusikcs-survly lf-ny-khfbhlskoh-cusikcs-survly.dtci .dtci < dttp:/ dttp://www.tdlj /www.tdlj oaortopbs t.gbc/hlws/>0?5/04/07/moy-slx-coy t.gbc/hlws/>0?5/0 4/07/moy-slx-coy -nl-but iowlf.dtci
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
^ k h m a o s o h L a s l a u t k e
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A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
^ k h m a o s o h L a s l a u t k e
IMNVK_, hocuh sliurud cosyoroaot
folrod, plroturoh folrod yohm rlilvoh
Khfbhlsko oaoh tlralho focpoahyo aorlho
plriu fkohoiksks clhmmuhoaoh alrohmao
doa otos plrikhfuhmoh fkrk prknofk slrto
doa plrlcpuoh, doa IMNVK_ slrto doa
doa hbh-fksarkckhosk oaoh tlrohgoc.
ososk cohusko. Plroturoh tlrslnut plriu
Pofo soot clhylilsokaoh iopbroh khk, skaop
fkslsuokaoh flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm
Codaocod coskd nliuc jlios. Poro plcbdbh
foh stohforf yohm nlrioau noka hoskbhoi
pltksk nlrormuclh nodwo dbcbslasuoiktos
coupuh khtlrhoskbhoi.
—clhuior‛ foh clrlao clhmdlhfoak Khfbhlsko clckikak hbrco slrto rlmuiosk yohm ilnkd
Pofo totoroh hoskbhoi:
jlios uhtua —clhltopaoh nodwo norohm skopo
•
Plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko dorus clhjockh
clioauaoh slas nlnos nlrortk clioauaoh
nodwo \hfohm-uhfohm Fosor, uhfohm-
plrzkhooh.‛‛ Clrlao clckhto Codaocod uhtua plrzkhooh.
uhfohm slrto alnkjoaoh hoskbhoi tkfoa
clhmunod kstkiod —flwoso‛ foh —fk nowod
clhfksarkckhosk, sljoioh flhmoh
ucur‛ pofo Posoi >;> clhjofk —norohm skopo‛,
alwojknoh Khfbhlsko fk aohgod
yohm oaoh clhmarkckhoiksosk dunuhmoh
khtlrhoskbhoi, slrto abhskstlh sotu
slas sljlhks yohm fkioauaoh brohm flwoso
flhmoh yohm iokh. Altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh
slgoro abhslhsuoi. Poro plcbdbh pltksk jumo
fksarkckhotke foioc uhfohm-uhfohm
clhmdlhfoak plcnotoioh Posoi >46 clhmlhok plrzkhooh ohtoro clrlao yohm sufod aowkh
hoskbhoi (cksoihyo \\ Ohtk Pbrhbmro), yohm cliohmmor doa fosor yohm tlrcoatun
slrto Posoi >4< clhmlhok plrabsooh, slnomok
foioc Abhstktusk, dorusiod fkocohflclh
slnuod upoyo uhtua clhmohmmop sltkop
otou fkdopus. Poro plcnuot uhfohm-
dunuhmoh slas ohtoro brohm-brohm yohm
uhfohm tkfoa fknlhoraoh uhtua
tkfoa clhkaod clhjofk suotu aljodotoh slrto
clrohgohm uhfohm-uhfohm yohm
plrabsooh oaoh clikputk alalrosoh slasuoi
cliohmmor doa yohm tliod fkjockh foioc
tlrdofop plrlcpuoh foh ioak-ioak.5 Jkao
Abhstktusk.
Codaocod Abhstktusk clhyltujuk, nohyoa plroturoh folrod fksarkckhotke yohm fknodos
•
Plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko dorus
foioc iopbroh khk slrto-clrto oaoh sljoioh
clhmmuhoaoh alauosoohhyo uhtua
flhmoh A\DP.
clhgonut plroturoh folrod yohm cliohmmor doa ososk cohusko wormo hlmoro Khfbhlsko slplrtk yohm tlrcoatun
^labclhfosk Clhgoaup:
foioc Abhstktusk slrto uhfohm-uhfohm
Pofo totoroh folrod:
fkcoasuf dorusiod sljoioh flhmoh \\
•
hoskbhoi, tlrcosua fk foiochyo doa alibcpba IMNVK_. Plhgonutoh yohm
Plhkhmaotoh aoposktos slrto alcocpuoh
Btbhbck Folrod slrto cohfot tlhtohm
tlahks poro plcnuot uhfohm-uhfohm
dklrorak plruhfohm-uhfohmoh.
uhtua clrohgohm uhfohm-uhfohm yohm abcprldlhske, yohm clhjuhjuhm tkhmmk
•
Plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko dorus clhmofbpsk
doa ososk cohusko, doa plrlcpuoh foh
iohmaod-iohmaod yohm fkplriuaoh
doa alibcpba IMNVK_. Fk coskhm-coskhm
uhtua clhglmod, clhmurohmk slrto
5 dttp://www.tdljo dttp://www.tdljo aortopbst .gbc/hlws/>0?5/04/07/moy.gbc/hlws/>0?5/04/07/moy-slx-coyslx-coy- nl-butiowlf.dtci nl-buti owlf.dtci
=
clhmdopusaoh abhfksk slrto skaop yohm
Abcksk Vkhmmk PNN uhtua Doa Ososk
clhylnonaoh otou cliohmmlhmaoh
Cohusko clhmlhok uhfohm-uhfohm foh
fksarkckhosk tlrdofop abcuhktos
proatka-proatka fksarkckhotke tlrdofop
plrlcpuoh slrto IMNVK_. Khk tlrcosua
alibcpba slrto khfkvkfu foioc rohod
clhlropaoh prkhskp alsltorooh foh hbh-
mlhflr foh brklhtosk slasuoi.
fksarkckhosk foioc plrjohjkoh-plrjohjkoh khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm doa ososk cohusko
•
Alibcpba IMNVK_ dorus clhmocnki
yohm foioc doi khk Khfbhlsko clhjofk soiod
pliuohm uhtua clcprlslhtoskaoh abhfksk
sotu ohmmbtohyo‖ohtoro iokh GLFO]
cosyoroaot IMNVK_ fk Khfbhlsko pofo
(Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl Likckhotkbh be Oii
pbsksk yohm noru fknlhtua yoahk Poaor
Ebrcs be Fksgrkckhotkbh Omokhst ]bclh1
Khflplhflh PNN uhtua Brklhtosk Wlasuoi
Abhvlhsk Plhmdopusoh Wlmoio Nlhtua
foh Kflhtktos Mlhflr.
Fksarkckhosk Vlrdofop ]ohkto), KGGP^ (Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbvlhoht bh Gkvki ohf
•
Alibcpba IMNVK_ dorus nlrportkskposk
Pbiktkgoi ^kmdts1 Abvlhoh Khtlrhoskbhoi
slgoro oatke foioc prbsls-prbsls fk PNN
tlhtohm Doa Wkpki foh Pbiktka), foh G^G
(Vkhjouoh Plrkbfka \hkvlrsoi, Vkhjouoh
(Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl ^kmdts be tdl Gdkif1
Nofoh Plrjohjkoh) uhtua clhybrbtk
Abhvlhsk tlhtohm Doa Ohoa). Doi khk tlrcosua puio clhmkcpilclhtoskaoh
urusoh-urusoh yohm nlrfocpoa pofo abcuhktos IMNVK_. Alibcpba doa ososk
Prkhskp [bmyoaorto uhtua clcnlrohtos
cohusko iokh, tlrcosua alibcpba plcnlio
fksarkckhosk tlrdofop IMNVK_.
doa plrlcpuoh foh doa ohoa dorusiod clhmucohfohmaoh suoro alibcpba
•
Alibcpba-alibcpba Alibcpba -alibcpba cosyoroaot skpki
IMNVK_ foioc wofod khtlrhoskbhoi khk‖
dorusiod clcproaorsok flnot tlhtohm
rlabclhfosk clrlao alpofo PNN dorusiod
doa ososk cohusko, doa IMNVK_ slrto
clhyliurud uhtua clcplrnokak abhfksk
doa plrlcpuoh sldunuhmoh flhmoh
sliurud alibcpba cormkhoi, tlrcosua fk
alromocoh nufoyo foh omoco fk
foiochyo IMNVK_.
Khfbhlsko. Pofo totoroh khtlrhoskbhoi: •
Khfbhlsko tliod clrotkaosk slaurohm-
aurohmhyo lhoc plrjohjkoh khtlrhoskbhoi clhmlhok doa ososk cohusko fk nowod PNN. Khfbhlsko dorusiod clhlrkco Alskcpuioh Bnslrvosk (Gbhgiufkhm Bnslrvotkbh) bild nofoh-nofoh Plrjohjkoh
slrto clhmocnki iohmaod-iohmaod uhtua clioasohoaoh ^labclhfosk, tlrcosua yohm nlralhooh flhmoh mlhflr foh brklhtosk slas, yoahk, cosoiod IMNVK_. •
Khfbhlsko dorus clioasohoaoh Alskcpuioh foh ^labclhfosk Iopbroh
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
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Foetor Aoto & Wkhmaotoh
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
F o e t o r A o t o f o h
W k h m a o t o h
Ofot
alnkosooh ibaoi
Ocod
slnuod nlhtua adusus knofod foioc omoco Ksioc
OCC
Ogld Cbhktbrkhm Cksskbh1 Cksk Cksk Cbhktbrkhm Ogld
OCH
Ogld Cbhktbrkhm Hltwbra1 Hltwbra1 Jorkhmoh Cbhktbrkhm Ogld Ogld
Oqkfod
Oturoh-oturoh nlriohfosaoh qkd, nlralhooh flhmoh proatka-proatka yohm fkocoiaoh Honk
Orus Pliohmk
slnuod osbskosk IMNVK_ hoskbhoi fk Khfbhlsko Khfbhlsko
Ourot
nomkoh tunud yohm dorus fktutupk fk flpoh ucuc clhurut ojoroh Ksioc (nlrnlfo uhtua ioak-ioak foh plrlcpuoh) p lrlcpuoh)
Nohgk Nlkjkhm PEO
brohm flhmoh trohsmlhflr Piotebrc ebr Ogtkbh1 Iohfosoh uhtua Nlrtkhfoa
GOV
Gbhvlhtkbh Omokhst Vbrturl1 Abhvlhsk Clhlhtohm Plhykasooh
GLFO] GLFO ]
Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl Likckhotkbh be Oii Ebrcs be Fksgrkckhotkbh Omokhst ]bclh1 Abhvlhsk Plhmdopusoh Wlmoio Nlhtua Fksarkckhosk Vlrdofop Vlrdofop Plrlcpuoh
G^G
Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl ^kmdts be tdl Gdkif1 Abhvlhsk Clhmlhok Doa Ohoa
Fohmfut
slnuod oikroh cuska rbcohtks pbpuilr
Eotwo
alputusoh otou soroh nomk ucot Ksioc, iozkchyo fktlrnktaoh bild C\K topk tkfoa clhmkaot slgoro duauc
EMF
Ebgus Mrbup Fksgusskbh1 Fksausk Alibcpba Vlrpofu
Ekqkd
yurkspruflhsk foioc Ksioc
EJK
Erbht Jkdof Ksioc
EPK
Erbht Plcnlio Ksioc
EVC
Elcoil Vb Coil 1 fork Plrlcpuoh clhjofk Ioak-ioak
E\K
Ebruc \cot Ksioc
MOC
Mlroaoh Ogld Clrflao
Mlcnioa
rlcojo ioak-ioak yohm elckhkh yohm clrupoaoh plcnohtu nomk poro worba
MBK
Mbvlrhclht be Khfbhlsko1 Plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko
Doioi
fknbildaoh foioc Ksioc (gbhtbdhyo (gbhtbdhyo coaohoh)
Doroc
fkiorohm foioc Ksioc
Dkjon
nusoho uhtua plrlcpuoh Cusikc, fkcoasufaoh uhtua clhutupk ourot clrlao
DKU/OKF DKU /OKFW W
Ducoh Kccuhbflgklhgy Ukrus/ Ukrus/Ogqukrlf Ogqukrlf Kccuhl Flgklhgy Wyhfrbcl
DVK D^G
Dkznut Vodrkr Khfbhlsko Ducoh ^kmdts Gbcckttll1 Abcktl Doa Ososk Cohusko
Knofod
alwojknoh-alwojknoh alomocooh, slplrtk soiot (rktuoi wojkn) foh puoso
;
KGLWG^
Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbvlhoht bh Lgbhbckg, Wbgkoi ohf Guituroi ^kmdts1 Abvlhoh Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Doa Labhbck, Wbskoi foh Nufoyo
KGGP^
Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbvlhoht bh Gkvki ohf Pbiktkgoi ^kmdts1 Abvlhoh Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Doa Wkpki foh Pbiktka
KGPF
Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbhelrlhgl bh Pbpuiotkbh ohf Flvlibpclht1 Abhelrlhsk
KW
Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Alplhfufuaoh foh Plcnohmuhoh Ksiockg Wtotl1 Hlmoro Ksioc
Jkinon
plhutup alpoio uhtua plrlcpuoh Cusikc
Jkh
coadiua yohm tkfoa aosot coto
Jkhoyod
duauc pkfoho foioc Ksioc
Aonupotlh
folrod fk nowod alplckcpkhoh Nupotk
Alrufuhm
slilhfohm ibhmmor yohm fkmuhoaoh plrlcpuoh
Alsuskiooh
cbroiktos ucuc
Adoiwot
tkhmaod ioau ocbroi
Adocor
ckhucoh nlroiabdbi
ADK
Abcpkiosk Duauc Ksioc
Abchos DOC
Abcksk Hoskbhoi Doa Ososk Cohusko
Abchos Plrlcpuoh
Abcksk Hoskbhoi ohtk Alalrosoh tlrdofop Plrlcpuoh
APK
Abcksk Plhykoroh Khfbhlsko
A\DOP
Akton \hfohm-\hfohm Duauc Ogoro Pkfoho
A\DP
Akton \hfohm-\hfohm Duauc Pkfoho
IND
Ilcnomo Nohtuoh Duauc
IMNVK_
Ilsnkoh, Moy, Moy, Nkslxuoi, Vrohsmlhflr, Vrohsmlhflr, Khtlrslx, _ullr
Ikwotd
sbfbck
Iufrua
slnuod nlhtua tlotlr roayot fork Jowo Vkcur
Codfod
slnuod nlhtua adusus knofod foioc omoco Ksioc
Codroc
(fknogo jumo cudrkc), aliuormo
Cokrki
pliojor ioak-ioak cufo fk plsohtrlh, yohm fkcoheootaoh uhtua alpuosoh slasuoi bild sotu otou ilnkd muru omocohyo
Cokskr
(tlrutoco) plrjufkoh
Coaskot
fbso (clrujua pofo fbso prknofk)
Clsuc
tkhmaod ioau ocbroi
Alclhtlrkoh
Plcnlrfoyooh Plrlcpuoh foh Plrikhfuhmoh Ohoa
PPPO Cb\
Clcbrohfuc be \hflrstohfkhm1 Hbto Alslpoaotoh
CP^
Cojliks Plrcusyoworotoh ^oayot
C\K
Cojliks \ioco Khfbhlsko
Cusodoqod
Dunuhmoh slas suao soco suao ohtorplrlcpuoh
H\
Hodfiotui \ioco
BKG PNH\
Brmohksotkbh be Ksiockg Gbbplrotkbh1 Brmohksosk Alrjosoco Ksioc Plhmurus Nlsor Hodfiotui \ioco
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
F o e t o r A o t o f o h W k h m a o t o h
?0
Plioguroh A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
F o e t o r A o t o f o h W k h m a o t o h
prbstktusk
Plrslhmmocooh plrsltunudoh1 gbktus1 dunuhmoh slas tkfoa iozkc clhykcpohm Plsohtrlh
slabiod Ksioc flhmoh osroco
PAN
Portok Alnohmaktoh Nohmso Hoskbhoi
PAK PAW
Portok Abcuhks Khfbhlsko Portok Alofkioh Wljodtlro
PBO
Prbmroccl be Ogtkbh1 Prbmroc Vkhfoaoh (nlrfosor Abhelrlhsk KGPF toduh ?;;6)
PP
Plroturoh Plclrkhtod
PP\\
Plroturoh Plruhfohm-uhfohmoh
Prlcoh
plhjodot
PWA
Plalrjo Wlas Abclrskoi
_ohuh
rlmuiosk foioc Ksioc
^O
^oflh Ojlhm1 mlior nohmsowoh nomk plrlcpuoh Jowo
Wohtrk
pliojor fk plsohtrlh
WM^G \K
Wuppbrt Mrbup ohf ^lsburgl Glhtrl bh Wlxuoikty Wtufkls \hkvlrsktos
Wdbiot
Khfbhlsko fk Joaorto rktuoi knofod wojkn ucot Ksioc
Wkdoq
clhmmlslaaoh nomkoh tunud (foioc dunuhmoh slas sljlhks ohtorplrlcpuoh)
Wkrrk
plrhkaodoh yohm sod slgoro omoco hocuh tkfoa fkfoetoraoh slgoro duauc
Wykor
clhylnoraoh ojoroh Ksioc alpofo adoioyoa ucuc
\FD^
\hkvlrsoi Flgiorotkbh be Ducoh ^kmdts1 Flaiorosk Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Doa Ososk Cohusko
\ioco
plcuao omoco
\HFP
\hktlf Hotkbhs Flvlibpclht Prbmroccl1 Prbmroc Plcnohmuhoh Plrslrkaotoh Nohmso-nohmso
\HEPO
\hktlf Hotkbhs Pbpuiotkbh Euhf1 Foho Plhfufua Plrslrkaotoh Nohmso-nohmso
\HFKP
\hkvlrsktos Fkpbhlmbrb (fk Wlcorohm)
\HKIO
\hkvlrsktos Iocpuhm
]orko
Vrohsmlhflr ioak-ioak clhjofk plrlcpuoh (CVE1 Coil tb Elcoil )
]orba
plhork prko flhmoh alauotoh mokn foioc trofksk rlbm fk fk Jowo Vkcur, poro plcnohtuhyo fkslnut mlcnioa , poro rlcojo ioak-ioak yohm alwohkto-wohktooh
]D
]kioyotui Dksnod1 Pbiksk Wyorkod fk Ogld
]VW
]ohkto Vuho Wuskio, wohkto tkfoa nlrcbroi
]oyohm
slnuod nlhtua tlotlr roayot fork Jowo
Zkho
plrsltunudoh fk iuor dunuhmoh plrhkaodoh
??
Plhfoduiuoh
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C
Iopbroh bild But^kmdt Ogtkbh Khtlrhotkbhoi khk,
l r o y o p
Arkckhoiksosk Clroyop: Plcltooh \hfohm-uhfohm Hoskbhoi slrto Plroturoh Folrod fk Khfbhlsko yohm Cliohmmor Doa Ososk Plrlcpuoh foh Alibcpba IMNVK_ clcltoaoh focpoa plroturoh fksarkckhotke tlrdofop doa alibcpba IMNVK_ foh plrlcpuoh fk Khfbhlsko.
Pofo fosorhyo, sliurud cohusko‖plrlcpuoh,
doa IMNVK_ fk Khfbhlsko. \\ Ohtk Pbrhbmro
ilsnkoh, moy, nkslas, trohsmlhflr foh khtlrslas
toduh >004 ofoiod uhfohm-uhfohm
‖sldorushyo nkso clhkacotk doa ososk
hoskbhoi plrtoco yohm clhmohfuhm nodoso
cohusko slgoro plhud tohpo fksarkckhosk.
fksarkckhotke yohm fktujuaoh adusus tlrdofop
Doa ososk yohm tkfoa fopot fkpksodaoh fork
dbcbslasuoiktos foh ilsnkohkscl. Nlnlropo
cohusko slrto prkhskp hbh-fksarkckhosk
uhfohm-uhfohm slplrtk \\ Alsldotoh slrto
tliod fkonofkaoh foioc nlmktu nohyoa
\\ Plraowkhoh slgoro adusus clhmohfuhm
khstruclh khtlrhoskbhoi, clhltopaoh ikhmaup
nomkoh-nomkoh fksarkckhotke tlrdofop
plhlropoh yohm ilnkd iuos. Prkhskp doa ososk
plrlcpuoh foh tkfoa clhmoauk alnutudoh
cohusko fk Khfbhlsko tlrtohoc fk totoroh
slrto doa alibcpba IMNVK_.= Woot khk tkfoa
hoskbhoi foioc \hfohm-uhfohm Fosor ?;6007, Wlxuoi Pbiktkgs ohf ^lprbfugtkvl ^kmdts kh Khfbhlsko,, foioc Plhmlcnohmoh, Wbgklty ebr Khtlrhotkbhoi Flvlibpclht Ubi 65, hb. >, 57 ‗ 5=. Khfbhlsko
P l h f o d u i u o h
?>
ospla aldkfupoh alibcpba IMNVK_.4 Orus A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
Pliohmk clhgotot nodwo plcodocoh potrkoraot yohm nkos tlrdofop nufoyo foh omoco, fkplrauot bild fksaursus yohm sohmot fkplhmorudk bild alibcpba rlikmkus abhslrvotke, clcplhmorudk plrohgohmoh foh abfkaosk uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi slrto plroturoh folrod yohm fksarkckhotke. Iopbroh toduhoh Abchos Plrlcpuoh turut puio clhuhjuaaoh nodwo alalrosoh tlrdofop
P l h f o d u i u o h
plrlcpuoh fk Khfbhlsko coakh clrlnoa foh plroturoh yohm ofo soot khk nlrplhmorud hlmotke tlrdofop doa plrlcpuoh.
Woot khk tkfoa ofo uhfohmuhfohm yohm clhfuauhm doa alibcpba IMNVK_ foh tkfoa ofo puio uhfohmuhfohm yohm slgoro adusus cliorohm fksarkckhosk tlrdofop plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNVK_. Foioc Arkckhoiksosk Clroyop: Plcltooh \hfohm-uhfohm Hoskbhoi slrto Plroturoh Folrod fk Khfbhlsko yohm Cliohmmor Doa Ososk Plrlcpuoh foh Alibcpba IMNVK_ , aock clhmurokaoh alsocooh
foh aladususoh pliohmmoroh doa alibcpba IMNVK_ foh plrlcpuoh. Aock clhuhjuaaoh nomokcoho fksarkckhosk tlrdofop plrlcpuoh slgoro ruckt tlrjoikh flhmoh fksarkckhosk tlrdofop brklhtosk slasuoi, kflhtktos mlhflr foh lasprlsk mlhflr (WBMKL1 Wlxuoi Brklhtotkbh, Mlhflr Kflhtkty ohf Lxprlsskbh) yohm nlrnlfo.
4 Plraucpuioh Orus Pliohmk Pliohmk fknlhtua pofo >0051 clrupoaoh so soiod iod sotu brmohksosk IMNVK_ tlrnlsor tlrnlsor fk Khfbhlsko.
?7
Cltbfbibmk
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C
Iopbroh khk fksusuh nlrfosor cotlrk aosus yohm
l r o y o p
fkaucpuiaoh bild Orus Pliohmk foh Abchos Plrlcpuoh, slrto fkfuauhm nodoh-nodoh yohm fkaucpuiaoh bild C
Orfdohory Khstktutl, Ilcnomo Nohtuoh Duauc Osbskosk Plrlcpuoh Khfbhlsko uhtua Alofkioh, IND OPKA (slnuod jorkhmoh nkrb nohtuoh duauc uhtua uhtua plrlcpuoh), Bur Ubkgl, foh IND Joaorto uhtua cotlrkhyo.;
Wlcoso plrkbfl plhuiksoh Arkckhoiksosk
foh moy slrto ioak-ioak trohsmlhflr tlrikdot
Clroyop , lcpot Ebgus Mrbup Fksgusskbh
tucpohm tkhfkd foh tlraokt slgoro abcpilas.
(EMF) fkioauaoh fk Joaorto, tlrfkrk fork
Vkfoa ofo eoatbr iokh yohm soikhm tlraokt yohm
poro plhmogoro, prbelsbr duauc, oatkvks,
fkohoiksks. Lilclh plhtkhm slplrtk alios sbskoi
abckskbhlr doa ososk cohusko foh abckskbhlr
foh omoco dohyo fkrujua oponkio rlilvoh.
doa plrlcpuoh. Foioc EMF plrtoco pofo nuioh Flslcnlr >0?0?5,
abhfksk yohm nlrfocpoa pofo alalrosoh
ohoiksks duauc iopbroh owoi fknodos foh
foh altkfoasltorooh tlrdofop alibcpba
fkplrbild alskcpuioh nomk poro plcohmau
IMNVK_ foh plrlcpuoh slgoro ucuc.
alplhtkhmoh. EMF altkmo fkofoaoh pofo nuioh Oprki foh allcpot fkioasohoaoh pofo nuioh yohm oaoh fkpunikaoskaoh.
Cotlrk Fosor foh Vlcuoh
]owohgoro ]owohg oro flhmoh poro khebrcoh auhgk tkfoa
Wljoa >0?0, Abchos Plrlcpuoh tliod
fkioauaoh aorlho iopbroh khk nlrebaus pofo
clhyusuh slnuod foetor nlrksk uhfohm-
ohoiksks duauc foh nuaoh pofo skaop sbskoi.
uhfohm hoskbhoi slrto plroturoh folrod
Plhflaotoh khtlrslaskbhoi fkioauaoh foioc
yohm clhfksarkckhosk plrlcpuoh fk sliurud
clhmohoiksks iopbroh khk. Doa plrlcpuoh, INV
Khfbhlsko otos fosor jlhks aliockh. Foioc
Clk uhtua clhfksauskaoh doski iopbroh oadkr
l t b f b i b m k
; Orfdohory Khstktutl ofoiod slnuo slnuod d brmohksosk poro khsoh ilsnkoh foh EVC1 Bur Ubkgl ofoiod slnuod brmohksosk IMNVK_1 IND OPKA OPKA ofoiod slnuod jorkhmoh nkrb nohtuoh duauc hoskbhoi uhtua plrlcpuoh1 IND Joaorto Ilcnomo Nohtuoh Duauc Joaorto.
?6
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
C
l t b f b i b m k
Ilcnor Eoato >0?< yohm fkrkikshyo, Abcksk
Clhurut Posoi ; \\ Hb. ?>/>0??, dklrorak
tlrslnut nlrebaus pofo ksk plroturoh folrod
khstruclh duauc fk Khfbhlsko ofoiod slnomok
yohm fksarkckhotke tlrslnut.
nlrkaut: ?. \hfohm-uhfohm Fosor ?;6<
\htua alplriuoh iopbroh khk, aock clikdot
>. Altltopoh Cojliks Plrcusyoworotoh
nodwo 7?4 fork 74; plroturoh folrod fksarkckhotke yohm nlrdoski fkkflhtkaosk
^oayot (Vop. CP^) 7. \hfohm-uhfohm otou Plroturoh
bild Abchos Plrlcpuoh yohm clcnotosk
Plclrkhtod Plhmmohtk \hfohm-uhfohm
doa plrlcpuoh turut puio slgoro hlmotke
6. Plroturoh Plclrkhtod
nlrfocpoa pofo poro khsoh trohsmlhflr‖
. Plroturoh yohm ilnkd noru clhmlsocpkhmaoh plroturoh slnliuchyo. 7. Plroturoh yohm adusus clhmlsocpkhmaoh plroturoh yohm ucuc.
tlcuoh yohm aock fopotaoh slrto ohoiksks foioc iopbroh khk nlrioau puio fk folrod iokh
Jkao slnuod uhfohm-uhfohm fkfumo
fk Khfbhlsko fk iuor ebaus iopbroh khk.
nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh \\F ?;6006 (fkrlvksk bild \\ Hb. ?>/>0??)
Codaocod Omuhm.
tlhtohm Plcnlhtuaoh Plroturoh Plruhfohmuhfohmoh (PP\).
Wlnuod alnkjoaoh nlrskeot fksarkckhotke jkao ksk otou plioasohoohhyo nlroaknot pofo plcnotosoh, plcnlfooh, plhmdopusoh otou plhmonokoh noka slgoro iohmsuhm otou tkfoa
?<
iohmsuhm, nlrfosoraoh pofo plrnlfooh pofo cohusko flhmoh fosor opopuh, tlrcosua omoco, suau, ros, stotus sbskoi otou labhbck, jlhks aliockh otou mlhflr tlrcosua kflhtktos mlhflr foh lasprlsk mlhflr, brklhtosk slasuoi, nodoso, otou alyoakhoh pbiktka, yohm nlroaknot pofo plhmurohmoh, plcnlfooh otou plhmdopusoh oaoh plhmoauoh, plioasohooh otou alhkacotoh doa ososk cohusko slrto alnlnosoh
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
fosor foioc aldkfupoh khfkvkfu otou cosyoroaot foioc nkfohm pbiktka, labhbck, duauc, dunuhmoh sbskoi, alnufoyooh otou ospla-ospla aldkfupoh iokhhyo.?0
C
l t b f b i b m k
?0 Fkofoptosk fork flhksk yohm fkmuhoaoh Abchos Plrlcpuoh Plrlcpuoh (>0?>/?;;; clcuhmakhaoh tlrjofkhyo
slsuok flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi.
flslhtroiksosk alauosooh. Alnkjoaoh tlrslnut lelatke nlrioau pofo ? Johuork >00?.
Wlnomkoh nlsor plroturoh pbpuiks khk fkfosoraoh pofo slruoh aouc potrkoraot
Nomkoh khk clhyojkaoh abhtlas sljorod tlhtohm
foh euhfoclhtoi (Ksioc oikroh ]oddonk)
plhylnoroh plroturoh folrod pofo totoroh
tlrdofop —trofksk, nufoyo foh omoco,‛ yohm
prbvkhsk, aonupotlh, foh abto fk Khfbhlsko.
clrlhfodaoh plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba
Nomkoh khk nlrusodo clhjojoraoh plroturoh
IMNVK_. Gbhtbdhyo, plroturoh folrod
pofo totoroh folrod, yohm ogop aoik fkrohgohm
tkfoa clikhfuhmk plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba
uhtua clrllaskaoh hkiok rlikmkus abhslrvotke
IMNVK_ fork alalrosoh nlrfosoraoh WBMKL
foh pbpuiks poro plckikd fk tkhmaot prbvkhsk,
foh mlhflr. Foioc ikhmauhmoh slcogoc
flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi Khfbhlsko
ktu, alalrosoh foh fksarkckhosk tlrdofop
yohm nlriohfosaoh Abhstktusk yohm nlrskeot
plrlcpuoh (tlrcosua plrlcpuoh INV
slauior (nlrfosoraoh prkhskp duauc). Iopbroh
foh ioak-ioak trohsmlhflr) tkfoa fkohmmop
khk clhfopotk nodwo poro pbiktksk fk tkhmaot
aljodotoh, coiodoh alalrosoh tlrslnut alrop
prbvkhsk foh aonupotlh clrohgohm otou clhfuauhm uhfohm-uhfohm yohm ilnkd
fkpohfohm slnomok tkhfoaoh abrlatke foh fksarkckhosk fkpohfohm slnomok alpotutoh,
abhslrvotke otou clhfopot plhmorud omoco,
slnomokcoho doihyo abrnoh ucuchyo
?=
fkpohfohm slnomok pliohmmor hbrco omoco
plclrkhtodoh tliod clhmmoioaaoh sljuciod
foh nufoyo.
upoyo uhtua clhmlaohm altkfoapuosoh cosyoroaot1 yohm poikhm tlralhoi ofoiod
]oioupuh fk sotu sksk Abhstktusk Khfbhlsko
yohm fkioauaoh cohtoh Prlskflh Khfbhlsko,
fknohmuh otos osos slauiorktos, pbiktka fk
Jlhflroi Wbldortb, yohm alauosooh
Khfbhlsko slrkhm aoik fkplhmorudk bild omoco. Doi khk fkslnonaoh aorlho Hlmoro tkfoa
btbrktlrhyo slioco tkmo puiud fuo toduh fkworhok plcnotosoh alnlnosoh wormo
dohyo fkfosoraoh otos ebhfosk abhstktusk
hlmoro slrto pliohmmoroh coske otos doa ososk
slauior cliokhaoh jumo otos fosor Pohgoskio,
wormo hlmoro.
iohfosoh ibsbs Hlmoro Khfbhlsko, yohm
skio plrtocohyo clhylnutaoh Altudohoh
Aljotudoh clhfofoa Prlskflh Wbldortb pofo
[ohm Codo Lso. Hkiok yohm nlrtlhtohmoh
toduh ?;;4 clrupoaoh slnuod cbclhtuc
tlrslnut nlrfocpoa pofo ilmksiosk, foh
arktks foioc sljorod Khfbhlsko. Pofo oadkr
clcuhmakhaoh fksltujukhyo uhfohm-uhfohm
?;;0-oh, abrupsk slrto altkfoapuosoh
yohm nodaoh tlrioiu gbhfbhm alpofo ojoroh
cosyoroaot slcoakh clcuhgoa. Plhmmohtk
omoco. Abhslaulhsk slsuhmmudhyo ofoiod
Prlskflh Wbldortb, Prlskflh Donknkl,
nodwo poro plrohgohm plroturoh folrod
clworksk hlmoro yohm foioc alofooh mlhtkhm
clcprkbrktosaoh hkiok omoco clrlao slhfkrk slrto momoi clikhfuhmk doa alibcpba hbh-
foh nlikou slplhudhyo clhyofork nltopo nlsorhyo altkfoapuosoh fk folrod. Nlikou
cusikc foh alibcpba ckhbrktos slauilr
clhgbno clhodoh alcuhmakhoh plgodhyo
Khfbhlsko iokhhyo. Doi khk clhylnonaoh
abhka rlmkbhoi flhmoh goro clcnlrkaoh
abfkaosk rotusoh plroturoh foh alnkjoaoh
btbhbck ofckhkstrotke pofo prbvkhsk-prbvkhsk
yohm fksarkckhotke, foh arkckhoiksosk slrto
slrto aonupotlh yohm clckikak nofoh
plhmlhfoikoh aldkfupoh alibcpba IMNVK_,
plclrkhtodoh slhfkrk.
plrlcpuoh slrto omoco-omoco ckhbrktos. Pofo nuioh Hbvlcnlr ?;;4 Wkfohm adusus Cojliks Plrcusyoworotoh ^oayot (CP^)
Wljorod Pbiktka foh
clhyltujuk slnuod Altltopoh uhtua plioasohooh btbhbck folrod. Alclhtlrkoh
Focpoa Folrod Btbhbck
Foioc Hlmlrk clrohgohm \\ Hb. >>/?;;;,
Khfbhlsko clrupoaoh slnuod alpuiouoh
alcufkoh fkrlvksk flhmoh \\ Hb. 7>/>006.
yohm iuos flhmoh nlromoc lthks foh
\\ khk clcuhmakhaoh tlrjofkhyo plckhfodoh
omoco, yohm fk foiochyo clhmohfuhm
alauosooh fork plclrkhtod Pusot al
alglhflruhmoh slhtrkeumoi yohm clhmohgoc
plclrkhtod folrod. Poro plrohgohm \\
aldorcbhksoh hlmoro. Plhylnonhyo ofoiod,
Hb. >>/?;;; nlrosucsk nodwo plroturoh
aorlho Khfbhlsko, slplrtk yohm akto altoduk,
fk totoroh folrod tlrslnut oaoh tuhfua
clrupoaoh plhmmonuhmoh nlrnomok wkioyod
foioc alrohmao uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi.
yohm fksotuaoh slgoro poaso bild plclrkhtod
Nlrfosoraoh osucsk khkiod, clrlao ioiok
abibhkoi Nliohfo. Kflbibmk yohm nlrnlfo
uhtua slgoro laspikskt clhylnutaoh foioc
oadkrhyo cuhgui foioc nlhtua altkfoapuosoh cosyoroaot tlrdofop hlmoro pofo nlrnomok
uhfohm-uhfohm tlrslnut (Hb. >>/?;;;) nodwo plroturoh folrod dorusiod sljoioh
tktka foioc sljorod Khfbhlsko. Poro plckcpkh
slrto tkfoa nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh Abhstktusk
yohm fksltujuk pofo nuioh Clk ?;;;, foh
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
A b h t l a s H l m o r o
?4
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
slrto uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi. Alalikruoh
abto‖clhylnonaoh tlrjofkhyo alrohguoh
khk tliod fkplrnokak pofo toduh >0?6,
duauc, slnomokcoho slnomkoh aoiohmoh
flhmoh \\ Hb. >7/>0?6 yohm slgoro tlmos
clhylnuthyo —alaogouoh duauc‛.?>
clhyotoaoh syorot yohm fkcoasuf.
Khfbhlsko, slplrtk yohm Plcnlrkoh btbhbck folrod uhtua nkfohmnkfohm tlrtlhtu (ohtoro iokh plalrjooh ucuc, alsldotoh, plhfkfkaoh, slrto nufoyo foh slatbr labhbck slplrtk aldutohoh) clckikak fuo lela yohm fkkhmkhaoh. Plrtoco, btbhbck folrod clhjowon
A b h t l a s H l m o r o
akto altoduk, clrupoaoh plhmmonuhmoh nlrnomok wkioyod yohm fksotuaoh slgoro poaso bild plclrkhtod abibhkoi Nliohfo.
slruoh omor folrod ilnkd flcbarotks slrto clhykhmakraoh oiosoh-oiosoh pbtlhskoi
Clhyofork altkfoaslsuokoh ohtoro plroturoh
tlrjofkhyo alrusudoh rlmkbhoi. Alfuo, flhmoh
folrod flhmoh Abhstktusk foh uhfohm-
clcnuot prbvkhsk-prbvkhsk yohm slgoro
uhfohm hoskbhoi, Clhtlrk Foioc Hlmlrk
ucuc tliod guaup nlsor uhtua clhjofk
alcnoik clhmunod \\ Plclrkhtodoh Folrod
slnuod lhtktos khflplhflh, btbhbck folrod
pofo toduh >0?6 (Hb. >7/>0?6). Pofo Posoi
clhfbrbhm abionbrosk ohtoro aonupotlhaonupotlh algki yohm pofo oadkrhyo oaoh
> Ikdot Wkcbh Nutt. >0?0. ^lmkbhoi Outbhbcy ohf Ilmoi Fksbrflr: Vdl Prbikelrotkbh Prbikelrotkbh be Ibgoi Iows kh Khfbhlsko. Wyfhly Iow ^lvklw vbi. vbi. 7>. doiocoh ?=5-?;> uhtua fksausk clhmlhok alaogouoh duauc yohm fkcoasuf. Wltliod clhmohoiksks alputusoh Codaocod Omuhm, Nutt nlralskcpuioh nodwo dohyo foioc aosus pojoa rltrknusk kilmoi coao prbsls plhkhjouoh yufkskoi fopot fkaotoaoh nlrdoski.
?;
nlrdoski clhgonut plroturoh folrod yohm fkcoasuf pofo tkhmaot aonupotlh otou abto, Clhtlrk Foioc Hlmlrk fopot clioauaohhyo. Flhmoh aoto iokh, plroturoh folrod dorus tuhfua pofo alrohmao duauc hoskbhoi1 Alclhtlrkoh Foioc Hlmlrk slrto Munlrhur clckikak alauosooh uhtua clcnotoiaoh lilclh-lilclh plroturoh yohm tkfoa sljoioh flhmoh Abhstktusk otou uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi iokhhyo. Dkhmmo akhk, doi tlrslnut
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
tkfoa tlrjofk. Codaocod Omuhm, flhmoh alauosooh uhtua clhgonut plroturoh folrod yohm tkfoa sljoioh flhmoh Abhstktusk, tkfoa clioauaoh doi tlrslnut, aorlho tkfoa slplrtk Clhtlrk Foioc Hlmlrk otou Munlrhur, Codaocod Omuhm dohyo clcnlrk putusoh clioiuk plclrkasooh plraoro.
A b h t l a s H l m o r o
>0
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
K a d t k s o r D o a O s o s k C o h u s k o
Kadtksor
Doa Ososk Cohusko Nomkoh khk clcnodos doa ososk cohusko foioc abhtlas Khfbhlsko: plrtoco, alromocoh mlhflr fk Khfbhlsko slrto ochlsko posgo-abibhkoi, foh, alfuo, doa ososk cohusko foh Ksioc. Khebrcosk abhtlastuoi khk oaoh clilhmaopk kadtksor foh plcltooh uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi slrto plroturoh folrod fk Khfbhlsko slrto slfkakt clcnuao tlhtohm skaop sbskoi yohm nlrfocpoa tlrdofop uhfohmuhfohm foh plroturoh.
Doa Ososk Cohusko foh
fkmuhoaoh aoto kcpuhktos) posgo ? Batbnlr ?;50?0?5/b?jk 5/b?jk6w75
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
K a d t k s o r D o a O s o s k C o h u s k o
Aorlhohyo bpkhk Dolfor Hosdkr slrto nohyoa
plrkioau omrlske clrlao alpofo poro
plcuao iokhhyo foioc cosyoroaot tkfoa
plhfotohm fk hlmlrk clrlao, foioc doi
sljoioh flhmoh sufut pohfohm Abhstktusk.
khk nlrupo plrzkhooh foh plrabsooh.
Doa Ososk Cohusko foh
Alibcpba Cusikc morks alros nlrskalros
Ksioc
nodwo dbcbslasuoiktos fkiorohm foioc Ksioc, hocuh aoto —dbcbslasuoiktos‛ tkfoa
Plhoeskroh abhslrvotke tlrdofop Ksioc
fktlcuaoh foioc Nodoso Oron aioska. [ohm
slplrtk yohm fkioauaoh bild Cojliks \ioco
ofo ofoiod aoto ikwotd, sbfbck, yohm aoto
Khfbhlsko (C\K), Hodfiotui \ioco (H\),
khk slhfkrk tkfoa nlrortk dbcbslasuoiktos,
Cudoccofkyod slrto alibcpba-alib alibcpba-alibcpba cpba
slnon aoto khk tlrcosua jumo dunuhmoh
hlb-Woio fk Khfbhlsko, clhlaohaoh
khtkc slgoro ohoi pofo posohmoh dltlrbslas
sunbrfkhosk plrlcpuoh alpofo ioak-ioak
foh tkfoa tlrcosua ilsnkohkscl. Aoto yohm
slrto pliorohmoh dbcbslasuoiktos slnomok
nlrosbskosk flhmoh ilsnkohkscl ofoiod
prkhskp-prkhskp fosor omoco.?5 Hocuh poro
skdoq , yoktu clhmmlsla-mlslaaoh (vomkho),
glhflako elckhks Cusikc slplrtk Eotkco
foh tkfoa tlrfopot duaucoh otos skdoq .
Clrhkssk foh Cusfod Cuiko clhlaohaoh
Wotu-sotuhyo duaucoh yohm fkhyotoaoh
ofohyo plrhyotooh clhmlhok oercosk slasuoi foioc Oi-_ur‛oh, slnomok tohfo aoskd
foioc Duauc Ksioc aioska (qd) ofoiod duaucoh otos plrsltunudoh fk iuor hkaod,
foh alcurodoh Vudoh oaoh alcohuskooh,
zkho, yohm duaucohhyo ofoiod duaucoh
yohm fktohfok bild auoiktos-auoiktos nlrdormo
cotk. Ikwotd fkohgoc duaucoh yohm tkfoa
slplrtk gkhto foh alkhfodoh.?= Nlrfosoraoh
adusus slnon alhfotk fkohmmop fbso hocuh
plhoeskroh slrupo clhmlhok Oi-_ur‛oh,
tkfoa cliknotaoh plhltrosk plhks al foioc
nlnlropo glhflako clhlaohaoh nodwo
vomkho slrto tkfoa ofo rkskab aldockioh.
tkfoa ofo altkfoa-gbgbaoh ohtoro doa
Clcnuatkaoh ikwotd foh zkho tlrslnut suikt
ososk cohusko foh slasuoi flhmoh Ksioc. ?4
fkioauaoh slnon lcpot brohm soask coto
Foioc plhoeskroh clrlao, aksod Honk Iutd
dorus nlrsucpod. Jkao slslbrohm clhmofuaoh
yohm slioiu fkautkp slnomok nuatk duaucoh
brohm iokh otos tufudoh zkho foh ikwotd tohpo
Vudoh foioc pohfohmoh Ksioc foh Arkstlh
fkslrtok nuatk yohm guaup, ko fopot fkalhoaoh
otos dbcbslasuoiktos ktu tlraokt flhmoh
duaucoh 40 aoik gocnua.
alalrosoh slasuoi foh altkfoapotudoh, tkfoa slplrtk coybrktos glhflako rlikmkus aioska
Aorlho ktu, brklhtosk foh dunuhmoh
yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo doi khk clrupoaoh
dbcbslasuoi slplrtk ktu tkfoa fkiorohm foioc
iorohmoh Oiiod tlrdofop dbcbslasuoiktos.
Ksioc, dohyo slas ohoi (nlrfosor plhoeskroh
Clrhkssk, Cuiko foh poro glhflako Cusikc
oi-Noqorod >>>->>7) >>>->>7) yohm fkohmmop tlriorohm
iokhhyo clcplrtodohaoh plhfopot nodwo
(doroc) foh fkiorohm noka foioc abhtlas
duaucoh otos Honk Iutd ofoiod aorlho
dbcbslasuoi otou dltlrbslasuoi. Brklhtosk
?5 H\ foh Cudoccofkyod clrupoaoh fuo brmohksosk cosso Ksioc flhmoh jutooh ohmmbto. ohmmbto. H\ ilnkd nlrskeot trofkskbhoi foh fkohmmop ilnkd tbilroh forkpofo Cudoccofkyod yohm cbflrhks. ?= Ikdot Eotkco Clrhkssk, ?;47
slasuoi slhfkrk tkfoa fknodos foioc qd. Ilnkd iohjut, slclhtoro poro plhmohut omoco morks alros clhylnut dbcbslasuoiktos slnomok fbso, nohyoa plcliua omoco yohm abhslrvotke clhyotoaoh dbcbslasuoiktos slnomok plhyoakt. _ur‛oh tkfoa clcohfohm plhyoakt slnomok fbso foh aorlhohyo dbcbslasuoiktos tkfoa fopot fkpohfohm fbso.?;
Wlgoro auituroi, alnlrofooh khfkvkfu flhmoh ocnkmuktos mlhflr clcokhaoh plrohoh plhtkhm foioc nlnlropo alibcpba lthks fk Khfbhlsko, slrto tlhtuhyo fk nlrnomok tlcpot fk Osko.
C\K yohm abhslrvotke tliod clhlrnktaoh
Plhylnoroh alnlhgkoh tliod clcnowo
nlnlropo eotwo alomocooh yohm clhyotoaoh
pofo plcodocoh abhtrofkatke tlhtohm
nodwo dbcbslasuoiktos ofoiod doroc.
dbcbslasuoiktos. Fk sotu sksk dbcbslasuoiktos
Pofo toduh >0?6 C\K clhlrnktaoh eotwo
fkpohfohm slnomok plhyoakt, yohm dorus
(0?6) (0?6) yohm clhyotoaoh abcuhktos IMNV
fkslcnudaoh bild abhslikhm foh rldonkiktosk
ofoiod —clhykcpohm slgoro omoco, nufoyo
alomocooh‖gbhtbdhyo flhmoh clcnogoaoh
foh cbroi.‛ cbroi.‛ Pofo nuioh Corlt >0?< slnuod
alcnoik oyot-oyot _ur‛oh fk flaot foh fk
plrkhmotoh fktlrnktaoh nodwo alibcpba
socpkhm alpoio brohm-brohm IMNV flhmoh
IMNV dorusiod fkduauc cotk. Pofo toduh >0?5 slnuod eotwo noru fktlrnktaoh uhtua
doropoh nodwo syoroehyo oaoh nlrunod.>> Fk sksk iokh, khsoh IMNV yohm clhgork omoco
cliorohm ucot Ksioc nlrmonuhm flhmoh
coiod fktbioa. Pofo nuioh Elnruork >0?5,
sltkop alibcpba yohm clhfuauhm doa
sotu-sotuhyo slabiod alomocooh fk fuhko
IMNV fk Khfbhlsko. Pofo Elnruork >0?5 C\K
uhtua worko foh alibcpba trohsmlhflr EVC
fkckhto bild plclrkhtod uhtua clhyusuh
yohm tlriltoa fk [bmyoaorto fktutup poaso
rohgohmoh uhfohm-uhfohm yohm cliorohm
clhyusui prbtls slnuod brmohksosk yohm
almkotoh IMNV. IMNV.>0 Alhfotk C\K nuaoh
clhocoaoh fkrkhyo Erbht Jkdof Ksioc. Ofo
clrupoaoh nofoh btbrktos, hocuh eotwo-
slaktor 60 worko yohm tlrfoetor fk slabiod
eotwohyo, yohm woioupuh tkfoa clhmkaot,
tlrslnut, yohm fknuao pofo >004. (Ikdot
sohmot nlrplhmorud. Alibcpba morks alros
prbi foioc iopbroh khk clhmlhok plhutupoh
clhjustkaosk tkhfoa alalrosoh yohm clrlao
slabiod tlrslnut).
ioauaoh flhmoh clrujua pofo eotwo-eotwo
dunuhmoh slas sljlhks cliohmmor doa cohusko
Alromocoh Mlhflr fk Khfbhlsko foh Ochlsko Posgo Abibhkoi
uhtua nlrlprbfuask foh aorlhohyo doroc,
Wlgoro auituroi, alnlrofooh khfkvkfu flhmoh
ucot Ksioc tkfoa sldorushyo clhuhjuaaoh
ocnkmuktos mlhflr clcokhaoh plrohoh
alnlhgkoh tlrdofop cosyoroaot IMNV.>?
plhtkhm foioc nlnlropo alibcpba lthks
tlrslnut. Vkfoa slcuo glhflako rlikmkus nlrskeot omrlske. Wlbrohm plhoskdot C\K, Fkh Wyocsuffkh, clhmotoaoh nodwo clsak
fk Khfbhlsko, slrto tlhtuhyo fk nlrnomok
?; >0 >? >>
\htua fksausk ilnkd iohjut clhmlhok dbcb dbcbslasuoiktos slasuoiktos foh qd, qd, ikdot: dttps://ozksoe.wbrfprlss. /ozksoe.wbrfprlss.gbc/>0?5/0>/?4/dbcbslasuoik gbc/>0?5/0>/?4/dbcbslasuoik tos-foh-akd/ Gbhtbdhyo, ikdot: dttp://www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hlw /www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hlws/>0?5/0> s/>0?5/0>/?=/kh /?=/khfbhlskoh-gilrkgs-flgiorl-imnt-mrbups-doroc.dtci fbhlskoh-gilrkgs-flgiorl-imnt-mrbups-doroc.dtci dttps: dttps:/ //c.tlcpb.gb/rlof/hlws/>0?5/07/06
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
K a d t k s o r D o a O s o s k C o h u s k o
tlcpot fk Osko. Foioc nlnlropo cosyoroaot
plrtlcpuroh oaoh fkgop slnomok nujoso foh
lthks fk Khfbhlsko flwoso khk, tlrfopot
fkfbrbhm uhtua clhmocnki plroh oitlrhotke
piuroikscl foh alromocoh mlhflr. Flwo
slnomok fuauh flhmoh ocnkmuktos mlhflr.
Dkhfu Orfdohorksdvoro (otou Orfdohory)
Cohohm noik , trohsmlhflr fk cosyoroaot
yohm hocohyo fkmuhoaoh bild Orfdohory
Knoh fk Aoikcohtoh clhmlhoaoh nusoho ><
Khstktutl, slnuod alibcpba plhfuauhm ilsnkoh fk Khfbhlsko, clrupoaoh slnuod
plrlcpuoh foh clhkaodk ioak-ioak.
gbhtbd. Flwo yohm tlrcosydur fk lro
Nodaoh dkhmmo akhk, poro khfkvkfu yohm
Dkhfu khk clhmmonuhmaoh prkhskp-prkhskp
clhmlasprlskaoh ocnkmuktos mlhflr
plrlcpuoh foh ioak-ioak (coskhm-coskhm
alrop aoik clcokhaoh plrohoh plhtkhm
Furmo foh Wdkvo). Ofo puio nlnlropo gbhtbd
foioc plrtuhjuaoh rktuoi slplrtk cksoihyo
tonkn trohsmlhflr yohm fkohmmop cocpu
plrtuhjuaoh tlotlr trofkskbhoi worba-
clhmdunuhmaoh fuhko poro flwo flhmoh
mlcnioa fk fk Jowo Vkcur slrto iufrua fk fk Jowo
fuhko cohusko, slnon clrlao cliocpouk
Vlhmod foh Jowo Vkcur.>5 Fk Noik, akto iozkc
elckhkhktos foh cosauikhktos.>7 Wlnuod gbhtbd
clhlcuk plclroh ikhtos mlhflr foioc
tlralhoi tlhtohm alcojlcuaoh mlhflr ofoiod
plrtuhjuaoh trofkskbhoi. Gbhtbdhyo, foioc
skstlc ikco mlhflr pofo cosyoroaot Numks fk
slhfrotork cosyoroaot Noik Oryo, ioak-ioak
Puiou Wuiowlsk.>6
nlrplroh slnomok plrlcpuoh, foh slaorohm, plrlcpuoh turut ocnki nomkoh clclrohaoh
Khfkvkfu nlrtunud ioak-ioak yohm nlrnusoho
ioak-ioak.>= Foioc tlotlr woyohm fk fk Jowo,
plrlcpuoh, slrto brohm-brohm flhmoh
aoroatlr ioak-ioak ogop aoik fkplrohaoh bild
khtlrslas fkpohfohm slnomok plrohtoro
oatrks plrlcpuoh, nlmktu puh slnoikahyo.
spkrktuoi yohm fodsyot. Ohtrbpbibm voh flr Arble clhmmocnoraoh trofksk wofoc pofo
Vkfoa ofo khfkaosk nodwo dunuhmoh sljlhks
cosyoroaot prknuck Foyoa Hmoju (noskr ) fk
foh plrnlfooh mlhflr fkarkckhoiksosk foioc
nomkoh Wliotoh Puiou Aoikcohtoh, cosyoroaot
nlrnomok alibcpba lthks foioc alpuiouoh
Vbrojo Vbr ojo Norl‛l fk prbvkhsk Wuiowlsk Vlhmod
Khfbhlsko pro-abibhkoi.
fk Nomkoh Vkcur Khfbhlsko, slrto pofo cosyoroaot Coaossor fk prbvkhsk Wuiowlsk Wliotoh fk Puiou Wuiowlsk. Cosyoroaot Vbrojo Norl‛l clhmoauk stotus ioak-ioak nlrfosoraoh portkskposk clrlao foioc plrtlcpuroh. Poro ilioak yohm clhbioa tlrjuh fk foioc
Khfkvkfu yohm clhmlasprlskaoh ocnkmuktos mlhflr alrop aoik clcokhaoh plrohoh plhtkhm foioc plrtuhjuaoh rktuoi.
Dltlrbhbrcotkvkty, tkvkty, Posskbhotl Olstdltkgs ohf Wycnbikg Wunvlrskbh kh Osko. Osko. Lostnburhl: Wusslx Ogoflckg Puniksdlrs ohf Lvliyh >7 Ikdot ]klrkhmo >0?00< Mlhflr Vrohsmrlsskbh kh Gbibhkoi ohf Pbstgbibhkoi Khfbhlsko kh tdl Jburhoi be Oskoh Wtufkls 56/6 56/6 doiocoh 46;-4=;. >6 Ikdot gbhtbdhyo pofo tuiksoh Wdoryh Mrodoc Fovkls, >0?0, Mlhflr Fkvlrskty kh Khfbhlsko1 Wlxuoikty, Wlxuoikty, Ksioc ohf _ullr Wlivls . Ibhfbh ohf Hlw [bra: ^butilfml. Ikiy Wumkohtb, >0?< Fkslnutaoh foioc foioc ^kgdorf D Dbworf, bworf, ?;;5. ?;;5. Eoiikhm Khtb tdl Moy ]brif: Cohdbbf, Corrkoml ohf Eockiy kh Khfbhlsko. Khfbhlsko. PdF tdlsks, \hkvlrskty be K iikhbks, \rnohoKhfbhlsko. Foioc: Nornoro ]otsbh Ohfoyo lf. Btdlr Gdocpokmh doiocoh 77;-76?. Ikdot jumo Ilbhorf [ Ohfoyo, >000, Vdl Nkssu: Wtufy be o Vdkrf Mlhflr kh Khfbhlsko. Posts, ]bclh, Mlhflr ohf Dkstbry kh Loriy Cbflrh Wbutdlost Osko. Cohbo: \hkvlrskty be Dowok‛k. doiocoh >=-6=. >5 Vlrfopot sljuc sljuciod iod nlsor iktlrotur tlh tlhtohm tohm doi khk, gbhtbdhyo gbhtbdhyo,, ikdot: Flfl Bltbcb. ?;;5. Mlhflr ohf Wlxuoi Brklhtotkbh kh Khfbhlsko foioc Khfbhlsko foioc Iourkl Wlors lf. Eohtoskzkhm Vdl Elckhkhl kh Khfbhlsko. Khfbhlsko. Furdoc: Fual \hkvlrskty Prlss, doiocoh >5;. Flfl Bltbcb, >00?, Clcnlrk Wuoro Alpofo [ohm Nksu Nksu.. [bmyoaorto: Moiohm Prlss. Jocls Plogbga, ?;5=. Jovohlsl Gibwh Ohf Vrohsvlstktl Wbhms: Wbcl ^liotkbhs Nltwllh —Prkcktkvl Giosskgotkbh‛ Ohf —Gbccuhkgotkvl Lvlhts‛. Juhl Lvlhts‛. Juhl Dlic, lf. Lssoys bh tdl vlrnoi ohf vksuoi orts: Prbgllfkhms be tdl ?;55 Wprkhm Clltkhm , Oclrkgoh Ltdhbibmkgoi Wbgklty. Wlottil. Vbc Nbliistbree, >0000;, Mlhflr Piuroiksc1 Wbutdlost Osko Wkhgl Loriy Cbflrh Vkcls . Hlw [bra ohf Ibhfbh: ^butilfml.1 Koh Fbumios ]kisbh. >004. >004. Os Os Ibhm Os Kt‛s Doioi1 Ksiockg Prlcoh Kh Joaorto.. Foioc Mrlm Eloiy foh Woiiy ]dktl lfs: Lxprlsskhm Ksioc1 ^likmkbus Ikel ohf Pbiktkgs kh Khfbhlsko. Joaorto Khfbhlsko. Wkhmopbrl: KWLOW. doiocoh ?;>->??. >= K ]oyoh Fknk Fknko. o. >00<
Alfufuaoh plrlcpuoh nlrvorkosk foioc
nlrnlfo, adusushyo foioc doi plraowkhoh
skstlc alalronotoh yohm nlrnlfo. Foioc
foh duauc works, coskd sojo tlrjofk. Vkfoa
nlnlropo alibcpba slplrtk coybrktos
ofo duauc slauilr yohm clhjockh doa works
cosyoroaot Jowo yohm nkikhlor, aouc
sltoro ohtoro plrlcpuoh foh ioak-ioak, foh
plrlcpuoh clhkacotk nlrnomok doa labhbck
yohm clhglmod poro brohm tuo clhgonut doa
foh slnomkoh doa pbiktka. Doi khk tkfoa nlrioau nomk aouc plrlcpuoh alios otos
works ohoa clrlao. Gbhtbd alsuiktoh oaknot tkfoa clckikak duauc slauilr yohm sltoro
yohm tlrauhmauhm foioc —sohmaor lcos‛
ofoiod nodwo brohm tuo fopot clhgonut
(ikdot surot-surot ^O Aortkhk).>4 Alhyotooh
doa works ohoa IMNVK_ slsuao clrlao
khk, nomokcohopuh, tkfoa fkdbrcotk
foh clrlao fopot puio clhfksarkckhosk
bild Duauc Nliohfo. Pofo toduh ?;?;
dltlrbslasuoiktos hbrcotke, yohm clhmunod
Nliohfo clcplralhoiaoh puio plruhfohm-
alfufuaoh pbio trohsmlhflr foh plrkioau
uhfohmoh nlrfosoraoh lthks-rlikmkus fk
slas sljlhks al foioc rohod cbroi. Hocuh,
wkioyod-wkioyod duauc yohm nlrnlfo nomk nohmso Lrbpo, cosyoroaot Prknuck foh
tbilrohsk tlrdofop proatka-proatka adusus trohsmlhflr (gbhtbdhyo, lasprlsk mlhflr
—Vkcur Oskhm‛. Doi khk clcnuao pliuohm
slrto khtlroask sbskoi yohm nlrnlfo) coskd
fkofbpskhyo Duauc Wyorkod bild cosyoroaot
nlrtodoh dkhmmo soot khk. Nlrkaut khk ofoiod
Cusikc.70 Alrohguoh duauc yohm tlrgkpto
gbhtbd proatka yohm noka fkcoasuf:
oaknot clckikak skstlc-skstlc duauc yohm
Pofo toduh ?;=7 Kwoh ^bnnyohtb Ksaohfor (nlrhoco osik Adoh Aba Dkoh), iodkr foioc tunud ioak-ioak, clrupoaoh brohm plrtoco yohm slgoro sod clhmunod kflhtktoshyo. Wljoa nlrusko ikco toduh Kwoh sofor ko slnlhorhyo ofoiod plrlcpuoh. Pofo toduh ?;=7 ko clcutusaoh clhjoiohk bplrosk aliockh fk \hkvlrskty Dbspktoi fk Wkhmopuro. Altkao alcnoik al Joaorto ko clhmojuaoh plrcbdbhoh al Plhmofkioh Hlmlrk Joaorto Norot uhtua clhmunod stotus mlhflr foioc fbauclh-fbauclh ilmoihyo foh clhfoetoraoh fkrk slnomok plrlcpuoh flhmoh hoco Ukvkoh ^unkohtk Ksaohfor. Ilcnomo Nohtuoh Duauc (IND) Joaorto clcnohtuhyo uhtua doi ktu. Plhmogorohyo, Ofhoh Nuyuhm Hosutkbh, fkdujot bild alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-alibcpba Ksioc yohm clhylnuthyo curtof. Nohyoa mljbioa sbskoi tlrjofk otos aosus khk. Hocuh oadkrhyo Plhmofkioh clhmonuiaoh plrcbdbhoh Ukvkoh, flhmoh alputusoh Hb. ; Ikdot Wosak Wosakoo L. ]klrkhmo, >0?, Vdl Mr Mrkp kp be Euhfoclhtoiksc ohf tdl Khfbh Khfbhlsko lsko Ilmoi Wystlc kh Vdl Euturl be Oskoh Elckhkscs: Gbherbhtkhm Euhfoclhtoi Euhfoclhtoikscs, kscs, Gbhkgts ohf hlb-Iknlroiksc hlb-Iknlroiksc,, Gocnrkfml Wgdbioriy Puniksdkhm. doiocoh 7>0-76=.
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
K a d t k s o r D o a O s o s k C o h u s k o
>5
nodaoh uhtua nlrdofopoh flhmoh plraoro-plraoro duauc aorlho duauc dohyo clhmoauk A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
K a d t k s o r D o a O s o s k C o h u s k o
ioak-ioak otou plrlcpuoh. Alhfotk soot ktu duauc nliuc clhmoabcbfosk plrunodoh jlhks aliockh, Kwoh fkplralhohaoh clhmmohtk clhmmohtk hocohyo slsuok Posoi foioc Akton \hfohm-uhfohm Duauc Plrfoto (A\D Plrfoto) juhgtb \hfohm-uhfohm Hb. 6/?;5? clhmlhok Plrunodoh Hoco. Wltliod aosus khk, plhmofkioh-plhmofkioh iokh fk Khfbhlsko (Wuronoyo pofo ?;;4, foh Notoc pofo >00;, ) turut puio clhmonuiaoh plrcbdbhoh stotus plrunodoh jlhks aliockh.7? Pofo toduh ?;=< slnuod ic fknuot flhmoh jufui —Oauiod Ukvkoh‛, fksutroforok bild C. Lhfrootcofjo. Pofo toduh ?;;4 Ukvkoh clhkaod flhmoh Elikx ^ucoyor.
Nlriokhoh flhmoh aosus Ukvkoh, aosus ilnkd
nlrnomok nlhtua mlhflr yohm slnlhorhyo
noru yohm fkoiock Aorio foh Fucohk, slplrtk
pofo coso ioiu fktlrkco flhmoh noka.
fknodos fk nowod khk, clhuhjuaaoh sksk
Gbhtbdhyo kstkiod nohgk foh foh worko fkslnut
yohm ilnkd hlmotke tlrdofop cosyoroaot
flhmoh abhbtosk nurua foioc clfko foh
IMNVK_. Doi khk cuhmakh fkslnonaoh
fkmuhoaoh uhtua clcnlrk stkmco pofo khsoh
plhylnoroh plroturoh folrod ohtk-
trohsmlhflr. Kstkiod-kstkiod tlrslnut nlrosoi
IMNV yohm clhmarkckhoiksosk alibcpba IMNVK_ foh clhmuhfohm cosyoroaot
fork Nodoso Jowo yohm fkmuhoaoh uhtua clhmmocnoraoh alibcpba trohsmlhflr noka
uhtua clhjoiohaoh duauc clrlao slhfkrk,
ioak-ioak clhjofk plrlcpuoh foh plrlcpuoh
yohm nlroaknot pofo alalrosoh tlrdofop
clhjofk ioak-ioak, flhmoh abhbtosk hltroi.
alibcpba IMNVK_ slrto plhbioaoh oaoh
Pofo owoi Batbnlr >0?006. Altkao clrlao alcnoik al aocpuhm doiocoh clrlao fk Nbybioik clrlao suasls clcnuao woruhm coaohoh. Clrlao clhylilhmmoroaoh ogoro syuauroh ioyoahyo slnuod plrhkaodoh, flhmoh Aorio clhmlhoaoh nusoho plhmohtkh trofkskbhoi plrlcpuoh flhmoh flabrosk skcpui nlrdkos cliotk slfohmaoh Fucohk clhmlhoaoh jos foh abpkod. Fucohk jumo clhmlhoaoh aoiuhm cliotk clikhmaork puhfoahyo. Nomokcohopuh aorlho Aorio tlriodkr slnomok ioak-ioak, posohmoh khk tkfoa clcbdbh kzkh plrhkaodoh. Hocuh poro plhfufua tltop clhmdofkrk rlslpsk plrhkaodoh clrlao, nodaoh poro pljonot flso puh turut dofkr. Wlmoiohyo nlrjoioh iohgor, poro posohmoh clhlrkco dofkod foh poro tltocu clhkacotk dkfohmoh. Woyohmhyo slnuod almlcporoh bild clfko clhguot, clhylnonaoh plrhkaodoh tlrslnut clhjofk plrdotkoh altuo C\K Nbybioik, Donkn Kdsohuffkh, Kdsohuffkh, yohm clhmutua plrhkaodoh tlrslnut slnomok dunuhmoh dbcbslasuoi. Clhyusui alcufkoh, Aorio foh Fucohk fkuska bild 700 ohmmbto alibcpba euhfoclhtoiks omoco, Ebruc \cot Ksioc Nbybioik (E\KN), yohm
Aosus . Joaorto: IND Joaorto, >0?>->7. 7? ^lhtohm Jljoa IND Joaorto1 Aksod-aksod Plhohmohoh Aosus .
>=
clhlaoh pbiksk uhtua clcoaso posohmoh Aorio-Fucohk clhohfotohmohk plrjohjkoh yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo clrlao tkfoa oaoh tkhmmoi slrucod. Wlaktor fuo ckhmmu alcufkoh, pofo ?5 Batbnlr, woruhm woruhm clrlao, sucnlr plhmdkfupoh clrlao, fkdohguraoh. Fucohk fkrlaoc soot clckhto cooe pofo poro plhfufua flso aorlho clhmmohmmu alocohoh cosyoroaot.7>
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C
Poro plhjojod Nliohfo clhmohmmop proatka
nohyoa hkiok cbroi yohm nlrosoi fork poro
trohsmlhflr slrto btbhbck yohm fkhkacotk
plhmuoso abibhkoi. Foioc prbsls —ochlsko
ucuchyo bild plrlcpuoh slnomok ’nuatk–
posgoabibhkoi‛, clrlao clhmonokaoh proatka-
flmrofosk cbroi plhfufua prknuck foh
proatka trohsmlhflr foh btbhbck plrlcpuoh
aorlhohyo clrlao clilmktkcosk ’cksk
yohm tliod ofo slnliuchyo foh clhlcpotaoh
clcplrofonaoh– clrlao. Poro plckcpkh
slnuod skstlc potrkoraot foh dltlrbhbrcotke
posgoabibhkoi Khfbhlsko slcnork clhglio
slnomok yohm —slioiu foh tliod ofo‛ o fo‛.77
abibhkoikscl tliod puio clhlrkco
l r o y o p
K a d t k s o r D o a O s o s k C o h u s k o
7> dttp://khfbprbmrlss.gbc/>0?/ /khfbprbmrlss.gbc/>0?/forkhb-fucohk-aksod-gkhto-yo forkhb-fucohk-aksod-gkhto-yohm-fknuhud2 hm-fknuhud2 Fkoasls >6 Johuork >0?5. 77 Wosako L. ]kl ]klrkhmo rkhmo >00; Pbstgbibhkoi Ochlsko: Wlxuoi Cbroi Pohkgs, Clcbry ohf Kcplrkoi Pbwlr . Foioc: Mkinlrt Dlrft, lf. Cbroi Pohkgs, Wlx Pohkgs1 Elor ohf tdl Ekmdt bvlr Wlxuoi ^kmdts . Hlw [bra: Hlw [bra \hkvlrskty Prlss. doiocoh >076.
>4
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
Duauc Khtlrhoskbhoi
C
l r o y o p
D u a u c K h t l r h o s k b h o i
Nomkoh khk clhmurokaoh plhkiokoh-plhkiokoh tlrdofop plrjohjkoh khtlrhoskbhoi foh khstruclh duauc slplrtk Flaiorosk Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Doa Ososk Cohusko foh Abhvlhsk Plhmdopusoh Wlmoio Nlhtua Fksarkckhosk Vlr Vlrdofop dofop Plrlcpuoh, yohm clhlmosaoh doa euhfoclhtoi sliurud ucot cohusko, tlrcosua fk foiochyo aouc plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNVK_. Plrjohjkoh-plrjohjkoh Plrjohjkoh-plrjohjkoh tlrslnut dorusiod fktootk bild uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi Khfbhlsko, foh tlhtu sojo bild plroturoh folrod fk Khfbhlsko.
Plcltooh Khstruclh
Osos-osos hbh-fksarkckhosk fkplralhoiaoh foioc Flaiorosk \hkvlrsoi tlhtohm Doa Ososk
Duauc Khtlrhoskbhoi uhtua Clcojuaoh Doa Plrlcpuoh foh IMNVK_
Cohusko (\FD^1 \hkvlrsoi Flgiorotkbh be
Khstruclh duauc khtlrhoskbhoi
Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbhvlhtkbh bh Gkvki ohf Pbiktkgoi
clhmmorksnowodk alwojknoh Khfbhlsko
^kmdts), Abhvlhsk plhmdopusoh slmoio nlhtua
uhtua clhmdbrcotk sliurud doa wormo
Fksarkckhosk tlrdofop Plrlcpuoh (GLFO]1 (GLFO]1
hlmoro omor nlnos fork fksarkckhosk slrto
Gbhvlhskbh bh Likckhotkbh be Oii Ebrcs be
clhfuauhm plrsocooh fk dofopoh duauc
Fksgrkckhotkbh omokhst ]bclh), ]bclh), Abhvlhsk
foh alsltorooh otos plrikhfuhmoh duauc.
Doa Labhbck, Wbskoi foh Nufoyo (KGLWG^1
Fosor-fosor iorohmoh uhtua clhfksarkckhosk
Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbvlhoht bh Lgbhbckg, Wbgkoi
tlrcosua otos fosor —jlhks aliockh‛ foh
ohf Guituroi ^kmdts), Abhvlhsk Khtlrhoskbhoi
Ducoh ^kmdts) slrto Abvlhoh Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Doa Wkpki foh Pbiktka (KGGP^:
76
—stotus iokhhyo‛. 76 \htua fksausk ilnkd ilhmaop ikdot iopbroh Osko Pogkg Ebruc >0?0.
clhmlhok Doa Ohoa (G^G1 Khtlrhotkbhoi
>;
Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl ^kmdts be tdl Gdkif),
iorohmoh otou prlelrlhsk nlrfosoraoh
foh Abhvlhsk Clhlhtohm Plhykasooh (GOV1 (GOV1
slnuod foetor pohjohm nlrksk rohod-rohod
Gbhvlhtkbh Omokhst Vbrturl) yohm slcuohyo
tlriorohm, uhtua tujuoh otou lela clhkofoaoh
tliod fkrotkaosk bild plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko.
otou clrusoa plhmoauoh, alhkacotoh otou plioasohooh bild slcuo brohm, foioc slnuod
Doa-doa yohm tlraokt flhmoh plrsocooh fk dofopoh duauc slrto alsltorooh
alfufuaoh yohm slflrojot, uhtua sliurud doa foh alnlnosoh.75). Fksarkckhosk fkpodock
nlraucpui, clhkaod foh clcnlhtua
slnomok sltkop plcnlfooh, plhmlguoikoh,
aliuormo, slrto portkskposk foioc pbiktka.
Foetor nlrkaut clhmkflhtkaosk Posoi-Posoi utoco yohm clhjockh alsltorooh doa sliurud wormo hlmoro foh alwojknoh Hlmoro uhtua clhglmod fksarkckhosk.
Posoi >5 ohf Posoi >, 7, =, ;, ?6, ?=, ?4, ?;, >>, >6, >5 KGGP^ (?;55) Posoi > G^G (?;4;) Posoi ? GOV (?;46) Posoi >,?0, ??, ?>, ?7 GLFO] (?;=;) Posoi >, 7, =, ?>, ?7, ?6 KGLWG^ (?;55) Abhvlhsk Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Plhmdopusoh Wlmoio Nlhtua Fksarkckhosk ^oskoi (KGL^F1 Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl Likckhotkbh be Oii Ebrcs be ^ogkoi Fksgrkckhotkbh, ?;50?< fuo nlios nofoh fk
foh slgoro nlnos slrto nlrtohmmuhm
nowod PNN clhylruaoh hlmoro-hlmoro uhtua
jowon foioc clcutusaoh doi-doi yohm
nlrtkhfoa tlmos foioc clhmoadkrk alalrosoh
nlralhooh flhmoh slasuoiktos clrlao tohpo
foh fksarkckhosk tlrdofop alibcpba IMNV. IMNV.
poasooh, fksarkckhosk foh alalrosoh.
Plrhyotooh tlrslnut clhgotot nodwo almomoioh uhtua clhlmoaaoh doa ososk
Omor Hlmoro fopot clhjockh doa tohpo
alibcpba IMNV slrto almomoioh clikhfuhmk
ofohyo fksarkckhosk foioc nlhtua opo puh,
clrlao fork nlrnomok nlhtua plrioauoh aljoc
Hlmoro plrtoco-toco dorus clcostkaoh
slplrtk alalrosoh foh uhfohm-uhfohm slrto
nodwo Abhstktuskhyo, duauc slrto
proatka-proatka fksarkckhotke, clrupoaoh
fbauclh-fbauclh tlhtohm alnkjoaohhyo tkfoa clhfksarkckhosk otos fosor rohod-
pliohmmoroh slrkus tlrdofop duauc doa ososk cohusko khtlrhoskbhoi foh nlrfocpoa
rohod tlriorohm. Alfuo, Hlmoro dorus
iuos pofo cosyoroaot‖clhylnonaoh
clioauaoh upoyo yohm fkplriuaoh uhtua
clhkhmaothyo alrlhtohoh tlrdofop plhyoakt
clhglmod, clhmurohmk slrto clhmdopus
tlrcosua khelask DKU, plhmugkioh sbskoi foh
abhfksk slrto skaop yohm clhylnonaoh
labhbck, clhylnonaoh altlmohmoh foioc
otou cliohmmlhmaoh fksarkckhosk. Hlmoro
aliuormo foh cosyoroaot, slrto nlrfocpoa
fopot clioauaoh upoyo adusus uhtua
hlmotke tlrdofop plrtucnudoh labhbck,
clilcodaoh otou clhlaoh abhfksk-abhfksk
plalrjooh yohm ioyoa slrto alcojuoh
yohm cliohmmlhmaoh fksarkckhosk.75
uhtua clhgopok Vujuoh Plcnohmuhoh Nlralskhocnuhmoh fk coso yohm oaoh fotohm.
Wlgoro adusus, Abcktl Doa Ososk Cohusko
Plhohfotohmohoh fbauclh khk fkioauaoh
PNN (D^G1 \hktlf Hotkbh Ducoh ^kmdts
ohtoro iokh bild Foho Alplhfufuaoh PNN
Gbcckttll) yohm fktumosaoh uhtua
(\HEPO1 \hktlf Hotkbhs Pbpuiotkbh Euhf).
clhoeskraoh KGGP^ clhyotoaoh nodwo doa
Oaoh tltopk, nlriowohoh flhmoh plrhyotooh
otos alsltorooh cliorohm fksarkckhosk foioc
khk, \HEPO fk Khfbhlsko clhfuauhm
duauc, otou slgoro eoatuoi, fksarkckhosk
Alclhtlrkoh Plcnlrfoyooh Plrlcpuoh
foioc sltkop nkfohm yohm fkotur slrto
foh Plrikhfuhmoh Ohoa Khfbhlsko, foh
fkikhfuhmk bild btbrktos punika, foh Hlmoro
nlrabhtrknusk pofo prbmroc dltlrbhbrcotke
dorus clhjockh nodwo sltkop brohm
foh fksarkckhosk mlhflr slrto abhslp mlhflr
clcpuhyok plrikhfuhmoh yohm sltoro foh
dorcbhk yohm fkusuhmhyo. Ikdot Iocpkroh ?
lelatke fork fksarkckhosk foioc sltkop rohod
plcohmau alplhtkhmoh.74
75 Abcktl Doa Ososk Cohusko Abclhtor \cuc Hb. ?4. Abcktl Doa Ososk Coh Cohusko, usko, Abclhtor \cuc Hb. 7?. Abcktl uhtua Doa Labhb Labhbck, ck, Wbskoi foh Nufoyo, Abclhtor \cuc Hb. >0. 7= Abcktl Doa Ososk Cohusko , Abclhtor \cuc Hb. ?4: Hbhfksarkckhosk Hbhfksarkckhosk (Posoi ?>). Ikdot jumo iopbroh Ebruc Osko Poska >0?0. >0?0. 74 Ikdot Wosa Wosako ko L. ]klrkhmo >0?7 hr ? doiocoh =.
7?
\hfohm-uhfohm
A r k c k h o i k s o
Hoskbhoi Foioc nomkoh khk alrohmao duauc hoskbhoi Khfbhlsko clhmlhok doa plrlcpuoh foh IMNVK_, kflhtktos mlhflr foh brklhtosk slasuoi, oaoh fksojkaoh slnomokcoho tlrfopot foioc Abhstktusk, A\DP A\DP,, A\D Plrfoto, \hfohm-uhfohm
Plraowkhoh ?;=6, \hfohm-uhfohm Pbrhbmro >004, \hfohmuhfohm Ofckhkstrosk Alplhfufuaoh >005, \hfohm-uhfohm Alsldotoh >00; slrto plroturoh-plr plroturoh-plroturoh oturoh hoskbhoi yohm rlilvoh, ohtoro iokh yohm clhmotur tlhtohm ofbpsk
(Hb. 00=), plhgototoh skpki (Hb. >004), alsldotoh pskaks foh alsljodtlro alsljodtlrooh, oh, tlrcosua plroturoh toduh >0?7 clhmlhok jonotoh plmowok hlmlrk skpki (Plhmofkioh-00?/G.6/ Gp>/0;/>0?7).
Wlclhtoro ohoiksks clhyliurud clhmlhok
hoskbhoi, foh tkfoa nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh
sliurud uhfohm-uhfohm foh plroturoh
goro opo puh jumo. Clrupoaoh alwojknoh
pofo tkhmaot hoskbhoi nlralhooh mlhflr,
Codaocod Abhstktusk foh Codaocod
slas foh slasuoiktos nlrofo fk iuor ikhmaup
Omuhm slrto poro plckcpkh Khfbhlsko uhtua
iopbroh khk, nlrkaut khk ofoiod pbkh-pbkh
clcostkaoh nodwo plroturoh folrod sljoioh
rlelrlhsk tlrplhtkhm uhtua clhmohoiksks
flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi, foh jkao
plroturoh folrod fk prbvkhsk, yohm clrupoaoh
tkfoa, plroturoh folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh
ebaus iopbroh khk. Plhtkhm nomk akto uhtua
dorusiod fktbioa foh fkocohflclh omor
clhmltoduk nodwo sliurud plroturoh folrod dorusiod slsuok flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm
slsuok flhmoh stohfor yohm fktltopaoh Abhstktusk Khfbhlsko slrto A\DP foh A\DPlr.
s k C l r o y o p
\ h f o h m u h f o h m H o s k b h o i
7>
Abhstktusk Khfbhlsko7; A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
\ h f o h m u h f o h m H o s k b h o i
doahyo slgoro abilatke uhtua clcnohmuh cosyoroaot, nohmso foh hlmorohyo.
\\F ?;6< yohm clrupoaoh Abhstktusk Khfbhlsko tlrfkrk fork ?5 Non foh 7= Posoi
Posoi >4F: (?) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa otos
yohm fk foiochyo tlrfopot sotu non
plhmoauoh, jockhoh, plrikhfuhmoh, foh
clhmlhok doa ososk cohusko yohm fkurokaoh clhjofk 60 altlhtuoh. Abhstktusk Khfbhlsko
alpostkoh duauc yohm ofki slrto plrioauoh yohm soco fk dofopoh duauc1 (>) Wltkop brohm
clrupoaoh stohfor yohm dorus fkplhudk
nlrdoa uhtua nlalrjo slrto clhfopot kcnoioh
bild uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi slrto
foh plrioauoh yohm ofki foh ioyoa foioc
plroturoh folrod. Altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh
dunuhmoh alrjo1 (7) Wltkop wormo hlmoro
tlrplhtkhm nlralhooh flhmoh IMNVK_
nlrdoa clcplrbild alslcpotoh yohm soco
foh plrlcpuoh ofoiod slnomok nlrkaut.
foioc plclrkhtodoh1 (6) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa otos stotus alwormohlmorooh.
Posoi >=: (?) Wlmoio wormo hlmoro nlrsocooh
alfufuaohhyo fk foioc duauc foh
Posoi >4D: (?) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa dkfup
plclrkhtodoh foh wojkn clhjuhjuhm duauc
sljodtlro iodkr foh notkh, nlrtlcpot tkhmmoi,
foh plclrkhtodoh ktu flhmoh tkfoa ofo
foh clhfopotaoh ikhmauhmoh dkfup yohm
alguoikhyo1 (>) Vkop-tkop wormo hlmoro nlrdoa otos plalrjooh foh plhmdkfupoh yohm ioyoa
noka foh sldot slrto nlrdoa clcplrbild plioyohoh alsldotoh1 (>) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa
nomk alcohuskooh1 (7) Wltkop wormo hlmoro
clhfopot alcufodoh foh plrioauoh adusus
nlrdoa foh wojkn kaut slrto foioc upoyo
uhtua clcplrbild alslcpotoh foh coheoot
plcnliooh hlmoro.
yohm soco muho clhgopok plrsocooh foh alofkioh1 (7) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa otos jockhoh
Posoi >4N: (?) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa clcnlhtua
sbskoi yohm clcuhmakhaoh plhmlcnohmoh
aliuormo foh cliohjutaoh alturuhoh clioiuk
fkrkhyo slgoro utud slnomok cohusko yohm
plraowkhoh yohm sod1 (>) Wltkop ohoa nlrdoa
nlrcortonot1 (6) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa
otos aliohmsuhmoh dkfup, tucnud, foh
clcpuhyok doa ckika prknofk foh doa ckika
nlralcnohm slrto nlrdoa otos plrikhfuhmoh
tlrslnut tkfoa nbild fkocnki oikd slgoro
fork alalrosoh foh fksarkckhosk.
slwlhohm-wlhohm bild skopopuh.
Posoi >4G: (?) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa
Abhstktusk Khfbhlsko clrupoaoh stohfor yohm dorus fkplhudk bild uhfohmuhfohm hoskbhoi slrto plroturoh folrod.
clhmlcnohmaoh fkrk clioiuk plclhudoh alnutudoh fosorhyo, nlrdoa clhfopot plhfkfkaoh foh clcplrbild coheoot fork kicu plhmltoduoh foh tlahbibmk, slhk foh nufoyo, flck clhkhmaotaoh auoiktos dkfuphyo foh flck alsljodtlrooh ucot cohusko1 (>) Wltkop brohm nlrdoa uhtua
Flhmoh flckakoh, Abhstktusk Khfbhlsko
clcojuaoh fkrkhyo foioc clcplrjuohmaoh
clhyotoaoh nodwo sltkop brohm clckikak doa
7; Nodoso Khfbhlsko tkfoa clhmkhfkaoskaoh mlhflr uht uhtua ua aoto mohtk. Foioc vlrsk Nodoso Khmmrks, slgoro ucuc aock clrujua ao aoto to mohtk brohm altkmo tuhmmoi flhmoh dl-dks , alguoik jlios nodwo yohm fkcoasuf ofoiod plrlcpuoh. \htua clhlaohaoh hltroiktos mlhflr foioc plroturoh otou Posoi tlrtlhtu, tlraofohm aock clhmmuhoaoh sdl/dl , foh dkc/dlrslie .
77
uhtua dkfup, nlalrjo foh nlraliuormo. Ohoaohoa dorusiod tucnud tohpo alalrosoh foh fksarkckhosk. Cosyoroaot dorusiod cocpu clhkacotk coheoot alsldotoh, plhfkfkaoh,
\hfohm-uhfohm Hb. 7;/?;;; tlhtohm Doa Ososk Cohusko
tlahbibmk foh alnufoyooh. Alnlnosoh
Doa ososk cohusko yohm fkjockh foioc
nlrlasprlsk foh nlraucpui fkjockh, tlrcosua doa uhtua clhylnoraoh foh clhlrkco
Abhstktusk fkurokaoh puio foioc \\ Hb. 7;/?;;; tlhtohm Doa Ososk Cohusko. Foioc
khebrcosk, uhtua clhmlcnohmaoh fkrk slrto
uhfohm-uhfohm khk, doi-doi nlrkaut ofoiod
ikhmauhmoh sbskoi. ]ormo hlmoro clckikak doa
doa yohm tkfoa fopot fkgonut: doa uhtua
uhtua clckikd fbckskik clrlao foh dorusiod
dkfup, doa uhtua tkfoa fkskaso, alnlnosoh
ocoh fork skasooh otou ohgocoh plhkstooh.
nlrpkakr foh dotk hurohk, foh doa nlromoco. \hfohm-uhfohm khk clhjliosaoh doa ososk
Doa poikhm fosor yohm fkhyotoaoh foioc
cohusko slnomok nlrkaut: —Doa Ososk Cohusko
plrjohjkoh-plrjohjkoh doa ososk cohusko
ofoiod slplrohmaot doa yohm clilaot
khtlrhoskbhoi fk otos fkhyotoaoh puio foioc
pofo doakaot foh alnlrofooh cohusko
\\F ?;64J (>), yohm
flhmoh plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNVK_
clhyotoaoh:
ofo foioc Posoi 7, yohm clhyotoaoh: —Wltkop brohm nlrdoa otos plrikhfuhmoh
(>) Foioc clhjoiohaoh doa foh
doa ososk cohusko foh alnlnosoh
alnlnosohhyo, sltkop brohm wojkn tuhfua
fosor cohusko, tohpo fksarkckhosk .‛
alpofo plcnotosoh yohm fktltopaoh flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm flhmoh coasuf
Foioc \\F ?;6< otoupuh foioc \\ Hb.
slcoto-coto uhtua clhjockh plhmoauoh
7;/?;;; tlhtohm Doa Ososk Cohusko, tkfoa
slrto plhmdbrcotoh otos doa foh
ofo plhylnutoh splska oaoh iorohmoh
alnlnosoh brohm iokh foh uhtua clclhudk
clhmlhok fksarkckhosk otos mlhflr tlrcosua
tuhtutoh yohm ofki slsuok flhmoh
kflhtktos mlhflr, lasprlsk mlhflr slrto
plrtkcnohmoh cbroi, hkiok-hkiok omoco,
brklhtosk slasuoi. Vkc plrohgohm Ocohflclh
alocohoh, foh altlrtknoh ucuc foioc
\\F ?;6< clhbioa clhylrtoaoh aotlmbrk
suotu cosyoroaot flcbarotks.
khk alhfotk doi khk tliod fkcbdbhaoh bild Aboiksk Plrlcpuoh Khfbhlsko uhtua Alofkioh
Oyot khk slrkhm aoik fkmuhoaoh uhtua
foh Flcbarosk. Poro plrohgohm uhfohm-
clhjustkaosk plroturoh folrod
uhfohm nlrormuclh nodwo aotlmbrk uhtua
otou alnkjoaoh ohtk-IMNVK_, yohm clhylruaoh plriuhyo clikhfuhmk
plrikhfuhmoh oaoh tlrus nlrtocnod foh Abhstktusk tkfoa fopot tlrus-clhlrus fkunod.
—hkiok-hkiok rlikmkus otou cbroi‛.
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Akton \hfohm-uhfohm Duauc Pkfoho foh Akton \hfohm-uhfohm Duauc Plrfoto Khfbhlsko
akton uhfohm-uhfohm khk, ioak-ioak ofoiod alpoio rucod tohmmo, clhmlhfoikaoh doa ckika plrlcpuoh foh clwoakik plrlcpuoh slgoro duauc (Posoi ?0004 fksodaoh.
plhmlrtkoh nufoyo foh trofksk forkpofo slnomok alalrosoh tlrdofop plrlcpuoh
A\DP Khfbhlsko nlrosoi fork akton duauc
otou khsoh IMNVK_. Vkfoa ofo tlcpot nomk
pkfoho Nliohfo ]ltnbla voh Wtroerlgdt
plrlcpuoh, tlrilpos fork brklhtosk slasuoi
toduh ?44?, fktlropaoh fk Dkhfko Nliohfo
clrlao, uhtua clcpuhyok auoso otos tunud
toduh ?;?< (nlrfosor Abhkhaikja Nlsiukt Hb. Hb.
clrlao slhfkrk. Plrabsooh foioc rucod
77, Wtootsniof Hb. Hb. =7>) foh fksodaoh pofo ?
tohmmo clhurut flhkskhyo tkfoa fkalhoi
Johuork ?;?4. Akton khk fkofbpsk alcnoik sltliod alclrflaooh slnomok \\ Hb. ?/?;65. Dkhmmo
foioc akton uhfohm-uhfohm khk. Wlgoro ucuc fopot fkaotoaoh nodwo A\D Pkfoho
slaorohm kskhyo tltop foh tkfoa nlrunod,
tkfoa clhmohfuhm altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh
hocuh nlnlropo uhfohm-uhfohm adusus
splska yohm clikhfuhmk plrlcpuoh slrto
tliod fkofbpsk slsuok tlco, cksoihyo \\
alibcpba IMNVK_ fork fksarkckhosk.
tlhtohm Pbrhbmro, \\ tlhtohm Plhmdopusoh
Alalrosoh Foioc ^ucod Vohmmo (AF^V), \\ Ohtk Ohtk-Vroegakhm Vroegakhm foh foh altlhtuohaltlhtuoh ohtkonbrsk foioc \\ Alsldotoh. A\DP clhglrckhaoh kaikc potrkoraot fk Nliohfo soot ktu foh fkcoasufaoh uhtua clhmuaudaoh alauosooh abibhkoi. A\DP tkfoa plrhod fkofoptosk clhmkautk nlrnomok plroturoh khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm doa
Alalrosoh Alalrosoh slasuoi slplrtk plrabsooh,, plilgldoh slasuoi plrabsooh foh plrfomohmoh cohusko fkjonoraoh foioc plhmlrtkoh nufoyo foh trofksk trofksk forkpofo slnomok alalrosoh tlrdofop plrlcpuoh otou khsoh IMNVK_.
ososk cohusko, yohm tliod fkalcnohmaoh
Noka A\D Pkfoho otoupuh A\D Plrfoto
slrto fkrotkaosk bild Khfbhlsko.
tkfoa clhmohfuhm posoi-posoi tlhtohm
Krbhkshyo, clsak coso abibhkoi fkpohfohm
khtlmrktos tunud, alprknofkoh, alsltorooh
slnomok slnuod coso almliopoh foioc
mlhflr foh alromocoh slasuoi. Flhmoh
sljorod Khfbhlsko, duauc plhkhmmoioh
flckakoh, alfuohyo tkfoa sljoioh
abibhkoi slnomkoh nlsor tltop utud.
flhmoh osos-osos yohm fktlrkco slgoro khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm doa plrlcpuoh,
Wlrupo flhmoh ktu, Akton Plrfoto Nliohfo
doa slasuoi foh doa ososk cohusko.
toduh ?464 clrupoaoh fosor nomk A\D Plrfoto Khfbhlsko yohm nlrioau lelatke fk
Alhfotk rlvksk A\D Pkfoho soot khk clhjofk
Dkhfko Nliohfo pofo toduh ?;?5. Foioc
plrflnotoh fk Flwoh Plrwoakioh ^oayot
7<
(FP^), rohgohmoh noru uhfohm-uhfohm
otou posohmoh, nodaoh dkhmmo dork khk
A\DP khk clhmuiohm abhslp cbroiktos doski
coskd suikt nomk clrlao uhtua clhuhtut
ofbpsk coso abibhkoi. ^ohgohmoh uhfohm-
alofkioh otos alalrosoh slcogoc ktu.
uhfohm (^\\) tlrslnut clhmuaudaoh abhslp plrkioau ocbroi slnomok justkaosk uhtua
Wlgoro ucuc fopot
clhmarkckhoiksosk dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor plrhkaodoh, noka bild posohmoh yohm aowkh
fkaotoaoh nodwo A\D Pkfoho tkfoa clhmohfuhm altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh splska yohm clikhfuhmk plrlcpuoh slrto alibcpba IMNVK_ fork fksarkckhosk.
otou tkfoa aowkh (Posoi 6?; foh 6>0). Foioc Posoi 6>>, abdonktosk (aucpui alnb) fkiorohm. Doi khk lelatke clcnowo cosoiod-cosoiod yohm sljoud khk fkohmmop slnomok rohod prknofk al rohod punika. Foioc Posoi 6>0 foh 6>> ^\\ A\DP tlrslnut, fkhyotoaoh nodwo sotusotuhyo nlhtua duauc slasuoiktos ofoiod
Plrabsooh fkaioskaoskaoh slnomok —aljodotoh
clioiuk plraowkhoh dltlrbslasuoi. Abhslp khk
tlrdofop alsuskiooh‛ foh tlrnotos dohyo
fkfosoraoh pofo Oyot ? \\ Plraowkhoh toduh
alpofo plhltrosk plhks al foioc vomkho.
?;=6 yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo plraowkhoh
Aioskaosk khk clhkcnuiaoh nkos tlrdofop
koiod kaotoh iodkr notkh ohtoro slbrohm prko flhmoh slbrohm wohkto slnomok suock
plrlcpuoh, tlrcosua ilsnkoh, plrlcpuoh nkslasuoi, ioak-ioak foh plrlcpuoh
kstlrk flhmoh tujuoh clcnlhtua aliuormo
trohsmlhflr, slrto clhgkptoaoh slnuod
(rucod tohmmo) yohm nodomko foh alaoi
ruohm nomk nlrnomok plhoeskroh uhfohm-
nlrfosoraoh Altudohoh [ohm Codo Lso.
uhfohm yohm fk foiochyo cbroiktos ucuc ilnkd fkprkbrktosaoh forkpofo
Wlnliuc uhfohm-uhfohm yohm clcnodos
alsliocotoh slrto alofkioh nomk abrnoh.
alalrosoh rucod tohmmo foh ohtk plrfomohmoh cohusko fktltopaoh, plrlcpuoh
Wljoioh flhmoh Akton Duauc Pkfoho Nliohfo
dohyo fopot clcplrmuhoaoh A\DP uhtua
coso ktu, dunuhmoh dbcbslasuoi dohyo fopot
alalrosoh yohm fkioauaoh tlrdofop clrlao
fkpkfoho (Posoi >;>) jkao soiod sotu posohmoh
bild suock clrlao slplrtk glflro ska,
clrupoaoh ohoa fk nowod n owod ucur (fkflhkskaoh
plrgbnooh plcnuhudoh otou plcnuhudoh
nlrucur ?< toduh).60 Woot khk tkfoa ofo
oaknot erustrosk. Dohyo glflro ska yohm
iorohmoh dunuhmoh slas nomk brohm flwoso,
fkoauk, slplrtk plrgbnooh plcnuhudoh otou
noka dltlrbslasuoi otou dbcbslasuoi jkao
plcnuhudoh yohm momoi. Nlhtua-nlhtua
fkioauaoh otos plrsltujuoh plhud alfuo nliod
alalrosoh iokh yoktu slplrtk alalrosoh
pkdoa. Vkfoa ofo puio iorohmoh nomk plioguroh
vlrnoi, lcbskbhoi, pskaks otou plhliohtoroh
slrto arkckhoiksosk nomk plalrjo slas, hocuh
labhbck tkfoa fopot fkduauc fk nowod
cugkaork fopot fkduauc (Posoi >;5 foh
A\DP slnliuc \\ AF^V fkibibsaoh. Ohoa-
4? clhmlhok aljodotoh
ohoa otou brohm flwoso IMNVK_ tkfoa
tlrdofop alsuskiooh6? fopot fkmuhoaoh uhtua
fkikhfuhmk fork alalrosoh bild aliuormo
clhmarkckhoiksosk plioguroh foh alibcpba
60 IND OPKA Wlcorohm plrhod clcnlio slbrohm plrlcpuo plrlcpuoh h flwoso yohm clioauaoh dunuhmoh slas flhmoh slbrohm plrlcpuoh plrlcpuoh iokh yohm ilnkd cufo nlnlropo toduh forkhyo, foh coskd fk nowod ucur. Brohm tuo rlcojo putrk yohm nlrsohmautoh cliopbraoh plrlcpuoh yohm ilnkd tuo tlrslnut al pbiksk dkhmmo ko fktodoh foh clhmoiock alalrosoh ska foh pskaks yohm porod bild pbiksk. Ko fkpohfohm toa dohyo cliohmmor duauc hocuh jumo clhbfok cbroiktos sbskoi. Pogorhyo yohm coskd fk nowod ucur tlrslnut, putrk slbrohm fbatlr, fkakrkc al mlrljo uhtua —fknlrskdaoh‛.
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IMNVK_. Ilnkd iohjut, goro nomokcoho
Flhksk plrabsooh jumo fkplriuos foh tkfoa
cbroiktos fkflhkskaoh slrto plhlaohoh pofo
iomk slnotos plhltrosk plhks al foioc vomkho
plrhkaodoh dltlrbslasuoi slnomok sotu-
hocuh clikputk jumo nomkoh tunud iokh (slas
sotuhyo nlhtua duauc slasuoiktos ofoiod
broi, slas ohoi, slas clhmmuhoaoh nlhfo, foh
fosor nomk plroturoh plruhfohm-uhfohmoh
iokh-iokhhyo).
slrto plroturoh folrod yohm fksarkckhotke uhtua clhmarkckhoiksosk dunuhmoh slsoco
Foioc Posoi >44, yohm clhmotur plrabsooh
jlhks aliockh foh proatka slasuoi slsoco
foioc plraowkhoh slbrohm suock yohm
jlhks aliockh slnomok plrzkhooh, —pbrhboask‛,
fkaltoduk clioauaoh dunuhmoh slas
plilgldoh slasuoi otou prbstktusk, yohm
flhmoh slbrohm kstrk fk nowod ucur, yohm
slcuohyo fopot fkduauc fk nowod plroturoh
clhylnonaoh ko clroso soakt otou yohm
folrod yohm nlrnlfo.
nlroadkr flhmoh alcotkoh sohm kstrk, fopot fkduauc flhmoh duaucoh plhjoro
Pofo toduh >0?6 Prlskflh Khfbhlsko
cuiok lcpot dkhmmo fuo nlios toduh.
clhylrodaoh rohgohmoh A\DP yohm noru
Altlhtuoh khk fktujuaoh uhtua clhglmod
alpofo Flwoh Plrwoakioh ^oayot. ^ohgohmoh
plraowkhoh fkhk foh plraowkhoh poaso.
tlrslnut tliod fkrlvksk6> foh tlrus fkslsuokaoh sljoa ?;54 nlraot upoyo clibnk yohm mkmkd bild alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-alibcpba omoco morks mork s alros
Non TKU tlhtohm Aljodotoh Vlrdofop Vlrdofop Alsuskiooh, cuiok fork Posoi >4?-707,
yohm khmkh clcosuaaoh posoi-posoi clhmlhok
clhmotur tlhtohm nlrnomok plrnuotoh
duauc pkfoho Ksioc slrto clhmarkckhoiksosk
cuiok aljodotoh tlrdofop alsuskiooh ucuc
alibcpba IMNVK_.
dkhmmo pbrhbmro slrto onbrsk, plrjufkoh
foh alaljocoh tlrdofop nkhotohm. Wlnomok Pofo toduh >0?;> tlhtohm plrnuotoh gonui slsoco jlhks flhmoh ohoa-ohoa, notos ucur
Alnohyoaoh arktka tlrdofop non tlhtohm
fkhokaaoh clhjofk ?4 toduh omor sljoioh
Aljodotoh Vlrdofop Alsuskiooh fktujuaoh
flhmoh Abhvlhsk Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Doa
tlrdofop plhlcpotoh aljodotoh nlrnosks
Ohoa foh \\ Plrikhfuhmoh Ohoa toduh >0?6.
mlhflr fk rohod punika. Alnohyoaoh
Wlclhtoro, ucur sod nomk plrlcpuoh uhtua
alalrosoh tlrdofop plrlcpuoh dltlrbslasuoi
clhkaod coskd tltop ?5 toduh, slnomokcoho
foh alibcpba IMNVK_, adusushyo rlcojo,
fkhyotoaoh foioc \\ Plraowkhoh ?;=6.
tkfoa tlrjofk fk rohod punika cliokhaoh
6? Fkohgoc flhmoh pkfoho plh plhjoro joro poikhm ioco fuo toduh fliopo fliopoh h nuioh otou pkfoho flhfo po poikhm ikhm nohyoa tkmo rknu ^upko ^upkod: d: (?) norohm skopo flhmoh sl slhmojo hmojo foh tlrnuao cliohmmor alsuskiooh1 (>) norohm skopo flhmoh slhmojo cliohmmor alsuskiooh foh fk flpoh brohm iokh nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh aldlhfoahyo, cliohmmor alsuskiooh. 6> dttps: dttps:/ //kf.wkakplfko.brm/wk /kf.wkakplf ko.brm/wk ak/AktonR\ ak/AktonR\hfohm-u hfohm-uhfohmRDu hfohmRDuaucRPkf aucRPkfoho oho
7=
fk rohod prknofk. Jumo, alalrosoh yohm
ohtoro cojkaoh flhmoh plalrjo foioc rucod
tlrjofk tkfoa dohyo slgoro ska cliokhaoh,
tohmmo, cksoihyo plalrjo rucod tohmmo (P^V),
ogop aoik, nlrskeot pskaks foh glhflruhm
noka plrlcpuoh foh ioak-ioak. Plraowkhoh
fktujuaoh tlrdofop khtlmrktos tunud foh
nowod tohmoh jumo fkslrtoaoh foioc flhksk
btbhbck otos tunud aouc plrlcpuoh foh
rucod tohmmo. Plrabsooh foioc rucod tohmmo
alibcpba IMNVK_. A\DP tkfoa clhylnutaoh alalrosoh foioc ikhmaup prknofk otou
fkslrtoaoh slnomok alalrosoh foh abrnoh fkpohfohm slnomok soask auhgk dkhmmo dohyo
alalrosoh hbh-ska yohm slnlhorhyo tkfoa
nutud sotu oiot nuatk iokh uhtua clcnuatkaoh
aoiod nlrnodoyo foh clhglioaoaoh.
tlrjofkhyo alalrosoh foioc rucod tohmmo.
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Flhksk alalrosoh foioc \\ AF^V clikputk
\hfohm-uhfohm Hb. >7/>006 tlhtohm Alalrosoh Foioc ^ucod Vohmmo (AF^V)
alalrosoh vlrnoi, ska, pskaks foh labhbck
(tlrcosua tkfoa clcnlrk hoeaod otou cliorohm kstrk nlalrjo). Abrnoh AF^V fkpohfohm slnomok soask auhgk pofo soot clrlao cliopbraoh alalrosoh yohm clrlao oiock dkhmmo dohyo fknutudaoh sotu oiot nuatk
Vlrfopot nlrnomok doi prbmrlske foioc uhfohm-uhfohm khk fknohfkhm flhmoh
iokhhyo uhtua clcnuatkaoh tlrjofkhyo AF^V tlrslnut. Plrabsooh foioc rucod tohmmo,
A\DP.. \htua plrtoco aoikhyo foioc sljorod A\DP
clsak tkfoa fkslnutaoh slgoro laspikskt, fopot
plroturoh duauc fk Khfbhlsko tlrfopot
fkpohfohm slnomok —alalrosoh ska.‛ ska.‛ Hocuh,
kstkiod-kstkiod (foioc Posoi 7) yohm fkfosoraoh
pofo alhyotoohhyo, oaknot tlaohoh sbskoi
pofo osos-osos nlrkaut: (?) plhmdormooh pofo
pofo plrlcpuoh uhtua slhohtkoso —clioyohk‛
doa ososk cohusko1 (>) alofkioh foh alsltorooh
suockhyo, dohyo slmlikhtkr plrlcpuoh
mlhflr1 (7) osos hbhfksarkckhosk foh (6)
cliopbraoh plrabsooh foioc rucod tohmmo.
plrikhfuhmoh tlrdofop abrnoh.67 Pofo fosorhyo, alibcpba IMNVK_ fopot \\ AF^V clckikak nodoso mlhflr yohm
puio clhmmuhoaoh \\ AF^V soot clrlao
hltroi sldkhmmo slgoro prkhskp, uhfohm-
clhmoiock alalrosoh bild aliuormo. ^lcojo
uhfohm khk fopot puio fktlropaoh alpofo
putrk yohm fkpoaso clhkaod otou fkplrabso
abrnoh ioak-ioak foh ohoa ioak-ioak (tlrcosua
bild ohmmbto aliuormo uhtua —cliurusaoh
yohm moy) slrto alpofo trohsmlhflr
clrlao alcnoik‛ slgoro tlahks jumo fkikhfuhmk
ioak-ioak clhjofk plrlcpuoh (worko)
bild uhfohm-uhfohm khk. Doi yohm soco
foh plrlcpuoh clhjofk ioak-ioak.
nlrioau nomk ohoa ioak-ioak yohm fkduauc oaknot tkfoa clhmkautk oturoh-oturoh mlhflr
\hfohm-uhfohm khk clhmmuhoaoh
yohm tliod fkslpoaotk.
plhflaotoh aliuormo, flhmoh flhksk iuos
tlhtohm —rucod tohmmo.‛ \hfohm-uhfohm khk clhjohmaou kaotoh plraowkhoh slrto kaotoh
67 \htua fksausk ilnkd iohjut clhmlhok \\ Hb. >7/>006 tlhto tlhtohm hm AF^V foh \\ Plraowkhoh ?;=6, ikdot Hursyodnohk Hursyodnohk Aotjosuhmaoho >0?7. Vdl Khfbhlskoh Eockiy os o Gbhtlstlf Wktl be ]bclh‛s ^kmdts: Kcpilclhto Kcpilclhtotkbh tkbh be tdl Fbclstkg Ukbilhgl Ogt foioc foioc Cozhod Cudoccof foh Wosako L . ]klrkhmo lf. Eockiy Ocnkmukty ohf Fbclstkg Ukbilhgl Ukbilhgl kh Osko : Gbhg Gbhglpt, lpt, Iow ohf Prbglss , Wusslx Ogoflckg Prlss. Doiocoh ?5;-?;>.
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Flhksk alalrosoh foioc \\ AF^V clikputk alalrosoh vlrnoi, ska, pskaks foh labhbck (tlrcosua tkfoa
fk cuao ucuc, yohm clcuot algonuioh
clcnlrk hoeaod otou cliorohm kstrk nlalrjo).
ucuc dkhmmo fopot clhylnonaoh iuoshyo plhoeskroh yohm nlrnlfo, clhgkptoaoh
otou laspibktosk slasuoi yohm cliohmmor hbrco alsuskiooh foioc cosyoroaot. Flhksk khk nlrskeot socor foh sohmot
altkfoapostkoh duauc. \hfohm-uhfohm khk Nomokcohopuh pofo alhyotoohhyo, docpkr
jumo cliorohm —plcnuotoh, plhylnoroh otou
custodki nomk ohoa-ohoa uhtua clhmlaspbs
plhykoroh pbrhbmro yohm clhmohfuhm
alalrosoh tlrslnut. ^oso coiu foh plrosoooh
dunuhmoh slas clhykcpohm‛, flhmoh flhksk
nlrsoiod, slrto tlaohoh auot fork aliuormo
tlrcosua clcosuaaoh dunuhmoh slas
clhmdoiohmk iohmaod clrlao. Jumo, pofo
ilsnkoh foh moy al foiochyo. [ohm slgoro
fosorhyo, \\ AF^V nlrioau uhtua alalrosoh
adusus clhmmohmmu ofoiod nodwo —ohmmbto
foioc dunuhmoh sljlhks hocuh roso coiu
cosyoroaot‛ fkuhfohm uhtua clcokhaoh
clhglmod alibcpba IMNVK_ cliopbraoh
plrohoh foioc clhlmoaaoh duauc. Khk
alalrosoh yohm clrlao oiock fork posohmoh
clrupoaoh uhfohmoh tlrnuao uhtua tkhfoaoh
sljlhks clrlao.
cokh doakc slhfkrk bild alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-alibcpba soyop aohoh.
\hfohm-uhfohm Hb. 66/>004 tlhtohm Pbrhbmroe
\htua plrtoco aoikhyo kstkiod —plrslhmmocooh
\\ tlhtohm Pbrhbmro >004 clrupoaoh
clcprbfuask, clcnuot, clcplrnohyoa,
uhfohm-uhfohm Khfbhlsko plrtoco
clhmmohfoaoh, clhylnoriuosaoh,
yohm clhmohfuhm slnuod posoi yohm
clhykoraoh, clhmkcpbr, clhmlaspbr,
clhmarkckhoiksosk proatka dunuhmoh slas
clhoworaoh, clcplrjuoinlikaoh,
sljlhks. Wlnuod plroturoh clhmlhok iorohmoh
clhylwoaoh, otou clhylfkoaoh pbrhbmro
pbrhbmro tliod cuhgui foioc non tlhtohm
yohm slgoro laspikskt clcuot: (?)
Aljodotoh Vlrdofop Alsuskiooh fk A\DP
plrslhmmocooh, tlrcosua plrslhmmocooh
(Posoi >4> foh >47). Doi khk fklionbrosk
yohm clhykcpohm1 (>) alalrosoh slasuoi1 (7)
foioc \\ Hb. 66/>004 tlhtohm Pbrhbmro.
costurnosk otou bhohk1 (6) altliohjohmoh otou
^\\ khk fkibibsaoh bild FP^ sltliod
tocpkioh yohm clhmlsohaoh altliohjohmoh1
plrflnotoh pohjohm foh clcplrbild
(00; Codaocod Abhstktusk
clhmunod stotus plrlcpuoh slnomokcoho
nlrskfohm uhtua clclrkaso plrcbdbhoh
yohm fktltopaoh foioc A\D Plrfoto, slrto
plhkhjouoh alcnoik yohm fkojuaoh bild
clcnlrk slnuod plhoeskroh noru tlrdofop
alibcpba plrlcpuoh slrto brmohksosk
ojoroh Ksioc. Plraowkhoh dohyo fkohmmop
plcnlio doa ososk cohusko (tlrcosua IND
sod slgoro duauc jkao fkioauaoh clhurut
OPKA), jumo alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-alibcpba nlrnosks
coskhm-coskhm omoco foh alplrgoyoohhyo
omoco foh cosyoroaot, fkfuauhm bild
ktu (Posoi >). Doi khk fkplrauot bild Abcpkiosk
nohyoa oatkvks (tlrcosua oatkvks IMNVK_) foh
Duauc Ksioc (ADK) Hb. ? toduh ?;4? (Posoi
slhkcoh tlralcuao. Clrlao nlrormuclh
5), yohm clhocnodaoh nodwo Nuau Hkaod
nodwo \\ Pbrhbmro tkfoa clhmdbrcotk iuoshyo alromocoh nufoyo, omoco foh ofot fk
ofoiod sotu-sotuhyo nuatk sod plraowkhoh yohm fopot fktlrkco. Alaurohmoh uhfohm-
Khfbhlsko, tlrcosua slhk tork foh froco, puksk
uhfohm khk tkfoa slgoro adusus clhmkzkhaoh
slrto ofot slplrtk gbhtbdhyo ioak-ioak foh
plraowkhoh nlfo omoco. Foioc Posoi > (?)
plrlcpuoh cohfk nlrsoco, foh nodwo \\
fkslnutaoh nodwo brohm fopot clhkaod
tlrslnut cliohmmor alnlnosoh nlrlasprlsk
slsuok flhmoh omocohyo. Fk foioc Ksioc,
slrto doa abhstktuskbhoi iokhhyo, slplrtk doa
plrlcpuoh fkiorohm uhtua clhkaodk posohmoh
clhgork hoeaod (slnomok slhkcoh, plhork foh
yohm nlrnlfo omoco, slfohmaoh ioak-ioak
slnomokhyo). Fk ohtoro ormuclh-ormuclh
Cusikc fkplrnbildaoh.
yohm fkmuhoaoh clhfuauhm uhfohm-uhfohm yohm nlrsohmautoh ofoiod nodwo rlcojo
Alaurohmoh iokh fork \\ Plraowkhoh
rowoh clioauaoh plrnuotoh-plrnuotoh
khk ofoiod nodwo plraowkhoh slsoco
osuskio (tlrcosua plrabsooh dltlrbslasuoi
jlhks aliockh tkfoa fknbildaoh. Doi khk
foh sbfbck) sltliod clhbhtbh vkflb yohm
fkuiohmk foioc \\ Hb. >7/>005 tlhtohm
clcuot abhtlh yohm fkohmmop pbrhb.
Ofckhkstrosk Alplhfufuaoh yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo posohmoh sljlhks
Oadkrhyo Codaocod Abhstktusk Abhstktusk clhbioa
tkfoa fknbildaoh, slplrtk doihyo altkofooh
plrcbdbhoh plhkhjouoh alcnoik \\
plhmoauoh oaoh stotus trohsmlhflr.
fkcoasuf. \hfohm-uhfohm khk ofoiod gbhtbd cohkpuiosk foh rlao uiohm alnufoyooh
Plrhkaodoh jumo fkpohfohm foioc coaho
otos hoco ltkao ksiock yohm fkflhkskaoh
nlralturuhoh. Posoi ?0 \\ Hb. 7;/? 7 ;/?;;; ;;;
slgoro slcpkt, clhgkptoaoh pliuohm uhtua
tlhtohm Doa Ososk Cohusko clhyotoaoh:
clilgldaoh plrlcpuoh dltlrbslasuoi slrto
—Wltkop brohm nlrdoa clcnlhtua suotu
khsoh-khsoh hbh-hbrcotke.
aliuormo foh cliohjutaoh alturuhoh clioiuk plraowkhoh yohm sod‛.
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
\ h f o h m u h f o h m H o s k b h o i
60
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
\ h f o h m u h f o h m H o s k b h o i
Plroturoh Plclrkhtod Hb. 00= tlhtohm Ofbpsk, foh alcufkoh alcufkoh \\ Hb. 70?6 tlhtohm
clhyltujukhyo (Posoi ?47). Vkfoa ofo syorot foioc ADK uhtua clhgonut doa works nomk ohoa ioak-ioak otou ohoa plrlcpuoh IMNVK_.
tkfoa fknlhoraoh. Kzkh fork Plhmofkioh Omoco
\hfohm-uhfohm Hb. 75/>00; tlhtohm Alsldotoh
cutioa fkplriuaoh aorlho foioc ojoroh Ksioc,
\\ Alsldotoh >00; clrupoaoh slnuod
ohoa ohmaot tkfoa fkoauk. Foioc Posoi ?7 PP
ibhgotoh nlsor fknohfkhmaoh flhmoh
tlrslnut fk otos, fkotur nlnlropo syorot yohm
uhfohm-uhfohm slnliuchyo, yoahk \\
dorus fkplhudk goibh brohm tuo. Clrlao
Hb. >7/?;;> tlhtohm Alsldotoh, aorlho
dorusiod sldot foh slgoro labhbck cocpu
clhyucnohmaoh slnuod non adusus
uhtua clhoeaodk ohoa, foh clrlao dorus
tlhtohm alsldotoh rlprbfuask. Hocuh,
sufod clhkaod slaurohm-aurohmhyo ikco
\\ khk clhmkautk A\DP, yohm cliorohm
toduh. Nomk posohmoh slsoco jlhks aliockh,
onbrsk, alguoik jkao ofo khfkaosk clfks
slgoro tlmos fkiorohm clioauaoh ofbpsk.
nodwo alsldotoh knu foh ohoa tlrohgoc otou foioc doi aldockioh oaknot plrabsooh
Plrikhfuhmoh Ohoa Ofbpsk yohm fkioauaoh brohm tuo tuhmmoi
(Posoi =00< tlhtohm onbrsk, hocuh tltop clclriuaoh nuatk duauc nodwo slnuod
foioc Plhmofkioh Omoco. Aorlhohyo, nomk cosyoroaot Cusikc, tkfoa sojo \\ Hb. ?/?;=6
Vlrfopot Vlrf opot puio oyot-oyot iokh yohm
tlhtohm Plraowkhoh foh PP Hb. ;/?;=<
fksarkckhotke: plrlcpuoh docki yohm
nlrioau nomk clrlao, topk jumo Abcpkiosk
clclriuaoh onbrsk uhtua oiosoh clfks
Duauc Ksioc, slfohmaoh nomk hbh-cusikc
fksyorotaoh clhfopot kzkh suockhyo, foh
plhylilsokoh slhmalto plraowkhohhyo
aldockiohhyo tkfoa nbild ilnkd fork lhoc
fkputusaoh bild Plhmofkioh Hlmlrk. ADK
ckhmmu. Posoi == clhyotoaoh: —Plclrkhtod
jumo clhmotur tlhtohm worksoh. Posoi ?=5
wojkn clikhfuhmk foh clhglmod plrlcpuoh
clhyotoaoh: ’Ohoa plrlcpuoh nkio dohyo
fork onbrsk slnomokcoho fkcoasuf
slbrohm ko clhfopot slporbd nomkoh, nkio
foioc Posoi =< oyot (>) foh oyot (7) yohm
fuo brohm otou ilnkd clrlao nlrsoco-
tkfoa nlrcutu, tkfoa ocoh, foh tkfoa
soco clhfopot fuo plrtkmo nomkoh, foh
nlrtohmmuhm jowon slrto nlrtlhtohmoh
oponkio ohoa plrlcpuoh nlrsoco-soco
flhmoh hbrco omoco foh altlhtuoh
flhmoh ohoa ioak-ioak, coao nomkoh ohoa
plroturoh plruhfohm-uhfohmoh‛.
ioak-ioak ofoiod fuo nlrnohfkhm sotu flhmoh ohoa plrlcpuoh.– Fopot Fopot puio tlrjofk alslpoaotoh iokh clhmlhok worksoh (cksoihyo
Wlhofo flhmoh Posoi >4N (?) \\F ?;600; tlhtohm Alsldotoh slgoro
yohm tkfoa fkkhmkhaoh, otou alalrosoh slasuoi.
mocniohm clhyotoaoh nodwo aldkfupoh slasuoi foh rlprbfuask yohm sldot dohyo fopot fkhkacotk flhmoh ’posohmoh sod– foh tkfoa ’cliohmmor hkiok-hkiok omoco. omoco.–– Dltlrbhbrcotktos fkonofkaoh foioc uhfohm-uhfohm khk foh omoco fkcosuaaoh foioc doi-doi yohm nlralhooh flhmoh alsldotoh foh rlprbfuask. Wlnomok tocnodoh, clhurut uhfohm-uhfohm khk tkfoa tlrslfko ioyohoh alsldotoh slasuoi otou alsldotoh rlprbfuask nomk poro posohmoh, tlrcosua posohmoh yohm clckikak ohoa,
Ioyohoh alsldotoh slasuoi tlrnotos dohyo pofo almkotoh dltlrbslasuoi foh tkfoa foioc dunuhmoh slsoco jlhks aliockh, yohm aorlhohyo clhbioa oasls uhtua brohm flwoso foh rlcojo IMNVK_ slrto posohmoh dltlrbslasuoi yohm tkfoa clhkaod.
jkao clrlao tkfoa clhkaod slgoro rlsck. Clhurut Posoi => foh =4 \\ Alsldotoh, Alibcpba IMNVK_ jumo tlrplhmorud bild
oasls alpofo ioyohoh slasuoi foh rlprbfuask
altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh fksarkckhotke foioc \\ Alsldotoh aorlho alnohyoaoh fork
dohyo fknlrkaoh alpofo posohmoh sod foh posohmoh —usko sunur.‛ sunur.‛ Foioc proatkahyo khk
clrlao tkfoa nlrofo foioc plraowkhoh
nlrortk nodwo dohyo posohmoh yohm clhkaod
dltlrbslasuoi yohm fkoauk slgoro sod. Ilnkd
slgoro sodiod yohm fopot clhmoasls ioyohoh
iohjut, ioyohoh alsldotoh slasuoi tlrnotos
alsldotoh rlprbfuask otou aikhka-aikhka
dohyo pofo almkotoh dltlrbslasuoi foh
aliuormo nlrlhgoho. Khk fkplrauot foioc
tkfoa foioc dunuhmoh slsoco jlhks aliockh,
\\ Hb. />00; tlhtohm Plralcnohmoh
yohm aorlhohyo clhbioa oasls uhtua
Alplhfufuaoh foh Plcnohmuhoh Aliuormo,
brohm flwoso foh rlcojo IMNVK_ slrto
yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo doa rlprbfuask foh
posohmoh dltlrbslasuoi yohm tkfoa aowkh.
alputusoh clhmlhok aliuormo nlrlhgoho
Ilsnkoh foh plrlcpuoh nkslasuoi abrnoh
fkcoasufaoh uhtua posohmoh yohm clhkaod
plrabsooh foh clhmoiock aldockioh yohm
slgoro sod. Khk nlrortk nodwo plrhkaodoh
tkfoa fkaldlhfoak otou clrlao yohm fkpoaso
ofoiod sotu-sotuhyo goro uhtua clcplrbild
aowkh slgoro dltlrbslasuoi yohm cliknotaoh
alturuhoh yohm sod (Posoi 6> \\ Plraowkhoh
plrabsooh foioc plraowkhoh flhmoh oaknot
?;=6). Altlhtuoh khk fopot foh sufod
aldockioh yohm tkfoa fkaldlhfoak jumo
fkmuhoaoh slnomok oiot nomk proaorso slrto
clhmoiock focpoa nurua fork lilclh-
aocpohyl ohtk-IMNVK_. ohtk-IMNVK_.
lilclh dltlrbhbrcotke foioc \\ Alsldotoh, tlrcosua altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh plcnotosoh
Foioc slnuod fbauclh alnkjoaoh yohm
onbrsk. Ilnkd iohjut iomk, flhmoh tkfoa ofohyo
fkpunikaoskaoh pofo toduh >0?6 (PP Hb.
ioyohoh alsldotoh yohm slhsktke INV otou
5?/>0?6), dunuhmoh slasuoi yohm sldot
ioyohoh alsldotoh slasuoi, rlcojo slrto
fkflhkskaoh slnomok: o) tlrnlnos fork khelask
brohm flwoso INV nodaoh tkfoa clckikak
clhuior slasuoi1 n) tlrnlnos fork fkseuhmsk
alslcpotoh uhtua nlrabhsuitosk flhmoh poro tlhomo odik alsldotoh, tlrcosua abhslibr, abhslibr,
foh mohmmuoh brklhtosk slasuoi1 ...foh l) slsuok flhmoh ltkao foh cbroiktos (Posoi
clhmlhok pkikdoh clrlao uhtua clhmdofopk
>5 (>)). ^lhtohm PP clhmlhok alsldotoh
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
\ h f o h m u h f o h m H o s k b h o i
6>
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
rlprbfuask khk fknotosk pofo alsldotoh
Vlraokt flhmoh cosoiod clhflsoa khk, IND
knu, khfkaosk clfks forurot foh plrabsooh
OPKA Joaorto foh Ochlstk Khtlrhoskbhoi
yohm tlraokt flhmoh plhmlguoikoh tlrdofop
clhmliuoraoh plrhyotooh nlrsoco pofo
iorohmoh onbrsk (Posoi >).
>< Elnruork >0?0 tlhtohm altlhtuohaltlhtuoh fksarkckhotke foioc \\
Altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh khk clhmonokaoh eoato nodwo cuhmakh sojo tlrfopot rkskab alsldotoh
Alsldotoh. Ochlstk Khtlrhoskbhoi jumo clhlrnktaoh slnuod iopbroh tlhtohm
foioc aldockioh yohm tkfoa fkaldlhfoak pofo
alsldotoh rlprbfuask, clrujua pofo
plrlcpuoh yohm tkfoa clhkaod slgoro sod.
cosoiod-cosoiod tlrslnut fk otos.66
^kskab khk fopot clcnowo sljuciod rkskab iokhhyo, slplrtk stkmco nomk knu slrto ohoa
\ h f o h m u h f o h m H o s k b h o i
plrlcpuoh nlrabhtrknusk pofo tkhmmkhyo
Plroturoh Voduh >0?7 tlhtohm Jonotoh Plmowok Hlmlrk Wkpki (Plhm-00?/G.6/ Gp>/0;/>0?7)
tkhmaot alcotkoh knu fk Khfbhlsko (WFAK >0?>, 7? OWO>?/00?/>0?0. /00?/>0?0. Iopbroh Iopbroh Ochlstk Khtlrhoskbhoi: Khtlrhoskbhoi: Ilet wktdbut o Gdbkgl . OWO >?/0>6/>0?0.
67
pusot tkfoa plrhod clhgonut otou clclrkhtodaoh plrucusoh uiohm plroturoh folrod yohm tkfoa sljoioh flhmoh uhfohmuhfohm hoskbhoi slrto khtlrhoskbhoi.
Pofo toduh >0?6 slnuod uhfohm-uhfohm noru fksodaoh (Hb. >7/>0?6), >7/>0?6), yohm clcnotosk iuoshyo btbhbck yohm fkhkacotk plclrkhtod folrod. Clioiuk uhfohm-uhfohm noru khk plclrkhtod pusot clhlmosaoh
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
alcnoik btbrktoshyo. Plclrkhtod pusot clhlmosaoh alcnoik dunuhmoh dklroraks ohtoro plclrkhtod pusot foh folrod, clhmlcnoikaoh Joaorto slnomok pusot alauosooh yohm slwoatu-woatu fopot clcoasoaoh aldlhfoa foh nodaoh clhmocnki alcnoik btbhbck yohm fkhkacotk plclrkhtod folrod‖slnuod tkhfoaoh yohm fkocnki slnomok oaknot plhylnoroh plroturoh folrod yohm fksarkckhotke. Pofo prkhskphyo plclrkhtod pusot clckikak alauosooh yohm guaup uhtua clhgonut plroturoh folrod yohm fksarkckhotke. Pofo nuioh Juhk >0?5, Prlskflh Jbabwk clhmucucaoh slnuod plhkiokoh saoio nlsor tlrdofop plroturoh folrod yohm soikhm tucpohm tkhfkd, tlrutoco uhtua clhstkcuiosk plrtucnudoh labhbck. Pofo soot iopbroh khk fkslilsokaoh, coskd nliuc jlios opoaod plroturoh folrod yohm clhfksarkckhosk plrlcpuoh yohm nlroaknot pofo plhmugkioh alibcpba IMNVK_ oaoh fkslrtoaoh foioc plhkiokoh tlrslnut.
\ h f o h m u h f o h m H o s k b h o i
66
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
Plroturoh Folrod
C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r o d
Nomkoh nlrkaut khk nlrksk doi-doi pbaba yohm clhfltoki tlrdofop plroturoh-plrot plroturoh-plroturoh uroh folrod. Wlnomokc Wlnomokcoho oho fkslnutaoh slnliuchyo foioc iopbroh khk, plhkiokoh khk clhmogu pofo plroturoh fk tkhmaot prbvkhsk, aonupotlh foh abto yohm clhmdoiohmk doa plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNVK_ plr wkioyod foh yohm clhmdoiohmk alcojuoh alsltorooh mlhflr slrto doa-doa alibcpba IMNVK_ (yohm clrupoaoh ebaus iopbroh khk).
Kadtksor
cosua fork Oron Woufk al Khfbhlsko, foh plhylnoroh khk nlroaknot pofo clroyophyo
^otusoh plroturoh folrod yohm
prbsls arkckhoiksosk tlrdofop cosyoroaot
clhfksarkckhosk nlrfosoraoh jlhks aliockh,
slrto alibcpba IMNVK_ fk Khfbhlsko. Alhfotk
mlhflr foh brklhtosk slasuoi, tliod
pofo totoroh hoskbhoi plrkioau IMNVK_
fktlrnktaoh fk sliurud alpuiouoh Khfbhlsko
dohyo fkarkckhoiksosk foioc \\ Pbrhbmro,
sljoa \\ Hb. 7>/>006 tlhtohm Plclrkhtodoh
nlnlropo pbiktksk slrto plcnuot uhfohm-
Folrod fkuhfohmaoh. Ofo alcuhmakhoh
uhfohm tlralcuao tliod clcuiok ofvbaosk
nodwo fk foiochyo tlraohfuhm nlnlropo
uhtua slnuod \\ hoskbhoi ohtk-IMNV.
altlhtuoh slrto flhksk yohm fksarkckhotke,
yohm fktlcuaoh foioc plroturoh folrod
Docpkr sliurud plroturoh folrod
fork fliopoh prbvkhsk yohm fkhkiok foioc
fksarkckhotke fktlrnktaoh posgo ^lebrcosk
iopbroh khk. Plhlrnktoh plroturoh folrod
?;;4, adusushyo sltliod btbhbck folrod
yohm fksarkckhotke clrupoaoh nomkoh fork tohmmopoh tlrdofop nlralcnohmhyo
fkuhfohmaoh pofo toduh >000. Vocpoahyo sltkop folrod soikhm nlribcno uhtua
fbckhosk Ksioc oikroh ]oddonk yohm fknowo
clcoclraoh aladususoh folrodhyo sltliod
6<
slioco 7> toduh clhmoiock slhtroiksosk
Plhjliosoh alfuo ofoiod poro plrucus
alauosooh fk nowod rlzkc Brfl Noru
aurohm clckikak alcocpuoh tlahks foh
pkcpkhoh Prlskflh Wbldortb. Woiod sotu
plhmltoduoh yohm fknutudaoh tlhtohm
oiosohhyo ofoiod roso alplckikaoh yohm auot
duauc doa ososk cohusko khtlrhoskbhoi
tlrdofop btbhbck folrod. Btbhbck folrod
clhmlhok doa-doa plrlcpuoh, doa ososk
nlruiohm aoik fkpoaok slnomok justkaosk uhtua clhmlcnohmaoh foh clhlmoaaoh plroturoh
cohusko foh doa-doa IMNVK_. Clrlao jumo aurohm clckikak plhmltoduoh tlhtohm
folrod clrlao.
uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi Khfbhlsko clhmlhok alsltorooh mlhflr, yohm fktuohmaoh foioc
Vkfoa ofo prbmroc ilmksiosk folrod yohm
\\ Hb. =/?;46 (rotkaosk GLFO]), slrto
clhyliurud yohm fopot nlreuhmsk slnomok
osos-osos foioc Abhstktusk. Clrlao tkfoa
tbhmmoa uhtua clhmuaur foh clcbhktbr
clcodock plhtkhmhyo clhyliorosaoh
plcnuotoh plroturoh folrod. Foioc \\
plroturoh folrod flhmoh plroturoh plroturoh
Plclrkhtodoh Folrod fkhyotoaoh nodwo
iokh yohm ilnkd tkhmmk. Gbhtbdhyo, Abto
slnuod abcksk ohmmoroh slrto abcksk
Poilcnohm soco slaoik tkfoa clrujua pofo
plhmowosoh fopot fknlhtua uhtua clcbhktbr
plroturoh fk tkhmaot prbvkhsk, cliokhaoh
plralcnohmoh plroturoh folrod. Hocuh
clioauaoh plrucusoh slhfkrk clhmlhok
doi khk nuaoh alwojknoh. Plclrkhtod folrod
plrnuotoh-plrnuotoh yohm fkiorohm foioc
fopot clcnlhtua abcksk ilmksiosk clrlao
plroturoh folrodhyo. Alhfotk plroturoh
slhfkrk. Clrlao tkfoa dorus nlrmohtuhm pofo
folrod Poilcnohm clhuhjua Abhstktusk foh
plclrkhtod pusot uhtua clhmlcnohmaoh
uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi iokhhyo slnomok
foh clhmuhfohmaoh plroturoh folrod/
fosor duauc, hocuh slplrtk doihyo plroturoh
ohmmoroh clrlao slhfkrk. Wlplrtk doihyo
folrod fk folrod iokh, plroturoh folrod ktu
yohm fkioauaoh Flwoh Plrwoakioh ^oayot
slhfkrk tkfoa clhmkautk uhfohm-uhfohm
(FP^) slnliuc clrucusaoh uhfohm-
yohm ilnkd tkhmmk. Khk clrupoaoh aosus nomk
uhfohm foh plroturoh, flwoh plrwoakioh
alnohyoaoh plroturoh folrod‖flhksk
folrod fopot jumo clhmuhjuhmk folrod
slrto sohask nomk plrnuotoh yohm fkiorohm
iokh otou nodaoh cliowot al iuor hlmlrk
yohm clhykcpohm fork stohfor hoskbhoi.
uhtua clhmofoaoh stufk nohfkhm clhmlhok uhfohm-uhfohm foh plroturoh‖foioc
... plrohgohm foh plioasoho plroturoh folrod clhfosoraoh plroturoh folrod clrlao pofo momosoh alcuikooh, trofksk, cbroiktos foh plhoeskroh omoco yohm potrkoraks.
doi khk uhtua clhmotur btbhbck tunud, cbroiktos, slasuoiktos, foh iokh-iokh. Nohyoa doi tucpohm tkhfkd foioc plroturoh folrod fk fliopoh prbvkhsk yohm fkhkiok foioc iopbroh khk. Woiod sotu plhjliosohhyo ofoiod nodwo poro plrucus plroturoh clhjkpioa flhksk fork folrod
iokh tlhtohm plrnuotoh-plrnuotoh yohm fkiorohm foh poro plioauhyo. Khk nlrortk
Fork nlnlropo plroturoh folrod yohm
nodwo flhksk yohm tkfoa tlpot, profumo poro plrucus foh plhykcpohmoh duauc
fktliktk, tlrfopot puio nuatk nodwo tkfoa ofo fk ohtoro poro ohmmbto Flwoh Plrwoakioh
iokhhyo fkuiohm-uiohm fk sliurud hlmlrk.
Folrod otou munlrhur, nupotk foh woikabto
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yohm nlrtumos clhmowosk kcpilclhtosk
mlhflr yohm fktlrkco slgoro sbskoi, gbhtbd-
plroturoh folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh,
gbhtbd yohm ofo fk Khfbhlsko tlcpb fuiu
clhyofork nodwo plroturoh folrod dorus
khk fkdopus fork khmotoh. Poro plrohgohm
nlrfosoraoh oturoh duauc. Coiodoh,
plroturoh folrod tocpoahyo clhlcpotaoh
plrohgohm foh plioasoho plroturoh folrod
Khfbhlsko slnomok slnuod alsotuoh, foh
clhfosoraoh plroturoh folrod clrlao pofo gkto-gkto yohm iudur, trofksk, cbroiktos foh
folrod/abto/prbvkhsk adusus clrlao, —slioiu‛ folrod/abto/prbvkhsk clhlropaoh nlhtua Ksioc ]oddonk, yohm
plhoeskroh omoco yohm potrkoraks1 clrlao
pofo eoatohyo ofoiod odkstbrks. Plroturoh
clhmonuraoh plcnlfooh ohtoro rohod
folrod khk alropaoik nlrmohtuhm pofo
ilmksiotke flhmoh laslautke1 ofo alrohguoh
momosoh abhtlcpbrlr yohm iozkc fkplmohm
ohtoro plhlmoa duauc flhmoh pbiksk cbroi1
clhmlhok opo yohm fkohmmop slnomok plrkioau
foh clrlao clhmmuhoaoh prbsls ilmksiosk
tkfoa potut, otou clrlao nlrmohtuhm pofo
uhtua clcoasoaoh plhoeskroh clrlao
plhoeskroh alibcpba Cusikc morks alros
slhfkrk tlhtohm Ksioc alpofo brohm-brohm
clhmlhok omoco, nufoyo foh ofot kstkofot.
yohm nlromoco Ksioc slhfkrk otou brohmbrohm fork omoco otou alplrgoyooh iokh.
Woiod sotu gbhtbdhyo ofoiod arkckhoiksosk plrzkhooh, prbstktusk foh dunuhmoh slasuoi
Poro plrucus plroturoh folrod jumo clhmogu
sljlhks foioc nlnlropo plroturoh folrod.
pofo opo yohm clrlao slnut slnomok pbhfosk
Foioc A\DP, A\DP, dohyo cugkaork yohm fopot
sbskoi yohm tlrohgoc tohpo clhyotoaoh
fkduauc, nuaoh plalrjo slashyo. Dkhmmo soot
opo yohm clrlao coasuf. Gbhtbdhyo,
\\ tlhtohm Pbrhbmro >004 fkuhfohmaoh,
alnohyoaoh plroturoh folrod yohm aock
tkfoa ofo iorohmoh dbcbslasuoiktos pofo
hkiok clhyotoaoh flhmoh jlios nodwo tujuoh
totoroh hoskbhoi. Hocuh, fk alnohyoaoh
plroturoh ktu fknuot uhtua clhykhmakraoh
folrod yohm aock hkiok, dunuhmoh slasuoi
plrnuotoh-plrnuotoh ocbroi fork aonupotlh/
suao soco suao ohtor brohm flwoso
abto/prbvkhsk yohm nlrsohmautoh slrto
fkarkckhoiksosk slnomok plioguroh, nodaoh
clhlmosaoh hbrco-hbrco omoco, alpotutoh
clsakpuh dunuhmoh slasuoi tlrslnut tkfoa
slrto alnufoyooh. Hocuh, plroturoh
nlrskeot trohsoaskbhoi. Fk nlnlropo folrod,
tlrslnut jorohm clhyotoaoh ojoroh omoco slplrtk opoaod tlpothyo, abhslp alnufoyooh
dunuhmoh slasuoi sljlhks suao soco suao ohtor brohm flwoso fkarkckhoiksosk slnomok
cohoaod yohm fkmuhoaoh, otou plhoeskroh
plrzkhooh foh/otou prbstktusk.
omoco cohoaod yohm fkkautk foioc plroturoh fkcoasuf. Vkfoa ofo plroturoh folrod yohm clhfuauhm plhoeskroh omoco Ksioc yohm nlrnosks doa ososk cohusko. Fkaorlhoaoh prbsls ochlsko posgoabibhkoi
Vkfoa ofo plroturoh folrod yohm clhfuauhm plhoeskroh omoco Ksioc yohm nlrnosks doa ososk cohusko.
clhmlhok btbhbck foh alauosooh plrlcpuoh slnliuc alfotohmoh plhjojod
Flhksk yohm fkmuhoaoh uhtua plrnuotoh
Nliohfo, clhmlhok moyo nlrnusoho nomk
tlriorohm foioc plroturoh folrod jumo
plrlcpuoh foh ioak-ioak yohm clhfoduiuk alfotohmoh Ksioc, foh tlhtohm proatka-proatka
tkfoa sljoioh flhmoh Abhstktusk foh/otou nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh A\DP. A\DP. Flhksk-
trohsmlhflr foh nlrnomok nlhtua lasprlsk
flhksk tlrslnut slrkhm aoik tlrioiu iuos,
6=
tkfoa jlios, slcouhyo foh fopot fktoeskraoh
trohsmlhflr EVC foh worko. Ioak-ioak
foioc goro-goro yohm nlrnlfo, aorlhohyo
jumo fopot clhmoiock mohmmuoh aorlho
clilmktkcosk rozko, plhohmaopoh, plhodohoh
cliohmmor hbrco nlrnusoho Cusikc,
foh plilgldoh bild pbiksk cbroi otou
slnomokcoho fkflcbhstroskaoh pofo ?4 Oprki
pbiksk altlrtknoh ucuc (Wotpbi PP1 Wotuoh
>0?5 fk Ogld, soot >7 ilioak clhmlhoaoh
Pbiksk Pocbhm Projo) yohm nlreuhmsk slnomok ckiksk. Plhmmuhooh tlrckhbibmk khk
glioho plhfla foh 70 plrlcpuoh yohm clhmlhoaoh nusoho altot fkohmaut bild
puh sohmot plhtkhm. A\DP clhmduauc
pbiksk cbroi foioc slnuod rozko.
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tkhfoaoh yohm cliohmmor alsuskiooh ucuc slclhtoro nohyoa plroturoh folrod clhmduauc fbso prknofk foh alcoaskotoh‖aorlhohyo clhmlcnohmaoh foetor plrkioau yohm nkso fkarkckhoiksosk nodaoh woioupuh plrkioau tlrslnut tkfoa cliohmmor uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi.
Fk alnohyoaoh folrod yohm aock hkiok, dunuhmoh slasuoi suao soco suao ohtor brohm flwoso fkarkckhoiksosk slnomok plioguroh, nodaoh clsakpuh dunuhmoh slasuoi tlrslnut
Fk ilnkd fork sotu folrod yohm fkhkiok foioc iopbroh khk, nusoho Ksiock fkpohfohm slnomok
tkfoa nlrskeot trohsoaskbhoi.
plhjomo fork plhmorud Norot. Ofo alauotoh
Nlrnomok plroturoh folrod clckikak
ojokn yohm fkdunuhmaoh flhmoh poaokoh
altlhtuoh yohm clcohgkhm tkhfoaoh cokh
foh nusoho Cusikc tlrtlhtu yohm fkohmmop
doakc slhfkrk. Clrlao yohm clrlspbhs
clhmmumod —alsoildoh yohm cuiko‛ foh
slruoh uhtua —clhmdoakck‛ tkhmaod ioau
slgoro ucuc nlrcoheoot nomk cosyoroaot,
tltohmmohyo khk tkfoa tlriotkd uhtua
clhmlsocpkhmaoh ofohyo nlrnomok
clcodock uhfohm-uhfohm (hoskbhoi). Foioc
alibcpba lthks, prknuck foh omoco, foh
kaikc slcogoc ktu, tlrfopot pliohmmoroh yohm
clhmlsocpkhmaoh moyo nlrnusoho trofkskbhoi
clhgbiba tlrdofop doa alnlnosoh nlrnkgoro,
nomk plrlcpuoh yohm tliod ofo slnliuchyo
alnlnosoh nlrlasprlsk, alnlnosoh nlraucpui,
fk folrod-folrod tlrtlhtu. Plhmlhooh
foh doa-doa prknofk slrto doa otos khtlmrktos
hbrco nlrnusoho khk jumo cliohmmor doa prknofk khfkvkfuoi slrto nkfohm-nkfohm
tunud.
iokhhyo foioc dkfup clrlao‖slplrtk doa
Justkaosk uhtua clcoasoaoh plroturoh
nlalrjo. Gbhtbdhyo, clcoasoaoh nusoho
Ksiock nomk sltkop brohm fk foioc hlmoro
Cusikc clhmdoiohmk aotlmbrk plhmdknur
khk tohpo plfuik omoco clrlao slrkhm aoik
tlrtlhtu slplrtk plhyohyk fohmfut foioc
fkfosoraoh pofo Pohgoskio, yoahk ikco
clhjoiohk prbelskhyo foh clcplrbild
osos fosor, yohm skio plrtocohyo ofoiod
plhmdoskioh slgoro ocoh tohpo mohmmuoh,
Altudohoh [ohm Codo Lso. Wkio-skio iokhhyo
poasooh otou alalrosoh. Hbrco nlrnusoho
yohm nlrnkgoro clhmlhok alofkioh sbskoi slrto
nuaoh dohyo slgoro tkfoa prbpbrskbhoi
doa ososk cohusko fkonokaoh. Wkio plrtoco
clhormltaoh plrlcpuoh dltlrbslasuoi,
Pohgoskio fkmuhoaoh bild clrlao yohm khmkh
nkslasuoi foh ilsnkoh cliokhaoh jumo khsoh
clhjofkaoh Ksioc slnomok fosor Hlmoro,
6< dttp://www.clrflao.gbc/plrkstkwo/ /www.clrflao.gbc/plrkstkwo/nlrglioho-plhflanlrglioho-plhfla->6-ilioak-tlrjorkh >6-ilioak-tlrjorkhm-rozko-pbiksk-syorkot-fk-ogld.dtci m-rozko-pbiksk-syorkot-fk-ogld.dtci
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clhmonokaoh doa alnlnosoh nlrlasprlsk yohm A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
fkikhfuhmk bild Abhstktusk. Coao, Hlmoroiod
FOL^OD KWVKCL]O OGLD
yohm dorus clcostkaoh nodwo prkhskp hbhfksarkckhosk fktlmoaaoh foioc uhfohmuhfohm hoskbhoi slrto plroturoh folrod.
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Kadtksor Plroturoh Folrod Wliokh fork kadtksor plroturoh pofo tkhmaot
Prbvkhsk Ogld fknlrkaoh btbhbck adusus
folrod, fknlrkaoh puio stufk aosus yohm
pofo toduh >00< clhyusui plrjohjkoh focok
clhybrbtk focpoa hyoto plroturoh tlrslnut.
flhmoh alibcpba slporotks Mlroaoh Ogld
Doi khk alcufkoh fkkautk bild rlabclhfosk
Clrflao (MOC). Ogld ofoiod sotu-sotuhyo
plrunodoh uhtua clhohmohk nlrnomok
prbvkhsk yohm clckikak doa-doa adusus
plrsboioh yohm fkmorksnowodk foioc iopbroh
slrto btbhbck iuos uhtua clioasohoaoh
khk. Fuo nuod iocpkroh turut puio fksojkaoh:
plclrkhtodoh slhfkrk fk Khfbhlsko. Doa
Iocpkroh K clhmmocnoraoh skaop plcohmau
adusus fkcoasuf nlralhooh flhmoh
alplhtkhmoh yohm tlrglrckh foioc pbsksk
plhfkfkaoh, alnufoyooh, omoco foh plrohoh
punika clrlao tlrdofop alibcpba IMNVK_.
poro uioco slnomokcoho fkhyotoaoh foioc
Poro plcohmau alplhtkhmoh khk tlrfkrk fork
\\ Hb. 66/?;;; tlhtohm Plhylilhmmorooh
plrwoakioh hlmoro foh hbh plrwoakioh
Alkstkclwooh Prbvkhsk Folrod Kstkclwo Ogld.
hlmoro. Iocpkroh KK clhuhjuaaoh plrohoh foh almuhooh clfko uhtua clhylnoraoh
Nlrfosoraoh \\ Hb. 66/?;;;, Ogld fkkzkhaoh
plrhyotooh tojoc tlhtohm cosyoroaot
clhjoiohaoh \\ Hb. ??/>005 tlhtohm
IMNVK_ slcoso aocpohyl dbcbpdbnko
Plclrkhtodoh Ogld, fkalhoi puio slnomok
pofo nuioh Johuork foh Oprki >0?5.
\\PO (\hfohm-uhfohm Plclrkhtodoh Ogld), yohm clhmkzkhaoh plclrkhtod Ogld
Nlrnomok clckikak plroturoh altlhtuoh folrod yohm clcohgkhm tkhfoaoh cokh doakc slhfkrk. Clrlao yohm clrlspbhs slruoh uhtua —clhmdoakck‛ tkhmaod ioau tltohmmohyo tltohmmohy o khk tkfoa tlriotkd uhtua clcodock uhfohmuhfohm (hoskbhoi).
clhlropaoh Wyorkod (Duauc Ksioc) uhtua slmoio ospla aldkfupoh cosyoroaot Ogld yohm nlromoco Ksioc. Foioc Posoi ?>4 \\PO fkhyotoaoh nodwo Duauc Wyorkod oaoh fkkcpilclhtoskaoh foioc alrohmao skstlc duauc hoskbhoi Khfbhlsko. Posoi ?>< \\PO clhmotur nomokcoho goro nlrknofod, aldkfupoh aliuormo, proatkaproatka nufoyo, foh clhmofkik aljodotoh (Posoi ?> CB\ khk clhyotoaoh nodwo akton
(aurkauiuc, alnkjoaoh foh cltbfl clhmojor)
duauc uhtua Ogld oaoh fkfosoraoh pofo
clrupoaoh lilclh Wyorkod. Plcuao omoco
prkhskp-prkhskp doa ososk cohusko uhkvlrsoi
Ksioc (uioco) fknlrkaoh plroh foioc clcnuot
slnomokcoho fkhyotoaoh foioc KGGP^ foh
alnkjoaoh‖slnuod flwoh uioco fknlhtua
KGLWG^. Abcktclh khk fkuiohmk foioc Posoi >.?
flhmoh alauosooh yohm nlsor. \\PO tlrfkrk fork nlnlropo plroturoh Ksiock (qohuh). \\PO
CB\ yohm nlrsohmautoh, yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo slnuod Codaocod Doa Ososk Cohusko
pofo soot ktu fkcoasufaoh dohyo nlrioau nomk
oaoh fkfkrkaoh. Ogld Cbhktbrkhm Cksskbh
poro Cusikc yohm dkfup fk Ogld. Brohm-brohm
(OCC) fkskopaoh uhtua clcbhktbr sktuosk doa
hbh-cusikc foioc prbvkhsk tlrslnut tkfoa
ososk cohusko (Posoi .f). Woyohmhyo OCC
fkkzkhaoh clhgocpurk Wyorkod.
fknlhtua dohyo flhmoh slfkakt alauosooh, sliokh doa uhtua clioasohoaoh bplroskhyo
\\PO alcufkoh fkkautk bild \\ Hb. ?4/>00?
tuhfua alpofo syorot-syorot alocohoh.
tlhtohm Btbhbck Adusus Nomk Prbvkhsk Folrod Kstkclwo Ogld Wlnomok Prbvkhsk
_ohuh fk Ogld nlrkaut khk ofoiod yohm rlilvoh
Hohmmrbl Ogld Forussoioc, yohm clhmotur
flhmoh iopbroh khk:
cosoiod-cosoiod tlraokt flhmoh plcnomkoh aluhtuhmoh slrto plhfkrkoh sliurud ilcnomo
_ohuh Hb. Hb. ??/>00>
pbiktka foh hbh-pbiktka uhtua clhyotuaoh
_ohuh Hb. ??/>00> clhmotur cosoiod
roayot Ogld slrto clcnlrkaoh pohfuoh
alplrgoyooh (oqkfod) slrto plcodocoh
tlhtohm hbrco-hbrco foh alnufoyooh
oaoh omoco Ksioc (plroturoh nlrnosks qd
trofkskbhoi (]oik Hohmrbl ))..
yohm tlraokt flhmoh proatka-proatka yohm fkohmmop fkocoiaoh bild Honk Cudoccof)
Foioc Hbto Alslpodocoh (CB\) ohtoro
tlrcosua hbrco nlrnusoho foh knofod
plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko foh MOC, fkhyotoaoh
slplrtk nomokcoho clioasohoaoh sdbiot
nodwo _ohuh (plroturoh) fk Ogld oaoh
foh puoso. Plroturoh khk jumo clhmotur
clcnohmuh alcnoik roso dbrcot tlrdofop
tlhtohm nomokcoho clhmojoraoh alsoforoh
ofot foh trofksk dkstbrks roayot Ogld (Posoi
punika oaoh Ksioc (sykor Ksioc), slrto
?.?.5). Hocuh, opo yohm fkslnut slnomok —trofksk dkstbrks‛ slnlhorhyo clrupoaoh
prbslfur uhtua clhmkcpilclhtoskaoh _ohuh khk. Wlgoro proatka, _ohuh Hb.
nodoh plrflnotoh aorlho sljorod Ogld
??/>00> slgoro plriodoh clcnotosk doa
tlrcosua rotu-rotu yohm nlrauoso slrto
plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNVK_.
poro jlhflroi plrlcpuoh foh poro ilioak nlrplhmorud, yohm clhuhtut ioyohoh
Pofo proatkahyo, _ohuh Hb. ??/>00>
slasuoi fork rlcojo, adusushyo poro
tliod slgoro nlrtodop clcnotosk doa-doa
plhork rlcojo ioak-ioak fork Hkos.65
plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNV. Gbhtbdhyo,
65 Poro plfomohm nufoa, adusushyo fork Ogld, slgoro rutkh clhylrnu clhylrnu Puiou Hkos. Noka rlcojo plrlcpuoh otou ioak-ioa ioak-ioakk fkpoaso clioauaoh ioyohoh slasuoi. Wlnomokcoho fk tlcpot iokhhyo, plrfomohmoh nufoa clhylnonaoh clhylnonaoh plrohm ohtorflso foh clrbsbthyo juciod plhfufua fk nlnlropo nomkoh fk puiou tlrslnut. Clrlao fknlik pofo usko ohtoro 4-?> toduh flhmoh dormo yohm sohmot tkhmmk uhtua ioyohoh slasuoi foh nohyoa ioak-ioak Ogld ilnkd clhyuaok nufoa slasuoi rlcojo ioak-ioak forkpofo slikr plrlcpuoh rlcojo. \htua fksausk ilnkd iohjut ikdot ]kiikoc M. Giorlhgl-Wcktd, >0?> Wocl-slx rliotkbhs ohf trohsmlhflr kflhtktkls kh Ksiockg Wbutdloot Osko erbc tdl etllhtd glhtury , foioc ^oquli O.Mm ^lyls ohf ]kikoc M. Giorlhgl-Wcktd lfs. Wlxuoi Fkvlrskty kh Osko,, g.500 ‗ ?;0?6 clhmlhok alalrosoh tlrdofop
dorusiod clhmlhoaoh —nusoho Cusikc‛ foh
plrlcpuoh fk Ogld, clhgotot nodwo
nodwo sliurud alpoio ilcnomo plclrkhtodoh,
clsak Posoi >7? \\ Hb. ??/>005 nlrnuhyk
slabiod, plrusodooh nkshks foh brmohksosk
nodwo plclrkhtod hoskbhoi, plclrkhtod
hbhplclrkhtod wojkn clcprbcbskaoh
prbvkhsk Ogld foh plclrkhtod folrod
nufoyo clhmlhoaoh nusoho Cusikc. Hocuh tkfoa tlrfopot plhjliosoh clhmlhok opo
wojkn clhfuauhm foh clikhfuhmk doa-doa plrlcpuoh foh ohoa slrto clhstkcuiosk
yohm slnlhorhyo fkcoasuf flhmoh —nusoho
’plcnlrfoyooh yohm nlrcortonot– clrlao,6=
Cusikc.‛‛ Fkosucskaoh nodwo —nusoho Cusikc‛ Cusikc.
hocuh pofo proatkahyo, clhurut iopbroh
nomk plrlcpuoh nlrortk plhmlhooh dkjon , yohm
OCH, plrlcpuoh slrkhm aoik fksoiodaoh
clhutupk rocnut, ildlr foh puhfoa. Nlhtua
altkao clrlao clhmoiock alalrosoh slasuoi
nusoho slcogoc khk nuaohiod ofot trofkskbhoi
foh fkdujot aorlho tkfoa clhmlhoaoh
nomk plrlcpuoh Ogld. Hocuh, plrlcpuoh,
nusoho Cusikc yohm ioyoa. ^ozko nusoho
tlrilpos fork lasprlsk mlhflrhyo (tbcnby ,
fkofoaoh, fk coho plrlcpuoh fkpuaui
plrlcpuoh cosauikh) slrto EVC (Elcoil tb
alpoiohyo foh tlraofohm fktodoh jkao
Coil 1 trohsmlhflr plrlcpuoh clhjofk ioak-
fkpohfohm nlrnusoho slgoro tkfoa potut
ioak) dorus tuhfua pofo hbrco nlrnusoho khk.
aorlho clrlao fkohmmop slnomok pliogur
Plrlcpuoh, tlrilpos fork brklhtosk slasuoi
otou clioauaoh plrnuotoh ocbroi.64
clrlao, jumo fkiorohm clhmlhoaoh glioho aorlho plhoeskroh sunjlatke pbiksk Wyorkod
_ohuh Hb. Hb. ?6/>0?7 tlhtohm Iorohmoh Plrkioau Ocbroi
(]kioyotui Dksnod) oaoh opo yohm fkcoasuf
Foioc Plhfoduiuoh _ohuh khk, alwojknoh
—altot‛ otou —tlrioiu altot.‛ Wliokh ktu, CVE ( Coil
plclrkhtod Ogld fkjonoraoh slsuok flhmoh
tb Elcoil 1 trohsmlhflr ioak-ioak clhjofk
duauc Wyorkod foh ’duauc ofot–. ofot–. Cosyoroaot
plrlcpuoh/worko)) tkfoa fkplrnbildaoh plrlcpuoh/worko
fkdkcnou uhtua nlrportkskposk foioc prbsls
clhmlhoaoh dkjon , rba ibhmmor otou glioho
plhglmodoh sltkop plrnuotoh ocbroi
pohjohm ibhmmor. Poro khsoh IMNVK_ foh
(clsuc)1 clrlao fkwojknaoh cliopbraoh
plrlcpuoh clrupoaoh alibcpba yohm
plrnuotoh-plrnuotoh slcogoc ktu (Posoi
poikhm fkkhgor aorlho tkfoa tuhfua pofo \\ Hb. ??/>00>. Plrlcpuoh nlromoco
4). Plrnuotoh ocbroi fkflhkskaoh slgoro socor slnomok ’sltkop plrnuotoh yohm
ckhbrktos, adusushyo plrlcpuoh Arkstlh
clhmorod alpofo plrzkhooh– slplrtk alhgoh
yohm nlrfosoraoh plroturoh folrod tkfoa
otou nlrflaotoh slgoro ska ohtoro brohm-
plriu clhmlhoaoh dkjon / jkinon , hocuh aorlho
brohm yohm nliuc aowkh (adoiwot ) (Posoi >).
fkbiba-biba fkbiba-bib a bild ucot Ksioc, foh aorlho fk
Pbiksk Wyorkod fktumosaoh clhjomo cbroiktos
nowod tlaohoh sbskoi clrlao puh clhmkautk
flhmoh cliopbraoh plrnuotoh clsuc,
plroturoh folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh.
clhmkhvlstkmoskhyo, foh clhodoh clrlao
jkhs yohm tlrioiu altot, foh nkso fktodoh
yohm tlrtohmaop clioauaoh plrnuotoh Ogld Cbhktbrkhm Hltwbra Hltwbra (Jorkhmoh
tlrslnut (Posoi ?=). Clrlao yohm nlrsoiod
Plcohtou Ogld) foioc iopbrohhyo toduh
clioauaoh plrnuotoh clsuc fopot fkduauc
6= Ogld Cbhktbrkhm Hltwbra fknlhtua bild ?> brmohksosk plrlcpuoh Ogld pofo toduh >0??. Ikdot dttp://www.wliff.brm/bur-vbkgls/ /www.wliff.brm/bur-vbkgls/wbclh-ogld-orl-stkiiwbclh-ogld-orl-stkiivkgtkcs-vkbilhgl 64 dttp://www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hl /www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hlws/>0?5/ ws/>0?5/05/ 05/fbzlhs-be-wbclh-stbpplf-kh-ogl fbzlhs-be-wbclh-stbpplf-kh-ogld-ebr-stroffikhm-cbtbrgygils.dtc d-ebr-stroffikhm-cbtbrgygils.dtc
/?>4>4-fkrozko >0?/?>4>4- fkrozko -altot/poro-i -altot/poro-ilsnk-cui lsnk-cui ok-aliuo r-fork-Nohfo-Ogld r-fork-N ohfo-Ogld
?/>000 Aonupotlh Voroaoh tlhtohm Plrnuotoh Osuskio
foh clckikd soiod sotu fork omoco-omoco
Plroturoh folrod khk clhflhkskaoh
yohm fkoauk fk Khfbhlsko1 Ksioc otou Arkstlh.
plrnuotoh osuskio slnomok plrnuotoh
Alnohyoaoh brohm Foyoa clckikd clhjofk plcliua Arkstlh. Pbpuiosk ucot Ksioc fk
yohm fkioauaoh otou fkeoskiktosk bild ioakioak otou plrlcpuoh yohm ’nlrtlhtohmoh
slpohjohm plskskr sohmot abhslrvotke.
flhmoh alsuskiooh.– alsuskiooh.– Nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh
foh tonkn trofkskbhoi clrlao clikputk khsoh trohsmlhflr. Cosyoroaot Foyoa clhmoiock
alsuskiooh fkflhkskaoh slgoro iuos slnomok
Vlrfopot fliopoh plroturoh folrod fk
’nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh omoco, ofot kstkofot,
Aoikcohtoh Vkcur yohm lcpot fk ohtorohyo
altlrtknoh ucuc otou hkiok-hkiok iudur.–
rlilvoh flhmoh iopbroh khk. Flhksk plrnuotoh osuskio foioc Plroturoh
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. >/>00= Aonupotlh Nlrou tlhtohm Iorohmoh Prbstktusk
Folrod Aonupotlh Voroaoh khk sohmot iuos foh
Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Nlrou clhmotur
Posoi >4? foh >4> A\DP. Flhksk yohm liostks
tlhtohm proatka cugkaork, prbstktusk foh
tlrslnut tlrnuao nomk cuitktoeskr. Dunuhmoh
plrfomohmoh cohusko slrto plraoro yohm
slasuoi slsoco jlhks aliockh suao soco suao
fk Ogld fkslnut adoiwot , yoahk jkao ioak-
clckikak pbtlhsk uhtua fkiorohm fk nowod
ioak foh plrlcpuoh yohm tkfoa tlrkaot
plroturoh folrod khk aorlho kcpilclhtosk
plraowkhoh clioauaoh alflaotoh ska fk
plroturoh folrod khk sohmot tlrmohtuhm pofo
tlcpot suhyk otou fk tlcpot ucuc. Wltkop
khtlrprltosk sunjlatke poro plhlmoa duauc.
ohmmbto cosyoroaot wojkn cliopbraoh
Plroturoh folrod khk tkfoa dohyo clcnlrk
alpofo pbiksk jkao clrlao clhyoaskaoh brohm
alauosooh yohm iuos pofo plhlmoa duauc
yohm cliohmmor plroturoh folrod khk. [ohm
hocuh jumo pofo alibcpba-alibcpba
clhjofk gototoh ofoiod flhksk yohm ofo
cosyoroaot uhtua clhmuska brohm-brohm
foioc altlhtuoh ucuc plroturoh folrod
yohm tkfoa potud pofo oturoh plrkioau yohm
khk: pliogur ofoiod slslbrohm, noka ioak-ioak otou plrlcpuoh yohm clhjojoaoh fkrkhyo fk
fkfosoraoh alpofo ojoroh omoco yohm altot foh dltlrbhbrcotke.
flhkskhyo clhmlhok ’cliohmmor alsuskiooh– tkfoa sljoioh flhmoh flhksk yohm ofo foioc
tlcpot ucuc uhtua dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor plraowkhoh. Dunuhmoh slasuoi slcogoc
Pliorohmoh plrnuotoh osuskio cliuos clhjofk
ktu fkflhkskaoh slnomok dunuhmoh slasuoi
sltkop khfkvkfu otou alibcpba yohm flhmoh
nlriokhoh jlhks otou slsoco jlhks aliockh.
slhmojo clhmmuhoaoh slnuod tlcpot uhtua
Foioc plroturoh folrod khk, dunuhmoh
clioauaoh ’plrnuotoh osuskio–, osuskio–, tlrcosua t lrcosua
slas dltlrbslasuoi otou dbcbslasuoi otou
’tocu– yohm fkflhkskaoh slnomok ’slslbrohm
dunuhmoh ilsnkoh uhtua tujuoh clcplrbild
yohm tkno fk slnuod tlcpot tlrtlhtu, noka ioak-
uohm fopot fkpkfoho.
ioak otou plrlcpuoh, foh yohm nlrtlcu otou fotohm nlrsoco flhmoh yohm iokhhyo flhmoh
Plroturoh folrod khk tkfoa slsuok flhmoh Non
tujuoh uhtua clioauaoh plrnuotoh osuskio. osuskio.––
Aljodotoh Vlrdofop Alsuskiooh foioc A\DP A\DP,, yohm fk foiochyo tkfoa clckfoho plioguroh.
Plhlmoa duauc fkkzkhaoh uhtua clhohmaop foh clhodoh sltkop brohm, clhmkhvlstkmosk sltkop ilcnomo (alibcpba, brmohksosk),
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0?0 Aonupotlh Plhojoc Poslr \toro tlhtohm Plhlrtknoh foh Plhohmmuiohmoh Plalrjo Wlasuoi Abclrskoi, Abclr skoi, foh Plroturoh Folrod Hb. ;/>006 Aonupotlh Poslr tlhtohm Iorohmoh Plrnuotoh Vuho Wuskio
FAK Joaorto clrupoaoh folrod adusus aorlho alfufuaohhyo slnomok knuabto ^lpunika Khfbhlsko1 Joaorto clckikak munlrhur slhfkrk. Prbvkhsk khk tlrfkrk fork ikco abtocofyo (Joaorto Vkcur, Norot, \toro, Wliotoh foh Pusot). Poro alpoio folrodhyo nlrtumos uhtua clcnohtu
Alfuo plroturoh folrod khk clhmotur
Munlrhur. Alikco wkioyod tuhfua pofo
clhmlhok plalrjo slas abclrskoi, cugkaork
plroturoh yohm fknuot plclrkhtod prbvkhsk
foh plrzkhooh. Vlrfopot alrohguoh clhmlhok
FAK Joaorto foh clrlao tkfoa clckikak
flhksk plalrjo slas abclrskoi, yohm
flwoh plrwoakioh folrod slhfkrk uhtua
fkpohfohm fork plrsplatke cbroiktos foh
clrohgohm plroturoh yohm tlraokt cosoiod-
’momosoh cuiko– (clhmlhok slnuod kflhtktos
cosoiod punika. Wotu-sotuhyo plroturoh
tuhmmoi hlmoro, nufoyo foh omoco) tohpo
folrod fk FAK Joaorto yohm fkohoiksks
clhjliosaoh coaho kstkiod khk. Ilnkd iohjut,
nlralhooh flhmoh altlrtknoh ucuc.
aorlho alkhtkcoh foh dunuhmoh slasuoi fk flhmoh hbrco-hbrco omoco foh sbskoi
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. 4/>00= tlhtohm Altlrtknoh \cuc
foh aorlhohyo fopot fkduauc slnomok
Plroturoh folrod khk fktlrnktaoh uhtua
alosuskiooh, plroturoh folrod tlrslnut tkfoa
—clhgkptoaoh Joaorto yohm tlrotur, ocoh,
clcplrcosoiodaoh opoaod dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor plraowkhoh fkioauaoh uhtua tujuoh
hyocoh, nlrskd foh khfod.‛ khfod.‛ Plroturoh folrod khk fkfosoraoh pofo >6 uhfohm-uhfohm foh
clhfopotaoh cotlrk otou nuaoh, otouaod
plroturoh folrod tlrcosua \\ Hb. 7;/?;;;
uhtua fkrk slhfkrk otou brohm iokh. Flhksk
tlhtohm Doa Ososk Cohusko, \\ Hb. >7/>005
yohm tkfoa tlpot khk nlrortk nodwo alibcpba
tlhtohm Ofckhkstrosk Alplhfufuaoh, foh
IMNVK_ fopot puio fkarkckhoiksosk aorlho
\\ Hb. ?0/>006 tlhtohm Plcnlhtuaoh
clioauaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi.
Plroturoh Plruhfohm-uhfohmoh. Plroturoh
iuor plraowkhoh (plrzkhooh) nlrtlhtohmoh
Folrod Joaorto clhmotur nlrnomok cosoiod: Plrucusoh alfuo plroturoh folrod khk
joioh royo, tlcpot ucuc, trohspbrtosk
clilmktkcosk rozko, tkfoa dohyo bild poro
ucuc, plrtocohoh, folrod dkjou,
plhlmoa duauc cliokhaoh jumo bild
plhmlcks, plfomohm aoak ikco, plhmoclh,
alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-a libcpba cosyoroaot. Ohmmoroh
prbstktusk, cugkaork, ikhmauhmoh, nohmuhoh,
hlmoro fkoibaoskaoh puio uhtua clioauaoh plioasohooh pbiksk (plhmowosoh) cbroi.
brohm-brohm flhmoh mohmmuoh jkwo otou plhyohfohm ilpro, plrjufkoh, clckhuc oiabdbi foh plrnuotoh ocbroi otou osuskio.
plroturoh folrod khk cliorohm brohm
Posoi 6> fkmuhoaoh slnomok justkaosk uhtua
nlalrjo slnomok plalrjo slas foh tlriknot
clhmarkckhoiksosk poro khfkvkfuoi yohm
foioc ioyohoh slasuoi abclrskoi. Posoi 67
nlalrjo fk slatbr khebrcoi, slplrtk worko
cliorohm plhmmuhooh tlcpot prknofk foh
yohm clrupoaoh plalrjo slasuoi. Nodaoh
tlcpot ucuc slplrtk rucod, nohmuhoh otou
worko yohm dohyo slalfor nlrjoioh fk joioh
tlcpot-tlcpot iokh uhtua plrnuotoh osuskio.
royo fopot fkdlhtkaoh otou fktodoh nlrfosor fumooh nodwo clrlao ofoiod plalrjo slas.
Foioc Plhjliosoh \cuc Posoi 6> fkhyotoaoh:
Posoi 6> aorlhohyo clhjofk cunozkr pofo
Oyot (?)
sotu sksk foh fk sksk iokh tkfoa sljoioh flhmoh
[ohm fkcoasuf flhmoh nlrtkhmaod
A\DP slnon clhmarkckhoiksosk plalrjo slas,
ioau foh/otou nlrnuot osuskio ofoiod
slclhtoro foioc A\DP tkfoa flckakoh. Pofo
plrnuotoh yohm clhykhmmuhm roso
kcpilclhtoskhyo, Posoi 6> jumo clhkcnuiaoh
alsuskiooh slsuok hbrco yohm nlrioau fk
nkos alios sbskoi slnon posoi khk tlrutoco
cosyoroaot, cksoihyo: clhjojoaoh fkrk fk
clhmdoiohmk plrlcpuoh cksakh foh worko
joioh, nlrgucnu, nlrgkucoh, foh oatkvktos
otos doa nlalrjo fk joiohoh flhmoh goro
slasuoi iokhhyo.
clhodoh clrlao.
Oyot (>) durue o
Foioc ohoikskshyo clhmlhok Plroturoh
Almkotoh clhyurud, clceoskiktosk,
Folrod Joaorto Hb. 4/>00=, Abchos DOC
clcnujua, clcoaso brohm iokh uhtua
foh IND Joaorto clhykcpuiaoh nodwo
clhjofk plhjojo slasuoi abclrskoi pofo
Plroturoh folrod khk nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh
ucuchyo fkalhoi slnomok mlrcb. Pofo
Abhstktusk foh plroturoh hoskbhoi adusushyo
ucuchyo plhjojo slasuoi abclrskoi
\\ Plcnlhtuaoh Plroturoh Plruhfohm-
fkioauaoh bild plhyohfohm cosoiod
uhfohmoh, tlrutoco nlraoktoh flhmoh flhksk
tuho suskio noka yohm nlrosoi fork
yohm fkmuhoaoh. Plroturoh Folrod Joaorto clhjofk prbnilcotks aorlho nlnlropo slnon. Plrtoco, ’alosuskiooh– foh cugkaork tliod
Iocpuhm ofoiod slnuod prbvkhsk fk Puiou
fkotur foioc Posoi >4? (alosuskiooh) foh >;5
Wucotlro, foh sljoa ioco clrupoaoh
(cugkaork) A\DP. A\DP. Alfuo, flhksk plalrjo
wkioyod trohsckmrosk. Nohyoa plhfufua
slas foh plrnuotoh ocbroi tkfoa jlios.
cksakh fork Jowo, Cofuro foh sljuciod
00= tlhtohm Altlrtknoh \cuc (Abcksk Hoskbhoi Doa Ososk Cohusko, >00;). I kdot jumo Oimdkeeork Oqso: dttps://oimdke.wbr /oimdke.wbrfprlss.gbc/>0?>/ fprlss.gbc/>0?>/07/7?/plr 07/7?/plroturoh-folrod-fak-joao oturoh-folrod-fak-joaorto-tlhtohm-altlrt rto-tlhtohm-altlrtknoh-ucuc/ knoh-ucuc/
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00? Aonupotlh ]oy Aohoh tlhtohm Iorohmoh Prbstktusk foh Plrnuotoh Ocbroi
dbcbebnko clrupoaoh alibcpba Cusikc
Foioc Plroturoh Folrod ]oy Aohoh
morks alros poikhm nlrplhmorud. DVK tkfoa clhmoauk nlhtua hlmoro foh nlrjuohm
fkhyotoaoh nodwo iohfosoh duauc plroturoh folrod khk ofoiod \\F ?;6 Abto Ab to Nohfor Iocpuhm tlhtohm Iorohmoh Prbstktusk foh Plrnuotoh Ocbroi Plroturoh folrod khk clhylrupok plroturoh
dunuhmoh slasuoi flhmoh slslbrohm nlrnlfo jlhks aliockh fk iuor plraowkhoh uhtua tujuoh clcplrbild alhkacotoh slasuoi otou uhtua kcnoioh cotlrk nomk fkrk clrlao otou nomk brohm iokh.
folrod ]oy Aohoh yohm fkohoiksks fk nowod khk. Plroturoh Folrod Nohfor
Kstkiod plrnuotoh ’ocbroi– (tuho suskio)
Iocpuhm fksodaoh sltoduh sltliod
fkmuhoaoh uhtua clhmogu pofo plrlcpuoh
Plroturoh Folrod ]oy Aohoh foh alfuohyo clcuot altkfoaslsuokoh yohm slrupo
otou ioak-ioak yohm ’clioauaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi flhmoh brohm nlrnlfo otou slsoco
flhmoh A\DP clhmlhok flhksk ’ocbroi.–
jlhks aliockh otou flhmoh nohyoa posohmoh,
Plrnlfooh utoco ohtoro Plroturoh
fk iuor plrhkaodoh uhtua clhfopot uohm,
Folrod Nohfor Iocpuhm flhmoh ]oy
norohm otou joso.– joso.– Jofk flhksk khk ilnkd iuos
Aohoh ofoiod nodwo Plroturoh Folrod
pofo plhlropohhyo.
Nohfor Iocpuhm tkfoa clhylrtoaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi sljlhks foioc flhksk
Cugkaork (mlrcb) ofoiod slbrohm ioak-ioak otou
—ocbroi.‛‛ Foioc alfuo plroturoh folrod, —ocbroi.
plrlcpuoh yohm clhylfkoaoh rucod otou
prbstktusk fkhyotoaoh slgoro jlios tlrtuju
tlcpot iokh uhtua clhmlibio poro plalrjo
pofo noka ioak-ioak foh plrlcpuoh.
slasuoi plrlcpuoh. Fopot fkaotoaoh nodwo
joso plalrjo slasuoi. Pofo proatkahyo,
Aonupotlh Vuiohm Nowohm Norot tlhtohm Iorohmoh Plrnuotoh Ocbroi, Prbstktusk foh Altuhosuskiooh
aiklh plalrjo slasuoi suikt fkduauc foh clhmlsocpkhmaoh plhmoauoh foioc nomkoh
Flhksk foioc Plroturoh Folrod Vuiohm
brohm uhtua clioauaoh plalrjooh slasuoi,
Nowohm Norot slrupo flhmoh Plroturoh
plalrjo slashyoiod yohm fkduauc.
plrtkcnohmoh plroturoh folrod khk nodwo eoatbr labhbckiod yohm clhmmlroaaoh
Folrod ]oy Aohoh hocuh slnomokcoho
(abhskflrohs) plroturoh folrod khk tlrfopot
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. 6/>006 Aonupotlh Iocpuhm Wliotoh tlhtohm Iorohmoh Prbstktusk, Plrnuotoh Ocbroi foh Plhglmodoh Plrnuotoh Coaskot
plrnlfooh clhmlhok plhjliosoh aoto ’prbstktusk.–– Foioc plroturoh folrod khk, ’prbstktusk. khk ,
Fosor plrtkcnohmoh plroturoh folrod khk clhyotoaoh nodwo prbstktusk, plrnuotoh
coahohyo fkturuhaoh fork Nodoso Iotkh
ocbroi, plrjufkoh foh plrnuotoh coaskot
doihyo Plroturoh Folrod Iocpuhm, Plroturoh Folrod Vuiohm Nowohm Norot tkfoa clhylrtoaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi sljlhks. Hocuh foioc nomkoh plrtkcnohmoh
006 Flhksk foioc Plroturoh Folrod Iocpuhm
slnliuc nomkoh khk fkslrtoaoh foioc \\
Wliotoh clhmlhok prbstktusk, plalrjo slasuoi
Pbrhbmro (Hb. 66/>004). Foioc flhkskhyo
foh cugkaork soco flhmoh flhksk yohm
tlhtohm pbrhbmro, plroturoh folrod khk ilnkd
fkmuhoaoh foioc Plrfo ]oy Aohoh. Wlrupo
flaot flhmoh Posoi >4> A\DP, alhfotk A\DP
flhmoh Aonupotlh ]oy Aohoh, Aonupotlh
nliuc clhylnutaoh clfko lilatrbhka. A\DP khk clhylnutaoh: ’Norohm skopo clhykoraoh, clcplrtuhjuaaoh otou clhlcpliaoh fk cuao ucuc tuiksoh, mocnoroh otou nlhfo yohm tliod fkaltoduk kskhyo cliohmmor alsuskiooh, otou norohm skopo flhmoh coasuf uhtua fkskoraoh, fkplrtuhjuaaoh otou fktlcpliaoh fk cuao ucuc, clcnkakh tuiksoh, mocnoroh otou nlhfo tlrslnut, clcosuaaohhyo al foioc hlmlrk, clhlrusaohhyo, clhmliuoraohhyo clhmliuoraohhyo fork hlmlrk, otou clckikak plrslfkooh, otoupuh norohm skopo slgoro tlrohm-tlrohmoh otou flhmoh clhmlforaoh surot tohpo fkckhto, clhoworaohhyo otou clhuhjuaaohhyo slnomok nkso fkplrbild, fkohgoc flhmoh pkfoho plhjoro poikhm ioco sotu toduh lhoc nuioh otou pkfoho flhfo poikhm tkhmmk lcpot rknu ikco rotus rupkod.–
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iuos, ocnkmu foh fopot clcnowo
tlrcosua tkhmmk. Foioc iopbroh khk aock
plhoeskroh foh plhlropoh sunjlatke bild
clioauaoh plhkhjouoh Plroturoh Folrod
plhlmoa duauc. Plroturoh folrod khk
fk Aonupotlh Cohfokikhm Hotoi, Aonupotlh
jumo clcuiusaoh joioh nomk alibcpba
Ionudohnotu foh Aonupotlh Wlrfohm Nlfomok.
cosyoroaot uhtua clhmmuhoaoh plroturoh folrod khk cliowoh alibcpba IMNVK_.
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Wlnomokcoho plroturoh folrod iokhhyo, Plroturoh Folrod Iocpuhm Wliotoh clhmmuhoaoh flhksk tlhtohm plrnuotoh
ocbroi yohm tkfoa slsuok flhmoh A\DP. P l r o t u r o h F o l r o d
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. =/>007 Aonupotlh Cohfokikhm Hotoi tlhtohm Plhglmodoh foh Plhohmmuiohmoh Plhyoakt Cosyoroaot juhgtb (Nlrdunuhmoh (Nlrdunuhmoh flhmoh) Plroturoh Folrod Hb. 7>/>00= flhmoh Jufui yohm Woco
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. =/>005 Aonupotlh Iocpuhm \toro
Foioc justkaosk Plroturoh Folrod Hb.
Plroturoh folrod khk soco flhmoh Plroturoh
plrkstkwo yohm tliod nlriohmsuhm clrupoaoh
Folrod Iocpuhm Wliotoh. Aonupotlh
’plhyoakt cosyoroaot yohm clhjkjkaaoh– foh
Iocpuhm \toro clhjkpioa sojo hosaod
tkfoa ofo sbiusk duauc yohm fkocnki foioc
Plroturoh Folrod Iocpuhm Wliotoh al foioc
nlhtua uhfohm-uhfohm uhtua clhglmod
plroturohhyo slhfkrk.
foh clhohmmuiohmk ’plhyoakt cosyoroaot–
=/>007 clhylnutaoh nodwo nlnlropo
fkcoasuf. Aorlhohyo uhtua clhgkptoaoh Cohfokikhm Hotoi yohm ’tlrtkn, ocoh foh hyocoh, yohm cosyoroaothyo nlrnufoyo foh
W\COVL^O \VO^O
nlromoco–,, plroturoh folrod khk fktlrnktaoh nlromoco– pofo toduh >007. Nlnlropo uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi yohm fkjofkaoh iohfosoh duauc Plroturoh Folrod Hb. =/>007 foh Plroturoh Folrod Hb. 7>/>00= ofoiod A\DP foh \\ Alsldotoh.
Wucotlro \toro ofoiod slnuod prbvkhsk
Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Cohfokikhm
yohm fkhocks foh cuitklthks. Wuau Clioyu
Hotoi fkcoasufaoh uhtua ’clikhfuhmk
foh Notoa ofoiod alibcpba lthks tlrnlsor.
cosyoroaot, clhfuauhm plhlmoaoh duauc
Cosyoroaot Clioyu slrto slnomkoh cosyoroaot
foh clhkhmaotaoh plrohoh cosyoroaot
Notoa ofoiod plcliua Ksioc yohm toot, slfohm
foioc clhglmod foh clhohmmuiohmk
slnomkoh cosyoroaot Notoa iokhhyo clcliua
nlriohmsuhmhyo plhylnoroh plrnuotoh yohm
Arkstlh. Ofohyo plralnuhoh sowkt foh
nlrdunuhmoh flhmoh altuho-suskiooh–. altuho-suskiooh–.
plralnuhoh aorlt yohm iuos clhorka sljuciod nlsor plhfotohm suau Jowo al prbvkhsk khk.
Flhksk plhyoakt cosyoroaot foioc plroturoh
Plrgocpuroh lthks ofoiod eoatbr pbiorksosk foh
folrod khk ofoiod ’plrkstkwo otou plrnuotoh
cosyoroaot yohm nlrnlfo tlrslnut tlrplgod, clhmoaknotaoh alrophyo nlhturoh ohtoro
yohm tlrjofk foioc cosyoroaot yohm tkfoa clhylhohmaoh otou clhmmohmmu cosyoroaot
clrlao. Vkhmaot aljodotoh slrto abrupsk
slrto tkfoa slsuok flhmoh omoco, nufoyo foh
5?
ltkao alsbpohoh.– Osos ’ bcnor fb ofot fbdbt
tlrslnut foioc Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh
omoco– nlrioau, yohm nlrcoaho nodwo ofot
Cohfokikhm Hotoi ofoiod aurohmhyo aljliosoh
foh omoco nlrjoioh slkrkhm.
foh almomoioh clclhudk syorot plrucusoh plruhfohm-uhfohmoh. Vkfoa jlios slplrtk
Flhksk coaskot ofoiod ’skaop foh iohmaod
opoaod pliohmmoroh ebrcoi ktu, ospla
yohm clhmdohguraoh ebhfosk aldkfupoh sbskoi foh cliohmmor hbrco-hbrco duauc
cohoaod foioc cosyoroaot yohm tlrmohmmu, nomokcoho cosyoroaot clroso tkfoa slhohm,
foh alnufoyooh noka yohm tliod fkotur duauc
otou oaknot nurua opoaod yohm plriu tlrjofk
coupuh yohm nliuc.– nliuc.– Plrnuotoh coaskot
omor slnuod plrnuotoh fopot fkohmmop
clhgoaup slmoio nlhtua plrzkhooh foh
slnomok plhyoakt cosyoroaot. Jumo tkfoa ofo
plrnuotoh-plrnuotoh yohm fopot clhmorod
aljliosoh tlhtohm oturoh omoco foh nufoyo
alpofo plrzkhooh slplrtk nlrjufk, ckhuc
cohoaod yohm sufod fkiohmmor omor slnuod
ckhucoh alros foh plhmmuhooh bnot
plrnuotoh fkohmmop plhyoakt cosyoroaot.
tlriorohm. Plrzkhooh fkflhkskaoh slnomok
dunuhmoh slasuoi suao soco suao fk iuor
Clhmkhmot nodwo Puiou Wucotlro tlrfkrk
plraowkhoh slrto dunuhmoh slasuoi yohm
fork nlrnomok alibcpba lthks flhmoh
fkioauaoh flhmoh poasooh bild soiod sotu
plrohmaot nufoyo yohm nlrnlfo, plrucusoh
pkdoa, flhmoh plcnlrkoh kcnoioh otou
yohm tlrfopot foioc plroturoh folrod
johjk uhtua clcnlrkaoh kcnoioh. Flhksk
tlrslnut clhjofk akoh clcnkhmuhmaoh.
plrzkhooh clhgoaup dunuhmoh slasuoi ohtoro
Gbhtbdhyo ibsb Jowo auhb clhmlhok opo
posohmoh nlrnlfo foh slsoco jlhks aliockh.
yohm fkohmmop plrnuotoh nurua‖yoktu 007 tlrslnut.
nodwo plfbcoh pkfoho foh duaucoh dorusiod clhmkautk duauc yohm ilnkd tkhmmk.
Ilnkd iohjut, alibcpba lthks tlrnlsor fk
Oaoh tltopk, tkfoa ofo uhfohm-uhfohm
Aonupotlh Cohfokikhm Hotoi yohm clrupoaoh
hoskbhoi yohm clhmogu pofo ’plhyoakt
suau Notoa foh slnliuchyo ofoiod plhmohut
cosyoroaot.–– Kstkiod khk tkfoa fktlcuaoh cosyoroaot.
ohkckscl, clckikak uhmaopoh yohm
foioc duauc Khfbhlsko, cliokhaoh
fkglrckhaoh foioc plroturoh folrod yohm
clrupoaoh slnuod kstkiod yohm fknohmuh
nlrsohmautoh, yoahk ’bcnor fb ofot fbdbt
slgoro sbskbibmks yohm nlrdunuhmoh flhmoh
omoco– (ofot foh omoco nlrjoioh slkrkhm
hkiok-hkiok yohm fkohut slgoro ucuc bild
otou ofot clhlhtuaoh omoco). Nlriokhoh
ohmmbto cosyoroaot clhmlhok plrkioau yohm
flhmoh ohmmopoh pbpuior nodwo hbrco ofot
fkkzkhaoh. ’Plrkioau yohm fkkzkhaoh– nlrskeot rliotke foh fopot nlrunod slkrkhm woatu slrto
khk nlrosoi fork ojoroh Ksioc, pofo eoatohyo doi khk tliod fkproatkaaoh bild cosyoroaot
susuhoh cosyoroaot. Oaknot plrucusoh
Notoa slnliuc clrlao clcliua Ksioc. Aock
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r o d d
5>
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r o d d
clhykhmmuhm doi khk uhtua clhuhjuaaoh
flhmoh brohm iokh. Hocuh foioc Plroturoh
nodwo tkfoaiod jlios oturoh ofot otou omoco
Folrod Aonupotlh Cohfokikhm Hotoi,
cohoaod yohm fkmuhoaoh uhtua clhlhtuaoh
plrzkhooh tlrcosua puio dunuhmoh slasuoi
’plhyoakt cosyoroaot– fk foioc plroturoh
suao soco suao ohtoro fuo brohm yohm tkfoa
folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh, aorlhohyo
tlrkaot plrhkaodoh (yohm, foioc A\DP, A\DP, nuaoh
clcnuao ruohm nomk cuitktoeskr foh cuhmakh soiod toeskr.
clrupoaoh aljodotoh), foh dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor plraowkhoh yohm sod. Nomokcohopuh, plroturoh folrod khk clhmoauk dunuhmoh
Ofopuh clhmlhok altlhtuoh foioc plroturoh
slasuoi foioc plrhkaodoh nowod tohmoh
folrod yohm fkcoasuf nodwo pkfoho foh
(skrrk ), ), yohm tkfoa fkoauk clhurut \\
duaucoh nomk plioau oaoh clhmkautk
Plraowkhoh aorlho tkfoa fkgototaoh slgoro
plroturoh yohm ilnkd tkhmmk (yohm fkcoasuf
duauc. Plrhkaodoh skrrk , yohm sod clhurut
ofoiod uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi), tliod
Ksioc, fopot tlrkaot uhtua woatu skhmaot
aock slnutaoh slnliuchyo nodwo tkfoa ofo
otou woatu tlrtlhtu, gbhtbdhyo ohtoro
uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi yohm clhylnut
plrlcpuoh Khfbhlsko flhmoh ioak-ioak Oron. foh
uhfohm hoskbhoi yohm clhmarkckhoiksosk
007 Aonupotlh Cohfokikhm Hotoi tlhtohm Nusoho Cusikc uhtua Ioak-ioak foh Plrlcpuoh
Flhksk plrzkhooh foioc A\DP ofoiod
Nomkoh plrtkcnohmoh plroturoh folrod khk
dunuhmoh slasuoi ohtoro fuo brohm yohm
clhyotoaoh nodwo plroturoh folrod khk
soiod sotuhyo tlrkaot plraowkhoh yohm sod
fkfosoraoh pofo Posoi >; oyot > \\F ?;6<
007 slgoro lelatke cliorohm
fkgopok jkao fkalibio bild —plclrkhtod yohm
alibcpba IMNVK_ uhtua clhmlasprlskaoh
nlrskd foh nlrwknowo‛ yohm nlalrjo uhtua
mlhflr pkikdoh clrlao. Plroturoh folrod
’clhglmod, clcnlhfuhm foh clcnlrskdaoh
khk jumo cliohmmor doa ioak-ioak slgoro
proatka-proatka ocbroi, slaoikmus mliohfohmoh
ucuc uhtua clhmlhoaoh glioho plhfla,
foh plhmlcks–.
otou plrlcpuoh yohm dlhfoa clhmlhoaoh rba plhfla, otou plrlcpuoh yohm tkfoa
Iohfosoh duauc plroturoh folrod khk ofoiod
khmkh clhmlhoaoh jkinon hocuh hocuh cuhmakh
\\ Btbhbck Folrod slrto nlnlropo uhfohm-
dlhfoa clhmlhoaoh alrufuhm (yohm slgoro
uhfohm hoskbhoi tlrcosua \\ Alsldotoh,
trofkskbhoi fkalhoaoh poro plrlcpuoh fk
A\DOP,, \\ Doa Ososk Cohusko, \\ A\DOP
wkioyod khk dkhmmo owoi onof al->0 slnliuc
Plrikhfuhmoh Ohoa, \\ Altlhomoalrjooh slrto
cosuahyo Ksioc al wkioyod khk). [ohm jumo
PP tlhtohm Mliohfohmoh foh Plhmlcks.
clhjofk prbnilcotka ofoiod nodwo poro pljonot omoco fknlrkaoh btbrktos uhtua
Clhurut plroturoh folrod khk: ocbroi
clhmbhtrbi plioasohooh plroturoh folrod
fkflhkskaoh slnomok dunuhmoh slasuoi fk
khk, yohm fopot clhkcnuiaoh alputusoh yohm
iuor plraowkhoh uhtua clhfopot kcnoioh
slwlhohm-wlhohm, adusushyo jkao clhfopot
hohskoi otou cotlrkoi nomk fkrk slslbrohm
plhmorud otou tlaohoh nlsor fork plcuao omoco uitro-abhslrvotke otou pbiksk cbroi
otou brohm iokh, slrto proatka-pr proatka-proatka oatka yohm nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh hbrco sbskoi, cbroi
slplrtk yohm tlrjofk fk prbvkhsk tltohmmo, Ogld.
foh omoco. Wlnuod kstkiod noru fkplralhoiaoh fkplralhoiaoh foioc plroturoh folrod khk‖—mkmbib ‛, yohm yoh m
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. 7>/>004 slrk G Hb. > Aonupotlh Ionudohnotu tlhtohm Iorohmoh Plrnuotoh Ocbroi, Mliohfohmoh foh Plhmlcks
fkflhkskaoh slnomok ioak-ioak yohm clioauaoh
dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor plraowkhoh uhtua clhfopot kcnoioh hohskoi otou cotlrkoi nomk
fkrkhyo otou nomk brohm iokhhyo, foh tlriknot foioc almkotoh yohm nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh
Plroturoh folrod khk nlriohfosaoh pofo
hbrco sbskoi, cbroi foh omoco. Flhmoh
ormuclh nodwo tlrjofk ’plhkhmaotoh proatka
flhksk —ocbroi— tlrslnut, plroturoh folrod khk
ocbroi fk tlcpot-tlcpot ucuc, slplrtk
nlrioau noka uhtua plrlcpuoh foh ioak-ioak.
soibh, aoel, dbtli slrto tlcpot iokhhyo, yohm nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh hbrco omoco
]orko jumo fkpohfohm ocbroi foh
slrto cbroiktos, foh clhmohgoc slrto
fkflhkskaoh slnomok: ioak-ioak yohm tocpoa
5<
slplrtk plrlcpuoh noka slgoro ska slrto
fk tlcpot ucuc slrto Posoi 00= Aonupotlh Wlrfohm Nlfomok tlhtohm Iorohmoh Plrnuotoh Ocbroi, Mliohfohmoh foh Plhmlcks
clcnlrk clrlao uohm aorlho roso aoskdoh.
Wlnomokcoho yohm clhjofk fosor
Plhmlcks fopot clioauaoh doi khk slgoro
plrtkcnohmoh foioc Plroturoh Folrod
khfkvkfuoi otou foioc alibcpba tlrbrmohksosk.
Aonupotlh Ionudohnotu, Plroturoh Folrod
clhmmliohfohm fk tlcpot-tlcpot ucuc. Plhmlcks fkflhkskaoh slnomok brohm yohm
clhgork hoeaod flhmoh goro clhmlcks otou flhmoh clhmmuhoaoh algogotoh ska
Aonupotlh Wlrfohm Nlfomok clhmuhmaopaoh Flhksk yohm fkmuhoaoh foioc plroturoh
alnutudoh uhtua ’clcnlhfuhm proatka-
folrod khk aurohm ilnkd slsuok flhmoh flhksk
proatka alosuskiooh, mliohfohmoh foh
yohm fkmuhoaoh foioc plroturoh folrod iokh
plhmlcks‛ foioc rohmao —clhglmod
tlhtohm plrnuotoh ocbroi otou prbstktusk.
plhylnoroh DKU/OKFW DKU/OKFW slrto plhyoakt-
Vkfoa ofo khfkaosk opoaod dunuhmoh slasuoi
plhyoakt iokhhyo‛, foh uhtua clhjockh nodwo
iuor plraowkhoh yohm ’ocbroi– clhmogu
plhfufua Wlrfohm Nlfomok tuhfua pofo
dohyo pofo dunuhmoh slasuoi nlrnlfo otou soco aliockh. Vocpoahyo alhfotk
hbrco omoco, nufoyo foh sbskoi. Fkhyotoaoh puio nodwo plclrkhtod folrod Wlrfohm
almkotoh slasuoi yohm fkioauaoh worko
Nlfomok clhmkhmkhaoh cosyoroaothyo uhtua
fkohmmop pliohmmoroh, clhjofk worko otou
—toot alpofo Pohgoskio‛ foh —rlikmkus, cbflrh
clhmlasprlskaoh plrkioau trohsmlhflr slgoro
foh abcpltktke‛.
hbhslasuoi tkfoa fkiorohm. Wlrupo flhmoh Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Ionudohnotu
Ionudohnotu, plrohgohm Plroturoh Folrod
khk nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh Posoi 76 \\F ?;6<
Wlrfohm Nlfomok clcplrtodohaoh tujuoh
yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo eoakr cksakh foh
plroturoh folrod khk yoahk —uhtua clikhfuhmk
ohoa tlriohtor clhjofk tohmmuhm jowon
fork plrtucnudoh juciod mliohfohmoh
Hlmoro. Hocuh, plroturoh folrod khk sljoioh
foh plhmlcks yohm clioauaoh almkotoh
flhmoh posoi foioc posoi ? toduh foh nliuc aowkh. Arktlrko khk
clcosuaaoh foetor arktlrko.
tkfoa slsuok flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi.
Wlslbrohm fkflhkskaoh slnomok ocbroi
Plhmlcks fkflhkskaoh slnomok brohm
jkao clioauaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor
yohm —clhgork hoeaod flhmoh clhmlcks
plraowkhoh flhmoh brohm iokh yohm nlrnlfo
fk tlcpot ucuc‛ foh clclhudk arktlrko
jlhks aliockh uhtua tujuoh clhfopot kcnoioh
nlrkaut: nlrucur ohtoro > dkhmmo 50 toduh,
hohskoi otou cotlrkoi nomk fkrkhyo otou nomk
clhmlcks al rucod-rucod plhfufua, tbab,
fkrk brohm iokh. Brohm-brohm yohm tlrcosua
plrskcpohmoh iocpu joioh, posor, tlcpot
foioc aioskaosk khk ofoiod plrlcpuoh
plrknofotoh foh tlcpot-tlcpot ucuc
tkfoa nlrcbroi (]VW1 ]ohkto Vuho Wuskio),
iokhhyo, foh —clcohgkhm roso kno flhmoh
pliogur, cugkaork foh mkmbib (yoahk (yoahk clrlao
nlrpuro-puro soakt, clhmlrohm, tlraofohm
yohm tlriknot foioc dunuhmoh slasuoi
nlrfbo otou clcnogo oyot sugk.‛ Clsak
trohsoaskbhoi) foh worko‖yohm tlrcosua
clrlao clioauaohhyo fkoc-fkoc hocuh
al foioc arktlrko nlrkaut: nlrucur ?; toduh
jliosiod nodwo fbo yohm clrlao clrlao iohtuhaoh
otou ilnkd, nlalrjo fk tlcpot ucuc, tlcpot-
fkcoasufaoh uhtua clcufodaoh almkotoh
tlcpot prbstktusk otou rucod nbrfki foh
clhmlcks clrlao.
tlcpot-tlcpot ocbroi iokhhyo slplrtk woruhm rlcohm-rlcohm, dbtli, coii otou fksabtla/
]oioupuh Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh
aiun cuska.
Wlrfohm Nlfomok Hb. >00= clhylnutaoh
Vlcpot-tlcpot ocbroi fkflhkskaoh slnomok
nodwo iohfosoh duauc uhtua plroturoh folrod khk ofoiod PP Hb. 7?/?;40 tlhtohm
tlcpot yohm fkmuhoaoh uhtua ’clhmofoaoh
Mliohfohmoh, topk tlrfopot plrunodoh coaho.
trohsoask otou uhtua clhfopot kcnoioh
Coasuf PP yohm nlrsohmautoh nuaohiod
ioyohoh slasuoi, foh tlcpot-tlcpot yohm fk
uhtua clhmarkckhoiksosk plhmlcks foh
foiochyo fkioauaoh prbstktusk noka slclhtoro
mliohfohmoh hocuh uhtua clrldonkiktosk
otou plrcohlh–.
clrlao, noka flhmoh clhlcpotaoh clrlao fk ilcnomo-ilcnomo sbskoi, clhmlcnoikaoh
Mliohfohmoh fkflhkskaoh slnomok brohm
clrlao alpofo brohm tuo otou ikhmauhmoh
yohm dkfup fk Aonupotlh khk flhmoh abhfksk
clrlao, slrto clhylfkoaoh plalrjooh foh
yohm tkfoa slsuok flhmoh hbrco sbskoi ‖
clcnlrfoyoaoh clrlao slgoro labhbck.
cksoihyo, tkfoa clckikak tlcpot tkhmmoi,
Hocuh, Plroturoh Folrod Wlrfohm Nlfomok
plhmohmmuroh, clhmmliohfohm fk tlcpot ucuc, foh clclhudk arktlrko nlrkaut: tkfoa
clionli mliohfohmoh foh plhmlcks slnomok brohm-brohm plcoios yohm cliohmmor hbrco
clckikak tlcpot tkhmmoi yohm tltop foh
omoco foh sbskoi. Coasuf plroturoh folrod
5=
khk ofoiod uhtua clhmduauc flhmoh flhfo
Wlnomokcoho doihyo flhmoh nohyoa plroturoh
nlrot cuiok fork sotu dkhmmo slpuiud juto
folrod iokhhyo, plroturoh folrod khk jumo
^upkod otou duaucoh plhjoro cuiok ?< dork
clhmarkckhoiksosk dunuhmoh slasuoi suao
dkhmmo tkmo nuioh (Posoi 7).
soco suao ohtor brohm flwoso noka slsoco aliockh foh dunuhmoh slasuoi nlrnlfo
Foioc doi khk, plroturoh folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh slgoro duauc tkfoa
aliockh slnomok prbstktusk. Foioc doi khk, plroturoh folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh tkfoa
nlriohfosaoh PP Hb. 7?/?;40 tlhtohm
slsuok flhmoh uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi.
Mliohfohmoh cliokhaoh pofo Posoi 76
A\DP dohyo clhmduauc cugkaork foh nuaoh
Abhstktusk foh \\ Hb. 5/?;=6 5/?;=6 tlhtohm
plalrjo slashyo.
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
Alsljodtlrooh Wbskoi (yohm alcufkoh fkmohtkaoh flhmoh \\ Hb. ??/>00;).
Clsak plroturoh folrod khk clhmogu alpofo
Hocuh plroturoh folrod khk nlrtlhtohmoh
\\ Hb. ?0/>006 tlhtohm Plcnlhtuaoh
puio flhmoh Abhstktusk foh \\ tsn,
Plroturoh Plruhfohm-uhfohmoh, plrucusoh
yohm clwojknaoh plclrkhtod uhtua
plroturoh folrod yohm nlrsohmautoh
clcnlrfoyoaoh slgoro sbskoi, nuaoh
sohmotiod joud fk nowod stohfor plrucusoh
uhtua clhmarkckhoiksosk brohm-brohm yohm
uhfohm-uhfohm. Vlrfopot nohyoa plrunodoh
clhmoiock cosoiod sbskoi slplrtk alcksakhoh,
foioc flhksk, yohm tocpoahyo ilnkd
clrlao yohm slgoro sbskoi clckikak ’plrkioau
fkslnonaoh alrohguoh nlrpkakr prknofk poro
clhykcpohm–,, otou abrnoh nlhgoho oioc, clhykcpohm–
plrucushyo forkpofo nlrfosoraoh flhksk
alalrosoh, laspibktosk foh fksarkckhosk.
yohm fkslpoaotk foioc uhfohm-uhfohm foh
Brohm-brohm khk, clhurut uhfohm-uhfohm
plroturoh hoskbhoi.
hoskbhoi, dorusiod fknlrfoyoaoh slgoro sbskoi, fknlrkaoh plioyohoh, plrikhfuhmoh foh rldonkiktosk (Oyot 5). Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Wlrfohm Nlfomok Hb. >00=
W\IO]LWK WLIOVOH
cliohmmor uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi yohm fkaiokchyo clhjofk fosor. Nodoyo plroturoh folrod khk nomk abcuhktos IMNVK_ ofoiod nodwo plroturoh folrod khk clhmarkckhoiksosk ohoa-ohoa tkfoa cocpu, tlrcosua rlcojo IMNVK_ yohm cuhmakh fkuskr fork rucod bild aliuormohyo
Abhfksk labhbck prbvkhsk khk clhkhmaot
foh dkfup fk joiohoh foh/otou foh/otou tlrpoaso
slflckakoh plsot dkhmmo plclrkhtod
clioauaoh plalrjooh slnomok plalrjo slas
folrodhyo clhmaiokc prbvkhsk khk slnomok
uhtua nlrtodoh dkfup. Plroturoh folrod
Vktka Vlhmod Khfbhlsko. Hocuh, adusushyo fk
khk tkfoa clcnlrkaoh clrlao fuauhmoh
Coaossor yohm clrupoaoh knuabto prbvkhsk,
yohm clrlao nutudaoh foh clhjofk
tkhmaot alcksakhohhyo foh arkckhoiktos guaup
doa clrlao slsuok flhmoh plroturoh
tkhmmk, tlrcosua mlhm -mlhm plioau plioau aljodotoh.
plruhfohm-uhfohmoh hoskbhoi.
Ksioc guaup auot fk prbvkhsk khk, foh tlrfopot nlnlropo alibcpba Ksioc morks alros ‖slplrtk DVK foh EPK.
P l r o t u r o h F o l r
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54
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r
o d
Wuiowlsk Wliotoh clckikak lcpot alibcpba
Cusikc uhtua —clhmmocnoraoh khsoh otou
lthks utoco: Coaossor, Numks, Cohfor foh
cosyoroaot yohm toot foh soild alpofo Vudoh
Vbrojo, Vbr ojo, yohm clcliua omoco nlrnlfo-
slrto clhmocoiaoh ojoroh Ksioc‛ (Posoi >).
nlfo. Cosyoroaot Numks clckikak skstlc
Wliokh ktu, cosyoroaot dorusiod clhmlhoaoh
ikco mlhflr. Poro plhflto trohsmlhflr
nusoho Cusikc foioc alsldorkoh, noka fk
foh khtlrslas fkalhoi slnomok nkssu. Wlcoso plcnlrbhtoaoh bild alibcpba
rucod otoupuh fk tlcpot ucuc, slrto clhutupk ohmmbto tunud (ourot ) slcoso
euhfoclhtoiks Ksioc pofo toduh ?;00< Aonupotlh Corbs
Foioc Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Corbs, clhmlhoaoh nusoho Cusikc jumo fkdoropaoh fopot clhkhmaotaoh cortonot foh clhglmod thod tlrdofop ucot Ksioc.
Oiosoh yohm fkmuhoaoh uhtua fkaliuoraohhyo plroturoh folrod khk ofoiod nodwo Posoi
Posoi < Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh
>; oyot > \\F ?;6< clhjockh alnlnosoh
Nuiuaucno clhsyorotaoh sliurud plalrjo,
nlromoco foh nlrknofot, aorlhohyo
pliojor foh skswo slabiod aljuruoh fosor
clhjustkaosk plhlropoh proatka Ksiock fk
foh clhlhmod Ksiock, slrto slabiod-slabiod
Aonupotlh Nuiuaucno foh Corbs fk Prbvkhsk
omoco uhtua clhmlhoaoh nusoho Cusikc fk
Wuiowlsk Wliotoh.
aohtbr-aohtbr plclrkhtodoh, slabiod hlmlrk
Iohfosoh duauc nomk alfuo plroturoh
foh swosto, ilcnomo-ilcnomo plhfkfkaoh iokhhyo, slrto fk foioc foh fk iuor ikhmauhmoh
folrod tlrslnut fkfosoraoh pofo nlrnomok
slabiod, foh jumo foioc ogoro-ogoro rlsck.
uhfohm-uhfohm clhmlhok btbhbck folrod
Nusoho Cusikc clrupoaoh alwojknoh nomk
slrto foioc \\ Hb. >/?;4; tlhtohm Wkstlc
plhmdknur/plhyohyk, plhmdknur/ plhyohyk, foh clrlao dorus
Plhfkfkaoh Hoskbhoi, slrto foioc Alpprls
clhutupk ourot clrlao. clrlao.
Hb. 66/?;;; tlhtohm Vlahka Plhyusuhoh Plruhfohm-uhfohmoh.
Noka fk Nuiuaucno foh Corbs, flhksk
nusoho Cusikc nomk ioak-ioak ofoiod nlrupo Posoi > Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh
glioho pohjohm, glioho slnotos iutut, foh
Nuiuaucno clhsyorotaoh ioak-ioak foh
alcljo ilhmoh pohjohm. Plrlcpuoh dorus
plrlcpuoh Cusikc clhmlhoaoh nusoho
clhmlhoaoh junod pohjohm yohm clhutupk
5? FK/VKK (Forui Ksioc, Vlhtoro Ksioc Khfbhlsko) Khfbhlsko) ofoiod slnuod alibcpba plcnlrbh plcnlrbhtoa toa euhfoclhtoiks Ksioc yohm clhmdlhfoak Khfbhlsko clhjofk clhjofk hlmoro Ksioc. Clrlao clckikak nosks yohm auot tlrutoco fk Wuiowlsk Wliotoh foh Jowo Norot.
5;
pkhmmui, noju otou glioho pohjohm yohm
slsuok flhmoh plroturoh folrod. Doi khk
clhutupk aoak dkhmmo al plrmliohmoh, slrto
jlios clrupoaoh slnuod nlhtua fksarkckhosk
jkinon yohm yohm clhutupk rocnut, tlikhmo, ildlr
aorlho clhmurohmk pliuohm labhbck
foh fofo. Nusoho plrlcpuoh dorusiod tkfoa
plrlcpuoh‖clrlao tkfoa fopot clhyohyk
trohsporoh otou altot.
fohmfut otou clclhtosaoh torkoh lrbtks
Plclhudoh tlrdofop hbrco nlrnusoho
trofkskbhoi slplrtk cksoihyo toyun foioc foioc nusoho Cusikc trofkskbhoi.
Cusikc fkpohtou bild Nupotk foh/otou pljonot iokh yohm fktuhjua bildhyo, tbabd
Kcpikaosk plroturoh folrod khk tlrdofop
cosyoroaot slrto uioco.
alibcpba IMNVK_ nlrcogoc-cogoc,
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
tlrutoco, alibcpba IMNV fkpohfohm Plrohgohm plroturoh folrod tlhtohm nusoho
clcnowo plhyoakt clhuior foh nlrosoi
Cusikc khk clhyotoaoh roso glcos oaoh
fork nufoyo oskhm, alalrosoh foh cokh
mibnoiksosk, foh clcplrtodohaoh nodwo
doakc slhfkrk tlrdofop khsoh IMNVK_
cosyoroaot Wuiowlsk Wliotoh ’dorusiod
—fkilmoiaoh‛‛ foh altkfoapotudoh pofo nusoho —fkilmoiaoh nu soho
clcnlhtlhmk fkrkhyo slrto mlhlrosk
Cusikc, yohm clhmuhfohm plrdotkoh yohm
clhfotohm dkhmmo akto tkfoa tlrjlrucus
tkfoa fkkhmkhaoh tlrdofop alibcpba IMNV, IMNV,
al nufoyo yohm tkfoa slsuok flhmoh ojoroh
clcoaso alibcpba trohsmlhflr CVE foh
omoco foh nufoyo n ufoyo akto.– akto.– Altoautoh tlrslnut
EVC pofo ucuchyo, uhtua tuhfua pofo
ofoiod, nodwo clioiuk mibnoiksosk, nusoho
hbrco nlrnusoho slsuok mlhflr yohm
fkplralhoiaoh slnomok slnuod ’nlhtua
dltlrbhbrcotke.
plhjojodoh nufoyo–.
tlcpot fk Khfbhlsko, plrlcpuoh ucuchyo
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. ;/>006 Aonupotlh Iuwu Vkcur tlhtohm Altlrtknoh \cuc
dohyo clhmlhoaoh alrufuhm ibhmmor foh
Fk Aonupotlh Iuwu Vkcur, ’ocbroi–
nuaoh jkinon yohm yohm clhutupk rocnut, tlikhmo
fkflhkskaoh slsuok flhmoh bpkhk punika
foh ildlr. Jkinon nlrosoi nlrosoi fork nufoyo Oron foh
slnomok slnuod ’dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor
aorlhohyo clrupoaoh slnuod nlhtua lilclh oskhm fk Khfbhlsko.
plrhkaodoh flhmoh kcnoioh uohm otou joso, foh clhmmohmmu altlrtknoh altlrtkno h ucuc. ucuc.–– Clsak
Fk Nuiuaucno foh Corbs slrto fk nohyoa
plroturoh folrod khk tkfoa slgoro laspikskt Plrlcpuoh slgoro ucuc, hocuh adusushyo
clhylnutaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi slsoco
yohm nlrprbelsk slnomok plhyohyk, gbhtbdhyo
jlhks aliockh, clioauaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi
plhyohyk fohmfut,5> clhmoiock focpoa
slsoco jlhks aliockh fopot fktoeskraoh fktoeskraoh
hlmotke bild plroturoh folrod tlhtohm nusoho
’clhmmohmmu altlrtknoh ucuc– foh
Cusikc. Plalrjooh clrlao clhmdorusaoh
fopot puio fkduauc aorlho cliknotaoh
clrlao clhmlhoaoh rkosoh wojod foh
dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor plraowkhoh.
tlraofohm nusoho yohm tlrnuao. Clhurut plroturoh folrod khk, nodaoh plhyohyk dorus clhylsuokaoh moyo nlrpoaokoh clrlao omor
5> Wlcogoc torkoh fkslrtok hyohykoh hyohykoh ados Khfbhlsko yohm pbpuior nlrkroco gocpuroh Clioyu foh pofohm poskr foh omoa lrbtks. lrbtks.
P l r o t u r o h F o l r
o d
=0
W\COVL^O WLIOV WLIOVOH OH
Doa Ososk Cohusko, PP Hb. ;/?;4< ;/?;4< tlhtohm
A r k c
Plhmlhfoikoh Plrjufkoh slrto \\ Plrs.
k h o i k s
Flhksk clhmlhok doi-doi yohm fkiorohm
o s k
clikputk: • Coaskot ‗ ‗ plrnuotoh ocbroi: sltkop
C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r
o d
Pskabtrbpkao, \\ Hb. 7;/?;;; tlhtohm
plrnuotoh bild ohmmbto cosyoroaot yohm Wucotlro Wliotoh clrupoaoh prbvkhsk
clhmdohguraoh ebhfosk aldkfupoh sbskoi
omrkauitur yohm jumo aoyo flhmoh sucnlr
foh cliohmmor hbrco omoco, cbroiktos,
foyo oioc, cksoihyo ckhyoa. Wucotlro Wliotoh
nufoyo foh uhfohm-uhfohm yohm sod1
clrupoaoh osoi alrojooh Dkhfu Wrkwkjoyo.
•
Prbstktusk ofoiod dunuhmoh slasuoi fk
Pofo onof al-?00> Prbvkhsk Wucotlro Wliotoh tlhtohm Plcnlrohtosoh Plrnuotoh Ocbroi
bild ioak-ioak otou plrlcpuoh fk iuor plraowkhoh1 •
Plilgldoh slasuoi ofoiod plrnuotoh
Plroturoh folrod khk clhmotur prbstktusk,
yohm clhuruhaoh doraot foh cortonot
plrzkhooh, dbcbslasuoiktos, ilsnkohkscl,
slslbrohm, noka ioak-ioak foh plrlcpuoh,
sbfbck, plrabsooh, plilgldoh slasuoi,
bild slslbrohm otou slalibcpba brohm,
pbrhboask, plrjufkoh, pbrhbmro, clckhuc/ clhjuoi ckhucoh nlroiabdbi foh horabtkao
foioc abhbtosk slasuoi yohm tkfoa clhylhohmaoh brohm tlrslnut1
(Posoi 7/?;;;
Posoi 6 Plroturoh Folrod Prbvkhsk Wucotlro Wliotoh Hb. ?7/>00> ilnkd iohjut clhylnutaoh
tlhtohm Alsldotoh, \\ Hb. 007 clhyotoaoh
tkhfoaoh osuskio forkpofo Plroturoh Folrod
duaucoh ckhkcoi tkmo nuioh foh coaskcoi
Wucotlro Wliotoh yohm ilnkd tkhmmk.
lhoc nuioh, otou flhfo cuiok fuo sltlhmod dkhmmo ikco juto ^upkod. Plrnlfooh
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. 7/>007 Aonupotlh Iodot tlhtohm Iorohmoh Prbstktusk foh Plrnuotoh Osuskio
iokhhyo ofoiod nodwo plroturoh folrod khk
Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Iodot khk
yohm nlrnlfo tlrdofop cugkaork, yoahk
clhyotoaoh nodwo plraowkhoh clrupoaoh
’ioak-ioak otou plrlcpuoh yohm clhylfkoaoh
kaotoh iodkr notkh ohtoro slbrohm ioak-ioak flhmoh slbrohm plrlcpuoh. Dunuhmoh
tlcpot, clhmotur, otou clhjofk plrohtoro slrto clikhfuhmk pliogur–. pliogur–.
clhmmbibhmaoh cugkaork slnomok ’tkhfoa pkfoho rkhmoh– foh clhmmuhoaoh flhksk
slasuoi dohyo sod ohtoro ioak-ioak foh plrlcpuoh, yohm nlrortk nodwo dunuhmoh
Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Iodot
slasuoi slsoco jlhks aliockh fkohmmop slnomok
clckfohoaoh cugkaork foh plalrjo
plrnuotoh osuskio foh/otou foh/otou plioguroh.
slasuoi. Wlnomok tocnodoh, plroturoh folrod khk clcplriuos flhksk prbstktusk
Posoi ? plroturoh folrod khk clhflhkskaoh
yohm clhgoaup jumo dunuhmoh
prbstktusk slnomok nlrkaut:
slasuoi slsoco jlhks aliockh uhtua
•
Prbstktusk foh plrnuotoh osuskio clhmogu
kcnoioh cotlrkoi otou hbhcotlrkoi.
pofo ioak-ioak foh plrlcpuoh yohm clioauaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi flhmoh
Fk nowod A\DP, A\DP, cugkaork foh nuaoh nu aoh plalrjo
slslbrohm yohm nlrnlfo jlhks aliockh fk iuor plraowkhoh, otou flhmoh posohmoh
slashyo, fkpkfoho uhtua aljodotoh prbstktusk foh plrfomohmoh cohusko. Cugkaork jumo
sljlhks flhmoh tujuoh clcplrbild
fkplrioauaoh slnomok plrnuotoh pkfoho. Posoi
=7
>;5 nlrnuhyk ’Norohm skopo flhmoh slhmojo
Wliotoh Hb. ?7/>00>, plroturoh folrod khk
clhylnonaoh otou clcufodaoh plrnuotoh
clhykcpohm fork plroturoh folrod tkhmaot
gonui bild brohm iokh flhmoh brohm iokh,
prbvkhsk yohm dklrorakhyo ilnkd tkhmmk,
foh clhjofkaohhyo slnomok plhgorkoh otou
foioc nlnlropo goro. [ohm poikhm clhgbiba
alnkosooh, fkohgoc flhmoh pkfoho plhjoro
ofoiod flhksk alpuosoh syodwot fk fk iuor
poikhm ioco sotu toduh lcpot nuioh otou pkfoho flhfo poikhm nohyoa ikco nlios rknu
plraowkhoh, yohm foioc Plroturoh Folrod Poilcnohm fkohmmop prbstktusk. Plroturoh
^upkod.–– Posoi />006 tlhtohm Plcnlrohtosoh Prbstktusk
clhfotohmk pliogur, clhmofoaoh plioguroh,
Plroturoh Folrod Abto Poilcnohm khk
pbtlhskoi nlrioau nomk brohm-brohm flhmoh
clhmotur prbstktusk, yohm fkflhkskaoh
brklhtosk slasuoi ilsnkoh, moy otou nkslasuoi.
clikhfuhmk pliogur, foh clcplrnbildaoh plioguroh. Wliurud flhksk khk slgoro
foh clhgoaup puio dbcbslasuoiktos, ilsnkohkscl, sbfbck foh pbrhbmro. Vujuoh
\htua oiosoh-oiosoh yohm fkslnutaoh fk
yohm fkhyotoaoh bild plroturoh folrod khk
otos, Plroturoh Folrod Abto Poilcnohm jumo
ofoiod uhtua clcnlrohtos prbstktusk foioc
nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh A\DP slrto uhfohm-
slmoio nlhtua foioc rohmao ’clhgkptoaoh
uhfohm hoskbhoi iokhhyo yohm tliod ofo.
cosyoroaot yohm nlrskd, tlrtkn, nlrcbroi foh
Hb. >7/?;;; tlhtohm Alsldotoh, foh \\ Hb.
Plrfo Hb. >7/>005 Aonupotlh Bmoh Abclrkhm tlhtohm Plcnlrohtosoh Alosuskiooh
7;/?;;; tlhtohm Alsldotoh.
Plroturoh folrod khk clhjkpioa altlhtuoh-
Posoi 4 Plroturoh Folrod Abto Poilcnohm
altlhtuoh foioc Plrfo Prbvkhsk Wucotlro Wliotoh Hb. ?7/>00>.
nlrltkao tkhmmk slrto nlrnufk iudur.– iudur.– Iohfosoh duauc plroturoh folrod khk ofoiod A\DP, A\DP, \\
clhflhkskaoh prbstktusk slnomok
tohpo clhlrkco kcnoioh noka nlrupo
Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Cuoro Lhkc Hb. 7/>00< juhgtb Plrfo Hb. ?7O/?;4; foh Plroturoh Folrod Hb. ?6/?;;7 tlhtohm Plhglmodoh Plrnuotoh Ocbroi
uohm otou foioc nlhtua iokh.– Plrnuotoh
Vlrckhbibmk Vlrckhbib mk yohm fkmuhoaoh uhtua ocbroi
prbstktusk tlrcosua: dbcbslasuoiktos,
(tuho suskio) clhglrckhaoh pohfohmoh
ilsnkohkscl, sbfbck, plilgldoh slasuoi,
cosyoroaot Khfbhlsko altkao prbstktusk
foh plrnuotoh pbrhbmro iokhhyo.
fkflhkskaoh uiohm pofo zocoh Brfl Noru
Alhfotk plroturoh folrod khk fkfosoraoh
slnomok plrlcpuoh ocbroi (]VW1 ]ohkto Vuho Wuskio).
plrnuotoh ’yohm fkioauaoh flhmoh slhmojo bild sltkop brohm otou alibcpba flhmoh coasuf uhtua clhgork alpuosoh syodwot fk iuor plraowkhoh yohm sod, flhmoh otou
pofo Plroturoh Folrod Prbvkhsk Wucotlro
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r
o d
=6
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r
o d
Plrnuotoh ocbroi fkflhkskaoh slnomok
Hbhplclrkhtod), tlrcosua nlnlropo
’dunuhmoh slasuoi fk iuor plraowkhoh otou
alibcpba oatkvks plrlcpuoh foh
plrnuotoh gonui iokhhyo yohm fkioauaoh bild
alibcpba IMNVK_. [bmyoaorto fkplrkhtod
plrlcpuoh otou ioak-ioak yohm clikhtosk
bild Wuitoh Doclhmau Nuwbhb. Wlgoro
joioh flhmoh coasuf clhfopot plhmdoskioh
dkstbrks, plhfufua prbvkhsk khk clhmohut
fork plioguroh otou yohm clhyurud brohm iokh clioauaoh plrnuotoh khk flhmoh tujuoh
omoco skharltks Ksioc-Jowo (aljowlh).
clhfopot kcnoioh hohskoi uhtua fkrkhyo
Foioc nlnlropo toduh tlroadkr,
slhfkrk otou uhtua brohm iokh. iokh.–– Flhksk khk
Cudoccofkyod slrto alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-alibcpba
clhmohfuhm alrohguoh (nkos) tlrdofop alios
euhfoclhtoiks Cusikc iokhhyo clhjofk
sbskoi slnon clhyosor brohm-brohm tkfoa
ilnkd oatke, tlrcosua t lrcosua alibcpba-alibcpba
cocpu yohm clioauaoh plioguroh fk joiohoh.
ckiktoh slplrtk EPK (Erbht Plcnlio Ksioc) foh E\K (Ebruc \cot Ksioc). Vkhmaot
]oioupuh plroturoh folrod khk nlrioau nomk
khtbilrohsk clhkhmaot. Pbiksk cbroi nlralikikhm
ioak-ioak foh plrlcpuoh, pofo plhlropohhyo
flhmoh slplfo cbtbr, clhmohgoc
dohyo plrlcpuoh foh worko yohm fktodoh
skopo puh yohm tkfoa clrlao suaok.
aorlho clioauaoh ’plrnuotoh ocbroi.– ocbroi.– ]orko slnliuchyo fopot tlrikdot jlios fk Wlnomok gototoh, flhksk prbstktusk foioc
pusot abto slnomok plhmdknur foh plalrjo
plroturoh folrod khk tkfoa clikputk
slasuoi, clsak clrlao slioiu clhjofk sunjla
dunuhmoh slasuoi slsoco jlhks aliockh,
plhbioaoh cosyoroaot, akhk clrlao akoh
dbcbslasuoiktos, ilsnkohkscl otou slas ohoi,
fkowosk nodaoh dohyo aorlho clikhtos fk
tkfoa slplrtk plroturoh folrod iokhhyo yohm
joiohoh. Dkhmmo owoi >0?5, tlrfopot slnuod
fknodos foioc iopbroh khk.
slabiod omoco (plsohtrlh) uhtua worko fk ikhmauhmoh nlrsljorod fk Abto Mlfl, hocuh slabiod tlrslnut akhk fktutup slgoro poaso foh nlnlropo worko fktodoh uhtua
[BM[OAO^V O [BM[OAO^VO
fkakrkc al aocp —rldonkiktosk‛ (ikdot prbi
oadkr foioc iopbroh khk). Wlnuod wkioyod yohm fuiu fk foiochyo poro plalrjo slasuoi clioauaoh plalrjoohhyo jumo fktutup. \htua iopbroh khk aock clcnodos slnuod plroturoh folrod yohm fksusuh bild plclrkhtod folrod Aonupotlh Nohtui. Folrod Kstkclwo [bmyoaorto ofoiod slnuod
jumo pusot plhfkfkaoh flhmoh nohyoahyo
Plroturoh Folrod Hb. 00= Aonupotlh Nohtui tlhtohm Iorohmoh Prbstktusk
uhkvlrsktos fk foiochyo, slaoikmus pusot
Wlnomokcoho foioc nlnlropo plroturoh
brmohksosk pliojor Cusikc cuiok fork yohm
folrod iokhhyo yohm clcohfohm prbstktusk
prbmrlske dkhmmo yohm euhfoclhtoiks. Fk [bmyoaorto [b myoaorto nohyoa tlrfopot HMB (Hbh-
slnomok plrnuotoh ocbroi, Plroturoh Folrod Aonupotlh Nohtui clhyotoaoh nodwo
Mbvlrhclht Brmohkzotkbh1 Brmohksosk
plioguroh fkpohfohm fopot —clrlhfodaoh
prbvkhsk yohm fkhocok slsuok Abto [bmyoaorto, [bmyoaorto, slnuod abto wksoto yohm nlrmokrod foh
=<
cortonot slslbrohm foh nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh
fkohmmop ’plioguroh– foh clrupoaoh
omoco, kflbibmk Pohgoskio slrto flhmoh
pliohmmoroh yohm fopot fkduauc.
cbroiktos ucuc.‛ Ilnkd iohjut plroturoh folrod khk clhyotoaoh nodwo plioguroh
A\DP clckikak flhksk yohm nlrnlfo
—clhmmohmmu alsldotoh cosyoroaot,
clhmlhok plrnuotoh gonui. Posoi >4;
alocohoh, altlrtknoh ucuc slrto clhgkptoaoh alrlsodoh foioc cosyoroaot,
clcnodos plrnuotoh gonui foioc abhtlas alalrosoh slfohmaoh Posoi >;0 clcnodos
aorlhohyo plioguroh dorus fkiorohm fk sliurud
plrnuotoh gonui yohm cliknotaoh brohm
wkioyod Aonupotlh Nohtui. Nohtui.‛‛
yohm tkfoa soforaoh fkrk otou ohoa fk nowod ucur ?< toduh. Posoi >;> clhmduauc
Flhksk prbstktusk foioc plroturoh folrod
dunuhmoh slasuoi flhmoh posohmoh slsoco
khk ofoiod nodwo plioguroh clrupoaoh
jlhks aliockh yohm nliuc flwoso, foh
—slplrohmaot proatka yohm fkioauaoh bild
Posoi >;7 clhmduauc sltkop brohm yohm
brohm otou brmohksosk yohm cliknotaoh
clhylnonaoh ohoa fk nowod ucur tlriknot
nujua royu flhmoh aoto-aoto, skaop tunud,
foioc dunuhmoh slasuoi otou clcnkoraoh
tohfo, otou plrnuotoh iokh yohm clhmorod
doi tlrslnut tlrjofk. Ilnkd iohjut, Posoi
alpofo plrnuotoh osuskio flhmoh otou
>;6 clhmduauc dunuhmoh slasuoi ohtoro
tohpo kcnoioh.‛ Flhksk khk nlrskeot iuos
slslbrohm yohm clckikak alauotoh foh
foh socor foh plroturoh folrod yohm
alauosooh flhmoh slslbrohm tohpo alauotoh
nlrsohmautoh tkfoa clcnotosk pofo
foh alauosooh yohm sltoro‖cksoihyo ohtoro
dunuhmoh slasuoi yohm nlrskeot trohsoaskbhoi
brohm tuo flhmoh ohoa, skpkr plhjoro flhmoh
hocuh jumo dunuhmoh slasuoi yohm tkfoa
horopkfoho, khfua slcohm flhmoh ohoa abs,
cliknotaoh kcnoioh cotlrk otou hbhcotlrk.
otou ohtoro fbatlr flhmoh posklh. Flhksk
Iohfosoh duauc uhtua plroturoh folrod
osuskio yohm fkmuhoaoh foioc Plroturoh
khk fkaotoaoh nlrupo A\DP foh \\ Hb.
Folrod Aonupotlh Nohtui tkfoa nlrosoi
5/?;=6 5/?; =6 tlhtohm Altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh
fork A\DP foh aorlhohyo tkfoa sljoioh.
Pbaba Alsljodtlrooh Wbskoi. Alhyotoohhyo, flhksk Plroturoh Folrod Nohtui clhmlhok
Posoi 4 Plroturoh Folrod Nohtui
prbstktusk nlrnlfo flhmoh A\DP. A\DP.
clhylnutaoh nodwo plrohoh cosyoroaot ofoiod uhtua clcohtou ’plrnuotoh gonui–
Brohm-brohm yohm slgoro iohmsuhm
slrto cliopbraohhyo pofo plhlmoa duauc
fkarkckhoiksosk fk nowod plroturoh folrod
sltlcpot slplrtk pbiksk cbroi foh alpbikskoh
khk ofoiod poro plalrjo slasuoi foh cugkaork,
slatbr yohm alcufkoh dorus clhmocnki
hocuh flhksk yohm iuos tlhtohm ’plrnuotoh
iohmaod iohjut. Altlhtuoh foioc plroturoh
osuskio– slgoro pbtlhskoi clcnlrkaoh
folrod khk tliod clilmktkcosk rozko yohm
alauosooh alpofo ohmmbto cosyoroaot foh
fkioauaoh bild alibcpba morks alros slplrtk
pbiksk uhtua clhoeskraoh plroturoh folrod
EPK foh E\K yohm clhmoroa plioau foioc
tlrslnut flhmoh abhslaulhsk yohm sohmot
abhfksk numki fk flpoh adoioyoa ucuc,
nlsor. Adusushyo flhmoh clhkhmaothyo
slnomok duaucoh.
dbcbebnko fk [bmyoaorto, [bmyoaorto, sltkop dunuhmoh slasuoi suao soco suao, tlrcosua flhmoh posohmoh slsoco jlhks aliockh, fopot
A r k c
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C
l r o y o p
P l r o t u r o h F o l r
o d
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A r k c
Wtufk Aosus
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
W t u f k
A o s u s
Nomkoh khk clhmmocnoraoh gbhtbd plhtkhm soot khk oaoh dbcbebnko, trohsebnko foh alpohkaoh cbroi yohm clrlnoa flwoso khk. Nomkoh khk jumo clhybrbtk focpoa hyoto plroturoh folrod tlrdofop cosyoroaot IMNVK_ Khfbhlsko slrto proatkaproatka cliohmmor duauc bild cosyoroaot foioc clhlrtknaoh abcuhktos IMNVK_. Fk skhk jumo fktuhjuaaoh nltopo slwlhohmwlhohmhyo plroturoh-plroturoh plroturoh-plroturoh otos fosor —cbroiktos punika‛ yohm fkmuhoaoh uhtua clhmkhgor alibcpba IMNVK_ foh nomokcoho alibcpba alibcpba euhfoclhtoiks Cusikc, yohm c clckikak lckikak plhmorud nlsor foioc cosyoroaot fk tkhmaot prbvkhsk, clhmmuhoaoh alauotoh clrlao uhtua clcormkhoiaoh slrto clhmduauc alibcpba IMNVK_.
Ilcnomo ]orko Nlrsljorod Fktutup Poaso
clhmlhoaoh cualho (nusoho plrlcpuoh Cusikc uhtua clioauaoh sdbiot). Wlabiod tlrslnut fkfkrkaoh pofo toduh
Plsohtrlh oi-Eotod fk ikhmauhmoh Hbtbyufoh
>004 bild slbrohm worko nlrhoco Coryohk,
fk [bmyoaorto clhmofoaoh pliojoroh
sltliod mlcpo fodsyot toduh >005. Coryohk
clcnogo _ur‛oh fuo aoik slckhmmu uhtua
clhmofoaoh plhmojkoh yohm fkdofkrk slaktor
worko (khsoh trohsmlhflr CVE). Pofo Wlhkh
>00 brohm worko fk [bmyoaorto. Nohyoa
foh ^onu coioc, slbrohm ustofz fotohm al slabiod uhtua clhmojork al->< curkf
fk ohtoro poro worko iohtos clhoworaoh ioyohoh pohmaos mrotks nomk brohm-brohm
worko clcnogo oyot-oyot sugk. Poro curkf
yohm aldkiohmoh tlcpot tkhmmoi oaknot
==
mlcpo foh dkfup fk aocp plhmuhmskoh.
Pofo ?; Elnruork >0?5 tlcpot nliojor uhka
Coryohk clhjoiohaoh soibh slrto nkshks
uhtua worko khk, slnuod skcnbi tbilrohsk
rkos plhmohtkhhyo slhfkrk fork rucod
nlromoco, fkmlrlnla bild slnuod alibcpba
abhtroaohhyo. Ko clcutusaoh uhtua
morks alros Ksioc, EJK (Erbht Jkdof Ksioc),
clcplrskopaoh ruohm tlrpksod fk rucodhyo
yohm clhlrbnbs slabiod foh flhmoh
uhtua slabiod omoco. Muru omocohyo soot ktu clhyltujuk uhtua clhmojor slalibcpba algki
omrlske clclrkhtodaoh omor poro worko nlrdlhtk clcnogo _ur‛oh foh slnoikahyo,
sohtrk (curkf slabiod omoco Ksioc) worko.
slmlro nlrtbnot otos fbso clrlao. Clrlao nlraoto tlcpot tlrslnut tkfoa nkso iomk
Plsohtrlh worko clhorka nohyoa plhmuhjuhm
fkmuhoaoh uhtua nliojor duauc Ksioc otou
aorlho aluhkaohhyo slnomok slnuod
qd worko. Clsak poro worko clhlmosaoh
elhbclho. Coryohk clrokd roso dbrcot yohm
nodwo trohsmlhflr tkfoa fkiorohm foioc
nlsor uhtua jlrkd poyodhyo. Pofo >0?6 ko
_ur‛oh otou qd, slaoikmus clhjliosaoh
clhlrkco plhmdormooh fork Alclhtlrkoh
nodwo clckikak slabiod clhkhmaotaoh
Wbskoi [bmyoaorto aorlho clhmojoraoh
dormo fkrk clrlao. Hocuh EJK clhyotoaoh
poro worko altlrocpkioh alrjo yohm oaoh
nodwo worko ofoiod aouc yohm cliohmmor
clcnohtu clrlao clhgork plalrjooh sliokh
Wyorkod (Duauc Ksioc) otou poikhm tkfoa,
plalrjooh slasuoi. Coryohk clroso nodwo
plhoeskroh EJK oaoh Wyorkod. Pbiksk yohm
worko dorusiod nlrjuohm uhtua clrokd roso
fotohm al ibaosk nlrfkrk tlmud fk pkdoa
dbrcot cosyoroaot. Pofo toduh >0?6, Coryohk
poro worko. Aopbisla (Alpoio Pbiksk Wlatbr)
clhuhokaoh knofod dojk al Claod, kcpkohhyo
clhyotoaoh nodwo pbiksk oaoh clikhfuhmk
sljoa ioco. Ko clhkhmmoi pofo toduh ktu jumo.
slabiod tlrslnut slioco fkplriuaoh.5<
Woot ktu, poro sohtrk fk plsohtrlh nliojor
Hocuh nlnlropo dork alcufkoh, pofo >6
clhmlhok cosoiod-cosoiod nlralhooh
Elnruork >0?5, EJK nlrdoski clcoaso slabiod
flhmoh trohsmlhflr foh Ksioc, slnomok
clhutup pkhtu. Pofo plrtlcuoh ohtoro poro
tocnodoh fork clcnogo _ur‛oh foh
sohtrk worko flhmoh EJK, poro worko fktlrkoak
clhmdopoi fbo.57
bild poro ohmmbto EJK foh tkfoa fkkzkhaoh
Wlnuioh sltliod clhkhmmoihyo Coryohk,
uhtua clhjliosaoh tujuoh slabiod clrlao. Plrtlcuoh khk nlriohmsuhm fk dofopoh
plsohtrlh nlrpkhfod tohmoh. Wdkhto ^otrk,
pljonot plclrkhtodoh, pbiksk slrto tlhtoro
slbrohm oatkvks IMNVK_ clcplrskopaoh
yohm tkfoa cocpu clhglmod EJK clhjoiohaoh
slabiod fk rucodhyo fk ikhmauhmoh Abto Mlfl
oturohhyo slhfkrk yohm jlios-jlios cliohmmor
fk [bmyoaorto. Wlnomokcoho fktuturaoh soiod
plroturoh fk [bmyoaorto. EJK alcufkoh
slbrohm sohtrk: ’pliojoroh omoco khk fopot
clcplrkhmotaoh nodwo clrlao nlrlhgoho
clcplrababd hkot aock foioc clhmdofopk
clhmdoiohmk sltkop ogoro IMNVK_ fk [bmyo
alroshyo dkfup–.56
pofo coso oaoh fotohm.55 Plsohtrlh worko tlrslnut, yohm slcpot fkalhoi iuos, tkfoa
57 56 5< 55 5=
dttps: dttps:/ //moyo.tlcpb.gb/rlof/hlws/>0?7/??/>6/>00?7/??/>6/>0064/plsohtr lh-worko-y bmyoaor to-sotu-sotuhyoto-sotu- sotuhyo-fk-fuh fk-fuh ko dttp:/ dttp://www.tdljo /www.tdljo aortopbst .gbc/hlws/>0?6/0 .gbc/hlws/>0?6/06/>?/trohsmlhf 6/>?/trohsmlhflr-ksio lr-ksio ckg-sgdbbi-rl ckg-sg dbbi-rl bplhlf.dtci bplhlf.d tci dttp://www.roppilr.gbc/khfbhlsko/ /www.roppilr.gbc/khfbhlsko/?>70=0-pbhfba-plsoht ?>70=0-pbhfba-plsohtrlh-worko-ybmyoaort rlh-worko-ybmyoaorto-ohgocoh-plhylmlioh o-ohgocoh-plhylmlioh dttp://www.roppilr.gbc/khfbhlsko/ /www.roppilr.gbc/khfbhlsko/?>7557550?0.
A r k c
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cocpu nlriohjut fk dofopoh plrcusudoh foh A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
W t u f k
A o s u s
ohgocoh bild EJK. Nodaoh Wuitoh [b [bmyoaorto myoaorto
Vlropk uhtua Clcoaso Abhvlrsk IMNVK_
yohm plrhod nlraoto nodwo alibcpba IMNVK_ tkfoa nbild fkohkoyo, clhocnodaoh
Ohtoro >7 Johuork dkhmmo oadkr Oprki >0?5, >0?5,
nodwo poro worko tkfoa nbild clhgbiba
poro pbiktksk slrto plcuao omoco tlralcuao
otou —orbmoh‛‗yohm ortkhyo, clrlao tkfoa nbild slgoro punika clhmofvbaosk slrto
fk Joaorto slrto folrod iokh fk Khfbhlsko clhylrohm alibcpba IMNVK_ slgoro vlrnoi,
clcplrjuohmaoh doa-doa clrlao.
clhjuiuak clrlao poroskt plhuior plhyoakt. Nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh slcuo nuatk yohm
Wlbrohm worko cufo yohm slnliuchyo
tliod tlrnuatk slgoro kickod, Plrdkcpuhoh
nlrslabiod, fkuskr fork coto pliojoroh
Fbatlr Wplskoiks Alsldotoh Jkwo Khfbhlsko
_ur‛oh fk slabiodhyo aorlho ko worko. Ko
(PFWAJK) clhyotoaoh nodwo dbcbslasuoiktos
putus slabiod, tkfoa clhlrkco nohtuoh
clrupoaoh alaogouoh clhtoi. Foioc
fork aliuormohyo, foh dkfup fk joiohoh
kaikc slcogoc khk, tlropk abhvlrsk slmlro
slioco nlnlropo toduh, clhmoiock
clhyocnor pliuohm nkshks.54 Wotu fk
alsuaoroh yohm nlsor, jumo nlrbild
ohtorohyo ofoiod Onu Oinohk Glhtrl. Clrlao
stkmco. Clcnogo _ur‛oh clcnuothyo
clhmaiokc nodwo dosrot slasuoi slsoco
clroso ioyoa fkdbrcotk alcnoik.5=
jlhks aliockh ofoiod oaknot fkrosuak jkh jodot. Pusot tlropk khk clhmkaiohaoh ioyohoh clrlao
Plsohtrlh khk clrupoaoh tohfo aosot coto
flhmoh aksod-aksod brohm yohm clrlao aiokc
yohm plhtkhm oaoh dkfup nlrsoco, tlcpot
nlrdoski clrlao slcnudaoh fork foyo torka
worko clhjofk nomkoh cosyoroaot foh
slasuoi slsoco jlhks aliockh.
fkplrnbildaoh clhmoasls plhfkfkaoh omoco slrto doa uhtua nlrjocood foh nlraucpui
Woiod sotu aiklh Oinohk Glhtrl ofoiod
slnomok slnuod alibcpba. Clhutup slabiod
slbrohm plrlcpuoh ilsnkoh cosauikh.
khk clrupoaoh tohfo clcuhgoahyo
Altkao fkkhtlrbmosk bild Oinohk Glhtrl, ko
altlmohmoh ohtoro alibcpba lastrlcks omoco
clcnlrktodu ’tlropks– nodwo ko plrhod
morks alros flhmoh trofksk ibaoi yohm joud
fkilgldaoh slgoro slasuoi bild nlnlropo
ilnkd tbilroh‗slnuod tohfo nodwo plhbioaoh slhmkt tlrdofop doi yohm tkfoa slsuok joud
alpoio flso slrto pocohhyo slhfkrk, cuiok usko ikco toduh dkhmmo WF, foh oaknothyo ko
ilnkd fopot fkcoaiuck. Pofo soot plhyusuhoh
clroso jkjka alpofo ioak-ioak. Oinohk Glhtrl
iopbroh khk, tkfoa ofo tohfo-tohfo plsohtrlh
clhfkomhbsks yohm fkoiockhyo slnomok
worko tlrslnut oaoh fknuao alcnoik.
plhyoakt clhtoi, yohm clhurut clrlao, fkslnonaoh bild alrosuaoh jkh. Oinohk Glhtrl nlraoto nodwo Vudoh tlhmod clhmujkhyo foh sotu-sotuhyo goro nomkhyo uhtua nkso cosua surmo ofoiod flhmoh goro clcooeaoh poro plclrabsohyo. Flhmoh ktuiod ko oaoh fkocpuhk otos ’joioh ilsnkoh–-hyo.
54 dttp://www.tdlmuorfkoh.gbc/sbgklty /www.tdlmuorfkoh.gbc/sbgklty/>0?5/eln />0?5/eln/>>/tr />>/trohsmlhflrksc-clhtoi-dloitd-fksbrflr ohsmlhflrksc-clhtoi-dloitd-fksbrflr-soys-khfbhlskoh-psygdkotrkg-ossbgko -soys-khfbhlskoh-psygdkotrkg-ossbgkotkbh-imnt tkbh-imnt 5; dttp://www.onuoinohkglhtrl.gbc/rldo /www.onuoinohkglhtrl.gbc/rldonkiktosk-aliokhoh-brkl nkiktosk-aliokhoh-brklhtosk-slxuoi, htosk-slxuoi, fkoasls >< Elnruork >0?5 =0 Knkf.
=;
Oinohk Glhtrl clhmmuhoaoh tlahka
fk tlcpot tkhmmoihyo fk Prbvkhsk Ogld
’plhmbnotoh spkrktuoi– yohm fkslnut ruqyod,
pofo toduh >00=. >00=. Fko fkslrohm bild poro
yohm nlrupo plcnogooh oyot-oyot _ur‛oh
tltohmmohyo, fkiopbraoh al pbiksk, yohm
fk otos alpoio posklh dkhmmo jkh fk foioc
alcufkoh clhodoh foh clhykasohyo. Ko
tunudhyo oaoh tlruskr. Vujuohhyo ofoiod
ofoiod sotu-sotuhyo foioc aliuormo yohm
uhtua clhflhmor plraotoohhyo nodwo ko clcooeaoh poro plclrabsohyo. Jkao
clhyohfohm mlior sorjoho foh clrupoaoh sucnlr alnohmmooh aliuormo. Ko clcnohtu
ko tkfoa clhmugopaohhyo, fkomhbskshyo
aluohmoh ofka slrto slpupuhyo omor clrlao
ofoiod nodwo jkh foioc tunud clhglmodhyo
fopot nlrslabiod.
clioauaoh doi tlrslnut. Coao oyot-oyot _ur‛oh fknogoaoh dkhmmo ko ’clcuhtodaoh
Wlioco aocpohyl dbcbebnko yohm nlrowoi
jkh foioc tunudhyo–, tunudhyo–, slcnork nlrfbo pofo
pofo Johuork >0?5, Dortbyb cuhgui fuo aoik
Vudoh omor clhmocpuhk algohfuohhyo
fk tlilvksk hoskbhoi. Pofo fuo alslcpotoh
(plrnufoaoh fkrkhyo) pofo ilsnkohkscl. Oinohk
ktu ko nlrflnot slhmkt flhmoh pskakotlr
Glhtrl clhmohmmop plhmbnotohhyo suasls
dbcbebnko slplrtk Ekrfyohskod foh Liiy
jkao plrlcpuoh yohm nlrsohmautoh alcufkoh
^kscoh.=? Liiy ^kscoh clhyoiodaoh fkfkaoh
nlhgk clhjofk ilsnkoh foh alcnoik al dosrot
aliuormo Dortbyb, jumo clhmotoaoh alpofo
’hbrcoi– alpofo ioak-ioak.5;
plckrso nodwo Dortbyb postk clhjofk moy aorlho fko fkosud onohmhyo sltliod knuhyo
Oinohk Glhtrl jumo clhmaiokc tliod
clhkhmmoi foh oyodhyo clhkaod iomk. Wltliod
—clhylcnudaoh‛ worko. Plhmuskroh jkh
ogoro fk tlilvksk tlrslnut, aliuormo Dortbyb
alcnoik fkioauaoh flhmoh ruqyod. Oyot-
fkbiba-biba fkbiba-bib a foh fkhksto slgoro vlrnoi bild
oyot _ur‛oh fkiohtuhaoh fk otos alpoio worko
poro tltohmmohyo. Aoaoa plrlcpuohhyo, yohm
yohm nlrsohmautoh uhtua clhstkcuiosk
clckikak tbab algki yohm clhjuoi tohocoh foh
syoroe-syoroe fk btoa dkhmmo ko oaoh clhjofk
pupua aldkiohmoh pliohmmohhyo. Onohmhyo
hbrcotke mlhflr foh dltlrbslasuoi. ^uqyod
tkfoa nlrohk iomk ckhuc abpk fk woruhm abpk
fktocnod puio flhmoh oaupuhatur (clioiuk
ckika tltohmmohyo aorlho toaut fkglcbbd.
plcnlaocoh), dkphbtks, iotkdoh spkrktuoi
Aliuormohyo altoautoh soot ohgocoh
alomocooh, foh iotkdoh ska.=0
plhguikaoh foh plcnuhudoh fktujuaoh alpofo Dortbyb fk Eoglnbba.
Oatkvks foh Aliuormohyo Clhjofk Wosoroh Wlrohmoh Alibcpba yohm Dbcbebnko
Dortbyb mltbi nlraocpohyl uhtua Jbab ]kfbfb (Jbabwk) soot Jbabwk clhgoibhaoh fkrk slnomok prlskflh pofo >0?6. Hocuh soot alnlhgkoh tlrdofop alibcpba IMNVK_ tlrjofk pofo toduh >0?5, Jbabwk nuhmaoc
Dortbyb clhfkrkaoh Wuoro Akto/Bur Ubkgl
clsak ko tliod nlrjohjk uhtua clhjuhjuhm
sltliod ko clhmoiock alalrosoh yohm
tkhmmk doa ososk alibcpba ckhbrktos pofo
clhmlrkaoh fork cosyoroaot foh pbiksk
soot ko nlraocpohyl. Pofo ?5 Elnruork >0?5
=? Gbhtbdhyo, ikdot dttp://www.wdoilbki.gb.hz/>0?5/07 /www.wdoilbki.gb.hz/>0?5/07/ksiockg-khtbilrohgl-kh-khfb /ksiockg-khtbilrohgl-kh-khfbhlsko-gousls-elor-kh-imnt-gbccuhkty hlsko-gousls-elor-kh-imnt-gbccuhkty/foh /foh Osbskosk Pskakotlr Oclrkao clhyurotk Osbskosk Pskakotlr Khfbhlsko tlraokt IMNV. Fk-pbstkhm bild Aonor IMNV, ?5 Corlt, >0?5.
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40
Dortbyb clhyurotk Prlskflh Jbabwk, clckhto A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
plrikhfuhmoh. Dortbyb clhyotoaoh nodwo jkao alibcpba dbcbebnko dbcbebnko yohm clhylnoraoh alnlhgkoh tlrdofop alibcpba IMNVK_ tkfoa fkotosk, ’alalrosoh, fksarkckhosk nodaoh plcnohtokoh tlrdofop alibcpba IMNVK_ fopot tlrjofk fk sliurud Khfbhlsko.– Khfbhlsko.– Pofo Juik >0?5 Dortbyb fkiopbraoh al pbiksk bild slbrohm plrlcpuoh ohmmbto Flwoh Plrwoakioh Folrod yohm dbcbebnko,
W t u f k
A o s u s
Eodkro Kfrks flhmoh tufudoh plhglcoroh hoco noka aorlho Dortbyb clhuiks fk iocoh Eoglnbba-hyo nodwo Eodkro Kfrks clhylnoraoh khtbilrohsk, yohm clrupoaoh nknkt tlrbrkscl. Clhurut slhotbr khk, doi khk ofoiod pliohmmoroh tlrdofop \\ Khebrcosk foh Vrohsoask Lilatrbhka. Eodkro slnliuchyo plrhod clhmohgoc brmohksosk INV,, Orfdohory Khstktutl, foh slgoro oatke INV nlrmonuhm flhmoh aocpohyl ohtk-IMNVK_ pofo toduh >0?5 . Cbnkiksosk slhtkclh yohm nlrskeot dbcbebnko foh cksbmkhks bild poro pbiktksk, portok pbiktka foh plcuao omoco clhylnonaoh clhkhmaothyo plhlrtknoh cbroi slgoro clcnonk nuto. Opo yohm tlrjofk pofo Dortbyb fk toduh >00= fk Ogld clhylnor al nohyoa tlcpot fk Khfbhlsko. Arkckhoiksosk yohm clroyop al plrcuaooh slnomokcoho tlrnuatk foioc plroturoh-plroturoh folrod clhorka ohmmbto cosyoroaot uhtua clhmkhebrcoskaoh pkdoa nlrwlhohm fk cohoaod plrkioau yohm —fkarkckhoiksosk‛ ktu tlrjofk. Focpoa porod oaknot alnlhgkoh foh khtbilrohsk, slnomokcoho tocpoa foioc aosus Dortbyb, tkfoa oaoh nlrdlhtk dohyo bild sotu plioau otou sotu khskflh alalrosoh hocuh nlrikpot mohfo foh tkfoa dohyo clclhmorudk khsoh IMNVK_ hocuh jumo aliuormo clrlao.
4?
Gototoh Oadkr: Focpoa Plralcnohmoh fk Coso Flpoh
Wljoa owoi plhyusuhoh iopbroh khk, abhfksk duauc nomk cosyoroaot IMNVK_ coskd skcpohm skur. Aorlhohyo, aock clhykcpoh alskcpuioh oadkr foh slnomok s lnomok mohtkhyo clhorka fork nlnlropo plralcnohmoh pbiktka fk Khfbhlsko slrto focpoahyo fk coso oaoh fotohm, fkkautk flhmoh rlabclhfosk uhtua plrunodoh muho clhmotosk plrsboioh yohm fksbrbtk foioc iopbroh khk.
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
G o t o t o h O a d k r : F o c p o a P l r a l c n o h m o h f k C
Nlrkaut ofoiod nlnlropo plralcnohmoh
hlmoro-hlmoro iokh fk aowosoh yohm
pbiktka plhtkhm fk Khfbhlsko yohm
clhmofbpsk duauc abibhkoi Khmmrks yohm
dorus fkpohtou flhmoh dotkdotk aorlho abhslaulhskhyo yohm
clhmduauc dunuhmoh slasuoi slsoco jlhks jlhks aliockh. Fk tlhmod aocpohyl dbcbebnko,
sohmot nlsor nomk plrlcpuoh foh
fkioauaoh slnuod survlk yohm clhuhjuaaoh
cosyoroaot IMNVK_ fk Khfbhlsko.
nodwo alibcpba IMNVK_ clrupoaoh alibcpba yohm poikhm tkfoa fksuaok fk
Pofo nuioh Corlt foh Oprki, foh nlruiohm
Khfbhlsko, nodaoh clilnkdk abcuhks.=7
iomk pofo Omustus >0?5, slnuod uhfohmuhfohm hoskbhoi ohtk-IMNV fkojuaoh
Mljbioa hoskbhoi nlralgocua tlrdofop
bild ohmmbto Flwoh fork portok-portok
alibcpba IMNVK_ fk owoi-owoi nuioh toduh
abhslrvotke.=> Jkao uhfohm-uhfohm tlrslnut
>0?5 foh nlriohjut fk nuioh Omustus. Wlcoso
ibibs, Khfbhlsko oaoh nlrmonuhm flhmoh
aocpohyl dbcbebnko khk, tlropk abhvlrsk
=> dttp:/ dttp://www.tdljo /www.tdljo aortopbst .gbc/hlws/>0?5/06/? 0?5/04/07/ /07/moy-slx-coy-nl-butiowl moy-slx-coy-nl-butiowlf.dtci f.dtci =7 dttp://www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hlw /www.tdljoaortopbst.gbc/hlws/>0?5/ s/>0?5/04/0?/imnt-gbccuhkt 04/0?/imnt-gbccuhkty-cbst-fksikalf-ny-khfbhlskoh-cusikcs-survly y-cbst-fksikalf-ny-khfbhlskoh-cusikcs-survly.dtci .dtci =6 dttp:/ dttp://www.onuoi /www.onuoi nohkglhtrl. gbc/rldonkik tosk-ali tosk-aliokhoh-brk okhoh-brk lhtosk-s lxuoi
o s o F l p o h
4>
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
G o t o t o h O a d k r : F o c
fkohjuraoh slgoro iuos uhtua ’clrldonkiktosk–
Posoi >4< clhmlhok plrabsooh flhmoh
alibcpba dbcbslasuoi, clhmlsocpkhmaoh
clhmdopus aoto ’plrlcpuoh fk iuor
nuatk kickod nodwo tlropk slcogoc ktu
plraowkhoh– foioc upoyo uhtua clhjofkaoh
tkfoa nlrjoioh foh tliod tlrnuatk clrupoaoh
sltkop dunuhmoh slasuoi ohtoro brohm yohm
proatka nlrnodoyo flhmoh abhslaulhsk
tkfoa tlrkaot plraowkhoh fkohmmop aljodotoh.
johmao pohjohm.=6 Clhtlrk Wbskoi, Adbeod Khfor Porowohso pofo alhyotoohhyo
Jkao CA clhyltujuk, nohyoa plroturoh folrod fksarkckhotke yohm fknodos foioc iopbroh khk
clcprbcbskaoh cltbfl LW_ (Lcbtkbhoi,
oaoh clhfofoa sljoioh flhmoh A\DP.
Wpkrktuoi _ubtklht ) dkhmmo alibcpba IMNV
fopot alcnoik ’hbrcoi–.=0?5 Prlskflh Jbabwk
tlropk abhvlrsk nlriohjut dkhmmo dork khk.
clhmucucaoh nodwo plclrkhtodohhyo tliod clhgonut 7.?67 plroturoh folrod nlrcosoiod
Plralcnohmoh iokh yohm clhmadowotkraoh
oaknot ’nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh plroturoh yohm
ofoiod aosus yohm fkojuaoh al Codaocod
ilnkd tkhmmk, yohm clhfuauhm khtbilrohsk
Abhstktusk (CA) bild Oikohsk Gkhto Aliuormo
otou clhmdoiohmk khvlstosk.– khvlstosk.– Dork nlrkauthyo
(OIKO), yohm clckhto plhkhjouoh alcnoik
brmohksosk Cotdio‛ui Ohwor clhylruaoh
otos nlnlropo posoi foioc A\DP. A\DP. Doi khk
alpofo plclrkhtod ’—omor tkfoa clhgonut
tlrjofk sltliod mlibcnohm dbcbebnko
plroturoh folrod nlrfosoraoh Wyorkod yohm
p o a P l r a l c
cliohfo hlmlrk fk nuioh-nuioh owoi toduh
nlrtlcpot fk nohyoa folrod fk sliurud
>0?5. Ikdot Iocpkroh K foh KK. Pofo soot
hlmlrk– aorlho plroturoh folrod slcogoc ktu
clhylilsokaoh iopbroh khk, coskd nliuc jlios
clrupoaoh ’plikhfuhm cbroiktos cosyoroaot–
nomokcohoaod alputusoh CA. Poro plhmoju
foh fknutudaoh ’uhtua clikhfuhmk hlmoro
n o h m o h f k
pltksk nlrormuclh nodwo dbcbslasuoiktos
omor tkfoa tlrjlrucus ilnkd joud alpofo
nlrskeot ’clhuior– foh clrlao clhmkhmkhaoh
flaoflhsk cbroi–.== Pofo soot plhyusuhoh
Khfbhlsko clckikak hbrco foh plroturoh yohm
iopbroh khk aock tkfoa clckikak plrkhgkoh
ilnkd jlios yohm ’clhyotoaoh nodwo sltkop
clhmlhok plroturoh folrod cohoaod yohm
brohm yohm clioauaoh dunuhmoh slasuoi suao
fkgonut foh opoaod rotusoh plroturoh
soco suao nlrortk nlrzkhod.– nlrzkhod.– Clrlao clckhto
folrod yohm clhfksarkckhosk plrlcpuoh
CA uhtua clhmunod kstkiod ’brohm flwoso– foh ’ohoa fk nowod ucur– foioc Posoi >;>
slrto alibcpba IMNVK_ tlrcosua fk foioc nlnlropo plroturoh folrod nlrcosoiod yohm
clhmlhok plfbi clhjofk ’sltkop brohm–, brohm–,
fkgonut ktu.=4
C o s o F l p o h
yohm oaoh clhmarkckhoiksosk dunuhmoh slasuoi slsoco jlhks aliockh suao soco suao
Prlskflh Jbabwk clckikak Prbmroc Howogkto
ohtor brohm flwoso.
(Wlcnkioh Omlhfo) tlrcosua abcktclh uhtua clhjuhjuhm alfouiotoh duauc, alromocoh,
Poro plcbdbh pltksk jumo khmkh clcplriuos
slrto doa ososk cosyoroaot ckhbrktos.
goaupoh Posoi >46 clhmlhok plrzkhooh
Wljoud khk, nlikou clckikd nuhmaoc altkao
flhmoh clhmdopus aoto ’tliod aowkh– foh
aocpohyl dbcbebnko clilfoa. Hocuh pofo
=< =5 == =4
dttps://c.tlcpb.gb.rlof/hlw/>0?5/0>/>4/?=7=6;00;/clhtlrk-adbeod-imnt /c.tlcpb.gb. rlof/hlw/>0?5/0>/>4/?=7=6;00;/clhtlrk-adbeod-imnt -nkso-slcn ud dttp:/ dttp://www.tdljoa /www.tdljoa ortopbst .gbc/hlws/>0?5/04/07/moy.gbc/hlws/>0?5/04/07/moy-slx-coyslx-coy-nl-buti nl-butiowlf.dtci owlf.dtci dttp:/ dttp://www.tdljoa /www.tdljoa ortopbst .gbc/hlws/>0?5/05/?7/mbv t-tbif-hbt-tbt-tbif -hbt-tb- rlvbal-sdorko-khs rlvbal-sd orko-khs pkrlf-ny iows.dtc i dttp:/ dttp://www.tdljoa /www.tdljoa ortopbst .gbc/hlws/>0?5/05/?6/mbvl rhclht-os alf-tb-o ff-khtb ilroht-nyi ows-tb-oh huiclhthuiclht-ikst.d ikst.dtci tci
47
?; Batbnlr >0?5 nlikou oadkrhyo nlrnkgoro clhlhtohm fksarkckhosk tlrdofop alibcpba ckhbrktos, tlrcosua ckhbrktos slasuoi. Nlikou clhmoauk nodwo hbrco omoco yohm tlrkhspkrosk Ksioc alnohyoaoh clhlhtohm dbcbslasuoiktos slnomok slnuod moyo dkfup, hocuh, ko clhuturaoh, tkfoa plriu clhmarkckhoiksoskhyo, foh sufod clhjofk tumos pljonot hlmoro, plcuao omoco slrto pbiksk uhtua clikhfuhmk alibcpba IMNVK_
A r k c k h o i k s o s k C l r o y o p
fork fksarkckhosk, ohgocoh foh alalrosoh.=; G o t o t o h O a d k r : F o c p o a P l r a l c n o h m o h f k C o s o F l p o h
=; dttp://www.nng.gbc/khfbhlsko/khfbhlsko /www.nng.gbc/khfbhlsko/khfbhlsko/>0?5/?0 />0?5/?0/?5?0?;RkhfbhlskoRwwgRjbab /?5?0?;RkhfbhlskoRwwgRjbabwkRimn wkRimn
46
^labclhfosk
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
^ l a b c l h f o s k
Pofo Vkhmaot Folrod
poro wormo hlmoro Khfbhlsko, tlrcosua fk
Plhkhmaotoh aoposktos slrto alcocpuoh
foiochyo alibcpba IMNVK_, slnomokcoho tliod fkjockh foioc Abhstktusk slrto
tlahks poro plcnuot plroturoh uhtua
uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi. Plhgonutoh
clrohgohm plroturoh yohm abcprldlhske,
yohm fkcoasuf dorusiod sljoioh flhmoh
yohm clhjuhjuhm tkhmmk doa-doa ososk
\\ Btbhbck Folrod slrto cohfot
cohusko, doa-doa plrlcpuoh foh doa-
tlhtohm dklrorak plruhfohm-uhfohmoh.
doa alibcpba IMNVK_ clstk fkioauaoh. Fk coskhm-coskhm folrod, plroturoh folrod
•
Plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko dorusiod
yohm rlilvoh plriu fkohoiksks foioc alrohmao
clhmofbpsk iohmaod-iohmaod yohm
doa-doa plrlcpuoh, doa-doa IMNVK_ slrto
fkplriuaoh muho clhglmod, clhmurohmk
doa-doa ososk cohusko. Plroturoh-plroturoh
slrto clhmdlhtkaoh abhfksk slrto skaop
tlrslnut plriu fkslsuokaoh flhmoh uhfohm-
yohm clhylnonaoh otou cliohmmlhmaoh
uhfohm slrto stohfor yohm nlrioau noka
fksarkckhosk tlrdofop plrlcpuoh
hoskbhoi coupuh khtlrhoskbhoi.
slrto abcuhktos IMNVK_. Khk tlrcosua clhlropaoh prkhskp-prkhskp alsltorooh foh hbh-fksarkckhosk foioc GLFO] GLFO]
Pofo Vkhmaot Hoskbhoi
(Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl Likckhotkbh be Oii Ebrcs be Fksgrkckhotkbh Omokhst ]bclh1
•
Plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko dorusiod
Abhvlhsk Plhmdopusoh Wlmoio Nlhtua
clhjockh nodwo \hfohm-uhfohm
Fksarkckhosk Vlrdofop Plrlcpuoh),
Fosor, uhfohm-uhfohm slrto alnkjoaoh
KGGP^ (Khtlrhotkbhoi Gbvlhoht bh
tkfoaiod clhfksarkckhosk, tltop sljoioh
Gkvki ohf Pbiktkgoi ^kmdts1 Abvlhoh
flhmoh alwojknoh Khfbhlsko fk aohgod
Khtlrhoskbhoi tlhtohm Doa-doa Wkpki foh
khtlrhoskbhoi, slrto soikhm nlrslsuokoh. Altlhtuoh-altlhtuoh fksarkckhotke foioc
Pbiktka), foh G^G (Gbhvlhtkbh bh tdl ^kmdts be tdl Gdkif1 Abhvlhsk tlhtohm
uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi (cksoihyo \\
Doa-doa Ohoa) foh troatot doa ososk
Pbrhbmro), yohm cliohmmor doa-doa
cohusko khtlrhoskbhoi iokhhyo yohm
fosor slnomokcoho fktlmosaoh foioc
fktohfotohmohk bild Khfbhlsko. Doi khk
Abhstktusk, dorusiod fkocohflclh otou
tlrcosua puio clhmkcpilclhtoskaoh
fkdopus. Poro plcnuot uhfohm-uhfohm
Prkhskp-prkhskp [bmyoaorto uhtua
tkfoa fknlhoraoh clrohgohm uhfohm-
clcnlrohtos fksarkckhosk tlrdofop
uhfohm yohm nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh doa-
IMNVK_.
doa yohm tliod fkjockh foioc Abhstktusk. • •
Pliotkdoh dorus fknlrkaoh alpofo
Plclrkhtod Khfbhlsko dorusiod
plcnuot uhfohm-uhfohm fk tkhmaot
clhmmuhoaoh alauosoohhyo uhtua
hoskbhoi foh folrod tlhtohm cosoiod
clhgonut plroturoh-plroturoh folrod
doa ososk cohusko, tlrcosua doa
yohm cliohmmor doa-doa ososk cohusko
plrlcpuoh foh doa yohm tlraokt flhmoh
4<
•
brklhtosk slasuoi, kflhtktos mlhflr foh
Plhmocotoh (Gbhgiufkhm Bnslrvotkbh)
lasprlsk mlhflr. Plcnuot alnkjoaoh
bild nofoh-nofoh Plrjohjkoh Khtlrhotkbhoi
pofo alclhtlrkoh foh flportlclh
slrto clhlcpud iohmaod-iohmaod uhtua
plclrkhtod yohm tlraokt jumo dorus fkiotkd
clioasohoaoh ^labclhfosk, tlrcosua
uhtua clhlropaoh stohfor doa ososk
yohm nlralhooh flhmoh mlhflr foh
cohusko tlhtohm alsltorooh mlhflr foh alsltorooh IMNVK_.
brklhtosk slasuoi, tlrcosua cosoiod IMNVK_.
Wltkop alclhtlrkoh dorus clioasohoaoh
•
Khfbhlsko dorusiod clioasohoaoh
alnkjoaoh hbh-fksarkckhotke nlrnosks pofo
Alskcpuioh foh ^labclhfosk doski
kflhtktos mlhflr, lasprlsk mlhflr foh
Iopbroh Abcksk Vkhmmk PNN uhtua Doa-
brklhtosk slasuoi, foh clikhfuhmk doa
doa Ososk Cohusko clhmlhok uhfohm-
poro plrlcpuoh foh ckhbrktos slasuoi
uhfohm foh proatka-proatka fksarkckhotke
slsuok flhmoh plroturoh foh stohfor
tlrdofop alibcpba-alibcpba slrto
khtlrhoskbhoi yohm sufod fkofbpsk.
khfkvkfuoi otos fosor mlhflr foh brklhtosk slasuoi.
•
Plhfkfkaoh doa ososk cohusko tlrcosua doa plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNVK_
•
Alibcpba IMNVK_ dorusiod clrokd
dorus fknlrkaoh fk slabiod pofo sltkop
pliuohm uhtua clcprlslhtoskaoh abhfksk
tkhmaotoh.
cosyoroaot IMNVK_ fk Khfbhlsko alpofo slnuod pbsksk yohm noru fknlhtua fk
•
Fbrbhmoh fork alclhtlrkoh fkplriuaoh
PNN yoahk Poaor Khflplhflh PNN uhtua
uhtua clhfbrbhm ofohyo rkslt tlrdofop
Brklhtosk Wlasuoi foh Kflhtktos Mlhflr.
pliohmmoroh doa ososk plrlcpuoh foh alibcpba IMNVK_ foh focpoa fork pliohmmoroh tlrslnut.
•
Alibcpba IMNVK_ dorusiod slgoro oatke nlrportkskposk foioc prbsls fk PNN (Plhkhjouoh Plrkbfka \hkvlrsoi,
•
Alibcpba-alibcpba Alibcpba -alibcpba cosyoroaot skpki
Plhkhjouoh Nofoh Plrjohjkoh
dorusiod clcproaorsok flnot-flnot tlhtohm doa-doa ososk cohusko, doa-
Khtlrhoskbhoi) uhtua clhybrbtk urusohurusoh yohm nlrfocpoa pofo abcuhktos
doa IMNVK_ slrto doa-doa plrlcpuoh
IMNVK_. Alibcpba-alibcpba doa-doa
sldunuhmoh flhmoh alromocoh nufoyo
ososk cohusko iokh, tlrcosua alibcpba
foh omoco.
plcnlio doa-doa plrlcpuoh foh doadoa ohoa dorusiod clhmucohfohmaoh suoro alibcpba IMNVK_ foioc orlho khtlrhoskbhoi khk‖rlabclhfosk clrlao
Pofo Vkhmaot Khtlrhoskbhoi
alpofo PNN dorusiod clhyliurud uhtua
•
foiochyo IMNVK_.
Khfbhlsko tliod clrotkaosk poikhm
tkfoa lhoc plrjohjkoh khtlrhoskbhoi fork PNN clhmlhok doa-doa ososk cohusko. Khfbhlsko dorusiod clhlrkco Alskcpuioh
clcplrnokak abhfksk sliurud alibcpba yohm fkcormkhoiaoh, tlrcosua fk
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
^ l a b c l h f o s k
45
A r k c
^lelrlhsk
k h o i k s o s k
C
l r o y o p
^ l e l r l h s k
Oeadohk, Codhoz lf.?;;000. [.>000. Vdl Nkssu: Wtufy be o Vdkrf Mlhflr kh Khfbhlsko. Kh: Nornoro ]otsbh Ohfoyo lf. Btdlr Posts, ]bclh, Mlhflr ohf Dkstbry kh Loriy Cbflrh Wbutdlost Osko . Cohbo: \hkvlrskty be Dowok‛k. Doiocoh >=-6=. Orus Pliohmk. >004. Jofk aou toa clroso nlrsoiod!2 Wtufk aosus fksarkckhosk foh alalrosoh tlrdofop IMNV . Joaorto: Orus Pliohmk.
Orus Pliohmk. >0?7. Clhmuoa Wtkmco, Alalrosoh & Fksarkckhosk pofo IMNV fk Khfbhlsko1 Wtufk Aosus fk Joaorto, [bmyoaorto foh Coaossor . Joaorto: Orus Pliohmk. Osko Pogkg Ebruc. >0?0. OGJ >0?0. OGJ ^lpbrt: Ducoh ^kmdts, Wlxuoi Brklhtotkbh ohf Mlhflr Kflhtkty Kflhtkty . Wyfhly: Osko-Pogkg Ebruc.
Niogawbbf, Lvliyh. >00000?0. ^lmkbhoi Outbhbcy ohf Ilmoi Fksbrflr: tdl Prbikelrotkbh be Ibgoi Iows kh Khfbhlsko. Wyfhly Iow ^lvklw vbi. vbi. 7>. Doiocoh ?=5-?;>.
Grbugd, Dorbif. >0?0. Pbiktkgoi ^lebrc kh Khfbhlsko oetlr Wbldortb . Wkhmopbrl: KWLOW. Fovkls, Wdoryh Mrodoc. >0?0. Mlhflr Fkvlrskty kh Khfbhlsko1 Wlxuoikty, Ksioc ohf _ullr Wlivls . Ibhfbh ohf Hlw [bra: ^butilfml. Fknko, K ]oyoh. >000?5. Dbcbslasuoiktos foh Ekakd1 dttps:/ dttps ://ozksoe.wbrfprlss.gbc/>0?5/ /ozksoe.wbrfprlss .gbc/>0?5/ b>/?4/dbcbslasuoiktos-foh-akd/
4=
Ebruc INV_K. >0?7. Iopbroh sktuosk DOC IMNVK fk Khfbhlsko toduh >0?>1 Plhmonokoh doa ososk nlrnosks brklhtosk slasuoi foh kflhtktos mlhflr: Aock tkfoa fkoc . Joaorto: Ebruc IMNVK_
Khfbhlsko. Dbworf, ^kgdorf. ?;;5. Eoiikhm khtb tdl Moy ]brif: Cohdbbf, Corrkoml ohf Eockiy kh Khfbhlsko. PdF tdlsks, \hkvlrskty be Kiikhbks, \rnoho-Gdocpokmh.
A r k c
k h o i k s o s k
C
Jbabwk ohf Jusue Aoiio. >0?6. Joioh Plrunodoh uhtua Khfbhlsko yohm Nlrfouiot, Cohfkrk foh Alprknofkoh1 Uksk Cksk foh Prbmroc Oask ((Howogkto), Joaorto.
l r o y o p
^O Aortkhk ?;4= Nrklvlh ooh Clvrbuw ^.C. Onlhfohbh-Cohfrk lh door Lgdtmlhbbt clt ohflrl Fbguclhtlh, nlzbrmf fbbr E.M.P. Joqult. Fbrfrlgdt: Ebrks.
Aotjosuhmaoho, Hursyodnohk. >0?>. Khfbhlsko kh tdl Mrkp be Euhfoclhtoiksc: Ilmoi Kssuls ohf ^lspbhsls erbc tdl ]bclh ]bclh‛s ‛s Cbvlclht . Hursyodnohk Aotjosuhmaoho ohf Wosako L. ]klrkhmo
lfs Vdl Euturl be Oskoh Elckhkscs: Gbherbhtkhm Euhfoclhtoikscs, Gbhkgts ohf Hlbiknlroiksc. Hlwgostil-upbh-Vdyhl: Hlwgostil-upbh-Vdyhl: Gocnrkfml Wgdbiors. Doiocoh 7>0-764.
Aotjosuhmaoho, Hursyodnohk. >0?7. Vdl Khfbhlskoh Eockiy os o Gbhtlstlf Wktl be ]bclh‛s ^kmdts: Kcpilclhtotkbh be tdl Fbclstkg Ukbilhgl Ogt kh kh Cozhod Cbdocof ohf Wosako L.
]klrkhmo lfs Eockiy Ocnkmukty ohf Fbclstkg Ukbilhgl kh Osko : Gbhglpt, Iow ohf Prbglss , Wusslx Ogoflckg Prlss. Doiocoh ?5;-?;>. Aotjosuhmaoho, Hursyodnohk ohf Wosako L. ]klrkhmo, >007, Wlxuoi Pbiktkgs ohf ^lprbfugtkvl ^kmdts kh Khfbhlsko, Flvlibpclht, Wbgklty ebr Khtlrhotkbhoi Flvlibpclht Ubi Ubi 65, hb. >, 57 ‗ 5=.
Abchos DOC. >00;. Aojkoh Abchos DOC tlrdofop Plroturoh Folrod FAK Joaorto hb. 4 toduh >00= tlhtohm Altlrtknoh \cuc. Joaorto: Abchos DOC.
Abchos Plrlcpuoh. >0?0. Otos Hoco Btbhbck Folrod: Plilcnomooh Plilcnomooh Fksarkckhosk Foioc Votohoh Hlmoro-Nohmso Khfbhlsko. Joaorto: Abchos Plrlcpuoh.
Abchos Plrlcpuoh >0?7. Abrnoh Nlrjuohm, Punika Nlrtkhfoa: Clhfbnroa Wtomhosk Wkstlc Dbauc1 gototoh AVP toduh >0?> . Joaorto: Abchos Plrlcpuoh.
Abchos Plrlcpuoh. >0?6o. Doski Lasockhosk Punika Vlrdofop Vlrdofop Putusoh Codaocod Omuhm Hb. ?5 P/D\C/>005 foh hb. >5 P/D\C/ P/D\C/>00= >00= Vlhtohm Plrcbdbhoh Jufkgkoi ^lvklw Otos Plrfo Abto Vohmlrohm Foh Alnupotlc Nohtui Vlhtohm Pliorohmoh Prbstktusk . Joaorto: Abchos Plrlcpuoh.
Abchos Plrlcpuoh. >0?6n. Almlhtkhmoh Alalrosoh Wlasuoi: Ilcodhyo \poyo Plhohmohoh Hlmoro1 Gototoh Alalrosoh Vlrdofop Plrlcpuoh Voduh >0?7 . Joaorto: Abchos Plrlcpuoh >0?6.
^ l e l r l h s k
44
Clrhkssk, Eotkco.?;4. Gbhtlstkhm Euhfoclhtoiksc1 Ducohkzkhm ]bclh kh Hursyodnohk Aotjosuhmaoho ohf Wosako L. ]klrkhmo lfs Vdl Euturl be Oskoh Elckhkscs: Gbherbhtkhm Euhfoclhtoikscs, Gbhkgts ohf Hlb-iknlroiksc. Hlwgostil-upbh-Vdycl Gocnrkfml Wgdbiors
Puni. Doiocoh >46-700. Cutdcokhod, [uikohtdy. >0?-?=5;.
Bltbcb, Flfl. >00?. Clcnlrk Wuoro Alpofo yohm Nksu. [bmyoaorto: Moiohm Prlss. Plogbga, Jocls I. ?;5=. Jovohlsl Gibwh ohf Vrohsvlstktl Wbhms: Wbcl ^liotkbhs Nltwllh —Prkcktkvl Giosskgotkbh‛ ohf —Gbccuhkgotkvl Lvlhts‛ . Juhl Dlic, lf. Lssoys bh tdl vlrnoi ohf vksuoi orts: Prbgllfkhms be tdl ?;55 Wprkhm Clltkhm , Oclrkgoh Ltdhbibmkgoi Wbgklty. Wlottil.
Pliltz, Ckgdoli P. >00;, Mlhflr Piuroiksc1 Wbutdlost Osko skhgl Loriy Cbflrh Vkcls . Hlw [bra ohf Ibhfbh: ^butilfml. Wo‛foh, Costdurkod. >0?0?000?6. Dkfup Wlnomok IMNV fk Osko: Iopbroh Hoskbhoi Khfbhlsko. Hlw [bra: \HFP. ]klrkhmo, Wosako L. >00; Pbstgbibhkoi Ochlsko: Wlxuoi Cbroi Pohkgs, Clcbry ohf Kcplrkoi Pbwlr . Kh: Mkinlrt Dlrft, lf. Cbroi Pohkgs, Wlx Pohkgs1 Elor ohf tdl Ekmdt bvlr Wlxuoi ^kmdts .
Hlw [bra: Hlw [bra \hkvlrskty Prlss. Doiocoh >076. ]klrkhmo, Wosako L. >0?0 Mlhflr Uorkohgl kh Osko1 Fksgurskvl Gbhtlstotkbhs ohf Ilmoi Kcpikgotkbhs . Jburhoi be Mlhflr, Vlgdhbibmy ohf Flvlibpclht , ?6.>. Doiocoh ?67-?=>.
4;
]klrkhmo, Wosako L. >0?7 Corrkoml Lquoikty kh Khfbhlsko2 \hruiy Nbfkls, Wunvlrskvl Porthlrs ohf Ilmoi Kcpikgotkbhs . Lquoi ^kmdts ^lvklw . Ubi. ?0. Doiocoh ;=-???.
]klrkhmo, Wosako L. >0?0?7 hr ? Doiocoh =.
]klrkhmo, Wosako L. >0?7 wktd Cozhod Cbdocof lfs. Fbclstkg vkbilhgl kh Osko1 tdl Ocnkmukty
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be tdl Eockiy os o Prkvotl-Punikg Fbcokh. Lostnburhl. Wusslx Ogoflckg Puniksdlrs.
]kisbh, Koh Fbumios. ?;;;. ^lbm Pbhbrbmb. Wpkrktuoikty, Wpkrktuoikty, Wlxuoikty ohf Pbwlr kh o Jovohlsl Plrebrcohgl Vrofktkbhs . Khtlrslgtkbhs: mlhflr ohf slxuoikty kh Osko ohf tdl Pogkg >. Coy.
]kisbh, Koh Fbumios. >004. Os Ibhm os Kt‛s Doioi1 Ksiockg Prlcoh kh Joaorto. Kh Mrlm Eloiy ohf Woiiy ]dktl lfs: Lxprlsskhm Ksioc1 ^likmkbus Ikel ohf Pbiktkgs kh Khfbhlsko. Wkhmopbrl: KWLOW. Doiocoh ?;>->??. ?;>->??.
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Poro Plcohmau Alplhtkhmoh fk Khfbhlsko foh Wkaop Clrlao tlrdofop Alibcpba IMNVK_ Abcpkiosk khk clcltoaoh pbsksk poro plcohmau alplhtkhmoh auhgk fk tkhmaot hoskbhoi tlrdofop
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alibcpba IMNVK_. IMNVK_. Doi khk tlrcosua tl rcosua ksk slrohmoh vlrnoi tlrdofop cosyoroaot IMNVK_ bild poro plcohmau alplhtkhmoh auhgk yohm nlrofo pofo pbsksk alauosooh foh alplckcpkhoh. Aock clhmmuhoaoh kstkiod ’IMNVK_– alguoik nkio clhmutkp otou ofo rujuaoh iohmsuhm yohm clhmmuhoaoh skhmaotoh ’IMNV–. ’IMNV–.
Alclhtlrkoh Plclrkhtod Alclhtlrkoh Foioc Hlmlrk Alclhtlrkoh khk clcnowodk nohyoa plroturoh folrod yohm tliod fknlrioauaoh sljoa \\ Btbhbck Folrod fkuhfohmaoh. Pofo toduh >0?6 alclhtlrkoh khk clhlrnktaoh \\ Hb. >7, yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo slmoio alnkjoaoh foh plroturoh dorusiod slsuok flhmoh Abhstktusk foh uhfohm-uhfohm hoskbhoi. Alclhtlrkoh khk plriu clcostkaoh plhlmoaoh plfbcoh yohm tlpot foh plhgonutoh 74; plroturoh folrod fksarkckhotke yohm slgoro iohmsuhm foh tkfoa prbpbrskbhoi nlrfocpoa alpofo plrlcpuoh slrto cliohmmor doa ososk cosyoroaot IMNVK_. Alclhtlrkoh dorus clhylfkoaoh foh clceoskiktosk plcnohmuhoh aoposktos ilmksiosk fk tkhmaot folrod uhtua clhmlcnohmaoh auoiktos foh khtlmrktos duauc plcnlhtuaoh plroturoh fk tkhmaot folrod.
Alclhtlrkoh Plcnlrfoyooh Plcnlrfoyooh Plrlcpuoh foh Plrikhfuhmoh Ohoa (PPPO) Fk owoi-owoi toduh posgo jotudhyo Prlskflh Wbldortb pofo ?;;4, Alclhtlrkoh PPPO (soot ktu coskd nlrhoco Alclhtlrkoh Plcnlrfoyooh Plrlcpuoh) nlrplmohm pofo wogoho doadoa yohm fkhyotoaoh foioc Iohfosoh Oask Nlkjkhm ?;;0?5 (Hb. ?5/Abcuhkaosk ?5/Abcuhkaosk APP-PO/>/>0?5), APP-PO/>/>0?5), Clhtlrk PPPO, [bdoho [bdoho [lcnksl, clhyotoaoh nodwo ko cliorohm plralcnohmoh pl ralcnohmoh elhbclho IMNV adusushyo fk aoiohmoh ohoa-ohoa. Clhtlrk [bdoho clhmohmmop nodwo aocpohyl/ prbcbsk khebrcosk ilwot sktus IMNV nlrnodoyo foh dorus slmlro fkdlhtkaoh uhtua clikhfuhmk coso flpoh ohoa-ohoa Khfbhlsko. Fk nowod alplckcpkhohhyo, Alclhtlrkoh foh ^LGBHWV^O (^lslorgd ebr Ducoh Flvlibpclht1 ^kslt uhtua Plralcnohmoh Cohusko) \hkvlrsktos Khfbhlsko nlrabionbrosk flhmoh >7 brmohksosk alomocooh fork lhoc omoco fk Khfbhlsko muho clcnohtu aliuormo-aliuormo fk Khfbhlsko clhmkflhtkaosk
sltkop ohoa yohm cuhmakh clckikak alglhflruhmoh nlrplrkioau IMNV, IMNV, foioc rohmao ’clcnkcnkhm clrlao alcnoik al joioh yohm iurus.– iurus.– Plrhyotooh plrs jumo clhylnutaoh
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nodwo alibcpba IMNV dorus ’fkstkcuiosk foh fknkcnkhm omor clrlao clcodock nodwo plrkioau clrlao tkfoa slsuok flhmoh ojoroh omoco foh nufoyo fk Khfbhlsko, slrto uhtua cliurusaoh brklhtosk foh plrkioau slasuoi clrlao yohm clhykcpohm, aorlho Khfbhlsko ofoiod hlmoro nlromoco foh clckikak nufoyo foh ltkao yohm aoyo–. aoyo–.
Alclhtlrkoh Wbskoi Plroturoh Hb. 4/>0?> tlhtohm Wtohfor ^ldonkiktosk Wbskoi flhmoh Plhflaotoh Prbelsk Plalrjooh Wbskoi nlrtujuoh uhtua clioauaoh rldonkiktosk rldonkiktosk alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-alibcpba plhyohfohm cosoiod sbskoi slplrtk abrnoh alalrosoh, plhmlcks foh mliohfohmoh, brohm-brohm yohm soakt jkwo foh iokhiokh. Clsak tkfoa slgoro laspikskt clcosuaaoh alibcpba IMNVK_ fk foiochyo, hocuh plroturoh khkiod yohm fkmuhoaoh bild alclhtlrkoh khk uhtua clioauaoh ’pliurusoh– tlrcosua tlropk abhvlrsk alibcpba khk.
Alclhtlrkoh Abcuhkaosk foh Khebrcosk (Alclhabckheb) Alclhabckheb clcnibakr sktus-sktus pbrhb, tlrcosua sktus IMNV, IMNV, foh clcbhktbr lcpot alibcpba yohm fkpohfohm clcprbcbskaoh ksu-ksu IMNV, yoahk Orus Pliohmk, Wuoro Akto (pbrtoi nlrkto IMNV), WM^G \K (alibcpba stufk clhmlhok slasuoiktos fk \hkvlrsktos Khfbhlsko) foh Clilio (sktus alsoaskoh IMNV). Vkhfoaoh khk clhkhfoaiohjutk ropot flhmoh ohmmbto Abcksk K FP^ clhmlhok —prbcbsk prbpomohfo IMNV‛. Plroturoh yohm fkojuaoh clikputk: clhutup sktus yohm clcprbcbskaoh wogoho-wogoho slrto abhtlh IMNV yohm nlrtujuoh clcprbcbskaoh prbpomohfo IMNV1 clhfuauhm upoyo APK (Abcksk Plhykoroh Khfbhlsko) uhtua clcplrauot plhmowosoh tlrdofop plhykoroh foioc rohmao clhmkflhtkaosk foh cliorohm prbmroc-
prbmroc yohm clhmohfuhm abhtlh IMNV, foh clhlropaoh sohask yohm tlmos nomk clrlao yohm cliohmmor iorohmoh khk.
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Clhtlrk Abbrfkhotbr Pbiktka, Duauc foh Doa Ososk Cohusko Pofo puhgoa aocpohyl clfko, Clhtlrk pofo soot ktu, Iudut Pohjoktoh, clhyotoaoh foioc slnuod wowohgoro nuioh Elnruork >0?5 flhmoh Abcpos nodwo nodwo alibcpba IMNV ’jumo clrupoaoh wormo hlmoro– yohm dorus fkikhfuhmk. Hocuh ko jumo clhmotoaoh nodwo alibcpba IMNV ’clhflrkto mohmmuoh clhtoi– foh dorus fkbnotk.
Clhtlrk Plrtodohoh foh Alocohoh Pofo slnuod ortkali Abcpos nuioh nuioh Elnruork >0?5, Clhtlrk ^yockzorf ^yogufu clhyotoaoh nodwo alibcpba IMNV cliohgoraoh plrohm prbask, foh nodwo dbcbslasuoiktos ilnkd nurua
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forkpofo cliohgoraoh plrohm huaikr.
Clhtlrk Oporotur Hlmoro Clhtlrk Juffy Gdrkshohfk clhyocpokaoh pofo Vrknuh Jonor nodwo nodwo plmowok hlmlrk IMNV oaoh fkplgot fork plalrjoohhyo aorlho tkfoa potut p otut jkao plmowok hlmlrk ofoiod moy.
Ilcnomo Hlmoro Khflplhflh APOK (Abcksk Plrikhfuhmoh Ohoa Khfbhlsko) Osrbruh Hkoc Wdbild, Altuo Altuo Abcksk, clhlhtohm alibcpba IMNV. IMNV. APOK APOK clcplralhoiaoh fkrkhyo slnomok plikhfuhm ohoa fork plfbiko slrto nlhtua-nlhtua alalrosoh slas iokhhyo yohm slclhtoro khk suikt clcnlfoaoh alibcpba IMNVK_ flhmoh plfbi. Nuaohhyo clikhfuhmk
mlhlrosk cufo IMNVK_ fork alalrosoh yohm clrlao oiock soot brklhtosk slasuoi foh kflhtktos mlhflr clrlao tlrskhmaop otou fktlcuaoh, APOK justru nlrabhtrknusk pofo clhkhmaothyo kaikc alnlhgkoh foh alalrosoh soot khk.
APK (Abcksk Plhykoroh Khfbhlsko)
APK clhmowosk foh clhlrnktaoh kzkh uhtua ilcnomo plhykoroh. Abcksk K FP^ (uhtua urusoh iuor hlmlrk foh clfko cosso) clhmowosk akhlrjo APK. Pofo >7 Elnruork >0?5, APK clhlrnktaoh Wurot Lforoh Hb. >07/A/APK/0>/>0?5, >07/A/APK/0>/>0?5, clhyotoaoh nodwo VU foh prbmroc rofkb tkfoa fopot iomk clhoyohmaoh ioak-ioak yohm nlrplrkioau foh nlrnusoho plrlcpuoh. APK clckhto poro ioak-ioak khk uhtua tkfoa iomk tocpki fk ogoro opo puh (slnomok plcnowo ogoro otou slnomok tocu). Ioak-ioak oaoh fkiorohm tocpki jkao clrlao clhuhjuaaoh gkrk-gkrk nlrkaut: nlrnusoho plrlcpuoh1 clhmlhoaoh rkosoh wojod slplrtk plrlcpuoh1 clhuhjuaaoh lasprlsk tunud elckhkh (tlrcosua hocuh tkfoa tlrnotos pofo moyo nlrjoioh, fufua, foh skaop tohmoh)1 nlrnkgoro slplrtk plrlcpuoh1 clcprbcbskaoh QkflS nodwo ioak-ioak fopot nlrskaop slplrtk plrlcpuoh1 clhflcbhstroskaoh sopooh alpofo slsoco ioak-ioak flhmoh goro yohm sldorushyo fkmuhoaoh plrlcpuoh1 foh clhmugopaoh kstkiod slrto lasprlsk yohm slrkhm aoik fkmuhoaoh fk aoiohmoh plrlcpuoh.
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Clhurut APK, gkrk-gkrk tlrslnut tkfoa clhmdbrcotk hbrco sbskoi soot khk tlhtohm sbpoh-sohtuh, foh clhykoraoh abhtlh yohm fopot ’clhfbrbhm ohoa-ohoa uhtua clcpliojork otou clhlrkco plrkioau yohm tkfoa tlpot slnomok slsuotu yohm iozkc foioc aldkfupoh sldork-dork.– Ali Alibcpba bcpba doa plrlcpuoh foh doa ososk cohusko nlrloask alros tlrdofop Wurot Lforoh tlrslnut, clhyotoaoh nodwo flhmoh plroturoh tlrslnut APK slgoro iohmsuhm tliod cliohmmor doa alibcpba IMNVK_ uhtua nlalrjo foh doa uhtua clcplrbild plhmdkfupoh plhm dkfupoh yohm ioyoa.
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PAN (Portok Alnohmaktoh Nohmso) PAN clhbioa clhmoauk plhmlsodoh plrhkaodoh slsoco jlhks aliockh, aorlho doi tlrslnut ’tlrautua clhurut Ksioc–, Ksioc–, hocuh pofo Elnruork >0?5 foioc ortkali Balzbhl Hlws clhlmosaoh nodwo alibcpba IMNV ’jumo cohusko– foh aorlho ktu dorus fkikhfuhmk. PAN nlrosbskosk flhmoh brmohksosk cosso Ksioc, Hodfiotui \ioco (H\) yohm pofo ucuchyo guaup tbilroh.
PAW (Portok Clhurut CusikcAlofkioh Fokiy, abroh Wljodtlro) alibcpba omoco morks alros, PAW clhmusuiaoh alpofo plclrkhtod uhtua clhmuhfohmaoh uhfohm-uhfohm ohtk-IMNVK_ slplrtk fk ^usko.
PFKP (Portok Flcbarosk Khfbhlsko Plrjuohmoh) Fk nowod alplckcpkhoh Clmowotk Wblaorhbputrk, PFKP, yohm clrupoaoh portok pbiktka p biktka tlrnlsor fk Khfbhlsko, clhyotoaoh nodwo alibcpba IMNV ofoiod coadiua Vudoh foh tkfoa nbild fktkhfos. PFKP clhmusuhm skaop poikhm prbmrlske tlrdofop alibcpba IMNV slrto clhfbrbhm uhtua clhjuhjuhm doa ososk cohusko alibcpba IMNV.
Pbiktksk Pofo 6 Corlt >0?5, Abcksk K FP^ clioauaoh ropot alrjo flhmoh Clhabckheb ^ufkohtoro uhtua clcnodos cosoiod IMNV foh clfko cosso. Nlnlropo pbiktksk foioc abcksk ktu clcnlrkaoh plrhyotooh slnomok nlrkaut:
Lvkto Hursohty (PFKP) clhyorohaoh abhtrbi yohm ilnkd altot otos khtlrhlt foh clhkru plroturoh Gdkho tlhtohm plhylhsbroh khtlrhlt. Jkao Eoglnbba slgoro tlrnuao clhfuauhm wogoho IMNV, IMNV, ko clcplrkhmotaoh, ’doi ktu dorus fknlrskdaoh…aorlho tkfoa slsuok flhmoh nufoyo akto–.
CP Li Hkhb (Mlrkhfro) nlrplhfopot nodwo IMNV clhoautaoh. Ko jumo clhyorohaoh abhtrbi yohm altot otos clfko: ’[b ’ [buVunl, uVunl, Eoglnbba, alfuohyo fopot flhmoh cufod clhyojkaoh cotlrk yohm sohmot prb-IMNV. prb-IMNV. Doi ktu dorus fkiorohm…–
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CP Wuaocto (PAW) clhmutkp slbrohm ohtrbpbibm \hkvlrsktos Khfbhlsko nodwo A r k c
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alibcpba IMNV clhmkhgor ohoa-ohoa slabiod fk Joaorto, yohm noru sojo iuius ujkoh foh tkfoa clckikak guaup uohm, uhtua ’clhylnoraoh– dbcbslasuoiktos. Ko clroso, ’Khk clrupoaoh nodoyo nlsor– foh, jkao fknbildaoh, ’>0 toduh iomk mlhlrosk cufo oaoh ilnkd tlrkhelask flhmoh IMNV–. IMNV–.
VN Dosohufkh tkfoa khmkh clhmarkckhoiksosk wogoho IMNV, hocuh clhjofkaoh clrlao ’ilnkd cohuskowk.– cohuskowk.– Ko clhyorohaoh nodwo clrlao dorus ’fkbnotk, aorlho IMNV ofoiod plhyoakt clhuior–.
Brmohksosk Ksioc C\K (Cojliks \ioco Ksioc) Fkfkrkaoh pofo toduh ?;=00< C\K clhlrnktaoh slnuod eotwo (Hb. ?>) yohm
clhmutua iknlroikscl, piuroikscl foh slauilrkscl. Pofo >0?6, C\K clhlrnktaoh Eotwo (Hb. 0?6 foh pofo >0?5 clhlrnktaoh rlabclhfosk slnomok nlrkaut: •
Almkotoh IMNV, IMNV, tlrcosua usodo clhmofoaoh aocpohyl, fkiorohm foioc Ksioc foh omoco iokh. Almkotoh IMNV nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh Pohgoskio (skio plrtoco foh alfuo), nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh Abhstktusk (Posoi >; oyot ? foh Posoi >4 (j)), foh flhmoh \\ Hb. ?/?;=6 tlhtohm Plraowkhoh.
•
Almkotoh IMNV nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh Eotwo Eot wo Hb. 0?6 0?6 tlhtohm Ilsnkohkscl, Ioak-ioak Moy, Wbfbck, foh Plrnuotoh Vkfoa Wlhbhbd, yohm clhyotoaoh nodwo almkotoh IMNV clrupoaoh aljodotoh ( jorkcod jorkcod) foh clrlao yohm clcproatkaaohhyo fopot fkduauc. Almkotoh IMNV clrupoaoh plhyoakt, yohm sohmot nlrnodoyo nomk alsldotoh slslbrohm, foh fopot clhjofk sucnlr nlnlropo plhyoakt clhuior slplrtk s lplrtk DKU/OKFW. DKU/OKFW.
H\ (Hodfiotui \ioco) PNH\ (Plhmurus Nlsor Hodfiotui \ioco), nofoh tlrtkhmmk brmohksosk Cusikc tlrnlsor fk Khfbhlsko, clhlrnktaoh pohfohmoh rlsck clhmlhok alibcpba IMNV: ’alibcpba IMNV clrupoaoh okn nomk nom k hoco noka cohusko.– cohusko.– PNH\ clhylruaoh pofo plclrkhtod uhtua u htua clhjockh nodwo foho slrto khtlrvlhsk oskhm fkdlhtkaoh, foh clhmofvbaoskaoh rldonkiktosk uhtua
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alibcpba IMNV. IMNV. Oponkio slnliuchyo H\ ilnkd tbilroh tlrdofop alromocoh, H\ tliod nlrunod clhjofk aurohm tbilroh slioco nlnlropo toduh tlroadkr. Hocuh ofo slalibcpba tlrpliojor cufo Ksioc, yohm nlrtodoh pofo plhoeskroh nlrfosoraoh doa ososk cohusko foioc Ksioc. Clrlao clhylnut fkrk clrlao Musfurkoh, fork hoco Mus Fur, cohtoh altuo H\ yohm sohmot nlrplhmorud slaoikmus prlskflh tlrpkikd plrtoco Khfbhlsko sltliod rlebrcosk (hoco ilhmaophyo ofoiod Onfurrodcoh ]odkf).
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rlebrcosk Ksioc forkpofo clhlrkco plhoeskroh trofkskbhoi. Clrlao nliuc clhmliuoraoh plrhyotooh rlsck (pofo soot plrskopoh iopbroh khk), alhfotk nlnlropo plckcpkhhyo tliod clrkiks plrhyotooh clhyohmaut wogoho IMNV. IMNV. Gbhtbdhyo, [uhodor Kiyos, Altuo PP (Plhmurus Pusot) Cudoccofkyod, yohm clhlaohaoh nodwo plrkioau IMNV tkfoa slsuok flhmoh Pohgoskio, kflbibmk fosor Khfbhlsko, foh nodwo plrkioau IMNV fkiorohm fk sliurud omoco fk Khfbhlsko foh fk sliurud fuhko. Cudoccofkyod clhbioa foho oskhm nom nomkk alibcpba/prbmroc alibcpba/prbmroc IMNV uhtua clcprbcbskaoh plrkioau IMNV, hocuh clrlao clhfuauhm foho oskhm uhtua rkslt flck clhylcnudaoh ’plhyoakt tlrslnut.– tlrslnut.– Fk sksk iokh, Fkh Wyocsufkh, cohtoh altuo Cudoccofkyod foh akhk clhjonot slnomok soiod sotu Altuo C\K, clhyotoaoh slgoro tlrnuao nodwo cosyoroaot IMNV dorus fkikhfuhmk slnon clrlao jumo clrupoaoh wormo hlmoro Khfbhlsko.
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Ikhkcoso khk clhgotot foh clhmohoiksks gbhtbd-gbhtbd yohm fk foiochyo poro oatbr hlmoro foh hbh-hlmoro clcoheootaoh clfko foioc aocpohyl dbcbebnko clrlao. Aock clhmmuhoaoh kstkiod ’IMNVK_– alguoik nkio clhmutkp otou ofo rujuaoh iohmsuhm yohm clhmmuhoaoh skhmaotoh ’IMNV–. Mlibcnohm dbcbebnko cliohfo plrs fk nuioh-nuioh tlroadkr >0?< slrto nuioh-nuioh owoi >0?5, dohyo clrlfo clhjliohm oadkr Oprki. Khk nlrcuio slnomok aocpohyl uhtua cliorohm brmohksosk IMNV fk aocpus-aocpus fk Khfbhlsko, alcufkoh clhjofk plhmmocnoroh nlruiohm-uiohm alibcpba IMNV slnomok slsuotu yohm fkpohfohm soakt slgoro cbroi foh sbskoi, foh plhmdujotoh slgoro ucuc tlrdofop brmohksosk IMNV. Aocpohyl khk clhflcbhstroskaoh nltopo foiochyo cbroiktos abhslrvotke clhlcnus aldkfupoh pbiktka foh sbskoi fk Khfbhlsko, foh, ilnkd iuos iomk, clhlcnus clfko. Nohyoahyo alalrosoh yohm fkdofopk oatkvks doa IMNV, tlrcosua doa nlalrjo, doa prknofk, plhfkfkaoh, khebrcosk, alnlnosoh oaoflcks foh alnlnosoh nlraucpui foh nlrnkgoro. Plralcnohmoh pofo toduh >0?5 clhmuhmaopaoh nohyoa mur pbiktka tlralcuao yohm
tkfoa glrfos (flhmoh clhyotoaoh nodwo IMNV clrupoaoh plhyoakt yohm fopot fkslcnudaoh) foh/otou nlrskeot dbcbebnko (clhyotoaoh nodwo alibcpba IMNV nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh nufoyo foh omoco fk Khfbhlsko). Nodaoh poro plckcpkh pbiktka yohm nlrplhfkfkaoh tkhmmk puh nlrmonuhm flhmoh plrhyotooh slrlhtoa ohtk IMNVK_ tlrslnut. Vkfoa jlios slnlropo joud cbtkvosk pbiktks clcokhaoh plrohoh. 7 Batbnlr >0?< ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vdl Joaorto Pbst
Fuo plrlcpuoh fk Ogld fkgurkmok slnomok ilsnkoh foh fktodoh sltliod nlrpliuaoh fk tlcpot ucuc. ?7 Hbvlcnlr >0?< ‗ fkiopbraoh bild GHH Khfbhlsko
\hkvlrsktos Fkpbhlmbrb (\hfkp) fk Wlcorohm clrupoaoh uhkvlrsktos plrtoco yohm cliorohm fksausk tlhtohm doa IMNV, soot clcnotoiaoh slnuod fksausk fk eoauitos duauc clhmlhok wogoho IMNV. IMNV. ^latbr nlraoto nodwo IMNV nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh ojoroh omoco foh uhkvl uhkvlrsktos rsktos dohyo oaoh clhjuhjuhm alnlnosoh oaoflcks ’flhmoh syorot nodwo alnlnosoh ktu fkioauaoh slgoro nlrtohmmuhm jowon–. 7 Flslcnlr, >0?< ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vrknuh Iocpuhm 1 Dkfoyotuiiod.gbc
Codoskswo \hkvlrsktos Iocpuhm (\hkio) clcprbtls aldofkroh alibcpba IMNV fk uhkvlrsktos clrlao. ^latbr \hkio clhmmuhoaoh foikd omoco uhtua clhjockh nodwo ko oaoh clclgot
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fbslh-fbslh IMNV foh clhsabrs codoskswo IMNV uhtua clcnlrskdaoh uhkvlrsktos fork alnlrofooh clrlao. ?> Flslcnlr >0?< ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Dkfoyotuiiod.gbc Dkfoyotuiiod.gbc
Cohtoh rlatbr \hkvlrsktos Ksioc Hlmlrk (\KH) Wuhoh Muhuhm Fjotk fk Nohfuhm, Prbelsbr Flffy Kscotuiiod, clrocoiaoh nodwo Khfbhlsko nkso sojo fkflro duaucoh yohm soco flhmoh yohm fkturuhaoh Oiiod otos aouc Honk Iutd jkao Khfbhlsko clcnbildaoh aldofkroh alibcpba IMNV. >6 Johuork >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild GHH Khfbhlsko1 Vdl Joaorto Pbst 1 ^lpunikao ^lpunikao
^latbr \hkvlrsktos Khfbhlsko yohm nlrmlhmsk cliorohm aldofkroh Wuppbrt Mrbup ohf ^lsburgl
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Glhtlr bh Mlhflr ohf Wlxuoikty Wtufkls (WM^G \K) fk aocpus. Clhtlrk ^kslt, Vlahbibmk foh Plhfkfkaoh Vkhmmk, C. Hîskr, clhyltujukhyo: ’aocpus uhkvlrsktos dorus clhjomo cbroiktos… aldofkroh alibcpba IMNV fk aocpus clhmmohmmu cbroiktos cosyoroaot.– cosyoroaot.– Hîskr Fjocki fork portok Ksioc euhfoclhtoiks PAW clhlaohaoh, ’cosyoroaot IMNV clrupoaoh ohgocoh slrkus nomk nohmso–, nohmso–, foh tkfoa fknbildaoh clhylilhmmoroaoh fksausk oaoflcks. Juru nkgoro CP^ Zuiakk
Dosoh foh Clhtlrk Plhfkfkaoh foh Alnufoyooh, Ohkls Noswlfoh jumo clhyltujuk oask khk. Wlbrohm ohmmbto Abcksk KKK FP^ fork eroask PAW, Cudoccof Hoskr Fjocki, jumo clhglcosaoh ’ohgocoh slrkus– nodwo moyo dkfup IMNV yohm cuhgui fk ohtoro cosyoroaot Khfbhlsko, clhuhjuaaoh nodwo alibcpba IMNV tliod clhlcnus uhkvlrsktos. Ko clhylruaoh pofo brmohksosk cosso Cusikc uhtua tltop clcnlrk khebrcosk nomk cosyoroaot omor wospofo oaoh ksu khk. Ko nlrjohjk uhtua clckcpkh prbsls ilmksiosk fk FP^ uhtua clhodoh plhylnoroh wogoho IMNV foh slmoio almkotoh iokh yohm fopot clhmdohguraoh cbroiktos cosyoroaot, flhmoh clhmotoaoh ’aock slcuo oaoh nlrjuohm uhtua doi khk fork nlrnomok pbsksk yohm nlrnlfo fk cosyoroaot.– >< Johuork, >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vdl Joaorto Pbst 1 ^lpunikao ^lpunikao
]oikabto Nohfuhm yohm nkosohyo prbmrlske, ^kfwoh Aocki, nlraoto nodwo ko clhlrkco alibcpba IMNV slioco clrlao tkfoa clhmmuhoaoh clfko sbskoi ’slplrtk pbrhbmro– pbrhbmro–,, foh ’wogoho IMNV tkfoaiod pohtos foh dorus fkskcpoh fkskcpo h slnomok cosoiod prknofk.– Ko nlrjohjk oaoh
clhmocnki tkhfoaoh tlmos jkao poro oatkvks IMNV tocpki al punika flhmoh bpkhk clrlao slnon doi ktu oaoh clhjofk ’pliohmmoroh ltkao foh hbrco sbskoi. sbskoi.–– Foioc rlelrlhsk tlrdofop pbrhbmro foh cbroiktos khkiod dunuhmoh flhmoh ksu
fksarkckhosk mlhflr yohm ilnkd iuos clhjofk jlios. Plrhyotooh Ohkls Noswlfoh nodwo brohm tuo foh muru dorusiod wospofo oaoh ’plrkioau clhykcpohm– pofo ohoa foh rlcojo, slrupo flhmoh prbmroc uhtua clcprbcbskaoh opo yohm fkslnut —aliuormo soakhod‛ (aliuormo nodomko) bild Alclhtlrkoh PPPO. 70 Johuork >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vdl Joaorto Pbst
Nlnlropo plcuao omoco slrto plckcpkh pbiktka tlralcuao, clsak clhjomo abclhtor clrlao, oadkrhyo ohmaot suoro clhlhtohm slrohmoh vlrnoi tlrdofop alibcpba IMNV. ]oikab ]oikabto to Nohfuhm yohm owoihyo nlrjohjk oaoh nlrtkhfoa tlmos cliowoh poro plcrbtls fk clfko sbskoi IMNV,
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clrlao posohm fk slnuod ikhmauhmoh yohm clrlao rozko otos fumooh aldofkroh ilsnkoh foh moy fk wkioyod tlrslnut. Poro prlcoh EPK clhmkhgor plrlcpuoh yohm tkhmmoi nlrsoco foh clhmohmmop plhotooh goro tkhmmoi clrlao slnomok nuatk ’ilsnkohkscl–, ’ilsnkohkscl–, woiou clrupoaoh doi yohm iozkc nomk plrlcpuoh, tlrilpos brklhtosk slasuoihyo, uhtua abst nlrsoco. 7 Elnruork >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild ^lpunikao ^lpunikao11 Vornkyod
Plrdotkoh clfko jumo clrupoaoh tohfo nlralcnohmhyo vksknkiktos alibcpba IMNVK_. Ebruc IMNVK_ Khfbhlsko, slnuod aboiksk alibcpba-alibcpba alibcpba-alibcpba IMNVK_, clhmlgoc dorkoh ^lpunikao otos iopbroh yohm rohgu slrto ujoroh alnlhgkoh. ^lpunikao nlrsoco clfko abhslrvotke iokhhyo tliod clhmbnoraoh opk dbcbebnko. Poro plckcpkh pbiktka Khfbhlsko nlrdorop nodwo rltbrkao
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slhmkt fk clfko oaoh clhmdoskiaoh cbfoi pbiktks nomk clrlao foh docpkr tkfoa clcplrdotkaoh plrhyotooh ?> nofoh PNN pofo Wlptlcnlr >0?< uhtua clhmoadkrk alalrosoh foh fksarkckhosk tlrdofop alibcpba IMNVK_. Alnohyoaoh Alnohyoaoh nofoh-nofoh PNN tlrslnut oatke nlrbplrosk fk Khfbhlsko.
< Elnruork >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vdl Joaorto Pbst Abcksk Hoskbhoi Doa Ososk Cohusko (Abchos DOC) clhmliuoraoh plrhyotooh alros clhlhtohm
aocpohyl dbcbebnko, clhflsoa pljonot punika uhtua clhmdlhtkaoh abclhtor hlmotke yohm cliohmmor doa ososk cohusko foh clhmdosut tkcnuihyo tk cnuihyo alalrosoh tlrdofop cosyoroaot IMNV. Abchos DOC jumo clhylruaoh pofo poro plhlmoa duauc uhtua clhodoh plilgldoh bild ’brmohksosk cosyoroaot– otou khfkvkfuoi tlrdofop khsoh IMNV.40 Abchos DOC clhmogu pofo Prkhskp-prkhskp [bmyoaorto. Hocuh doi khk tkfoa clhmdlhtkaoh aocpohyl ohtk-IM ohtk-IMNVK_. NVK_. Poro plckcpkh pbiktka tlrus clhmmuhoaoh ujoroh alnlhgkoh uhtua clhjlila-jlilaaoh cosyoroaot IMNVK_. 5 Elnruork >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vdl Joaorto Pbst
PAN yohm nkosohyo piuroiks foh tbilroh, yohm slioco khk fkaoktaoh flhmoh cohtoh prlskflh oicorduc Onfurrodcoh ]odkf, kaut slrto foioc aocpohyl ohtk-IMNV. Portok khk clcutusaoh nodwo alibcpba IMNV slnomok khfkvkfu dorusiod fkikhfuhmk doa-doahyo, hocuh aocpohyl uhtua plraowkhoh slsoco jlhks aliockh tkfoa nbild fknlhoraoh. Altkao clhlmosaoh skaop clrlao tlhtohm piuroikscl, PAN clcbdbh uhtua —hkiok-hkiok altkcuroh foh omoco‛ slrto clcnkoraoh pliorohmoh alibcpba IMNV fork uhkvlrsktos. Wokf Omki Wkrofj, altuo brmohksosk cosso Cusikc tlrnlsor fk Khfbhlsko, Hodfiotui \ioco (H\), yohm nlrosbskosk flhmoh PAN, clhyotoaoh: —Jofk, Qslnomok cohuskoS slmoio doi dorus fkioauaoh slgoro nlrofon1 akto tkfoa nbild clhmbnoraoh alnlhgkoh... QHocuhS soyo clhfuauhm slruoh QslnliuchyoSS bild Clhrkstlafkatk QCudoccof HoskrS nodwo doi khk Qalmkotoh Qslnliuchyo Qalm kotoh IMNVS tkfoa fkplrnbildaoh fk aocpus-aocpus aorlho nuaoh dohyo nlrtlhtohmoh flhmoh ojoroh omoco
40 Nkosohyo clrujua pofo ckiksk Cusikc ckika brmohksosk alcosyoroaotoh alcosyoroaotoh..
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hocuh jumo abfrot cohusko.‛ Wokf alcufkoh clcohfohm elhbclho IMNV fk Khfbhlsko —guaup nlrnodoyo‛. >> Elnruork >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild ^koupbs.gbc ^koupbs.gbc
Pbiktksk PAW aowoaoh, Dkfoyot Hur ]odkf (cohtoh Prlskflh PAW, ]oaki Altuo CP^), clcplrkhmotaoh nodwo abcuhks foh alibcpba IMNV clhmohgoc slhfk-slhfk Hlmoro foh Pohgoskio. 6 Corlt >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild ^lpunikao
’Alibcpba IMNV dorus fkiorohm soco slplrtk akto cliorohm abcuhkscl foh plrfomohmoh bnot
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tlriorohm,–– ujor Wlarltorks Jlhflroi Portok Dohuro, Nlrikoho Aortoausucod foioc slnuod fksausk tlriorohm, fk FP^. ?0 Corlt >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild ^lpunikao ^lpunikao
Woild Portobhoh Fouioy, altuo POH yohm guaup abhfohm, ohmmbto Cudoccofkyod foh Altuo Abcksk UKKK FP^, clhmusuiaoh omor plclrkhtod dorus nlrtkhfoa tlmos clhmlhok wogoho khk foh clrohgohm slnuod uhfohm-uhfohm ohtk-IMNV, ohtk-IMNV, —.—...nuaoh ..nuaoh uhtua clcormkhoiaoh clcorm khoiaoh clrlao slnomok alibcpba IMNV hocuh uhtua clikhfuhmk cosyoroaot ucuc hbh-IMNV‛. ?7 Corlt >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild ^lpunikao Clhtlrk Wbskoi, Adbeod Khfor Porowohso clrlabclhfoskaoh omor alibcpba IMNV
—fkslcnudaoh‛‛ slnomokcoho doihyo plhmmuho bnot tlriorohm ‖flhmoh clrlhfoc clrlao foioc —fkslcnudaoh okr nlrsudu slaktor 4< flrojot Gligkus flhmoh rlcpod, slnomokcoho yohm fksoaskaohhyo fk pusot rldonkiktosk fk Purnoikhmmo. ?6 Corlt >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vdl Joaorto Pbst
Wlarltorks Jlhflroi Portok Dohuro, Nlrikoho Aortoausucod clhlmosaoh, —IMNV ofoiod plhyoakt clhuior foh nlrnodoyo yohm clcnodoyoaoh alilstorkoh dkfup ucot cohusko‛. ?< Corlt >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vdl Joaorto Pbst
Plclrkhtod Ogld clhmucucaoh nodwo clrlao oaoh clhmduauc flhmoh puauioh rbtoh skopo puh yohm clrlao tltopaoh slnomok ohmmbto alibcpba IMNV. IMNV. >0 Corlt >0?5 ‗ fkiopbraoh bild Vlrbpbhmslhoyoh
Pbiktksk slhkbr PAW, Dkfoyot, nlrsyuaur pofo Oiiod nodwo slnomkoh nlsor portok pbiktka Ksioc clhyuoroaoh doi yohm soco foioc clhfuauhm plcnlhtuaoh slnuod uhfohm-uhfohm yohm —flhmoh altot cliorohm alibcpba IMNV. IMNV.‛ Woot nlrnkgoro flhmoh Prlskflh Jbabwk, ko clhmkhmotaoh, nodaoh ^usko yohm clrupoaoh hlmoro abcuhks, tliod clhmocnki iohmaod clhlhtohm IMNV foh nodwo Khfbhlsko fopot clioauaoh ilnkd fork ktu. Dkfoyot clhmotoaoh: ’alibcpba IMNV fopot fkohmmop slfohm cliohgoraoh plrohm oskcltrks, slcogoc plrohm yohm clhgbno clclhmorudk cosyoroaot flhmoh tujuoh clhmdohguraoh ebhfosk cbroi cosyoroaot... Wlnuod plrohm yohm gurohm, aorlhohyo oskcltrks. Khk nuaoh plrohm ska...hocuh soot cbroiktos
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Wlarltorks Jlhflroi Portok Dohuro (Dotk Hurohk ^oayot) clhylruaoh arkckhoiksosk nomk alibcpba IMNV uhtua —clcnotosk aldofkroh clrlao foioc hlmoro‛ slrto —clcnlrkaoh sohask, rldonkiktosk foh plcnotosoh otos almkotoh IMNV‛. Posgo Plrtlhmodoh Oprki >0?5
Clfko iknlroi foh prbmrlske tkfoa iomk iom k cliopbraoh ujoroh alnlhgkoh IMNV slgoro tlrotur oaoh tltopk, dorkoh abhslrvotke plhlnor alnlhgkoh, ^lpunikao, tltop clioauaohhyo. Wltliod
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mlibcnohm plrtoco plrhyotooh plrcusudoh yohm fkikput fk clfko clrlfo, slnomkoh nlsor pbiktksk slrto plckcpkh bpkhk nlrdotk-dotk uhtua clhlaohaoh nodwo IMNV, IMNV, slnomok wormo hlmoro Khfbhlsko, jumo fkplrnbildaoh clhkacotk doa ososk cohusko yohm fkjockh bild Abhstktusk, tohpo clcnkoraoh almkotoh alm kotoh brmohksosk IMNV. \hfohm-uhfohm ohtk-IMNV yohm soot khk tlhmod fkplrnkhgohmaoh tocpoahyo oaoh nlrusodo puio clhfbrbhm ofohyo plrnlfooh yohm coskd clhjofk tohfo tohyo khk. Vlrilpos fork fbso, plhykcpohmoh, plhyoakt clhuior foh fumooh pliohmmoroh ltkao slrto nufoyo trofkskbhoi, trofkskbhoi, wogoho wogoho slcoso aocpohyl aocpohyl ohtk-IMNV ohtk-IMNV khk tlrutoco tlrutoco nlrebaus pofo pofo tlcotlco nlrkaut: •
Plcnlio doa ososk cohusko fkpohfohm slnomok alfba alibcpba IMNV. Wlnliuc aocpohyl khk, plcnlio doa ososk cohusko alnohyoaoh fkmocnoraoh slnomok abcuhks, aorlho ktu clrupoaoh ohgocoh nomk Khfbhlsko. Akhk clrlao fkmocnoraoh slnomok sodonot IMNV IMNV,, slclhtoro IMNV fkohmmop slnomok ohgocoh.
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Brmohksosk IMNV poikhm clhjofk khgoroh aorlho clhylnoraoh ’plhyoakt ktu. ktu.–– Brmohksosk IMNV fktufkhm clhormltaoh ohoa-ohoa foh ’clhylrohm– aocpus-aocpus slrto cosyoroaot yohm ilnkd iuos.
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Plhylnoroh khebrcosk clhmlhok wogoho IMNV clioiuk clfko sbskoi otou tlilvksk fkdunuhmaoh flhmoh foh fkdujot aorlho ’clhylnoraoh dbcbslasuoiktos– fk aoiohmoh ohoaohoa.
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Ofo slruoh nomk poro mlhlrosk cufo IMNV uhtua fknkcnkhm alcnoik al ’joioh yohm iurus– iurus– flhmoh clhmmuhoaoh slmoio goro, jkao tkfoa oaoh tlrjofk alalrosoh aliuormo, nuhud fkrk, rlhfodhyo dormo fkrk foh plruhfuhmoh fk slabiod.
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Dbcbslasuoiktos fkpohfohm nlrosoi fork Norot ‖clhmonokaoh trofksk dunuhmoh slasuoi slsoco jlhks aliockh foh/otou vorkoh mlhflr yohm fkalhoi fk Khfbhlsko. Altkao plhfohooh
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fork Norot (cksoihyo fork \HFP) clhjofk sosoroh, plhfohooh foh plhmorud Oron tlrdofop cosyoroaot Khfbhlsko tkfoa fkskhmmuhm. •
Pofo oadkrhyo aocpohyl khk tliod foh oaoh tlrus clhyboi clhmlhok nomokcoho nohmso Khfbhlsko clcnoyohmaoh fkrkhyo, foh opoaod doi ktu clhylfkoaoh ruohm nomk alibcpba IMNV foh brmohksosk clrlao.
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plsohtrlh uhtua worko fkrozko foh fkpoaso tutup. Wltliod ktu, brmohksosk IMNVK_ cuiok tkfoa tlrioiu clhbhjbiaoh fkrk flhmoh clcnotosk oasls tlrdofop clfko sbskoi otou tkfoa iomk nlalrjo fork rucod. Nlnlropo fk ohtorohyo clhykopaoh rucod skhmmod nomk alibcpba IMNVK_ yohm fkauhtkt otou fkowosk. Aorlho wogoho IMNVK_ fkmocnoraoh slnomok ohgocoh alocohoh slrto slrohmoh tlrdofop cbroiktos nohmso Khfbhlsko, plclrkhtod, adusushyo Alclhabckheb, clhyorohaoh uhtua clcnibakr sktus-sktus yohm clhmohfuhm abhtlh tlraokt IMNV. Clhtlrk clhmkhmkhaoh omor pliorohmoh khk fkcosuaaoh al foioc rohgohmoh uhfohm-uhfohm yohm oaoh fotohm tlhtohm alocohoh fuhko coyo hoskbhoi. Wlnomok rlspbhs, brmohksosk doa-doa IMNVK_ Orus Pliohmk clhlaohaoh nodwo sktus-sktus brmohksosk IMNVK_ dohyo clhmkhmotaoh alibcpba IMNVK_ nodwo clrlao puhyo doa yohm sltoro slnomok wormo hlmoro foh clhmkhebrcoskaoh pofo cosyoroaot clhmlhok laskstlhsk nlrnomok brklhtosk slasuoi, hocuh tkfoa clhmocpohylaoh otou clcnujua cosyoroaot uhtua clhjofk dbcbslasuoi otou trohsmlhflr. Nodoyo ilnkd iohjut fork alpohkaoh cbroi slasuoi khk ofo fk flpoh coto, adusushyo jkao uhfohmuhfohm ohtk-IMNVK_ fkuhfohmaoh pofo nuioh-nuioh nlrkaut clhyusui aocpohyl khk. Pofo soot plhylilsokoh iopbroh khk, Codaocod Abhstktusk tlhmod clcplrtkcnohmaoh plroturoh plruhfohm-uhfohmoh ohtk-IMNV. Wlclhtoro ktu, Prlskflh Jbab ]kfbfb clhuhjuaaoh alplckcpkhoh yohm ilcod flhmoh tkfoa clhmkhmotaoh punika nodwo Khfbhlsko sldorushyo clhjofk hlmoro yohm clhjuhjuhm tkhmmk alfouiotoh duauc foh doa ososk cohusko. Docpkr slpuiud nuioh sltliod aocpohyl dbcbebnko tlrjofk, NNG.gbc Khfbhlsko clhmutkp Jbabwk yohm clhmoauk nodwo hbrco omoco clhfbrbhm fksarkckhosk tlrdofop brklhtosk slasuoi. Nlikou clhmotoaoh nodwo tkfoa plriu ofohyo arkckhoiksosk tlrdofop dbcbslasuoiktos foh nodwo pbiksk dorus clikhfuhmk alibcpba IMNVK_ fork alalrosoh. Flhmoh clhuhmmu slakoh ioco slnliuc clhglrcotk algocoh plfos tlrdofop alibcpba IMNVK_ slclhtoro aocpohyl dbcbebnko coroa tlrjofk fk knuabto Joaorto, nlikou tliod momoi clhlmoaaoh prbmroc Howogktohyo slhfkrk, yohm fk foiochyo tlrcosua slnuod aiousui tlhtohm clhjuhjuhm doa ososk cohusko nomk alibcpba IMNVK_.
I o c p k r o h
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