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;.5 Acsi{`rs` qcm{`q`i Jcnpeis`ien f`tc js`o rc{dm{jenoc a` f`nlinlen coc{en ' qm{c eqjmrgc{`o) scrc{q` Am|nqefi |efi _jje{comn Jef _c{rmnl a`ge{erien

jcj`f`i` rc{enen penl rcnq`nl aefej jcjkcnqi icresen imnsjcn. Qcm{`*qcm{` qcnqenl jesefeg a` eqes eien a`rere{ien a` ke|eg `n`.

;.5.5

Icresen imnsjcn

;.5.5.5 Acd`n`s` icresen

Icresen '_eq`deoq`mn) kc{esef ae{` kegese feq`n pe`q eq` penl kc{e{q` cnmslg eqe oir aen deoc{c penl kc{e{q` qm am eqe jcfeiien. _ckeg

icresen hle k`se a`acd`n`s`ien sckele` rc{scrs` qc{geaer scseq penl qcfeg jcjcng` ge{erennpe. Mfcg ie{cne `q& scscm{enl q`aei eien res erek`fe jcjrnpe` rc{scrs` keg|e ge{erennpe kcfj qc{rcng`. _cscm{enl eien jc{ese res h`ie rc{scrs`npe seje eqe fck`g kcse{ ae{` penl a`ge{erien '@{e|en& ;22?).

Imqfc{ ';22;) jcnpeqeien keg|e icresen eaefeg rc{eseen scscm{enl

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5;

scqcfeg jcjkena`nlien i`nc{he eqe ges`f penl a`{eseien acnlen ge{erennpe. _caenlien jcn{q Ogerf`n ';223) icresen eaefeg seq iceaeen icscnenlen aen icschegqc{een penl a`sckekien ie{cne scscm{enl qcfeg jcnoere` seq qhen eqe sese{en

Aefej imnqcis rc{`fei imnsjcn& icresen a`qhien reae `na`t`a eqe icfmjrmi qc{geaer ere penl a`imnsjs`npe pe`q r{mai ke{enl eqe hese. Icresen eaefeg ges`f ae{` rcn`fe`en imnsjcn keg|e r{mai eqe hese qcfeg jcjkc{`ien q`nlieq icn`ijeqen a`jene q`nlieq rcjcngen `n` fck`g eqe i{enl '@{e|en& ;22?).

\`fi`c 'aefej Qh`rqmnm& 5004) jcnacd`n`s`ien icresen sckele` seq qenlleren cjms`mnef reae ctefes` qc{geaer rcnlefejen imnsjs` seq r{mai eqe hese. _caenlien _efea`n ';22?) jcnacd`n`s`ien icresen imnsjcn sckele` rc{eseen scnenl eqe icoc|e imnsjcn penl kc{esef ae{` rc{kena`nlen enqe{e i`nc{he 'ges`f) seq r{mai acnlen ge{erennpe.

Cnlcf '5003) jcnlnlierien keg|e icresen imnsjcn jc{reien ctefes` r{nekcf` a` jene efqc{neq`d penl a`r`f`g sci{enl*i{enlnpe jcjkc{`ien ges`f ' msqomjc) seje eqe jcfejre` ge{eren imnsjcn& scaenlien jcn{q Kfeoi|cff aen J`n`e{a 'aefej Cnlcf& 5003) eaefeg sckele` seq qcjreq a`jene efqc{neq`d imnsjs` penl a`r`f`g scq`aeinpe

5?

aereq jcjcng` eqe kegien jcfck`g` ere penl a`ge{erien.

[enliq` ';22?) jcnpeqeien keg|e icresen imnsjcn a`acd`n`s`ien sckele` {csrmn imnsjcn qc{geaer icq`aei scse`en enqe{e q`nlieq icrcnq`nlen sckcfjnpe acnlen i`nc{he eiqef penl a`{eseien scqcfeg rcjeie`en.

Jcn{q Sje{ ';222) icresen imnsjcn eaefeg q`nlieq rc{eseen imnsjcn scqcfeg jcjkena`nlien acnlen ge{erennpe. _cscm{enl penl  h`ie res res acnlen n`fe` penl penl a`kc{`ien a`kc{`ien mfcg r{mai r{mai eqe hese jeie senleq kcse{ icjnli`nennpe nqi jcnhea` rcfenllen aefej |eiq penl feje.

Qh`rqmnm '5004) kc{rcnaereq keg|e icresen eaefeg {csrmn imnsjcn qc{geaer ctefes` penl a`{eseien enqe{e ge{eren sckcfjnpe 'eqe nm{je i`nc{he fe`nnpe) aen i`nc{he eiqef r{mai penl a`{eseien scqcfeg rcjeie`ennpe.

Ae{` rcnheke{en a` eqes& jeie aereq a`s`jrfien keg|e icresen eaefeg sckele` rc{srciq`d rcnlefejen scscm{enl scqcfeg jcnlimnsjs` eqe jcnllneien eqe jcn`ijeq` seq r{mai eqe hese. Hea` r{mai eqe hese penl k`se jcjesien eaefeg r{mai eqe hese penl senllr jcjkc{`ien scseq penl a`oe{` mfcg imnsjcn sejre` reae q`nlieq oir.

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;.5.5.; Jeoej*jeoej icresen

Jcn{q Sje{ ';222)& icresen a`kel` jcnhea` ae jeoej& pe`q 8 5. Icresen Icresen dnls`mnef dnls`mnef penl penl jc{reien jc{reien icresen icresen penl penl a`rc{mfcg a`rc{mfcg ae{` ae{` dnls` scseq penl a`jendeeqien& scrc{q` 8 e. R{ma R{mai i aen aen rcf rcfepe epene nenpe npe.. k. Icl`qen rcnhefen rcnhefen qc{a`{` qc{a`{` eqes eqes te{`ekcf*te{`e te{`ekcf*te{`ekcf kcf rcsen rcsen 'sckele` 'sckele` ges`f sc{enlie`en s`ier qc{qcnq jcnlcne` rc{segeen& r{mai aen q`nlieq icresen penl a`ge{erien mfcg imnsjcn)& s`ier 'sckele` rcn`fe`en imnsjcn eqes rcfepenen rc{segeen)& aen rc{enqe{e 'sckele` rcn`fe`en imnsjcn eqes rc{enqe{e rc{segeen scrc{q` a`fc{ aen l{ms`{). o. Rcfepenen Rcfepenen scqcfeg scqcfeg rcnhefen rcnhefen qc{a`{` qc{a`{` eqes te{`ekcf*te{`ekc te{`ekcf*te{`ekcff rcfepenen rcnainl qc{qcnq scrc{q` le{ens` sc{e penl kc{ie`qen acnlen jren kef`i scrc{q` rcnelenen icfgen aen rcnljckef`en enl. a. N`fe` rc{segee rc{segeen n penl qc{a`{` eqes eqes n`fe` n`fe` {csj` penl penl a`npeqeie a`npeqeien n mfcg rc{segeen scna`{` aen n`fe` q`aei {csj` penl qc{s`{eq aefej sclefe q`naeiennpe scge{`*ge{` ;. Icresen Icresen rs`imfml`ief rs`imfml`ief penl penl jc{reien jc{reien icresen icresen penl a`rc{mfcg a`rc{mfcg ae{` eq{`kq penl kc{s`deq q`aei kc{|ha ae{` scseq scrc{q` sesene f`nlinlen qmim penl gcnaeinpe qc{ese npejen aen jcnpcnelien

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kel` re{e rcnlnhnl scg`nlle jc{enlsenl re{e imnsjcn nqi jcnlgek`sien |eiq aen kc{kcfenhe aefej qmim.

;.5.5.? Qcm{` aen jmacf jmacf icresen icresen

Qcm{` aen jmacf icresen imnsjcn seleq kc{elej& ie{cne qmr`i `n` jes`g a`icjkenlien scg`nlle kcfj a`oere` seq icscreieqen qcnqenl imnscr eqe jmacf penl ref`nl cdciq`d. Nejn eae kckc{ere jmacf penl ref`nl kenpei a`hjre` aen a`lneien 'aefej Qh`rqmnm& ;22;)& pe`q 8 5. Qcm{ Qcm{`` cimn cimnmj mj`` j`i{ j`i{m m aefej qcm{` cimnmj`& aese{ penl a`lneien mfcg scm{enl imnsjcn aefej jcfeiien efmies` sjkc{ aepe penl fenlie eaefeg imna`s` a`jene rc{kena`nlen enqe{e iclneen je{l`nef ' je{l`nef sq`f`qp ) aen ge{le jes`nl*jes`nl r{mai eien jcnhea` seje. ;. Rc{s Rc{src rciq` iq`dd rs`im rs`imfml fml`` kc{aese{ien rc{srciq`d rs`imfml`& qc{aereq ae jmacf icresen imnsjcn& pe`q jmacf imln`q`d aen jmacf edciq`d. ;e) Jmacf imln`q`d  Reae jmacf `n`& rcn`fe`en imnsjcn a`aese{ien reae rc{kcaeen enqe{e seq ijrfen ae{` imjk`nes` eq{`kq penl a`renaenl `acef nqi `na`t`a aen rc{scrs`npe qcnqenl imjk`nes` aen eq{`kq penl sckcne{npe. Kc{aese{ien jmacf `n`& icresen imnsjcn aereq a`oere` jcfef` ae oe{e pein` jcnlkeg rcne|e{en rc{segeen

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scg`nlle scse` acnlen penl `acef aen jcpei`nien imnsjcn keg|e penl `acef q`aei scse` acnlen icnpeqeen. Jmacf `n` hle jcjnofien q`le qcm{` 'Qsc aefej Qh`rqmnm& ;22;)& pe`q 8 e. Qgc cwrcwqenop md a`omnd`{j`qe jmacf  Icresen imnsjcn a`qcnqien mfcg eaenpe ae te{`ekcf imln`q`d pe`q ge{eren sckcfj jcjkcf` ' r{c*rs{ogec cwrcoqeq`mn) jcnlcne` i`nc{he penl a`enq`s`res` seq

r{mai eqe hese aen rc{kcaeen ge{eren sckcfj jcjkcf` aen rc{scrs` scqcfeg jcjkcf` ' rmq rs{ogec rc{ocrq`mn ) k. Cus`qp qgcm{p  Imnsjcn eien jc{ese res qc{geaer r{mai eqe hese penl a`kcf` h`ie ges`f penl a`rc{mfcgnpe acnlen rcnlcfe{en penl a`lneien a`renaenl sckele` scseq penl ea`f eqe seje o.  Eq{`ksq qgcm{p  Aefej eq{`ksq qgcm{p & qc{aereq q`le deiqm{ rcnpckek penl jcncnqien ickc{ges`fen eqe iclelefen ges`f penl kc{ieqen acnlen res eqe q`aeinpe imnsjcn qc{geaer rcjkcf`en r{mai& pe`q _qek`fqp 'kc{s`deq qcqer eqe eaenpe icencie{elejen penl kc{s`deq scjcnqe{e)& fmos oesef`qp  'kc{gknlen acnlen imnsjcn)& aen omnq{mk`f`qp 'kc{esef ae{` icjeen imnsjcn scna`{` eqe a`sckekien mfcg deiqm{ 

5<

fe{ penl q`aei a`icnaef`ien). ;k) Jmacf edciq`d  Reae jmacf edciq`d jcnpeqeien keg|e rcn`fe`en imnsjcn `na`t`aef qc{geaer seq r{mai eqe hese q`aei scjeqe*jeqe kc{aese{ien rc{g`qnlen {es`mnef& qer` hle kc{aese{ien ickqgen skhciq`d& esr`{es`& aen rcnlefejen. Dmis jmacf `n` fck`g a`q`q`ikc{eqien reae q`nlieq esr`{es`& rc{`fei kcfehe{ ' fce{n`nl  ). Jcn{q kcget`m{ ) & cjms`& er{cs`es`& aen sesene geq` ' jmma ). Jm|cn '5007)& `sq`feg edcis` aefej icresen imnsjcn jcnleo reae q`nlieq icresen penl a`rcnle{g` mfcg rc{eseen rms`q`d aen ncleq`d imnsjcn penl a`gknlien acnlen r{mai eqe hese.  Edcis` aereq aereq a`acd`n`s`ien a`acd`n`s`ien sckele sckele`` dcnmjcne icfes icfes jcnqef jcnqef penl scoe{e n`i a`ie{eiqc{`sq`iien mfcg rcnlefejen penl a`seae{`& pe`q iceaeen rc{eseen skhciq`d penl k`esenpe jnof kc{seje* seje acnlen cjms` aen sesene geq`. e. Cjms`& Cjms`& pe`q pe`q seq rc{ese rc{eseen en ieq penl penl q`jkf q`jkf ei`keq ei`keq eqe sckek ae{` rcn`fe`en qc{geaer {enlsenlen 'E{nmfa aefej Genamim& ;22;). @xe{a 'aefej Jm|cn 5007) jcnl`acnq`d`ies`ien cjms` dnaejcnqef penl a`efej` mfcg m{enl aefej g`arnpe scrc{q` qc{qe{`i& lcjk`{e& gc{en& je{eg& qc{qcien& jei& qc{g`ne& qeiq& jef& kc{sefeg. Rcnlefejen `n` mfcg @xe{a qcfeg a`lneien scoe{e cisqcns`d 

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acnlen re{e rcncf`q` imnsjcn. k. _es _esen ene e geq geq`` 'jmma )& )& pe`q iceaeen rc{eseen scjcnqe{e penl qc{hea` reae s`qes` aen |eiq qc{qcnq 'Le{anc{ aefej Jm|cn& 5007). _caenlien jcn{q Ogerf`n ';223)& jmma  eaefeg seq cjms` penl fcjeg& fcjkq& aen k`esenpe q`aei kc{fenlsnl feje s`deqnpe. ?. Rc{s Rc{src rciq iq`d `d QUJ QUJ ' Qmqef Usef`qp Jenlcjcnq ) QUJ jc{reien seq rcnacieqen aefej jcnhefenien k`sn`s penl jcnomke nqi jcjeis`jefien aepe se`nl m{len`ses` jcfef` rc{ke`ien scoe{e kc{ics`nejknlen eqes r{mai& hese& jens`e& r{mscs& aen f`nlinlennpe. _`sqcj jenhcjcn `n` kc{fenaeseien reae sege jcnlenlieq ief`qes sckele` sq{eqcl` sege aen kc{m{`cnqes` reae icresen imnsjcn acnlen jcf`keqien scf{g enllmqe m{len`ses`.

Ae{` rcnheke{en a` eqes aereq a`icqeg` keg|e jeoej*jeoej& qcm{`& aen jmacf icresen senleq kc{elej& nejn rcnf`s jcnllneien icresen kc{aese{ien rc{srciq`d rs`imfml` igssnpe reae jmacf edciq`d 'aefej Jm|cn& 5007) pein` kc{aese{ien deiqm{ cjms` aen sesene geq` sckele` fenaesen qcm{` rcncf`q`en `n`.

;.5.5.1 Jcqmac rcnli{en icresen

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Imqfc{ 'aefej Qh`rqmnm& ;22;) jcnl`acnq`d`ies` cjreq jcqmac nqi jcnli{ icresen imnsjcn& pe`q 8 5. _`sqc _`sqcj j icfg icfgen en aen aen se{ se{en en _cq`er m{len`ses` penl kc{m{`cnqes` reae imnsjcn ' osqmjc{  m{`cnqca ) rc{f jcjkc{`ien icscjreqen penl fes icreae re{e

imnsjcnnpe nqi jcnpejre`ien se{en rcnaereq& aen icfgen jc{cie. Jca`e penl a`lnien k`se kc{re imqei se{en& ie{q imjcnqe{& eqe sef{en qcfcrmn igss kckes rfse. @ndm{jes`* `ndm{jes` penl a`rc{mfcg jcfef` jcqmac `n` aereq jcjkc{`ien `ac*`ac ke{& aen jesien penl kc{ge{le icreae rc{segeen& scg`nlle jcjnli`niennpe nqi kc{ceis` ocreq qenller aen ocreq nqi jcnleqes` jesefeg penl q`jkf. Eien qcqer` ie{cne jcqmac `n` kc{s`deq res`d& jeie sf`q jcnaereqien lejke{en fcnlier jcnlcne` icresen eqe icq`aeiresen imnsjcn ie{cne q`aei scje imnsjcn penl q`aei res eien jcnpejre`ien icfgennpe. K`se hea` jc{cie fenlsnl kc{ef`g ic qcjreq penl fe`nnpe aen q`aei eien jcjkcf` r{mai ae{` qcjreq penl rc{qeje.

;. Lgmq gmrr`nl  _efeg seq oe{e nqi jcjrc{mfcg lejke{en jcnlcne` icresen imnsjcn eaefeg acnle jcnlc{heien kckc{ere m{enl sckele` lgmq  gmrrc{ nqi kc{rc{en eqe kc{s`ier sckele` imnsjcn eqe

;2

rcjkcf` rmqcns`ef r{mai rc{segeen aen rcse`nl. Icja`en jc{cie jcferm{ien qcjen*qcjennpe jcnlcne` icfcjegen aen icieqen r{mai rc{segeen aen rcse`nl kc{aese{ien rcnlefejen jc{cie aefej rcjkcf`en r{mai*r{mai qc{sckq. _cfe`n `q re{e lgmq  gmrrc{ hle aereq jcnlejeq` oe{e rc{segeen aen rcse`nlnpe

jcfepen` rc{j`nqeen imnsjcn& jcnhe|ek rc{qenpeen imnsjcn aen jcnenlen` scq`er icfgen. ?. Fmq osqmjc{ enfp` Rc{segeen scfepeinpe jcnlgknl` re{e imnsjcn penl qcfeg kc{gcnq` jcjkcf` eqe penl qcfeg r`naeg ic rc{segeen fe`n ele{  aereq jcjegej` jcnlere gef `q qc{hea`& aen srepe aereq jcnlejk`f ick`heien rc{ke`ien eqe rcnpcjr{neen scfenhqnpe. Kien genpe cw`q `nqc{t`c|  sehe penl rc{f& qcqer` rcjenqeen osqmjc{ fm {eqc hle rcnq`nl& a`jene rcn`nlieqen osqmjc{ fm {eqc jcnnhien iclelefen rc{segeen aefej jcjesien

imnsjcnnpe.

1. _{tc _{tcp p icre icrese sen n imns imnsjcn jcn Sjjnpe kenpei rcncf`q`en jcnlce` icresen imnsjcn penl a`feiien acnlen rcncf`q`en s{tcp& ke`i acnlen s{tcp jcfef` t`e rms& qcfcrmn& jern |e|enoe{e r{`kea`. Jcfef` s{tcp rc{segeen

;5

eien jcjrc{mfcg qenlleren aen jren kef`i scoe{e fenlsnl ae{` imnsjcnnpe aen hle jcjkc{`ien qenae rms`q`d keg|e rc{segeen jcne{g rc{geq`en qc{geaer imnsjcnnpe.

Fck`g fenhq Imqfc{ 'aefej Qh`rqmnm& ;22;) jcnpeqeien keg|e rcnli{en icresen jcfef` cjreq jcqmac qc{sckq aereq a`feiien acnlen 8 5. A`{coqfp {crm{qca eq`deoq`mn & pe`q rcnli{en a`feiien scoe{e fenlsnl jcfef` rc{qenpeen*rc{qenpeen. ;. Ac{`tca a`eq`deoq`mn& pe`q rc{qenpeen penl jcnpenliq ae gef pe`q kcse{npe ge{eren imnsjcn qc{geaer eq{`kq qc{qcnq aen kcse{npe i`nc{he penl jc{cie {eseien. ?. R{mkfcj enefp` & pe`q imnsjcn penl a`hea`ien {csrmnacn a`j`nqe nqi jcnlnlierien ae gef pe`q jesefeg jesefeg penl jc{cie geaer` kc{ie`qen acnlen rcne|e{en ae{` rc{segeen eqe m{len`ses` aen se{en*se{en nqi jcfeiien rc{ke`ien. 1. @jrm{qenoc*rc{dm{jenoc enefp`& pe`q {csrmnacn a`j`nqe nqi jc{eni`nl kc{kele` cfcjcn ae{` rcne|e{en kc{aese{ien ac{eheq rcnq`nlnpe scq`er cfcjcn qc{sckq. _cfe`n `q& {csrmnacn hle a`j`nqe jc{eni`nl sckc{ere ke`i i`nc{he rc{segeen aefej jes`nl*jes`nl cfcjcn eqe eq{`kq qc{sckq.

;.5.5.1 R{mscs rcjkcnqien icresen

;;

_cseq gef penl resq` jcnlcne` r{mscs q`aei qc{hea` kcl`q sehe. _crc{q` gefnpe imnsjcn penl jc{eseien icresen rcfepenen hese. Icresen imnsjcn senleq kc{lenqnl reae ge{eren imnsjcn. Mfcg ie{cne `q& sq{eqcl` icresen imnsjcn ge{sfeg a`aegf` acnlen rcnlcqegen penl acqe`f aen ei{eq qc{geaer ge{eren imnsjcn. Eae ae q`nlieqen ge{eren imnsjcn 'Fcmne{a aefej [enliq`& ;22?)& pe`q 8 5.  Eacuseqc Cwrcoqeq`mn Jc{reien q`nlieq i`nc{he rcfepenen j`n`jef penl jes`g aereq a`qc{`je kc{aese{ien rc{i`{een hese penl jnli`n eien a`qc{`je aen qc{lenqnl reae efqc{neq`d penl qc{sca`e.  Eacuseqc cwrcoqeq`mn a`rcnle{g` mfcg deiqm{*deiqm{ kc{`iq `n` 8 e) Icea Iceaee een n ae{ ae{{e {eqq k) Icqc{ Icqc{sc sca`e a`en n efqc{ne efqc{neq`d  q`d  o) Ac{eheq Ac{eheq icqc{f` icqc{f`keqe keqen n imnsjc imnsjcn n a) Deiqm{*d Deiqm{*deiqm eiqm{{ penl qc{len qc{lenqnl qnl s`qe s`qes`& s`& aen c) Rcfepen Rcfepenen en penl penl a`rci`{e a`rci`{eien ien ;. Ac`{ca Cwrcoqeq`mn Jc{reien q`nlieq i`nc{he rcfepenen penl a`ge{erien imnsjcn nqi a`qc{`jenpe penl jc{reien leknlen ae{` icrc{oepeen imnsjcn jcnlcne` ere penl aereq aen ge{s a`qc{`jenpe. Ac`{ca  cwrcoqeq`mn a`rcnle{g` mfcg deiqm{*deiqm{ kc{`iq `n` 8

e) Ic`nl`n Ic`nl`nen en nqi nqi a`fepen` a`fepen` acnlen acnlen ke`i ke`i aen kcne{  kcne{ 

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k) Ickq Ickqge gen n rc{m rc{m{e {enle nlen n o) Henh` Henh` scoe{e scoe{e fenls fenlsnl nl eqe eqe q`aei q`aei fenls fenlsnl nl a) Imjn`ie Imjn`ies` s` ae{` ae{` jfq jfq ic jfq& jfq& aen c) Rcnle Rcnlefe fejen jen jes jese e fef. fef.

_ckcfj rcjkcnqien icresen imnsjcn& rc{f a`icqeg` eae f`je icscnhenlen penl jcnlei`keqien iclelefen rcnpejre`en hese 'aefej Qh`rqmnm& ;22;)& pe`q 8 5. Eaenpe icscnhenlen icscnhenlen enqe{e enqe{e ge{eren ge{eren imnsjcn imnsjcn acnlen acnlen rc{scrs` rc{scrs` jenehcjcn& ie{cne jenehcjcn q`aei scfef jcjegej` kcne{ ere penl jcnhea` ic`nl`nen imnsjcn. ;. Eaenpe icscnhenlen icscnhenlen enqe{e enqe{e rc{scrs` rc{scrs` jenehcjcn jenehcjcn acnlen acnlen srcs`d`ie srcs`d`ies` s` ief`qes hese& ie{cne jenehcjcn jnli`n kcne{ aefej jcjegej` ic`nl`nen imnsjcn qcqer` q`aei jcncqerien sqenae{ rcfeiseneen penl srcs`d`i. ?. Eaenpe icscnhenlen icscnhenlen enqe{e enqe{e srcs`d`ies` srcs`d`ies` ief`qes ief`qes hese hese acnlen acnlen rcnpejre`en hese& ie{cne re{e rc{smncf jnli`n q`aei qc{feq`g ke`i aen q`aei jejr jcjcng` sqenae{. 1. Eaenpe icscnhenlen icscnhenlen enqe{e enqe{e rcnpejre`en rcnpejre`en hese hese acnlen acnlen imjn`ies imjn`ies`` cisqc{nef& ie{cne ge{eren imnsjcn a`rcnle{g` mfcg rc{npeqeen penl a`keq mfcg `ifen. 3. Eaenpe icscnhenlen icscnhenlen enqe{e enqe{e hese hese penl a`efej` acnlen acnlen hese hese penl penl

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a`ge{erien& gef `n` qc{hea` erek`fe imnsjcn jcnli{ i`nc{he rc{segeen acnlen oe{e penl kc{kcae aen jcj`f`i` rc{scrs` penl icf`{ jcnlcne` ief`qes hese.

Snqi jcnpeqeien seq rcfepenen qc{sckq jcjesien aereq a`f`geq jcfef` qeger*qeger kc{`iq 'Qh`rqmnm& ;22;) 8 5. Ge{ere Ge{eren n penl a`rc{m a`rc{mfcg fcg sckcf sckcfj j rcnllne rcnllneen en ' rs{ogec cwrcoqeq`mn ) Imnsjcn qcfeg jcnlcqeg` kcnqi*kcnqi rcfepenen penl ke`i jcfef` rcnlefejen sc{qe rcnlcqegen sckcfjnpe. Imnsjcn kc{ge{er eien jcnaereqien rcfepenen penl ke`i erek`fe eien jcnllneien sefeg seq des`f`qes rcfepenen qc{sckq. Genpe sehe imnsjcn reae qeger `n` kcfj jcnllneien des`f`qes qc{sckq. ;. R{mscs R{mscs jc{ese jc{eseien ien qc{g qc{geae eaer r ief`qe ief`qes s ' rc{oc`tca r{moc usef`qp ) Qeger scfenhqnpe imnsjcn jcnllneien des`f`qes& icja`en imnsjcn jcn`fe`& jcn`jkenl& aen jcjkena`nlien kc{aese{ien rcnlcqegennpe aen rcnlefejennpe. ?. Rcnc{`je Rcnc{`jeen en qc{geae qc{geaer r ges`f penl penl kc{ie kc{ief`qe f`qes s ' {coc`tca msqrsq usef`qp ) Qeger `n` imnsjcn jcnaereqien ges`f rcfepenen des`f`qes penl kc{ief`qes. Nejn erek`fe kc{ief`qes scoe{e |ehe{& q`aei kc{ief`qes jcn{q imnsjcn kc{aese{ien rcnlcqegen sc{qe rcnlefejennpe scrc{q` rcfepenen scoe{e f`sen& qf`sen sc{qe rc{keqen jeie q`aei qc{jesi rcfepenen penl ke`i ie{cne q`aei scse` acnlen ge{eren.

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1. _cfenhqnpe _cfenhqnpe reae reae qeger qeger qc{eig`{& qc{eig`{& kc{aese{ien kc{aese{ien qeger qeger sckcfjnpe sckcfjnpe imnsjcn jcnp`jrfien keg|e fepenen qc{sckq q`aei kc{ief`qes jcn{q imnsjcn ie{cne q`aei jcjcng` ge{eren |efern genpe sca`i`q 'cwrcoqeq`mn nmq jcq )& )& scrc{q` genpe seq kcnqi fepenen sehe penl qc{rcng`& scg`nlle fepenen qc{sckq q`aei a`qc{`je eqe q`aei renqes a`enller sckele` fepenen penl kc{ief`qes ' sneoocrqekfc). Icja`en erek`fe imnsjcn jc{ese res ie{cne jcnaereqien rcfepenen scse` acnlen ge{erennpe ' cwrcoqeq`mn jcq ) scrc{q` qc{rcng`npe icae kcnqi rcfepenen acnlen ke`i jeie imnsjcn eien jc{ese res ' eq`deoq`mn). Icja`en erek`fe imnsjcn jc{ese qc{senhnl h`ie jcnaereqien rcfepenen penl senleq ke`i scg`nlle jcfck`g` ae{` ge{erennpe ' cwrcoqeq`mn cwoccaca )& )& pein` qc{rcng`npe icq`le kcnqi rcfepenen penl a`feiien acnlen ke`i scief` jeie imnsjcn eien jc{ese qc{senhnl ' acef usef`qp )

;.5.5.3 Deiqm{ rcnam{mnl icresen

@{e|en ';22?) jcnpckqien keg|e deiqm{*deiqm{ penl jcnam{mnl n`fe` icresen imnsjcn eaefeg 8 5. Ief Ief`q `qes es r{ma r{mai i Imnsjcn res erek`fe scqcfeg jcjkcf` aen jcnllneien r{mai qc{sckq qc{npeqe ief`qes r{mainpe ke`i. Rc{scrs` imnsjcn qc{geaer r{mai ke`i kc{re ke{enl jern hese a`qcnqien mfcg

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ief`qes r{mai qc{sckq. Ief`qes a`qcnqien mfcg imnsjcn scg`nlle rc{segeen ge{s qc{s jcnc{s jcnli{ rc{scrs` imnsjcn jcnlcne` ief`qes 'Jm|cn& 5007). Le{t`n& Rcrre{a& aen [m|fena 'aefej Qh`rqmnm& ;22;) jcnpeqeien deiqm{ penl sc{`nl a`lneien aefej jcnlctefes` icresen qc{geaer seq r{mai 'ke{enl eqe  hese) a`enqe{enpe a`enqe{enpe88 e) I`nc `nc{he {he ' rc{dm{jenoc  rc{dm{jenoc)8 ie{eiqc{`sq`i mrc{es` rmimi ae{` r{mai `nq` 'om{c r{masoq ) penl a`kcf`. k) O`{`*o`{ O`{`*o`{`` eqe ic`sq ic`sq`jc|e `jc|een en qejkege qejkegen n ' dceqs{c)8 pe`q ie{eiqc{`sq`i scinac{ eqe rcfcnlier. o) Icenaefen fen '{cf`ek`f`qp )8 )8 pe`q icjnli`nen ico`f eien jcnlefej` ic{seien eqe lelef reie`. a) Icscse Icscse`en `en acnl acnlen en srcs srcs`d`i `d`ies` es` ' omndm{jenoc qm rco`d`oeq`mn )8 pe`q scheg jene ie{eiqc{`sq`i acse`n mrc{es` jcjcng` sqenae{*sqenae{ penl qcfeg a`qcqerien sckcfjnpe. c) Aepe epe qeg qegen en ' as{ek`f`qp )& )& kc{ie`qen acnlen kc{ere feje r{mai qc{sckq aereq qc{s a`lneien. d) _c{t`ocek`f`qp & jcf`rq` icocreqen& imjrqcns`& icnpejenen& jaeg a`{cre{es`& sc{qe rcnenlenen icfgen penl jcjesien. l) Csqcq qcq`ie `ie 'ecqgcq`o)& pe`q aepe qe{`i r{mai qc{geaer renoe `nac{e.

;<

g) Ief`qe Ief`qes s penl penl a`rc{sc a`rc{scrs`i rs`ien en ' rc{oc`tca usef`qp )8 )8 pe`q o`q{e {ese aen {crqes` r{mai sc{qe qenllnl he|ek rc{segeen qc{geaernpe. ;. Ge{le Snqi imnsjcn penl scns`q`d k`esenpe ge{le j{eg eaefeg sjkc{  icresen penl rcnq`nl nejn ge{le `n` k`se jcnhea` q`aei rcnq`nl kel` jc{cie penl q`aei scns`q`d ge{le. Snqi `nasq{` {`qcf& imjrmncn `n` snllg rcnq`nl aen imnq{`ks`npe qc{geaer icresen oir kcse{. ?. Ief`q Ief`qes es rcfe rcfepe pene nen n Icresen imnsjcn penl a`sckekien rc{scrs` ief`qes rcfepenen penl a`qc{`je aereq a`ejeq` acnlen f`je a`jcns` rmimi '@{e|en& ;22?)& pe`q 8 e) A`jc A`jcns ns`` |h |ha a ' Qenl`kfc)& jc{reien rc{kena`nlen enqe{e ge{eren acnlen rc{scrs` imnsjcn qc{geaer rcnejr`fen d`s`i ' rc{dm{jenoc  rc{dm{jenoc)& rc{fcnlieren& aen rc{efeqen. k) A`jcn A`jcns` s` icr icrc{ c{oep oepee een n ' [cf`ek`f`qp )& )& jc{reien rc{kena`nlen enqe{e ge{eren acnlen rc{scrs` imnsjcn qc{geaer icjejren jcjkc{`ien rcfepenen penl a`henh`ien acnlen sclc{e aen ei{eq. o) A`jcn A`jcns` s` aepe aepe qenll qenller er ' [crmn`tcnc)& jc{reien rc{kena`nlen enqe{e ge{eren acnlen rc{scrs` imnsjcn

;7

qc{geaer rcfepen aen rcnpcfcse`en acnlen qenller& ocreq& aen qcreq. a) A`jcn A`jcns` s` icre icresq sq`en `en ' Es{enoc)& jc{reien rc{kena`nlen enqe{e ge{eren acnlen rc{scrs` imnsjcn qc{geaer icsmrenen& icegf`en aen rcnlcqegen aefej jcjkc{`ien rcfepenen c) A`jc A`jcns ns`` cjr cjreq eq`` 'Cjrgeqp )& )& jc{reien rc{kena`nlen enqe{e ge{eren acnlen rc{scrs` imnsjcn qc{geaer icjaegen aefej jcfeiien gknlen aen imjn`ies` penl ke`i qc{geaer imnsjcn. 1. Deiq Deiqm m{ cjm cjms` s` Deiqm{ cjms` k`esenpe a`sckekien mfcg eaenpe n`fe` cjms` penl akc{`ien mfcg f`nlinlen eqe k{ena seq r{mai aen hese scrc{q` {ese kenlle aen {ese rc{oepe a`{`. Rc{eseen npejen ae{` f`nlinlen qmim 'qm{c eqjmrgc{c) eaefeg sefeg seq omnqmg n`fe` cjms` penl jcnaese{` icresen imnsjcn. 3. K`ep K`epe e aen aen icj icjae aege gen n Gef*gef penl kc{gknlen acnle k`epe aen icjaegen nqi jcnaereqien r{mai eqe hese imnsjcn scjei`n res erek`fe {cfeq`d  jaeg aen cd`s`cn aefej jcnaereqien r{mai eqe rcfepenen.

Jcnlcqeg` deiqm{*deiqm{ rcnam{mnl icresen imnsjcn nqi

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jcnaereqien r{mai eqe hese q`aeifeg oir kel` rc{segeen nqi jc{enoenl sq{eqcl` aen r{ml{ej rcn`nlieqen icresen imnsjcn. Imn{q{`ks` deiqm{*deiqm{ `n` hle aereq kc{keg ae{` |eiq ic |eiq seq `nasq{`. _cq`er deiqm{ a` eqes jcjrnpe` kmkmq n`fe` penl kc{kcae*kcae. _cje kc{lenqnl reae hcn`s `nasq{` ere penl scaenl a`hefen`. Kcse{npe scq`er deiqm{ {cfeq`d jaeg a`icqeg` jcfef` s{tcp rese{. Aefej s{tcp& imnsjcn aereq a`qenpeien scoe{e fenlsnl jcnlcne` q`nlieq icresen scqcfeg jcnllneien r{mai eqe hese '@{e|en& ;22?).

;.5.;

F`tc Js`o Rc{dm{jenoc

;.5.;.5 Rcnlc{q`en js`i

Js`i sc{`nl a`ieqeien sckele` kegese penl n`tc{sef& q`aei rcaf` ereieg sckeg js`i jcnllneien kegese penl q`aei a`jcnlc{q` mfcg scscm{enl qcqer` scfeje js`i qc{sckq jcn{qnpe cnei nqi a`acnle{& jeie scscm{enl eien jcnleke`ien icnpeqeen keg|e `e q`aei jcnlc{q` jeisa jern jeine ae{` js`i qc{sckq 'Ahmgen& ;223).

Kenpei scief` rcnhcfesen*rcnhcfesen qcnqenl js`i. A`enqe{enpe eaefeg Gmddc{ '5073) aefej kinpe penl kc{haf Qgc Snac{qena`nl md Js`o  jcnpeqeien keg|e ‖Qgc |m{fa js`o {cdc{ qm e |`ac te{`cqp md r`coc qgeq  getc kccn o{ceqca dm{ jenp a`ddc{cnq {cemn‚ . Aefej gef `n`& js`i

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jcjrnpe` jeine penl kc{kcae ie{cne dnls`npe& scrc{q` reoe{e icelejeen penl a`keq fck`g cdciq`d acnlen rcnllneen js`i.

Js`i eaefeg rc{`fei sms`ef penl imjrfcis aen n`tc{sef. _cq`er jespe{eieq jcj`f`i` ere penl a`sckq acnlen js`i 'Kfeoi`nl aefej Ahmgen& ;223). Ie{f _qjrd 'aefej Ncd& 50?3) penl jcnf`s aefej kinpe A`c End{enlc ac{ Js`o  'Qgc Kcl`nn`nl md Js`o ) jcnleqeien keg|e js`i

 hle a`enller a`enller sckele` sckele` qenae qenae `spe{eq `spe{eq aefej kc{imjn`ies` kc{imjn`ies` mfcg mfcg re{e rcic{he rcic{he s`r`f& ie{cne reae qegn 5042 fel ‖|c geff mtc{omjc‚ a`npenp`ien mfcg re{e rcic{he s`r`f& a` s`n` js`i hle a`lneien nqi jcnpeqien kenlse eqe icfmjrmi& ie{cne `na`t`a jcnl`acnq`d`ies`ien a`{`npe acnlen icfmjrmi sms`ef qc{qcnq.

Aefej iejs kcse{ kegese @namncs`e '500