Kelompok v Pengerukan
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PENGERUKAN DAN REKLAMASI KELOMPOK V
TRY TRY WIRA WIRA WIGRAHA WIGRAHA SAU SOMALINGGI IRWANSYAH YAFET YAFET ROMBE MUH. IQBAL JS TSUMIRA TSUMIRATIN RIZKIANI
5. The barge unloading/reclamation Dredger 5.The ba!e "#$%a&'#!(e)$a*a+'%# De&!e..................................................................... 5.,. Ge#ea$ )%#-'&ea+'%#-............................................................................................ ... 5.,.,. haa)+e'-+')-........................................................................................... ............... 5.,./. The aea- %0 a11$')a+'%#........................................................................................... 5.,.2. The h'-+%3...................................................................................................... .......... 5.,.4. W% *e+h%&...................................................................................................... ...... 5./. The &e-'!#.................................................................................................... ............... 5./.,. The 1%&")+'%# )a1a)'+3........................................................................................... 5././. The +a#-1%+ &'-+a#)e............................................................................................... 5./.2. The &e&!e '#-+a$$a+'%#............................................................................................... 5.2. Ma'# $a3%"+........................................................................................................... ........ 5.4. Te)h#') e)h#')a$ a$ )%#-+")+'%#............................................................................................. ... 5.4.,. The h"$$........................................................................................................... .........
5.4./. The 1'1e$'#e-..................................................................................................... ......... 5.4.2. The -h%e )%##e)+'%#................................................................................................. . 5.5. The &e&!'#! 1%)e--..................................................................................................... Ga*ba 56, Ba!e "#$a&'#! e" 7HOLLAND7
A -1e)'a$'8e& &e&!'#! +%%$ +ha+ )a# be )a+e!%'8e& '# +he -e)+'%# %0 -+a+'%#a3 1$a#e -")+'%# &e&!e- '- +he ba!e "#$%a&'#!(e)$a*a+'%# "#$%a&'#!(e)$a*a+'%# -")+'%# &e&!e. Seb"ah a$a+ 1e#!e"a# h"-"- 3a#! &a1a+ &'a+e!%'a# &a$a* ba!'a# -+a-'%#e a1a$ e" 1e-a9a+ h'-a1 a&a$ah +%#!a#! b%#!a ( e$a*a-' h'-a1 a1a$ e".
5.,. Ge#ea$ )%#-'&ea+'%#Ba!e- +ha+ ae "-e& 0% +he +a#-1%+ %0 &e&!e& *a+e'a$ )a# be &':'&e& '# -e$06"#$%a&'#! a#& #%#6-e$06"#$%a&'#!. The -e$06"#$%a&'#! ba!e-; )a$$e& h%11e h%11e &"*1 &"*1 ba!eba!e- % b%++%* b%++%* "#$%a& "#$%a&e e-; -; ae ae "-"a$$ "-"a$$3 3 e The ba!e- ae *%%e& a$%#! +he +%%$ 0% "#$%a&'#!. The +%%$ '- e. Thee0%e *%&e# BUD- ha:e e'+he a e+ '#-+a$$a+'%# a%"#& +he -")+'%# *%"+h % a&&'+'%#a$ e+ 1'1e +% %:e)%*e +h'- 1%b$e* The )%#)e#+a+'%# '# +he &'-)ha!e $'#e '- )%#+%$$e& b3 ha"$'#! +he ba!e =.D>. 5.,.4. Me+%&e ea Da$a* *e+%&e ea -e)aa -e*a+'- &'e$a-a# Ga*ba 56, Pa&a a9a$ 1%-e- b%#!a; 1'1a h'-a1 &'+""#a# e +'#!a+ 1a-' &' +%#!a#!; -e*e#+aa 1%*1a e+ +eh"b"#! e 1'1a h'-a1. Ke)e1a+a# 1%*1a *e#!e" &' 1a1a# &a' a1a$ e" be"a#! -e&e*''a# "1a -eh'#!!a a' e+ *e#!a$' *e$a$"' +ab"#! h'-a1 &' 1a-' &' +%#!a#!; &' *a#a 3a#! *e#!''- $"ba#! &' ba9ah *"$"+ h'-a1. Ma-+e *e#!e" *e#""#a# *"$"+ h'-a1 ba9ah 1e*"aa# a' &' $"ba#! '#'. Ke+'a a&a "&aa &'$e1a-a# *e$a$"' *"$"+ h'-a1; a+"1 "1"6"1" a#+aa 1%*1a e+ &a# 1'1a h'-a1 1e$aha#6$aha# &'+"+"1; *e#3ebaba# a"- e$"a a' e+ *e$a$"' #%88$e e+.= .SEBUAH.>. Se*e#+aa e)e1a+a# 1%*1a *e#!e" *e#'#!a+ Ga*ba 565 Ke+'a 1%-e- 1e#!e"a# bea$a# &e#!a# ba'; #%-e$ e+ *e#!''1e$a#!!aa# -e*e#+aa 1a-' &'ha1"- *e$a$"' *"$"+ h'-a1. Se$a*a 1%-e'#' $"ba#! &' ba9ah *"$"+ h'-a1 *e#a&' $eb'h be-a &a# *"$"+ h'-a1 a&a$ah *e#""#a# -a*1a' &'a *e#)a1a' ba!'a# ba9ah +%#!a#!. =.B>. Pa-' *e#!a$' &' be$aa#! *"$"+ h'-a1 ha"- a' &ea- e*ba$' e h'-a1 *"$"+ -e)aa +ea+" =.>. O$eh ae#a '+" BUD 3a#! *%&e# 7- *e*'$'' -eb"ah '#-+a$a-' e+ -e'+a *"$"+ h'-a1 a+a" 1'1a e+ +a*baha# "#+" *e#!a+a-' *a-a$ah '#' K%#-e#+a-' &' !a'- &eb'+ &'e#&a$'a# %$eh *e#!a#!"+ +%#!a#! =.D>. Me+%&e Ga*ba 565 Kea +%#!a#! b%#!a D"'#! +he e?)ha#!e %0 +he ba!e- +he 1e--"e -'&e %0 +he e+ 1"*1 ')%##e)+e& 9'+h +he -")+'%# -'&e %0 +he -a#& 1"*1. Th'- ee1- +he -a#& 1"*1 *%:'#! '# +he &'-)ha!e $'#e. The *%e +he -a#&69a+e *'?+"e 'e?)ha#!e& 0% )$ea# 9a+e '# +he &'-)ha!e 1'1e$'#e; +he :e$%)'+3 '#)ea-ea#& '0 #e)e--a3 +he #"*be %0 e:%$"+'%#- %0 +he -a#& 1"*1 )a# be e&")e&. A1a+ 0%* +he )%#+'#"a+'%# %0 +he &e&!'#! 1%)e--; +h')%#-+")+'%# '- #e)e--a3 +% 1e:e#+ +he -")+'%# '# %0 a' +h%"!h +he -")+'%# *%"+h %0 +he -")+'%# 1'1e; 9'+h a$$ )%#-e.
Whe# +he #e?+ ba!e '- *%%e& a$%#! +he ba!e "#$%a&'#! -")+'%# &e&!e; +he #"*be %0 e:%$"+'%#- %0 +he -a#& 1"*1 '- &e)ea-e& -")h +ha+ '+ "-+ )a# ha#&$e +he C%9 a+e %0 +he e+ 1"*1. The -"1$"- 9a+e '"# a9a3 +h%"!h +he e+ 1'1'#! a#& +he -")+'%# 1'1e a#& a #e9 &e&!e )3)$e )a# -+a+. Se$a*a 1e+"aa# +%#!a#! -'-' +ea#a# &a' 1%*1a e+ +eh"b"#! &e#!a# -'-' h'-a1 1%*1a 1a-'. Ha$ '#' *e*b"a+ 1%*1a 1a-' be!ea &' !a'- &eb'+. Se*a'# )a*1"a# 1a-'6a' &'1e+"aa# "#+" a' be-'h &' 1'1a 1e*b"a#!a#; *e#'#!a+ e)e1a+a# &a# 'a 1e$" "*$ah 1"+aa# &a' 1%*1a 1a-' &a1a+ &'"a#!'. Te$e1a- &a' e$a#"+a# 1%-e1e#!e"a#; %#-+"-' '#' &'1e$"a# "#+" *e#)e!ah h'-a1 &' "&aa *e$a$"' *"$"+ h'-a1 1'1a h'-a1; &e#!a# -e!a$a %#-e"e#-' =*e*''a# 1'1a +ee#&a*>. Ke+'a +%#!a#! be'"+#3a &'+a*ba+a# &' -e1a#a#! +%#!a#! b%#!a h'-a1 a1a$ e"; "*$ah 1"+aa# &a' 1%*1a 1a-' *e#""# -e&e*''a# "1a -eh'#!!a ha#3a &a1a+ *e#a#!a#' $a" a$' 1%*1a e+.A' -"1$"- $a' *e$a$"' 1'1a e+ &a# 1'1a h'-a1 &a# -'$"*e#!e" ba" b'-a *"$a'. Ga*ba 56 B%#!a +%#!a#! 5./. The &e-'!# The ba!e "#$%a&'#! -")+'%# &e&!e ha- +% 0"$$$ '# 1'#)'1a$ +9% 0"#)+'%#- ,. +he *a+e'a$ '# +he ba!e- *"-+ be &'$"+e& -")h +ha+ a *'?+"e &e:e$%1+ha+ )a# be -")e& "1 '# h'!h )%#)e#+a+'%#-. /. +he &e&!e 1"*1- '# +he &e&!e ha:e +% +ae )ae +ha+ +he -")e& "1 *a+e'a$ )a# be 1"*1e& +% +he e)$a*a+'%# aea 9'+h e#%"!h :e$%)'+3 a#& 1%&")+'%#. 5./. De-a'# T%#!a#! b%#!a h'-a1 a1a$ e" ha"- *e*e#"h' 1%% &"a 0"#!-' ,. baha# &a$a* +%#!a#! ha"- &'e#)ea# -eh'#!!a )a*1"a# bee*ba#! 3a#! &a1a+ +e-e&%+ &a$a* %#-e#+a-' +'#!!'. /. 1%*1a *e#!e" &' a1a$ e" 3a#! ha"- beha+'6ha+' bah9a baha# +e-e&%+ &a1a+ &'1%*1a e &aeah e$a*a-' &e#!a# )""1 e)e1a+a# &a# 1%&"-'. 5./.,. The 1%&")+'%# )a1a)'+3 L'e 9'+h +he %+he +%%$- +he e;/,)'+')a$$h-:F!S '# 9h')h +he :a$"e %0 F$;h '- &e+e*'#e& b3 +he +% be 1"*1e& *a+e'a$ =-ee 9b24,4; De&!'#! 1%)e--e->. D The *a?'*"* )%#)e#+a+'%# +ha+ )a# be -")e& &e1e#&- %# *a#3 0a)+%-; $'e +he bea)h beha:'% %0 +he -%'$. +he &e-'!# %0 +he -")+'%# *%"+h '# )%*1a'-%# 9'+h +he 9'&+h %0 +he ba!e. +he *a?'*"* *'?+"e 0%*'#! +ha+ )a# be ea)he& 9'+h +he 9a+e #%88$e- a#& +he e+- a+ +he -")+'%# *%"+h a#& +he C%9 a+e %0 +he e+ 1"*1. +he he'!h+ %0 +he -")+'%# 1'1e$'#e. Be)a"-e +he *a?'*"* "#&e 1e--"e '- )ea+e& hee; '+ &e+e*'#e- 0% a $a!e 1a+ +he *a?'*"* )%#)e#+a+'%#. A- a :a$"e a )%#)e#+a+'%# %0 ,4@@ !(*2 '- *a'#+a'#e&.
Th'- $a-+ 0a)+% )a# be )he)e& 9'+h +he :a)""* 0%*"$a =-ee a$-% > Figure 5-7 K%#-e#+a-' *a-'*"* 3a#! &a1a+ +e-e&%+ +e!a#+"#! 1a&a ba#3a 0a+%; -e1e+' 1e'$a" 1e$a#!!aa# +a#ah. &e-a'# *"$"+ h'-a1 &'ba#&'#!a# &e#!a# $eba +%#!a#!. )a*1"a# *a-'*"* *e*be#+" 3a#! &a1a+ &')a1a' &e#!a# #%8e$ a' &a# e+ &' *"$"+ h'-a1 &a# $a" a$' 1%*1a e+. e+'#!!'a# 1'1a h'-a1. Kae#a *a-'*"* &' ba9ah +ea#a# &'b"a+ &' -'#'; '+" *e#e#+"a# "#+" -eba!'a# be-a %#-e#+a-' *a-'*"*.Seba!a' #'$a' %#-e#+a-' ,.4@@ ! ( *2 &'1e+aha#a#. Fa+% +eah' '#' &a1a+ &'1e'-a &e#!a# "*"- :a"* =$'ha+ "!a> Ga*ba 56 Th'- !a1h -h%9- => +ha+ +he "11e -'&e %0 +he -")+'%# 1'1e *a3 $a3 ha&$3 *%e +ha# 2 * ab%:e +he 9a+e $e:e$ '# +he ba!e +% *ee+ +he ea$'e *e#+'%#e& e.
5.1.1.2 The suction mouth and pipe N%9a&a3- +he -")+'%# *%"+h %0 a BUD '- 1%:'&e& 9'+h e+- +% '*1%:e +he *'?+"e 0%*'#! a#& +% h'#&ee& +he -e++$'#! %0 *a+e'a$ beh'#& +he -")+'%# *%"+h => The 9'&+h %0 +he -")+'%# *%"+h 'ba-e& %# +he -*a$$e-+ h%11e 9'&+h %0 +he ba!e. Ae ba!e"-e& 9'+h &'ee#+ -'8e- '+ 'a&:'-ab$e +% &e-'!# a Ce?'b$e -")+'%# 1'1e =>. S%*e+'*e- +he -")+'%# *%"+h '1%:'&e& 9'+h ba- +% a:%'& &eb'a#& b%"$&e- e#+e'#! +he -")+'%# *%"+h. 5.,.,./ The h'-a1 *"$"+ &a# 1'1a Saa+ *"$"+ h'-a1 &a' BUD &'-e&'aa# &e#!a# e+ "#+" *e#'#!a+a# )a*1"a# *e*be#+" &a# *e#!ha*ba+ 1e#!e#&a1a# *a+e'a$ be$aa#! *"$"+ h'-a1 => Ga*ba 56F'!"e 56 Leba *"$"+ h'-a1 &'&a-aa# 1a&a $eba h%11e +ee)'$ &a' a1a$ +%#!a#!. A1aah +%#!a#! &'!"#aa# &e#!a# ""a# 3a#! bebe&a &'-aa#a# "#+" *ea#)a#! 1'1a h'-a1 3a#! Ce-'be$ =>. Ka&a#!6a&a#! *"$"+ h'-a1 '#' &'$e#!a1' &e#!a# ba "#+" *e#!h'#&a' 1"'#!61"'#! &a# ba+"6ba+" *e*a-"' *"$"+ h'-a1. 5.,.,.2 The e+ 1"*1A$$ +he 9a+e #e)e--a3 +% +a#-1%+ +he -a#& %:e +he e $a" a$'a# 1%*1a e+ 1e$" @;46@;5 a$' $a" a$'a# 1%*1a 1a-'. De#!a# 1e#""#a# %#-e#+a-'; -e1e+' e+'a *"$"+ h'-a1 *e#)a1a' ah' +%#!a#!; $a" a$'a# 1%*1a e+ ha"- *e#'#!a+a# "#+" *e#a!a e)e1a+a# 3a#! &''#!'#a# &a$a* 1'1a +ea#a#. J'a ha$ '#' +'&a *"#!'# +'#!a+ a' &' +%#!a#! aa# +""#. J'a a&a )""1 a' #a*"# &a$a* +%#!a#! "#+" *e*1e+aha#a# e)e1a+a# +'&a a&a *a-a$ah. J'a ha$ '#' +'&a a' a-"- +e$ah &'be'a# &a$a* )aa $a'# "#+" *e*1e+aha#a# e)e1a+a# &' !a'- &eb'+. F.'. '#$e+ a' +a*baha# +eh"b"#! e -'-' h'-a1 1%*1a &eb'+ Th'- '- 1%--'b$e b3 '#-+a$$'#! a 1'1e 0%* +he -")+'%# -'&e %0 +he 1"*1 +% +he b%++%* %0 +he 1%#+%%# % +he -")+'%# -+a'#e % 9ee& b%? =>. I# -")h a &e-'!# e#%"!h 9a+e )a# be -")e& "1 a+ a$$ +'*e- +% *a'#+a'# +he &e&!e 1"*1 1%)e-- ; a$-% 9he# +he "#$%a&'#! %0 +he ba!e '- -+%11e& )%*1$e+e$3 Ha$ '#' &'*"#!'#a# &e#!a# *e*a-a#! 1'1a &a' -'-' h'-a1 1%*1a e ba!'a# ba9ah 1%#+%# a+a" -a'#!a# h'-a1 a+a" %+a !"$*a =>. Da$a* &e-a'# -e1e+' a' 3a#! )""1 &a1a+ &'-e&%+ -e+'a1 -aa+ "#+" *e#a!a 1%-e- 1%*1a *e#!e"; "!a -aa+ b%#!a *"a+ +%#!a#! &'he#+'a# -e1e#"h#3a. 5.1.1.4 The jet pump drive The &':e %0 +he e+ 1"*1 *a3 be e$e)+')a$ % &'e-e$ &':e#. The &e&!e *a-+e )%#+%$- +he 1%)e-- :'-"a$$3 b3 ee1 +he 9a+e $e:e$ '# +he ba!e a+ a )%#-+a#+ he'!h+. I#)ea-'#! % &e)ea-'#! %0 +he 9a+e $e:e$ &e+e*'#e- +ha+ +hee '- #% e a#& e#!'#e %%* ae $%)a+e&. F"+he*%e 0"e$ a#& 9a+e +a#- a#& -+%a!e %%*- ae -'+"a+e& '# +he 1%#+%%#. The )%#+%$ %0 +he &e&!e '- &%#e 0%* a )ab'# a+ +he -'&e %0 +he &e) 0%* 9h')h +he -")+'%# %1ea+% ha- a !%%& :'e9 %# +he a$%#!-'&e *%%e& ba!e. Pe-e#+ a))%**%&a+'%#- ae a$-% -'+"a+e& ab%:e &e)- = a#& F'!"e 56,>. I#-+ea& %0 -1"&- +he ba!e "#$%a&'#! &e&!e *'!h+ be *%%e& %# 9'e-. S")+'%# 1'1e; &'-)ha!e 1'1e ae -"11%+e& b3 b%%*- % A60a*e-. The e+ 1'1e % #%88$e b3 h3&a"$') )3$'#&e- +% )%#+%$ +he &'e)+'%# %0 +he e+ 9a+e. 5.2. $a3%"+ "+a*a Ta+a $e+a +%#!a#! b%#!a a1a$ e" h'-a1 )""1 -e&eha#a.La*b"#! +e&'' &a' 1%#+%# 1e-e!' 1a#a#! -e&eha#a; b'a-a#3a be$ab"h %$eh e#+a#! &' ""#! =Ga*ba 56,>.Te1"-a+ &' 1%#+%# 1%*1a =*e#!e" &a# e+ 1"*1> &a# "a#! *e-'# bea&a.Se$a#"+#3a +a#!' baha# baa &a# a' &a# "a#! 1e#3'*1a#a# 3a#! +e$e+a &' 1%#+%#.K%#+%$ a1a$ e" 3a#! &'$a"a# &a' ab'# &' -'-' &e &a' *a#a %1ea+% h'-a1 *e*'$'' 1a#&a#!a# 3a#! ba' 1a&a +%#!a#! be-a*a &'+a*ba+a#. Ha&'
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