Kel 3 Laporan Port Traffic Forecast Pel - Patimban

 

FH^BSHK ^BSU USHOO@I OBSAIHYU HKHF@Y@Y OBSAIHYU@KJ ^AFHCQMHK A]@YU@KJ ^HU@LCHK  

‖

“ 

Ebsak4 Zaj`t Ur`hktbrb, YU, LYi

E@YQYQK BFAM 4 GAFBL^BG 9 L. Zhmyu (80A188>:8>81) Thmrhk` Kuruf H`k` (80A188>:8>3>) (80A188>:8>3>) Yuryb Kur Ybe`g (80A188>:8>33 (80A188>:8>33)) Ghtr`af Lhttmaw (80A188>:8>3:) J`syaffh Fassyf (80A188>:8>99) Pbfhkeh Imh`ruk`sh ^ (80A188>:8>9:) (80A188>:8>9:) OHGQFUHY UAGK@G DQSQYHK UAGK@G GAFHQUHK @UF US@YHGU@ 3>3> 8

 

GHUH ^AKJHKUHS

^ud` Yyugur ghl` phkdhtghk gapheh Uumhk Phkj Lhmh Ash, ghrakh eakjhk rhmlht ehk ghruk`h Kyh, ghl` ehpht lakyafash`ghk lakyafash`ghk tujhs fhpbrhk yhkj cardueuf ‖HKHF@Y@Y OBSAIHYU@KJ ^AFHCQMHK A]@YU@KJ ^HU@LCHK“.  “. 

Fhpbrhk `k` e`cuht ehk e`hdughk uktug ^hg Zaj`t sachjh` tujhs cashr. Yafh`k `tu, tuduhk ehr`  palcuhthk fhpbrhk `k` ` k` hehfhm uktug lalcar`ghk lalcar`ghk parg`rhhk gapheh palchih lakjakh` cacarhph `kobrlhs` targh`t pafhcumhk ax`st`kj pht`lchk yhkj saehkj cardhfhk palchkjukhkyh. Yafhlh pakuf`shk fhpbrhk `k`, ghl` chkyhg lakihr` carchjh` sulcar ehr` cacarhph durkhf, cugu ^brt @kobrlht`bk, ehk mhs`f whwhkih whwhkihrh rh s`kjght. Bfam ghrakh `tu, ghl` lakjuihpghk tar`lh ghs`m sacashr-cashrkyh gapheh ^hg Zaj`t safhgu ebsak Lhth Guf`hm ^brt Urhoo`i Obraihst`kj e` @UF Ur`shgt` yhkj tafhm lalcar` chkyhg shrhk uktug lakihr` ehr` carchjh` sulcar uktug lakehphtghk ehth yhkj gbkgrat. Ghl` lakyhehr` chmwh fhpbrhk `k` lhs`m dhum ehr` salpurkh ghrakh hehkyh gatarchthshk `flu ehk pakjhfhlhk yhkj e`l`f`g`. Bfam ghrakh `tu, saluh gr`t`g ehk shrhk yhkj cars`oht lalchk lalchkjuk juk hghk ghl` tar`lh eakjhk sakhkj mht`. ghl` carmhrhp, salbjh fhpbrhk lhghfhm `k` ehpht  carlhkohhtt chj` saluh p`mhg yhkj lalarfughk.  carlhkohh lalarfughk.

Dhghrth, 38 Duf` 3>38 ^akuf`s Gafblpbg 9

3

 

EHOUHS @Y@ GHUH ^AKJHKUHS ^AKJHKUHS ........................................................ .............................................................................................................. ...................................................... 3 CHC @ ^AKEHMQFQHK ^AKEHMQFQHK.............................................................. ......................................................................................................... ........................................... ? 8.8  FHUHS CAFHGHKJ CAFHGHKJ ................................................................... .................................................................................................. ............................... ? 8.3  SQLQYHK LHYHFHM ............................................................................................. ............................................................................................. = 8.9  LHGYQE, UQDQHK, LHKOHHU ......................................................... ............................................................................. .................... = 8.9.8 

LHGYQE .................................................................. ................................................................................................. ............................... =

8.9.3 

UQDQHK ................................................................................................... ................................................................................................... 0

8.9.9 

LHKOHHU LHKOHH U ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... 0

8.9.5 

EHUH ............................................................ ....................................................................................................... ........................................... 0

8.9.1 

UHMH^HK UHMH^H K ^AKJASDHHK ^AKJASDHHK UQJHY CAYHS......................................... 83

CHC @@ U@KDHQHK ^QYUHGH .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. 89 3.8  ^AFHCQ ^AFHCQMHK MHK ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. 89 3.3  EHPH YH@KJ............................................ YH@KJ............................................................................................................. ................................................................. 89   3.9 OHGUBS EHPH YH@KJ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................ 85 CHC @@@ LAUBEBFBJ@ LAUBEBFBJ@ ^AKAF@U@HK ................................................................................. ................................................................................. 8: 9.8  ^AKJQL ^AKJQL^QFHK ^QFHK EHUH ....................................................................... ........................................................................................... .................... 8: 9.3  LAKAKU LAKAKUQGHK QGHK CAYHSHK UMSAYMBFE UMSAYMBFE ............................................................. 8: 9.9  LAKAKU LAKAKUQGHK QGHK M@UASFHKE M@UASFHKE IHUAJBSP........................................................... 80 9.5  JE^ UB UAQ .............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................. 80 CHC @_ HKHF@Y@Y EHK ^ALCHMHYHK ^ALCHMHYHK...................................................................... ............................................................................ ...... 3> 5.8  EALHKE HKE OBSAIHYU.................................................................... ..................................................................................... ................. 38 5.3  ^HU@LCH ^HU@LCHK K OBSAIHYU EALHKE......................................................................... ......................................................................... 33 5.9  JSBZ SHUA........................................................ .............................................................................................................. ...................................................... 35 CHC _ ^AKQUQ^ ^AKQUQ^ ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... 31 3.8  GAY@L^Q GAY@L^QFHK........................................... FHK............................................................................................................ ................................................................. 31 3.3  YHSHK........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 3? 3.9  EHOUHS ^QYUHGH .................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. 3:

9

 

EHOUHS UHCAF & JSHO@G

JSHO@G 8.8 HSQY HSQY ^AU@ GALHY ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................ ? UHCAF 8.8 EHUH GBUH EHK EHK GHCQ^HUAK GHCQ^HUAK E@ ^QFHQ ^QFHQ DHZ DHZH H ........................................... 0 UHCAF 9.8 IBKUBM MHY@F JH^ E@ ^HU@LCHK .................................................................... .................................................................... 8: UHCAF 9.3 M@UASFHKE M@UASFHKE IHUAJBSP IHUAJBSP ....................................................................................... ....................................................................................... 80 UHCAF 5.8 C@HPH EHK DHSHG CASCHJH@ KAJHSH GA UD ^S@BG EHK ^HU@LCHK ... 33 JSHO@G 5.8 U@KJGHU U@KJGHU GALHIAUHK GALHIAUHK ........................................................................................ ........................................................................................ 39 JSHO@G 5.3 ^SB^BY@ ^AU@ GALHY E@ UD. ^S@BG.......................................................... ................................................................... ......... 39 JSHO@G 5.9 ^SB^BY@ ^AU@ GALHY E@ @KEQYUSP YAG@UHS ............................................... 31

5

 

EHOUHS JHLCHS

JHLCHS 8.8 ^AUH M@UASFHKE M@UASFHKE EHK EHK Z@FHPHM Z@FHPHM DHZH DHZH CHSHU CHSHU ...................................... : JHLCHS 8.3 ^AUH M@UASFHKE M@UASFHKE EHK EHK Z@FHPHM Z@FHPHM DHZH DHZH UAKJHM UAKJHM ................................... : JHLCHS 8.9 ^AUH M@UASFHKE M@UASFHKE EHK Z@FHPHM DHZH U@LQS U@LQS ....................................... = JHLCHS 5.8 HGYAY HGYAY E@ Z@FHPHM Z@FHPHM ^HU@LCHK .................................................................... .................................................................... 33 JHLCHS 5.3 @KEQYUS@ E@ Z@FHPHM DHZH CHSHU CHSHU .......................................................... 35 JHLCHS 5.9 @KEQYUS@ @KEQYUS@ E@ Z@FHPHM Z@FHPHM ^HU@LCHK ^HU@LCHK .............................................................. 31

1

 

CHC @ ^AKEHMQFQHK 8.8.  Fhthr cafhghkj E` @kebkas`h sa`r`kj eakjhk partulcumhk agbkbl` yhkj pasht, tardhe` pak`kjghthk thdhl  pheh vbfula pat` galhs yhkj e`thkjhk` e` pafhcumhk. Yhfhm shtukyh hehfhm hehfhm vbfula pat` galhs e` Uhkdukj ^r`bg yhkj lakjhfhl` pak`kjghthk taruthlh e` thmuk 3>>0 m`kjjh 3>85. E`thmuk 3>81 lakjhfhl` pakurukhk sacashr :,03% ehr` thmuk sacafulkyh ehk pheh thmuk 3>8? galchf` lakjhfhl` pak`kjghthk sacashr 1%. Car`gut hehfhm jrho`g ehr` hrus pat` galhs ehr` thmuk ga thmuk4

Yulcar 4 www.`kebkas`hpbrt.ib.`e  

Jrho`g 8.8 Hrus ^at` galhs ehr` thmuk ga thmuk

Mhf tarsacut layachcghk Uhkdukj ^r`bg lakihph` ghphs`thskyh uktug lakhlpukj pat` galhs ehk e` s`s` fh`k heh fhfu f`kths yhkj shkjht pheht e` saphkdhkj dhfhk lhsug ehk gafuhr Dhghrth, saehkjghk pbpufhs` ehk fbghs` `keustr` e` w`fhyhm t`lur Dhghrth tarus lakjhfhl`  pak`kjghthk sam`kjjh lakjhg`chtghk lakjhg`chtghk galhiathk galhiathk fhfu f`kths yhkj t`kjj`. Galhiathk Galhiathk `k` lakyachcghk c`hyh fbj`st`g yhkj t`kjj` ehfhl lakjhgsas ^afhcumhk Uhkdukj ^r`bg sachjh` ghwhshk `keustr` uthlh carheh. Lhgh e`cutumghk pakjuhthk gbkagt`v`ths eakjhk pakjalchkj pakjalchkjhk hk  pafhcumhk uktug lakhlpukj ibkth`kar yhkj salhg`k lak`kjght, lakjmalht c`hyh fbj`st`g, f bj`st`g, ehk lakjurhkj` gbksuls` chmhk chghr trug. Ehfhl Gaputushk ^ras`eak Kb.5:/3>8? , ^alchkjukhk ^afhcumhk chru e` ^ht`lchk e`putusghk sachjh` prbyag strhtaj`s khs`bkhf. Hehpuk tuduhk pakathphk ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk tarsacut hehfhm sachjh` car`gut (G^ =: Uhmuk 3>8:) 4 ?

 

8.  Lakaghk c`hyh fbj`st`g eakjhk lakeaghtghk pusht prbeugs` (`keustr` lhkuohgtur) eakjhk butfat ^afhcumhk. 3.  Lalparguht gathmhkhk paragbkbl`hk eakjhk lakyae`hghk chigup butfat pafhcumhk yhkj lafhyhk` w`fhyhm yhkj lakjmhs`fghk :>% ghrjb ehfhl kajar`. 9.  Lakurukghk t`kjght galhiathk e` Dhghrth eakjhk lal`kehmghk sachj`hk trho`g hkjguthk carht ga fuhr w`fhyhm `cugbth. 5.  Lakaghk pakjjukhhk CCL carsucs`e` ehk lak`kjghtghk ut`f`shs` trug ibkth`kar eakjhk lalparpakeag lalparpakeag dhrhg talpum ehr` `keustr` lhkuohgtur gapafhcumhk. 1.  Lakdhl`k gasafhlhthk pafhyhrhk ehk hrah agspfbrhs` l`jhs e` ghwhshk faphs phkth` Qthrh Dhwh Chrht. Car`gut laruphghk path ehr` Uhkdukj ^r`bg, Uhkdukj ^arhg, Uhkdukj Alhs, ehk ^ht`lchk eakjhk `keustr`-`keustr` e` sag`thrkyh 4

Yulcar 4 Jbbjfa`@lhjas m`ktarfhke Uhkdukj ^r`bg Jhlchr 8.8 ^ath M`ktarfhke e` w`fhyhm Dhwh Chrht

Yulcar 4 Jbbjfa `lhjas m`ktarfhke Uhkdukj Alhs

:

 

Jhlchr 8.3 ^ath M`ktarfhke e` w`fhyhm Dhwh Uakjhm

Yulcar 4 Jbbjfa `lhjas m`ktarfhke Uhkdukj ^arhg

Jhlchr 8.9 ^ath M`ktarfhke e` w`fhyhm Dhwh U`lur

^heh jhlchr tarsacut lakdafhsghk chmwh gat`jh ^afhcumhk ehk ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk lal`f`g` fbghs` yhkj fulhyhk careaghthk sam`kjjh hphc`fh e`chkjuk lhgh parfu e`t`kdhu ehr` saj` ehrht yh`tu ghwhshk `keustr` lhkh yhkj fac`m ibibg uktug e`fhgughk pakj`r`lhk. Caj`tu  dujh ehr` saj` fhut parfu e`part`lchkjghk e`part`lchkjghk dujh hsh hshff ehk tuduhk pakj`r`lhkkyh. pakj`r`lhkkyh. Lhgh ehr` `tu ghl` hghk lakjhkhf`s`s w`fhyhm lhkh shdh yhkj tarlhsug ehr` m`ktarfhke pht`lchk ehk eharhm lhkh shdhghm yhkj c`sh lakdhe` eharhm ibktasthcfa chj` gat`jh pafhcumhk tarsacut. Yatafhm `tu lhgh hghk e`ehphtghk mhs`f obraihst`kj pbtaks` ehr` ^ht`lchk `tu sake`r` khkt`kyh.

8.3. Sulushk Lhshfhm  Hehpuk rulushk lhshfhmhk yhkj hghk e`chmhs ehfhl tujhs cashr `k` hehfhm sachjh`  car`gut 4 h)  Chjh`lhkh ihrh lakaktughk w`fhyhm yhkj tarlhsug ihpt`va ehk ibkstasthcfa2  c)  Chjh`lhkh sachrhk m`ktarfhke e` Uhkdukj ^r`bg, Uhkdukj ^arhg, Uhkdukj Alhs ehk ^ht`lchk2 i)  Chjh`lhkh gblpat`s` gat`jh ^afhcumhk eakjhk ^ht`lchk carehshrghk m`ktarfhke ehk obrafhke sachjh` pafhcumhk `ktarkhs`bkh ` ktarkhs`bkhf2 f2 e)  Chjh`lhkh prbsas lakaktughk ealhke ehk obrihst ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk ehk mhs`f obraihst`kj ^ht`lchk uktug cacarhph thmuk car`gutkyh2

8.9.  Lhgsue, Uuduhk ehk Lhkohht 8.9.8. Lhgsue Lhgsue Hehpuk lhgsue ehr` pakyusukhk fhpbrhk `k` hehfhm uktug lalakum` tujhs  cashr pakjhkt` Qd`hk Hgm`r Yalastar Yalastar lhth guf`hm ^brt Urhoo`i Obraihst Obraihst yhkj

=

 

e`car`ghk bfam ^hg Zaj`t sarth uktug lafht`m lhmhs`swh/` uktug ehpht lalcuht fhpbrhk obraihst`kj eakjhk ch`g ehk cakhr. 8.9.3. Uuduhk Uuduhk Hehpuk tuduhk ehr` palcuhthk fhpbrhk `k` hehfhm sachjh` car`gut 4

  Qktug lakjathmu` ihrh lakaktughk eharhm yhkj tarjbfbkj ihpt`va ehk

•

ibktasthcfa m`ktarfhke uktug ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk.

  Qktug lakjathmu` hphghm ^afhcumhk pht`lchk ehpht carsh`kj ehk dujh

•

 cagardhshlh  cagardhsh lh eakjhk gat`jh gat`jh pafhcumhk fh`kyh yhkj carheh carheh e`pufhu Dhwh. Dhwh.

  Qktug lakjathmu` hphghm palchkjukhk ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk ehpht tarc`fhkj

•

sugsas sasuh` eakjhk tuduhk e`chkjukyh ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk sachjh` ^afhcumhk ax`st`kj. 8.9.9. Lhkohht Lhkohht Hehpuk lhkohht yhkj e` ehphtghk ehr` pakyusukhk fhpbrhk `k` hehfhm sachjh` car`gut 4

  Chj` palchih ehk lhmhs`swh ehpht lakdhe` raoaraks` ehfhl chjh`lhkh ihrh

•

lalobriast rakihkh palchkjukhk yhkj hghk e`fhgughk e`shht khkt` e`fhphkjhk gardh.

  Chj` pakjjukh dhsh tarl`khf pat` galhs ehpht lakdhe` ragblakehs` ehfhl

•

 pakaktuhk pal`f`mhk tarl`khf pat` galhs jukh lafhyhk` gacutumhk pakjjukh  dhsh.

  Chj` parushmhhk tarl`khf pat` galhs ehpht lakdhe` lhsughk ktug pak`kjghthk

•

 prbsas fhyhkhk. fhyhkhk. 8.9.5. Ehth Car`gut hehfhm thcfa ehth gbth ehk ghcuphtak e`sat`hp prbv`ks` e`pufhu Dhwh  casarth carhph carhph dhrhg gbth gbth ehk ghcuphtak ghcuphtak eakjhk ^afhcumhk ^afhcumhk ^ht`lch ^ht`lchk. k. ^rbv`kia Pbjyhghrth

Luk`i`phf`ty Gufbkprbjb

E`sthkia tb ^ht`lchk 903

Chktak

Uhkjarhkj Yafhthk

8?5

Iaktrhf Dhvh

Gbth Uajhf

8=1

Zast Dhvh

Gbth Uhs`glhfhyh

80?

Ahst Dhvh

Lhfhkj

:5:

Dhghrth

Dhghrth U`lur

895

Dhghrth Chrht

813

Dhghrth Qthrh

855

Dhghrth ^usht

85:

Uhkjarhkj

8=9

Yarhkj

333

I`fajbk

390

Ghc. Uhkjarhkj

8=1

Chktak

0

 

Zast Dhvh

Iaktrhf Dhvh

Ghc. Yarhkj

359

Ghc. ^hkeajfhkj

99:

Ghc. Fachg

31>

Gbth Yughcul`

80=

Gbth eapbg

8?>

Gbth I`racbk

88?

Gbth I`lhm`

89>

Gbth Cbjbr Gbth Caghs`

8:5 83=

Gbth Chkdhr

38>

Gbth Chkeukj

890

Ghc. Uhs`glhfhyh

355

Ghc. Yulaehkj

0>

Ghc. Yughcul`

3>3

Ghc. Yuchkj

95

Ghc. ^urwhghrth

=5

Ghc. ^akjhkehrhk

31:

Ghc. Lhdhfakjgh

8>0

Ghc. Guk`kjhk

850

Ghc. Ghrhwhkj

:?

Ghc. @kerhlhyu Ghc. Jhrut

?? 3:>

Ghc. I`racbk

8>9

Ghc. I`hkdur

33:

Ghc. I`hl`s

80:

Ghc. Cbjbr

8=>

Ghc. Caghs`

8>>

Ghc. Chkeukj Chrht

831

Gbth Yurhghrth

595

Gbth salhrhkj

99=

Gbth Yafht`jh

9=1

Gbth ^aghfbkjhk

31:

Gbth Lhjafhkj

5>9

Ghc. Zbkbsbcb Ghc. Zbkbj`r`

9?9 5=0

Ghc. Uhlhkjjukj

913

Ghc. Uajhf

8=1

Ghc. Yugbmhrdb

590

Ghc. Yrhjak

518

Ghc. Yalhrhkj

9?8

Ghc. Salchkj

5:3

Ghc. ^uwbradb

550

Ghc. ^urchf`kjjh

3?1

Ghc. ^hlhfhkj

39>

Ghc. ^aghfbkjhk

3:3

Ghc. ^ht`

53>

Ghc. Lhjafhkj Ghc. Gueus

900 5>3 8>

 

Ahst Dhvh

Ghc. Gfhtak

559

Ghc. Gakehf

989

Ghc. Gaculak

938

Ghc. Ghrhkjhkyhr

51:

Ghc. Daphrh

589

Ghc. Jrbcbkjhk

581

Ghc. Ealhg

9??

Ghc. I`fhihp Ghc. Cracas

3:1 8??

Ghc. Cbybfhf`

5>=

Ghc. Cfbrh

5??

Ghc. Chthkj

3=9

Ghc. Chkyulhs

350

Ghc. Chkdhrkajhrh

309

Gbth Yuhrhchyh

?:?

Gbth ^rbcbf`kjjb

:15

Gbth ^hsuruhk

:38

Gbth Lbdbgartb

?91

Gbth Lhe`uk

199

Gbth Gae`r`

?>1

Gbth Cf`thr Gbth Chtu

?5? ?:?

Ghc. Uufukjhjukj

?95

Ghc. Uuchk

?81

Ghc. Urakjjhfag

?3?

Ghc. Yulakap

=13

Ghc. Y`tucbkeb

=09

Ghc. Y`ebhrdb

?=9

Ghc. Yhlphkj

::5

Ghc. ^rbcbf`kjjb

:00

Ghc. ^hsuruhk

:9?

Ghc. ^bkbrbjb

1?8

Ghc. ^hlaghshk

:0=

Ghc. ^hi`thk Ghc. Kjhw`

19= 189

Ghc. Kjhkdug

1:>

Ghc. Lbdbgartb

?18

Ghc. Lhfhkj

:=3

Ghc. Lhjathk

193

Ghc. Lhe`uk

19?

Ghc. Fulhdhkj

=>?

Ghc. Fhlbkjhk

?=9

Ghc. Gae`r`

?95

Ghc. Dblchkj

?83

Ghc. Dalcar

=59

Ghc. Jras`g

?:0

Ghc. Cbkebwbsb Ghc. Cbdbkajbrb

=:9 1?8

88

 

Pbjyhghrth

Ghc. Cf`thr

?51

Ghc. Chkyuwhkj`

010

Ghc. Chkjghfhk

:3>

Gbth Pbjyhghrth

51:

Ghc. Yfalhk

511

Ghc. Jukukj G`euf

5=>

Ghc. Chktuf Dhghrth

8=

Gapufhuhk Yar`cu Dhghrth safhthk

811 855

Uhcfa 8.8 f`st gbth ehk ghcuphtak casarth dhrhg ga ^ht`lchk

8.9.1. Uhmhphk ^akjardhhk Uujhs Cashr ^arm`tukjhk

  Lakj`eakt`o`ghs` eharhm ihpt`va, ibktasthcfa, ehk kbt phrt bo ^ht`lchk ^brt.

•

(smaat 8)

  Lakj`eakt`o`ghs` JES^ thmuk 3>85 shlph` 3>8= ehr` ga akhl prbv`ks` yh`tu

•

Dhghrth, Chktak, Dhwh Uakjhm, Dhwh Chrht, Dhwh U`lur, Pbjyhghrth. (smaat 3)

  Lakj`eakt`o`ghs` ehth trhksm`plakt gat`jh pafhcumhk ehk e`ghfgufhs`ghk

•

sam`kjjh lakjmhs`fghk gbkvars` JE^ tb UAQ e`thmuk 3>8= eakjhk shtuhk par @ES tr`ff`bk. (smaat 3)

  Lakaktughk ealhke ehk obraihst. (smaat 9)

•

^akjjhlchrhk

  Jhlchr e`hjrhl mhs`f ealhke ehk obraihst ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk. 

•

83

 

CHC @@ U@KDHQHK ^QYUHGH 3.8.  ^afhcumhk Lakurut ^arhturhk ^alar`kthm Kb.?0 Uhmuk 3>>8 ^hshf 8 hyht , takthkj Gapafhcumhkhk Gapafhcumhk hk , pafhcumhk hehfhm talpht yhkj tare`r` ehr` ehrhthk ehk parh`rhk e` sag`thrkyh eakjhk chths chths tartaktu sachjh` talpht gaj`hthk palar`kthm ehk gaj`hthk agbkbl` yhkj e`parjukhghk sachjh` talpht ghphf uktug carshkehrl carfhcum, kh`g turukkyh pakulphkj ehk/hthu cbkjghr luht chrhkj yhkj e`fakjghp` eakjhk ohs`f`ths gasafhlhthk pafhyhrhk ehk gaj`hthk pakukdhkj pafhcumhk sarth sachjh` talpht parp`kehmhk `ktrh ehk hkthr lbeh trhkspbrths`. ^afhcumhk ehfhl hgt`v`thskyh lalpukyh` parhk pakt`kj uktug partulcumhk `keustr` ehk parehjhkjhk sarth laruphghk sajlak ushmh yhkj ehpht lalcar`ghk gbktr`cus` chj`  palchkjukhk khs`bkhf. . Ehfhl lafhgughk gaj`hthk cbkjghr luht, ghphf lal`f`g` hfht-hfht  palchkjukhk yhkj e`rhkihkj gmusus sasuh` eakjhk dak`s luhthk ehk dak`s ghphfkyh. ^afhcumhk ^afhcumhk dujh ehpht e` eao`k`sg`ghk sachjh` sachjh` eharhm parh`rhk parh`rhk yhkj tarf`keukj ehr ehr`` jafblchkj fhut ehk e` fakjghp` eakjhk ohs`f`ths tarl`khf laf`put` 4 8.  Earlhjh, talpht e` lhkh ghphf ehpht carthlcht uktug cbkjghr luht chrhkj. 3.  Irhka, uktug lafhgshkhghk lafhgshkhghk gaj`hthk cbkjghr luht chrhkj 9.  Juehkj fhut (trhks`tb), talpht talpht uktug laky`lphk lu luhthk hthk ehr` ghphf hthu yhkj hghk  p`kehm ga ghphf ghphf Yafh`k `tu, pafhcumhk laruphghk p`ktu jarchkj sarth pafhkihr mucukjhk hkthr eharhm,  pufhu, chmghk cakuh lhupuk hkthr chkjsh yhkj ehpht lalhdughk eharhm cafhkjkyh hthu  dujh e`gakhf eakjhk eharhm pakjhrum. Eharhm cafhghkj `k` laruphghk eharhm yhkj lalpukyh` mucukjhk gapakt`kjhk agbkbl`, sbs`hf, lupuk uktug gapakt`kjhk parthmhkhk. (Ur`htlbedb,3>>0).

3.3.  Ehyh Yh`kj ^bs`s` gblpat`t`o ehr` pafhcumhk gbkth`kar e`taktughk bfam dhfur pafhyhrhk uktug ruta  parehjhkjhk  parehjhkjh k tartaktu, w`fhyhm jabjrho`s ehk pafhcumhk fh`kkyh e`lhkh pafhcumhk gbkth`kar tarmucukj. Khluk, pheh e`laks` yhkj facum fuhs, ehyh sh`kj pafhcumhk gbkth`kar e`taktughk bfam carchjh` gaukjjufhk gblpat`t`o yhkj e`parbfam hthu e`cuht bfam pafhcumhk ehr` whgtu ga whgtu. (Mhazakebkg & Kbttacbbl, 3>>3).

89

 

Lakjgbksbf`ehs`ghk

ehothr

ohgtbr

yhkj

e`hlc`f

ehr`

cacarhph

praspagt`o

lakukdugghk chmwh pafhcumhk gbkth`kar hghk gblpat`t`o d`gh 4 8.  Carheh e` pusht parehjhkjhk parehjhkjhk uthlh. 3.  Lal`f`g` gbkagt`v`ths yhkj shkjht ch`g eakjhk phshr. 9.  Lhlpu lakjurhkj` c`hyh pafhcumhk uktug pakjjukh lafhfu` prbeugt`v`ths yhkj fac`m t`kjj`. 5.  Lhlpu lalparfuhs ghphs`ths ehfhl uktug lalakum` parl`kthhk ehk lal`f`g` ruhkjhk yhkj iugup uktug lalakum` pakjalchkjhk ehk ghphs`ths agsthks` e` lhsh eaphk. 1.  Lalukjg`kghk pakjjukh uktug carsh`kj saihrh aoagt`o eakjhk lbeh trhkspbrths` fh`kkyh.

Lhlpu lakjhths` thkthkjhk yhkj yhkj e`t`lcufghk bfam f`kjgukjhk c`sk`s

fbj`st`g chru. ?.  E`hkjjhp lakdhe` pakebrbkj uthlh agbkbl` fbghf.

Ehothr ohgtbr yhkj e`tukdugghk e` hths lakjukjghpghk gblpfags`ths ehk gasuf`thk yhkj lafaght ehfhl lakeao`k`s`ghk ehyh sh`kj. Carchjh` latbea tafhm e`jukhghk sachjh` lakaktughk cashrkyh ehk ghrhgtar`st`g ehyh sh`kj pafhcumhk gbkth`kar. Lasg`puk gblpbkak yhkj tarugur carpbtaks` ehpht e`jukhghk uktug lalhst`ghk ehyh sh`kj saihrh bcyagt`o,ohgtbr-ohgtbr bcyagt`o,ohgtbr-ohg tbr yhkj lakaktughk ehyh sh`kj c`hshkyh chkyhg yhkj cars`oht guhf`tht`o. Ohgtbr-ohgtbr `k` ululkyh e`tutup` bfam hkhf`s`s yhkj cars`oht easgr`pt`o ehk targh`t eakjhk  c`ehkj palchkjukhk palchkjukhk pafhcumhk, ruta pafhyhrhk pat`galhs. Yaihrh gasafurumhk, gasafurumhk, carchjh`  pakjugurhk ehk latbebfbj` eujukhghk uktug lakukdugghk t`kjght ehk gblpfags`ths  part`lchkjhk yhkj yhkj cargh`thk cargh`thk eakjhk ehyh sh`kj pafhcu pafhcumhk mhk gbkth`kar ehk ehk gblpat`s`.

3.9.  Ohgtbr Ehyh Yh`kj Lakurut Jabrja Gbc`kh vhk Eyig ehk Mhwh Lbmhlae @slhaf parsh`kjhk hkthr  pafhcumhk e` pakjhrum` pakjhrum` bfam 4 8.  Umrbujmput, 3.  Fbghs` pafhcumhk 9.  Ao`s`aks` bparhtbr tarl`khf 5.  @korhstugtur pafhcumhk 1.  C`hyh pafhcumhk ?.  Ythc`f`ths pbf`t`g e` eharhm pafhcumh pafhcumhk. k. Mhf yhkj lalpakjhrum` pakjjukh dhsh ehfhl lal`f`m bparhtbr tarl`khf hehfhm 4 8.  Dhrhg pakj`r`l ehr` pafhcumh pafhcumhk, k, 3.  Dhrhg ga tuduhk (agspbr) 9.  Dhrhg ehr` hshf (`lpbr) 85

 

5.  Galhiathk pafhcumhk 1.  Ypas`o`ghs` ghphf. (Eyigf & @slhaf, 3>81) Dbsa Ubkjzbk ehk Zu Makj lakjhkjght eafhphk afalak ehfhl pakaf`t`hk laragh  pheh ao`s`aks` ao`s`aks` pafhcumhk ehk ehk ehyh sh`kj 4 8.  U`kjght ao`s`aks` bparhs` pafhcumhk (tarl`khf) 3.  C`hyh cbkjghr luht pafhcumhk 9.  Galhlpuhk pafhcumhk 5.  ^al`f`mhk pafhcumhk bparhtbr ehk pakj`r`l 1.  Gaehfhlhk shfurhk khv`jhs` ?.  Galhlpuh Galhlpuhk k carhehpths` eakjhk f`kjgukjhk f` kjgukjhk phshr yhkj caruchm :.  Hgsas`c`f`ths ga ehrht =.  E`oaraks`hs E`oaraks`hs`` prbeug.(Makj & Ubkjzbk, 3>>1) Lakj`kjht s`tuhs` shht `k`, ohgtbr-ohgtbr car`gut e`talughk sachjh` pakaktu ehr` gblpat`s`4(Afak Uwrey, 3>85) 8.  Dhrhg 4 dhrhg hkthrh pafhcumhk ehk phshr yhkj e`fhyhk` e`mucukjghk eakjhk carchjh` fhyhkhk pakjulphk hehfhm ohgtbr pakt`kj ehr` gblpat`s`.33 3.  C`hyh ehk Ao`s`aks` 4 pal`f`g chrhkj ehk parushmhhk pafhyhrhk lalchke`kjghk  c`hyhehk ao`s`aks` ao`s`aks` ehr` bparhs` hkthrh hkthrh euh tarl`kh tarl`khff yhkj careaghthk ehk ehk lal`f`m shtu shtu tarl`khf. 9.  Gbksaktrhs`4

hf`hks`

strhtaj`s

hkthrh

parushmhhk

pafhyhrhk

cartuduhk

uktuglakj`ktajrhs`ghk pafhcumhk ehk tarl`khf yhkj lhkh ehpht cargbksaktrhs`  pheh hrus chrhkj chrhkj sachjh` sachjh` dhr`kjhk pusht pusht uktug eharhm. eharhm. 5.  Ohs`f`ths Fhkduthk4 sghfh cashr-gbkth`kar, e`dhfhkghk bfam parushmhhk pafhyhrhk hthu bfam suhtu hf`hks`, lakihr` sghfh agbkbl` sarth lalarfughk parhfhthk pafhcumhk eakjhk ohs`f`ths yhkj ihkjj`m. 1.  Gaguhthk thwhr lakhwhr ehr` pafhkjjhk (Chrjh`k`kj pbwar bo iustblar)4 sacuhm  parushmhhk  parushmhh k pafhyhrhk ehk hf`hks` yhkj lalchwh luhthk chkyhg lal`f`g` gaguhthk thwhr lakhwhr uktug lake`r`ghk tarl`khf sake`r` ehk uktug carkajbs`hs` eakjhk  pafhcumhk uktug lakhwhrghk lakhwhrghk gbke`s` yhkj gblpat`t`o. ?.  Gaguhthk thwhr lakhwhr ehr` bparhtbr (Chrjh`k`kj pbwar bo bparhtbr)4 bparhtbr  pafhcumhk luft`-khs`bkhf iakearukjlalparfuh iakearukjlalparfuhss ruhkj f`kjgup c`sk`s laragh saihrh jfbchf ehk lakhwhrghk guhf`ths t`kjj` ehk bparhs` gmusus dhsh tarl`khf. (M`rbsm`, 3>8>) Ehr` ohgtbr ’  ohgtbr  ’   ohgtbr ohgtbr yhkj tafhm e`hlc`f ehr` carchjh` praspagt`o lakukdugghk chmwh tarl`khf pat` galhs hghk fac`m gblpat`t`o d`gh4 8.  Eaght eakjhk pusht prbeugs`, gbksuls` ehk parehjhkjhk. parehjhkjhk.

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3.  Lal`f`g` hgsas m`ktarfhke yhkj shkjht ch`g ehk lakhwhrghk dhr`kjhk yhkj ch`g ga  phshr. 9.  Lhlpu lakjurhkj` c`hyh pafhcumhk lafhfu` prbeugt`v`ths yhkj fac`m t`kjj`. 5.  Lhlpu lalparfuhs ghphs`ths uktug lalakum` parl`kthhk ehk lal`f`g` fhmhk yhkj iugup uktug palchkjukhk palchkjukhk parfuhshk ghphs`ths e`lhsh lakehthkj. 1.  Lalukjg`kghk pakjjukh uktug carsh`kj saihrh aoagt`o eakjhk lbeh trhkspbrths` fh`k. ?.  Lhlpu lakjhths` thkthljhk thkthljhk yhkj t`lcuf eakjhk hehkyh f`kjgukjhk c`sk`s fbj`st`g  chru39. :.  Lal`f`g` gatarf`chthk yhkj cashr ehr` sagtbr swhsth pheh favaf bparhtbr tarl`khf. =.  E`hkjjhp lakdhe` pakebrbkj uthlh agbkbl` fbghf. 0.  Lakjmhrjh` trhe`s` ehr` phrh palhkjgu gapakt`kjhk uthlh e` hrah pafhcumhk ehk lhsyhrhght fuhs. Ehothr ohgtbr e` hths lakukdugghk gblpfags`ths ehk gasuf`thk yhkj lafaght ehfhl lakeao`k`s`ghk ehyh sh`kj. (Z`kgaflhks & Kbttacbbl 3>>:)

8?

 

CHC @@@ LAUBEBFBJ@ ^AKAF@U@HK 9.8.  ^akjulpufhk Ehth Qktug lakaktughk suhtu w`fhyhm tarlhsug eharhm ihpt`va, ibktasthcfa, ehk kbt cafbkj tb hrah m`ktarfhke ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk e`cutumghk ehth caruph khlh gbth ehk ghcuphtak casarhth  dhrhg ehr` gbth ehk ghcuphtak ga ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk ehk gat`jh pafhcumhk yh`tu Uj pr`bg, Uj ^arhg, Uj Alhs. Car`gut laruphghk ehth yhkj rafavhk ehfhl obraihst`kj obraihst`kj ghf` `k` hehfhm 4 8.  Qktug lakj`eakt`o`ghs` dhrhg ehr` pht`lchk ga suhtu eharhm gbth hthu ghcuphtak e`cutumghk ehk e`hlc`f ehr` mhs`f pakihr`hk Jbbjfa lhps. 3.  Dhrhg ehr` ^afhcumhk Uj. ^r`bg ga gbth ehk ghcuphtak e`pufhu Dhwh. 9.  Dhrhg ehr` ^afhcumhk Uj. ^arhg ga gbth ehk ghcuphtak e`pufhu Dhwh. 5.  Dhrhg ehr` pafhcumhk Uj. Alhs ga gbth ehk ghcuphtak e`pufhu Dhwh. Yatafhm lakehphtghk mhs`f dhrhg ehr` ^ht`lchk ehk gat`jh pafhcumhk tarsacut lhgh hghk e`ehphtghk JH^ tb ^ht`lchk caehshrghk mhs`f e`lhkh dhrhg ehr` pht`lchk gagbth yhkj e``kj`kghk e`gurhkj eakjhk dhrhg ehr` ^afhcumhk Uj.pr`bg/Uj.^arhg/Uj.Alh Uj.pr`bg/Uj.^arhg/Uj.Alhs. s. Ibktbmkyh sapart`  car`gut4  ^r bv`kia Pbjyhghrth

Luk `i`phf`t y Gufbkprbjb

JH^ Ub Ub ^h ^ht`lchk t`lchk E`sthkia tb ^ht`lchk E`sthkia tb Uhkdukj ^r`bg JH^ 903 1:9 -8=8

Uhcfa 9.8 Ibktbm mhs`f JH^ tb ^ht`lchk

Gufbkprbjb lalpukyh` dhrhg 903l uktug ga ^ht`lchk ehk dhrhg 1:5l ga Uj.^r`bg. Yam`kjjh mhs`f pakjurhkjhk e`ehpht -8=8l JH^ tb ^ht`lchk.

9.3. Lakaktughk Cashrhk Umrasmbfe   Yatafhm JH^ dhrhg fhkjghm safhkdutkyh `hfhm eakjhk lakaktughk hphghm hrah tarsacut ihpt`va, ibktasthcfa hthu cughk hrah m`ktarfhkekyh pht`lchk. Khluk, sacaful `tu e`parfughk cashrhk tmrasmbfe uktug sachjh` t`t`g hiuhk chmwh dhrhg tarsacut c`sh e`ghthghk  dhum hthu eaght eakjhk ^ht`lchk sam`kjjh c`sh e`ghtajbr`ghk. Hehpuk ihrh lakaktughk  cashrhk tmrasmbfe eakjhk rulus truig`kj ibst e`chj` eakjhk tbthf shv`kj ibst. Car`gut eao`k`s` ehk parm`tukjhkyh 4 h)  Chjh`lhkh ihrh lakihr` k`fh` truig`kj ibst2 8:

 

Uruig`kj ibst `hfhm c`hyh yhkj e`gafuhrghk sm`pp`kj f`ka ehfhl saghf` dhfhk ehr`  pafhcumhk ga talpht tuduhk pat` galhs e`g`r`lghk. Uruig`kj ibst lakihgup saluh  pakjafuhrhk e`sat`hp pakj`r`lhk tardhe`. Khluk, uktug lakihr` tmrasmbfe e`cutumghk rhth-rhth ehr` c`hyh yhkj e`gafuhrghk saghf` dhfhk hthu pargl kyh shdh. Ehfhl obraihst e`parfughk whwhkihrh saihrh fhkjsukj tarmhehp sup`r, hthu lhkhjalakt gauhkjhk sm`pp`kj f`ka uktug lakehphtghk carhph c`hyh yhkj e`gafuhrghk bfam sm`pp`kj f`ka par gl kyh uktug lakihph` tuduhk. Ghl` fhkjsukj lawhwhkihrh` lawhwhkihrh` shfhm shtu sup`r truig pat` galhs yhkj lalpukyh` east`khs` ghrwhkj sam`kjjh dhrhg yhkj e`ehpht ehr` Uj.^r`bg ga ghrhwhkj :: gl ehk mhs`fkyh 4

   Khlh 4 Ae` Yhre`lhk Y`mbthkj   Qlur sup`r 4 58 Umk   Jhd` saghf` dhfhk 4 3>>.>>>rc/mhr` c`hshkyh heh gakag jhd`kyh shlh 3>>.>>>rc/mhr`    Khlh talpht talpht gardh 4 parushmhk carjarhg e` c`ehkj agspae`s` hkjguthk agspbr `lpbr `kebkas`h yh`tu pt k`ss`k trhkspbrt t rhkspbrt `kebkas`h   Ehr` lhkh galhkh  c`hshkyh luhthk luhthk e`hkthr 4 phf`kj dhum e` ghrhwhkj phf`kj eagat lhrukeh suktar   Hph shdh luhthkyh 4 tarjhktukj phcr`gkyh ehk c`hshkyh agspbr chk ga fuhr kajr` ga daphkj ehk lhfhys`h ehk bf` dujh   Ehfhl samhr` carhph luhthk 4 ehfhl samhr` c`hshkyh 8 r`t hthu 8 gbkth`kar   Carhph uhkj caks`k yhkj e`parfughk 4 c`hshkyh ehpat uhkj dhfhk ehr` parushmhk ehk jhg kaktu tarjhktukj pardhfhkkyh dhum hthu t`ehg, t `ehg, 1>>r`cu   Carhph dhl whgtu aoagt`o gardh 4 8 x 35 dhl carhkjght ehr` phj` pufhkj dhl 8> lhfhl tarjhktukj lhiat hthu t`ehg   Carhph c`hyh tbf ehr` pafhcumhk ga talpht yhkj e`tudu 4 tarjhktukj tuduhk ehk c`hshkyh ga i`ghlpag i`ghlpag sag`thr 3>>r`cu uktug saghf` parj` shdh   Hph shdh pakjafuhrhk safh`k caks`k 4 uhkj lhghk c`hshkyh sag`thr 8>>r`cu ehk uhkj thlchf chk 8>>r`cu

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Yam`kjjh e`ehpht parmhr` sm`pp`kj f`ka lakjafuhrghk Sp 8.1>>.>>> uktug saghf`  pardhfhkhk eakjhk dhrhg phf`kj dhum yh`tu Uj.^r`bg ’  Uj.^r`bg  ’   Ghrhwhkj. (shfhm shtu salpaf) lhgh e`ehpht uktug hvarhja ehr` truig`kj ibst sacashr 3>.>>>r`cu/gl.  c)  Chjh`lhkh ihrh lakihr` k`fh` shv`kj ibst2 Yhv`kj ibst hthu ehkh malht `k` `hfhm parl`kthhk hthu mhrhphk ehr` sm`pp`kj f`ka hthu  pr`vhta `kvastbr uktug lakehphtghk lakehphtghk ehkh yhkj e`mhrhpghk fac`m malht e`sat`hp  pakj`r`lhk ehr` ^ht`lchk khkt`kyh ga east`khs` yhkj e`tudu. Qktug fhkjsukj lakehphtghk dhwhchk ghl` lawhwhkihrh` pagardh e`chj`hk lhkhdalak gauhkjhk e`shfhm shtu sm`pp`kj f`ka, chmwhshkyh shv`kj ibst hthu ehkh yhkj e`mhrhpghk sm`pp`kj

8=

 

f`ka uktug ehpht fac`m c`sh lakjmalht ehkh yhkj gafuhr e`sat`hp pakj`r`lhk ehr` ^ht`lchk ga east`khs` yhkj e`tudu sacashr Sp.8.>>>.>>>. Sp.8.>>>.>>>.

i)  Chjh`lhkh mhs`f palchj`hkyh2 Lhgh e`ehpht e`sthkia tmrasmbfe hehfhm 8.>>>.>>>/3>.>>> < 1>gl. (hsuls` dhrhg) 9.9.  Lakaktughk M`ktarfhe Ihtajbry Mhs`f dhrhg tmrasmbfe yhkj e`ehpht e` ehpht `hfhm 1>gl, fhkjghm safhkdutkyh `hfhm lakaktughk m`ktarfhke ihtajbry yhkj lhkh shdh yhkj lhsug ga eharhm ihpt`va, ibktasthcfa, ehk cughk hrah m`ktarfhke ^ht`lchk. Zhrkh Eharhm

Gatarhkjhk

Hsuls` Dhrhg

Cfua

Ihpt`va M`ktarfhke Ibkthsthcfa M`ktarfhke Kbt ^hrt bo M`ktarfhke

JH^ ^ht`lchk fac`m eaght l`k`lhf 1> gl

Jraak Jray

JH^ ^ht`lchk c`sh fac`m eaght hthu fac`m dhum 1> 1 > gl JH^ ^ht`lchk fac`m dhum ehr` 1> gl

Uhcfa 9.3 M`ktarfhke Ihtajbry

Uhcfa `k` caroukjs` sachjh` t`t`g hiuhk lhkh yhkj c`sh e`ghtajbr`ghk sachjh` hrah ihpt`va, ibktasthcfa, ehk kbt phrt bo m`ktarfhke ^ht`lchk. Dhrhg JH^ yhkj tafhm e`mhs`fghk ehr` pakjurhkjhk dhrhg ehr` gbth/ghcuphtak ga pafhcumhk-pafhcumhk tarsacut c`sh e`thkeh` eakjhk whrkh c`ru (ihpt`va) yhkj carhrt` hrah phst` c`sh lakdhe` m`ktarfhkekyh ^ht`lchk, ehk whrkh m`dhu (ibktasthcfa) yhkj carhrt` hrah `k` lhs`m c`sh galukjg`khk lakdhe` racuthk uktug ^ht`lchk ehk gat`jh pafhcumhk tarsacut. Yaehkjghk hcu-hcu (kbt phrt bo m`ktarfhke) suehm dafhs chmwh dhrhg JH^ fac`m dhum ehr` k`fh` tmrasmbfe. Yatafhm e`thkeh` eakjhk whrkh sasuh` eakjhk mhs`f JH^kyh. Lhgh hghk e`ehphtghk mhs`f salakthrh lhkh eharhm yhkj ihpt`va ehk ibktasthcfa. Eharhm yhkj tafhm e`thkeh` ihpt`va (c`ru) ehk ibktasthcfa (m`dhu) c`sh fhkjsukj e`p`shmghk uktug e`f`st ehk e`ihr` JES^ thmuk 3>8=. Mhf `k` hghk cargas`khlcukj cargas`khlcukj eakjhk smaat 9 yhkj carmucukjhk eakjhk ealhke hke obraihst. 9.5.  JE^ tb UAQ Yafhkdutkyh, lakehth JE^ e`sat`hp prbv`ks` e` pufhu dhwh fhfu e`dulfhmghk lakdhe` shtu JE^ e`thmuk yhkj carcaeh. Ehk lakehth dujh trbujmput gat`jh pafhcumhk e` pufhu dhwh yh`tu Uj.^r`bg, Uj.^arhg, Uj.Alhs e`thmuk 3>85 shlph` 3>8= fhfu e`dulfhmghk lakdhe` shtu tmrbujmput e`thmuk yhkj carcaeh. Yatafhm pakehthhk safash` e``s` eakjhk JES^ ga akhl  prbv`ks` ehk tmrbujmput 3>85 shlph` 3>8= e` `s`. Lhgh fhkjghm safhkdutkyh `hfhm lakihr` lakihr` ehth trhksm`plakt gat`jh pafhcumhk sam`kjjh khkt`kyh hghk e`ehpht UAQ par @ES tr`ff`bk. Ehth trhksm`plakt yhkj e`ehpht shfhm shtukyh ehr` pafhcumhk Uj.^r`bg sacashr 33%. Ehth `k` e`ehpht ehr` sulcar car`th ehr` bgazbka.ibl ehk ehth `k` dujh e`eugukj bfam ghghg

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t`kjght ghl` yhkj lakyhrhkghk lalhgh` ehth tarsacut, ghrakh ehth tarsacut vhf`e ehk c`sh e`phgh`. Yam`kjjh mhs`f ehr` JE^ tb UAQ ghl` `hfhm 8,113955 par @ES tr`ff`bk.  Mhs`f tarsacut e`ehpht eakjhk ihrh mhs`f ehr` tmrbujmput 3>8= pufhu Dhwh e`chj` mhs`f JES^ ga akhl prbv`ks` pufhu Dhwh e`thmuk 3>8= ehk e`ghf` 8>>>.

CHC @_ HKHF@Y@Y EHK ^ALHCHMHYHK 5.8.  Ealhke hke Obraihst Hkhf`s`s ehk palchmhshk yhkj hghk e`fhgughk pheh chc `k` hehfhm parm`tukjhk ehr` saj` hsuls`, JES^, UAQ yhkj tafhm e`ehpht e`smaat 8 ehk smaat 3. Fhkjghm yhkj ehpht e`fhgughk e` smaat 9 `k` `hfhm 4 8.  Lalcuht ehth f`st gbth yhkj tarlhsug ihpt`va (c`ru) ehk ibktasthcfa (m`dhu) uktug e`ihr` JES^. 3.  Yatafhm `tu, mhs`f ehr` JES^ e`sat`hp gbth, e`ghf`ghk eakjhk UAQ par @ES tr`ffbk  pufhu Dhwh yhkj tafhm e`mhs`fghk e`smaat 3 yh`tu 8,113955 par @ES tr`ff`bk ehk e`chj` 8>>>. Mhs`f yhkj e`ehpht hghk lakjmhs`fghk UAQ par gbth/ghcuphtak. 9.  Qktug lakihr` UAQ e`thmuk 3>8= sasuh` eakjhk whrkh pbtaks` `hfhm eakjhk lakdulfhmghk saluh mhs`f UAQ sasuh` eakjhk whrkh pbtaks` sam`kjjh mhs`fkyh e`ehpht uktug ihpt`va (c`ru) 9?1.011 ehk ibktasthcfa (m`dhu) 1>:.3::. 5.  Lalcar` prasakthsa hsuls` uktug ihpt`va, ehk ibktasthcfa hphghm hrah tarsacut hghk phst` lakdhe` hrah m`ktarfhke pht`lchk hthu caful phst`. Ghl` lalcar` k`fh` prasakthsa =1% uktug eharhm ihpt`va ehk 1>% uktug eharhm ibktasthcfa ehr` mhs`f ehth yhkj tafhm ghl` mhs`fghk. Hfhshkyh `hfhm 4 - 

Chkyhgkyh sm`pp`kj f`ka suehm taghk gbktrhg yhkj cars`oht fhlh eakjhk  pafhcumhk fh`k. fh`k.

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Caful hehkyh systal gardh pafhyhkhk shtu hthp yhkj lakdhkd`ghk lalcuht sm`pp`kj f`ka gurhkj tarjarhg uktug p`kehm ga ^ht`lchk.

Yulcar 44  www.agbkbl`.c`sk`s.ibl  www.agbkbl`.c`sk`s.ibl 

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-   K`fh` prasakthsa =1% yhkj ghl` car`ghk lakyhthghk lakyhthghk chmwh cacarhph Ghwhshk `keustry caful c`sh fhkjsukj e`k`fh` hghk carp`kehm hthu lakdhe` shfhm shtu chj`hk ehr` m`ktarfhke pafhcumhk ^ht`lchk. -   K`fh` prasakths prasakthsaa 1>% yhkj galukjg`khk hghk lhsug ga m`ktarfhkekyh ^ht`lchk e`ghrakhghk ^ht`lchk lal`f`g` hrah yhkj strhtaj`s ehk m`ktarfhke ibkkait`v`ty yhkj lakeugukj.

Jhlchr 5.8 Hgsas dhfhk tbf ^ht`lchk Yulcar 4 Jbbjfa `lhjas ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk

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^ht`lchk e`gfh`l lhlpu tulcumghk `kvasths` e`ghwhshk `keustry Dhwh Chrht 

Yulcar 4  4 www.tr`cukakaws.ibl www.tr`cukakaws.ibl  

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Gafac`mhk ehr` ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk hehfhm pakj`r`lhk pat` galhs lafhfu` dhfur ehrht fac`m iapht ehr`pheh ^afhcumhk Uhkdukj ^r`bg ghrakh t`kjght galhiathk rakehm saehkjghk gagurhkjhkkyh hehfhm pakj`r`lhk  pat` galhs lafhfu` dhfur fhut fac`m dhum e`chke`kjghk ^afhcumhk Uhkdukj Uhkdukj ^r`bg ghrakh galhiathk yhkj iugup t`kjj`.

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Uhcaf 5.8 C`hyh ehk Dhrhg carchjh` kajhrh ga Uj. ^r`bg ehk ^ht`lchk Yulcar 4 www.tmas`s.`ts.ibl www.tmas`s.`ts.ibl

Jrho`g 5.8U`kjght Galhiathk Yulcar 4 Jbbjfa @lhjas Uj.^r`bg ehk ^ht`lchk

5.3.  ^ht`lchk Obraihst Ealhke Fhkjghm tarhgm`r ehfhl lalobraiast`kj patulcumhk sat`hp thmukkyh e`f`mht ehr`  cacarhph ohitbr ehk dujh parm`tukjhk jrbw rhta yhkj tafhm e`car`ghk ebsak pakjhlpu ^hg Zaj`t. Eakjhk rulus JES^ pufhu Dhwh e`thmuk 3>8= e`chj` JES^ pufhu Dhwh thmuk 3>85 ehk mhs`fkyh e`ghf` ¶ (parm`tukjhk thmuk 3>85-3>8=) fhfu e`gurhkj 8. Mhs`f tarsacut `hfhm 5,3>% uktug jrbw rhtakyh. Uathp` ghl` dujh lakhlchmghk cacarhph ehth yhkj lakdhe`ghk ohitbr jrbw rhta c`sh shdh caruchm. Dhe` t`ehg mhkyh eakjhk mhs`f parm`tukjhk, tathp` dujh eakjhk e`chktu ehth yhkj heh ehk ohituhf. Ohitbr-ohgtbrkyh hkthrh fh`k 4 8.  E` Uhkdukj ^r`bg tarehpht t`jh tarl`khf yhkj lafhyhk` pat` galhs `ktarkhs`bkhf. `ktarkhs`bkhf.

Jrho`g 5.3 ^rbpbs` ^at` Galhs e` Uj.^r`bg Yulcar 4 Jbbjfa @lhjas Uj.^r`bg tarl`khf

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Ehr` jhlchr tarsacut ehpht e`dafhsghk chmwh pat`galhs `ktarkhs`bkhf pheh thmuk 3>8? chkyhg e` fhyhk` e` D@IU yh`tu sacashr :3%, saehkjghk Gbdh mhkyh lakehpht 3?%. ^heh thmuk 3>8? `k` K^IU8 chru lufh` carbparhs`. Yaehkjghk ehfhl palchkjukhkkyh, ^ht`lchk hghk cagardh shlh eakjhk Daphkj , gapal`f`ghk shmhlkyh 18% Daphkj ehk 50% l`f`g @kebkas`h shlh sapart` D@IU. Uhmhp  palchkjukhkkyh  palchkjukh kkyh hghk e`chj` lakdhe` 9 thmhp. Qktug thmhp 8 ohsa 8 hthu dhkjgh  pakeag e`lufh` pheh thmuk 3>8: m`kjjh 3>80, uktug thmhp 8 ohsa 3 pheh thmuk 3>38  ’   3>38 3>38 eakjhk ghphs`ths 8,1 duth UAQs gaehfhlhk -8> FZY saehkjghk pheh thmhp 3 hthu dhkjgh lakakjhm ehk thmhp gat`jh hthu dhkjgh phkdhkj hghk e`lufh` pheh thmuk 3>33 m`kjjh 3>9? ehk 9>3: m`kjjh 3>9? eakjhk ghphs`ths 5,1 duth UAQs, gaehfhlhk -85 FZY ehk safhkdutkyh lakdhe` ? duth UAQs eakjhk gaehfhlhk -8: FZY Ghphs`ths pafhcumhk lakaktughk carhph cashr dulfhm pat`galhs yhkj ehpht e`fhyhk` ch`g shht pat`galhs lhsug lhupuk gafuhr. Ghphs`ths Uhkdukj ^r`bg 10 hehfhm 1 duth UAQs ehk lakjhfhl` pakhlchmhk ehr` tarl`khf Ghf`chru sacashr :,1  duth UAQs sam`kjjh tbthf tbthf ghphs`thskyh lakdhe` lakdhe` 88,1 duth UAQs. Yaehkjghk Yaehkjghk ^ht`lchk  pheh thmhp 8 lal`f`g` ghphs`ths sacashr 8 duth UAQs ehk hghk tarus cargalchkj cargalchkj sam`kjjh e` thmuk 3>9? hghk lal`f`g` ghphs`ths sacashr :,1 duth UAQs. 3.  @keustr` e` w`fhyhm Dhwh Chrht Uhkdukj ^r`bg lal`f`g` cacarhph w`fhyhm `keustr` uktug lafhgughk pakj`r`lhk pakj`r`lhk ehk  pakar`lhhk pat`galhs sat`hp thmukkyh 4

Jhlchr 5.3 @keustr` e`w`fhyhm Dhwh Chrht Yulcar 4 S@^K ^ht`lchk 3>8:

Carehshrghk gatarhkjhk jhlchr e`hths, `keustr` yhkj e`fhyhk` bfam ^afhcumhk thkdukj ^r`bg hehfhm parushmhhk pakjalchkj `keustr` sapart` ^U. Ghwhshk @keustr` Dhchcagh yhkj tarfathg e` Caghs` ehk eharhm fh`kyh. Yaehkjghk `keustr` yhkj carheh e` e`sag`thr ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk dhum fac`m sae`g`t yh`tu4

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Jhlchr 5.9 @keustr` e` ^ht`lchk Yulcar 4 S@^K ^ht`lchk 3>8:

Car`gut hehfhm prbpbrs` gafuhr ehk lhsugkyh pat`galhs ehr` `keustr`-`keustr` e` sag`thr Dhghrth ehk Dhwh Chrht 4

Jrho`g 5.9 ^rbpbs` pat` galhs ehr` `keustry sag`thr

Ehr` ehth tarsacut lakukdugghk chmwh w`fhyhm `keustr` tacashr ehfhl pakj`r`lhk ehk pakar`lhhk pat`galhs hehfhm eharhm Ghrhwhkj yh`tu sacashr 91%, e`fhkdutghk bfam Caghs` sacashr 31% ehk yhkj phf`kj gai`f hehfhm @kerhlhyu yh`tu 1%. Ehk ehr` saj` dhrhg Ghrhwhkj, Caghs`, ehk eharhm fh`kyh fac`m eaght eakjhk ^ht`lchk. Yafh`k `tu hgsas dhfhk tbf dujh suehm lakeugukj. Ohgtbr `k` shkjht lalukjg`kghk hehkyh jrbw rhta yhkj ch`g uktug e`sat`hp thmukyh e`ghrakhghk Uj.^r`bg yhkj lafac`m`  prbpbrs`kyh. 5.9.  Jrbw Shta Jrbw rhta yhkj g`th hlc`f `hfhm 1% laf`mht ehr` mhs`f m`tukjhk ehk ohgtbr-ohgtbr yhkj tafhm ghl` taf`t` ehk ehth. Eakjhk mhs`f jrbw rhta lhgh lakjhf`ghk vbfula thmuk sacafulkyh eakjhk jrbwtm rhta ehk e`thlchm eakjhk vbfula thmuk fhfu dujh.

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CHC _ ^AKQUQ^ 1.8.  Gas`lpufhk Ehr` mhs`f hkhf`s`s ehth-ehth ehk palchmhshk e`hths, tafhm ghl` dafhsghk lufh` ehr`  pakjulpufhk ehth lakj`eakt`o`ghs` lakj`eakt`o`ghs` dhrhg ehr` ^ht`lchk ga gbth/ghcuphtak e` pufhu dhwh, k`fh` truig`kj ehk shv`kj ibst, M`ktarfhe Ihtajbry, JE^ tb UAQ Ibkvars`bk, Ealhke hke Obraihst sarth Jrbw Shta ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk. Ehr` mhs`f palchmhshk ehpht ghl` s`lpufghk chmwh w`fhyhm ihpt`va ehk ibktasthcfa ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk ^ht`lchk lakihph lakihph`` k`fh` yhkj iugup. Ghrakh caful c`sh lalhst`ghk lalhst`ghk ghfhu suhtu ghwhshk `keustr` hghk hghk lakdhe` chj`hk pakum ehr` m`ktarfhke m`ktarfhke e` ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk. ^ht`lchk. Ehk  c`sh shdh Ghwhshk Ghwhshk `keustry fh`k suehm lalcuh gbktrhg eakjhk ^afhcumhk fh`k. Uhp` saluh `tu t`ehg lakutup galukjg`khk uktug c`sh lhsug ga m`ktarfhke ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk. Ghrakh ehth tarsacut laruphghk ehth obraihst salhth yhkj laruphghk hsuls` yhkj e`eugukj ehth ehk gakyhthhk yhkj heh, lhgh palchkjukhk ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk dujh mhrus e``lchkj` eakjhk ghphs`ths pafhcumhk yhkj ehpht lakhlpukj chkyhgkyh dulfhm pat` galhs, ohs`f`ths pafhcumhk yhkj fakjghp ehk lalheh`, Ohs`f`ths ^afhcumhk sapart` parhfhthk  cbkjghr luht, Uarl`khf gblbe`t` gmusus (^at`galhs/Ih`r/Iurhm), (^at`galhs/Ih`r/Iurhm), Juehkj, Fhphkjhk ^akulpughk, Ohs`f`ths Ym`ppar/^al`f`g Chrhkj/^afhyhrhk/Obrwhrear yhkj ch`g, hgsas dhfhk yhkj lakeugukj sarth ihrjb mhkef`kj ibst yhkj lurhm ehk tardhkjghu. ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk dujh laruphghk suhtu prbyag yhkj strhtaj`s yhkj ehpht lakukdhkj partulcumhk `kvasths` pat` galhs e`ghwhshk `keustr` e` Dhwh Chrht. Ehr` ehth yhkj e`ehpht dujh e`dafhsghk chmwh ehfhl palchkjukhk pafhcumhk  pht`lchk, pht`lchk hghk cagardhshlh cagardhshlh eakjhk daphkj, eakjhk 50% shmhl gapal`f`ghk @kebkas`h. eakjhk caj`tu t`ehg lakutup galukjg`khk ghfhu pafhcumhk pht`lchk hghk lakdhe` prbyag strhtaj`s `ktarkhs`bkhf. Ehk

ghrakh

w`fhyhm

`keustr`

pafhcumhk

Uj.^r`bg

lafac`m`

prbpbrs`.

@k`

lakjhg`chtghk jrbw rhta yhkj ch`g uktug ^ht`lchk. Ehk eakjhk hrah ^ht`lchk yhkj strhtaj`s dujh m`ktarfhke ibkkait`v`ty yhkj lakeugukj, taktukyh mhf `tu mhrus e`lhkohhtghk sach`g lukjg`k hjhr pakjhehhk pafhcumhk `k` ehpht lalcar`ghk lhkohht chj`  paragbkbl`hk  paragbkbl`h k eharhm tarsacut tarsacut chmghk kajhrh kajhrh @kebkas`h ehk shlph` shlph` ga Lhkihkajhrh. Lhkihkajhrh.

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Yhrhk 4 Qktug ehpht fac`m carsh`kj eakjhk ^afhcumhk fh`kkyh, ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk mhrus heh  pak`kjghthk m`ktarfhke ibkkait`v`ty, g`kardh ehk prbeugt`v`ths mhrus fac`m t`kjj` ehr` ^afhcumhk fh`k. Ohs`f`ths ^afhcumhk mhrus fac`m fakjghp ehk lalheh`, t`ehg hehkyh Ewaff`kj U`la, lalcuht Gardhshlh hthu gbktrhg eakjhk pakjushmh hthu parushmhhk pafhyhrhk uktug lakdhe` fhkjjhkhk ghwhshk `keustry ehk lalchkjuk Ghwhshk `keustry fhkjsukj e`cafhghkj ^afhcumhk eakjhkghwhshk `keustry yhkj lal`f`g` Juehkj hthu fhphkjhk  pakulpughk ehk lal`f`g` fhkjjhkhk Ghwhshk `keustry, dujh lakdhe`ghk ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk sachjh` ^afhcumhk trhksm`plakt uktug ^afhcumhk fh`k ehk lalcar`ghk thr`o hthu ihrjb mhkef`kj ibst yhkj fac`m tardhkjghu e`chke`kjghk ^afhcumhk yhkj fh`k.

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EHOUHS ^QYUHGH mttps4//agbkbl`.c`sk`s.ibl/rahe/3>3>883>/31:/893>9 /rahe/3>3>883>/31:/893>9:0/heh-pht`lchk-galakpar :0/heh-pht`lchk-galakpar`k-e`l`kth`k-e`l`kthmttps4//agbkbl`.c`sk`s.ibl  dhjh-`keustr`-hjhr-thg-p`kehm-fhj`-ga-dhtakj  dhjh-`keustr`-hjhr-thg-p`keh m-fhj`-ga-dhtakj   mttps4//www.tr`cukkaws.ib mttps4//www.tr`cukkaws.ibl/c`sk`s/3>38/>8/>=/pafhcumh l/c`sk`s/3>38/>8/>=/pafhcumhk-pht`lchk-e`gfh`l-lhl k-pht`lchk-e`gfh`l-lhlpu-tulcumghkpu-tulcumghk`kvasths`-e`-ghwhshk-`keustr`-dhwh-chrht   mttps4//lbkay.gblphs.ibl mttps4//lbkay.gblphs.ibl/rahe/3>3>/83/3>/3>351= /rahe/3>3>/83/3>/3>351=13?/lakjakhf-pafhcumhk-pht`l 13?/lakjakhf-pafhcumhk-pht`lchkchklajhprbyag-dbgbw`-pash`kj-thkdukj pr`bg2phja^ht`lc %3>^afhcumhk%3>^ht`lchk%3>e`mhrhp hk%3>e`mhrhp ghk,lakeugukj%3>paragbkbl`hk%3>raj`bkhf%3>eh ghk,lakeugukj%3>paragb kbl`hk%3>raj`bkhf%3>ehk%3>khs`bkhf k%3>khs`bkhf..   Hrus ^at`galhs e` Uhkdukj ^arhg Ualcus Uhrjat Uhrjat (thcfb`elhr`t`l.ibl)  (thcfb`elhr`t`l.ibl)  ^bwar^b`kt ^rasaktht`bk (`ts.hi.`e) (`ts.hi.`e)   Uhg ^arfu Carsh`kj, ^afhcumhk ^ht`lchk ehk Uhkdukj ^r`bg Mhrus Gbfhcbrhs` - C`sk`s  F`puthk?.ibl    F`puthk?.ibl Aibkbly  Yacaful ga Hlar`gh, @k` Suta Ghphf Shgshsh yhkj Carshkehr e` ^r`bg 4 Bgazbka Aibkbly 

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