JSA - Job Safety Analysis

 

JSA – Job Safety Analysis Training Session

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Aim of this JSA Training

 

The aim of this training is to enable you to efficiently and effectively perform a JSA on any task in the workplace.

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Introduction • This session is designed to help you: – Understand your responsibilities for working Safely – Understand what a JSA is – The use of Job Safety Analysis sheets – Understand why we need to use them – Location of completed JSA documents

• References: – PNG Mining (Safety) Act, Chapter 195A – PJV Loss Control & Environment Management System and Standards – Duty of Care

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Objectives • You will have a better understanding of:

– The company policy regarding safety – The Legal requirements, regulations and codes of practice, Country Law and Mining Act. – Duty of care – Your rights and responsibilities – Basic steps of doing a JSA • How to identify the steps of the job • How to assess identified hazards • Calculate the level of risk • How to identify suitable controls and implement those controls – Location and filing of Department JSA’s

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What is a Job Safety Analysis (JSA)?  A Job Safety Analysis is the sequential step by step breakdown of a job, the identification of hazards associated with each step and the controls used to minimize the risk to employees, equipment and environment

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Why do a JSA?

PORGERA JOINT VENTURE

• To prevent accidents by using a structured approach to day to day jobs/tasks • To safely introduce new equipment, tools, chemicals into the workplace • For infrequent tasks where no SOP is in place • Where a Procedure does not provide adequate protection and/or there is no procedure • Previous incidents have occurred or the operator has raised a concern • To satisfy the company’s commitment to Safety and Legal compliance

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Duty of Care - Employer

PORGERA JOINT VENTURE

• The employer (PJV) must ensure that, soisfar as is reasonable & practicable, the employee safe from risk to health while at work • In particular the Employer must provide: • A safe working environment & safe system of work • Plant and substances in a safe s afe condition • Facilities for the welfare of employees at his workplace • Any information, instruction, training and supervision necessary to ensure that each employee is safe from risk to health • It is 195A an offence Act Sectionto5.breach the P.N.G. Mining Safety

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Duty of Care - Employee • An employee (You) must comply with the rules, procedures & instructions imposed by the employer, except: except: – if the employee deems a situation to be unsafe, it is then his or her responsibility to alert their supervisor of the concern. • It is an offence to breach breac h the P.N.G. Mining Safety Act 195A Section 5.

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Hazard Management

Hazards Identification

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Hazard: What is a Hazard • A hazard is a source of danger, which can be defined as “a condition or situation that exists in the work environment that could result in physical harm, injury and/or damage”.

Simple Version:  

Anything or any condition which can cause injury to personnel, harm or damage to property or environment. 

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Identifying Hazards To identify hazards we need to recognize that hazards can be: • obvious; • hidden; or • developing

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Identifying Hazard Three Questions enable hazard identification: •  Is there a source of harm •  Who or what could be harmed •  How could harm occur Physical •

Noise •Heat •Electricity

Mechanical

•Unguarded Machinery •Over exertion

Chemical • X-Rays Radiation •Microwaves •Ultraviolet

Biological •Bacterial •Infections

•Gases Liquids •Fumes

Psychological •Shift Work • •Workload Harassment •Discrimination

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Identifying Hazard There are various tools and strategies that can be used to identify hazards,  

Pre Start Checklists Planned General Inspections(274,281) Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDS Sheets(MSDS)) Safe Work Procedures Manufactures Instructions Employees Knowledge & Experience We Care Inspections JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

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How to do a Job Safety Analysis (JSA)? There are five steps to steps to a JSA. 1.  

Break the job up into logical, sequential steps or operations. 2.   Identify any potential incidents or hazards for each step.

3.

Calculate the risk

4.

Identify a suitable control.

5.  

Calculate the residual risk

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How To Fill out the JSA Sheet • • •

Complete thesteps header information List the task in job order. for each job. Identify the hazards for each step. Example: If the job requires the use of chemicals (cleaning agents etc) or you will be working on equipment associated with chemicals (cyanide pump etc), a MSDS sheet must be produced for that chemical, hazards identified identified from it and then transfer onto the JSA so controls can be implemented.

• • • • •

Review the Likelihood, Consequence and calculate Risk associated with each step. Identify and implement controls to reduce risk to employee’s, equipment & environment. Supervisors to review the JSA. The supervisor or independent / competent (with specialist skills) person to review JSA before the work commences. Monitor and review the work against the t he JSA to ensure sequence and controls are maintained.

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The JSA Sheet - Steps 1 & 2 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)  

PORGERA

 

JOINT VENTURE

Job Description: Analysis: Supervisor's Signature Reviewed by:

No

Task Steps

Department: Section: Equipment No:

Date: Date: Date:

Hazards Identified

Us Use e Risk Risk Calculator to estimate and calculate Li kelihood, Consequence and Risk

Spv to approve      d     o     o      h         i      l      k      i      L

    e     c     n     e     u     q        e     s     n     o       C

Recommended Controls

     k     s      i      R

Step 1 - Task  Step 2 - Hazards

Persons Resp

Spv to approve      d     o     o      h         i      l      k      i      L

    e     c     n     e     u      k     s     q    -      i     e      R     s     n     o       C

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The JSA Sheet Required as an SOP: Yes / No JSA review comments:

Generic Hazard Categories: Pe rsona l Prote Conta ct W i th   Equipm e nt * Ey es & Fac e * S triking agains t * Ears * S truc k By * Feet & Legs * Caught Between * Respirat ory * Falling from height * Trunk * Temp. Ex tremes * Hands & Arms * E lect ric al Current * Inadequate * Dust /c hemicals * Unavailable * Radiat or * Not us ed * Fire/ex plos ion

Forward identified hazards to Your Immediate Supervisor.

Ove rstre ss/ Condi ti ons *Pos tures/position/ s training * Load Handling * W ork Area Design * Tools & Grips * Vibrations * Temperature * Lighting * Ventilation * Work demands * Hazardous environment

1/8/ 2000 8/24/2003

* * * * * * *

House ke e pi ng

Right tool for Job Us ed Correc tly In Safe Condition Defective equipment Safety devic es Inc orrect st orage Guarding

* Is work plac e orderly ? * Housek eeping * Congest ion

 Are there any changes required required to this sheet to make it more effectiv effective? e? If yes, specify

Created on: Las t updated:

Pl a nt a nd S ubsta nce

YE S [_]

NO [_]

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Risk Management

Risk Identification

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Risks Risk is normally as consequences a score or waythat to prioritize the likelihood likelihoo d of thedefined effect or hazards may result in. PJV uses a risk calculator that uses five levels of likelihood and five levels of consequence. These result in four risk scores: •Low Low:: Pro Proce cedur dures es tto o be in p plac lace e •Mo Mode dera rate te:: Ha Haza zarrd tto ob be e ffix ixed ed in 7 d day ayss •High: Hazard tto o be fix fixed ed in 3 days •Extr tre eme: Im Imme med dia iatte a ac ctio ion na an nd ffiixed iin n 1 da day y A risk is “too great” if it the risk is assessed as being in the   “Extreme” category. The job must stop until the risk is removed or controlled.

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The JSA Sheet - Step 3 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)  

PORGERA

 

JOINT VENTURE

Job Descr iption: Analysis: Supervisor 's Signature Reviewed by:

Depar tment: Section: Equipment No:

Date: Date: Date:

Us Use e Risk Risk Calculator to estimate and calculate Like lihood, Consequence and Risk

Spv to approve

No

Task Steps

Haz ar ds Identified

Step 3 - Risk 

     d     o     o      h         i      l      k      i      L

    e     c     n     e     u     q        e     s     n     o       C

Spv to approve

Recommended Controls      k     s      i      R

Persons Resp

     d     o     o      h         i      l      k      i      L

    e     c     n     e     u      k     s     q    -      i     e      R     s     n     o       C

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Identifying Risk How Big is the Risk In assessing the risk there are three factors that factors that are important: • Probability • Consequence • Degree of Exposure

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Identifying Risk Probability What is the probability of the hazard leading to an incident and potential injury to personnel or damage to equipment or environment..

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Identifying Risk Consequence What are the consequences if the hazard is not controlled and results in an injury / damage.

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Identifying Risk Degree of Exposure •  How long is the exposure •  How often is the employee employee exposed

Are you exposed to a hazardous situation?

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Risk Calculator Use the round to determine th e level the ofdetermine risks presented in risk this calculator particular hazard identified and to what the residual risk is after control have been put in place.

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Risk Calculator Likelihood Rare

 

1 Insignificant

2 Minor

Consequence 3 Moderate

L1

L2

M3

H4

H5

1

4 Major

5 Catastrophic

Unlikely   2

 

L2

L3

M4

H5

E6

Possible

3

 

L3

M4

H5

E6

E7

Likely

4

 

M4

H5

H6

E7

E8

Almost Certain   5

 

H5

H6

E7

E8

E9

E: Extreme

risk

immediate action required

H: High

risk, senior 

management attention needed

M: Moderate

risk;

management responsibility must be defined

L: Low

risk, manage by

routine procedures

A Risk relates to exposure to the danger and is defined as “thefrom probability of any injury or loss occurring that hazard”.

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The JSA Sheet - Step 4 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)  

PORGERA

 

JOINT VENTURE

Job Description: Analysis: Supervisor's Signature Reviewed by:

No

Task Steps

Department: Section: Equipment No:

Date: Date: Date:

Hazards Identified

Us Use e Risk Risk Calculator to estimate and calculate Li kelihood, Consequence and Risk

Spv to approve      d     o     o      h         i      l      k      i      L

    e     c     n     e     u     q        e     s     n     o       C

     k     s      i      R

Controls   Step 4 - Controls

Recommended Controls

Persons Resp

Spv to approve      d     o     o      h         i      l      k      i      L

    e     c     n     e     u      k     s     q    -      i     e      R     s     n     o       C

Step 5 - Residual Risk 

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Hierarchy of Controls • The Hierarchy of Control is a listing of control measures ranked in order of effectiveness. • Once the hazard is identified and the risk assessed the hierarchy of controls can be applied to determine the most appropriate control  

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Hierarchy of Controls THE HEIRARCHY OF CONTROLS  

Elimination Substitution Engineering Administrative Personal Protective Equipment

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Hierarchy of Controls THE HEIRARCHY OF CONTROLS   The idea is to use the control measures at the top in preference to those further down.

Hazard control will often require a combination of control measures. The controls chosen will depend on the hazard identified and the risk assessed for each work situation.

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Applying The Hierarchy of Controls

ELIMINATION Discarding of any chemicals that areby nodates. longer  used in a process or past their used

Removing or correctly storing items that had become obstacles in corridors or exits.

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Applying The Hierarchy of Controls

SUBSTITUTION   Substituting a spray painting process with

a dipping process to reduce the emission of vapors. Replacing a petrol driven forklift with an electrical forklift (used in confined spaces) to remove the problem of carbon monoxide build up.

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Applying The Hierarchy of Controls

ENGINEERING - (isolation)   Enclosing the operator/machine in a “noise” proof booth or control room.

  Use of “No Entry” warning signs.   Remote storage of hazardous material.

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Applying The Hierarchy of Controls

ENGINEERING - cont. Installing a ventilation system to extract fumes. Machine guarding. Installing vibration dampners to a noisy machine.

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Applying The Hierarchy of Controls ADMINISTRATIVE  

Work procedures outlining teamwork for manual handling.

Maintaining housekeeping to an acceptable standard. Training employees about a new piece of equipment.

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Applying The Hierarchy of Controls PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT   Using hearing protection in a noisy environment. Wearing goggles when pouring chemicals or breathing apparatus in the event of a gas leak.

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Responsibilities

Responsibilities of the Supervisor and the Tradesperson / Operator

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Supervisor’s Responsibilities • The hazards and risk associated with each step of the task must be assessed and addressed • Ensure controls are put in place and the Tradesperson / Operator understands and complies to them • The supervisor must review & approve the completed JSA • The must ensure the Tradesperson / Operator understands whatsupervisor is required of him.  

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Tradesperson Responsibilities • Understand the hazards and risks associated with each step of the task • Ensure controls are put in place and you understand and comply to them. • The Trades person / Operator understands what is required of him. • If for some reason you are unsure or unhappy about any risk then – Call on your immediate supervisor to look at the task. – If the risk is too great then the job shall not be done until a full risk assessment has been completed. – All risks have been addressed to your satisfaction.

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Group Activity 1 Your Task In groups, identify and document a list of hazards in your work   environment.

Hint Use situations you are familiar wi with. th. Think of near misse missess or incidents Time You have ten minutes of working time.

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Group Activity 2 Your Task In groups, using your list of identified hazards, rate   the risk of two hazards and document your recommended controls. (use your Risk Calculator)

Hint Refer back to information given to you earlier today. Time You have 10 minute of working time.

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MAIN PITFALLS WHEN DEVELOPING JSA’S

There are several traps people often fall into when   developing a JSA. Some of the main ones include: •  Describing the job in to much detail;

•  Describing the job step in too little detail; •  Faili  Failing ng to identify all the high risk hazards; •  Failing to identify actions that could cause a serious accident; •  Not stating appropriate control measures e.g.. Practical, cost effective, etc; •  Cluttering the JSA with trivia.

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JSA DATABASE • Show and explain JSA database. (Briefly)

JSA D-Base D-Base 2.1.3.cmms.lnk  2.1.3 .cmms.lnk 

• View samples of existing JSA’s in CMMS Database.

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JSA ASSESSMENT

 

JSA REVIEW ASSESSMENT SHEET

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Have a Safe Day