Jhakendra Stha REVISED

Structural Analysis & Design Report

A STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT OF THE PROPOSED BUILDING OF RESIDENTIAL

0

Structural Analysis & Design Report

OWNER:

Mr. Jhakendra Bahadur Shrestha

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Structural Analysis & Design Report

SUBMITTED TO:

Dharan Sub-Metropolitan city, Sunsari TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN This report comprises the summary of the residential building Mr. Jhakendra Bahadur Shrestha Dharan-16 Sunsari Nepal. The reports consist of the design procedures adopted, the assumptions made, the inputs made in the design and the design output. During the design, it is assumed that the client will completely follow the architectural as well as the structural design. It is also assumed that the construction will be supervised by professional engineer.

The designer will not be responsible if any alterations to the structural system is made by the client or the contractor without the prior written permission from the designer, or the alterations to non-structural system is made such that the weight of each individual floor or the weight of the whole building is altered by more than 10% of design weight of each floor and the total weight.

The design calculations and derivations are limited to only a minimum to let the concerned people know the methodology adopted. However, the calculations may be provided to the client or concerned authorities when needed, upon request. Hence the building is safe.

Designer Er. Rabin Bhattarai Earthquake Engineer (M.E) Council No: 4944. “Civil” A

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Structural Analysis & Design Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.N. Title

Page No.

1

Introduction

1

2

Salient features

1

3

Design Approach and Methodology

3

4

Preliminary Design

6

5

Final Analysis

7

6

Design Methodology

8

7

Analysis Output

10

8

Design of Members

16

Structural Analysis & Design Report

1.0 Background This report summarizes structural analysis and design of the Residential building for Dharan Sub-Metro politician City. The analysis and design has been based on the prevailing codes that are in practice in Nepal, the National Building Code of Nepal and the IS codes at places.

2.0 Salient Features 2.1 Project Information: Owner

:

Mr. Jhakendra Bahadur Shrestha

Building Type

:

Residential Building

Location

:

Dharan-11

Plot no.

:

Land Area

:

Plinth Area

:

2.2 Building Features: Type of Structure:

RCC Framed Structure

Storey:

2 storey

Storey Height:

3.175m

Total Height:

6.35 m

2.3 Site Condition: Soil Type:

III (for seismic consideration as per NBC 105)

Seismic Zone Factor:

1.0

Safe Bearing Capacity:

150 KN/m2 (assumed)

1

Structural Analysis & Design Report 2.4 Material Specification: Considering Architectural, Economic and strength demands reinforced cement concrete (RCC) is used as the major structural material. The selected material also confirms the availability and ease in construction. The concrete grade used is M20 as per Indian Standard Specification. This material provides minimum grade of structural concrete and favorable for easy production and quality control as well. Fe 500 is provided as longitudinal and shear reinforcing in Beams, Columns, foundations, and slabs wherever RCC is used. Considerations of material for loading and strength parameter are as detailed below: Structural Components: Concrete: Grade:

M20

Characteristic Compressive Strength:

20 N/mm2

Unit Weight:

25.0 KN/m3

Young’s Modulus of Elasticity (E):

= 5000  fck N/mm2 ≈ 22360680 KN/m2 (for M20)

Steel Reinforcement: Grade:

Fe 500 (for both longitudinal and shear reinforcement)

Non-Structural Components: Brick wall: Unit Weight:

18.85 KN/m3

Strength:

Not Available

Finishing: Plaster: Unit Weight:

20.4 KN/m3

Flooring:

Screed + Punning

Unit Weight per meter:

1.2 KN/m2

2

Structural Analysis & Design Report 2.5 Loading Details Number of Storey Loading in General

2 Storey Structural Self Weight

(Gravity loads)

Live Load for residential services

Panel walls

Dead load of finishing materials for floor 250mm & 125mm thick brick walls without openings

Partition walls Parapet walls Live Load Lateral Loading

125mm thick brick walls with 30% openings 125mm thick (half brick) walls with 30 & 20% openings 125 mm thick (half brick) wall height 0.8m As per IS 875 Part II As per NBC 105:1994

 The loads distributed over the area are imposed on area element and that distributed over length are imposed on line element whenever possible.  Where such facility is not feasible, equivalent conversion to different loading distribution is carried to load the Model near the real case as far as possible.  For lateral load, necessary calculations were performed and checked using NBC 105: 1994 for response spectrum method.  Different load combinations based on Nepal National Codes are developed and used for design purposes. Load Combinations: The load combinations are based on NBC 105: 1994 Static Load Combination: 1.5 DL + 1.5 LL Seismic Load Combinations: 1.0 DL + 1.3 LL 1.25 EQ 0.9 DL  1.25 EQ For seismic loading, mass equivalent to the load that composed of 100% of Dead load and 25% of Live load is taken into consideration. The Earthquake lateral loads were used in the combination from the Self-Generated Load on the Seismic coefficient Method. Modal analysis is carried out using FEM Based three dimensional analyses.

3.0 Design Approach and Methodology: 3.1 Introduction 3

Structural Analysis & Design Report The structure is analyzed for full Finite Element. Beams and columns modeled as frame (line) elements with five and three internal stations. All floor slabs are modeled as Shell (Area) elements with sufficient and appropriate meshing. Modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio for used material i.e. M20 grade concrete (as per Indian Specification) are taken accordingly and section properties used are based on Preliminary section sizing with consideration for deflection, minimum size specified and serviceability. Computation for stiffness as a whole is carried out using FEM based latest software. Full Modal Analysis is carried out up to twelve modes confirming more than 95 % seismic mass participation and it is applied for lateral seismic force distribution that generated with NBC 105 based Spectral Function for Soil Type-III. For Section Design and Check, suitable Load combinations as suggested in NBC105:1994 and if not covered in that, IS 1893- 2002 is referred with consideration of Envelopes of internal Forces developed. Foundation design is carried out to satisfy strength and stability requirements. 3.2 Software used: (Introduction to Analysis software) The analysis for the structural system was carried out using ETABS 2016 ver 16.0.0 is a product of computers and structures Inc, Berkeley. It is a FEM based software having facility of RC Design based on IS-456:2000 3.3 Structural Performance: Structural response under limit state of serviceability is thoroughly checked. The force and stiffness relationship resulting the deflection under various load cases and combined action of forces are duly evaluated. Basically short-term elastic deflection due to vertical loads and lateral deflection due to seismic forces are of major importance along with the long-term deflection of beam elements under sustained loading condition due to shrinkage and creep are also taken into account.

3.4 Deformation under Vertical Loads:

4

Structural Analysis & Design Report Maximum vertical deflection in all components that resulted under vertical load of combined effect of self, imposed dead and live load are checked for every element and maintained to be within permissible limit. Short-term elastic deflection and long-term deflection due to shrinkage and creep due to sustained loads also are maintained within permissible limits for all the elements. 3.5 Deformation under Lateral Loads: Effect of lateral load due to seismic force is analyzed using self-generated seismic load compatible with Codal provision. The distribution of lateral force at different parts of the structure is done based on the response under unit force. Using Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC) method of modal combination combines the deformations, and related forces reported. 3.6 Recommendations: The following recommendations are made: 

Materials used shall confirm minimum standard specified before use. Primarily the cement, aggregate, sand and steel shall be used that confirms to NS or IS standard.



Batching, mixing, placing and curing of concrete and steel fabrication and placing shall be done as per standard practice.



5

Construction safety shall be well planned and implemented.

Structural Analysis & Design Report

4.0 Preliminary Design The Preliminary Design was done using the prevailing thumb rules and span consideration. Slab: The slab is designed based on IS456:2000. The slab is designed to meet the deflection criteria for the slab. Beam: The beam is designed based on IS456:2000. The slab is preliminarily designed to meet the deflection criteria as well as the moment requirements for the span. Column: The column is preliminarily designed to meet the stiffness criteria for the building. Staircase: The staircase is designed to satisfy the moment requirement as well as the deflection criteria. The sizes of the structural components are as given below: Sizes of Structural Components: Slab:

5” thick RCC (M20) Slab

Beam:

Rectangular Beams size-

Column:

Square size-

Staircase:

5” thick

6

10” X 15” , 10”X12” (BXD) 12”X 12” (HXB)

Structural Analysis & Design Report

5.0 Final Analysis 5.1 Load Calculations: Refer Table: Load Intensity of Building Components Live Load:

2.0 KN/m2 (for all rooms)

Live Load:

3 KN/m2 (for staircases and lobbies)

Roof Live Load:

1.5 KN/m2 (for roof accessible), 0.75 KN/m2 (for roof inaccessible)

5.2 Seismic Lump Load: Seismic weight: Comprises Dead Load+ 25% of Live Load (as per IS Code for live load intensity  3 KN/m2) Seismic wt. at ith floor level (W I) = (Total dead load of all components i.e. Beam, Slab, Columns And Walls for ½ height above and ½ height below the floor level + 25% of live load) n

Total Weight of the frame, W=  Wi

Where, n = total number of storey

I=1

Seismic Wt. of Building W = 2211.21 KN Base Shear Calculation: As Per NBC 105: Total Horizontal Base Shear V= Cd  W Where, Cd = CZIK Where, Basic Shear Factor (C)

= According to time period of vibration and Soil type

Seismic Zoning Factor (Z) = For Dharan Importance Factor (I)

= According to the type of building

Performance Factor (K)

= for the moment resisting frame

Distribution of design seismic force: Fi = Design Seismic Force at floor Level I Wi = seismic wt. at ith floor level hi = height of floor i measured from base According to NBC 105:1994 Height of building (h) = 6.35 m Soil type = III Time period (T) = 0.06  H0.75 7

Structural Analysis & Design Report = 0.240012 Sec C = 0.08

(from Fig 8.1 of NBC105:1994)

Z = 1.00

(for Dharan, Fig 8.2 of NBC105:1994)

I = 1.0

(for Residential Bldg., Table 8.1 of NBC105:1994)

K = 1.00

(for Ductile Moment resisting Frame, Table 8.2 of NBC105:1994)

Cd = CZIK = 0.08 Total Horizontal Base shear Vx = Vy = 0.08*2211.21 Total Horizontal Base shear Vx = Vy = 176.90 KN

5.3 Load Cases: Dead : Self Weight of the building structural components (Beams, columns and slabs) Finish : Weight of the finishing of the slabs as well as staircases (including steps). Wall

: Wall loads (inclusive of plaster)

Live

: Live load in the building area elements.

Rlive : Live load in the terraces both accessible and inaccessible (not including in seismic behaviour) EQX : Spectral Seismic Load in X – Direction EQY : Spectral Seismic Load in Y – Direction 5.4 Load Combination: DL = 1.5Dead + 1.5Finish + 1.5 Wall + 1.5 Rlive + 1.5Live DQX = 0.9 Dead + 0.9 Wall + 0.9 Finish ± 1.25 EQX DQY = 0.9 Dead + 0.9 Wall + 0.9 Finish ± 1.25 EQY DLEQX = 1.0 Dead + 1.0Wall + 1.0 Finish + 1.3 Live ± 1.25 EQX DLEQY= 1.0 Dead + 1.0 Wall + 1.0 Finish + 1.3 Live ± 1.25 EQY

6.0 Design of Structural Members 8

Structural Analysis & Design Report 6.1 Design Assumptions: Foundation The Safe Bearing Capacity (SBC) of the soil is taken to be 150 KN/m 2. The depth of the foundation is taken as 1.67 m. It is assumed that the soil below is converted to a firm base by sufficient compaction through any convenient means or as directed by the site engineer. Beam: The beams are assumed to be rectangular. The preliminary design of the beam is carried out considering the deflection criteria as well as the loading condition. Slab: The longest span slab is designed and for uniformity in construction, all the slabs are detailed according to the designed slab. The slab is designed based on IS 456:2000, for adjacent edge discontinuous. However during detailing, the torsion in the free edges is considered. 6.2 Design Methodology: The design of beams and columns that are the structural components in the building are carried out using the results and analysis for critical responses and also checking with manual calculations is carried out. The design of the foundation is carried out based on the base reactions as obtained from the software with necessary adjustments. The design of slabs and staircases are carried out based on the prevailing design practices, following the codal provisions. 6.2 Calculation of Wall Loads. The calculations of the loads are given in the following tables: Load Intensity of Wall 10”Thickness of wall Full wall intensity =15.0 KN/M 20% opening Wall intensity =12.0KN/M 30% opening Wall intensity =10.5KN/M 5”Thickness of wall Full wall intensity =7.50 KN/M 9

Structural Analysis & Design Report 20% opening Wall intensity =6.0 KN/M 30% opening Wall intensity =5.2 KN/M Parapet 5”wall Parapet wall =2.2KN/M

7.0 ANALYSIS OUTPUT 10

Structural Analysis & Design Report Result from Structural models and analysis 3D Model of the Building

11

Structural Analysis & Design Report

JOINT REACTIONS

12

Structural Analysis & Design Report Design Plan (Ground Floor)

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Structural Analysis & Design Report Design Plan (First Floor)

14

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Shear Force Diagram (Sample only)

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Structural Analysis & Design Report

Axial Force Diagram (Sample only)

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Structural Analysis & Design Report

Bending Moment Diagram (Sample only)

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Structural Analysis & Design Report

8.0 Design of Members Design of Beams and Columns The design of beams and columns are done from the software itself. However, it is to be notified that the limitations of the design by the software have been evaluated and the adjustments have been made accordingly. The samples (summary) of the design through the software based on IS456: 2000 has been presented hereunder. Output for the Reinforcement Area (Beams and Columns)

Grid -1

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Structural Analysis & Design Report

Grid –2

19

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Grid –3

20

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Grid –A

21

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Grid-B

22

Structural Analysis & Design Report

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design IS 456:2000 Column Section Design

Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary) Level

Element

Unique Name

Section ID

Combo ID

Station Loc

Length (mm)

LLRF

Story1

C24

104

C-12"X12"

DL+FL+LL+WL+1.3LL+1.25EQX

0

3175

0.981

Section Properties b (mm)

h (mm)

dc (mm)

Cover (Torsion) (mm)

304.8

304.8

56

30

Material Properties Ec (MPa)

fck (MPa)

Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless)

fy (MPa)

fys (MPa)

22360.68

20

1

500

500

Design Code Parameters ɣC

ɣS

1.5

1.15

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3 Design Pu kN

Design Mu2 kN-m

Design Mu3 kN-m

Minimum M2 kN-m

Minimum M3 kN-m

Rebar Area mm²

Rebar % %

153.9773

-10.0901

56.8762

3.0795

3.0795

1346

1.45

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors K Factor Unitless

Length mm

Initial Moment kN-m

Additional Moment kN-m

Minimum Moment kN-m

Major Bend(M3)

0.730792

2794

22.7505

0

3.0795

Minor Bend(M2)

0.721934

2794

-6.1679

0

3.0795

Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3 Shear Vu kN

Shear Vc kN

Shear Vs kN

Shear Vp kN

Rebar Asv /s mm²/m

Major, Vu2

33.1862

56.1471

30.3333

29.2952

337.85

Minor, Vu3

27.3502

56.3112

30.3333

27.3502

337.85

Joint Shear Check/Design

23

Joint Shear Force kN

Shear VTop kN

Shear Vu,Tot kN

Shear Vc kN

Joint Area cm²

Shear Ratio Unitless

Major Shear, Vu2

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Minor Shear, Vu3

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Structural Analysis & Design Report (1.1) Beam/Column Capacity Ratio Major Ratio

Minor Ratio

N/A

N/A

Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1) Ag cm²

Asc cm²

Puz kN

Pb kN

Pu kN

k Unitless

929

13.5

1340.85

309.5249

153.9773

1

Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1) Consider Ma

Length Factor

Section Depth (mm)

KL/Depth Ratio

KL/Depth Limit

KL/Depth Exceeded

Ma Moment (kN-m)

Major Bending (M3 )

Yes

0.88

304.8

6.699

12

No

0

Minor Bending (M2 )

Yes

0.88

304.8

6.618

12

No

0

Notes: N/A: Not Applicable N/C: Not Calculated N/N: Not Needed

ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary) Level

Element

Unique Name

Section ID

Combo ID

Station Loc

Length (mm)

LLRF

Story1

B2

18

B-10"X17"

DL+FL+LL+WL+1.3LL-1.25EQY

152.4

4216.4

1

Section Properties b (mm)

h (mm)

bf (mm)

ds (mm)

dct (mm)

dcb (mm)

254

431.8

254

0

25.4

25.4

Material Properties Ec (MPa)

fck (MPa)

Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless)

fy (MPa)

fys (MPa)

22360.68

20

1

500

500

Design Code Parameters

24

Structural Analysis & Design Report ɣC

ɣS

1.5

1.15

Factored Forces and Moments Factored Mu3 kN-m

Factored Tu kN-m

Factored Vu2 kN

Factored Pu kN

-66.5078

2.1519

66.1414

-0.6257

Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt Factored Moment kN-m

Factored Mt kN-m

Positive Moment kN-m

Negative Moment kN-m

-66.5078

3.4177

0

-69.9255

Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, M u3 & Tu Design -Moment kN-m Top

(+2 Axis)

Design +Moment kN-m

-Moment Rebar mm²

+Moment Rebar mm²

Minimum Rebar mm²

Required Rebar mm²

426

1

426

235

235

1

0

235

-69.9255

Bottom (-2 Axis)

0

Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu Shear Ve kN

Shear Vc kN

Shear Vs kN

Shear Vp kN

Rebar Asv /s mm²/m

82.9436

45.2238

51.8664

39.3777

353.66

Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, T u & VU2 Tu kN-m

Vu kN

Core b1 mm

Core d1 mm

Rebar Asvt /s mm²/m

2.1519

66.1414

223.2

401

249.45

Slab Design Input Parameters Length of shorter span (lx) =

25

3.21

m

Structural Analysis & Design Report Length of longer span (ly) = Support condition

4.78

m

4

Slab type

= =

1

 (assumed) = ly/lx = Design two way slab

1.25 1.49

Assume grade of concrete (fck) = Assume steel (fy) = Thickness of marble finishing = Thickness of screed = Thickness of plaster = Unit weight of marble = Unit weight of screed = Unit weight of plaster = Unit weight of concrete = Live load = Assume bar diameter =

M Fe 25.00 25.00 20.00 26.70 20.40 20.40 25.00 2 10.00

20 500 mm mm mm KN/m3 KN/m3 KN/m3 KN/m3 KN/m2 mm

Effective depth of slab (d)  Assume, d = Total depth of slab, D =

111.65 98.00 128.00

mm mm mm

3.20 0.67 0.51 0.41 1.00 5.79 7.79 11.68

KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2 KN/m2

Dead load calculation of slab Dead load of slab due to concrete = Dead load due to floor finish (marble) = Dead load due to screed = Dead load due to plaster = Partition load = Total dead load = Dead load + Live load = Design load = Bending moment Coefficients

26

23

Max. bending moment

x =

0.0557

Mx =

6.70

KNm

x =

0.0746

-Mx =

8.97

KNm

y =

0.0350

My =

9.34

KNm

y =

0.0470

-My =

12.54

KNm

Mmax =

12.54

KNm

Check depth for moment Required depth for moment =

67.41

mm

Structural Analysis & Design Report Provided depth, d = Required depth is

<

98.00

mm

Provided depth

O.K. safe

0.025 0.025 Ast = Ast =

Area of steel Solving quadratic equation Ast2 + -98.00 Ast + 2 Ast + -98.00 Ast + Bottom bars 3687.09 mm2 Ast = 232.91 mm2 Ast =

21469.03 28829.84 Top bars 3599.64 320.36

= 0 = 0 mm2 mm2

Spacing required

 rods @ 10  rods @ 8

215.7

mm c/c

Bottom bars

245.0

mm c/c

Top bars

150.0

mm c/c

Bottom bars

150.0

mm c/c

Top bars

Spacing provided

 rods @ 10  rods @ 8

Provided Ast = p% =

Check for shear 334.93 mm2 0.34 k=

c' =

0.40

c =

0.53

Max.shear force (Vu) =

18.74

v =

0.19

c

N/mm

2

N/mm

2

1.3 IS 456:2000 (Table 19)

KN N/mm2

v

> O.K. safe

Check for minimum steel Minimum steel (0.12%) Provided steel 2 < 117.60 mm 334.93 mm2 O.K. Check for deflection = =

23 1

fs = =

Allowable L/d = Actual L/d =

36.80 32.76

Allowable L/d

201.664 1.600

>

= =

Actual L/d

O.K.

Design of Staircase

27

Concrete

M20

20.00 N/mm2

Steel Riser

Fe500 R

500.00 N/mm2 0.15 m

1 1

Structural Analysis & Design Report Thread

T

SQRT(R2+T2)/T

0.25 m 1.17

Effective Span

l

3200.00

Assumed effctive Depth

d

76.19

mm

Provide Cover

12.00

Overall Depth

D

Take Overall Depth Effective Depth

D d

steel Diameter

12

94.19 127.00 mm 109.00 mm

Load Calculation for Waist Slab Self wt. of waist Slab

3.70

kN/m2

Floor Finishes

1.50

kN/m2

Live Load

3.00

kN/m2

Total Load w 8.20 Factored Load wu 9.84 Considering 1m wide strip of Slab Length Lef 1.1 Load/m2 4.921593 Reaction at support

15.33076

Max. Bending Moment

31.32901

kN/m2 kN/m2 Center

2 9.84

Right

0.133fckbd2=Mu Reqd Depth

d

108.53

mm

Calculation for Reinforcement Mu/bd2

R

2.64

Mpa

Steel Required

(Ast)reqd

812.01

mm2

Spacing

28

s

Provide 12 mm dia bar 139.16

Provided Effective Depth (d)=109> 108.53 Hence Safe ok

1.13 4.921593

Structural Analysis & Design Report Provide 12mm bar @125c/c( Main Bar) Steel provoded

(Ast)prvd

Calculation for distribution bar Steel (Ast)reqd Required Spacing s Provide 10 mm bar @150c/c Steel provoded

(Ast)prvd

1130.00

mm2

Provided Steel =1130mm2 > 812.01 mm2 , Hence Safe ok

152.40

mm2 Provide 120mm dia bar 334.65 255.00

mm2

Provided Steel =255mm2 > 162.0mm2 , Hence Safe ok

Provide 12mm bar @125 c/c (Main Bar) Provide 10mm bar @150 c/c (Distribution Bar)

Strap Footing Design Sample

29

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Point Loads (DEAD - LIVE) [kN, kN-m]

30

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Strip moment diagram in layer- A & B layer [kN-m]

Slab Strip Design - Layer A - Reinforcement Intensity (Enveloping Flexural) [mm2/m] 12 mm Ø @ 150 mm (Top). Depth-14” thick.

31

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Slab Strip Design - Layer A - Reinforcement Intensity (Enveloping Flexural) [mm2/m] 12 mm Ø @ 150 mm . Depth-14” thick.

Moment diagram of beam in [kN-m]

32

Structural Analysis & Design Report

Shear Reinforcement details of beam Stirrups - 2-L 8.Ø @ 4” mm Throughout for Beam

Beam Reinforcement details (12”X16”) SB-1 - Top bar – 3-16Ø Th. & Bottom bar - 2-16Ø.Th. SB-2 - Top bar – 4-16Ø Th. & Bottom bar - 2-16Ø+1-12 Ø.Th. 33

Structural Analysis & Design Report

List of design code and Standards 1.

NBC-000-114:1994

: All relevant design codes in Nepal

2.

IS 456 – 2000

: Code for practice for plain & Reinforced concrete

3.

IS 875 – 1987

: Code of practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake load) for building & structures.

4.

IS 1893(part-I)-2002

: Code of practice for earthquake resist design of Structures.

5.

IS 13920 – 1993

: Code of practice for Ductile detailing of Reinforced Concrete structures subjected to seismic forces.

6.

SP: 16 – 1980

: Design aids for Reinforced concrete to IS 456 -1978

7.

ETABS 2016 V 16.0.0

: Proprietary program of Research Engineers.

8.

SAFE V 2012

: Foundation Design

34

Structural Analysis & Design Report

35