JAR-KING 1 Operations Manual
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Baker Hughes INTEQ
JAR-KING 1 Tool Description and Operations Manual (43/4" - 91/2" Tools) 750 75 0-50000-028 028 Rev. Rev. A
Sept Septe embe mber 1994 1994
Baker Hughes INTEQ Technical Publications Group 2001 Rankin Road Houston, TX 77032 USA 713-625-4415
This manual is provided without any warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The information in this document is believed to be accurate; however, Baker Hughes INTEQ will not be liable for any damages, whether direct or indirect, which results from the use of any information contained herein.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
JAR-KING I Overview Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Principles of Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 JAR-KI JA R-KING NG I Featur Features es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 .2 Tool Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Torque Tor que Trans Transmissi mission on System. System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Jarring System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Locking Loc king Syste System m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Calculation of Required Pull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 For Example: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 .7 Calculation of Required Minimum Pull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 .7
Tool Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Lower Part of the Bottom Bottom Hole Assembly Assembly (Under Compression). Compression). . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 .9 Upper Upp er Part Part of the Bottom Bottom Hole Hole Assembly Assembly (Under (Under Tensi Tension) on) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 .9 Operati Ope ration on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..9 9 Operatio Ope ration n of the the Locking Locking Syste System m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 . 11 Relocking the Jar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Changing the Adjusting Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Jarring Jarr ing Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Bumping Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Moderate Bumping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Heavy Duty Bumping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Tool Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 General Gen eral Instruc Instruction tionss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Checkin Che cking g the Jarri Jarring ng System System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 . 15 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
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Operations Manual 750-500-028 Rev. A / September 1994
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Table of Contents
Publication Style Guide
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Baker Bak er Hughe Hughes s INTE INTEQ Q Confidential
750-500-02 8 Rev. A / September 1994
1
Chapter
1
JAR-KING I Overview The JAR-KING I serves as a drilling jar and is installed in the drillstring to free a stuck drillstring. The drilling jar is used for both jarring up and bumping down.
Introduction A drilling jar has become standard in the drillstring. drillstring. Immediate jarring to free the stuck drillstring without any delay can save high fishing costs. Also, the danger of more intensive sticking is reduced through the rapidly initiated jarring action. Falling cuttings, collapsing or expanding formations, junk in the hole, differential sticking or other reasons can cause the drillstring to become stuck. In order to avoid longer breaks of drilling, which are usually caused by fishing work, the placement of the drilling jar is highly economical in drilling operations. Furthermore, additional safety is provided for the drillstring.
Principles of Design The JAR-KING I can be used either in a jarring-up or bumping-down mode. To avoid unintentional jarring or bumping, it has a locking feature. Only after a certain preadjusted overpull over pull has been applied, the JAR-KING I is in an active jarring/bumping mode. The main element of the jar is the hydraulic jarring system, whereby energy is stored in the drillstring as potential energy by overpull. After a certain time, depending upon the amount of overpull, the jar is released and abruptly sets free the stored energy, imparting a powerful jarring blow to the stuck drillstring. The jarring blow can be repeated, if necessary, to deliver a rapid series of blows when desired. To run the JAR-KING I in the optimum position above the stuck point, the JAR-KING I can be used in tension (above the
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neutral point of the BHA), or in compression (below the neutral point of the BHA). The locking device avoids uncontrolled jarring while drilling, tripping or making connections, for more safety in the hole, and reduced wear at the jar.
JAR-KING I Features The JAR-KING I has the following features: •
Easy to operate
•
Doub Double le act actio ion n desi design gn for for ja jarr rrin ing g up up an and d bum bumping ping dow down n
•
Impac Impactt contr control ol over over the the whole whole workin working g rang range, e, by overpu overpull ll only only very very light or maximum capacity blows may be created
•
Maximum temp emper eraature 392°F (200°C)
•
Quick Quick re reset settin ting g of the the jarr jarring ing system system for for deli deliver vering ing a rapid rapid seri series es of blows
•
Mecha Mechanic nical al lock locking ing syste system m avoids avoids uncon uncontr troll olled ed jarr jarring ing whil whilee drilli drilling, ng, tripping, or making connections
Tool Description The JAR-KING I is manufactured from high quality SAE 4140/4145 steel. The threads are made to API specifications, inspected by Magna-Flux, and phosphate coated. The thread roots of the tool joints are cold rolled upon request. All movable parts are running in oil, refer to Note, and the sealing surfaces are coated with a special hardfacing, which has a high corrosion resistance against all types of mud. Note: 4-3/4" JAR-KING I with open spline area.
The tool consists of three major elements (see foldout drawing). These elements include: •
Torq rqu ue tra ran nsmi smissio ssion n sy syst stem em
•
Jarring system
•
Locking system
Torque Transmission System Located in the upper part of the tool, the torque transmission system features replaceable spline inserts working in oil. See Note and Figure 1. An axial stroke, depending on tool size, is provided.
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JAR-KING I
Note: 4-3/4" JAR-KING I with open spline area. Splines are not replaceable.
The torque transmission system is sealed at the lower end by Compensating Piston 1, to equalize the internal pressure to the mud pressure, and compensate for any change of oil volume. Figu Figure re 1. Tor Torqu que e Transmission System. The System. The Torque Transmission System is located in the upper part of the tool.
Jarring System The JAR-KING I is designed for both jarring-up and as well as bumpingdown. The jarring system is located below the spline assembly. It works totally in an oil bath and is sealed below by the Compensating Piston II . Intensity of impact is controlled from the rig floor by the amount of jarring load (overpull) applied. Figure 2 shows the principle of the hydraulic jarring system in which an ValveWhile I and Valve axial sliding is sealed to Bowl and pressed the when it is pulled. the Valve is being pulled, onto the oil from theSeat Upper
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Chamber must flow into the Lower Chamber , passing through the very narrow annulus between the Valve and Bowl I. Figure Figu re 2. Hydraulic Jarring System for Jarring Up.The Up.The JAR-KING I is designed arring- upfor and bumping down.
Therefore, the valve movement requires a certain time, depending on the amount of overpull, before it reaches the upper part of Bowl I . Here, the enlarged bore area allows the oil to bypass the Valve, resulting in an abrupt release and acceleration of Valve and Mandrel I, by energy stored in the drillstring. The upward blow is created by hitting the Hammer against the Anvil. To achieve quick resetting, the Valve is designed so that the oil can bypass underneath it and thus does not offer resistance while resetting. Downward bumping as shown in Figure 3 will be established by hitting with the Male Spline (Bumping Nut) against the upper shoulder of the Seal Cap after dropping the drillstring.
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JAR-KING I Figure Figu re 3. Mechanical Components for Bumping Down. The JAR-KING I is also designed for bumping down.
Locking System The JAR-KING I is equipped with a mechanical locking system to avoid uncontrolled uncontr olled jarring as well as premature wear of the jar. See Figure 4. By locking the jar, it is possible to run the tool either under compression or under tension. The locking device consists of an Arresting Sleeve, Tapered Pressure Ring, and Steel Balls, engaging both, and thereby locking Mandrel II against against the Locking Bowl. When activating the tool, by exceeding the unlocking force, the Tapered Pressure Ring travels downwards, compressing a set of Disc Springs. The Steel Balls are displaced to the Locking Bowl, thus releasing the Arresting Sleeve as well as Mandrel II . The amount of unlocking force is determined by the thickness of the Adjusting Shells defining the distance
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JAR-KING I Figur Figure e4 4.. Ma Main in Parts of the Locking System. The JAR-KING I is equipped with a mechanical locking system to avoid uncontrolled jarring as well as premature wear of the jar.
of both parts. If the requested unlocking force is different from the preset adjustment, the proper set of Adjusting Shells has to be selected and installed before tripping in. Once the jar has been unlocked downhole, it remains open in the working mode. This is automatically accomplished to allow continuous jarring or bumping without relocking the tool again.
Calculation of Required Pull The minimum pull required to unlock the JAR-KING I is given by the calculation that follows. The operator must bear in mind the pull capacity of the rig, downhole conditions, and drillstring configuration when selecting the Adjustable Shells. The changing of Adjustable Shells is carried out according to instructions given in the Tool Box.
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For Example: A 6-1/4" JAR-KING I is installed in a BHA with a BHA weight of 200 kN (44,900 lbf) below and 800 kN (179,900 lbf) above. Tools equipped with Adjustable Shells for 300 kN (67,000 lbf) unlocking force. Pressure drop below the jar is equal to: ∆ p = 40 bar (580 psi).
Calculation of Required Minimum Pull Note: This method does not consider wall friction.
Drillstring weight in mud above jar (mass-force)
800 kN
(179,900 lbf)
+Unlocking force (as adjusted on tools) (Table 1)
300 kN
(67,000 lbf)
- Pump opening force (see note) (see Table 2)
29 kN
(6,000lbf)
1071 kN
(240,900 lbf)
Minimum pull required
Note: Pump opening force tends to open the jar due to hydraulic action of mud under pressure. It applies additional load on the locking system and reduces required pull. Table 1: Identification of Adjusting Shells Sh ells Marker Bore Indents Corresponding to Unlocking Forces
Tool Sizes:
Tool Sizes:
Tool Sizes:
6-1/4"–6-3/4"
8-1/2"
9"–10"
kN
1000 lbf
kN
1000 lbf
kN
200
45
300 400
67
3 00
67
3 00
67
90
4 00
90
4 00
90
500
1 12
5 00
1 12
6 00
1 35
Tool Size:
Marker Bore Indents Corresponding to Unlocking Forces
4-3/4"–5" kN
1000 lbf
15 0
34000
20 0
45000
25 0
56000
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Table 2: Hydraulic H ydraulic Pump Opening Force Pressure Drop Below Jar
6-1/4"–6-3/4"
8-1/2"
9"–10"
bar
PSI
kN
1000 lbf
kN
1000 lbf
kN
20
29 0
14
3
17
4
21
5
40
58 0
29
6
34
7
41
9
60
87 0
43
9
52
11
62
14
80
1160
57
13
69
15
82
18
1 00
1450
71
16
86
19
1 03
23
1 20
1740
86
19
1 03
23
1 23
27
1 40
2030
10 0
22
1 21
27
1 44
32
1 50
2180
10 7
24
1 29
28
1 54
34
1 60
2320
11 4
25
1 38
30
1 64
36
1 70
2470
12 1
27
1 47
32
1 74
38
1 80
2610
12 8
28
1 55
34
1 85
41
1 90
2760
13 5
30
1 64
36
1 95
43
2 00
2900
14 3
32
1 72
38
2 05
45
2 10
3050
15 0
33
1 81
40
2 15
47
Pressure Drop Below Jar
4-3/4"–5"
bar
PSI
kN
20
29 0
8
2
40
58 0
17
4
60
87 0
25
6
80
1160
33
8
1 00
1450
42
9
1 20
1740
50
11
1 40
2030
59
13
1 50
2180
63
14
1000 lbf
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Drilling Jar
JAR-KING I
Tool Placement The JAR-KING I may be run under compression or tension. Avoid placement in the neutral zone. Figure 5 shows the possible placements of the JAR-KING I in the drillstrin drillstring. g.
Lower Part of the Bottom Hole Assembly (Under Compression) The jar should always be installed at least one drill collar above the top stabilizer. See Figure 5. The drill collar between the stabilizer and the jar will give the added safety that the jar will not get stuck itself, for instance by falling cuttings. When running a shock absorber in the drillstring, the jar should always be placed above the shock absorber.
Upper Part of the Bottom Hole Assembly (Under Tension) If differential differential sticking of the drill collar is expected, the jar should be positioned high up in the bottomhole assembly. See Figure 5. The advantage of this configuration is the ability to jar with the tool after becoming stuck by differential sticking. The disadvantage is the large distance between the jar and the stuck point when the bit or stabilizers become stuck, which reduces the effective jarring impact.
Operation All thread connections of the JAR-KING I are made up in the workshop and properly torqued. The jars are sent to the rig site in the locked position and are equipped with adjustable shells according to the unlocking force given in Table 3, if no differing adjustment adjustment of the locking system has been requested.
Table 3: Standard Stan dard Adjustment of Locking System Tool Sizes
Unlocking Forces
inch
kN
1000 lbf
4-3/4"–5"
20 0
45
6-1/4"–6-3/4"
3 00
67
7-3/4"–8-1/2"
4 00
90
9"–10"
4 00
90
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Figure 5. Possible Placement of the JAR-K JAR-KING ING I in the Drillstring. Drillstring. The JAR-KING I may be run under compression or under tension. Avoid placement in the neutral zone.
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The box and pin connection of drill collars connected to the jar should be made up to the recommended torque according to API specifications. Chain tongs or collar clamps must not be placed around the hardfaced Male Spline and the flex area of the Flex Joint .
Operation of the Locking System Before running the tool, the required pull for unlocking has to be calculated. If the unlocking force has to be changed, the Adjusting Shells are exchanged with the proper set of shells placed in the tool box. After getting stuck in the hole, the locking system will be unlocked by exceeding the calculated pull, and the jar is ready for jarring. Once the jar has been unlocked, it remains in the working mode. Relocking can only be done during the next round trip on the rig floor.
Relocking the Jar The following procedure is for relocking the jar. Refer to Figure 6. 1.
Set Set tthe he ja jarr in into to th thee sli slips ps bene beneat ath h the the Locking Bowl.
2.
Brea eak k-o -ou ut tth he thr thread con conn nect ctio ion n Adjusting Bowl/Locking Bowl, and unscrew the connection approximately 20 to 30 mm (.75 to 1.25 inch).
Note: Do not place the tongs or slips on the Flex Joint or hardfaced area of the Male Spline.
3.
Cl Clos osee the the jar jar by by weig weighti hting ng it it with with one or two drill drill collar collars. s. Make Make sure there is no stand-off between Bumping Nut and and Seal Cap.
4.
Makee-u up tth hread cco onnect ctiion Adjusting Bowl/Locking Bowl/Locking Bowl, with a torque value from Table 4.
5.
Pu Pull ll the jar ou outt of the slips ps Seal to to chec check k the t must he lock locking mode. mo de. 20 Stando Stamm ndoff ff Bumping Nut sli Cap between and and being less than (.75 inch).
Changing the Adjusting Shells In the case when the locking system needs adjustment, suitable tool boxes, containing optional Adjusting Shells are available. Proceed with the following instructions: 1.
Set Set tthe he ja jarr in into to th thee sli slips ps bene beneat ath h the the Locking Bowl. See Figure 6.
2.
Brea eak k-o -ou ut tth he thr thread con conn nect ctio ion n Adjusting Bowl/Locking Bowl and unscrew the connection approximately 40 to 50 mm (1.50 to 2.0 inches).
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Figure Figur e 6. Relocking Relocking the Jar. Jar. The The jar is set into the slips beneath the locking bowl.
3.
Remove the Adjusting Shells and insert the new set for the required require d unlocking force. Make sure there is no stand-off between Bumping Nut and Seal Cap.
4.
Mak akee-up up th thee th thrrea ead d co conn nneect ctio ion n Adjusting Bowl/Locking Bowl with torque value from Table 4.
5.
Chec Check k the the lo lock ckin ing g mod modee aass des descr crib ibed ed prev previo ious usly ly..
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Table 4: Make-up Mak e-up Torque Torque for Adjusting Bowl/Locking Bowl/Loc king Bowl Connection Co nnection Tool Sizes
Make-up Torque
inch
k Nm
1000 ft lbf
4-3/4"–5"
11. 0
8. 1
6-1/4"–6-3/4"
2 0. 7
15.3
7-3/4"–8-1/2"
5 0. 0
36.9
9"–10"
83. 0
61.2
Jarring Up The jarring impact depends on the energy stored in the drillstring, which results from the applied overpull (jarring load). The maximum jarring load, shown in Table 5, should s hould not be exceeded. Table 5: Maximum Recommended Jarring Load Tool Sizes
Maximum Recommended Jarring Load
inch
kN
1000 lbf
4-3/4"–5"
360
81
6-1/4"–6-3/4"
600
1 35
7-3/4"–8-1/2"
860
1 93
9"–10"
860
19 3
Following are instructions for jarring up: 1.
Pull Pull the the dril drillst lstrin ring g to to open open the locki locking ng sy system stem by over overpul pulll to the appropriate locking. Maintain this overpull until an upward blow is noticed, signifying that the tool is unlocked. Increase the overpull if necessary to ensure that the tool is unlocked.
ten sion without being Note: If the jar has been run under tension locked, close the jar first by dropping the drillstring.
2.
Pull Pull th thee dri drill llst stri ring ng to the the desi desire red d jar jarri ring ng load. load.
3.
Set the brake brake and and wait wait for for the the blow. blow. The jarrin jarring g time time depend dependss on on the amount of overpull. Jarring time should not exceed 10 minutes.
4.
To repeat repeat jarrin jarring, g, re reset set the jar by lower lowering ing the drills drillstri tring. ng. Follow-up with Steps 2 and 3.
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Bumping Down The intensity of the downward impact can be controlled by the bumping stroke. The latter can be chosen by the operator for moderate or heavy duty bumping.
Moderate Bumping Following are instructions for Moderate Bumping. 1.
Pu Pull ll the the dri drills llstri tring ng to to open open tthe he lock locking ing system system as desc descri ribed bed under under the Jarring Up section.
2.
Clos Closee the the ja jarr an and d mar mark k thi thiss poi point nt on the the k kel elly ly..
3.
Li Lift ft the dr drill illstr string ing to an an over overpul pulll above above that that rrequ equir ired ed earl earlier ier.. Maintain this overpull for a few seconds. This opens the jar approximately 200 mm (8 inches).
4.
Releas Releasee the the brak brakee allow allowing ing the drill drillstr string ing to dro drop p rapi rapidly dly.. Stop Stop the drillstring at the point marked on the kelly.
5.
To re repe peat at mode modera rate te bump bumpin ing g, rrep epeat eat St Step epss 3 and and 4. 4.
Heavy Duty Bumping Following are instructions for Heavy Duty Bumping. 1.
Pu Pull ll the drills drillstri tring ng to open open tthe he locki locking ng syste system, m, as descr describe ibed d earlier.
2.
Clos Closee the the ja jarr an and d mar mark k thi thiss poi point nt on the the k kel elly ly..
3.
Overp Overpull ull the drills drillstri tring ng to a value value above above that that requir required ed from from Step Step 1. Hold this load for approximately half a minute. During this time the jar will continue to open. This results in a longer bumping stroke, which enables the build-up of a heavy duty downward blow.
4.
Releas Releasee the the brak brakee and and al allow low the drills drillstri tring ng to drop. drop. Stop Stop tthe he drillstring at the point, which is marked on the kelly.
5.
To re repe peat at Heav Heavy y Dut Duty y Bum Bumpi ping ng,, rrep epea eatt Ste Steps ps 3 and and 4. 4.
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Tool Checking General Instructions During each round trip, the shoulders of the Bumping Nut and and Seal Cap should be visually inspected for deformation. In addition, the hardfaced Male surface of the should forthe any wear if the jar had been under work. If Spline excessive wearbeischecked apparent, tool must be replaced.
Checking the Jarring System No check is necessary if the tool has not been opened. If the tool comes out of the hole in the opened position, follow up with the steps below: 1.
Close the tool.
2.
Lift tth he tto ool o ou ut o off tth he ssllips.
3.
The The to tool ol wil willl open. open. When When appr approx oxim imat atel ely y 200 200 m mm m (8 inche inches) s) between the Seal Cap and Bumping Nut is is reached, the opening velocity will slow down. In this case, the tool is ready for further use.
Specifications The following tables list the specifications for different sized JAR-KING I tools. Table 6: JAR-KING I Specifications (Part 1) Tool Size Ra n g e
OD
Approx. Total Weight
ID
To o l L Leength
Jarring Stroke
Total Stroke
inch
inch
mm
i nch
mm
kg
lbs
m
ft
mm
inch
mm
inch
4-3/4–5
4- 3/ 4
12 1
2
51
68 0
1500
9. 8
32
1 70
6.7
76 2
30
6-1/4– 6-3/4
6- 1/ 4
15 9
2- 1/4
57
1100
2400
9. 8
32
23 5
9.2
762
30
7-3/4– 8-1/2
8
2 03
2-1/2
64
2000
4400
9. 8
32
2 55
10
76 2
30
9–10
9- 1/ 2
24 1
2-13/16
71
2800
6200
9. 8
32
25 5
10
7 62
30
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Tool Size Ra n g e
OD
Maximum Recommend Jarring Load
ID
Maximum RecommendBu mping Load
Ultimate Test Load After Jarring
inch
inch
mm
inch
mm
kN
1 00 0 lbf
kN
1000 lbf
kN
1000 lbf
4-3/4–5
4- 3/ 4
121
2
51
360
81
20 0
45
1000
225
6-1/4–6-3/4
6- 1/ 4
159
2-1/4
57
600
135
35 0
78.6
3000
6 70
7-3/4–8-1/2
8
203
2-1/2
64
860
193
40 0
89.9
5200
1170
9 –10
9 - 1/2
241
2-13/16
71
860
193
5 00
112.3
7400
1660
Tool Size Range
OD
Maximum Operating Torque
ID
Locking System Unlocking Force Range
Make-up Torque Adjusting Bowl /Locking Bowl
inch
inch
mm
inch
mm
kN m
kft-lb
kN
1000 lbf
k Nm
1 000 ft lbf
4-3/4–5
4-3/4
12 1
2
51
8.1
6
150 200 250
34 45 56
11
8. 1
6-1/4–6-3/4
6-1/4
15 9
2-1/4
57
20.7
16
20 0 300 400
45 67 90
20.7
15. 3
7-3/4–8-1/2
8
2 03
2-1/2
64
50.0
37
3 00 400
67 90
50.0
36. 9
500
112
300 400 500 600
67 90 112 135
83.0
61. 2
9–10
9-1/2
241
2-13/16
71
82.7
16
Baker Hughes INTEQ 750-500-028 Rev. A / September 1994
61
Confidential
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