JapaneseClassNote Grp 2

Lesson 1 (7 July 05) 1.

Hiragana character learning (include pronunciation) • a (あ) i (い) u (う) • ka (か) ki (き) ku (く) • sa (さ) si (し) su (す) • ta (た) chi (ち) tsu (つ) • na (な) ni (に) nu (ぬ) • ha (は) hi (ひ) fu (ふ) • ma (ま) mi (み) mu (む) • ya (や) yu (ゆ) • ra (ら) ri (り) ru (る) • wa (わ) • n (ん)

e (え) ke (け) se (せ) te (て) ne (ね) he (へ) me (め) re (れ)

o (お) ko (こ) so (そ) to (と) no (の) ho (ほ) mo (も) yo (よ) ro (ろ) o (を)

This table is named as gojyuuon (五十音) Only one sound to be pronounced for each character. Note: In actual, only 46 sounds in this table. 2.

A: Konbanwa (こんばんは。) B: Konbanwa  A: Good evening.  B: Good evening. Remarks: “kon” should pronounce as “kom” When “n” is followed by “b”, “n” will be pronounced as “m”. For eg : kombanwa

3.

Pronunciation for Malaysian name and Japanese name For Malaysian name, the sound always down. Eg: Foong san, Tan san, Devi san, Aminah san, …….. For Japanese name, the sound can be up or down. Eg: sounds up Yamada san Eg: sounds down Yamashita san

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4.

Pronunciation practice (up->down, left->right) ra (ら) ri (り) ru (る) re (れ) ro (ろ)

ra (ら) re (れ) ra (ら) ro (ろ)

ra (ら) ri (り) ru (る) re (れ) ro (ろ)

Purpose: to train the tongue familiar with Japanese character pronunciation 5.

Importance of short and long sounds Example 1: obasan (おばさん)  auntie obaasan (おばあさん)  old lady Example 2: Shyujin/syujin (主人)  husband Shyuujin/syuujin (囚人)  prisoner ee / un / hai (ええ/ うん /はい。)  yes

6.

Remarks: un (うん) can not be used by lady. It only can be used by man. 7.

There are two types of long sound after o (お). (1) ou (おう)  It is pronounced as down sound, eg : ou (2) oo (おお)  It is pronounced as up sound, eg : oo  Examples : ooi (おおい) = many toi (とおい) = far

8.

No long sound for wo / o (を)

2

 It only used as particle in a sentence. 9.

Pronunciation practice for tsu , zu and su (つ、ず、す)

10.

Ohayougozaimasu (おはようございます。)  Good morning Remarks: There are total 9 sounds for this word: o, ha, yo, u, go, za, i, ma, su (お, は, よ, う, ご, ざ, い, ま, す。)

11.

A san: Ohayougozaimasu (おはようございます。) B1 san: Ohayougozaimasu (おはようございます。) or B2 san: Ohayou (おはよう。) A: Good morning. B1: Good morning. or B2: Morning

  

Remarks: From the answering method, you can know that B2 san is senior than A san. B1 san is at the same level as A san. 12.

Konnichiwa (こんにちは。)  (1) Good afternoon.  (2) Hallo Remarks: Meaning as “hallo” only can be used when meeting the other party for the first time.

13.

A san: Oyasuminasai (お休みなさい。) B san: Oyasuminasai  A: Good night  B: Good night Remarks: “yasumi” (休み) is “rest” or “holiday”.

14.

(a) Doumo arigatou gozaimasu (どうもありがとうございます。)  Thank you very much. Remarks: With the word “gozaimasu”, it present the meaning “very much” When “masu” is used, it means the favor is not done yet. 14.

(b) Doumo arigatou gozaimashita (どうもありがとうございました)

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 Thank you very much. Remarks: Different between (a) and ( b ) is on the word “masu” and “mashita”. When “mashita” is used, it means the favor is done. Example: When you request your friend to help on purchase something, you will say “doumo arigatou gozaimasu” upon request. When your friend purchased the item and passed it to you, you will say “doumo arigatou gozaimashita” to express the “thank you very much”. ( c ) Doumo / arigatou (どうも / ありがとう )  Thank you Remark: Either one will present the meaning of “thank you”. 15.

A san: Doumo arigatou gozaimasu (どうもありがとうございます。) B san: Iie, dou itashimashite (いいえ、どういたしまして。)  A: Thank you very much.  B: You are welcome. Remarks: Be careful when pronounce the word “itashimashite”. The underlined “i” is silent. It should be pronounced as “itashmashte”. 16.

When introduce yourself to the other party for the first time, you can use the sentences as follows: Hajimemashite (初めまして。) Watashi wa Tan desu (私はタンです。)　or Watashi wa Tan to moushimasu (私はタンと申します。)

A1 A2

Douzo yoroshiku (どうぞ宜しく。) or Yoroshiku onegaishimasu (宜しくお願いします。) or Yoroshiku onegaiitashimasu (宜しくお願い致します。)

B1 B2 B3

 Nice to meet you.  I am Tan.  Nice to meet you. (In Mandarin, the meaning should be “请多多指教”. The is no expression in English which can present the meaning correctly) Remark:

(1) Politeness level increase when the numeric number increase.

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A1 < A2 ; B1 < B2 < B3 (it means A2 is more polite than A1 and so on) (2) Only pronounce sentence B (either B1, B2 or B3) when bow your body. (3) For man, body bow degree is 45. For lady, body bow degree is 90. 17.

A san: Kaerimashouka (帰りましょうか。) B san: Hai, kaerimashou (はい。帰りましょう。)  A: Shall we go back?  B: Lets go back. Remarks: “shouka” is to show “you make a suggestion”

18.

For lesson 2 (14 July 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer item 15 and 16 in this notes without referring to any material. 19.

Please refer to the sound recording files which will be prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee later for better understanding.

Lesson 2 (14 July 05)

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1.

A1 Mou shyokuji wo shimashitaka (もう食事をしましたか。)  Have you taken your meal?  When “mou” comes with a past tense, it present the meaning as “already”  “shyokuji” is “meal”  “shita” is to show the meaning as “past tense” for the action “taken” A2 Mou hiru gohan wo tabemashitaka (もう昼ご飯を食べましたか。)  Have you taken your lunch?  “hiru gohan” is “lunch”  “tabemashita” is “taken” or “eaten”.  “Shita” is to show the meaning as “past tense” for the action “taken” or “eaten” Remarks: A1 is more polite than A2.

2.

Ogenki desuka (お元気ですか。)  How are you?  “O” is a polite form, used to show the meaning as “you”.  “genki” is “healthy” Conversation example: A san: Ogenki desuka (お元気ですか。) B1 san: Hai, genki desu (はい、元気です。) B2 san: Ee, genki desu (ええ、元気です。) B3 san: Hai, okagesamade genki desu (はい、おかげさまで元気です。)  A san: How are you? B1 san: I am fine. Thank you. Or B2 san: I am fine. Thank you. Or B3 san: I am fine. Thank you. Remarks:  B1 and B2 < politeness level < B3  “genki desu” is optional text. Can be omitted.  “kage” is “shadow of the tree”. It present the meaning “protect”.  In Mandarin, the meaning for B3 is “托你的福，我很好。”  “O” is a polite form, used to show the meaning as “you”.

3.

Please find follows the example of asking who is the other party:

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Conversation example: A san: Sumimasenga. Onamae wo nan desuka. (すみませんが。お名前を何ですか。 ) B1 san: Watashi no namae wa Tan desu (私の名前はタンです。) B2 san: Watashi wa Tan desu (私はタンです。) B3 san: Watshi wa Sony no Tan desu (私はソニーのタンです。) A san:

A………Tan san desuka (あ、、、、タンさんですか。)

 A san: B1 san: B2 san: B3 san: A san:

Excuse me. What is your name? My name is Tan. Or I am Tan. Or I am Tan from Sony. Oh…it is Ms/Mr Tan……

Remarks:  “sumimasen” alone is presents the meaning as “sorry”. When “sumimasen” combine with “ga”, it presents the meaning as “excuse me”.  “ga” which combine with the word “sumimasen” is pronounced as “gak” in a soft sound manner.  “namae” (名前) is “name”  “nan” (何) is “what”.  “no” (の) is “belongs to” 4.

Teacher also highlighted that there is no question mark (?) in Japanese sentences. Questions in Japanese language recognize by adding a “ka” at the end of the sentence with pronounce as sounds up.

5.

Shitsureishimasu (失礼します。)  I am taking a move. Remarks:  “rei” is pronounced as “ree” 6.

7.

Chyotto shitsureishimasu (ちょっと失礼します。)  Excuse me for a while.  In Mandarin, it is “失陪一会儿“.  “chyotto” (ちょっと) is “little” or “a while”.  When using this sentence, you need to come back to the listening party later on since he will be waiting for you there. A1: Osakini shitsureishimasu (お先に失礼します。)

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 I am taking a move earlier than you. Or A2: Soro soro shitsureishimasu. Mou osoi desukara (そろそろ失礼します。もう遅いですから。)  I am leaving right now because it is already late.  “soro soro” (そろそろ) is “immediate move”.  “mou” (もう) is “already”  “osoi” (遅い is “late”  “kara” (から) is “due to” Or A3: Mou osoi desukara, soro soro shitsureishimasu. (もう遅いですから。そろそろ失礼します。)  Because it is late now, I am leaving right now. 8.

Dewa, mata (では、また。)  Than…..  In Mandarin, it is “那麽“. Or Ja, mata (じゃ、また。)  Than…..  It is an informal expression. 9.

Dewa, mata oaishimashyou (では、またお会いしましょう。)  See you again.  “mata” (また) is “again”  “oaishimashyou” (お会いしましょう) is “Lets meet or see again”  “shyou” is “to make a suggestion”

10.

A san: Itte mairimasu (いってまいります。) or (いって参ります) B san: Itte rasshai (いってらっしゃい。)　  A san: I am going and will be back later. B san: Please go and come back soon.

10.

Remarks:

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These expressions can be used in home and office. “itte” (いって) is “to go”. “mairimasu” (まいります) is “to come”. Actually, there is an “i” in front of the word “rasshai” (irasshai). However, the “i” is eliminated.  There are three (3) meaning for the word “irasshai” (らっいしゃい). • imasu (います) • ikimasu (いきます) • kimasu (きます)    

11.

A san: Tadaima (ただいま。) B san: Okaerinasai (お帰りなさい。)  A san: I am back. B san: Welcome back. Remarks:  These expressions can be used when back to home (daily), back to office after a long holiday (few days or more) or back to office after a business trip (few days or more).  “kaerinasai” (帰りなさい) is from the word “kaerimasu”. “kaerimasu” is “come back”.

12.

Omedetou gozaimasu (おめでとうございます。)  Congratulations! Tanjyoubi omedetou gozaimasu (誕生日おめでとうございます。)  Happy birthday.  “tanjyoubi” (誕生日) is “birthday”  The underlined word can be changed to other word in order to express the congratulation in different occasions. Refer to the example as follows. 13.

Shinnen omedetou gozaimasu (新年おめでとうございます。)  Happy New Year.  “shinnen” (新年) is “new year”.  This sentence can be replaced by another more frequent used sentence as follow. Akemashite omedetou gozaimasu (あけましておめでとうござます。)  Happy New Year.  Both the “Happy New Year” expressions only can be used from midnight after 31 Dec (00:00 onward) till 7 Jan 05.

13.

Conversation example:

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A san: Akemashite omedetou gozaimasu / Shinnen omedetou gozaimasu (あけましておめでとうござます。) / (新年おめでとうございます。) B san: Arigatou gozaimasu (ありがとうございます。) 14.

Before 1 Jan, you can use another sentence to express for “Happy New Year“. Ii toshi wo mukaeru you ni oinori moushiagemasu (いい年を迎えるようにお祈り申し上げます。) We pray in order to have a good year. In Mandarin, it should be “ 让我们迎接一个美好的新年“. The underlined words are optional (oinori moushiagemasu). “ii” (いい) is “good”. “toshi” (年) is “year”. “mukaeru” (迎える) is “welcome” “you ni” (ように) is “in order to” “oinori moushiagemasu” (お祈り申し上げます) is “I pray for you to get something”. In Mandarin is “我为你 祈祷 “. It is optional, without these words, the meaning is still there.  This sentence can be used 1 week before 1 Jan.  In Japan, New Year holiday will be from 24 Dec~3 Jan.        

15.

Gohan wo tabemasu (ご飯をたべます。)  To take a meal. 16.

Odaijini (お大事に。)  Take care yourself.  It only can be used when pay a visit to someone who is injure or sick.

17.

Ogenki de, sayounara (お元気で、さようなら。)  Take care and goodbye.  “sayounara” is optional word. It can be omitted.  In Mandarin, it is “珍重“  This sentence can be used during functions (for eg: dinner) or in airport.

20.

Okarada ni odaijini (お体にお大事に。)  Please take care your body / Take care yourself (when sick)  “karada” (体) is body.

21.

Chotto matte kudasai (ちょっと待ってください。)  Please wait for a minute.

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 “matte” (待って) is “wait”  “kudasai” (ください) is “please”  This is an informal sentence if compare to the below sentence. Shyou-shyou omachi kudasai (少々お待ちください。)  Please wait for a while / minute  This is a more polite sentence.  “shyou-shyou” (少々) is “a while/little.  “omachi” (お待ち ) is “wait” 22.

Ichido (一度 )  One time Sumimasen. Mou ichido onegaishimasu. (すみません。もう一度お願いします。)  Please repeat / One more time please.  “onegaishimasu” (お願いします) is “to request for a favor”.

22.

In a restaurant, you can use the below two sentence patterns to present the meaning as “I would like to have …….”. A1: A2:

Kore wo kudasai (これをください。) Kore wo onegai shimasu. (これをお願いします。)  A1: I would like to have this. A2: I would like to have this.

Remarks:  You can replace the underlined word with something else.  For eg: Tempura wo kudasai (てんぷらをください。) * I would like to have tempura. Beeru wo onegai shimasu. (ビールをお願いします。) * I would like to have beer. 23.

Douzo osakini (どうぞお先に。)  Let you first.  In Mandarin, it is “让你先 “  It can be used when you let other people to perform the action first. For eg: When queue for a dinner, and you let others to take the food first.

24.

Ki wo tsukete kudasai (気をつけてください。)

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 Please take care / Be careful.  “kudasai” (ください) is optional word. It can be omitted. 25.

Abunai (危ない。)  Watch out, it is dangerous.

26.

Kyou wa dame desu (今日はだめです。)  I can not make it today.  “kyou” (今日) is “today”.  “dame” (だめ) is “can not”.

27.

Konban (今晩)  Tonight.

28.

Dame (だめ)  Can not.  This is not so polite. You can use the other method of expression to present your meaning. Chyotto…….(ちょっと。。。)  Can not.  This is more polite. Use only this word to show that you are not able or to present the meaning as “No”.  In Mandarin, it is “有点不方便 “. 29.

A san: Ganbatte kudasai (がんばってください。) B san: Hai, ganbarimasu (はい、がんばります。)  A san: Please try your best. B san: I will try my best. Remarks:  When the character “n” in “ganbatte” and “ganbarimasu” is followed by character “b”, the “n” should be pronounced as “m” sounds.  In Mandarin, “ganbatte kudasai” is “加油“.

30. •

There are three (3) types of writing in Japanese language. (i) Hiragana (ひらがな) Japanese origin words

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(ii) Katakana (カタカナ) • Words modify from foreign languages but use in Japanese. For eg: French, German, English…) Examples: Radio: ラジオ Television: テレビ Video: ビデオ Tour: ツア Part time job: アルバイト 　There types of words have been fixed in the dictionary. • Use to write non Japanese names Examples: Foong : フォーン Eda san: エダ Oo san: ウー • Use to write sounds. You can get many examples from the Japanese comic. (iii) Kanji (漢字) • In Japanese, same hiragana will have different meanings. It only will be recognized by pronunciation. Thus, kanji is important to present the correct meaning in writing. Examples: 娘: musume (daughter) 丈夫: jyoubu (strong and lasting) 大丈夫: dai jyoubu (no problem) 大丈夫ですか。 dai jyoubu desuka (Are you OK /alright?) • Other examples: (1i) hana (花)　flower (1ii) hana (鼻) nose　 (2i) hashi (橋) bridge (2ii) hashi (箸) chopsticks

30.

31.

(3i) koi (鯉) carp (3ii) koi (濃い) dark colour -> abura koi (油濃い) oily food Japanese sounds structure practice

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Structure 1: tata

tata

Structure 2: ta tata 32.

tatata

tatata

Mata raishyuu (また来週。)  See you next week. 33.

For lesson 3 (21 July 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer : Expressions in notes “Useful Daily Expressions”. Total 24 expressions. Item 2 and 3 in this notes (lesson 2).

34.

Please refer to the sound recording files which will be prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee later for better understanding.

• •

Lesson 3 (21 July 05) 1.

Revision:  Practice the “Useful Daily Expression” sheet  Practice on “self introduction”

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 Practice on asking “How are you and I am fine” 2.

A san: 　Sumimasenga, okyakusan no namae wo nan desuka 　(すみませんが。お客さんの名前を何ですか。) B1 san: Watashi no namae wa Tan desu (私の名前はタンです。) B2 san: Watashi wa Tan desu (私はタンです。) B3 san: Watshi wa Sony no Tan desu (私はソニーのタンです。)  A san: B1 san: B2 san: B3 san:

Excuse me. What is your name? My name is Tan. Or I am Tan. Or I am Tan from Sony.

Remarks:  “okyakusan” (お客さん) is “guest”. It presents the meaning as the other party whom you talk to.  It is better to use “okyakusan” rather than “anata” to show the politeness to the other party. 3.

A san: Ii desuka (いいですか。) B san: Hai, ii desu (はい、いいです。)  A san: Is it okay? B san: Yes, it is okay.

4.

Hiragana character learning • a (あ) i (い) • ka (か) ki (き) • sa (さ) si (し)

u (う) ku (く) su (す)

e (え) ke (け) se (せ)

o (お) ko (こ) so (そ)

Some important points to take note while written the word:

あ う

The circled portion is short.

The circled portion is round and NOT a sharp point.

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え か き 2

1

2.

1 2

1. The circled portion is overlapping to each other. There is no “tail” here.

The circled portion is round and NOT a sharp point.

1. The length of the two lines should be almost the same. Correct pattern should be upper line longer and lower line shorter.

け す せ そ

2. This type of writing is for printing purpose only. It is not use in actual writing (erase the circles portion in actual).

1. Circled portion should be longer than left hand stroke.

1. The circled portion is overlapping to each other.

1. The circled portion is round and NOT a sharp point.

1. There is no “tail” at the circled portion.

Study on “日本語かな入門英語版“, 1 課.

5. 6.

あし

next text after “ashi”

Remarks:  “ashi” (足) is “foot”.

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 The red marking portion is to present the pronunciation method of the next word after “ashi”. It means the next word should be pronounced in a low sound.

うし

next text after “ushi”

Remarks:  “uhi” (牛) is “cow”.  The red marking portion is to present the pronunciation method of the next word after “ushi”. It means the next word should be pronounced in the same tone as “shi”. 7.

aoi (青い)  “aoi” (青い) is “blue”. Remarks:  In Japan, “aoi” is used to describe the colour for traffic light and sea although it is green.

8.

uso (うそ)  1. lie 2. joking

9.

kyuukei (休憩)  kyuukei (休憩) is “rest”. Conversation example: (i) Kyuukei gofun desu (休憩五分です。)  Rest for 5 minutes. Remarks:  “kyuukei” (休憩) is “rest”  “gofun” (五分) is “5 minutes”. (ii) A san: Gofun yasumimashyouka (五分休みましょうか。) 　 B san: Gofun yasumimashyou (五分休みましょう。)  A san: Shall we take a rest for 5 minutes? B san: Yes, you can rest for 5 minutes.

10.

Hajimemashyouka (はじめましょうか。)

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 Let us starts.  In Mandarin, it is “让我们开始吧“. 11.

Kuni no namae (国の名前。)  Name of countries  “kuni” is “country”  “namae” is “name” Example: Nihon (日本) Nippon (日本) Mareishia (マレーシア) Tai (タイ) : Indoneshia (インドネシア ) Singapouru (シンがポール) Betonamu (ベトナム) Amerika (アメリカ) Igirisu (イギリス) Ousutoraria (オーストラリア) Kanada (カナダ) Nyuujirando (ニュウジランド) Chyuugoku (中国) Kankoku (韓国) Supein (スペーン) Furansu (フランス) Itaria (イタリア) Burajiru (ブラジル) Potorugaru (ポトルガル) Roshia (ロシア) Aruzenchin (アルゼンチン) Doitsu (ドイツ)

12.

: Japan (after 2nd World War) : Japan (before 2nd World War) : Malaysia Thailand : Indonesia : Singapore : Vietnam : America : Britain / England : Australia : Canada : New Zealand : China : Korea : Spain : France : Italy : Brazil : Portugal : Russia : Argentina : Germany

go (語)  “go” (語) is “language”  When add “go” after the country name, it will become the language of the country. Example: Nihongo (日本語)

: Japanese (after 2nd World War)

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Nippongo (日本語) Mareego (マレー語)

Taigo (タイ語。) Indoneshiago (インドネシア語 ) Eigo (英語)

Betonamugo (ベトナム語) Chyuugokugo (チューゴク語) Kankokugo (カンコク語) Supeingo (スペーン語) Furansugo (フランス語) Itariago (イタリア語) Potorugarugo (ポトルガル語) Roshiago (ロシア語) Doitsugo (ドイツ語)

13.

: Japanese (before 2nd World War) : Malay language (currently, “mareego” is referring to “Bahasa Melayu” and NOT “Bahasa Malaysia) : Thai : Indonesian : English (it is use for Singapore, America, Britain, Australia, Canada, New Zealand) : Vietnamese : Chinese : Korean : Spanish (it is use for Spain, Brazil, Argentina) : French : Italian : Portuguese (it is use for Brazil, Portugal, Argentina) : Russian : Dutch

jin (人)  “jin” is “people”  When add “jin” to the country name, it will become the people of the country. Example: Nihon jin (日本人) Nippon jin (日本人) Mareishia jin (マレーシア人) Tai jin (タイ人)

: Japanese (after 2nd World War) : Japan (before 2nd World War) : Malaysian : Thai

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Indoneshia jin (インドネシア人 ) Singapouru jin (シンがポール人) Betonamu jin (ベトナム人) Amerika jin (アメリカ人) Igirisu jin (イギリス人) Ousutoraria jin (オーストラリア人) Kanada jin (カナダ人) Nyuujirando jin (ニュウジランド人) Chyuugoku jin (中国人) Kankoku jin (韓国人) Supein jin (スペーン人) Furansu jin (フランス人) Itaria jin (イタリア人) Burajiru jin (ブラジル人) Potorugaru jin (ポトルガル人) Roshia (ロシア人) Aruzenchin jin (アルゼンチン人) Doitsu jin (ドイツ人) 14.

: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

Indonesian Singaporean Vietnamese American the British Australian Canadian New Zealander Chinese Korean Spanish French Italian Brazilian Portuguese Russian Argentinian German

taminzoku (多民族)  “taminzoku” is “multi-races / form by many races”  For eg: In Malaysia, we are formed by Malay, Chinese, Indian, Kadazan and etc. Example: Mareesia wa taminzoku desu (マレーシアは多民族です。)  Malaysia is a multi races country.

15.

sensei (先生)  (i) teacher For eg: nihongo no sensei (日本語の先生) -Japanese language teacher  (ii) doctor For eg: Occupational for a doctor is “isha” (医者). However, when talk to him; you can call him “sensei”.

16.

gakusei (学生)  “gakusei” is “student”  It is pronounced as “gaksei”. “u” is silent.  When “ku” follow by “s”, it is pronounced softly (silent).

20

17.

takusan (たくさん)  “takusan” (たくさん) is “many”  It is pronounced as “taksan”. “u” is silent. 18.

takushii (タクシイ)  “takushii” (タクシイ) is “taxi”  It is pronounced as “takshii”. “u” is silent. Example: Takushii wo yobimashyouka (タクシイを呼びましょうか。)  Shall I call you a taxi?  “takushii” (タクシイ) is “taxi”  “yobi” (呼び) is “to call”

19.

Sentence structure Subject wa noun desu / desuka ( ____ は ____　です/ ですか。) Remarks:  “wa” is a particle  “desu” is present the meaning as “am / is / are”. In Mandarin, it is “是“  “ka” is to asking a question Examples:  (i) Watashi wa Mareeshia jin desu (私はマレーシア人です。) -I am a Malaysian.  (ii) Anata wa nihon jin desuka (あなたは日本人ですか。) -Are you a Japanese?  (iii) Kare wa Tan san desuka (彼はタンさんですか。) -Is he Mr. Tan?  (iv) Kare wa Sony no Kachyou san desu (彼はソニーの課長さんです。) -He is the Manager of Sony.  (v) Shyachyousan wa nihon jin desuka (社長さんは日本人ですか。) - Is your Managing Director a Japanese?  (vi) Sony wa nihon no kaishya desuka (ソニーは日本の会社ですか。) -Is Sony a Japanese company?

21

 (vii) Anata wa Sony no kaishyain desuka 　　(あなたはソニーの会社員ですか。) -Are you a staff from Sony? -“kaishyain” (会社員) is “staff” Remarks: Examples of subject: Watashi (私) Anata (あなた) Kare (彼) Kanojyo (彼女) Shyachyousan (社長さん) Lee san (リーさん) 20.

: : : : : :

I You He She MD Ms/Mr Lee

Kaichyou san(会長さん) Jyoumu san (常務さん) Torishimari san (取り締まりさん) Shyachyou san (社長さん) Buchyou san (部長さん) Kachyou san (課長さん)

: : : : : :

Chairman Senior Executive Director Executive Director Managing Director General Manager Manager

Remarks:  Add “san” is to show politeness 21.

kare / kanojyo (彼 / 彼女)  It is better not to use these two words to present the meaning “you”  You can replace it with polite words “ano kata” (あの方)  “ano kata” is “that person” Example:  Ano kata wa Sony no kaichyou san desu (あの方はソーニの会長さんです ) He is the Chairman of Sony.  Ano kata wa Oo san desuka (あの方はウーさんですか。) - Is that person Ms. Oo?

22.

garufurendo (ガルフレンド )  girl friend

22

boifurendo (ボイフレンド )  boy friend Examples:  Kanojyo wa garufurendo desuka (彼女はガルフレンドですか。) - Is she your girl friend?  Ano kata wa Sony no kaichyou san desu (あの方はソーニの会長さんです ) - He is the Chairman of Sony. 23.

Hai (はい)  Yes Iie (いいえ)  No Sentence structure: A san: Anata wa ______ desu / desuka (あなたは＿＿です / ですか。) B1 san: Hai, watashi wa ______ desu (はい。私は＿＿＿です。) B2 san: Iie, watashi wa _______ dewa arimasen (いいえ。私は＿＿＿ではありません。) B3 san: Iie, watashi wa _______ dewa nai desu / jya nai desu / jya arimasen (いいえ。私は＿＿＿ではないです/ じゃないです/ じゃありません。)  A san: B1 san: B2 san: B3 san:

Are you ____ ? Yes, I am ____. No, I am not ____. No, I am not ____.

Remarks:  B1, B3 < politeness level < B2 Examples: A san: Anata wa nihon jin desuka (あなたは日本人ですか。) C1 san: Hai, watashi wa nihon jin desu (はい、私は日本人です。) C2 san: Iie, watashi wa nihon jin dewa arimasen. Mareeshia jin desu. (いいえ。私は日本人ではありません。マレーシア人です。) C3 san: Iie, watashi wa nihon jin dewa nakute, Mareeshia jin desu. (いいえ。私は日本人ではなくて、マレーシア人です。)  A san: Are you a Japanese? C1 san: Yes, I am a Japanese.

23

C2 san: No, I am not a Japanese. I am a Malaysian. C3 san: No, I am not a Japanese but a Malaysian. Remarks:  C3 is a better sentence when compare to C2. It uses “dewa nakute” to join two sentence to become one sentence. Short ways of answering “Yes” or “No” (i) Hai, sou desu (はい、そうです。) (ii) Iie, sou dewa arimasen (いいえ、そうではありません。) (iii) Iie, sou dewa nai desu (いいえ、そうではないです。) 24.

enjinia (エンジニア)  Engineer Douryou (同僚)  colleague

25.

26.

Anata wa doko no kaishyain desuka (あなたはどこの会社員ですか。)  You are staff from which company?  “doko” is “which”  “kaisyhain” is “company staff” Remarks:  Once you know the other party’s name, pls do not use “anata” anata (あなた)  (i) you (use when do not know the name of the other party but is not encourage to do so)  (ii) husband (it is like “abang” in Bahasa Melayu) Remarks:  When you do not know the other party’s name, you can replace “anata” with “okyakusan” (お客さん).

27.

When the wife call the husband, it is “anata” (あなた). When the husband call the wife, it is “omae” (お前).

28.

Nihon kara (日本から)  From Japan  “kara” is “from”

24

29.

In Japanese company, normally we do not call the top management’s name. We will address them by their job title. Example: Chairman is Mr. Chyubachi We will address him as “Kaichyosan” (会長さん)　and not “Chyubachi san”

30.

A san: Owarimashyouka (終わりましょうか。) B san: Owarimashyou (終わりましょう。)  A san: Can we stop here? B san: Yes, let’s stop here. Remarks:  “owari” is “stop” or “finish”  Can be used for meeting, discussion, classes, …etc. 31. For lesson 4 (28 July 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer: How to say when make an early move How to asking name of the other party How to recognize and write the hiragana character from あ to そ.

• • • 32.

Please refer to the sound recording files which will be prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee later for better understanding. Most of the recording disappears due to technical mistakes. Sorry for inconvenience caused. Lesson 4 (28 July 05)

1.

Revision:  How to recognize and write the hiragana character from あ to そ.  Practice on “self introduction” 2.

Hajimemashite (初めまして。) Watashi wa sekkeibu no Tan desu (私は設計部のタンです。)　 Douzo yoroshiku (どうぞ宜しく。) or Yoroshiku onegaishimasu (宜しくお願いします。) or Yoroshiku onegaiitashimasu (宜しくお願い致します。)

B1 B2 B3

 Nice to meet you.  I am Tan from Design Division.

25

 Nice to meet you. (In Mandarin, the meaning should be “请多多指教”. There is no expression in English which can present the meaning correctly) Remarks:  You can NOT use “Watashi wa sekkeibu no Tan to moushimasu” in this context. 3.

Hiragana character learning • ta (た) chi (ち) • na (な) ni (に) • ha (は) hi (ひ)

tsu (つ) nu (ぬ) fu (ふ)

te (て) ne (ね) he (へ)

to (と) no (の) ho (ほ)

Some important points to take note while written the word:

ち て な ふ へ 2

1

4

The circled portion should be in oval shape and not circle shape.

The circled portion is not a full curve.

3

This is the correct strokes sequence for “な“

The highlighted stroke should be written from left bottom to right upper direction.

The circled portion should be longer than the left portion of the stroke.

Study on “日本語かな入門英語版“, 2 課.

4. 5.

uchi (うち)  (1) house

26

 (2) home Remarks: Watashi no uchi (私のうち。)  My house 6.

hashi (橋)  Bridge hashi (箸)  Chopstick

7.

Sound structure practice ta ta ta

(The 2nd “ta” tone is higher than the 1st “ta” tone. The 3rd “ta” is pronounced at the same tone as 2nd “ta”)

ta tata

(The 1st “ta” is in high tone. The 2nd “ta” and 3rd “ta” are in low tone.)

(The 1st “ta” is in low tone, follow by the 2nd “ta” in high tone and back to low tone for the 3rd “ta”.) Ashita wa nan youbi desuka (明日は何曜日ですか。)  What day is tomorrow?  “ashita” (明日) is “tomorrow”  “nan” (何) is “what or which”  “youbi” (曜日) is “day in the week” tata ta

8.

9.

Okuni wa doko desuka (お国はどこですか。)  Where is your country?  “kuni” (国) is “country”  “Okuni” (お国) is “your country”. “O” here presents the polite form with the meaning as “your”.  “doko” (どこ) is “where”

10.

hana (花)  flower hana (鼻)  nose

11.

hone made aishite (骨まで愛して)

27

     

It is a Japanese song’s name. Meaning as “Love till into your bone”. In Mandarin, it is “爱你入骨“ . “hone” (骨) is “bone” “made” (まで) is “till” “aishite” (愛して) is “love”

12.

umai (うまい)  (1) good  (2) delicious

13.

Pronunciation practice (left->right, up->down) a i a u (あいあう) o i i e (おいいえ) e i u o (えいうお) Remarks:  Pls pronounce it in a non-stop manner. This practice enable you to pronounce 5 different characters with 5 different movement in your mouth.

14.

Revision Sentence structure 1:

Subject

wa

Watashi (私) Anata (あなた) Kare (彼) Kanojyo (彼女) Tan san (タンさん)

object desu / desuka (Subject は object です/ですか。) nihonjin (日本人) mareeshiajin (マレーシア人) gakusei (学生) sensei (先生)

For examples: Kare wa sensei desu (彼は先生です。) => He is a teacher. (ii) Anata wa nihonjin desuka (あなたは日本人ですか。) => Are you a Japanese? Sentence structure 2: Hai, ______

wa ______

desu (はい。______ は＿＿＿です。)

A1

28

Ee, .................................................(ええ、……………………………) Un, …… …………………………(うん、…………………………. )

A2 A3

Remarks: A3 only can be used by male. It can not be used by female. For examples: (i) Hai, watashi wa nihonjin desu (はい、私は日本人です。) => Yes, I am a Japanese. (ii) Ee, Tan san wa gakusei desu (ええ、タンさんは学生です。) => Yes, Ms./Mr. Tan is a student. Sentence structure 3: Iie, watashi wa _____ dewa arimasen. (Watashi wa) _____ desu [いいえ、私 は _____ ではありません。(私は)　______ です。] Remarks: (i) Since the subject is same, the 2nd “watashi wa” can be eliminated. (ii) There are two sentences for sentence structure 3. However, it can be combined into one sentence by using “nakute” to replace “arimasen”. “nakute” presents the meaning as “and / but”. Iie, watashi wa ____ dewa nakute, ____ desu (いいえ、私は_____ではなくて、_____です。) For examples: Iie, watashi wa nihonjin dewa nakute, mareeshiajin desu (いいえ、私は日本人ではなくて、マレーシア人です。)  No, I am not a Japanese but is a Malaysian. Iie, kare wa sensei dewa nakute, gakusei desu (いいえ、彼は先生なくて、学生です。)  No, he is not a teacher but is a student. 15.

chyuugoku jin (中国人)  Chinese (the people of China, not Malaysian Chinese)

16.

chyuugoku kei no mareeshiajin desu (中国系のマレーシ人です。)  Malaysian Chinese

29

17.

Nikkei jin (日系人)  Japanese who migrate to other countries. If they decided back to Japan, can become “nihonjin” (日本人) again.

18.

A san:

Anata wa Sony no enjinia desuka 　(あなたはソニーのエンジニアですか。) B1 san: Hai, sou desu (はい、そうです。) OR B2 san: Hai, watashi wa Sony no enjinia desu 　(はい、私はソニーのエンジニアです。)  A san: B1 san: B2 san:

Are you an engineer from Sony? Yes, I am. OR Yes, I am an engineer from Sony.

Remarks: B1 san’s reply is in short manner. 19.

nakute (なくて)  I don’t have.

20.

A san: Anata no kachyou san wa nihonjin desuka (あなたの課長さんは日本人ですか。) B1 san: Iie, kachyou san wa nihonjin dewa arimasen OR (いいえ。課長さんは日本人ではありません。) B2 san: Iie, kachyou san wa nihonjin dewa nai desu / jya nai desu / jya arimasen (いいえ。課長さんは日本人ではないです/ じゃないです/ じゃありません。)  A san: Is you Manager a Japanese? B1 san: No, he isn’t. B2 san: No, he isn’t. Remarks:  B2 < politeness level < B1

21.

tantou (担当)  Person in charged For example: torisetsu no tantou (取り説の担当)  Person who in charged of Instruction Manual Conversation example: Ng san: Tan san, anata wa sekkeibu no hishyo desuka

30

(タンさん、あなたは設計部の秘書ですか。) Tan san: Iie, hishyo dewa nakute, torisetsu no tantou desu (いいえ、秘書ではなくて、取り説の担当です。)  Ms/Mr Ng: Ms. Tan: 22.

Ms Tan, are you the secretary for Design Division? No, I am not the secretary. I am the person in charge of Instruction Manual.

Study on handout “DAI IKKA: SYOOKAI” (第一課：紹介)  “syoukai” is “introduction”  The Japanese version of this romanji handout can be found in “日本語でビ ジネス会話“ 23.

jiko syoukai (自己紹介)  self introduction Example: Jiko syoukai shite kudasai (自己紹介してください。)  Please introduce yourself

24.

A san: Konnichi wa (こんにちは。) B san: Konnichi wa. Watashi wa Aoki desu (こんにちは。私は青木です。) A san: Watashi wa Buraun desu (私はブラウンです。)  A san: Good afternoon. B san: Good afternoon. I am Aoki. A san: I am Buraun.

25.

A san:

Shitsurei desu ga, anata wa Kimura san desuka 　(失礼ですが、あなたは木村さんですか。) B1 san: Hai, watashi wa Kimura desu (はい、私は木村です。) B2 san: Iie, Kimura dewa nakute, Kitamura desu 　(いいえ、木村ではなくて、北村です。)  A san: Excuse me, are you Kimura san? B1 san: Yes, I am Kimura. B2 san: No, I am not Kimura but is Kitamura.

26.

shitsurei desu ga (失礼ですが)  Excuse me  Same meaning as “sumimasen ga” (すみませんが)

31

 There is no “desu” for “sumimasen ga”. “sumimasen desuga” is wrong. 27.

sumimasen (すみません)  Sorry  Use when a junior say sorry to a senior

28.

gomennasai (ごめんなさい)  Sorry  Use when a senior say sorry to a junior gomen (ごめん)  Sorry  Use when a mother say sorry to a child

29.

konnichiwa (こんにちは。)  good afternoon  hallo (for 1st time meet only)

30.

A san: Sumimasenga / shitsureidesu ga, onamae nan desuka (すみませんが / 失礼ですが、お名前は何ですか。) B san: Watashi wa Tan desu (私はタンです。)  A san: Excuse me, may I know your name? B san: Yes, I am Tan.

31.

A san: Sumimasenga, anata wa Lee san desuka (すみませんが、あなたはリーさんですか。) B san: Iie, watashi wa Lee dewa nakute, Oo desu (いいえ、私はリーではなくて、ウーです。)  A san: Excuse me, are you Ms. Lee? B san: No, I am not Lee but is Oo. Remarks: Pls notice that when B san makes a reply, she doesn’t address herself as Lee san or Oo san but just Lee or Oo.

32.

kono hito / kono kata (この人 /この方)  This person

32

   

“hito” (人) or “kata” (方) is “person” “kata” is more polite if compare with “hito” In Mandarin, “hito” is “这个人“ and “kata” is “这位“ When pronounce fast, “kono hito” become “konoshito”

sono hito / sono kata (その人 /その方)  That person  When pronounce fast, “sono hito” become “sonoshito” ano hito / ano kata (あの人 /あの方)  That person over there  When pronounce fast, “ano hito” become “anoshito” dono hito / dono kata (どの人 / の方)  Which person  “dono” is “which”  eg: Chachai san wa dono kata desuka (チャチャイさんはどの方です か。) - Which person is Mr. Chachai?

33. A

C

B

A san: Kono kata wa donata desuka (この方はどなたですか。) C san: Sono kata wa B san desu. (その方は B さんです。)  A: Who is this person  C: That person is B san.  “donata” is “who” 34. A

B

C

33

A san: Sono kata wa donata desuka (その方はどなたですか) C san: Kono kata wa B san desu. (この方は B さんです。)  A: Who is that person  C: This person is B san. 35. A

C

B

A san: Ano kata wa donata desuka (あの方はどなたですか) C san: Ano kata wa B san desu. (あの方は B さんです。)  A: Who is that person  C: That person is B san.

36.

mo (も)  Also Example: A san: Watashi wa gakusei desu (私は学生です。) B san: Watashi mo gakusei desu (私も学生です。)  A san: I am a student. B san: I am also a student.

37.

38.

kaishain (会社員)  Same as “shain” (社員)  Staff shyain desuyo (社員ですよ)  The word “yo” (よ) shows that you are very sure (with strong confident) with what you are talking about.  In Mandarin, it carry the meaning as “很肯定的语气“. Example: Ano kata mo mareeshiajin desuyo (あの方もマレーシア人ですよ。)

34

 That person over there is also a Malaysian. 39.

sou desuka (そうですか。)  Really? aa..sou desuka (ああ…そうですか。)  Oh, I see. 40.

41.

donata / dare (どなた / だれ)  Who  “donata” is more polite than “dare” Sentence structure We can use “de” and change the “.” symbol to “,”to combine two single sentences (same subject with different object or different subject with different object) into one sentence as follow: Example 1 (same subject with different object : S1: Watashi wa Sony no shyain desu (私はソニーの社員です。) S2: Watashi wa Mareeshiajin desu (私はマレーシア人です。) S1+S2: Watashi wa Sony no shyain de, mareeshiajin desu (私はソニーの社員で、マレーシア人です。)  S1: I am a staff from Sony. S2: I am a Malaysian. S1 +S2: I am a staff from Sony and I am a Malaysian. Examples 2 (same subject with different object): S1: Watashi wa Sony no shyain desu (私はソニーの社員です。) S2: Namae wa Tan desu (名前はタンです。) S1+S2: Watashi wa Sony no shyain de, Tan desu (私はソニーの社員で、タンです。)  S1: S2: S1 +S2:

I am a staff from Sony. I am Tan. I am Tan from Sony.

Examples 3 (different subject with different object): S1: Lee san wa Sony no shyain desu (リさんはソニーの社員です。) S2: Yamada san wa nihon jin desu (山田さんは日本人です。) S1+S2: Lee san wa Sony no shyain de, Yamada san wa nihon jin desu (リさんはソニーの社員で、山田さんは日本人です。)  S1:

Mr. Lee is a staff from Sony.

35

S2: S1 +S2: 42.

Mr. Yamada is a Japanese Mr Lee is a staff from Sony and Mr. Yamada is a Japanese.

Sentence structure You also can join two single sentences by using “soshite” (そして). It presents the meaning as “and”. However, it still remains as two single sentences. Subject is not necessary refers to the same item. Example 1: S1: Watashi wa Sony no shyain desu (私はソニーの社員です。) S2: Namae wa Tan desu (名前はタンです。) S1+S2: Watashi wa Sony no shyain desu. Soshite, namae wa Tan desu. (私はソニーの社員です。そして、名前はタンです。)  S1: S2: S1 +S2:

I am a staff from Sony. My name is Tan. I am Tan from Sony.

Example 2: S1: Watashi wa mareeshiajin desu (私はマレーシア人です。) S2: Lee san wa Singaporujin desu (リーさんはシンガポール人です。) S1+S2: Watashi wa mareeshiajin desu. Soshite, Lee san wa Singaporujin desu. (私はマレーシア人です。そして、リーさんはシンガポール人です。)  S1: S2: S1 +S2: 43.

I am a Malaysian. Mr. Lee is a Singaporean. I am a Malaysian and Mr. Lee is a Singaporean.

Chachai san wa ano otoko desu (チャチャイさんはあの男です。)  Chachai is that gentleman over there  “ano” is “that”  “otoko” is “gentleman / man” onna (女)  lady

44.

Okyaku san wa Tanaka san desuka, Yamada san desuka (お客さんは田中さんですか、山田さんですか。)  Are you Mr. Tanaka or Mr. Yamada? 45.

For lesson 5 (4 Aug 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer:  Pronunciation practice for item 15 in lesson 4 notes

36

 How to recognize and write the hiragana character from あ to ほ.  Practice on the previous lesson items 46.

Please refer to the sound recording files which prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee for better understanding. It has been sent out yesterday.

Lesson 5 (4 Aug 05) 1. •

• •

Revision: Pronunciation practice (left->right, up->down) a i a u (あいあう) o i i e (おいいえ) e i u o (えいうお) Practice of hiragana character pronunciation from あ till ほ Practice of hiragana character writing (combination for few characters) しかく (square) あおい (blue) おととい (the day before yesterday) きせつ (season) うそ (lie) 2.

Hiragana character learning (include pronunciation) • ma (ま) mi (み) mu (む) me (め) • ya (や) yu (ゆ) • ra (ら) ri (り) ru (る) re (れ) • wa (わ)

mo (も) yo (よ) ro (ろ) o (を)

37

•

n (ん)

Some important points to take note while written the word:

み む

The marked portion is curve. It is NOT straight.

1

2

2.

1. The marked portion is curve. The marked portion is not appears in actual writing. It is only for printing purpose.

1

2

も ゆ よ ら り

3

2

1. Please take note on the stroke sequence.

1. The circled portion needs to meet between each other.

1

1. Please take note on the stroke sequence.

1. The circled portion is oval and not round shape.

2

1

2.

1. The circled portion is tick. The marked portion is not appears in actual writing. It is only for printing purpose.

38

る

1. The portion which marked with rectangle should above the horizontal line.

ろ

1. The portion which marked with rectangle should above the horizontal line.

3.

“wo” (を) is a particle used before a verb. Nani wo tabemasuka (何をたべますか。)  What do you eat?  “nani” (何) is “what” Gohan wo tabemasuka (ご飯をたべますか。)  Do you want to have some meal?  “gohan” (ご飯) is “rice”

4.

Goshyoukai sasete itadakimashyouka (ご紹介させていただきましょうか。)  Shall I introduce both of you?  “shyoukai” (紹介) is “introduce”

A1

Goshyoukai shimashyouka (ご紹介しましょうか。) A2  Shall I introduce both of you? Remarks: A2 < politeness level < A1 5.

Example of Introduction Conversation Yamada

B san:

B

Tan

Goshyoukai sasete itadakimashyouka (ご紹介させていただきましょうか。)

39

Kochira wa douryou no Yamada san desu (こちらは同僚の山田さんです。) Kochira wa tomodachi no Tan desu (こちらは友達のタンさんです。) Yamada san and Tan san: Hajimemashite. Douzo yoroshiku (はじめまして。どうぞ宜しく。) or Hajimemashite. Yoroshiku onegaishimasu (はじめまして。宜しくお願いします。) or Hajimemashite. Yoroshiku onegaiitashimasu (はじめまして。宜しくお願い致します。)  B san: Shall I introduce both of you This is my colleague, Mr. Yamada. This is my friend, Ms Tan.

B1 B2 B3

Mr Yamada and Ms Tan: Nice to meet you.    

“douryou” (同僚) is “colleague” “tomodachi” (友達) is “friend” B1 < B2 < B3 (politeness level) In Mandarin, “kochira” is “这位“

6.

Cassette listening for “DAI IKKA : SYOOKAI”, page 1~2

7.

There is an information revision for lesson 4, item 43 (page 35~36). “de” can be used to join two single sentences with different subject. For details, please refer to item 43, page 35~36. 8.

futari (二人)  Two persons Futatsu (二つ)  Two items Example: Ofutari wa nihonjin desuka (お二人は日本人ですか。)  Are both of you Japanese?  In Mandarin, “ofutari (お二人) is “你们俩位“ Ofutari wa Sony no shyain desuka (お二人はソニーの社員ですか。)

40

 Are both of you Sony’s staff? 9.

watashi (私)  I watashitachi (私たち)  We

10.

Example: Hai, watashitachi wa Sony no shyain desu (はい、私たちはソニーの社員です。)  Yes, we are Sony’s staff ginkou (銀行)  Bank ginkouin (銀行員)  Bank staff

11.

Ano hito wa dare desuka (あの人は誰ですか。) or A1 Ano kata wa donata desuka (あの方はどなたですか。) A2  Who is that person over there?  “hito” always come with “dare” and “kata” always come with “donata”  A1 < politeness level < A2

12.

Yamada san wa otoko desuka, onnadesuka (山田さんは男ですか、女ですか。)  Is Yamada san a gentleman or a lady?  Please notice that this sentence structure is referring to the same subject

13.

kono kata (この方) / kochira (こちら)  This is Example: Kono kata wa Rin san desu (この方はリンさんです。) Kochira wa Rin san desu (こちらはリンさんです。)  This is Ms. Ling

14.

dono kata (どの方)  Which person Example: Tan san wa dono kata desuka (タンさんはどの方ですか。)  Who is Mr. Tan / Which person is Mr. Tan?

41



15. otoko (男) / otoko no hito (男の人) gentleman onna (女) / onna no hito (女の人)



lady



boy

otoko no ko ( 男の子) onna no ko (女の子) 

girl



Example: Lee san mo Tan san mo Maeda san mo Yoshioka san mo otoko no hito desu (リーさんもタンさんも前田さんも吉岡さんも男の人です。) Mr. Lee, Mr. Tan, Mr. Maeda and Mr. Yoshioka are gentlemen.



16. ano otoko (あの男) that gentleman



ano onna (あの女) that lady 17.

 

Tan san wa tadaima imasen (タンさんはただいまいません。) or Tan san wa tadaima orimasen (タンさんはただいまおりません。)　 Mr. Tan is not around A1 < politeness level < A2

 

18. Seki wo hazushite imasu (席をはずしています。) Just leave his / her seat “seki” (席)is “seat”

A1 A2

“日本語でビジネス会話“ study (page 7)

19.

kore (これ) 

this is sore (それ)



that is



are (あれ) that one over there

42

Remarks: After “kore”, “sore”, and “are”, it should be a particle.

 

For eg: Kore wa hon desu (これは本です。) This is a book In this context, “wa” (は) is the particle

Kono

wa Tan san desu (この　　　はタンさんです。) Sensei (先生) Gakusei (学生) Biyoushi (美容師)

Remarks: In Mandarin, “kono” is “这个“. There should be a noun in between “kono” and the particle “wa”.



20. Car



Kore wa kuruma desu (これは車です。) This is a car



Kono kuruma wa nihon no kuruma desu (この車は日本の車です。) This is a car which made in Japan 21.



kuruma (車)

Kore wa nan desuka (これは何ですか。) Sore wa hon desu (それは本です。) Nan no hon desuka (何の本ですか。) Sore wa nihongo no hon desu (それは日本語の本です。)

What is this? This is a book. What kind of book? This is a Japanese book. 22. hon (本)　 : book jishyo / jibiki / jiten (辞書　字引　辞典)

43

: dictionary shinbun (新聞)　 : newspaper zasshi (雑誌) : magazine kitte (切手) : stamp fuutou (封筒) : envelope hagaki (葉書) : postcard meishi (名刺) : name card waupuro (ワープロ) : word processor (notebook) konpyuuta (コンピュータ)　 : computer kaukyuretaa (カウキュレター) / keisanki (計算機) : calculator (small) dentaku (電卓) : calculator (big, connected by electricity) denwa (電話 ) : telephone tsukue (机 ) : table isu (いす) : chair enpitsu (鉛筆 )　

44

: pencil bourupen (ボールペン)　 : ball pen nouto (ノート)　 : note tokei (時計) : clock / watch udedokei (腕時計) : watch mezamashi dokei (目覚し時計)　 : alarm clock ginkou (銀行) : bank byouin (病院) : hospital bi youin (美容院)　 : beauty center yuubinkyoku (郵便局)　 : post office koujyou (工場)　 : factory tabemono (食べ物) : food kudamono (果物) : fruit nomimono (飲み物 ) : drink

45

kouhii (コーヒー) : coffee biiru (ビール) : beer biru (ビル) : building jyuusu (ジュース) : juice orenji jyuusu (オレンジジュース ) : orange juice ringo jyuusu (リンゴジュース ) : apple juice meron jyuusu (メロンジュース ) : watermelon juice shio (塩) : salt satou (砂糖) : sugar sa tou (佐藤) : name of a Japanese



23. Kore wa doko no kitte desuka (これはどこの切手ですか。) Where is this stamp from?



Sore wa nihon no kitte desu (それは日本の切手です。) This is stamp from Japan



Kore wa donata no meishi desuka (これはどなたの名刺ですか。) Who is the owner for this name card? Sore wa Lee san no meishi desu (それはリーさんの名刺です。)

46



This name card belongs to Mr. Lee 24.

For lesson 6 (11 Aug 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer: • Pronunciation & writing for all the 46 hiragana charactors. Teacher will give dictation for 20 of the characters (romanji + hiragana) • How to make an introduction (> one person, not self introduction. For eg: A introduct B and C to each other) • Take one sentence structure from “DAI IKKA : SYOOKAI” handout, modify it and use it to ask your friend. At the same time, pls make sure that you are able to answer your friend’s question as well. • Practice on the previous lesson items

25.

Please refer to the sound recording files which prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee for better understanding. It has been sent out yesterday.

47

Lesson 6 (11 Aug 05) 1. • •

Revision: Dictation (26 hiragana characters and romanji writing) Hiragana characters – test on writing skill Romanji – test on listening skill Practice of “Introduction of two parties” Example of Introduction Conversation

Yamada

B san:

B

Tan

Goshyoukai sasete itadakimashyouka (ご紹介させていただきましょうか。) Kochira wa douryou no Yamada san desu (こちらは同僚の山田さんです。) Kochira wa tomodachi no Tan desu (こちらは友達のタンさんです。)

Yamada san and Tan san: Hajimemashite. Douzo yoroshiku (はじめまして。どうぞ宜しく。) or Hajimemashite. Yoroshiku onegaishimasu (はじめまして。宜しくお願いします。) or Hajimemashite. Yoroshiku onegaiitashimasu (はじめまして。宜しくお願い致します。)

B1 B2 B3

 B san: Shall I introduce both of you This is my colleague, Mr. Yamada. This is my friend, Ms Tan. Mr Yamada and Ms Tan: Nice to meet you.

48

Remarks: B1 < B2 < B3 (politeness level)

日本語かな入門 4 課 and 5 課 study

2. 3.

4.

Hiragana character learning (include pronunciation) • ga (が) gi (ぎ) gu (ぐ) ge (げ) • za (ざ) ji (じ) zu (ず) ze (ぜ) • da (だ) ji (ぢ) zu (づ) de (で) • ba (ば) bi (び) bu (ぶ) be (べ) • pa (ぱ) pi (ぴ) pu (ぷ) pe (ぺ) ji

じ

ぢ

zu

ず

づ

Grp A

Grp B

go (ご) zo (ぞ) do (ど) bo (ぼ) po (ぽ)

Group A:  direct writing from romanji to hiragana  basically 99% will be in this group Group B:  normally use when there is a pronunciation change when combine with other words  Example 1: Blood (血) - ち Nose-bleed (鼻血) - はなぢ Original work is ち. When combine with other words and in order to smooth the pronunciation, it become ぢ . 5.

Nagasaki (長崎) - ながさき Yamazaki (山崎) - やまざき Remarks: “sa” become “za” when it combine with some other words.

6.

ginkou (銀行) - ぎんこう

49

Remarks: When “g” sound is in front of the word, it will be pronounced clearly, no nasal sound will be used. Omizu kudasai (お水ください)  Water please  “mizu” is “water”  “kudasai” is “please”

7.

Remark: You can replace the underlined word with other types of drink. For examples: kouhii kudasai (コーヒーください)  Coffee please biiru kudasai (ビールください)  Beer please jyuusu kudasai (ジュースください)  Juice please orenji jyuusu kudasai (オレンジジュースください )  Orange juice please ringo jyuusu kudasai (リンゴジュースください )  Apple juice please meron jyuusu kudasai (メロンジュースください )  Watermelon juice please

10.

8.

Nan nin kazoku desuka (何人家族ですか )  How many people in your family?  “nan nin” is “how many people”  “kazoku” is “family”

9.

denki (電気 / 電器)  (1) electricity  (2) fluorescent lamp yubiwa (指環)  ring

50

 “yubi” is “finger”  “wa” is “ring”  “daiya no yubiwa” (ダイヤの指環) is “diamond ring” 11.

hebi (蛇)  snake tera (寺)  temple snake temple (蛇寺)  hebi dera ebi (海老)  prawn

12.

a, i, u, e, o (あ, い, う, え, お)  named as “boin” (母音)  vowel

13.

Homework:  (1) 日本語かな入門テスト 1 (page 24~26)  (2) handout “練習問題 “ (1) 1, (1)2, (1)3, 1(4) Remarks: The homework need to be submitted on 18 Aug 05.

14.

Practice on the below sentence structure. Kore wa nan desuka (これは何ですか。)  What is this item? Sore wa nan desuka (それは何ですか。)  What is that item? Are wa nan desuka (あれは何ですか。)  What is that item over there? 15.

tekisuto (テキスト) / kyoukashyo (教科書)  Text book For example:

51

Kore wa nan no hon desuka (これは何の本ですか。)  What type of book is this? Sore wa nihongo no tekisuto desu (それは日本語のテキストです。)  That is a Japanese text book. 16.

keitaidenwa (携帯電話)  Handphone

17.

Iie, shirimasen (いいえ、知りません。) 　 or Iie, shiranai desu (いいえ、知らないです。) or Iie, shiranai (いいえ、知らない。)  I don’t know  A1 & A2 are polite and formal usage  A3 is unformal usage

A1 A2 A3

For example: Donata no hon desuka (どなたの本ですか。) Iie, shirimasen (いいえ、知りません。)  Whose book is this this? I don’t know 18.

donata (どなた) / dare (だれ)  who

19.

donata no (どなたの) / dare no (だれの)  whose Kore wa donata no hagaki desuka (これはどなたの葉書ですか。)  Whose postcard is this?  “hagaki” is “postcard” Conversation example1: Kore wa donata no meishi desuka (これはどなたの名刺ですか。) Sore wa Tan san no meishi desu (それはタンさんの名刺です。) or Kono meishi wa Tan san no desu (この名刺はタンさんのです。) or Tan san no desu (タンさんのです。)  Whose name card is this? That is Ms. Tan’s name card or That name card belongs to Ms. Tan or Ms. Tan’s

A1 A2 A3 A1 A2 A3

52

Remarks:  A1, A2 and A3 are dirrerent ways of answering  A3 is a shorter answering method (Obmit the noun. Here refer to “meishi”) Conversation example2: Tan san, kore wa anato no kuruma desuka (タンさん、これはあなたの車ですか。) Iie, sore wa watashi no (kuruma) dewa arimasen [いいえ、それは私の(車)ではありません。] Lee san no desu (リーさんのです。)  Ms. Tan, is this your car? No, that is not my car. It is Mr. Lee’s car 20.

kagi (鑰)  key gomu (ゴム)  rubber keshigomu (消しゴム)  eraser monosashi (ものさし)  ruler o kashi (お菓子)  candy okashi (おかし)  funny / strange fukuro (袋)  plastic bag / pouch / carrying case kaban (かばん)  bag nouto (ノート)  note kami (紙)

53

 paper raitaa (ライター)  lighter enpitsu (鉛筆)  pencil bourupen (ボールペン)　  ball pen kuruma no kagi (車の鑰)  car key meishi (名刺)  name card udedokei (腕時計)  watch 21.

Conversation example: Sensei: Minasan: Sensei: Lee san: Sensei: Tan san: Sensei: Tan san: Sensei:



Teacher:

Minasan, kore wa nan desuka (先生：皆さん、これは何ですか。) Sore wa kagi desu (それは鑰です。) Donata no (kagi) desuka [どなたの(鑰)ですか。] Tan san no (kagi) desu [タンさんの(鑰)です。] Aa, sou desuka (ああ。そうですか。) Tan san, kono kagi wa anata no desuka (タンさん、この鑰はあなたのですか。) Hai, sou desu (はい、そうです。) Douzo (どうそ) Arigato gozaimashita (ありがとうございました。) Douitashimashite (どういたしまして。)

(Talk to every one in the class) What is this? Class: That is a key. Teacher: Whose key is this? Mr. Lee: This is Ms Tan’s key Teacher: Oh, I see. Ms. Tan, is this your key? Ms. Tan: Yes, it is mine. Teacher: Please have your key [In short, it means “Please”. Used when give something to somebody)

g

54

Ms. Tan: Thank you very much. Teacher: You are welcome.  The word “(kagi)” (鑰) is optional in later part of the sentence since it has been expressed earlier in the question. 23.

Kore wa Tan san no kami desune (これはタンさんの紙ですね。)  This is Ms. Tan’s paper, isn’t it?  “ne” which join with the word “desu” presents the meaning as “isn’t it?”

24.

Minasan ni kiitte kudasai (皆さんにきいってください。)  Please ask to everybody  There are two meanings for the word “kiitte” ni + iitte => ask to wo + kiitte => listen to In this context, it presents meaning (i) as “ask to”

25.

Tan san ni watashite kudasai (タンさんに渡してください。)  Please pass / hand it to Ms. Tan  “watashite” is “hand over” or “pass to”

26.

Kore wa onaji desu (これは同じです。)  This is the same  “onaji” is “same”

27.

Kore wa donna iro desuka (これはどんな色ですか。)  What is this colour?  “donna” is “what”  “iro” is “colour”

-

For example: Kore wa donata no akai pen desuka (これはどなたの赤いボールペンですか。)  This red pen belongs to whom?  “akai” is “red” 28.

kawai (かわい)  cute houmon (訪問)  visit

29.

nanijin (何人)

55

 people from which country (not so polite) / citizenship  Better use the other sentence structure as follows Doko no kuni no kata (どこの国の方)  people from which country (polite)  “kuni” is “country”  “kata” is “people” 30.

Mou ippai ikaga desuka (もういっぱいいかがですか。) Mou ippai dou desuka (もういっぱいどうですか。)  How about one more cup?  In Mandarin, it should be “再来一杯如何“  “ikaga” is “how about”  “mou” is “one more”  “ippai” is “one cup”  A2 < politeness level < A1

31.

or

A1 A2

Ashita wa ikaga desuka (明日はいかがですか。)  How about tomorrow? Tan san wa ikaga desuka (タンさんはいかがですか。 )  How about Ms. Tan  You can use this sentence when propose somebody. For eg: candidate to handle a project or for a business trip.

32.

Hand out DAI NI KA : HOuMON (1) study 33.



A san:

A1 san: A2 san: B1 san: B2 san: B3 san:

Osakini shitsureishimasu (お先に失礼します。) Osakini (お先に。) Otsukaresame deshita (お疲れ様でした。) Gokurou san / sama deshita (ご苦労さん /　さまでした。) or Otsukaresama de gozaimashita (お疲れさめでございました。)

I am making an earlier move B1 san: Thank you (for your effort) B2 san: Thank you (for your effort) or B3 san: Thank you (for your effort) Remarks:  B2 and B3 present the same meaning.  A1 is used by a junior to a senior when make an early move. The senior will reply in B1 method.

56

 A2 is uded by a senior to a junior when make an early move. . The junior will reply in B2 method.  In Mandarin, the meaning for B1 and B2 should be “辛苦你了“ 34.

nado (など)  etc kankokujin ya kanadajin ya doitsujin nado desu (韓国人やカナダ人やドイツ人などです。)  Korean, Canadian, German and etc  Normally two to three examples will be found in this type of sentence structure. Here it refer to “Korean”, “Canadian” and “German”  “ya” is “besides”  “nado” is “etc”  In this sentence structure, we understood that besides the three mentioned citizenships, they are some others which not mentioned here.

35.

kankokujin to kanadajin to doitsujin desu (韓国人とカナダ人とドイツ人です。)  Korean, Canadian, and German  “to” is “and”  In this sentence structure, we understood that there is no other citizenship besides those mentioned. All have been spelt out. For example: A san : Gakusei wa doko no kuni no kata desuka (学生はどこの国の方ですか。) B1 san: Kankokujin to kanadajin to doitsujin desu (韓国人とカナダ人とドイツ人です。 ) B2 san: kankokujin ya kanadajin ya doitsujin nado desu (韓国人やカナダ人やドイツ人などです。)

36.

irasshaimase (いらっしゃいませ)  Welcome  Normally used in a shop, restaurants, … Youkoso (ようこそ)  Welcome  Normally used on a banner 37.

Yokuirasshyaimashita (よくいらっしゃいました)  Welcome  Same meaning as “irasshaimase”

57

 In Mandarin, it is “谢谢你的光临“ 39.

irasshaimase. (Douzo)  “Douzo” is a simplied version from : Douzo ohairi kudasai Douzo oagari kudasai  “agari” is “raise up”  (ii) presents the meaning to come in and raise up your steps (due to the tatami structure). 40.

For lesson 7 (18 Aug 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer:  item 31 in note lesson 6  item 34 in note lesson 6  How to make an introduction (> one person, not self introduction. For eg: A introduct B and C to each other)  Take one sentence structure from “DAI IKKA : SYOOKAI” handout, modify it and use it to ask your friend. At the same time, pls make sure that you are able to answer your friend’s question as well.

41.

Please refer to the sound recording files which prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee for better understanding. It has been sent out this morning.

58

Lesson 7 (18 Aug 05) 1.

Revision: irasshaimase. (Douzo)  “Douzo” is a simplied version from : Douzo ohairi kudasai Douzo oagari kudasai  “agari” is “raise up”  (ii) presents the meaning to come in and raise up your steps (due to the tatami structure). •

A1 san: A2 san: B1 san: B2 san: B3 san:

Osakini shitsureishimasu (お先に失礼します。) Osakini (お先に。) Otsukaresame deshita (お疲れ様でした。) Gokurou san / sama deshita (ご苦労さん /　さまでした。) or Otsukaresama de gozaimashita (お疲れさめでございました。)

 A san: I am making an earlier move B1 san: Thank you (for your effort) B2 san: Thank you (for your effort) or B3 san: Thank you (for your effort) Remarks:  B2 and B3 present the same meaning.  A1 is used by a junior to a senior when make an early move. The senior will reply in B1 method.  A2 is uded by a senior to a junior when make an early move. . The junior will reply in B2 method.  In Mandarin, the meaning for B1 and B2 should be “辛苦你了“ 2.

Goenryou naku douzo takusan tabete kudasai (ご縁量なくどうぞたくさん食べてください。)  Please don’t be shy / please make yourself at home, and eat more.  “goenryou naku douzo” (ご縁量なくどう) is “please make yourself at home” or “please don’t be shy”.  “douzo” is “please”  “takusan” is “more”  “tabete” is “eat”

59

 “douzo” can be move to in front of “goenryou naku” as: Douzo goenryou naku takusan tabete kudasai (どうぞご縁量なくどたくさん食べて ください。) Other examples as follows: Douzo goenryou naku utatte kudasai (どうぞご縁量なく歌ってください。)  Please don’t be shy / please make yourself at home, and please sing.  “utatte” (歌って) is “sing”. Douzo goenryou naku isshyoni utatte kudasai (どうぞご縁量なく一緒に歌ってください。)  Please don’t be shy / please make yourself at home, and please sing together.  “isshyoni” (一緒に) is “together”. 3.

A san:

Sumimasenga. Onamae wo nan desuka. (すみませんが。お名前を何ですか。) B1 san: Watashi no namae wa Tan desu (私の名前はタンです。) B2 san: Watashi wa Tan desu (私はタンです。) B3 san: Watashi wa Sony no Tan desu (私はソニーのタンです。) 　Shitsureidesuga, onamae wa (しつれですが、お名前は ) A san: Watashi wa Oo desu. Douzo arigatou gozaimasu (私はウーです。どうぞありがとうございます。) B san: Doitashimashite (どいたしまして。)  A san: Excuse me. What is your name? B1 san: My name is Tan. Or B2 san: I am Tan. Or B3 san: I am Tan from Sony. 　　　　　Execuse me, how about your? A san: I am Oo. Thank you. B san: You are welcome. Remarks:  “sumimasen” alone is presents the meaning as “sorry”. When “sumimasen” combine with “ga”, it presents the meaning as “excuse me”.  “ga” which combine with the word “sumimasen” is pronounced as “gak” in a soft sound manner.  “namae” (名前) is “name”  “nan” (何) is “what”.  “no” (の) is “belongs to”

4.

日本語かな入門 study (6 課, page 27~30)

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 Sokuon (促音) is stop sound.  6 課 teach about stop sounds.  Represent by small tsu (っ)  For eg: rakkasan (らっかさん、落下傘) : parachute gakki (がっき、楽器) : musical instrument sekken (せっけん、石鹸) : soap kekkon (けっこん、結婚) : marriage zasshi (ざっし、雑誌) : magazine kitte (きって、切手) : stamp rappa (らっぱ、喇叭) : trumpet kippu (きっぷ、切符) : ticket hoppeta (ほっぺた、頬っぺた) : cheek ikkai (いっかい、一階) : ground floor chika (ちか、地下) : basement chika nikai (ちか　にかい、地下二階) : basement level two さんかい、三階 にかい、二階 いっかい、一階 ちか　いっかい、地下一階

Floor

ちか　にかい、地下二階 ちか　さんかい、地下三階 sakka (さっか、作家) : writer nikki (にっき、日記) : diary hakken (はっけん、発見) : discovery issatsu (いっさつ、一冊) : one book hassen (はっせん、八千) : eight thousands kesseki (けっせき、欠席) : absence nettai (ねったい、熱帯) : tropical country asatte (あさって、明後日) : the day after tomorrow kogitte (こぎって、小切手) : cheque ippun (いっぷん、一分) : one minute roppun (ろっぷん、六分) : six minutes shippai (しっぱい、失敗) : failure seinengappi (せいねんがっぴ、生年月日) : date of birth

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5.

日本語かな入門 study (7 課, page 30~34)  7 課 teach about long sounds.  For eg: okaasan (おかあさん、お母さん) : 1. mother of the other party 2. mummy (little children call their mother) oba asan (おばあさん、お婆さん) : 1. grandmother 2. old lady obaasan (おばあさん) : auntie oniisan (おにいさん、お兄さん) : brother of the other party meishi (めいし、名詞) : noun mei shi (めいし、名刺) : name card

6.

heya (へや、部屋) : room heya bangou (へやばんごう、部屋番号) : room number heiwa (へいわ、平和) : peace 7.

haha (はは、母) : my mother watashi no haha (wrong) haha san (wrong) Remarks: From the word “haha”, it is understood that is own mother.

8.

Hiragana character learning (include pronunciation) • kya (きゃ) kyu (きゅ) kyo (きょ) • gya (ぎゃ) gyu (ぎゅ) gyo (ぎょ) • sha (しゃ) shu (しゅ) sho (しょ) • ja (じゃ) ju (じゅ) jo (じょ) • cha (ちゃ) chu (ちゅ) cho (ちょ) • nya (にゃ) nyu (にゅ) nyo (にょ) • hya (ひゃ) hyu (ひゅ) hyo (ひょ) • bya (びゃ) byu (びゅ) byo (びょ)

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• • • 9. 10.

pyu (ぴゅ) myu (みゅ) ryu (りゅ)

pyo (ぴょ) myo (みょ) ryo (りょ)

Cassette listening to DAINIKA : HOUMON (I) and (II) Mou ippai ikaga desuka (もういっぱいいかがですか。) Mou ippai dou desuka (もういっぱいどうですか。)  How about one more cup?  In Mandarin, it should be “再来一杯如何“  “ikaga” is “how about”  “mou” is “one more”  “ippai” is “one cup”  A2 < politeness level < A1

11.

12.

pya (ぴゃ) mya (みゃ) rya (りゃ)

or

A1 A2

Douzo (どうそ)  “douzo” is “please”.  Should use with action or else the other party might not able to get the meaning.

In Japanese culture, when you enter a shop, a house, or a room (after the other party greet you with “irasshaimase”); you need to say something back. For eg: Shitsureishimasu (失礼します)  Execuse me Ojyama shimasu (おじゃまします。)  Execuse me for trouble you  In Mandarin, it is “麻烦你了“  “jyama” is “trouble” 13.

ojyama shimasu (おじゃまします。)  Execuse me for trouble you  Use when you reach the house ojyama shimashita (おじゃましました。)  Execuse me for trouble you  Use when you leave the house

14.

When there is an empty seat and you would like to sit on. You need to say something before you can do so.

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Shitsureishimasu (失礼します)  Execuse me Remarks: “Ojyama shimasu” can not be used in this context. 15.

purezento / okurimono (プレゼント /　贈り物)  Present For eg: Tanjyoubi omedetou gozaimasu (誕生日おめでとうございます。) Kore wa okurimono desu (これは贈り物です。)  Happy birthday This is the present

16.

nominono (飲み物)  drink mizuwari (水割り)  whisky with some plain water

17.

oishii (おいしい)  delicious  can be used for eating or drinking Sometimes when a Japanese only have a plain of water in a hot day, they can use “oishii” to express their feeling as “comfortable” For eg: Oishii desu ne (おいしいですね。)  In Mandarin, it is “好舒服“

18. 19.

Itadakimasu (いただきます。)  Used when you want to start eating / drinking something gochisousama (ごちそうさま。)  (1) Thank you for your entaitament  (2) Thank you, I am full  (3) Thank you very much for your delicious food gochisousamadeshita (ごちそうさまでした。)

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 Thank you very much for your delicious food  Used when finish eating / drinking 20.

A san: B1 san: B2 san:  A: B1: B2:

21.

Mou ippai ikaga desuka (もういっぱいいかがですか。) Onegaishimasu (おねがいします。) Iie, mou kekkou desu (いいえ、もうけっこうです。) How about one more cup? Yes, plese No, thank you.

Shio wa dore desuka (塩はどれですか。)  Which is the salt? Tan san no kaban wa dore desuka (タンさんのかばんはどれですか。)  Which is Ms. Tan’s bag? Oo san no kuruma wa dore desuka (ウーさんの車はどれですか。)  Which is Ms. Oo’s car? Remarks:  “dore” is “which”  It is generated from “kore”, “sore” and “are” Example: There are three items on the table. Item A: pepper (koshyou, こしょう、胡椒 ) Item B: sugar (satou, さとう、砂糖) Item c: salt (shio, しお、塩)

22.

You can ask questions with “dore”, “donata” or “doko” in two types of sentence structure. Structure 1: Shio wa dore desuka (塩はどれですか。)  Which is the salt?  Noun + wa + dore…..  “どれ” is after the particle “は” Shyachyou san wa donata desuka (社長さんはどなたですか。)

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 Who is the GM?  Noun + wa + donata…..  “どなた” is after the particle “は” Toire wa doko desuka (トイレはどこですか。)  Where is the toilet?  Noun + wa + dokoa…..  “どこ” is after the particle “は” Structure 2: Dore ga shio desuka (どれが塩ですか。)  Which is the salt?  “どれ“ + “が“ + noun. ….. Donata ga shyachyou san desuka (どなたが社長さんですか。)  Who is the GM?  “どなた“ + “が“ + noun. ….. Doko ga toire desuka (どこがトイレですか。)  Where is the toilet?  “どこ“ + “が“ + noun. ….. 23. By referring to item 22 in this note, when the question is ask in sentence structure 1, you answer should be in structure 1 only or the other way. Q1: A1:

Shio wa dore desuka (塩はどれですか。) Shio wa kore desu ( 塩はこれです。)　

Q2: A2:

Dore ga shio desuka (どれが塩ですか。) Are ga shio desu (あれが塩です。)　

Q3: A3:

Donata ga sensei desuka (どなたが先生ですか。) Eda san ga sensei desu (エダーさんが先生です。)

Q4: A4:

Toire wa doko desuka (トイレはどこですか。) Toire wa asoko desu (トイレはあそこです。)

You can not answer question Q1 with A2 or answer Q2 with A1 and etc. 24.

For lesson 8 (25 Aug 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer:

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 Take one sentence structure from “DAI IKKA : SYOOKAI” handout, modify it and use it to ask your friend. At the same time, pls make sure that you are able to answer your friend’s question as well.  Romanji -> hiragana  Homework (5 sentences from romanji to hiragana), submit during lesson 8.  “練習問題 (2) 1~ (2) 3, need to submit during lesson 8.  Practice on the handout for “Mou Ippai Ikaga Desuka” 25.

Please refer to the sound recording files which prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee for better understanding. It has been sent out this morning.

Lesson 8 (25 Aug 05)

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Revision: •

2.

A san: B1 san: B2 san:

Mou ippai ikaga desuka (もういっぱいいかがです か。) Onegaishimasu (おねがいします。) Iie, mou kekkou desu (いいえ、もうけっこうです。)

 A: B1: B2:

How about one more cup? Yes, plese No, thank you.

desu yo (ですよ)  sure (100%)  Indicate it as a statement deshyou (でしょう)  may be / not sure / suppose (50%)  replace “desuka” and indicate it as a question Ano hito wa Lee san desu yo (あの人はリーさんですよ。)  That person is Mr. Lee  “Ano hito” is “that person”  Confident level is 100% Ano hito wa Lee san deshyou (あの人はリーさんでしょう。)  Is that person over there Mr. Lee?  Confident level is only 50% Kyou wa mokuyoubi deshyou (今日は木曜日でしょう。)  Is today Thursday?  “kyou” is “today”  “mokuyoubi” is “Thursday”

3.

Ojyama shimashita. Doumo arigatou gozaimashita (おじゃましました。どうもありがとうございました。)  Execuse me for trouble you. Thank you  In Mandarin, it is “麻烦你了“  “jyama” is “trouble”  can use when leave somebody’s house or leaving the office

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4.

DAI NI KA: HOUMON (1), part II learning Sentence structure 1: Shio wa dore desu ka (塩はどれですか。)  Which one is salt?  “shio” is “salt”  Noun + wa + dore…..  “どれ” is after the particle “は” Shio wa kore desu (塩はこれです。)  This is the salt (with holding it)  Answer must in the same sentence structure pattern  Noun + wa + ….. Sentence Structure 2: Dore ga shio desuka (どれが塩ですか。)  Which is the salt?  “どれ“ + “が“ + noun. …..  There is only one particle can be use after “dore” in a question. It is “ga” Kore ga shio desu (これが塩です。)  This is the salt  Answer must in the same sentence structure pattern

5.

Sentence structure 1: Nihongo no sensei wa donata desuka (日本語の先生はどなたですか。)  Who is the Japanese teacher?  Noun + wa + donata…..  “どなた” is after the particle “は” Nihongo no sensei wa Foong san desu (日本語の先生はフォンさんです。)  The Japanese teacher is Mr. Foong Sentence structure 2: Donata ga nihongo no sensei desuka (どなたが日本語の先生ですか。)  Who is the Japanese teacher?  “どなた“ + “が“ + noun. ….. Foong san ga nihongo no sensei desu (フォンさんが日本語の先生です。)  Mr. Foong is the Japanese teacher

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6.

Taishikan (大使館)  Embassy Amerikan taishikan (アメリカ大使館)  American Embassy 7.

Nihon taishikan (日本大使館)  Japan Embassy

8.

The Japan Embassy is at KL, so for the branch in Penang, we can not call it as “taishikan”. We should call it as “ryoujikan” ryoujikan (領事館)  Branch of an embassy

9.

Dore ga Amerika Taishikan desuka (どれがアメリカ大使館ですか。)  Which is the American Embassy? Are ga Amerika Taishikan desu (あれがアメリカ大使館です。)  That one over there is American Embassy Dono tatemono ga Amerika Taishikan desuka (どの建物がアメリカ大使館ですか。)  Which building is the American Embassy?  “tatemono” is “building” Ano tatemono ga Amerika Taishikan desu (あの建物がアメリカ大使館です。)  That building over there is American Embassy

10.

Dono ga shyachyou shitsu desuka (どれが社長室ですか。)  Which is the GM office? Kore ga shyachyou shitsu desu (これが社長室です。)  This is the GM office Dono heya ga shyachyou shitsu desuka (どの部屋が社長室ですか。)  Which room is the GM office? Kono heya ga shyachyou shitsu desu (この部屋が社長室です。)  This room is the GM office

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11.

A: Kono kata wa Lee san desu (この方はリーさんです。)  This is Mr. Lee Q: Dono kata ga Lee san desuka (どの方がリーさんですか。)  Who is Mr. Lee A1: Kono kata ga Lee san desu (この方がリーさんです。)  This is Mr. Lee What is the difference between A and A1 sentence since the meaning is the same? Pls refer to below for the explanation. Kono kata wa Lee san desu (この方はリーさんです。)  This is Mr. Lee  Meaning is “This is Mr. Lee and not that person behind or somewhere else is Mr. Lee”  In Mandarin, it is “这位是李先生“  Focus is on “object”. Here is refer to “this person” Kono kata ga Lee san desu (この方がリーさんです。)  This is Mr. Lee  This person is Mr. Lee and not other person is Mr. Lee  Focus is on “subject in front”. Here refer to “Mr. Lee”  In Mandarin, it is “这位才是李先生“

12.

Wakarimashitaka (わかりましたか。)  Understand? Yoku wakarimashita (よくわかりました。)  I understand very well Yoku wakarimasen (よくわかりません)  I don’t understand 13.

Gomen kudasai (ごめんください)  Anybody home?  Use when knocking on the door

14.

kore + ga (this is) sore + ga (that is) are + ga (that one over there is)

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kono + noun + wa sono + noun + wa ano + noun + wa For eg: Ano heya wa (あの部屋は)  That room over there Kono kata wa (この方は)  This person 15.

kore / sore / are (これ / それ / あれ)  when asking question, use “dore” (どれ) kono / sono / ano (この / その / あの)  when asking question, use “dono” (どの) For eg (Answer is made by referring to the question structure): Pattern 1: Dore ga Amerikan Taishikan desuka (どれがアメリカ大使館ですか。) Are ga Amerikan Taishikan desu (あれがアメリカ大使館です。) Pattern 2: Dono tatemono ga Amerika Taishikan desuka (どの建物がアメリカ大使館ですか。) Ano tatemono ga Amerika Taishikan desu (あの建物がアメリカ大使館です。) Pattern 3: Amerika Taishikan wa dore desuka (アメリカ大使館はどれですか。) Amerika Taishikan wa are desu (アメリカ大使館はあれです。)

16.

Ano shiroi tatemono wa nan desuka (あの白い建物は何ですか。)  What is the white building over there?  “shiroi” is “white”  “tatemono” is “building”  “nan” is “what”. I can not be placed in front of the question.  “ano” is “over there” Are wa koujyou desu (あれは工場です。)  That one is a factory  “koujyou” is “factory”

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17.

Ano shiroi tatemono wa nan desuka (あの白い建物は何ですか。)  What is the white building over there?  “nan” is “what”. It can not be placed in front of the question.  You need to change the sentence structure is want to place the “nan” in front of the question as “naniga” Ano takai tatemono wa nan desuka (あの高い建物は何ですか。)  What is the tall building over there?  “takai” is “tall”  “takai” has another meaning as “expensive”

18.

takai (高い)  expensive yasui (やすい)  cheap Both the adjectives end with “i”.

19.

There are two types of adjectives  (i) i-adjective (ii) na-adjective

20.

takai kuruma (高い車)  expensive car yasui kuruma (やすい車)  cheap car For eg: Toyota wa takai kuruma desu (豊田は高い車です。) Kancil wa yasui kuruma desu (カンチェルはやすい車です。) 21.

ookii (大きい)  big chiisai (小さい)  small For eg: ookii tatemono (大きい建物)  big building chiisai tatemono (小さい建物)  small building

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21.

ookii depaato (大きいデパート)  big departmental store For eg: Gurney Plaza wa ookii depaato desu (ガーニプラザは大きいデパートです。)  Gurney Plaza is a big departmental store 22.

hikui (低い)  Low

23.

Se ga takai (背が高い)  Tall in height  In Mandarin, it is “身材高大“ Se ga takai otoko (背が高い男)  a man tall in height Se ga hikui (背が低い)  short in height  In Mandarin, it is “身材矮小”

24.

Shitte imasuka (知っていますか。)  do you know / do you recognize? Hai, shitte imasu (はい、知っています。)  Yes, I know Iie, shirimasen (いいえ、知りません。) Iie, shiranai (いいえ、知らない。) Iie, shiranai desu (いいえ、知らないです。)  No, I don’t know  “Iie, shiranai” is informal sentence Remarks: Pls practice this portion and it will be asked next lesson

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27.

25.

Figure learning 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Number ichi (一) ni (二) san (三) shi (四) yon (四) go (五) roku (六) shichi (七) nana (七) hachi (八) ku (九) jyuu (十) jyuuichi (十一) jyuuni (十二)

Month (月) ichigatsu (一月) nigatsu (二月) sangatsu (三月) shigatsu (四月)

Time (時) ichiji (一時) niji (二時) sanji (三時) yoji (四時)

gogatsu (五月) rokugatsu (六月) shichigatsu (七月)

goji (五時) rokuji (六時) shichiji (七時)

hachigatsu (八月) kugatsu (九月) jyuugatsu (十月) jyuuichigatsu (十一月) jyuunigatsu (十二月)

hachiji (八時) kuji (九時) jyuuji (十時) jyuuichiji (十一時) jyuuniji (十二時)

Remarks:  “yoji” is without “n” sound. It is not “yonji”  “gatsu” is “month”  “nan gatsu” is “which month” 26.

Ima nanji desuka (今何時ですか。)  What time is it now?  “ima” (今)is “now”  “ji” (時) is “o’ clock”  “nan ji” is “what time”

gozen (午前)  AM  For eg: gozen kuji (午前九時) ohiru (お昼)  Noon  For eg: ohiru jyuuniji (お昼十二時) Gogo (午後)

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 PM  The 2nd “go” is pronounced as “gongo” with nasal sound  For eg: gogo yoji (午後四時) yoru (夜)  At night  After 7:00pm  For eg: yoru hachiji (夜八時) yoru jyuuniji (夜十二時 )  Midnight 12:00 o’clock yonaka jyuuniji (夜中十二時)  Midnight 12:00 o’clock 28.

For lesson 9 (1 Sep 05), please make sure that you are able to ask and answer:  Numeric from 1~12  Month from January~December  Time from 1 o’clock~12 o’clock

29.

Please refer to the sound recording files which prepared and edited by Mr. KW Lee for better understanding. It has been sent out yesterday.

Lesson 9 (1 Sep 05)

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1.

Revision: Wo Shitte imasuka (を知っていますか。)  do you know / do you recognize?  “wo” is a particle in front of a verb Example: Tan san no denwa bangou wo shitte imasuka (タンさんの電話番号をしっていますか。)  Do you know Ms. Tan’s / Mr. Tan’s phone number?  “no” is “belongs to”  “denwa” is “telephone”  “bangou” is “number” Shyachyou san wo shitte imasuka (社長さんを知っていますか。)  Do you recognize the GM? Megamall wo shitte imasuka (メガモーを知っていますか。)  Do you know where Megamall is? Tomodachi no Tan san wo shitte imasuka (友達のタンさんを知っていますか。)  Do you recognize my friend, Ms Tan / Mr Tan? Hai, shitte imasu (はい、知っています。)  Yes, I know / I recognize Iie, shirimasen (いいえ、知りません。) or Iie, shiranai (いいえ、知らない。) or Iie, shiranai desu (いいえ、知らないです。)  No, I don’t know  “Iie, shiranai” is informal sentence

2.

3.

Kore wa dare no kagi desuka, shitte imasuka (これは誰の鑰ですか、知っていますか。)  Do you know whose key is this

A1

Kore wa dare no kagi daka, shitte imasuka (これは誰の鑰ですか知っていますか。)  Do you know whose key is this?  “daka” is a plain form for “desuka” Shyachyou shitsu wa doko desuka, shitte imasuka

A2

or

A1

or

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(社長室はどこですか、しっていますか。) Shyachyou shitsu wa doko daka, shitte imasuka (社長室はどこだか、知っていますか。)  Do you know where is the GM office?  “daka” is a plain form for “desuka” 4.

A2

Watashi no ani wo shitte imasuka (私の兄を知っていますか。)  Do you know my brother?  “ani” is “own brother”. Thus you can not say “ani san”.  Brother of other people is “onisan” (お兄さん). “o” is added in front of “nisan” as a polite form.　

5.

Watashi no kaishya no denwa bangou wo shitte imasuka (私の会社の電話番号を知っていますか。)  Do you know my company telephone number?  “kaishya” is “company”

6.

Kono tatemono wa nan desuka, shitte imasuka (この建物は何ですか、知っていますか。)

A1

Kono tatemono wa nan daka, shitte imasuka (この建物は何だか、知っていますか。)  Do you know what building is this?  “tatemono” is “building”

A2

or

Kono tatemono wa shitte imasuka  This is not a complete sentence => worng!! 7.

Watashi no douryou no Lee san wo shitte imasuka (私の同僚のリーさんをしっていますか。)  Do you know my collegue, Mr. Lee / Ms. Lee

8.

Watashi no uchi wa doko desuka, shitte imasuka (私のうちはどこですか、知っていますか。)

A1

Watashi no uchi wa doko daka, shitte imasuka (私のうちはどこだか、知っていますか。)  Do you know where my house is?  “uchi” is “house”

A2

9.

or

Zenzen dame (全然だめ)

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 Totally can not Zenzen shirimasen (全然知りません。)  Totally don’t know  “zenzen” is “0 %”. Not even 1% 10.

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11.

Number ichi (一) ni (二) san (三) shi (四) yon (四) go (五) roku (六) shichi (七) nana (七) hachi (八) ku (九) jyuu (十) jyuuichi (十一) jyuuni (十二)

Month (月) ichigatsu (一月) nigatsu (二月) sangatsu (三月) shigatsu (四月)

Time (時) ichiji (一時) niji (二時) sanji (三時) yoji (四時)

gogatsu (五月) rokugatsu (六月) shichigatsu (七月)

goji (五時) rokuji (六時) shichiji (七時)

hachigatsu (八月) kugatsu (九月) jyuugatsu (十月) jyuuichigatsu (十一月) jyuunigatsu (十二月)

hachiji (八時) kuji (九時) jyuuji (十時) jyuuichiji (十一時) jyuuniji (十二時)

Nan gatsu (何月)  What / which month  “nan” is “what” Nan ji (何時)  O’ clock  For eg: ichiji (一時) => One o’clock niji (二時) => Two o’clock

12.

gozen kuji (午前九時)  9 am ohiru jyuuniji (お昼十二時)  noon 12 o’clock gogo yoji (午後四時)

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 4 pm  “gogo” is “afternoon” yoru hachi ji (夜八時)  8 pm  Normally, “yoru” is used after “7 o’clock in the afternoon” yonaka (夜中)  midnight 13.

Doko + e

+ ikimasu + ka + kimasu + ka + kaerimasu + ka

(どこ ＋ へ ＋ いきます。) ( ＋ きます。) ( ＋ かえります。)

 Place + particle + verb  “e” is a particle. In hiragana writing, it should be “he”. However, it is pronounced as “e”. In English, the meaning for this particle should be “to”  “e ikimasu” is “to go” “e kimasu” is “to come” “e kaerimasu” is “to go home”  For verb end with “masu” present the tenses as present tense or future tense. 14.

Ashita doko e ikimasuka (明日どこへ行きますか。)  Where are you going tomorrow?  “ashita” is “tomorrow”  “shi” in “ashita” is pronounced as “sh’” => ash’ta 15.

kyou (今日)  today asatte (あさって)  the day after tomorrow ima (いま)  now

16.

hikoujyou / kuukou (飛行場 / 空港)  airport  For eg: hikoujyou e ikimasu

17.

Lee san wa kyou doko e ikimasuka (リーさんは今日どこへいきますか。)  Where is Mr. Lee going today?

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Lee san wa KL e ikimasu (リーさんは KL へいきます。)  Mr. Lee is going to KL 18.

Foong san wa ashita doko e ikimasuka (フォオンさんは明日どこへいきますか。)  Where is Mr. Foong going tomorrow? Watashi wa ashita kaishya e ikimasu (私は明日会社へいきます。)  I am going to the factory tomorrow 19.

ginkou e ikimasu (銀行へ行きます)  Go to bank Amerika e ikimasu (アメリカへ行きます)  Go to America Nihon e ikimasu (日本へいきます)  Go to Japan

20.

Honshya no shyachyou san wa ashita Penang e kimasu (本社の社長さんは明日ペナンへきます。)  The GM of the head office will come to Penang tomorrow

21.

Anata wa ashita watashi no uchi e kimasuka (あなたは明日私のうちへきますか。)  Are you coming to my house tomorrow Hai, ikimasu (はい、いきます。)  Yes, I am going Chyotto…(ちょっと。。。)  Ee….(present the meaning as refuse, inconvenience)

22.

Anata wa mainichi taitei nanji ni uchi e kaerimasuka (あなたは毎日たいてい何時にうちへかえりますか。)  At what time you normally go home everyday?  “mainichi” is “everyday”  “taitei” is “normally”  “nanji” is “what time”  “ni” is a particle, presents the meaning as “at”

23.

Watashi mainichi taitei gogo shichiji goro ni uchi e kaerimasu (私は毎日たいてい午後七時ごろにうちへかえります。)

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 Normally I go home at about 7pm every day 24.

Watashi mainichi taitei shichiji goro, tokidoki hachiji goro ni uchi e kaerimasu (私毎日たいてい七時ごろ、時々八時ごろにうちへかえります。) 

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