Iso 6383-2

 

International Standard INTERNATIONAL

ORGANIZATION

FOR STANDARDIZATION.MEXAYH APOAHAR

OPrAHkl3AL&lR

PCastics - Film and sheeting of tear resistance Part 2: Elmendorf method Plastiques

Film et feuie

-

First edition

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UDC Descriptors

-

plastics,

Determination

de Ia rbsistance

f-l0 CTAH~APTbl3AL(MWORGA NISATION

INTERNATIONALE

DE NORMALISATION

Determ Determination ination

au dkhirement

-

Partie 2: t’L&thode

Elmendorf

1983-09-01

678.5/.8-416 :

-

-

638312

: 620.176.245 tests,

Ref.

tear strength,

tear tests,

No.

ISO 6383/2-1983

test specimens.

s:

Price

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(E)

Copyright ISO

 

based

on 6 pages

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Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bedies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees . Every member b ody interested in a subject right to be represented and non-governmental,

for which a technical committee has been authorized has the on that committee. International organizations, governmental in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

Draft International Standards adopted the member bodies for approval before

by the technical their acceptance

committee s are circulated as International Standards

to by

the ISO Council. International Standard ISO 6383/2 (form erly ISO/DIS 6824) was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, plastics, and was circulated to the member bodies in February 1980. lt has been approved

by the member

Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada China Czechoslovakia Egypt, Arab Rep. Finland

Germany,

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The member body tech nical grounds:

of the following

countries:

F. R.

Philippines Poland

Hungary India I reland Israel Italy Japan Korea, Rep. Mexico Netherlands

of

France  .   e   n    i    l   n   o   n   o    i   s   r   e   v    l    l   u    f   e    h    t   s   s   e   c   c    A  .   e    l   p   m   a   s   e   g   a   p    4   e

bodies

of the following

country

Portugal Romania South Africa, Rep. of Spain Switzerland United Kingdom USA USSR

of

expressed

disapproval

of the document

on

Sweden

0

International

Printed

Organkation

for

Standardkation,

1983

in Switzerland

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INTERNATIONAL

ISO

STANDARD

- Film and sheeting Plastics of tear resistance Part 2: Elmendorf method

0

of the following

Part 1 : Trouser Part 2: Elmendorf

1

Scope

1 .l

of application

This part of ISO 6383 specifies

a method

of determining

loading. on the of the

machine.

3

The tear resistance test specified by this method is apto specimen s tut from semi-finished and finished pro-

ducts. The test is suitable for the control of production and manufactured products as well as for acceptance or rejection testing under specifications for semi-finished and finished products, provided that it has been demonstrated that the data for a particular material are acceptably reproducible. 1.3

There

is no

forte

and specimen

direct

linear

thickness.

atmospheres

for

conditioning

relationship Data from

between this method

-

Determination

of

Definition of this part of ISO 6383, tthe he following

defini-

tion applies. tear

resistance

specimen

Materials that tan be be tested according to this method include flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polyolefin films, but variable elongation and oblique tearing effects on the more extensible films may Cause poor reproducibility of test results. This method may not be suitable for testing more rigid materials such as rigid PVC, nylon and Polyester films. 1.2 plied

Standard

ISO 4593, Plastics - FtYm and sheeting thickness b y mechanical scanning.

For the purpose

The upper lim it of thickness that tan be tested depends tearing forte of the material in relation to the capacity

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-

ISO 4591, Plastics - Film and sheeting - D etermination of average thickness of a Sample and average thickness and yield of a roll b y gravimetric techniques fgravimetric thicknessl.

method.

the forte required to propagate a tear through a specified distance and from a specified slit, tut in a test specimen of thin flexible plastic sheeting or film, under specified conditions of

testing

Plastics

and testing.

tear method.

and field

References

ISO 291,

Parts:

(EI

Determination

2

Introduction

ISO 6383 consists

-

6383/2-1983

4

: The forte,

by the specified

in newtons,

required

to tear a test

method.

Principle

A test specimen having a specified precut slit is subjected to a tearing forte generated by the energy stored in a pendulum of specified dimensions . The energy expended in tearing the specimen is used to calculate the tear resistance of the specimen.

5

Apparatus

The test machine

shall be of the Elmendorf

a suitable test machine is shown comprising the following .

type (an example

diagramm atically

in figure

of 11,

tearing are ex-

pressed as tearing forte in newtons, with specimen thickness also reported. Only data obtained at the same thickness should be compared because sets of data from spec imens of dissim ilar thickness are generally not comparable.

5.1

Stationary

jaw,

accurately

aligned

with

a movable

jaw

carried on a pendulum, preferably formed by a sector of a circle, free to to Swing on ball bearings or other subs tantially frictionless bearings. Esch jaw shall have a clamping surface of not less than 25 mm in the horizontal direction [dimension b (sec

1

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ISO

6383/2-1983

(El

figure 111 and not less than (dimension c). The thickness

15 mm in the vertical direction of the fixed Po rtion of each jaw

shall be between 9 and 13 mm (dimension a). When the pendulum is in the initial Position, ready for the test, test, the jaws sh all be separated by a distance of 2,8 + 0,3 mm and so aligned aligned that the test specimen clamped in them lies in a plane perpendicular to the plane of oscillation of the pendulum, with the edges of the jaws gripp ing the test specimen in a horizontal line, a perpendicular to which through the axis of Suspension of the pendulum (i.e. the distance between the axis and the top edges of the clamping jaws) is 104 + 2 mm long and makes an angle of 27,5O + 30 ’ with

the plane of the test specim en.

5.2 Means for holding the pendulum in a raised Position and for releasing it without imparting shock.

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countered,

Single

readings

may

mended rather

lncremental the tearing the

masses, forte

to add to the pen dulum of the machine.

to in-

capacity

Test

tear

results.

obliquely

in in the

Single

must

range

and

specimens

this

be

below

specimens

several

in opposite

When

tested

20.

directions,

testing

even

For thin

a lower

and a higher

capacity

is en-

though

film,

capacity

which

behaviour

scale

it is recom-

tester

b e used

machine.

6.4 When testing film in the machine (longitudinal) direction, test specimens shall be oriented so that their width is tut in the longitudinal direction and, similar ly, specim ens for transverse tear strength determinations transverse direction.

shall be tut

with their width

in the

Conditioning

Unless

otherwise

specified

by the specification

for the material

being tested, tested, test specimen s shall be preconditioned and tested in atmosphere 23/50 as specified in ISO 291, except that when material is known not to be sensitive to humidity, atmosphere 23 may be used.

8

Procedure Determine

NOTE

-

sheeting

specimens

may high

specimens

be

that than

the method

5.5 Suitable measuring equipment, to measure the thickness of the material being tested by the methods specified in ISO 4591 and ISO 4593.

6

sandwich

lead to falsely

8.1

apparatus.

crease

same

may

7

5.3 Means for determining the energy expended by the pendulum in tearing a specimen . This usually co nsists of a circumferential scale on the pendulum which indica tes against a pointer. The machine shall be accurately calibrated (allowing for friction and windage losses) to enable the scale reading to be used to give the forte required to tear tthe he Standard test specime n in newtons, with an accuracy to within 1 . This calibration shall be periodically checked. Annexes A and B give instructions for the adjustment and calibration of the

5.4

the

the thickness

specified

ISO 4593

of the material

being

tested

by

in ISO 4591 and ISO 4593.

is not

suitable

for

use with

embos sed

film

and

.

8.2 Check that the Elmendorf apparatus is level. Lift and arrest the pendulum, set the indicating mechanis m to the starting Position and gently release the pendulum. pointer indicates zero and adjust if necessary manufacturer’s instructions.

6.1 The test specimen shall have the shape and dimension s shown in figures 2 or 3. The preferred or referee s pecimen shall be the constant-radius specimen (figure 2) because of better reproducibility (see 8.5).

8.3

6.2 The test specimen may be tut from the Sample using templates and a sharp knife. Special attention shall be given to the cutting of the 20 -t 0,5 mm slit, which shall be free of nicks and ragged edges.

of the pendulum. Check the zero setting and adjust ac cording to the manufacture r’s instructions each time that augmenting weights are fitted or removed.

NOTE

-

by which

Some

testing

the slit tan

m achines be tut

the jaws of the machine. its ability

to tut

the

into

have a permanent

and integral

the test

after

In such cases,

slit to the correct

specimen

the sharpness

dimensions

knife

mounting

in

of this knife and

should

be frequently

checked.

6.3 Unless otherwise specified by the specification for the material being tested, five test specime ns [or five groups of test specimens (sec the note)] shall be tested in each principal direction of the film Sample, tut from positions evenly spaced across the width NOTE test

-

In the

meet

case of films

of two

or more

the requirements

group

adjacent

evenly

across

to each the width

specified

in 8.4 to

check whether augmenting weights are required or a number of test specime ns need to be tested s imultaneou sly (sec the note to 6.3) so that on any test tthe he energy of the pendulum absorbed in tearing lies between 20 and 80 of the total energy

8.4 Lift and arrest the pendulum of the machine and set the indicating mechan ism to its starting Point. Carefully Positio n the test specimen, or group of test specimens, in the jaws of the grips so that the slit is centrally disposed between the fixed and movable jaws of the machine and tighten the clamps firmly (see the note). Carefully release the pendulum and read from the scale the forte of test specimens. NOTE clamp

-

W hen

the

the specimen

expended

machine

in tearing

is fitted

with

as in 8.4 and then operate

the specimen

an integral

or group

slitting

the knife to produce

knife, the

slit (sec the note to 6.2).

of the Sample.

a group

Carry out a few tests by the procedure

Check that the according to the

of low

tear strength,

test specimens

of 8.3.

Cut the individual

other,

bu t

space

of the Sample.

it is permissible

simultaneously the

However,

test

pieces

groups certain

to

in Order to for each

approximately specimens

in

8.5 When constant-radius test specime ns (sec figure 2) are used, reject any tests in which the line or tear deviates outside the constant radius section an d test additional specime ns to replace

those

rejected.

2

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ISO 6383-2:1983 Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination o tear resistance - Part Part 2: Elmendorf Elmendorf method method

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