Iso 14001

 

ISO 14001 v. 2004 Environmental Management Systems

 

Quiz 1.

Ac Acco cord rdin ing g to to the the ISO ISO 1 140 4001 01 stan standa dard rd,, the there re is a continual improvement of 5 specific phases based on the methodology known as Plan-Do-Check-Act. Which are they?

2.

Ac Acco cord rdin ing g to to the the ISO ISO 1400 14001 1 sta stand ndar ard, d, what what is a preventive action, and how it is different from a corrective action?

 

EMS EMS  

“A system put into place that keeps things running smoothly”  smoothly” 

Denso Manufacturing Michigan, Inc.

• EMS does not have to be certified ISO 14001

• Plant personnel can develop the EMS with/without consulting support • 3rd-Party Auditors Auditors are needed for IISO SO 14001 certification

 

EMS Evolution •

Until 1960s when gained public attention

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Corporations reacted to increased legislation

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Responsible Care Program (Canada) in 1984

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British created the first national EM standard BS 7750 in 1994

•  A Canadian standard Z750 was created in 1994 •

Legislated in 1993, EU published EMAS in 1994, open in 1995.

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In the U.S. no national standard was developed during the 1990s, however  groups of companies did (e.g. GEMI)

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The first international EMS was ISO 14001 by ISO. Based on:  – The success of ISO 9001  – Increasing international concern (UN Conference of Rio 1992)  – Created a Technical Committee 207

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The ISO 14001 was published for the first time in 1996.

 

Why environmental standards? …to "promote a harmonious and balanced development of  economic activities, activities, sustainable sustainable and non-inflationary growth respecting the environment… the raising of standards of living and quality of life" (EMAS).

…to support environmental protection and prevention of  pollution in balance with socio-economic needs (ISO 14001)

 

EMS and ISO 14001 •

First version finalized and issued in 1996, revised every five years (2004 current version)

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Market sector created and driven; governments participate but it is not legislative or regulatory

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Process standard, not performance

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Each participating nation has a committee that develops consensus and contributes (one vote each, for US it is ANSI)

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14001 is one of the standards in the 14000 series

 

ISO 14001 Standards •

Voluntary

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Set up the by industry: countries can adapted into their legislation

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Is aimed to improve processes not performance itself 

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Key aspect is that of continual improvement

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Doesn‟ Doesn‟tt requi require re the the publ publica icatio tion n of an envir environm onment ental al statem statement ent  

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Provides the company with a guideline on how to manage environmental aspects

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Requires management commitments commitments and involvement from all employees

 

ISO, ANSI, Certifiers •

ISO develops International Standards but does not operate any schemes for assessing conformity with them.

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What ISO isISO not is annot? auditor, assessor, registrar, or certifier of management systems, products, services, materials or personnel, nor does it endorse or control any such activities performed by other parties.  ANSI coordinates the the development of of standards in in the U.S. and accredit programs that assess conformance with the standards

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750 certification bodies worldwide

 

Environmental Management System (EMS)

Policy

Management Review

Checking and Corrective Action

Planning

Implementation and Operation

 

The ISO 14001 EMS Model 4.2 Define Policy  Policy  Products, Services, and Activities

4.3.2 Legal Requirements

4.3.1 Identify Aspects

4.3.3 Identify Objectives Targets and Programs

4.4 Implementation Implementation and Operation  Operation  4.5.1 Monitoring & Measurement 4.5.2 Preventive & Corrective Action 4.5.3 Records 4.5.4 EMS Audit

3.2 Continual Improvement 3.18 Prevention of Pollution

4.5 Checking  Checking 

4.6 Management Review  Review 

P D C  A 4.4.1 Resources, Roles, responsibility and authority 4.4.2 Competence, Training &  Awareness 4.4.3 Communication 4.4.4 Documentation 4.4.5 Document Control 4.4.6 Operational Control 4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness

 

ISO 14001 Environmental Standard v2004 4.1 General Requirements

4.2 Environmental Policy 4.3 Planning  Planning   –  –  –

Environmental aspects Legal and other requirements Objectives, Targets and Programs

4.4. Implementation and Operation  –  –  –  –  –  –

Resources, Roles, Responsibilities and Authority Competence, Training and Awareness Communication Documentation Controls of documents Operational control

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Emergency Preparedness and Response

4.5 Checking  –  –  –  –

Monitoring and Measurement Evaluation of compliance Nonconformity, Corrective action and Preventive action Control of records

 –

Internal audit

Review   4.6. Management Review 

 

Environmentall Policy Environmenta • The environmental policy describes the organization‟s overall approach and intentions.

Policy

Management Review

Planning

• Is the Keystone upon which the entire EMS is constructed. • NOT A PUBLIC RELATIONS DOCUMENT

Checking and Corrective Action

Implementation and Operation

 

Policy Requirements To meet ISO 14001 requirements, the policy must:

1.

Be approp appropria riate te to the nature nature,, scal scale, e, and enviro environm nment ental al iimp mpact acts s of  of  the organization activities and goods produced.

2.

Inclu Include de a comm commit itme ment nt tto o co cont ntin inua uall im impr prov ovem emen entt an and d pr prev even enti tion on o of  f  pollution.

3.

Inclu Include de a comm commit itme ment nt to re rele leva vant nt lega legall rreq equi uire reme ment nts. s.

4.

Prov Provid ide e a fra frame mewo work rk for for s set ettin ting ga and nd re revi view ewin ing g en envi viro ronm nmen enta tall objectives and targets.

5.

Be doc docum umen ente ted, d, imp imple leme ment nted ed and and m mai aint ntai aine ned, d, a and nd co comm mmun unic icat ated ed tto o all employees (also contractors)

6.

Be available to to the public.

 

Policy Statement • Organization must be able to demonstrate that it is fully aware of all relevant environmental issues and their potential impact and importance. • No list is appropriate to all organizations; each establishes methods/measures relevant to its operations.

 

Policy Statement • Provides a framework for setting environmental objectives  – Objectives are specific and defined goals that need to be achieved in order to meet the requirements of the Environmental Policy.  – Every action, requirement, procedure, etc. contained within the EMS must have its roots in the Env. Policy Statement.

 

Policy Statement • Commitment to continual improvement  – “Process of enhancing the environmental management system to achieve improvements in overall environmental performance in line with the organization's or ganization's environmental policy.“  policy.“   – Ties together the Env. Policy Statement and Management Review elements of ISO 14001. • Requires the EMS be reviewed and evaluated at a set frequency for changed aspects and impacts (yearly is generally acceptable).

 

Policy Statement • Commitment to P2  – After  –  After pollution based objectives objectives have been set, P2 must be evaluated at one of the alternative approaches to setting the Target(s).  – If P2 is not cost-effective, it does not have to be accepted.

 

Policy Statement • Commitment to Compliance with Laws, Regs, and Requirements  – Identify applicable laws & regs  – Determine compliance  – Develop action plan to correct noncompliance  – Establish a system to maintain compliance

• Organization Organization does not need to be in full compliance in order to conform with 14001 • Continued pattern of noncompliance may need to nonconformance with ISO 14001.

 

Policy Statement • Documentation and Communication  – Executive level manager must sign the Policy Statement and maintained based on Document Control (4.4.5) proceedures.  – All  –  All employees must understand and recognize the commitments and relate their   job functions with the Policy.  – Policy must be communicated with the public.

 

Planning  – Environmental Aspects.

Policy

Management Review

Planning

 – Legal and Other  Requirements.  – Objectives and Targets.

Checking and Corrective Action

Implementation and Operation

 – Environmental Management Program • Dynamic • Integrated

 

Planning

Identify   Identify Activities, Products   Products and and   Services   Services

Identify Identify   Environmental   Environmental Aspects and Impacts

Determine  Determine  Priority Environmental Aspects

Determine Legal and Other  Other  Requirements Requirements  

Establish   Establish Objectives  Objectives  and  and  Targets  Targets 

Develop Environmental Management   Management Program

 

Activities, Products and Services

• This is where is described what the facility does  – Consider mission – mission –  what „facility‟ is designed to do e.g. fast delivery of documents/packages  – Consider activities that support the mission e.g. vehicle maintenance  – Consider actions that are both regulated and not regulated e.g. commuting to work

 

Aspects Aspects  and Impacts • Identify environmental environmental aspects of activities products and services that can be controlled and over which can be expected to have an influence   ”  

 –  Aspects: Element Element of an organization's organization's activities, products or services that can interact with the environment.  – Impacts: Any change to the environment, whether  adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization's activities, products or services

Video  Video 

 

Aspects Aspects  and Impacts • Content Requirements of Environmental Aspects  – understand how organization interacts with the environment  – control versus influence  – arrive at a list of significant environmental aspects based upon impacts

 – develop a procedure to support the three step decision making process

Video  Video 

 

Determine Significant Aspects •

The process of arriving at a list of Significant Environmental Aspects must be a reasonable and understandable procedure be based upon the following criteria: 1.

pe perce rceive ived d ris risk(h k(hum uman an he healt alth h vs vs.. ec ecos osys yste tem); m);

2. 3.

imp impac actt analy analysis sis (in (inte tern rnal al,, lo loca cal, l, reg regio iona nal, l, g glo loba bal); l); probabilit ility yo off o occ ccu urrence

4.

di dirrec ectt or in indi dirrec ectt con onttrol ol;;

5.

regu regula late ted d or non on-r -re egu gula late ted d;

6.

resource u uttilization;

7. 8.

community interest; etc.

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Consider normal, unique, and emergency conditions

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Where do opportunities exist for improvement?

 

Legal and Other Requirements •

Identi Identify fy legal legal requir requireme ements nts that that apply apply to a facili facility‟ ty‟s s activ activiti ities es – use audit guides or protocols

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Identify other requirements that apply including policies, Executive Orders (public organizations), facility corporate initiatives or  voluntary practices

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ISO 14001 does not require documentation for the Legal and Other  Requirements section (4.3.2). However, the only practical way to demonstrate conformance is to assemble in one place a list and copies of each applicable environmental law, regulation and voluntary subscription along with the supporting permits and/or  contracts as evidence.

 

Objectives and Targets • Cons Consid ider er “le “lega gall and and oth other er re requ quir irem emen ents ts””  • Consider significant aspects • Reflect corporate policies • Reflect financial and technical limitations • Refl Reflec ectt “in “inte tere rest sted ed pa part rtie ies” s”   • Reflect policy commitment and commitment to pollution prevention • Consider how you will measure progress

 

Objectives and Targets

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Object Objective ives s are are the the “Goals “Goals”” that that suppor supportt the the ““Vis Vision ion”” contai contained ned in the the Environmental Policy Statement.

 

ISO 14001 Specifications for  Objectives/Targets

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The ISO 14001 Standard stipulates several criteria that must be considered c onsidered when establishing environmental objectives. Specifically:

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Environmental policy commitments to continual improvement, prevention of pollution, and compliance with legal and other requirements. r equirements.

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Concentration on controlling significant environmental aspects – aspects – the activities, products, and services with the highest environmental impacts impacts –  – since reducing their significance (i.e., the risks associated with them) automatically lowers their impacts.

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Taking consideration of technological options and financial, operational, and business requirements means that environmental objectives and targets must be practical in terms of being technologically achievable, within the limits of available budget constraints, and consistent with operational and business strategies.  –

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In other words, objectives and targets must be realistic and attainable, not mere dreams or 

wish lists. The views of interested parties. Any individual, individual, group, agency, or community that may be affected by or have a stake in the operations of the t he facility implementing the EMS. This can be a long list, including:  –

National, regional/provincial, local government officials

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Local community representatives

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Public and other stakeholders views of interest ed parties interested also helpful interest when angroups organization makes a decision(The regarding communication of itsare environmental aspects).

 

ISO 14001 Environmental Management Programs: The organization shall establish and maintain programs for achieving its objectives and targets, including: (a) designation of responsibility for  achieving objectives and targets at each level and function of the organization (b) the means and time-frame by which they 32

are to be achieved

 

Environmental Management Programs

 An EMP is an action plan specifying:

• How objectives and targets will be accomplished • Who is responsible for achieving them • Who will manage and supervise the activities • Who will carry out the work • What they will do • What resources are needed (e.g., people, skills, equipment, time, money) • When the tasks will be completed (i.e., a 33

schedule)

 

ISO 14001 Planning Sequence ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS LEGAL AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

Guiding Light Problem Definition Obligations Goal Setting Means of   Achieving Goals

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Implementation and Operation • This phase includes 7 elements:

Policy

 – Resources, Roles, Responsibilities and Authority  – Competence, Training and  Awareness

Management Review

Planning

 – Communication  – Documentation  – Controls of documents

 – Operational control  – Emergency Preparedness and Response

Checking and Corrective Action

Implementation and Operation

 

Implementation and Operation Organization & Accountability   Accountability

Capabilities & Communications   Communications

Controls

EMS Documentation Training, Awareness and Competence Structure and Responsibility

Document Control

Operational Control Communication Emergency preparedness and response

 

Structure and Responsibility • Roles and responsibilities are defined, documented, communicated • Management will provide resources for implementation implementation of the system • Identifies Management Representative (s)  – In charge  – Report to top management

 

Training, Awareness and Competence • Ensure training and awareness relevant to  – EMS - including policy  – relationship between employees‟ activities activities and environmental impacts

• Ensure competence training to  – regulatory requirements

 – standard operating procedures

 

Communication • Ensure internal communication

• External communication of significant environmental impacts is optional, however this decision shall be documented

• Provide process for responding to external communication

 

Documentation and Document Control • Procedures for controlling documents

 – can be located - are legible, dated and maintained  – reviewed and revised as necessary and approved  – current versions are available to practitioner   – obsolete documents are removed from use

 

Documentation •

Under ISO 14001, documentation documentation refers to all written material concerning the EMS

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Documents include policies, procedures, manuals, plans, diagrams, flowcharts, correspondence, memoranda related to the EMS

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Records are documents, but under ISO 14001 are distinguished from documentation:  – Documentation concerns what should happen  – Records contain information on what  what has  has 

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happened

 

Must Document 4.2

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

4.3.3 Environmental objectives and targets 4.4.1 Roles, responsibilities, and authority for EMS 4.4.3 Communications from external interested parties

4.4.4 EMS core elements 4.4.6 Procedures essential for operational control 4.5.1 Monitoring and measurement of key operations that have potential significant impacts 4.5.1 Compliance with laws and regulations 4.5.3 Records 4.6 MANAGEMENT REVIEW

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4.6

MANAGEMENT REVIEW

 

Good Idea to Document 4.3.1

Environmental Environmental aspects and impacts inventory 4.3.2 Significa Significant nt environmental aspects 4.3.3 Registry of legislation and regulations 4.3.4 Environmenta Environmental l management programs action plans to achieve objectives andtargets 4.4.2 Training needs results, and training plans 4.4.7 Emergency response plan 4.5.2 Corrective and preventive actions 4.5.5 EMS audit results

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What are Operational Controls?  •

Means by which an organization prevents pollution from operations, e.g.:  – Pollution control equipment such as scrubbers, filters, precipitators, clarifiers, biological and chemical treatment, etc.  – Alarms  –  Alarms for gas, pH, conductance, conductance, tank level, etc.  – Preventive maintenance practices  – Operating procedures

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Methods of Operational •

Control

Process controls:  controls:   – electronic  – mechanical  – monitoring  – observation

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Operating procedures:   procedures:  – verbal  – documented

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What is a Procedure? •  An activity carried out according according to •

specified instructions Combination of responsibilities, authority, resources, instructions needed to consistently perform an activity

•  A procedure may be do documented cumented (i.e., written), but the document is

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NOT the procedure

 

One More Thing from ISO 14001 4.4.6 The organization shall establish and maintain procedures related to the identifiable significant environmental aspects of goods and services used by the organization and communicate relevant procedures and requirements to suppliers and contractors

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Responsibilities of Contractors and Suppliers •

The organization is responsible for  informing contractors and suppliers about operating procedures relating to their goods and services

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Contractors must comply with all EMS requirements when on site

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Suppliers may be required to meet specified environmental standards in

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their own facilities

 

Emergency Preparedness and Response • Procedures to address accidents and emergencies  – prevent and mitigate environmental impacts  – review and revise after emergency or  accident  – test where appropriate

 

 

 

Checking • 5 elements:

Policy

 – Monitoring and Measurement.  – Evaluation of compliance

Management Review

Planning

 – Non-Conformance and Corrective and Preventive  Actions.  – Control of Records  – EMS Internal Audit.

Checking and Corrective Action

Implementation and Operation

 

Checking Periodic Evaluations of compliance

Ongoing Monitoring and Measuring

Non-conformance, Corrective and Preventive Action

Periodic Internal EMS Audits

Records

 

Monitoring and Measuring • Procedures to monitor and measure activities related to significant aspects  – Root cause analysis  – Audits  –  Audits  – Track performance, operational control and objectives and targets  – Maintain and calibrate monitoring equipment

 

Evaluation of Compliance • Periodically evaluate compliance with applicable legal requirements •  Also evaluate evaluate compliance compliance with other  requirements the company subscribes • Keep records of such evaluations

 

Nonconformity, Corrective and Preventive Action

 – Identify cause of nonconformity  – Develop corrective action and implement it  – Modify procedures if necessary to prevent recurrence  – Define responsibility and authority to address non-conformance 

 

Control of Records • Procedures for identification, maintenance and disposition of environmental records  – Legible and traceable to the activity, product or  service involved

 

Internal EMS Audits • Periodically audit to determine if the EMS  – is being properly implemented and maintained, and  – conforms to the standard

• Provide audit information to management

 

Management Review  – Policy

 –  Audits

Policy

Management Review

Planning

 – Corrective and Preventive  Action Systems. Systems.  – Environmental Objectives and Targets.

Checking and Corrective Action

Implementation and Operation

 

Management Review Process To Assess the

  suitability,

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Need to consider:

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adequacy, and effectiveness of the EMS  EMS 

  audit findings

• •

•

•

•

•

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progress records on objectives changes to facilities changes in activities,  products or services changes in technology concerns of interested parties other relevant information  information 

In order to determine the need for change and improvement to:

  the environmental policy

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the objectives and targets

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other elements of the EMS

 

Summary •  An EMS is a formal system for managing the environmental footprint of organizations •

Most organizations already have several EMS elements in place the system relationship is lacking

•  An EMS must serve the mission of the organization •

The EMS and related measurement tools are just that- tools.  Alone, they will not guarantee success.

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The organization must use the tools, not just have them.

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Success comes from being committed to continual improvement for the long term