Iso 1133-1-11
October 3, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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KCUFWCIUKOCIN QUICEIWE
KQO 9911-9 Hkrst fektkoc 7299-97-29
Rnistkas ― Eftfrdkcitkoc oh tmf dfnt diss-ow ritf (DHW) ice dfnt vonudfow ritf (DXW) oh tmfrdopnistkas ― Rirt 90 Qticeire dftmoe Rnistkqufs ― Eëtfrdkcitkoc ef n‛kcekaf ef ukektë â amiue efs tmfrdopnistkqufs, fc dissf (DHW) ft fc vonudf (DXW) ― Rirtkf 90 Dëtmoef cordinf
Wfhfrfcaf cudgfr KQO 9911-907299(F)
© KQO 7299
KQO 9911-907299(F)
AOR[WKJMU RWOUFAUFE EOAVDFCU ©
KQO 7299
Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe. Vcnfss otmfrwksf spfakfe, co pirt oh tmks pugnkaitkoc diy gf rfproeuafe or utknkzfe kc icy hord or gy icy dfics, fnfatrocka or dfamickain, kcanuekcj pmotoaopykcj ice dkarond, wktmout pfrdksskoc kc wrktkcj hrod fktmfr KQO it tmf ieerfss gfnow or KQO‛s dfdgfr goey kc tmf aouctry oh tmf rfqufstfr. KQO aopyrkjmt ohaf Aisf postinf 68 • AM-9799 Jfcfvi 72 Ufn. + 59 77 :5; 29 99 Hix + 59 77 :5; 2; 5: F-dikn aopyrkjmtBkso.orj Zfg www.kso.orj Rugnksmfe kc Qwktzfrnice
kk
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Aoctfcts
Rijf
............................................................................................................................................................................ ....................................... kv Horfwore .....................................................................................................................................
Kctroeuatkoc ............................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................... v 9
Qaopf ............................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................... 9
7
Corditkvf rfhfrfcafs ..................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... .... 9
1
Ufrds ice efcktkocs ..................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... .... 9
5
................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................... 7 Rrkcakpnf ......................................................................................................................
6 6.9 6.7
.............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................ 1 Ippiritus .................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................ .... 1 Fxtruskoc pnistodftfr .................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................ ... : Iaafssory fqukpdfct .....................................................................................................................................
8 8.9 8.7
........................................................................................................................................................... ...................... = Ufst sidpnf ..................................................................................................................................... Qidpnf hord .................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ...................... = Aocektkockcj .................................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................................................... ....................... =
: :.9 :.7 :.1
Ufdpfriturf vfrkaitkoc, anfickcj ice dikctfcicaf oh tmf ippiritus ............................................... ; Xfrkaitkoc oh tmf tfdpfriturf aoctron systfd ........................................................................................... ; Anfickcj tmf ippiritus ................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................... ... 92 Xfrtkain inkjcdfct oh tmf kcstrudfct ............................................................................................................ 92
= =.9 =.7 =.1 =.5 =.6
Rroafeurf I0 diss-dfisurfdfct dftmoe ................................................................................................. 92 Qfnfatkoc oh tfdpfriturf ice noie ............................................................................................................... 92 ............................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................92 Anfickcj ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................. 92 Qfnfatkoc oh sidpnf diss ice amirjkcj tmf aynkcefr ............................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................... ...................... 99 Dfisurfdfcts .............................................................................................................................. Fxprfsskoc oh rfsunts ..................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... .. 97
; ;.9 ;.7 ;.1 ;.5 ;.6 ;.8
Rroafeurf G0 ekspniafdfct-dfisur ekspniafdfct-dfisurfdfct fdfct dftmoe ................................................................................. 91 Qfnfatkoc oh tfdpfriturf ice noie ............................................................................................................... 91 Anfickcj ..................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................91 Dkckdud pkstoc ekspniafdfct eksticaf ..................................................................................................... 91 ............................................................................. 91 Qfnfatkoc oh sidpnf diss ice amirjkcj tmf aynkcefr ............................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................... ...................... 91 Dfisurfdfcts .............................................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................... .. 95 Fxprfsskoc oh rfsunts .....................................................................................................................................
92
..................................................................................................................................................... .................... 96 Hnow ritf ritko .................................................................................................................................
99
.............................................................................................................................................................. .........................................98 Rrfakskoc .....................................................................................................................
97
Ufst rfport ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................... ................... 98
Iccfx I (corditkvf) (corditkvf) Ufst aocektkocs hor DHW ice DXW eftfrdkcitkocs .......................................................... 9= Iccfx G (kchorditkvf) (kchorditkvf) Aocektkocs spfakfe kc Kctfrcitkocin Qticeires hor tmf eftfrdkcitkoc oh tmf dfnt ow ritf oh tmfrdopnistka ditfrkins ............................................................................................................. 9; Iccfx A (kchorditkvf) (kchorditkvf) Efvkaf ice proafeurf hor prfhordkcj i aodpiatfe amirjf oh ditfrkin gy ....................................................................................................................................................... ...................... 72 aodprfsskoc ................................................................................................................................. Iccfx E (kchorditkvf) (kchorditkvf) Rrfakskoc eiti hor ponypropynfcf ogtikcfe hrod ic kctfraodpirksoc oh DHW ice ......................................................................................................................................................... ...................... 71 DXW tfstkcj ................................................................................................................................... Gkgnkojripmy ............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................75
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
kkk
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Horfwore KQO (tmf Kctfrcitkocin Orjickzitkoc hor Qticeirekzitkoc) ks i wornewkef hfefritkoc oh citkocin sticeires goekfs (KQO dfdgfr goekfs). Umf worl oh prfpirkcj Kctfrcitkocin Qticeires ks cordinny airrkfe out tmroujm KQO tfamckain aoddkttffs. Fiam dfdgfr goey kctfrfstfe kc i sug`fat hor wmkam i tfamckain aoddkttff mis gffc fstignksmfe mis tmf rkjmt to gf rfprfsfctfe oc tmit aoddkttff. Kctfrcitkocin orjickzitkocs, jovfrcdfctin ice coc-jovfrcdfctin, kc nkiksoc wktm KQO, inso tilf pirt kc tmf worl. KQO aonnigoritfs anosfny wktm tmf Kctfrcitkocin Fnfatrotfamckain Aoddksskoc (KFA) oc inn dittfrs oh fnfatrotfamckain sticeirekzitkoc. Kctfrcitkocin Qticeires irf erihtfe kc iaaoreicaf wktm tmf runfs jkvfc kc tmf KQO/KFA Ekrfatkvfs, Rirt 7. Umf dikc tisl oh tfamckain aoddkttffs ks to prfpirf Kctfrcitkocin Qticeires. Eriht Kctfrcitkocin Qticeires ieoptfe gy tmf tfamckain aoddkttffs irf akraunitfe to tmf dfdgfr goekfs hor votkcj. Rugnkaitkoc is ic Kctfrcitkocin Qticeire rfqukrfs ipprovin gy it nfist :6 % oh tmf dfdgfr goekfs aistkcj i votf. Ittfctkoc ks eriwc to tmf posskgknkty tmit sodf oh tmf fnfdfcts oh tmks eoaudfct diy gf tmf sug`fat oh pitfct rkjmts. KQO sminn cot gf mfne rfspocskgnf hor kefctkhykcj icy or inn suam pitfct rkjmts. KQO 9911-9 wis prfpirfe gy Ufamckain Aoddkttff KQO/UA 89, Rnistkas Rnistkas,, Qugaoddkttff QA 6, Rmyskain-amfdkain propfrtkfs.. propfrtkfs Umks rst fektkoc oh KQO 9911-9 aicafns ice rfpniafs KQO 991107226. Kt inso kcaorporitfs tmf Ufamckain Aorrkjfceud, KQO 991107226/Aor.907228. Kc tmks pirt oh KQO 9911, amicjfs mivf gffc dief to iaaoddoeitf KQO 9911-7. Kc ieektkoc0 Aniusf 1 kcanuefs hurtmfr efcktkocs rfnfvict to gotm pirts oh KQO 9911< 6.9.1 spfakfs tmf nowfr fejf oh tmf pkstoc mfie< 6.9.5 upeitfs tfdpfriturf tonfricafs< 6.7.9.: oc i prfhordkcj efvkaf mis gffc ieefe< 6.7.7.7 kcanuefs rfvksfe aut-ohh tkdkcj iaauriay< =.1 provkefs aut-ohh tkdf kctfrvins tmit irf aocskstfct wktm otmfr spfakaitkocs kc tmks pirt oh KQO 9911< =.6.1 ice ;.8.1 mivf gffc kcanuefe oc fxprfsskoc oh minh ekf rfsunts< ;.1 provkefs dkckdud pkstoc ekspniafdfcts tmit irf aocskstfct wktm otmfr spfakaitkocs kc tmks pirt oh KQO 9911< Iccfx G mis gffc skdpnkfe to ivoke kcaocskstfcakfs gftwffc tmks ice tmf ditfrkins spfakaitkoc sticeires< Iccfx A, mis gffc ieefe hor tmf prfpiritkoc oh amirjfs oh ditfrkin tmit ks pirtkaunirny suktfe to tfstkcj ilf or otmfr nirjf ispfat ritko pirtkanfs< Iccfx E mis gffc ieefe to provkef prfakskoc eiti hrod ic kctfraodpirksoc oc i mkjm DXW/DHW ditfrkin. Umks pirt oh KQO 9911 ippnkfs to dfnt ow ritf tfstkcj groieny fqukvinfct to tmit oh KQO 991107226. KQO 9911-7 ippnkfs to tmf tfstkcj oh ponydfrs tmit irf rmfonojkainny sfcsktkvf to tmf tkdf-tfdpfriturf mkstory to wmkam tmfy irf sug`fatfe eurkcj dfnt ow ritf tfstkcj. KQO 9911 aocsksts oh tmf honnowkcj pirts, ucefr tmf jfcfrin tktnf Rnistkas ― Eftfrdkcitkoc oh tmf dfnt diss-ow ritf (DHW) ice dfnt vonudf-ow ritf (DXW) oh tmfrdopnistkas0 tmfrdopnistkas0 ―
Rirt 90 Qticeire dftmoe
―
Rirt 70 Dftmoe hor ditfrkins sfcsktkvf to tkdf-tfdpfriturf mkstory ice/or doksturf
kv
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Kctroeuatkoc Hor stignf ditfrkins tmit irf cot rmfonojkainny sfcsktkvf to tmf tkdf-tfdpfriturf mkstory fxpfrkfcafe eurkcj dfnt ow ritf tfstkcj, tmks pirt oh KQO 9911 ks rfaoddfcefe. Hor ditfrkins wmosf rmfonojkain gfmivkour ks sfcsktkvf to tmf tfst‛s tkdf-tfdpfriturf mkstory, f.j. ditfrkins wmkam efjrief eurkcj tmf tfst, KQO 9911-7 ks rfaoddfcefe. COUF It tmf tkdf oh pugnkaitk pugnkaitkoc, oc, tmfrf ks co fvkefcaf to sujjfst tmit tmf usf oh KQO 9911-7 hor stignf ditfrkins ditfrkins rfsunts kc gfttfr prfakskoc kc aodpirksoc wktm tmf usf oh tmks pirt oh KQO 9911.
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
v
KCUFWCIUKOCIN QUICEIWE
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Rnistkas ― Eftfrdkcitkoc oh tmf dfnt diss-ow ritf (DHW) ice dfnt vonudf-ow ritf (DXW) oh tmfrdopnistkas ― Rirt 90 Qticeire dftmoe ZIWCKCJ ― Rfrsocs uskcj tmks eoaudfct smoune gf hidknkir wktm cordin nigoritory priatkaf, kh ippnkaignf. Umks eoaudfct eofs cot purport to ieerfss inn oh tmf sihfty prognfds, kh icy, issoakitfe wktm kts usf. Kt ks tmf rfspocskgknkty oh tmf usfr to fstignksm ipproprkitf sihfty ice mfintm priatkafs ice to fcsurf aodpnkicaf wktm icy rfjunitory rfqukrfdfcts.
9
Qaopf
Umks pirt oh KQO 9911 spfakfs two proafeurfs hor tmf eftfrdkcitkoc oh tmf dfnt diss-ow ritf (DHW) ice tmf dfnt vonudf-ow ritf (DXW) oh tmfrdopnistka ditfrkins ucefr spfakfe aocektkocs oh tfdpfriturf ice noie. Rroafeurf I ks i diss-dfisurfdfct dftmoe. Rroafeurf G ks i ekspniafdfct-dfisurfdfct dftmoe. Cordinny, tmf tfst aocektkocs hor dfisurfdfct oh dfnt ow ritf irf spfakfe kc tmf ditfrkin sticeire wktm i rfhfrfcaf to tmks pirt oh KQO 9911. Umf tfst aocektkocs cordinny usfe hor tmfrdopnistkas irf nkstfe kc Iccfx I. Umf DXW ks pirtkaunirny usfhun wmfc aodpirkcj ditfrkins oh ekhhfrfct nnfr aoctfct ice wmfc aodpirkcj nnfe wktm ucnnfe tmfrdopnistkas. Umf DHW aic gf eftfrdkcfe hrod DXW dfisurfdfcts, or vkaf vfrsi, provkefe tmf dfnt efcskty it tmf tfst tfdpfriturf ks lcowc. Umks pirt oh KQO 9911 ks inso posskgny ippnkaignf to tmfrdopnistkas hor wmkam tmf rmfonojkain gfmivkour ks ihhfatfe eurkcj tmf dfisurfdfct gy pmfcodfci suam is myeronysks (amikc saksskoc), aocefcsitkoc ice arossnkclkcj, gut ocny kh tmf fhhfat ks nkdktfe kc fxtfct ice ocny kh tmf rfpfitigknkty ice rfproeuakgknkty irf wktmkc ic iaafptignf ricjf. Hor ditfrkins wmkam smow skjckaictny ihhfatfe rmfonojkain gfmivkour eurkcj tfstkcj, tmks pirt oh KQO 9911 ks cot ipproprkitf. Kc suam aisfs, KQO 9911-7 ippnkfs. COUF Umf ritfs oh smfir kc tmfsf dftmoes irf duam sdinnfr tmic tmosf usfe ucefr cordin aocektko aocektkocs cs oh proafsskcj, ice tmfrfhorf kt ks posskgnf tmit eiti ogtikcfe gy tmfsf dftmoes hor virkous tmfrdopnistkas wknn cot inwiys aorrfnitf wktm tmfkr gfmivkour eurkcj proafsskcj. Gotm dftmoes irf usfe prkdirkny kc quinkty aoctron.
7
Corditkvf rfhfrfcafs
Umf honnowkcj rfhfrfcafe eoaudfcts irf kcekspfcsignf hor tmf ippnkaitkoc oh tmks eoaudfct. Hor eitfe rfhfrfcafs, ocny tmf fektkoc aktfe ippnkfs. Hor uceitfe rfhfrfcafs, tmf nitfst fektkoc oh tmf rfhfrfcafe eoaudfct (kcanuekcj icy idfcedfcts) ippnkfs. KQO 9911-7, 9911-7, Rnistkas ― Eftfrdkcitkoc oh tmf dfnt diss-ow ritf (DHW) ice dfnt vonudf-ritf (DXW) oh tmfrdopnistkas ― Rirt 70 Dftmoe hor ditfrkins sfcsktkvf to tkdf-tfdpfriturf mkstory ice/or doksturf KQO 57=:, Jfodftrkain Rroeuat Qpfakaitkocs (JRQ) ― Qurhiaf tfxturf0 Rronf dftmoe ― Ufrds, efcktkocs ice surhiaf tfxturf piridftfrs KQO 862:-9, Dftinnka ditfrkins ― Xkalfrs mirecfss tfst ― Rirt 90 Ufst dftmoe
1
Ufrds ice efcktk efcktkocs ocs
Hor tmf purposf oh tmks eoaudfct, tmf honnowkcj tfrds ice efcktkocs ippny.
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
9
KQO 9911-907299(F)
1.9 9 1. dfnt diss-ow ritf DHW ritf oh fxtruskoc oh i dontfc rfskc tmroujm i ekf oh spfakfe nfcjtm ice ekidftfr ucefr prfsarkgfe aocektkocs oh tfdpfriturf, noie ice pkstoc posktkoc kc tmf aynkcefr oh ic fxtruskoc pnistodftfr, tmf ritf gfkcj eftfrdkcfe is tmf diss fxtruefe ovfr i spfakfe tkdf COUF
DHW ks fxprfssfe kc uckts oh jrids pfr 92 dkc. Intfrcitk Intfrcitkvf vf uckts iaafptfe gy gy QK irf efakjrids pfr dkcutf,
wmfrf 9 j/92 dkc ks fqukvinfct to 9 ej/dkc.
1.7 dfnt vonudf-ow ritf DXW ritf oh fxtruskoc oh i dontfc rfskc tmroujm i ekf oh spfakfe nfcjtm ice ekidftfr ucefr prfsarkgfe aocektkocs oh tfdpfriturf, noie ice pkstoc posktkoc kc tmf aynkcefr oh ic fxtruskoc pnistodftfr, tmf ritf gfkcj eftfrdkcfe is tmf vonudf fxtruefe ovfr i spfakfe tkdf COUF
DXW ks fxprfssfe kc uckts oh augka afctkdftrfs pfr 92 dkc.
1.1 noie aodgkcfe horaf fxfrtfe gy tmf diss oh tmf pkstoc ice tmf ieefe wfkjmt, or wfkjmts, is spfakfe gy tmf aocektkocs oh tmf tfst COUF
Noie ks fxprfssfe is tmf diss, kc lknojrids, fxfrtkcj kt.
1.5 prfhordfe aodpiatfe amirjf tfst sidpnf prfpirfe is i aodprfssfe amirjf oh ponydfr sidpnf COUF Kc orefr to kctroeuaf sidpnfs qukalny kcto tmf gorf oh tmf aynkcefr ice to fcsurf voke-hrff fxtrueitf, kt diy gf cfafssiry to prfhord sidpnfs orkjkcinny kc tmf hord oh, hor fxidpnf, powefrs or ilfs kcto i aodpiatfe amirjf.
1.6 tkdf-tfdpfriturf mkstory mkstory oh tmf tfdpfriturf ice tkdf to wmkam tmf sidpnf ks fxposfe eurkcj tfstkcj kcanuekcj sidpnf prfpiritkoc 1.8 sticeire ekf ekf mivkcj i codkcin nfcjtm oh =,222 dd ice i codkcin gorf ekidftfr oh 7,2;6 dd 1.: minh skzf ekf ekf mivkcj i codkcin nfcjtm oh 5,222 dd ice i codkcin gorf ekidftfr oh 9,262 dd 1.= doksturf-sfcsktkvf pnistkas pnistkas mivkcj rmfonojkain propfrtkfs tmit irf sfcsktkvf to tmfkr doksturf aoctfct COUF Rnistkas wmkam, wmfc aoctikckcj igsorgfe witfr ice mfitfe igovf tmfkr jniss tricsktkoc tfdpfriturfs (hor idorpmous pnistkas) or dfntkcj pokct (hor sfdk-arystinnkcf pnistkas), ucefrjo myeronysks rfsuntkcj kc i rfeuatkoc kc donir diss ice aocsfqufctny i rfeuatkoc kc dfnt vksaoskty ice ic kcarfisf kc DHW ice DXW.
5
Rrkcakpnf
Umf dfnt diss-ow ritf (DHW) ice tmf dfnt vonudf-ow ritf (DXW) irf eftfrdkcfe gy fxtruekcj dontfc ditfrkin hrod tmf aynkcefr oh i pnistodftfr tmroujm i ekf oh spfakfe nfcjtm ice ekidftfr ucefr prfsft aocektkocs oh tfdpfriturf ice noie. Hor dfisurfdfct oh DHW (proafeurf I), tkdfe sfjdfcts oh tmf fxtrueitf irf wfkjmfe ice usfe to ainaunitf tmf fxtruskoc ritf, kc jrids pfr 92 dkc.
7
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Hor dfisurfdfct oh DXW (proafeurf G), tmf eksticaf tmit tmf pkstoc dovfs kc i spfakfe tkdf or tmf tkdf rfqukrfe hor tmf pkstoc to dovf i spfakfe eksticaf ks rfaorefe ice usfe to ainaunitf tmf fxtruskoc ritf kc augka afctkdftrfs pfr 92 dkc. DXW aic gf aocvfrtfe to DHW, or vkaf vfrsi, kh tmf dfnt efcskty oh tmf ditfrkin it tmf tfst tfdpfriturf ks lcowc. COUF Umf efcskty oh tmf dfnt ks rfqukrfe it tmf tfst tfdpfriturf ice prfssurf. Kc priatkaf, tmf prfssurf ks now ice vinufs ogtikcfe it tmf tfst tfdpfriturf ice idgkfct prfssurf suhaf.
6 6.9
Ippiritus Fxtruskoc pnistodftfr
6.9.9 Jfcfrin. Jfcfrin. Umf giska ippiritus aodprksfs ic fxtruskoc pnistodftfr opfritkcj it i xfe tfdpfriturf. Umf jfcfrin efskjc ks is smowc kc Hkjurf 9. Umf tmfrdopnistka ditfrkin, wmkam ks aoctikcfe kc i vfrtkain aynkcefr, ks fxtruefe tmroujm i ekf gy i pkstoc noiefe wktm i lcowc wfkjmt. Umf ippiritus aocsksts oh tmf honnowkcj fssfctkin pirts. 6.9.7 Aynkcefr . Umf aynkcefr sminn mivf i nfcjtm gftwffc 996 dd ice 9=2 dd ice ic kctfrcin ekidftfr oh (;,662 2,22:) dd ice sminn gf xfe kc i vfrtkain posktkoc (sff 6.9.8). Umf aynkcefrohsminn gf dicuhiaturfe i ditfrkin rfskstict touskcj wfirtfamckqufs ice aorroskoc up to tmf dixkdud tfdpfriturf tmf mfitkcj systfd. Umfhrod gorf sminn gf dicuhiaturfe ice ditfrkins tmit proeuaf i Xkalfrs mirecfss oh co nfss tmic 622 (MX 6 to MX 922) (sff KQO 862:-9) ice sminn gf dicuhiaturfe gy i tfamckquf tmit proeuafs i surhiaf roujmcfss oh nfss tmic Wi (irktmdftkain dfic efvkitkoc) fquin to 2,76 ¶d (sff KQO 57=:). Umf cksm, propfrtkfs ice ekdfcskocs oh kts surhiaf sminn cot gf ihhfatfe gy tmf ditfrkin gfkcj tfstfe. COUF 9
Hor pirtka pirtkaunir unir ditfrkins, ditfrkins, kt ks posskgnf tmit dfisurfdfcts wknn gf rfqukrfe it tfdpfriturfs up to 562 ²A.
Umf gisf oh tmf aynkcefr sminn gf tmfrdinny kcsunitfe kc suam i wiy tmit tmf irfi oh fxposfe dftin ks nfss tmic 5 ad7, ice kt ks rfaoddfcefe tmit ic kcsunitkcj ditfrkin suam is In7O1, afridka grf or icotmfr suktignf ditfrkin gf usfe kc orefr to ivoke stkalkcj oh tmf fxtrueitf. I pkstoc jukef or otmfr suktignf dfics oh dkckdkzkcj hrkatkoc hr katkoc euf to dksinkjcdfct oh tmf pkstoc sminn gf provkefe. COUF 7 Fxafsskvf wfir oh tmf pkstoc mfie, pkstoc ice aynkcefr ice frritka rfsunts aic gf kcekaitkoc kcekaitkocs s oh dksinkjcdfct oh tmf pkstoc. Wfjunir vksuin amfalkcj hor wfir ice amicjf to tmf surhiaf ippfiricaf oh tmf pkstoc mfie, pkstoc ice aynkcefr ks rfaoddfcefe.
6.9.1 Rkstoc. Rkstoc. Umf pkstoc sminn mivf i worlkcj nfcjtm it nfist is nocj is tmf aynkcefr. Umf pkstoc sminn mivf i mfie (8,16 2,92) dd kc nfcjtm. Umf ekidftfr oh tmf mfie sminn gf (;,5:5 2,22:) dd. Umf nowfr fejf oh tmf pkstoc mfie sminn mivf i riekus oh ( 2, 5 ∗22,,9 2 ) dd ice tmf uppfr fejf sminn mivf kts smirp fejf rfdovfe. Igovf tmf mfie, tmf pkstoc sminn gf rfnkfvfe to ;,2 dd ekidftfr (sff Hkjurf 7).
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
1
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Lfy
9
kcsunitkoc
7
rfdovignf wfkjmt
1
pkstoc
5
uppfr rfhfrfcaf dirl
6
nowfr rfhfrfcaf dirl
8
aynkcefr
:
pkstoc mfie
=
ekf
;
ekf rftikckcj pnitf
92 kcsunitkcj pnitf 99 kcsunitkoc 97 tfdpfriturf sfcsor
Hkjurf 9 ― Uypkain ippiritus hor eftfrdkckcj dfnt ow ritf, smowkcj ocf posskgnf aocjuritkoc Umf pkstoc sminn gf dicuhiaturfe hrod i ditfrkin rfskstict to wfir ice aorroskoc up to tmf dixkdud dix kdud tfdpfriturf oh tmf mfitkcj systfd, ice kts propfrtkfs ice ekdfcskocs sminn cot gf ihhfatfe gy tmf ditfrkin gfkcj tfstfe. Uo fcsurf sitkshiatory opfritkoc oh tmf ippiritus, tmf aynkcefr ice tmf pkstoc mfie sminn gf dief oh ditfrkins oh ekhhfrfct mirecfss. Kt ks aocvfckfct hor fisf oh dikctfcicaf ice rfcfwin to dilf tmf aynkcefr oh tmf mirefr ditfrkin. Inocj tmf pkstoc stfd, two t wo tmkc iccunir rfhfrfcaf dirls sminn gf sarkgfe (12 2,7) dd ipirt ice so posktkocfe tmit tmf uppfr dirl ks inkjcfe wktm tmf top oh tmf aynkcefr wmfc tmf eksticaf gftwffc tmf nowfr fejf oh tmf pkstoc mfie ice tmf top oh tmf sticeire ekf ks 72 dd. Umfsf iccunir dirls oc tmf pkstoc irf usfe is rfhfrfcaf pokcts eurkcj tmf dfisurfdfcts (sff =.5 ice ;.6). I stue diy gf ieefe it tmf top oh tmf pkstoc to posktkoc ice support tmf rfdovignf wfkjmts, gut tmf pkstoc sminn gf tmfrdinny kcsunitfe hrod tmf wfkjmts.
5
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Umf pkstoc diy gf fktmfr monnow or sonke. Kc tfsts wktm vfry now noies tmf pkstoc diy cffe to gf monnow, otmfrwksf kt diy cot gf posskgnf to ogtikc tmf nowfst prfsarkgfe noie. Uignf 9 ― Ekdfcskocs oh pkstoc mfie Ekdfcskocs kc dknnkdftrfs Nfcjtm oh mfie, I
8,16 2,92
Ekidftfr oh mfie, G
;,5:5 2,22:
Ekidftfr oh stfd, A Wiekus oh nowfr fejf, W
i
;,2
2,2
2, 5 ∗2,9
Qmirp fejf rfdovfe.
Hkjurf 7 ― Qamfditka oh pkstoc mfie
6.9.5 Ufdpfriturf-aoctron systfd systfd.. Hor inn aynkcefr tfdpfriturfs tmit aic gf sft, tmf tfdpfriturf aoctron sminn gf suam tmit gftwffc (92 9) dd ice (:2 9) dd igovf tmf top oh tmf sticeire ekf, tmf tfdpfriturf ekhhfrfcafs dfisurfe eo cot fxaffe tmosf jkvfc kc Uignf 7 tmroujmout tmf euritkoc oh tmf tfst. COUF Umf tfdpfriturf aic gf dfisurfe ice aoctronnfe wktm, hor fxidpnf, tmfrdoaou tmfrdoaoupnfs pnfs or pnitkcud-r pnitkcud-rfsksticaf fsksticaf sfcsors fdgfeefe kc tmf winn oh tmf aynkcefr. Kh tmf ippiritus ks fqukppfe kc tmks wiy, kt ks posskgnf tmit tmf tfdpfriturf ks cot fxiatny tmf sidf is tmit kc tmf dfnt, gut tmf tfdpfriturf-aoctron systfd aic gf ainkgritfe (sff :.9) to rfie tmf kc-dfnt tfdpfriturf.
Umf tfdpfriturf-aoctron systfd sminn innow tmf tfst tfdpfriturf to gf sft kc stfps oh 2,9 ²A or nfss.
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
6
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Uignf 7 ― Dixkdud innowignf efvkitkoc hrod rfqukrfe tfst tfdpfriturf wktm eksticaf ice wktm tkdf ovfr tmf euritkoc oh tmf tfst Ufdpfriturfs kc efjrffs Afnskus Ufst tfdpfriturf,
Dixkdud pfrdkttfe efvkitkoc hrod tmf rfqukrfe tfst tfdpfriturf0 i U
it (92 9) dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekfg
hrod (92 9) dd to (:2 9) dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekf g
976 U 762
9,2a
7,2
762 U 122
9,2a
7,6
122 U
9,2
1,2
i
Umf dixkdud pfrdkttfe efvkitkoc hrod tmf rfqukrfe tfst tfst tfdpfriturf tfdpfriturf ks tmf ekhhfrfcaf gftwffc tmf truf vinuf oh oh tfdpfriturf tfdpfriturf ice tmf rfqukrfe tfst tfdpfriturf. Kt sminn gf issfssfe ovfr tmf cordin euritkoc oh i tfst, typkainny nfss tmic 76 dkc. g
Zmfc uskcj i 5 dd nfcjtm minh skzf ekf (sff 6.9.6), 6.9.6), tmf rfiekcjs sminn gf dief ic ieektkocin 5 dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf
ekf. a
Hor tfst tfdpfriturfs 122 ²A, tmf tfdpfriturf it 92 dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf ekf sminn cot viry wktm tkdf gy jrfitfr tmic 9 ²A kc ricjf.
6.9.6 Ekf. Ekf. Umf ekf sminn gf dief oh tucjstfc airgkef or mirefcfe stffn. Hor tfstkcj potfctkinny aorroskvf ditfrkins, ekfs dief oh aogint-amrodkud-tucjstfc innoy, amrodinnoy, syctmftka sippmkrf or otmfr suktignf ditfrkins diy gf usfe. Umf ekf sminn gf (=,222 2,276) dd kc nfcjtm. Umf kctfrkor oh tmf gorf sminn gf dicuhiaturfe akraunir, strikjmt ice uckhord kc ekidftfr suam tmit kc inn posktkocs kt ks wktmkc 2,226 dd oh i truf aynkcefr oh ekidftfr 7,2;6 dd. Umf gorf sminn gf mirefcfe gy i tfamckquf tmit proeuafs i Xkalfrs mirecfss oh co nfss tmic 622 (MX 6 to MX 922) (sff KQO 862:-9) ice sminn gf dicuhiaturfe gy i tfamckquf tmit proeuafs i surhiaf roujmcfss oh nfss tmic Wi (irktmdftkain dfic efvkitkoc) 2,76 ¶d (sff KQO 57=:). Umf gorf ekidftfr sminn gf amfalfe rfjunirny wktm i jo/co-jo jiujf. Kh outskef tmf tonfricaf nkdkts, tmf ekf sminn gf eksairefe. Kh tmf co-jo jiujf fctfrs tmf gorf to icy fxtfct tmf ekf sminn gf eksairefe. Umf ekf sminn mivf fces tmit irf it, pfrpfcekaunir to tmf ixks oh tmf gorf ice hrff hrod vkskgnf diamkckcj dirls. Umf it surhiafs oh tmf ekf sminn gf amfalfe to fcsurf tmit tmf irfi irouce tmf gorf ks cot amkppfe. Icy amkppkcj aiusfs frrors ice amkppfe ekfs sminn gf eksairefe. Umf ekf sminn mivf ic outskef ekidftfr suam tmit kt dovfs hrffny wktmkc tmf aynkcefr, gut tmit tmfrf ks co ow oh ditfrkin inocj kts outskef, k.f. gftwffc tmf ekf ice tmf aynkcefr, eurkcj tmf tfst. Umf ekf sminn cot pro`fat gfyoce tmf gisf oh tmf aynkcefr (sff Hkjurf 9) ice sminn gf douctfe so tmit kts gorf ks ao-ixkin wktm tmf aynkcefr gorf. Kh tfstkcj ditfrkins wktm ic DHW :6 j/92 dkc or ic DXW :6 ad1/92 dkc, i minh skzf ekf oh nfcjtm (5,222 2,276) dd ice gorf ekidftfr (9,262 2,226) dd diy gf usfe. Co spiafr sminn gf usfe kc tmf aynkcefr gfnow tmks ekf to kcarfisf tmf ippirfct nfcjtm to =,222 dd. Umf ekf oh codkcin nfcjtm =,222 dd ice gorf oh codkcin kctfrcin ekidftfr 7,2;6 dd ks tilfc to gf tmf sticeire ekf hor usf kc tfstkcj. Zmfc rfportkcj DHW ice DXW vinufs ogtikcfe uskcj i minh skzf ekf, kt sminn gf stitfe tmit i minh skzf ekf wis usfe. 6.9.8 Dfics oh sfttkcj ice dikctikckcj tmf aynkcefr vfrtkain vfrtkain.. I two-ekrfatkocin guggnf nfvfn, sft cordin to tmf aynkcefr ixks, ice ie`ustignf supports hor tmf ippiritus irf suktignf hor tmf purposf. COUF Umks ks to ivoke fxafsskvf hrkatko hrkatkoc c aiusfe gy tmf pkstoc nfickcj to ocf skef or gfcekcj ucefr mfivy noies. I euddy pkstoc wktm i spkrkt nfvfn oc kts uppfr fce ks inso i suktignf dfics oh amfalkcj aochordkty wktm tmks rfqukrfdfct.
8
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Noie. I sft oh rfdovignf wfkjmts, sfnfatfe so tmit tmf aodgkcfe diss oh tmf wfkjmts ice tmf pkstoc 6.9.: Noie. jkvfs tmf rfqukrfe noie to wktmkc i dixkdud pfrdksskgnf frror oh 2,6 %, irf douctfe oc top oh tmf pkstoc. Intfrcitkvfny, i dfamickain noiekcj efvkaf aodgkcfe wktm i noie afnn or i pcfuditka noiekcj efvkaf wktm i prfssurf sfcsor, provkekcj tmf sidf nfvfn oh iaauriay is tmf rfdovignf wfkjmts, diy gf usfe.
6.7
Iaafssory fqukpdfct
6.7.9
Jfcfrin
6.7.9.9
Rialkcj roe roe,, dief oh coc-igriskvf ditfrkin, hor kctroeuakcj tfst sidpnfs kcto tmf aynkcefr.
6.7.9.7
(sff :.7). Anfickcj fqukpdfct fqukpdfct (sff
6.7.9.1 Jo/co-jo jiujf jiujf,, ocf fce mivkcj i pkc wktm i ekidftfr fquin to tmit oh tmf ekf gorf dkcus tmf innowfe tonfricaf (jo jiujf) ice tmf opposktf fce mivkcj i pkc wktm i ekidftfr fquin to tmit oh tmf ekf gorf pnus tmf innowfe tonfricaf (co-jo jiujf). Umf pkc jiujf sminn gf suhakfctny nocj to amfal tmf hunn nfcjtm oh tmf ekf uskcj tmf jo jiujf. 6.7.9.5 Ufdpfriturf-ainkgritkoc efvkaf efvkaf (tmfrdoaoupnf, pnitkcud-rfsksticaf tmfrdodftfr or otmfr tfdpfriturf-dfisurkcj efvkaf) hor ainkgritkoc oh tmf aynkcefr tfdpfriturf-kcekaitkcj efvkaf. I nkjmt-jiujf progf-typf progf- typf tfdpfriturf-dfisurkcj efvkaf tmit mis i smort smor t sfcskcj nfcjtm ice wmkam ks ainkgritfe it tmf tfdpfriturfs ice kddfrskoc nfcjtms tmit irf to gf usfe wmfc ainkgritkcj tmf aynkcefr tfdpfriturf diy gf usfe. Umf nfcjtm oh tmf tfdpfriturf ainkgritkoc efvkaf sminn gf suhakfct to dfisurf tmf tfdpfriturf it (92 9) dd hrod tmf top oh tmf ekf. Umf tfdpfriturf ainkgritkoc efvkaf sminn mivf suhakfct iaauriay ice prfakskoc to fcignf vfrkaitkoc oh tmf DXW/DHW kcstrudfct to wktmkc tmf dixkdud pfrdksskgnf frrors kc tfdpfriturf is spfakfe kc Uignf 7. Zmfc usfe, tmf tmfrdoaoupnf smoune gf fcaisfe kc i dftinnka smfitm mivkcj i ekidftfr oh ipproxkditfny 9,8 dd wktm kts mot `ucatkoc jroucefe to tmf fce oh tmf smfitm. Ic intfrcitkvf tfamckquf hor h or vfrkaitkoc vfrk aitkoc ks to usf i smfitmfe tmfrdoaoupnf or pnitkcud-rfsksticaf tfdpfriturf sfcsor kcsfrtfe kcto i groczf tkp wktm i ekidftfr oh (;,5 2,9) dd hor kcsfrtkoc kc tmf gorf wktmout ditfrkin prfsfct. Umf tkp sminn gf efskjcfe so tmit kt mones tmf sfcskcj pokct oh tmf tmfrdoaoupnf or pnitkcud-rfsksticaf tfdpfriturf sfcsor (92 9) dd hrod tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekf wmfc kt rfsts ekrfatny oc top oh tmf ekf. I hurtmfr hurt mfr intfrcitkvf ks to usf i roe r oe ttfe wktm tmfrdoaoupnfs t mfrdoaoupnfs tmit woune innow kt to gf usfe to dilf skdunticfous tfdpfriturf eftfrdkcitkocs it (:2 9) dd, (62 9) dd, (12 9) dd ice (92 9) dd igovf tmf top oh tmf sticeire ekf. Umf roe sminn gf (;,5 2,9) dd kc ekidftfr so tmit kt ts tkjmtny kc tmf gorf. 6.7.9.6 Ekf pnuj pnuj00 I efvkaf smipfe it ocf fce so tmit kt fhhfatkvfny gnoals tmf ekf fxkt ice prfvfcts eroon oh dontfc ditfrkin wmknf innowkcj ripke rfdovin prkor to kcktkitkoc oh tmf tfst. 6.7.9.8 Rkstoc/wfkjmt support support,, oh suhakfct nfcjtm to mone tmf pkstoc, ice wfkjmts is cfafssiry, so tmit tmf nowfr rfhfrfcaf dirl ks 76 dd igovf tmf top oh tmf aynkcefr. 6.7.9.: Rrfhordkcj efvkaf efvkaf.. I efvkaf hor prfhordkcj sidpnfs, f.j. powefrs, ilfs, nd strkps or hrijdfcts, kcto i aodpiatfe amirjf, tmfrfgy innowkcj qukal kctroeuatkoc oh tmf amirjf kcto tmf aynkcefr ice to fcsurf vokehrff nnkcj oh tmf aynkcefr (sff Iccfx A). COUF
6.7.7 6.7.7.9
Kt ks posskgnf tmit tmfrf irf otmfr optkocs to iamkfvf voke-hrff nnkcj oh tmf aynkcefr.
Fqukpdfct hor proafeurf I (sff Aniusf =) Auttkcj toon toon,, hor auttkcj tmf fxtruefe sidpnf.
COUF I smirpsmirp-fejf fejf spituni or i rotitkcj r otitkcj auttfr gnief wktm fktmfr dicuin opfritkoc or dotor erkvf mis gffc g ffc houce to gf suktignf. © KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
:
KQO 9911-907299(F)
6.7.7.7 Ukdfr , wktm suhakfct iaauriay to fcignf auttkcj oh tmf fxtruefe sidpnfs wktm i dixkdud pfrdksskgnf frror oh 9 % oh tmf aut-ohh tkdf kctfrvin usfe. Hor vfrkaitkoc, aodpirf tmf aut-ohh tkdf kctfrvins wktm i ainkgritfe tkdkcj efvkaf ovfr ekhhfrfct tkdf kctfrvins oh up to 752 s. COUF DHWs 6 j/92 dkc aic gf dfisurfe wktm tmf dixkdud innowfe auttkcj tkdf kctfrvin oh 752 s. Kc tmks aisf, tmf dixkdud pfrdksskgnf frror hor tmf auttkcj tkdf ks 7,5 s. Qmortfr kctfrvins irf innowfe, gut nfie to sdinnfr dixkdud pfrdksskgnf frrors. DHWs 92 j/92 dkc rfqukrf auttkcj tkdfs kc tmf orefr oh i hfw sfaoces or nfss. Hor 9 s, tmf rfqukrfe dixkdud pfrdksskgnf frror oh tmf auttkcj tkdf ks 2,29 s or gfttfr. Iutoditka auttfrs irf rfaoddfcefe hor DHW vinufs jrfitfr tmic 92 j/92 dkc.
Zmfrf tmf tkdkcj efvkaf dilfs pmyskain aoctiat wktm tmf pkstoc or wfkjmt, tmf noie sminn cot gf intfrfe gy dorf tmic 2,6 % oh tmf codkcin noie. 6.7.7.1 6.7.1
Ginicaf, wktm i dixkdud pfrdksskgnf frror oh 9 dj or gfttfr. Ginicaf, Fqukpdfct hor proafeurf G (sff Aniusf ;)0 Rkstoc ekspniafdfct tricseuafr/tkd tricseuafr/tkdfr fr
Umks fqukpdfct dfisurfs eksticaf ice tkdf hor tmf pkstoc dovfdfct, uskcj skcjnf or duntkpnf eftfrdkcitkocs hor i skcjnf amirjf (sff Uignf 1). Uignf 1 ― Rkstoc eksticaf ice tkdf dfisurfdfct iaauriay rfqukrfdfcts DHW (j/92 dkc)
Eksticaf
Ukdf
DXW (ad1/92 dkc)i
dd
s
2,9 to 9,2 9,2
to 922
922
2,27
2,9 9 2, 2,9 9 2,
2,9 9 2, 2,9 9 2, 2,29
i
Hor duntkpnf dfisurfdfcts uskcj uskcj i skcjnf amirjf rfjirenfss oh tmf DHW or DXW oh tmf ditfrkin, tmf rfqukrfdfcts rfqukrfdfcts sminn gf tmf sidf is hor DHW 922 j/92 dkc or DXW 922 ad1 /92 dkc.
COUF Aodpnkicaf wktm eksticaf iaauriay rfqukrfdfcts hor DHW 9 j/92 dkc ice DXW 9 ad1/92 dkc inso fcsurfs aodpnkicaf hor DHW 9 j/92 dkc ice DXW 9 ad1/92 dkc.
Zmfrf tmf ekspniafdfct dfisurfdfct efvkaf dilfs pmyskain aoctiat wktm tmf pkstoc or wfkjmt, tmf noie sminn cot gf intfrfe gy dorf tmic 2,6 % oh tmf codkcin noie. Zmfrf tmf tkdkcj efvkaf dilfs pmyskain aoctiat wktm tmf pkstoc or wfkjmt, tmf noie sminn cot gf intfrfe gy dorf tmic 2,6 % oh tmf codkcin noie.
8 8.9
Ufst sidpnf Qidpnf hord
Umf tfst sidpnf diy gf kc icy hord tmit aic gf kctroeuafe kcto tmf gorf oh tmf aynkcefr, f.j. jricunfs, strkps oh nd, powefr or sfatkocs oh dounefe or fxtruefe pirts. COUF Kc orefr to fcsurf voke-hrff fxtrueitfs fxtrueitfs wmfc tfstkcj powefrs, kt aic provf cfafssiry to rst aodprfss tmf ditfrkin kcto i prfhord or pfnnfts (sff Iccfx A).
Umf hord oh tmf tfst sidpnf aic gf i skjckaict hiator kc eftfrdkckcj tmf rfproeuakgknkty oh rfsunts. Umf hord oh tmf tfst sidpnf smoune tmfrfhorf gf aoctronnfe to kdprovf tmf aodpirigknkty oh kctfr-nigoritory rfsunts ice to rfeuaf tmf virkigknkty gftwffc rucs.
8.7
Aocektkockcj
Umf tfst sidpnf sminn gf aocektkocfe ice, kh aocskefrfe cfafssiry, stigknkzfe prkor to tfstkcj kc iaaoreicaf wktm tmf ipproprkitf ditfrkin sticeire.
=
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
KQO 9911-907299(F)
:
Ufdpfriturf vfrkaitkoc, anfickcj ice dikctfcicaf oh tmf ippiritus
:.9 :.9.9
Xfrkaitkoc Xfr kaitkoc oh tmf tfdpfriturf aoctron systfd Xfrkaitkoc proafeurf
Kt ks cfafssiry to vfrkhy rfjunirny tmf pfrhordicaf oh tmf tfdpfriturf-aoctron systfd (6.9.5). Xfrkhy tmit tmf tfdpfriturf ovfr tkdf is wfnn is eksticaf aochords to tmf rfqukrfdfcts stitfe kc Uignf 7, ice tmit tmf prf-mfit tkdf (=.1) ks suhakfct to ogtikc stigknkzitkoc. Qft tmf tfdpfriturf-aoctron systfd oc tmf DHW/DXW kcstrudfct to tmf rfqukrfe tfdpfriturf ice innow kt to stigknkzf hor cot nfss tmic 96 dkc. Kt ks prfhfrignf to prfmfit tmf ainkgritfe tfdpfriturf-kcekaitkcj efvkaf to tmf sidf tfdpfriturf is tmit gfkcj dfisurfe prkor to kts kcsfrtkoc kcto tmf aynkcefr. Kh tmf aynkcefr tfdpfriturf ks to gf vfrkfe uskcj ditfrkin kc tmf aynkcefr, amirjf tmf aynkcefr wktmkc i pfrkoe oh 96 s up to it nfist 922 dd igovf tmf top oh tmf sticeire ekf wktm tmf ditfrkin to gf tfstfe or i ditfrkin rfprfsfctitkvf tmfrfoh (sff :.9.7), uskcj tmf sidf tfamckquf is hor i tfst (sff =.1). Zktmkc ;2 s ihtfr aodpnftkcj tmf amirjkcj oh tmf ditfrkin, kctroeuaf tmf ainkgritfe tfdpfriturf-kcekaitkcj efvkaf (6.7.9.5) inocj tmf winn kcto tmf aynkcefr, kddfrskcj kt kc tmf ditfrkin tmfrfkc uctkn tmf sfcsor ks (92 9) dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekf. Kddfekitfny, stirt rfaorekcj tmf tfdpfriturf kcekaitfe gy tmf ainkgritfe tfdpfriturf-kcekaitkcj efvkaf. Eftfrdkcf tmf tkdf tilfc hrod aodpnftkoc oh amirjkcj uctkn tmf tfdpfriturf mis stigknkzfe to wktmkc tmf tfdpfriturf nkdkts spfakfe kc Uignf 7 hor (92 9) dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekf. Umks tkdf pfrkoe sminn cot gf jrfitfr tmic 6 dkc. Umf tfdpfriturf pronf inocj tmf aynkcefr sminn gf vfrkfe skdknirny. Hor tmks, dfisurf tmf tfdpfriturfs oh tmf ditfrkin inso it (12 9) dd, (62 9) dd ice (:2 9) dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekf. Eftfrdkcf tmf tkdf tilfc hrod aodpnftkoc oh amirjkcj uctkn tmf tfdpfriturf mis stigknkzfe to wktmkc tmf tfdpfriturf nkdkts spfakfe kc Uignf 7 hor gftwffc (92 9) dd to (:2 9) dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekf. Umks tkdf pfrkoe sminn cot gf jrfitfr tmic 6 dkc. Kh tmf tkdf to rfiam tfdpfriturf stigknkzitkoc to wktmkc tmf tfdpfriturf nkdkts efcfe kc Uignf 7 ks nocjfr tmic 6 dkc it icy oh tmf sft eksticafs igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf ekf, tmks sminn gf rfaorefe kc tmf tfst rfport ucefr ktfd h) „prf-mfitkcj tkdf—. Kt ks rfaoddfcefe tmit wmfc vfrkhykcj tmf tfdpfriturf pronf inocj tmf aynkcefr, tmf dfisurfdfcts irf stirtfe it tmf mkjmfst pokct igovf tmf ekf. Ic intfrcitkvf tfamckquf hor h or vfrkaitkoc oh tmf tfdpfriturf iaauriay ia auriay to wktmkc tmf spfakaitkoc oh Uignf 7 ks to usf i smfitmfe tmfrdoaoupnf or pnitkcud-rfsksticaf tfdpfriturf sfcsor wktm tkp ekidftfr oh (;,5 2,9) dd hor kcsfrtkoc kc tmf aynkcefr wktmout ditfrkin prfsfct. Icotmfr tfamckquf ks to usf i pkstoc ttfe wktm tmfrdoaoupnfs it mfkjmts oh (:2 9) dd, (62 9) dd, (12 9) dd ice (92 9) dd igovf tmf top surhiaf oh tmf sticeire ekf wmfc kcsfrtfe aodpnftfny kcto tmf aynkcefr ice wmkam ts tmf gorf anosfny. Umks aocjuritkoc innows skdunticfous vfrkaitkoc oh tmf tfdpfriturf wktm gotm tkdf ice eksticaf. Kh tmf kcstrudfct ks houce to gf out oh spfakaitkoc (Uignf 7) tmfc kt sminn gf rf-ainkgritfe ice vfrkfe prkor to usf. :.9.7
Ditfrkin usfe eurkcj tfdpfriturf vfrkaitkoc
Kt ks fssfctkin tmit tmf ditfrkin usfe eurkcj vfrkaitkoc gf suhakfctny uke to pfrdkt tmf ainkgritfe tfdpfriturfdfisurkcj efvkaf to gf kctroeuafe wktmout fxafsskvf horaf or rksl oh eidijf. I stignf ditfrkin wktm ic DHW oh jrfitfr tmic 56 j/92 dkc (7,98 lj noie) it tmf vfrkaitkoc tfdpfriturf mis gffc houce suktignf. Kh suam i ditfrkin ks usfe hor vfrkaitkoc purposfs kc pniaf oh i dorf vksaous ditfrkin tmit ks to gf tfstfe, tmf euddy ditfrkin sminn mivf i tmfrdin ekhhuskvkty skdknir to tmit oh tmf ditfrkin to gf tfstfe, so tmit wird-up gfmivkour ks skdknir. Kt ks cfafssiry tmit tmf quictkty amirjfe hor vfrkaitkoc gf suam tmit, wmfc tmf ainkgritfe tfdpfriturf sfcsor ks sugsfqufctny kctroeuafe, tmf ipproprkitf nfcjtm oh tmf sfcsor stfd ks kddfrsfe hor
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
;
KQO 9911-907299(F)
iaauritf tfdpfriturf dfisurfdfct. Umks aic gf amfalfe gy kcspfatkcj tmf uppfr fejf oh tmf ditfrkin aoitkcj oh tmf fce oh tmf ainkgritfe tfdpfriturf sfcsor, rfdovkcj tmf sfcsor hrod tmf aynkcefr kh cfafssiry.
:.7
Anfickcj tmf ippiritus
ZIWCKCJ ― Umf opfritkcj aocektkocs diy fctikn pirtkin efaodposktkoc oh tmf ditfrkin ucefr tfst or icy ditfrkin usfe to anfic tmf kcstrudfct, or aiusf tmfd to rfnfisf eicjfrous vonitknf sugsticafs, is wfnn is prfsfctkcj tmf rksl oh gurcs. Kt ks tmf rfspocskgknkty oh tmf usfr to fstignksm ipproprkitf sihfty ice mfintm priatkafs ice to fcsurf aodpnkicaf wktm icy rfjunitory rfqukrfdfcts. Umf ippiritus, kcanuekcj tmf aynkcefr, pkstoc ice ekf, sminn gf anficfe tmoroujmny ihtfr fiam eftfrdkcitkoc. Umf aynkcefr diy gf anficfe wktm anotm pitamfs. Umf pkstoc sminn gf anficfe wmknf mot wktm i aottoc anotm. Umf ekf diy gf anficfe wktm i anosfny ttkcj griss rfidfr, mkjm-spffe erknn gkt oh 7,2= dd ekidftfr, or wooefc pfj. Ryronytka anfickcj oh tmf ekf kc i cktrojfc itdospmfrf it igout 662 ²A diy inso gf usfe. Uilf airf tmit tmf anfickcj proafeurf usfe eofs cot ihhfat tmf aynkcefr ice ekf ekdfcskocs or surhiaf cksm. Igriskvfs or ditfrkins nklfny to eidijf tmf surhiaf oh tmf pkstoc, aynkcefr or ekf sminn cot gf usfe. Umf ekf gorf sminn gf amfalfe wktm i jo/co-jo jiujf ihtfr anfickcj. Zmfc anfickcj tmf aynkcefr, pkstoc ice ekfs, tilf airf tmit icy fhhfat tmf anfickcj proafss ice anfickcj ditfrkins, f.j. sonvfcts ice grusmfs, diy mivf oc tmf cfxt eftfrdkcitkoc ks cfjnkjkgnf, f.j. fcsurf tmit tmfy eo cot ipprfakigny iaafnfritf efjrieitkoc oh tmf ponydfr.
:.1
Xfrtkain Xf rtkain inkjcdfct oh tmf kcstrudfct
Fcsurf tmit tmf gorf oh tmf fqukpdfct ks propfrny inkjcfe kc tmf vfrtkain ekrfatkoc.
= =.9
Rroafeurf I0 diss-dfisurfdfct dftmoe Qfnfatkoc oh tfdpfriturf ice noie
Wfhfr to tmf ditfrkin spfakaitkoc sticeire hor tfstkcj aocektkocs. Kh co ditfrkin spfakaitkoc sticeire fxksts or wmfrf DXW or DHW tfst aocektkocs irf cot spfakfe tmfrfkc, usf ic ipproprkitf sft oh aocektkocs hrod Uignf I.9 gisfe oc lcownfejf oh tmf dfntkcj pokct oh tmf ditfrkin or proafsskcj aocektkocs rfaoddfcefe gy tmf dicuhiaturfr dicuhiaturfr..
=.7
Anfickcj
Anfic tmf ippiritus (sff :.7). Gfhorf gfjkcckcj i sfrkfs oh tfsts, fcsurf tmit tmf aynkcefr ice pkstoc mivf gffc it tmf sfnfatfe tfdpfriturf hor cot nfss tmic 96 dkc.
=.1
Qfnfatkoc oh sidpnf diss ice amirjkcj tmf aynkcefr
Amirjf tmf aynkcefr wktm 1 j to = j oh tmf sidpnf iaaorekcj to tmf ictkakpitfe DHW or DXW (sff Uignf 5). Eurkcj amirjkcj, aodprfss tmf ditfrkin wktm tmf pialkcj roe (6.7.9.9) uskcj mice prfssurf. Fcsurf tmit tmf amirjf ks is hrff hrod ikr is posskgnf. Aodpnftf tmf amirjkcj proafss kc nfss tmic 9 dkcutf. Umf prfmfit tkdf oh 6 dkc gfjkcs kddfekitfny ihtfr amirjkcj oh tmf aynkcefr mis gffc aodpnftfe. COUF 9 Xirkitkocs kc tmf pialkcj prfssurf usfe to aodprfss tmf ditfrkin kc tmf aynkcefr aic aiusf poor rfpfitigkn rfpfitigknkty kty oh rfsunts. Hor tmf icinysks oh ditfrkins oh skdknir DHW or DXW, tmf usf oh tmf sidf diss oh sidpnf kc inn tfsts rfeuafs virkigknkty kc tmf eiti. COUF 7 Hor ditfrkins susafptkgnf to oxkeitkvf oxkeitkvf efjrieitkoc tmf fhhfat oh trippfe ikr oc rfsunts aic gf pirtka pirtkaunirny unirny skjckaict.
Kddfekitfny put tmf pkstoc kc tmf aynkcefr. Umf pkstoc diy gf fktmfr ucnoiefe or prfnoiefe wktm tmf tfst wfkjmt or, hor ditfrkins wktm mkjm ow ritfs, i sdinnfr wfkjmt. Kh tmf DHW or DXW oh tmf ditfrkin ks mkjm, k.f. dorf tmic 92 j/92 dkc or 92 ad1/92 dkc, tmf noss oh sidpnf eurkcj prfmfitkcj ks ipprfakignf. Kc tmks aisf, usf ic
92
© KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
KQO 9911-907299(F)
ucnoiefe pkstoc or ocf airrykcj i sdinnfr noie eurkcj tmf prfmfitkcj pfrkoe. Kc tmf aisf oh vfry mkjm dfnt ow ritfs, i wfkjmt support smoune prfhfrigny gf usfe ice i ekf pnuj diy gf cfafssiry. Eurkcj tmf prfmfitkcj tkdf, amfal tmit tmf tfdpfriturf mis rfturcfe to tmit sfnfatfe, wktmkc tmf nkdkts spfakfe kc Uignf 7. Uo dkckdkzf tmf rksl oh gurcs hrod mot ditfrkin aodkcj out oh tmf ekf ripkeny, kt ks rfaoddfcefe tmit mfitrfskstict jnovfs gf worc eurkcj tmf rfdovin oh tmf ekf pnuj. Uignf 5 ― Jukefnkcfs hor fxpfrkdfctin piridftfrs DHW (j/92 dkc)
Qidpnf diss kc aynkcefr gaf
Fxtrueitf aut-ohh tkdf kctfrvin h
DXW (ad1/92 dkc)i
j
s
1 to 6
752
gut 2,5
1 to 6
972
gut 9
5 to 8
52
2,9
gut 2,96
2,96 2,5 9
gut 7
5 to 8
72
7
gut 6
5 to =
92
6e
5 to =
6
i
Kt ks rfaodd fcefe tmit i dfnt ow ritf smoune cot gf dfisurfe kh tmf vinuf ogtikcfe kc tmks tfst ks nfss tmic 2,9 2,9 j/92 j/92 dkc (DHW) or 2,9 ad1/92 dkc (DXW). DHWs 3922 j/92 dkc smoune ocny gf dfisurfe uskcj i sticeire ekf kh tmf tkdfr rfsonutkoc ks 2,29 s ice proafeurf G ks usfe. Intfrcitkvfny, tmf minh skzf ekf diy gf usfe wktm proafeurf I (sff 6.9.6). g
Zmfc tmf efcskty oh tmf ditfrkin ks jrfitfr jrfitfr tmic 9,2 j/ad1, kt diy gf cfafssiry to kcarfisf tmf diss oh tmf tfst sidpnf. Vsf tmf now diss vinufs hor now-efcskty ditfrkins. a
Qidpnf diss ks i skjckaict hiator kc eftfrdkckcj tmf tmf rfpfitigknkty oh tmks tfst tfst ice diy diy cffe to to gf aoctronnfe to 2,9 2,9 j to rfeuaf virkigknkty gftwffc rucs. e
Uo iamkfvf suhakfct iaauriay hor ic DHW 92 j/92 dkc, fktmfr mkjmfr prfakskoc oh dfisurfdfct oh tkdf, nocjfr aut-ohh kctfrvins or proafeurf G diy gf rfqukrfe. f Zmfc uskcj tmf minh skzf ekf i jrfitfr idouct oh ditfrkin ks rfqukrfe to aodpfcsitf hor hor tmf rfeuafe vonudf oh tmf tmf ekf. Umf ieektkocin vonudf oh ditfrkin rfqukrfe ks 2,1 ad 1. h
Umfsf tkdfs irf aocskstfct wktm tmf proeuatkoc oh ic fxtrueitf nfcjtm nfcjtm oh 92 92 dd to 72 dd (sff (sff =.5). =.5). Kc opfritkcj wktmkc tmks aocstrikct, tmf frrors aic gf skjckaict, pirtkaunirny hor mkjm DHW ditfrkins tmit mivf smort fxtrueitf aut-ohh tkdfs. I rfeuatkoc kc dfisurfdfct frrors aoune potfctkinny gf iamkfvfe gy uskcj nirjfr fxtrueitf aut-ohh tkdfs. Umf fhhfat oh kcstrudfctitkoc rfsonutkoc oc frrors ks kcstrudfct efpfcefct ice aic gf issfssfe gy pfrhordkcj ic ucafrtikcty guejft icinysks.
=.5
Dfisurfdfcts
It tmf fce oh tmf prfmfit pfrkoe, k.f. 6 dkc ihtfr aodpnftkcj tmf amirjkcj oh tmf aynkcefr, kc tmf fvfct tmit t mit tmf pkstoc wis ucnoiefe or ucefrnoiefe eurkcj tmf prfmfit pfrkoe, ippny tmf rfqukrfe noie to tmf pkstoc. Kc tmf fvfct tmit i ekf pnuj wis usfe ice tmf pkstoc wis ucnoiefe or ucefrnoiefe eurkcj tmf prfmfit pfrkoe, ippny tmf rfqukrfe noie to tmf pkstoc ice innow tmf ditfrkin to stigknkzf hor i hfw sfaoces gfhorf rfdovkcj tmf ekf pnuj. Kh i wfkjmt support ice ekf pnuj wfrf gotm usfe, rfdovf tmf wfkjmt support rst. COUF Kt ks posskgnf tmit hor sodf ditfrkins smortfr prfmfitkcj tkdfs wknn gf rfqukrfe to prfvfct efjrieitko efjrieitkoc. c. Hor mkjm dfntkcj pokct, mkjm U j, now tmfrdin aoceuatkvkty ditfrkins, i nocjfr prfmfitkcj tkdf aic gf cffefe to ogtikc rfpfitignf rfsunts.
Innow tmf pkstoc to efsafce ucefr jrivkty uctkn i guggnf-hrff nidfct ks fxtruefe< tmks t mks diy gf iamkfvfe gfhorf or ihtfr noiekcj, efpfcekcj oc tmf iatuin vksaoskty oh tmf ditfrkin. Kt ks strocjny rfaoddfcefe tmit horafe purjkcj oh tmf sidpnf, eocf fktmfr dicuinny or gy uskcj fxtri wfkjmts, gfhorf aoddfcafdfct oh tmf tfst gf ivokefe. Kh icy horafe purjkcj ks rfqukrfe (k.f. to aodpnftf tmf proafeurf wktmkc tmf spfakfe tkdf nkdkt), kt sminn gf cksmfe it nfist 7 dkc gfhorf tmf stirt oh tmf tfst. Icy horafe purjkcj sminn gf airrkfe out wktmkc i pfrkoe oh 9 dkc. Kh horafe purjkcj ks usfe,to kt sminn kc tmf to tfst rfport. Aut ohhjrivkty. tmf fxtrueitf wktm tmf auttkcj toon (6.7.7.9) ice eksaire. Aoctkcuf innowgf tmfrfportfe noiefe pkstoc efsafce ucefr Zmfc tmf nowfr rfhfrfcaf dirl oc tmf pkstoc mis rfiamfe tmf top fejf oh tmf aynkcefr, stirt tmf tkdfr (6.7.7.7) ice skdunticfousny aut ohh tmf fxtrueitf wktm tmf auttkcj toon ice eksaire. © KQO 7299 ‑ Inn rkjmts rfsfrvfe
99
KQO 9911-907299(F)
Aonnfat suaafsskvf aut-ohhs kc orefr to dfisurf tmf fxtruskoc ritf hor i jkvfc tkdf-kctfrvin. Efpfcekcj oc tmf DHW, amoosf i tkdf kctfrvin so tmit tmf nfcjtm oh i skcjnf aut-ohh ks cot nfss tmic 92 dd ice prfhfrigny gftwffc 92 dd ice 72 dd (sff aut-ohh tkdf-kctfrvins kc Uignf 5 ice kts hootcotf h is i jukef). Hor now vinufs oh DHW (ice DXW) ice/or ditfrkins wmkam fxmkgkt i rfnitkvfny mkjm efjrff oh ekf swfnn, kt diy cot gf posskgnf to tilf i aut-ohh wktm i nfcjtm oh 92 dd or dorf wktmkc tmf dixkdud pfrdkttfe aut-ohh tkdf-kctfrvin oh 752 s. Kc suam aisfs, proafeurf I diy gf usfe gut ocny kh tmf diss oh fiam aut-ohh ogtikcfe kc 752 s ks jrfitfr tmic 2,25 j. Kh cot, proafeurf G sminn gf usfe. Qtop auttkcj wmfc tmf uppfr dirl oc tmf pkstoc stfd rfiamfs tmf top fejf oh tmf aynkcefr. Eksaire inn aut-ohhs aoctikckcj vkskgnf ikr guggnfs. Ihtfr aoonkcj, wfkjm kcekvkeuinny, to tmf cfirfst 9 dj, tmf rfdikckcj aut-ohhs, prfhfrigny tmrff or dorf, ice ainaunitf tmfkr ivfrijf diss. Kh tmf ekhhfrfcaf gftwffc tmf dixkdud ice tmf dkckdud vinufs oh tmf kcekvkeuin wfkjmkcjs fxaffes 96 % oh tmf ivfrijf, eksaire tmf rfsunts ice rfpfit tmf tfst oc i hrfsm portkoc oh tmf sidpnf. Kt ks rfaoddfcefe tmit tmf aut-ohhs gf wfkjmfe kc orefr oh fxtruskoc. Kh i aoctkcuous amicjf kc diss ks ogsfrvfe, tmks sminn gf rfportfe is ucusuin gfmivkour (sff Aniusf 97). Umf tkdf gftwffc tmf fce oh amirjkcj tmf aynkcefr ice tmf fce oh tmf nist dfisurfdfct sminn cot fxaffe 76 dkc. Hor sodf ditfrkins, tmks tkdf diy cffe to gf rfeuafe to prfvfct efjrieitkoc or aross-nkclkcj oh tmf ditfrkin eurkcj tmf tfst. Kc suam aisfs, tmf usf oh KQO 9911-7 smoune gf aocskefrfe.
=.6
Fxprfsskoc oh rfsunts
=.6.9
Jfcfrin
Hor tfstkcj wktm tmf sticeire ekf, usf =.6.7. Hor tfstkcj wktm tmf minh skzf ekf, sff inso =.6.1. =.6.7
Fxprfsskoc oh rfsunts0 sticeire ekf
Umf dfnt diss-ow ritf (DHW), fxprfssfe kc jrids pfr 92 dkc, ks jkvfc gy tmf fquitkoc
DHW (U , dcod ) 4
822 Úd t
wmfrf U
dcod
822
ks tmf tfst tfdpfriturf, kc efjrffs Afnskus< ks tmf diss, kc lknojrids, fxfrtkcj fxfrtkcj tmf codkcin noie< ks tmf hiator usfe to aocv aocvfrt frt jrids jrids pfr sfaoce kcto jrids pfr 92 dkc (822 s) s)
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