Ipm Cockchafer Beetles in Oil Palm

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF COCKCHAFER BEETLES IN OIL PALM 1. How the problem is detected

1.1 This problem has been recently detected by routine inspection of Block 4 by assistant manager, newly planted oil palm seedling. did not look good from far and the canopy was not the normal healthy green colour. 1.2 On closer examination. the leaves of the seedlings were eaten by some pests. 1.3 No pest was seen at the time of inspection during day time. only the fresh damage of small holes due to recent feeding and some fresh tiny faeces were seen. 1.4 Checking was carried out at 9 pm the same night using torch light after the Asst. Mgr reported the incidence to the manager. They came to the Block 4 planting and found many small brown colour beetles feeding on the leaves. Some beetles were collected for sending to the agronomist for identification

2. Identify the problem giving the brief description of the problem, scientific name, classification , biology , etc. 2.1 NAMA BIASA (BAHASA MALAYSIA) NAMA BIASA (BAHASA INGGERIS) NAMA SAINTIFIK ORDER FAMILI

Kumbang Kaboi Hitam Black Cockchafers Beetle Apogonia spp. Coleoptera Scarabaeidae

2.2 FEATURES • Also attacking other plants such as sapodilla, rambutan, coffee and palm oil • Kaboi black beetle attack at night in large numbers and can cause serious damage, especially for a small tree • Active at night and hide during the day under a layer of dry leaves or in the soil at the base Poko attacked • The entire body has a small hole spots 2.3 BIOLOGY • Only adults are attacking the leaves. Egg and larval stages not found in the leaves • EGGS: An-one in the land • larvae: In the land and feed on organic material for 67-77 days ADULT: Can live up to 4 months in the laboratory

3. Describe the damage symptoms, assess the severity and in your opinion the economic significance.

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Damage the buds and young leaves from the outside to the inside, including the veins

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Black beetles can be found on the surface of young leaves Damage caused by species

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Kaboi greatest when compared with other Kaboi

3.3 Legume cover crops are also damaged by these cockchafer beetles. Many weeds are alternatives host plants with similar damage symptoms, irregular small holes on leaves. 3.3 In high population , very severe defoliation occurred after new seedlings were planted in the field.

4. What are the control methods used (including a brief description how these carried out taking into consideration the environmental and safety requirements) in line with IPM

IPM OF COCKCHAFER BEETLE

5. GIVE AN ESTIMATION OF COST – BENEFIT RELATIONSHIP 5.1 Crop loss =27% of FFB/ha  assuming 1st year FFB yield = 14 ton/ha and  oil extraction ratio (OER) = 15%  27% of 14 Ton/ha = 3.78 ton  3.78 ton FFB = 0.567 ton oil

5.2 Crop loss/ha at different CPO price CPO price RM/ton 3000 2000 1500 1000

X Crop loss 0.567 0.567 0.567 0.567

Crop Loss in RM/ha 1701.00 1134.00 850.50 567.00

5.3 Spraying cypermethrin 0.05% to control cockchafer beetles  Cypermethrin 5% product = RM25 / liter  Spraying 1st year palms require 200 ml/palm insecticide solution  1 ha has 145 palms and requires 145 x 200 ml = 29000 ml (29 litres)  0.05 % = 100 ml of 5 % product in 10 litres water, or 290ml in 29 litersolution  290 ml = RM 25 x 290/1000 = RM 7.25  Water transport and tractor running = Rm 1.00 / ha  labour cost = RM40/name  One worker can spray 2 ha per day, cost of spraying = RM 20 / ha  Total cost/ha/round = cemical + labour + water / tractor running = RM7.25 + 20 + 1 = 28.25 6 round of soraying to completely control the outbreak, total cost = RM28.25 x 6 = RM 169.25 5.4 Benefit = Crop Loss (prevented) – cost of control At current CPO prices of RM 1500/ ton, benefit = RM 850.50 – RM 169.25 = RM 681.25 By effectively controlling cockchafer beetles, a benefit of RM 681.25 per ha was obtained.

THANK YOU BY: SANTIRA MOGAN