IPERC - VACIADO DE CONCRETO. Rev02
August 1, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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LHDIXLELANALÑI HD ZDCLG_KQ \ NQZDAXKQ, DUNCTNALÑI \ AKIX_KC HD _LDQGKQ D L@ZNAXKQ N@OLDIXNCDQ UNALNHK HD AKIA_DXK
I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
IK@O_DQ \ NZDCCLHKQ
AN_GK
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Dcl`linalñi
M-OKKX->:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
?:/:5/?:?:
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
EDAFN HD DCNOK_NALÑI 2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
Natlvlhnh
EL_@N
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
Xnrdn
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
Zudstk(s)hd trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
Akihuatkrds
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
@kvlclznalñihdpdrskinc, Afkquds,akclslkids, dqulpks yfdrrn`lditns vkcanhurns,ntrkpdccks.
_nhlnalñiTctrnvlkcdtn
Ngditds olkcñglaks AKULH-><
Dxpkslalñin rnhlnalñi uctrnvlkcdtn
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Q/QK/@N
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
Dcl `linalñi
Qustl tual ñi
L igd il dràn
AQQ-QQ-::?-E-::1
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>?
Zcni hd entlgn y sk`ikcdialn.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Tskhd ockqudhnhkrskcnr EZQ 4:anhn?fkrns. Tskhd akrtnvlditk. Tskhd cditds hd sdgurlhnh ksaurks aki prktdaalñihd 8::TU. Zuitks hdflhrntnalñidi dcîrdnhdtrnonbk.
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>?
ZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdialns nitdAkvlh><
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Nostdialñihdligrdsk ncprkydatk ncpdrskinc lhditlelanhkak`kvucidrnocd. Hlclgdialn`lditkhd cnhdacnrnalñi burnhnprdvlknc ligrdsknc prkydatk. Ccdinhkhdelafn hdlivdstlgnalñidplhd`lkcñglan@LIQN(nnpclanr ncks ansks Tskhd `nsanrlccns pksltlvks). ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Tskhd `nsanrlccns _dspdtnrhlstnialn`lditkhdcpdrs kinc,`lil`k>.4 `dtrks. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Dcnokrnalñiyhleuslñi hdListruatlvk2^ud fnadrerditd nediñ`diks inturncds nhvdrsks.
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>5
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdi n nitdD`drgdialns._dpkrtdhdcsuadsknc Aclditd(NN^QN).
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HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns. HleuslñihdZcni hdXkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ncdrtnn`nrlccn(Znrnclznalñitkhns cns natlvlhnhds aràtlans). NcdrtnInrnibn(Quspdislñihd natlvlhnhds yan`likn rdeuglks). Ncdrtn_kbn(Xkhk dcpdrskinc dirdeuglk). Udfàaucks`nitdidrpudrtns yvditnins adrrnhns hurnitdcnncdrtn rkbn. @nitdidrsdncdbnhkhda uncquldrdstruaturn`dtîclan kafnrak hdngun. Dincdrtn rkbnnpngnr tkhkdqulpkdcdatrñilak. DstîihnrFQD ?.85,Xkr`ditns Dcìatrlans.
Tskkoclgntkrlkhd Zrktdatkrhd anodzn, Cditds,_kpn_decdatlvn, Rnpntks hdQdgurlhnh hldcìatrlanaki puitn rdekrznhn ygunitds.
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Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
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Zntkckgànhdr`ntkcñglan ykaucnr
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>6
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Dcnokrnalñiy hleuslñihdListruatlvk2Zrdvdialñi nitd_nhlnalñiTU. Anpnaltnalñidiprktdaalñi hdcn pldc.
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Dxî`dids `ìhlaks hdligrdsk (prudonAKULH->.4 `. Akitrkchdtd`pdrnturn prdvlknc trnscnhkn cks erditds hdtrnonbk. Hdsliedaalñihd Udfàaucks. Tskhd `nsanrlccns Dvltnrrduilkids akingck`drnalkids hdcpdrskinc. ikr`nhns I1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd `niledstnalñi puoclan,tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctk.
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Akitnatkaki hdsanrgn dcìatrlan
Qfkamdcìatrlak, pnrk anrhlk-rdsplrntkrlk, qud`nhurns ,`udrtd.
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Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans
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TskhdHdtdatkrhd k rhd tkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ak`uilanalñirnhlnchdc Aditrkhd Akitrkc Akitnraki rdeuglks di anskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans (vdfàaucks) Hdtdatkrhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans pkrtîtlc
@N
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>6
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Listncnalñihddstnalñi hdnakplkhd_Q.
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Npclanalñihdcns 8_s. Qdgrdgnalñihdr dslhuks.Hlspkslalñia kiDK-_Q Nutkrlznhk.
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Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks pkrakisu`k dxadslvk hdngun
@N
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>6
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Anr tlccn hd us k hd ngun r na lkinc hd ngun. Akitr kc hd a kis u`k hd ngun.
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>6
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks ikrdikvnocds pkr Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks akisu`khd inturncds ak`oustlocds didc prkadskakistruatlvk / prkhuatlvk
@N
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>6
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Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.
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Gdidrnalñiyhlspkslalñi Nctdrnalñihdcn anclhnh Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc sudckpkr liau`pcl`lditk hd_dslhuks Ik hdcsudck hdDANQ Zdclgrksks
Akisu`khd ak`oustlocd
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Xrnscnhkhd @ntdrlncdsyDqulpks (@ntdrlncds,fdrrn`lditns)
A ki hu a kt rd rd s
_dspkisnocd (^uldi)
Tskkoclgntkrlkhd Zrktdatkrhd anodzn, Cditds,_kpn_decdatlvn, Rnpntks hdQdgurlhnh hldcìatrlanaki puitn rdekrznhn ygunitds.
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Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, Qupdrelalds Dxpkslalñin supdrelalds pnhdal`lditkhd akitn`linhns pkrdc akitn`linhns akiAkvlh sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >< >< pkslocd`udrtd.
_ ut li nr lk
Naalñi hd @dbkrn (^ud)
A
Zrdsdialnhd pdrskinc akisàitk`ns hdAKULH ><
Akisu`khd Ngun
Ilvdc _ldsgk _dslhunc
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Q
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks inturncds
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Zcni hd Naalñi hd @dbkrn
Zrkonolclhnh
Q
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh ><
4
5
Akisdaudialn
Qdpn rn alñi
Hdsnrrkcckhd aursk2`nidbk hdedislvk.Afdamclst hdvdfàauck.Adrtlelanhkhd kpdrntlvlhnhhdcvdfàauck. Akistnialnhd rdvlslñitìailanvlgditd. Zrkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk prdvditlvk.Akihuatkrhdod akitnraki cncladialnlitdrin hdN^^QN.Udfàauck nutkrlznhk.Dcnokrnalñi yhleuslñihd anrtlccn2sdgurlhnhvlnc.Tsk hd aliturkids hdsdgurlhnh.Qdþncds nuhlocds yvlsuncds._dspdtnr cn sdþnclznalñihdtrnisltk. Hdsnrrkcckhd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks.
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_utlinrlk
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
:>
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_ D@Z_DQN2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
Edafn (Aunihk)
LHDIXLELANALÑI HD ZDCLG_KQ \ NQZDAXKQ, DUNCTNALÑI \ AKIX_KC HD _LDQGKQ D L@ZNAXKQ N@OLDIXNCDQ UNALNHK HD AKIA_DXK
D@Z_DQN2
IK@O_DQ \ NZDCCLHKQ
AN_GK
>
Dcl`linalñi
M-OKKX->:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
?:/:5/?:?:
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
EDAFN HD DCNOK_NALÑI 2
EL_@N
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
Xnrdn
Natlvlhnh
Zudstk(s)hd trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
_ ut li nr lk
A ki hu a kt rd rd s
_ ut li nr lk
A ki hu a kt rd rd s
_ ut li nr lk
A ki hu a kt rd rd s
Akihuatkrds
_utlinrlk
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Q/QK/@N
:>
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_
I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
Dcl `linalñi
Qustl tual ñi
L igd il dràn
Qdpn rn alñi
4
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
5
Dqulpk hd Zrktdaalñi Zdrskinc(DZZ)
Naalñi hd @dbkrn (^ud)
_dspkisnocd (^uldi)
Zcni hd Naalñi hd @dbkrn
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk _dslhunc DZZ
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk _dslhunc
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Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd D`lslñihd Gnsds hd Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd nlrdpkr liau`pcl`lditk ak`oustlñi nlrd DANs
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>6
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Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhk vdflauck/dqulpkdi anskhd ikusnrsd.
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudckpkr liau`pcl`lditkhdDANs
@N
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>6
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Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.Akitnraki@QHQ hdak`oustllocd ocd.Akitnrakimltnitd hdrrn`ds kpdrntlvkya k`pcdtk.Akitnraki onihdbnhda kitdislñi.
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Gdidrnalñiyhlspkslalñi Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc sudckpkr liau`pcl`lditk hd_dslhuks Zdclgrksks sudck hdDANQ
@N
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>6
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Akitnraki zkinhd nakplktd`pkrnchd _Q-Zdclgrksks hdolhn`ditd l`pdr`dnolclznhn(onihdbnhda kitdislñi).Hlspkslalñihd _Q-Zdclgrksks n trnvds hduinDK-_Q Zdclgrksks.
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Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd D`lslñ ñihdpkcvky/k ihdpkcvky/k Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd nlrdpkr liau`pcl`lditk pnrtàaucns nlrd hdDANs
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>6
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Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.Tskhdnaadsknutkrlzznhks nhks nakrhdncpcnihdnaadsks. Dizkins hkihdcntrnisltnolclhnhhdvdflaucks/dqulpks sdnpuituncs d rdhualrîcn vdckalhnhn?: m`/f.Fu`dhdal`lditkhdsupdrelalds dxpudstns.
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Gkcpds,akitualkids, fdrlhns.
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>6
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_dnclznrdc afdamclst hdnaadsks pdntkincds. _dnclznrcn fnolcltnalñiy`nitdil`lditkhd cks naadsks pdntkincds y pcntnekr`ns hdtrnonbk. Xrnisltnrpkr îrdns nutkrlznhns. Krhdiycl`pldzndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcn d zndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcnokrnalñ ñiyhleuslñ iyhleuslñihdZDXQ. Afnrcnhd sdgurlhnhprdtnrdn.
Rnpntks hdsdgurlhnh aki sudcnnitlhdsclznitd. Gunitds.Ansak hd sdgurlhnh.Onrolqudbk.
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Xrnu`ntls`k, akituslkids,`udrtd
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>6
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ZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdialns nitdAkvlh><
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Nostdialñihdligrdsk ncprkydatk ncpdrskinc lhditlelanhkak`kvucidrnocd. Hlclgdialn`lditkhd cnhdacnrnalñi burnhnprdvlknc ligrdsknc prkydatk. Ccdinhkhdelafn hdlivdstlgnalñidplhd`lkcñglan@LIQN(nnpclanr ncks ansks Tskhd `nsanrlccns pksltlvks). ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Tskhd `nsanrlccns _dspdtnrhlstnialn`lditkhdcpdrs kinc,`lil`k>.4 `dtrks. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
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Zktdialnchdrrn`d Flhrkanrourks
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudck
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Qupdrelaldrdsoncnhlznk lrrdgucnr Kostîaucks didc plsk
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Gkcpdnhkpkr @nilpucnalñihd fdrrn`lditns,`ntdrlncds fdrrn`lditns,`ntdrlncds ukobdtks `nilpucnhks ukobdtks
Anàhnhdpdrskincnc `ls`kilvdc
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Afdamclst hdfdrrn`lditns `niuncds.Akckanalñihd alitnhd akckrhdc `ds pnrnlispdaalñi hdfdrrn`lditns. LispdaalñihdDZZs. Hdsnrrkcckhd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks. Gunitds hdonhnin. Ikdstn pdr`ltlhkdcusk hdfdrrn`lditns fdaflzns. Ttlclznrcnfdrrn`lditn nhdaunhnpnrn natlvlhnh
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_utlinrlk
Xr c r c ,
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Zkcvk(`ntdrlnc pnrtlaucnhk)
Ngditds olkcñglaks AKULH-><
Lifncnalñihd pkcvk(`ntdrlnc pnrtlaucnhk)
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Xrnstkriks `òsauck dsqudcìtlaks.
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>6
Idu`kakilksls, lrrltnalñi, litkxlanalñiy prkocd`ns ncìrglaks.
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>6
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh ><
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >< >< pkslocd`udrtd.
Zksturns liak`khns k
Drgkiñ`lakpkr pksturn
Xrnstkriks `òsauck
ekrznhns
linhdaunhn
dsqudcìtlaks.
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6
Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
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6
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>6
Tskhdtdr`ñ`dtrkhlgltnc liernrrkbkpnrnakitrkchd td`pdrturn
Nlscn`lditk hdc pdrskincliedatnhk
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Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
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Dcnokrnalñiyhleuslñi hdAnrtlccn2Drgkik`àn.Hdsnrrkcck hdpnusns natlvns. Dstnocdadralacks hdtrnonbk.Ikcdvnitnr anrgns supdrlkrds n?4Mg/pdrskinil `nykrds n:.5: `thd cnrgk._dnclznalñihd pnusns natlvns.Hdsnrrkcck hd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks.
Natlvlhnhdbdautnhnncnlrd clord.Hdcl`ltnry sdþnclznrdc îrdnhd trnonbk. Hdsnrrkcckhd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks.
Tskhdrdsplrnhkrhd`dhln anrnaki elctrks pnrndc akitrkc hd`ntdrlnc pnrtlaucnhk (Z>::). Tskhd `nsanrrlccn hdsanrtnocd.
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Dxî`dids `ìhlaks hdligrdsk (prudonAKULH->.4 `. Akitrkchdtd`pdrnturn prdvlknc trnscnhkn cks erditds hdtrnonbk. Hdsliedaalñihd Udfàaucks. Tskhd `nsanrlccns Dvltnrrduilkids akingck`drnalkids hdcpdrskinc. ikr`nhns I:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
?:/:5/?:?:
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
EDAFN HD DCNOK_NALÑI 2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
Natlvlhnh
Xnrdn
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
Xr c r c ,
Zudstk(s)hd trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Q/QK/@N
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
Dcl `linalñi
Qustl tual ñi
L igd il dràn
Qdpn rn alñi
4
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
5
Dqulpk hd Zrktdaalñi Zdrskinc(DZZ)
Naalñi hd @dbkrn (^ud)
_dspkisnocd (^uldi)
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcni hd Naalñi hd @dbkrn
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk _dslhunc DZZ
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk _dslhunc
Tskhd ockqudhnhkrskcnr EZQ 4:anhn?fkrns. Tskhd akrtnvlditk. Tskhd cditds hd sdgurlhnh ksaurks aki prktdaalñihd 8::TU. Zuitks hdflhrntnalñidi dcîrdnhdtrnonbk.
8
H
?>
Dcnokrnalñiyhleuslñi hdListruatlvk2^ud fnadrerditd nediñ`diks inturncds nhvdrsks.
?
D
>5
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_nhlnalñiTctrnvlkcdtn
Dxpkslalñin rnhlnalñi uctrnvlkcdtn
Zntkckgànhdr`ntkcñglan ykaucnr
Q
8
A
>6
-
-
-
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Hdsnstrds inturncds (Qls`ks,funyaks, liiuihnalkids)
Naalhditd
Xrnu`ntls`k, akituslkids,`udrtd.
Q
?
H
>?
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd prdsditnrsdui ediñ`dikinturnc nhvdrsk.
-
-
-
-
-
HleuslñihdZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdi n nitdD`drgdialns._dpkrtdhdcsuadsknc Aclditd(NN^QN).
-
1
H
>7
-
AnpnaltnalñidiZrktdaalñi nuhltlvn Qdþnclznalñiyhdcl`ltnalñihd îrdn.
Tskhd tnpkids nuhltllvks vks y/kkrdbdrns.
1
H
>7
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZcni hdXkr`ditns hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns. HleuslñihdZcni dcìatrlans. Ncdrtnn`nrlccn(Znrnclznalñitkhns cns natlvlhnhds aràtlans). NcdrtnInrnibn(Quspdislñihd natlvlhnhds yan`likn rdeuglks). Ncdrtn_kbn(Xkhk dcpdrskinc dirdeuglk). Udfàaucks`nitdidrpudrtns yvditnins adrrnhns hurnitdcnncdrtn rkbn. @nitdidrsdncdbnhkhda uncquldrdstruaturn`dtîclan kafnrak hdngun. Dincdrtn rkbnnpngnr tkhkdqulpkdcdatrñilak. DstîihnrFQD ?.85,Xkr`ditns Dcìatrlans.
Tskkoclgntkrlkhd Zrktdatkrhd anodzn, Cditds,_kpn_decdatlvn, Rnpntks hdQdgurlhnh hldcìatrlanaki puitn rdekrznhn ygunitds.
?
H
>?
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns.
T skhd rkpnhdtrnonbk l`pdr`dnocd.Akitnraki akrtnvlditkl`pdr`dnocd.
8
A
>6
Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.Akitnraki@QHQ hdak`oustllocd ocd.Akitnrakimltnitd hdrrn`ds kpdrntlvkya k`pcdtk.Akitnraki onihdbnhda kitdislñi.
-
8
H
?>
-
8
H
?>
@dzacnhkhdakiardtkakiXrk`pk
-
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@niledstnalñipòoclan tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctky rkok
Gkcpdnhkkngrdhlhk
Akituslkids,cdslkids, `udrtd.
Q
1
A
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd `niledstnalñi puoclan,tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctk.
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd trk`pk
_ ulh k
D xp ks al ñl in in ru ru hl k
Zìrhlhnnuhltlvnlihualhn pkrrulhk
Q
1
A
>1
-
-
-
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Xkr`ditns dcìatrlans
Akitnatkaki hdsanrgn dcìatrlan
Qfkamdcìatrlak, pnrk anrhlk-rdsplrntkrlk, qud`nhurns ,`udrtd.
Q
?
A
6
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans
-
TskhdHdtdat krhd k rhd tkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ak`uilanalñirnhlnchdc Aditrkhd Akitrkc Akitnraki rdeuglks di anskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans (vdfàaucks) Hdtdatkrhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans pkrtîtlc
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Flpktdr`ln,gkcpds, akituslkids,`udrtd
Q
1
A
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f), grnilznhns,ccuvlns tkrrdialncds.
-
Nid`ñ`dtrkadrtlelanhk yanclornhk. L`pcd`ditnalñihd rdeuglksdiansk diansk hdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f),grnilznhns, ccuvlnstkrrdialncds. (vdflaucks)
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd trk`pk
Zktdialnchdrrn`d Flhrkanrourks
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudck
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudckpkr liau`pcl`lditkhdDANs
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Kpdrnhkrhd trk`pk
Akisu`khd ak`oustlocd
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks inturncds
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks ikrdikvnocds pkr akisu`khd ak`oustlocds didc prkadskakistruatlvk / prkhuatlvk
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
ny Akihlalkids acl`îtlans Dxpkslalñincnccuvlny idoclins,anàhns pkronbn nhvdrsns (vlditks vlslolclhnh eudrtds,ccuvlns,idoclins)
r c rr
_utlinrlk
Dcnokrnalñiy hleuslñihdListruatlvk2Zrdvdialñi nitd_nhlnalñiTU. Anpnaltnalñidiprktdaalñi hdcn pldc.
Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd trk`pk
Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd D`lslñihd Gnsds hd Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd nlrdpkr liau`pcl`lditk ak`oustlñi nlrd DANs
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhk vdflauck/dqulpkdi anskhd ikusnrsd.
-
8
H
?>
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd trk`pk
Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc Gdidrnalñiyhlspkslalñi Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc sudckpkr liau`pcl`lditk hd_dslhuks Zdclgrksks sudck hdDANQ
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Akitnraki zkinhd nakplktd`pkrnchd _Q-Zdclgrksks hdolhn`ditd l`pdr`dnolclznhn(onihdbnhda kitdislñi).Hlspkslalñihd _Q-Zdclgrksks n trnvds hduinDK-_Q Zdclgrksks.
-
8
H
?>
Kpdrnhkrhd trk`pk
Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd D`lslñ ñihdpkcvky/k ihdpkcvky/k Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd nlrdpkr liau`pcl`lditk pnrtàaucns nlrd hdDANs
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.Tskhdnaadsknutkrlzznhks nhks nakrhdncpcnihdnaadsks. Dizkins hkihdcntrnisltnolclhnhhdvdflaucks/dqulpks sdnpuituncs d rdhualrîcn vdckalhnhn?: m`/f.Fu`dhdal`lditkhdsupdrelalds dxpudstns.
-
8
H
?>
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks pkrakisu`k dxadslvk hdngun
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Anr tlccn hd us k hd ngun r na lkinc hd ngun. Akitr kc hd a kis u`k hd ngun.
-
8
A
>6
_utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
AQQ-QQ-::?-E-::1
EL_@N
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
:>
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_ D@Z_DQN2 I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Akisu`khd Ngun
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks inturncds
Edafn (Aunihk)
LHDIXLELANALÑI HD ZDCLG_KQ \ NQZDAXKQ, DUNCTNALÑI \ AKIX_KC HD _LDQGKQ D L@ZNAXKQ N@OLDIXNCDQ UNALNHK HD AKIA_DXK
IK@O_DQ \ NZDCCLHKQ
AN_GK
>
Dcl`linalñi
M-OKKX->:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
?:/:5/?:?:
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
EDAFN HD DCNOK_NALÑI 2
EL_@N
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
Natlvlhnh
Xnrdn
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
Zudstk(s)hd trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
Qupdrelaldrdsoncnhlznk lrrdgucnr Kostîaucks didc plsk
Ngditds olkcñglaks AKULH-><
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
Anàhnhdpdrskincnc `ls`kilvdc
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Gkcpds,akitualkids, fdrlhns.
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_ D@Z_DQN2 I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
Zrkonolclhnh
A
A
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
>6
6
Dcl `linalñi
-
Hlstnialn`lditkhd pdrskinc
Qustl tual ñi
-
-
L igd il dràn
-
Qdpn rn alñi
-
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
Dqulpk hd Zrktdaalñi Zdrskinc(DZZ)
Naalñi hd @dbkrn (^ud)
_dspkisnocd (^uldi)
Zcni hd Naalñi hd @dbkrn
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk _dslhunc DZZ
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk _dslhunc
Rnpntks hdsdgurlhnh aki sudcnnitlhdsclznitd. Gunitds.Ansak hd sdgurlhnh.Onrolqudbk.
8
H
?>
?
H
>?
ZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdialns nitdAkvlh><
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
?
H
>?
ZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdialns nitdAkvlh><
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Tskhd `nsanrlccns _dspdtnrhlstnialn`lditkhdcpdrs kinc,`lil`k>.4 `dtrks. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Tskhd ockqudhnhkrskcnr EZQ 4:anhn?fkrns. Tskhd akrtnvlditk. Tskhd cditds hd sdgurlhnh ksaurks aki prktdaalñihd 8::TU. Zuitks hdflhrntnalñidi dcîrdnhdtrnonbk.
8
H
?>
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
?
D
>5
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
_dnclznrdc afdamclst hdnaadsks pdntkincds. _dnclznrcn fnolcltnalñiy`nitdil`lditkhd cks naadsks pdntkincds y pcntnekr`ns hdtrnonbk. Xrnisltnrpkr îrdns nutkrlznhns. Krhdiycl`pldzndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcn d zndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcnokrnalñ ñiyhleuslñ iyhleuslñihdZDXQ. Afnrcnhd sdgurlhnhprdtnrdn.
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Dxî`dids `ìhlaks hdligrdsk (prudonAKULH->.4 `. Akitrkchdtd`pdrnturn prdvlknc trnscnhkn cks erditds hdtrnonbk. Hdsliedaalñihd Udfàaucks. Tskhd `nsanrlccns Dvltnrrduilkids akingck`drnalkids hdcpdrskinc. ikr`nhns I<
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, Qupdrelalds Dxpkslalñin supdrelalds pnhdal`lditkhd akitn`linhns pkrdc akitn`linhns akiAkvlh sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >< >< pkslocd`udrtd.
Q
?
A
6
-
-
Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_nhlnalñiTctrnvlkcdtn
Dxpkslalñin rnhlnalñi uctrnvlkcdtn
Zntkckgànhdr`ntkcñglan ykaucnr
Q
8
A
>6
-
-
-
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Hdsnstrds inturncds (Qls`ks,funyaks, liiuihnalkids)
Naalhditd
Xrnu`ntls`k, akituslkids,`udrtd.
Q
?
H
>?
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd prdsditnrsdui ediñ`dikinturnc nhvdrsk.
-
-
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Xkr`ditns dcìatrlans
Akitnatkaki hdsanrgn dcìatrlan
Qfkamdcìatrlak, pnrk anrhlk-rdsplrntkrlk, qud`nhurns ,`udrtd.
Q
?
A
6
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans
-
TskhdHdtdatkrhd k rhd tkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ak`uilanalñirnhlnchdc Aditrkhd Akitrkc Akitnraki rdeuglks di anskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans (vdfàaucks) Hdtdatkrhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans pkrtîtlc
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@niledstnalñipòoclan tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctky rkok
Gkcpdnhkkngrdhlhk
Akituslkids,cdslkids, `udrtd.
Q
1
A
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd `niledstnalñi puoclan,tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctk.
-
-
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_ ulh k
D xp ks al ñl in in ru ru hl k
Zìrhlhnnuhltlvnlihualhn pkrrulhk
Q
1
A
>1
-
-
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc Gdidrnalñiyhlspkslalñi Nctdrnalñihdcn anclhnh sudckpkr liau`pcl`lditk hd_dslhuks Ik hdcsudck hdDANQ Zdclgrksks
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
A ki hu a kt rd rd s
Gdidrnalñiyhlspkslalñi Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc sudckpkr liau`pcl`lditk hd_dslhuks Zdclgrksks sudck hdDANQ
_utlinrlk
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Q
?
A
6
Tskhdtdr`ñ`dtrkhlgltnc liernrrkpnrnakitrkchd td`pdrturn
Nlscn`lditk hdc pdrskincliedatnhk
-
Unadnhkhd akiardtkaki tuodràn
Xr c r c ,
Dcnokrnalñiy hleuslñihdListruatlvk2Zrdvdialñi nitd_nhlnalñiTU. Anpnaltnalñidiprktdaalñi hdcn pldc.
r c rr
UNALNHKHD AKIA_DXK
_ ut li nr lk
AQQ-QQ-::?-E-::1
-
Hlclgdialn`lditkhd cnhdacnrnalñi burnhnprdvlknc ligrdsknc prkydatk. Ccdinhkhdelafn hdlivdstlgnalñidplhd`lkcñglan@LIQN(nnpclanr ncks ansks Tskhd `nsanrlccns pksltlvks). Xkhkansk skspdafkskhd AKULH->7
-
-
AnpnaltnalñidiZrktdaalñi nuhltlvn Qdþnclznalñiyhdcl`ltnalñihd îrdn.
Tskhd tnpkids nuhltllvks vks y/kkrdbdrns.
1
H
>7
Listncnalñihddstnalñi hdnakplk td`pkrnchd rdslhuks sñclhks.
-
Npclanalñihdcns 8_s. Qdgrdgnalñihdr dslhuks.Hlspkslalñia kiDK-_Q Nutkrlznhk.
-
8
H
?>
-
Akitnraki zkinhd nakplktd`pkrnchd _Q-Zdclgrksks hdolhn`ditd l`pdr`dnolclznhn(onihdbnhda kitdislñi).Hlspkslalñihd _Q-Zdclgrksks n trnvds hduinDK-_Q Zdclgrksks.
-
8
H
?>
-
Edafn (Aunihk)
LHDIXLELANALÑI HD ZDCLG_KQ \ NQZDAXKQ, DUNCTNALÑI \ AKIX_KC HD _LDQGKQ D L@ZNAXKQ N@OLDIXNCDQ UNALNHK HD AKIA_DXK
X
IK@O_DQ \ NZDCCLHKQ
AN_GK
>
Dcl`linalñi
M-OKKX->:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
?:/:5/?:?:
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
EDAFN HD DCNOK_NALÑI 2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
Natlvlhnh
Xnrdn
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
r c ,
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks inturncds
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Qupdrelaldrdsoncnhlznk lrrdgucnr Kostîaucks didc plsk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
Akisu`khd Ngun
Ngditds olkcñglaks AKULH-><
Anàhnhdpdrskincnc `ls`kilvdc
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Q/QK/@N
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
Dcl `linalñi
Qustl tual ñi
L igd il dràn
Qdpn rn alñi
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
Dqulpk hd Zrktdaalñi Zdrskinc(DZZ)
Naalñi hd @dbkrn (^ud)
_dspkisnocd (^uldi)
Zcni hd Naalñi hd @dbkrn
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk _dslhunc DZZ
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk _dslhunc
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Anr tlccn hd us k hd ngun r na lkinc hd ngun. Akitr kc hd a kis u`k hd ngun.
-
8
A
>6
Gkcpds,akitualkids, fdrlhns.
Q
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
_dnclznrdc afdamclst hdnaadsks pdntkincds. _dnclznrcn fnolcltnalñiy`nitdil`lditkhd cks naadsks pdntkincds y pcntnekr`ns hdtrnonbk. Xrnisltnrpkr îrdns nutkrlznhns. Krhdiycl`pldzndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcn d zndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcnokrnalñ ñiyhleuslñ iyhleuslñihdZDXQ. Afnrcnhd sdgurlhnhprdtnrdn.
Rnpntks hdsdgurlhnh aki sudcnnitlhdsclznitd. Gunitds.Ansak hd sdgurlhnh.Onrolqudbk.
8
H
?>
Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Dxî`dids `ìhlaks hdligrdsk (prudonAKULH->.4 `. Akitrkchdtd`pdrnturn prdvlknc trnscnhkn cks erditds hdtrnonbk. Tskhd `nsanrlccns Hdsliedaalñihd Udfàaucks. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Tskhdtdr`ñ`dtrkhlgltnc liernrrkbkpnrnakitrkchd td`pdrturn
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Nostdialñihdligrdsk ncprkydatk ncpdrskinc lhditlelanhkak`kvucidrnocd. Hlclgdialn`lditkhd cnhdacnrnalñi burnhnprdvlknc ligrdsknc prkydatk. Ccdinhkhdelafn hdlivdstlgnalñidplhd`lkcñglan@LIQN(nnpclanr ncks ansks Tskhd `nsanrlccns pksltlvks). ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. _dspdtnrhlstnialn`lditkhdcpdrs kinc,`lil`k>.4 `dtrks. Tskhd `nsanrlccns Cl`pldzny hdsliedaalñihda n`pn`ditks. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh ><
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh ><
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, Dxpkslalñin supdrelalds Qupdrelalds pnhdal`lditkhd akitn`linhns pkrdc akitn`linhns akiAkvlh sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >< AkrkinvlrusAKULH->< pkslocd`udrtd.
Q
?
A
6
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Zksturns liak`khns k ekrznhns
Drgkiñ`lakpkr pksturn linhdaunhn
Xrnstkriks `òsauck dsqudcìtlaks.
Q
8
A
>6
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_nhlnalñiTctrnvlkcdtn
Dxpkslalñin rnhlnalñi uctrnvlkcdtn
Zntkckgànhdr`ntkcñglan ykaucnr
Q
8
A
>6
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Hdsnstrds inturncds (Qls`ks,funyaks, liiuihnalkids)
Naalhditd
Xrnu`ntls`k, akituslkids,`udrtd.
Q
?
H
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@niledstnalñipòoclan tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctky rkok
Gkcpdnhkkngrdhlhk
Akituslkids,cdslkids, `udrtd.
Q
1
A
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Xkr`ditns dcìatrlans
Akitnatkaki hdsanrgn dcìatrlan
Qfkamdcìatrlak, pnrk anrhlk-rdsplrntkrlk, qud`nhurns ,`udrtd.
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Akihlalkids acl`îtlans Dxpkslalñincnccuvlny ny nhvdrsns (vlditks idoclins,anàhns pkronbn eudrtds,ccuvlns,idoclins) vlslolclhnh
4
5
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks pkrakisu`k dxadslvk hdngun
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
r c rr
Unadnhkakiakiardtkprd`dzacnhk( @lxdr)
trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_utlinrlk
Xr c
Zudstk(s)hd
_utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
AQQ-QQ-::?-E-::1
EL_@N
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
:>
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_ D@Z_DQN2 I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
Flpktdr`ln,gkcpds, akituslkids,`udrtd
Q
?
A
6
Hlstnialn`lditkhd pdrskinc
-
Nlscn`lditk hdc pdrskincliedatnhk
-
-
Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
-
-
-
Alacks hdtrnonbk.Zrkgrn`n hdZnusns natlvns. Hdsnrrkcckhd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks.
-
8
H
?>
-
-
-
-
Dcnokrnalñiy hleuslñihdListruatlvk2Zrdvdialñi nitd_nhlnalñiTU. Anpnaltnalñidiprktdaalñi hdcn pldc.
Tskhd ockqudhnhkrskcnr EZQ 4:anhn?fkrns. Tskhd akrtnvlditk. Tskhd cditds hd sdgurlhnh ksaurks aki prktdaalñihd 8::TU. Zuitks hdflhrntnalñidi dcîrdnhdtrnonbk.
8
H
?>
>?
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd prdsditnrsdui ediñ`dikinturnc nhvdrsk.
-
-
Dcnokrnalñiyhleuslñi hdListruatlvk2^ud fnadrerditd nediñ`diks inturncds nhvdrsks.
?
D
>5
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd `niledstnalñi puoclan,tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctk.
-
-
HleuslñihdZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdi n nitdD`drgdialns._dpkrtdhdcsuadsknc Aclditd(NN^QN).
-
1
H
>7
-
TskhdHdtdatkrhd k rhd tkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ak`uilanalñirnhlnchdc Aditrkhd Akitrkc Akitnraki rdeuglks di anskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans (vdfàaucks) Hdtdatkrhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans pkrtîtlc
HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns. HleuslñihdZcni hdXkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ncdrtnn`nrlccn(Znrnclznalñitkhns cns natlvlhnhds aràtlans). NcdrtnInrnibn(Quspdislñihd natlvlhnhds yan`likn rdeuglks). Ncdrtn_kbn(Xkhk dcpdrskinc dirdeuglk). Udfàaucks`nitdidrpudrtns yvditnins adrrnhns hurnitdcnncdrtn rkbn. @nitdidrsdncdbnhkhda uncquldrdstruaturn`dtîclan kafnrak hdngun. Dincdrtn rkbnnpngnr tkhkdqulpkdcdatrñilak. DstîihnrFQD ?.85,Xkr`ditns Dcìatrlans.
Tskkoclgntkrlkhd Zrktdatkrhd anodzn, Cditds,_kpn_decdatlvn, Rnpntks hdQdgurlhnh hldcìatrlanaki puitn rdekrznhn ygunitds.
?
H
>?
-
HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns.
T skhd rkpnhdtrnonbk l`pdr`dnocd.Akitnraki akrtnvlditkl`pdr`dnocd.
8
A
>6
-
Q
?
A
6
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans
Q
1
A
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f), grnilznhns,ccuvlns tkrrdialncds.
Nid`ñ`dtrkadrtlelanhk yanclornhk. L`pcd`ditnalñihd rdeuglksdiansk diansk hdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f),grnilznhns, ccuvlnstkrrdialncds. (vdflaucks)
-
Edafn (Aunihk)
LHDIXLELANALÑI HD ZDCLG_KQ \ NQZDAXKQ, DUNCTNALÑI \ AKIX_KC HD _LDQGKQ D L@ZNAXKQ N@OLDIXNCDQ UNALNHK HD AKIA_DXK
IK@O_DQ \ NZDCCLHKQ
AN_GK
>
Dcl`linalñi
M-OKKX->:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
?:/:5/?:?:
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
EDAFN HD DCNOK_NALÑI 2
EL_@N
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
Natlvlhnh
Xnrdn
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Q/QK/@N
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
Dcl `linalñi
Qustl tual ñi
L igd il dràn
Qdpn rn alñi
_dspkisnocd (^uldi)
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk _dslhunc
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks inturncds
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks pkrakisu`k dxadslvk hdngun
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Anr tlccn hd us k hd ngun r na lkinc hd ngun. Akitr kc hd a kis u`k hd ngun.
-
8
A
>6
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd @lxdr
Akisu`khd ak`oustlocd
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks inturncds
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks ikrdikvnocds pkr akisu`khd ak`oustlocds didc prkadskakistruatlvk / prkhuatlvk
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.
-
8
H
?>
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd @lxdr
Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd D`lslñihd Gnsds hd Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhd nlrdpkr liau`pcl`lditk ak`oustlñi nlrd DANs
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhk vdflauck/dqulpkdi anskhd ikusnrsd.
-
8
H
?>
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd @lxdr
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudckpkr liau`pcl`lditkhdDANs
@N
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.Akitnraki@QHQ hdak`oustllocd ocd.Akitnrakimltnitd hdrrn`ds kpdrntlvkya k`pcdtk.Akitnraki onihdbnhda kitdislñi.
-
8
H
?>
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd @lxdr
-
Akitnraki zkinhd nakplktd`pkrnchd _Q-Zdclgrksks hdolhn`ditd l`pdr`dnolclznhn(onihdbnhda kitdislñi).Hlspkslalñihd _Q-Zdclgrksks n trnvds hduinDK-_Q Zdclgrksks.
-
8
H
?>
Rnpntks hdsdgurlhnh aki sudcnnitlhdsclznitd. Gunitds.Ansak hd sdgurlhnh.Onrolqudbk.
8
H
?>
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Zktdialnchdrrn`d Flhrkanrourks
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudck
Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc Gdidrnalñiyhlspkslalñi Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc sudckpkr liau`pcl`lditk hd_dslhuks Zdclgrksks sudck hdDANQ
Qupdrelaldrdsoncnhlznk lrrdgucnr Kostîaucks didc plsk
Anàhnhdpdrskincnc `ls`kilvdc
Drgkiñ`lakpkr @nilpucnalñi`niunc hd `nilpucnalñi`niunchd anrgn anrgn.
Ngditds olkcñglaks AKULH-><
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Gkcpds,akitualkids, fdrlhns.
Xrnstkriks `òsauck dsqudcìtlaks.
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >6
>6
>6
6
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Zrdsdialnhd pdrskinc akisàitk`ns hdAKULH ><
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, Dxpkslalñin supdrelalds Qupdrelalds pnhdal`lditkhd akitn`linhns pkrdc akitn`linhns akiAkvlh sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >< AkrkinvlrusAKULH->< pkslocd`udrtd.
Q
?
A
6
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Zksturns liak`khns k ekrznhns
Q
8
A
>6
_utlinrlk
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Drgkiñ`lakpkr pksturn linhdaunhn
Xrnstkriks `òsauck dsqudcìtlaks.
Q
?
A
6
-
-
-
Hlstnialn`lditkhd pdrskinc
-
-
-
-
Nlscn`lditk hdc pdrskincliedatnhk
-
-
-
-
-
Zcni hd Naalñi hd @dbkrn
Afnrcnhd sdgurlhnhprdtnrdn. Dcnokrnalñiyhleuslñi hdAnrtlccn2Drgkik`àn.Hdsnrrkcck hdpnusns natlvns. Dstnocdadralacks hdtrnonbk.Ikcdvnitnr anrgns supdrlkrds n?4Mg/pdrskinil `nykrds n:.5: `thd cnrgk._dnclznalñihd pnusns natlvns.Hdsnrrkcck hd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks.
8
H
?>
Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Dxî`dids `ìhlaks hdligrdsk (prudonAKULH->.4 `. Akitrkchdtd`pdrnturn prdvlknc trnscnhkn cks erditds hdtrnonbk. Hdsliedaalñihd Udfàaucks. Tskhd `nsanrlccns Dvltnrrduilkids akingck`drnalkids hdcpdrskinc. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Tskhdtdr`ñ`dtrkhlgltnc liernrrkbkpnrnakitrkchd td`pdrturn
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Nostdialñihdligrdsk ncprkydatk ncpdrskinc lhditlelanhkak`kvucidrnocd. Hlclgdialn`lditkhd cnhdacnrnalñi burnhnprdvlknc ligrdsknc prkydatk. Ccdinhkhdelafn hdlivdstlgnalñidplhd`lkcñglan@LIQN(nnpclanr ncks ansks Tskhd `nsanrlccns pksltlvks). ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Tskhd `nsanrlccns _dspdtnrhlstnialn`lditkhdcpdrs kinc,`lil`k>.4 `dtrks. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
-
Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
-
-
-
_dnclznrdc afdamclst hdnaadsks pdntkincds. _dnclznrcn fnolcltnalñiy`nitdil`lditkhd cks naadsks pdntkincds y pcntnekr`ns hdtrnonbk. Xrnisltnrpkr îrdns nutkrlznhns. Krhdiycl`pldzndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcn d zndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcnokrnalñ ñiyhleuslñ iyhleuslñihdZDXQ.
-
-
Alacks hdtrnonbk.Zrkgrn`n hdZnusns natlvns. Hdsnrrkcckhd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks.
-
8
H
?>
8
H
?>
1
H
>7
Ulornalñihda kiardtk
AQQ-QQ-::?-E-::1
Naalñi hd @dbkrn (^ud)
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk _dslhunc DZZ
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
Akisu`khd Ngun
_utlinrlk
r c rr
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
Dqulpk hd Zrktdaalñi Zdrskinc(DZZ)
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_utlinrlk
r c ,
trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
4
5
_utlinrlk
_utlinrlk
Xr c
Zudstk(s)hd
:>
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_ D@Z_DQN2 I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_nhlnalñiTctrnvlkcdtn
Dxpkslalñin rnhlnalñi uctrnvlkcdtn
Zntkckgànhdr`ntkcñglan ykaucnr
Q
8
A
>6
-
-
-
-
Dcnokrnalñiy hleuslñihdListruatlvk2Zrdvdialñi nitd_nhlnalñiTU. Anpnaltnalñidiprktdaalñi hdcn pldc.
Tskhd ockqudhnhkrskcnr EZQ 4:anhn?fkrns. Tskhd akrtnvlditk. Tskhd cditds hd sdgurlhnh ksaurks aki prktdaalñihd 8::TU. Zuitks hdflhrntnalñidi dcîrdnhdtrnonbk.
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_ ulh k
D xp ks al ñl in in ru ru hl k
Zìrhlhnnuhltlvnlihualhn pkrrulhk
Q
1
A
>1
-
-
-
-
AnpnaltnalñidiZrktdaalñi nuhltlvn Qdþnclznalñiyhdcl`ltnalñihd îrdn.
Tskhd tnpkids nuhltllvks vks y/kkrdbdrns.
Edafn (Aunihk)
LHDIXLELANALÑI HD ZDCLG_KQ \ NQZDAXKQ, DUNCTNALÑI \ AKIX_KC HD _LDQGKQ D L@ZNAXKQ N@OLDIXNCDQ UNALNHK HD AKIA_DXK
D@Z_DQN2
IK@O_DQ \ NZDCCLHKQ
AN_GK
>
Dcl`linalñi
M-OKKX->:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
r
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
Xnrdn
_utlinrlk
Xr c
trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
Hdsnstrds inturncds (Qls`ks,funyaks, liiuihnalkids)
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Naalhditd
Xrnu`ntls`k, akituslkids,`udrtd.
Q/QK/@N
Q
Akisdaudialn
?
Zrkonolclhnh
H
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
Dcl `linalñi
>?
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd prdsditnrsdui ediñ`dikinturnc nhvdrsk.
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Qustl tual ñi
L igd il dràn
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@niledstnalñipòoclan tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctky rkok
Gkcpdnhkkngrdhlhk
Akituslkids,cdslkids, `udrtd.
Q
1
A
>1
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Xkr`ditns dcìatrlans
Akitnatkaki hdsanrgn dcìatrlan
Qfkamdcìatrlak, pnrk anrhlk-rdsplrntkrlk, qud`nhurns ,`udrtd.
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6
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans
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TskhdHdtdatkrhd k rhd tkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ak`uilanalñirnhlnchdc Aditrkhd Akitrkc Akitnraki rdeuglks di anskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans (vdfàaucks) Hdtdatkrhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans pkrtîtlc
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Flpktdr`ln,gkcpds, akituslkids,`udrtd
Q
1
A
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f), grnilznhns,ccuvlns tkrrdialncds.
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Nid`ñ`dtrkadrtlelanhk yanclornhk. L`pcd`ditnalñihd rdeuglksdiansk diansk hdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f),grnilznhns, ccuvlnstkrrdialncds. (vdflaucks)
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Akihlalkids acl`îtlans Dxpkslalñincnccuvlny ny nhvdrsns (vlditks idoclins,anàhns pkronbn eudrtds,ccuvlns,idoclins) vlslolclhnh
Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Naalñi hd @dbkrn (^ud)
_dspkisnocd (^uldi)
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Dcnokrnalñiyhleuslñi hdListruatlvk2^ud fnadrerditd nediñ`diks inturncds nhvdrsks.
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D
>5
HleuslñihdZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdi n nitdD`drgdialns._dpkrtdhdcsuadsknc Aclditd(NN^QN).
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1
H
>7
HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns. HleuslñihdZcni hdXkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ncdrtnn`nrlccn(Znrnclznalñitkhns cns natlvlhnhds aràtlans). NcdrtnInrnibn(Quspdislñihd natlvlhnhds yan`likn rdeuglks). Ncdrtn_kbn(Xkhk dcpdrskinc dirdeuglk). Udfàaucks`nitdidrpudrtns yvditnins adrrnhns hurnitdcnncdrtn rkbn. @nitdidrsdncdbnhkhda uncquldrdstruaturn`dtîclan kafnrak hdngun. Dincdrtn rkbnnpngnr tkhkdqulpkdcdatrñilak. DstîihnrFQD ?.85,Xkr`ditns Dcìatrlans.
Tskkoclgntkrlkhd Zrktdatkrhd anodzn, Cditds,_kpn_decdatlvn, Rnpntks hdQdgurlhnh hldcìatrlanaki puitn rdekrznhn ygunitds.
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>?
HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns.
T skhd rkpnhdtrnonbk l`pdr`dnocd.Akitnraki akrtnvlditkl`pdr`dnocd.
8
A
>6
@N
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A
>6
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Anr tlccn hd us k hd ngun r na lkinc hd ngun. Akitr kc hd a kis u`k hd ngun.
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8
A
>6
@N
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A
>6
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Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.
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8
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?>
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudckpkr liau`pcl`lditkhdDANs
@N
8
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>6
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Akitnry au`pclraki prkgrn`nhd `nitdil`lditk.Npngnrtkhkvdflauckdi anskhdikusnrsd.Akitnraki@QHQ hdak`oustllocd ocd.Akitnrakimltnitd hdrrn`ds kpdrntlvkya k`pcdtk.Akitnraki onihdbnhda kitdislñi.
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8
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@N
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>6
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Akitnraki zkinhd nakplktd`pkrnchd _Q-Zdclgrksks hdolhn`ditd l`pdr`dnolclznhn(onihdbnhda kitdislñi).Hlspkslalñihd _Q-Zdclgrksks n trnvds hduinDK-_Q Zdclgrksks.
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8
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Rnpntks hdsdgurlhnh aki sudcnnitlhdsclznitd. Gunitds.Ansak hd sdgurlhnh.Onrolqudbk.
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_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd @lxdr
Zktdialnchdrrn`d Flhrkanrourks
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnhkrhd @lxdr
Nedatnalñincn anclhnh hdcsudck
Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc Gdidrnalñiyhlspkslalñi Nctdrnalñincn anclhnhhdc sudckpkr liau`pcl`lditk hd_dslhuks Zdclgrksks sudck hdDANQ
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Qupdrelaldrdsoncnhlznk lrrdgucnr Kostîaucks didc plsk
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Gkcpdnhkpkr @nilpucnalñihd fdrrn`lditns,`ntdrlncds fdrrn`lditns,`ntdrlncds ukobdtks `nilpucnhks ukobdtks
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Ilvdc _ldsgk _dslhunc
Ngditds olkcñglaks AKULH-><
Zrdsdialnhd pdrskinc akisàitk`ns hdAKULH ><
Anàhnhdpdrskincnc `ls`kilvdc
Gkcpds,akitualkids, fdrlhns.
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8
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>6
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_dnclznrdc afdamclst hdnaadsks pdntkincds. _dnclznrcn fnolcltnalñiy`nitdil`lditkhd cks naadsks pdntkincds y pcntnekr`ns hdtrnonbk. Xrnisltnrpkr îrdns nutkrlznhns. Krhdiycl`pldzndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcn d zndidcîrdnhdtrnonbk.Dcnokrnalñ ñiyhleuslñ iyhleuslñihdZDXQ. Afnrcnhd sdgurlhnhprdtnrdn.
Xrnu`ntls`k, akituslkids,`udrtd
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8
A
>6
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Afdamclst hdfdrrn`lditns `niuncds.Akckanalñihd alitnhd akckrhdc `ds pnrnlispdaalñi hdfdrrn`lditns. LispdaalñihdDZZs. Hdsnrrkcckhd LZD_A Gunitds hdonhnin. Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks. Ikdstn pdr`ltlhkdcusk hdfdrrn`lditns fdaflzns. Ttlclznrcnfdrrn`lditn nhdaunhnpnrn natlvlhnh
Akitnatkaki pdrskins akiAkvlh><
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh ><
Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, pnhdal`lditkhd sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_
I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
8
H
?>
Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Dxî`dids `ìhlaks hdligrdsk (prudonAKULH->.4 `. Akitrkchdtd`pdrnturn prdvlknc trnscnhkn cks erditds hdtrnonbk. Hdsliedaalñihd Udfàaucks. Tskhd `nsanrlccns Dvltnrrduilkids akingck`drnalkids hdcpdrskinc. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Tskhdtdr`ñ`dtrkhlgltnc liernrrkbkpnrnakitrkchd td`pdrturn
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Nostdialñihdligrdsk ncprkydatk ncpdrskinc lhditlelanhkak`kvucidrnocd. Hlclgdialn`lditkhd cnhdacnrnalñi burnhnprdvlknc ligrdsknc prkydatk. Ccdinhkhdelafn hdlivdstlgnalñidplhd`lkcñglan@LIQN(nnpclanr ncks ansks Tskhd `nsanrlccns pksltlvks). ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
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Edafn (Aunihk)
LHDIXLELANALÑI HD ZDCLG_KQ \ NQZDAXKQ, DUNCTNALÑI \ AKIX_KC HD _LDQGKQ D L@ZNAXKQ N@OLDIXNCDQ UNALNHK HD AKIA_DXK
D@Z_DQN2
IK@O_DQ \ NZDCCLHKQ
AN_GK
>
Dcl`linalñi
M-OKKX->:7O
BK_GD @NIRT_ QKXK
BDED QQK@N
?
Qustltualñi
@KZN
ZD_A\ _KBNQ G GN N_AÀN
_DQLHDIXD DC DAX_K@DAÎILAK
1
Ligdildràn
?:/:5/?:?:
AÌQN_ UDCNQ^TDR CÑZDR
_DZ_DQDIXNIXD AQQX
8
Qdpnrnalñi
EDAFN HD DCNOK_NALÑI 2
EL_@N
?:/:5/?:?:
EDAFN HD _DULQLÑI2 _DULQLÑI2
?
Z_KADQK2
AKIQX_TAALÑIHD CLIDNHD X_NIQ@LQLÑIDC DAX_LAN
_utlinrlk/ Ik _utlinrlk
r c ,
Zdclgrk / Nspdatk N`olditnc
_ldsgk / L`pnatk N`olditnc
Hdsarlpalñi hd Akisdaudialn
Q/QK/@N Akisdaudialn
Zrkonolclhnh
Ilvdc _ldsgk Zurk
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Dxpkslalñin supdrelalds Akitnglkhdcpdrskinc, Qupdrelalds pnhdal`lditkhd akitn`linhns pkrdc akitn`linhns akiAkvlh sàitk`ns hdcAkvlh >< AkrkinvlrusAKULH->< pkslocd`udrtd.
Q
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A
6
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Zksturns liak`khns k ekrznhns
Q
8
A
>6
Nanonhks hdsupdrelalds
Xr c
trnonbk nskalnhk(s)
@dhlhnshd Akitrkc Natuncds
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk Zurk
Zudstk(s)hd Xnrdn
Natlvlhnh
Drgkiñ`lakpkr pksturn linhdaunhn
Xrnstkriks `òsauck dsqudcìtlaks.
Dcl `linalñi
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Qustl tual ñi
L igd il dràn
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Akitnraki cnvn`niksdi cks erditdshdtrnonbk
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_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_nhlnalñiTctrnvlkcdtn
Dxpkslalñin rnhlnalñi uctrnvlkcdtn
Zntkckgànhdr`ntkcñglan ykaucnr
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8
A
>6
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_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Hdsnstrds inturncds (Qls`ks,funyaks, liiuihnalkids)
Naalhditd
Xrnu`ntls`k, akituslkids,`udrtd.
Q
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H
>?
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd prdsditnrsdui ediñ`dikinturnc nhvdrsk.
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_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
@niledstnalñipòoclan tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctky rkok
Gkcpdnhkkngrdhlhk
Akituslkids,cdslkids, `udrtd.
Q
1
A
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd `niledstnalñi puoclan,tk`nhd listncnalkids, vnihncls`k,nsnctk.
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_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
_utlinrlk
Kpdrnrlkalvlc, Kelalncalvlc, Nyuhnitd.
Xkr`ditns dcìatrlans
Akitnatkaki hdsanrgn dcìatrlan
Akihlalkids acl`îtlans Dxpkslalñincnccuvlny ny nhvdrsns (vlditks idoclins,anàhns pkronbn eudrtds,ccuvlns,idoclins) vlslolclhnh
Akisu`khd Ngun
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks inturncds
Qfkamdcìatrlak, pnrk anrhlk-rdsplrntkrlk, qud`nhurns ,`udrtd.
Q
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A
6
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans
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TskhdHdtdatkrhd k rhd tkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ak`uilanalñirnhlnchdc Aditrkhd Akitrkc Akitnraki rdeuglks di anskhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans (vdfàaucks) Hdtdatkrhd tkr`ditns dcdatrlans pkrtîtlc
Flpktdr`ln,gkcpds, akituslkids,`udrtd
Q
1
A
>1
Znrnclznrcn natlvlhnh dianskhdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f), grnilznhns,ccuvlns tkrrdialncds.
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Nid`ñ`dtrkadrtlelanhk yanclornhk. L`pcd`ditnalñihd rdeuglksdiansk diansk hdvlditks eudrtds (914M`/f),grnilznhns, ccuvlnstkrrdialncds. (vdflaucks)
Ngktn`lditkhdrdaursks pkrakisu`k dxadslvk hdngun
@N
8
A
>6
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Qdpn rn alñi
HleuslñihdZrktkakck hd@dhlhns hdZrdvdialñi pnrnZdrskinc hdNigck N`drlaniy Akitrntlstns erditdncn Znihd`lnAKULH->< Lhditlelanalñihdc pdrskincvucidrnocd. Tskhd `nsanrlccns _dspdtnrhlstnialn`lditkhdcpdrs kinc,`lil`k>.4 `dtrks. ikr`nhns I<
FQD@ningdr/Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
Zcnihd rdspudstnnitd D`drgdialns.
FQD @ningdr/ Qltd Zrkbdat@ningdr
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8
H
?>
Dcnokrnalñiy hleuslñihdListruatlvk2Zrdvdialñi nitd_nhlnalñiTU. Anpnaltnalñidiprktdaalñi hdcn pldc.
Tskhd ockqudhnhkrskcnr EZQ 4:anhn?fkrns. Tskhd akrtnvlditk. Tskhd cditds hd sdgurlhnh ksaurks aki prktdaalñihd 8::TU. Zuitks hdflhrntnalñidi dcîrdnhdtrnonbk.
8
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Dcnokrnalñiyhleuslñi hdListruatlvk2^ud fnadrerditd nediñ`diks inturncds nhvdrsks.
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D
>5
HleuslñihdZcnihdrdspudstnnitdD`drgdi n nitdD`drgdialns._dpkrtdhdcsuadsknc Aclditd(NN^QN).
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1
H
>7
HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns. HleuslñihdZcni hdXkr`ditns dcìatrlans. Ncdrtnn`nrlccn(Znrnclznalñitkhns cns natlvlhnhds aràtlans). NcdrtnInrnibn(Quspdislñihd natlvlhnhds yan`likn rdeuglks). Ncdrtn_kbn(Xkhk dcpdrskinc dirdeuglk). Udfàaucks`nitdidrpudrtns yvditnins adrrnhns hurnitdcnncdrtn rkbn. @nitdidrsdncdbnhkhda uncquldrdstruaturn`dtîclan kafnrak hdngun. Dincdrtn rkbnnpngnr tkhkdqulpkdcdatrñilak. DstîihnrFQD ?.85,Xkr`ditns Dcìatrlans.
Tskkoclgntkrlkhd Zrktdatkrhd anodzn, Cditds,_kpn_decdatlvn, Rnpntks hdQdgurlhnh hldcìatrlanaki puitn rdekrznhn ygunitds.
?
H
>?
HleuslñihdZcni hdrdspudstn nitdD`drgdialns.
T skhd rkpnhdtrnonbk l`pdr`dnocd.Akitnraki akrtnvlditkl`pdr`dnocd.
8
A
>6
Anr tlccn hd us k hd ngun r na lkinc hd ngun. Akitr kc hd a kis u`k hd ngun.
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8
A
>6
NZ_KONHK ZK_
ZD_A\ _KBNQ GN_AÀN _DQLHDIXD ALULC EDAFN2 ?:/:5/?:?:
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
Dqulpk hd Zrktdaalñi Zdrskinc(DZZ)
Alacks hdtrnonbk.Zrkgrn`n hdZnusns natlvns. Hdsnrrkcckhd LZD_A Akitliuk.Afnrcnhd 4`liutks.
EDAFN2 ?:/:5/ ?:?:
4
5
Dvncunalñi hd _ldsgk _dslhunc DZZ
AkitrkcNh`lilstrntlvk
r c rr
DCNOK_NHK ZK_
:>
Bd rn rquàn hd Akitrkcd s - Krhdi hd Zr lkr lhnh
AKIQK_ALKX_NIQ@ NIXN_KQ.N.
N_DN2
>.>8 Nidxk 8
EDAFNHDNZ_KONALÑI ?<
D^TLZK DUNCTNHK_
I_K HD AKIX_NXK 2
AKHLGK2 UD_QLÑI
Elr`nhk hlgltnc`ditdpkr Ncdxnihdr Qnitlngk Eìclx Edafn2 ?:?:.:7.:6 >:28?2:> -:4'::'
Edafn (Aunihk)
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