IOSH Ready Questions and Answers

List the 5 controls on the Hierarchy of controls from the first resort to the last resort.

The general hierarchy of controls is as follows.

Eliminate the hazard Reduce the hazard at source Remove the person from the hazard Introduce a workplace precaution PPE

What are the characteristics of a good proactive performance indicator? :The characteristics are

.Objective Easy to measure and collect - if it is difficult people may not wish to do this and the exercise .becomes pointless .Relevant to the organisation or group whose performance is being measured Cost-effective in terms of effort required to gather the information; if staff are spending hours a day collecting and analysisng data this may be preventing them form doing their .other roles Understood and owned by the organisation or group whose performance is being measured there is no point putting together a report on the indicators of performance if no one but the report writer understands what it all means

What three things should be covered by the Health and Safety policy? 

What the organisation is trying to achieve in safety?

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Who has general and specific safety responsibilities?

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How they will carry out their safety responsibilities?

What information should you include on a risk assessment form? 

Your name (or the name of who is carrying out the risk assessment)

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The date/time of the assessment

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Details of the location, people, equipment and activity being assessed

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The hazards and their risk level

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Existing controls (and how well do they work?)

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What further risk controls are required

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The next review date for the risk assessment

What are the different ways a chemical can enter the body? Ingestion (eating/drinking) 2. Inhalation (breathing) 3. Skin contact (absorption) 4. Injection (needles or through wounds) 5. Eye contact (through the mucus membranes of the eyes)

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List the ways a manual handling TASK be made safer?

.Reorganise the layout of the workplace For example, to reduce carrying distances or the distances through which loads .have to be lifted or lowered

.Change the task design .This can eliminate or reduce the need for twisting, stooping and stretching

.Make it possible to work with loads near the body .This is especially important during lifting and carrying

.Ensure that required effort is supplied by the leg muscles Leg muscles are stronger than back or arm muscles and good lifting technique, .using the leg muscles, can be taught

.Reduce or eliminate the need for awkward postures .This can be done by, for example, reorganising the layout of work benches

.Reduce frequency of repetitive tasks Where repetitive manual handling operations are required, reduce the frequency, allow sufficient, operator selected rest breaks, allow self pacing of the task, and .consider job rotation so that one person is not subject to too much strain

.Avoid lifting from floor while seated Where handling while seated is unavoidable, eliminate lifting from the floor while seated and ensure that the seat is at the best height and distance from the .work bench for the task involved

.Consider team handling This is particularly important where loads are heavy, bulky or otherwise difficult

List the factors which are to be balanced against the benefits of a risk control when reducing risks ‘so far as is reasonably practicable’

"If the cost, in terms of time, effort, money or inconvenience, associated with the workplace precaution outweighs the benefits of the risk reduction, then it is not reasonably practicable to use that workplace precaution."

So the answer is time, effort, money or inconvenience. List the benefits to you and your organisation of carrying out a risk assessment

List the benefits to you and your organisation of carrying out a risk assessment.

There are various reasons why a risk assessment should be undertaken, these include:

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To meet legal requirements (these will be discussed later in this module).

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To identify whether you are doing enough to protect your workforce and others that are affected by your activities.

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To demonstrate good business practice.

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To improve business performance.

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To save money (potential costs savings).

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To reduce the insurance premiums.

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To enhance the company's reputation

List the different types of incident that should be reported to the Enforcing Authority.

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Fatality Major injury Dangerous occurrence Certain occupational diseases Accident which results in someone not at work being taken to hospital

Best regards,

List the psychological symptoms of violence at work. 

Insomnia.

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Stress.

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Anxiety.

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Irritability.

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Loss of confidence.

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Agrophobia.

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Thoughts of self harm.

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Guilt.

What are the health effects of mains voltage electricity passing through the body?

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Convulsions these are involuntary contractions of muscles caused by the electrical current passing through them.

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The heart to stop beating (cardiac arrest).

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Burns, either internal or external where the current enters or leaves your body.

List the 5 controls on the Hierarchy of controls from the first resort to the last resort. 

Eliminate the hazard

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Reduce the hazard at source

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Remove the person from the hazard

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Introduce a workplace precaution

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PPE

What three things should be covered by the Health and Safety policy?

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What the organisation is trying to achieve in safety?

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Who has general and specific safety responsibilities?

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How they will carry out their safety responsibilities?

To prove negligence, what are the three things a claimant must show? - A duty of care was owed by the employer to the employee - The duty of care was breached - The breach caused an injury

LIST the categories of hazards associated with vehicles.

Refuelling Loading and unloading Causing injury or damage whilst driving Harm caused by moving vehicles Other risks could be Hazardous substances e.g., Oil, coolant, battery acid ' COSHH' Environment, exhaust fumes Disease, e.g. exhaust fumes, fatigue driving long periods. Refuelling could cause environmental risks to water sources.

What is the difference between active and reactive monitoring? Please give an example of each.

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Active monitoring is monitoring that you carry out BEFORE an incident. It is pro-active and you are trying to prevent incidents from occurring.

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Examples could be: workplace inspections, machine guarding checks, behavioural safety observations etc.

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Reactive monitoring is where you are REACTING to something, such as an incident. Therefore it takes place AFTER the incident has occurred. The intention is to keep track of incidents so you can identify trends.

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Examples could be: accident and ill-health reports and near-miss reports.

What are the different duties imposed on EMPLOYEES by the various Acts and Regulations? Health and Safety at Work Act, Section 7: Responsibility to co-operate with their employer, take care of their safety and that of others, not to interfere with anything provided in the interests of safety. Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, regulation 14: Responsibility to work in accordance with training/instruction and to make the employer aware of dangerous/unsafe situations. Working at Height Regulations, regulation 14: Responsibility to report defects which present a fall risk, to work at height in accordance with training/instructions. Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, article 23: Responsibility to take reasonable care, to co -operate with their employer, to inform their employer of unsafe situations. Manual Handling Operations Regulations, regulation 5: Responsibility to make use of any system provided by their employer. Personal Protective Equipment Regulations, regulation 10: Responsibility to use PPE as per training/instructions and to return PPE to its storage location after use.

If you produce waste, what are your legal responsibilities in relation to disposing of that waste?

In the UK there are a number of different Acts and Regulations which apertain to waste and disposal. The main one is the Environmental Protection Act 1990. This establishes that anyone who produces, imports, carries, keeps, t reats or disposes of waste has a duty of care. When disposing of waste, the organisation must ensure: - That it is correctly identified (labelling of hazardous wastes, for example). - Secured and protected from accidental or intentional release. - Transfer it to someone who is authorised to take the waste. Organisations who transport waste must have a waste carrier licence. Organisations who keep or process waste must have an Environmental Permit (or an exemption). - Retain all the appropriate documentation such as copies of the above licences and permits, and also the waste transfer notes which are provided when the waste is transferred from one party to another. In addition Article 4 of the EU Waste Framework Directive sets out 5 steps for dealing with waste: the waste hierarchy.

Prevention Re-use Recycling Other recovery (such as energy recovering from incineration or anaerobic digestion) Disposal

Name as many examples of active monitoring as you can think of. 1. Daily checks of fire escapes to ensure they are unobstructed. 2. Daily forklift checks 3. Monthly record checks 4. Weekly building checks 5. Review of Health and Safety Policy 6. PAT testing 7. Refresher training on Manual Handling 8. Conditions of PPE and availibility 9. Monitoring of Off-site activities 10.Fire alarm and Intruder alarm maintainance checks

Please explain two reasons why the Fire Triangle is important to fire safety.

The 2 reasons are that understanding the triangle helps you develop strategies for PREVENTION and for EXTINGUISHING a fire. To prevent a fire you simply have to stop the 3 elements of fire coming together. Usually that is by keeping fuel and ignition sources separate. In some higher risk industries the oxygen levels are controlled. To extinguish a fire, different extinguishing methods act on different parts of the triangle. Water cools it down (heat/ignition), turning off the gas acts on the fuel, foam separates the fuel from the air, FM200 acts on the chemical reaction itself.

What factors affect the risk of injury during manual handling?

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The weight of the load.

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The size and shape of the load.

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Your posture during manual handling.

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The distance you have to lift the load.

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The nature of the manual handling movement.

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The frequency of the manual handling movement.

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The working environment.

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The capability of the person.

What are the differences between CIVIL law and CRIMINAL law?

Civil Law.

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It is intended to compensate victims for damage or injury they have substained.

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Claim for damages are initiated by the person who sustained the damage.

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You can insure against claims made against you under civil law.

Criminal Law.

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It is intended to punish bodies corporate and individuals with, for example fines or imprisonment.

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It is initiated by the state, for example, by the police or by Factory inspectors.

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You cannot insure against the sanctions imposed under criminal law.

List THREE types of machinery hazard associated with a dieselpowered forklift truck.

Entangle - in the lifting mechanism of the forklift, in the wheel axles Nips - in the lifting mechanism of forklift (chains etc.) Traps - again in the lifting mechanism, but also the possibility of trapping the driver between the cab and a solid structure Impact - being hit by a forklift Contact - burns caused by the heat of the diesel engine Ejection - catastropic failure of the lifting equipment could cause debris to be ejected. Also engine failure s.