Investigacion Formativa-Precoopviveres

 

WYOVBJ^O NB FDPBZ^FAMJFOD @OYLM^FPM

WYBZBD^MNO WOY5 IYMVMD JMLFKO MKMWB WMKOLFDO KFNM LMYJBKM ZFKPM JRKLM WMOKM MDNYBM JMZ^FKKO NBPFM URKMV MKPMYBU @YMDJO

RDFPBYZFNMN NBK ^OKFLM JYBMN JCMWMYYMK MNLFDFZ^YMJFOD @FDMDJFBYM ZBLBZ^YB PFFF JCMWMYMK, ^OKFLM

 

9797 WYOVBJ^O NB FDPBZ^FAMJFOD @OYLM^FPM

WYBZBD^MNO WOY5 IYMVMD JMLFKO MKMWB WMKOLFDO KFNM LMYJBKM ZFKPM JRKLM WMOKM MDNYBM JMZ^FKKO NBPFM URKMV MKPMYBU @YMDJO

WYBZBD^MNO M5 LMVYM HM^CBYFDB ZMKMUMY KRAO

RDFPBYZFNMN NBK ^OKFLM JYBMN JCMWMYYMK MNLFDFZ^YMJFOD @FDMDJFBYM ZBLBZ^YB PFFF

 

JCMWMYYMK, ^OKFLM 9797   FDNFJB

Jodtbdfno_____________________________________________________________Wía. =. FD^YONRJJFOD…………………………………………….…………..………..2 9. ERZ^F@FJMJFOD…………… ERZ^F@FJMJFOD………………………………………… ……………………………………….…………….0 ………….…………….0 :. OIEB^FPOZ………………… OIEB^FPOZ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………………..1 ………………………..1  

:.= OIEB^FPO ABDBYMK ……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………..1 ..1 :.9 OIEB^FPOZ BZWBJF@FJOZ …………………………… …………………………………………………..1 ……………………..1

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=. FD FD^ ^YO YONR NRJ JJFÚ JFÚD.

Ybjopfkmr, sfdtbtfzmr y mnmptmr mk sbjtor rbmk kms nfvbrsms tborìms y lonbkos bxfstbdtbs pmrm km lbnfjfúd nb rfbsaos `fdmdjfbros y m pmrtfr nb bkko nbsmrrokkmr lonbkos qub sbmd mpkfjmikbs, sb jodvfbrtb bd bk oiebtfvo prfdjfpmk nb km fdvbstfamjfúd8 bsto sb koarm  pmrtfbdno nbk mdíkfsfs nb jodjbptos abdbrmkbs, nbsmrrokkmdno postbrforlbdtb mkaudos bkblbdtos bspbjì`fjos qub pbrlftmd mnqufrfr ud jodojflfbdto fdtbarmk nb kos rfbsaos `fdmdjfbros pmrm tbrlfdmr bd udm abstfúd bxftosm nb kos lfslos.

Km fdvbstfamjfúd nb jmríjtbr nbsjrfptfvo ‚ bxpkfjmtfvo, mimrjm kos mspbjtos rbkbvmdtbs rbkmjfodmnos jod km lbnfjfúd, jodtrok y abstfúd nb kos rfbsaos `fdmdjfbros, bdtbdnfædnosb  por kos lfslos kos rfbsaos nb lbrjmno, lbrjmno, nb jrænfto y nb kfqufnbz, qub sfrvbd nb mpoyo m kms blprbsms nbk sbjtor rbmk y lmtbrfmk nb rb`brbdjfm bd bk projbso nb mprbdnfzmeb nb kos `uturos pro`bsfodmkbs.

Bxfstbd fdnfjfos trmsjbdnbdtmkbs qub pbrlftfbrod jbdtrmr km mtbdjfúd y mneunfjmr km flportmdjfm mk tblm nb lbnfjfúd y jodtrok nb rfbsaos `fdmdjfbros, tbdfbdno bd jubdtm qub coy bd nìm kms blprbsms nbk sbjtor rbmk bstíd jmlifmdno su pbrspbjtfvm bd kos dbaojfos, ym qub do súko sb jodvfbrtbd bd jrbmnorms nb utfkfnmnbs, sfdo bd abdbrmnorms nb vmkor, optflfzmdno km rbkmjfúd rfbsao- rbdnflfbdto.

 

9. ER ERZ^ Z^F@ F@FJ FJMJ MJFÚ FÚD. D.

Bs nb sulm flportmdjfm pmrm kos bstunfmdtbs nb ojtmvo sblbstrb nbk proarmlm nb Mnlfdfstrmjfúd @fdmdjfbrm, jodojbr kos nfvbrsos rfbsaos qub kkbaubd m prbsbdtmr kms blprbsms nb km rbafúd, ko jumk  pbrlftfrí jodojbr kos beblpkos bxftosos nb mkaudms blprbsms y bvftmr jolbtbr kos brrorbs nb mqubkkms qub do cmd koarmno tbdbr bk æxfto qub cmiìmd prodostfjmno.

Nb faumk lmdbrm sb bdrfqubjb bk projbso `orlmtfvo nb kos bstunfmdtbs, mk tbdbr km posfifkfnmn nb jod`rodtmr kos jodojflfbdtos tbúrfjos mnqufrfnos bd bk mukm, jod bk qubcmjbr blprbsmrfmk jotfnfmdo8 bd bsb sbdtfno bk mjbrjmlfbdto mk sbjtor blprbsmrfmk nb km rbafúd pbrlftfrí qub kos bstunfmdtbs rbjodozjmd jolo sb nbsmrrokkmd kos projbsos nb kos rfbsaos `fdmdjfbros bd kms blprbsms bstunfmnms.

Jod bstb trmimeo nb Fdvbstfamjfúd @orlmtfvm, sb qufbrb nblostrmr qub m trmvæs nb km kkuvfm nb fnbms rbmkfzmnm por dubstro arupo m km blprbsm WYBJOOWPFPBYBZ, sb koarm km fnbdtf`fjmjfúd nb kos  posfikbs rfbsaos qub kkbaub m prbsbdtmr km oramdfzmjfúd koarmdno mportmr nbsnb dubstro jodojflfbdto kms lbnfnms y rbjolbdnmjfodbs lís `mvormikbs bd pro nb qub sb rbmkfjb udm nfslfdujfúd nb bsos rfbsaos.

:. OIEB^FPOZ.

 

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OIEB^FPO ABDBYMK.

Ybmkfzmr udm jmrmjtbrfzmjfúd nbsnb km mpkfjmjfúd nb kos jolpodbdtbs nbk jurso Yfbsaos @fdmdjfbros bd km blprbsm WYBJOOWPFPBYBZ nbk ludfjfpfo nb Jcmpmrrmk, ^okflm y m trmvæs nbk mdíkfsfs nb km lmtrfz NO@M o @ONM, nfsbýmr n fsbýmr bstrmtbafms nb abstfúd qub marbaubd v vmkor mkor y nbd sokujfúd m kms proikblítfjms nb km mnlfdfstrmjfúd nb kos rfbsaos nbtbjtmnms.

:.9.

OIEB^FPOZ BZ BZWBJF@FJOZ.

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Ybmkfzmr ud mdíkfsfs nb km sftumjfúd mjtumk nb n b km blprbsm WYBJOOWPFPBYBZ.

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Jodojbr bk lonbko nb km bstrujturm oramdfzmjfodmk, km lfsfúd, vfsfúd, y vmkorbs, qub pbrlftm nfrfafr km blprbsm cmjfm bk posfjfodmlfbdto Nbpmrtmlbdtmk y Dmjfodmk pmrm bk mýo 97:7.

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Bvmkumr km fd`kubdjfm b flportmdjfm nb kos mjtorbs bd kos nfvbrsos bsjbdmrfos nb kos  proybjtos `uturos nb km blprbsm.

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Fnbdtf`fjmr kms tbdnbdjfms tbjdokúafjms `uturms qub jorrbspodnbríd m km jodstrujjfúd nb kms bstrmtbafms blprbsmrfmkbs qub kb pbrlftmd m WYBJOOWPFPBYBZ km pbrlmdbdjfm nb km blprbsm mk 97:7.

>. MD MD^B ^BJB JBNB NBD^ D^B BZ. Kos prflbros bstunfos flportmdtbs rbkmtfvos mk jodjbpto nb proimifkfnmn sb rblodtmd mk sfako SPF jod bk rbdmjflfbdto, tbdfbdno su orfabd bd bk mdíkfsfs nb kos eubaos nb mzmr tmkbs jolo kos nmnos y kms jmrtms, mdmkfzmdno km `rbjubdjfm nb nf`brbdtbs jolifdmjfodbs y posfikbs rbsuktmnos bd kos eubaos nb mzmr sb imsmrod lujcos nb kos trmimeos nb kos Ftmkfmdos Afrokmlo Jmrnmdo (=277 ‚ 

 

=21=) y Amkfkbo (=20> ‚ =0>9). Wmrm bk sfako SPFF trbs @rmdjbsbs sb nbstmjmd bd su bs`ubrzo pmrm lbnfr km proimifkfnmn, Ikms Wmsjmk qufæd mpkfjú jodjbptos abolætrfjos, Wfbrrb nb @brlmt mpoymno jodoj jo dojfl flfb fbdt dtos os mk mkab abir irmf mfjos jos y Jc Jcbvm bvmkf kfbrb brb nb Læ Lærb rb qu qubb sb fd fdjk jkfd fdmi mimm lí líss bd jo jodj djbpj bpjfo fodb dbss `fkosú`fjms.

@rmdjfs Amktod bd =312, rbvbkú bk jodjbpto nb ‛rbarbsfúd m km lbnfm“ qub jodsfstb bd qub m pbsmr  nb kms `kujtumjfodbs bd kos prbjfos qub sb pubnbd oisbrvmr bd kos lbrjmnos oramdfzmnos, y qub kos mjtfvos qub jotfzmd bd nfjcos lbrjmnos pubnbd bstmr soirbvmkumnos o suivmkumnos, sfblprb cmirí udm `ubrzm dmturmk qub prbsfodb p rbsfodb kos prbjfos m su eusto vmkor o m km ‛rbstmurmjfúd nb km dorlmkfnmn“. Amktod trmds`orlú bk jodjbpto nb proimifkfnmn bstítfjo bd ud jodjbpto nfdílfjo.

Wmrm =1:7, sb jodojb bk jodjbpto nb nfstrfiujfúd nb proimifkfnmn dorlmk y mpmrbjb jodsfao bk tærlfdo nb nbsvfmjfúd bstídnmr propubsto por Mirmcml nb Lofvrb, m su vbz, bd =629 surab bk sfadf`fjmno nb jovmrfmdzm y jorrbkmjfúd jod km tborìm nb portm`okfos nb Cmrry Lmrjowfts, prblfo  Dúibk nb bjodolìm.

Nbsnb =6:7 km prfdjfpmk cbrrmlfbdtm pmrm bk mdíkfsfs nbk rfbsao bd kms blprbsms `ub bk imkmdjb abdbrmk, bk jumk por sf soko do rb`kbem km pbrlmdbdjfm bd bk tfblpo o ko qub sb jodojb imeo bk  prfdjfpfo nb jodtfdufnmn o dbaojfo bd lmrjcm8 cmjfm =629 sb

 

3

nm bspbjfmk mtbdjfúd mk mdíkfsfs nbk bstmno nb rbsuktmnos pbro bstb do proporjfodm jkmrfnmn mjbrjm nb km jmpmjfnmn nb abdbrmr b`bjtfvo, bs por bso qub coy bd nìm sb otoram vftmk mtbdjfúd mk `kueo nb b`bjtfvo y mk mdíkfsfs nfdílfjo nb kos bstmnos `fdmdjfbros b fdnfjmnorbs y cbrrm cbrrmlfbdt lfbdtms ms `fdmdj `fdmdjfbrms fbrms qub propor proporjfodbd jfodbd fd`orlmjfúd fd`orlmjfúd oportu oportudm dm pmrm km optfl optflfzmjf fzmjfúd úd nb km rbkmjfúd rfbsao rbdnflfbdto.

Bd =66: jolo jodsbjubdjfm nb kos jodtfduos nbsmstrbs `fdmdjfbros sb jrbm bk arupo nb kos trbfdtm (A-:7), udm msojfmjfúd fdtbrdmjfodmk nb jmríjtbr prfvmno juym `fdmkfnmn brm km nb bstmikbjbr rbjolbdnmjfodbs qub proporjfodmrmd ud dfvbk mnbjumno nb prunbdjfm bd kms opbrmjfodbs `fdmdjfbrms.

M pmrtfr nb =66> sb prbs prbsbdtm bdtm bk lonbko JMWL (Jmpftmk (Jmpftmk Mssbt Wrfjfda Lonbk) lonbko nb msfa ms fadm dmjf jfúd úd nb pr prbjf bjfos os nb ko koss mj mjtf tfvo voss pr propu opubs bsto to po porr Zc Zcmr mrpb pb,, qub bs bstm tmik ikbjb bjb qu qubb bk rbdnflfbdto nb udm mjtfvo o portm`okfo bs faumk m km tmsm kfirb nb rfbsao lís ud ibdb`fjfo mnfjfodmk por msulfr nbtbrlfdmno dfvbk nb rfbsao nbdolfdmno n bdolfdmno prflm nb rfbsao.

Bd Ojtuirb nb =66> mpmrbjb bk jodjbpto nb Pmkor bd rfbsao (PmY), propubsto por bk E.W.Loramd pmrm km lbnfjfúd nb rfbsaos nb lbrjmno. Nfjcm lbtonokoaìm dmjb nb km pokìtfjm flpk fl pkbl blbdt bdtmn mnmm po porr N. Qb Qbmt mtcbr cbrsr srodb odb,, pr prbs bsfn fnbd bdtb tb nb E. E.W. W. Lo Lora ramd md,, quf qufæd æd so sokf kfjf jftm tmim im nfmrfmlbdtb ud rbportb nbk dfvbk b flpmjto nbk posfikb rfbsao soirb kms posfjfodbs nbk  imdjo.