Introduction to SAP and Basis Administra

Date: 2 May 2014 Duration: 1 day

Welcome

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Your name

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Location – home office

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Job role

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How long with [industry, practice area, community] Something unique about yourself

SAP Basis FastTrak WAS 700

Housekeeping

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Washrooms

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Transportation/parking

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No pagers or cell phones

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Participation

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Questions

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Day 1: Objectives

At the end of day 1, you should be able to: 

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Define and analyze Enterprise Resource Planning

Identify the different phases of SAP Project Lifecycle Explain SAP Basis Administration

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Day 1: Module map Module 1: Introduction to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Module 2: SAP Project Lifecycle 3 Module 3:SAP Basis Administration

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Introduction to ERP Module 1

Module 1: Objectives

After completion of this module, you should be able to: 

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Define an ERP

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Relate SAP to an ERP Understand the evolution of SAP

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Identify the components of SAP.

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Understand SAP Netweaver Concept.

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Understand the various kinds of Client-Server Architecture from SAP perspective. Know SAP’s Release and Maintenance Strategy

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Module 1: Agenda

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Topic 1: ERP: Definition

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Topic 2: Relation between SAP and ERP

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Topic 3: SAP evolution

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Topic 4: Components of SAP

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Topic 5: Features of Sap Netweaver

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Topic 6: SAP client-server architecture

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Topic 7: SAP release and maintenance strategy

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Enterprise computing in the 70’s

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Large corporations developed their software in-house. These software aimed at automating functional processes.

Advantages: – Application tailored to Organization’s requirement.

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Disadvantages: – Systems could not be changed on demand. – Excessive change made the applications difficult to manage. – Required large number of skilled in-house personnel to maintain the systems. – Very high cost of maintenance.

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Make vs. Buy vs. Mix ‘n Merge

Make

Buy

Mix ‘n Merge

In-house

3rd Party

Packaged

developed applications

developed applications

Corporate Applications, such as SAP & Oracle Financials

1970’s

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1980’s

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1990’s

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

ERP is the planning of how business resources (materials, employees, customers etc.) are acquired and moved from one state to another.

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Overview of SAP

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The SAP system is software which is composed of different software and a server as a whole and has the ability to perform standard business functions for corporations.

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SAP (pronounced ess-aye-pea ) is based in Walldorf, Germany .

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It stands for Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing.

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Its an ERP Package.

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SAP's foundation is built upon the concepts of specialization and integration.

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It is world premier provider of client/server business solutions.

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SAP products can be broken down further into modules portions of functionality.

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Evolution of SAP AG

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SAP was founded in the year 1972 as Systemanalyse und Programmentwicklung ("System Analysis and Program Development") The acronym was later changed to stand for Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung ("Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing"). In 1976 "SAP GmbH" is founded and the following year it moved headquarters to Walldorf . SAP AG became the company's official name in 2005 (AG is short for Aktiengesellschaft). In August 1988, SAP GmbH transferred into SAP AG (a corporation by German law). In 1995, SAP was included in the German stock index DAX and On August 3, 1998, the letters S-A-P appear for the first time on the Big board at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSW). Henning Kagermann became the sole CEO of SAP in 2003 till date. 13

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Technical solutions

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In 1972 the SAP R/1 solution was launched -the first financial accounting software.

Seven years later, in 1979, SAP launched SAP R/2. In 1981, SAP brought a completely re-designed solution to market. With the change from R/2 to R/3 in 1992.

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ERP packages

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SAP ERP 6.0 from SAP

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mySAP from SAP

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SAP Business One from SAP

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PeopleSoft from Oracle

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JD Edwards EnterpriseOne & JD Edwards World from Oracle

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R/2 system

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SAP R/2 is a real-time enterprise resource planning (ERP) software.

R/2 is SAP AG mainframe software that runs on IBM, Siemens, Amdahl, and compatible equipment. R/2 can be linked to R/3 systems and share online data. R/2 system is mainly targeted at enterprises with data intensive and centralized industries. R/2 is the predecessor of the client/server R/3 system. R/2 system offers comprehensive, fully functional business applications to satisfy the demands of mainframe users.

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R/3 system and further on

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SAP R/3 is a client/server based application and it is designed to run simultaneously across several separate computer systems.

The R/3 architecture allows distribution of the workload to multiple PC's connecting in a network. The SAP runtime system is designed in such a way that it distributes the presentation, application logic and the data management to different computers. SAP R/3 is arranged into distinct functional modules. The most widely used modules are Financials and Controlling (FICO), Human Resources (HR), Materials Management (MM), Sales & Distribution (SD), and Production Planning (PP). By 1996, the company had earned 1,089 new SAP R/3 customers. At the end of the year, SAP R/3 has been installed in more than 9,000 systems worldwide. 17

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SAP’s go-to-market-approach

Source: SAP 18

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SAP product portfolio Industry Solutions IS- Aerospace & Defense IS- Automotive IS- Oil…… SAP xAPPS SAP xAPP Resource & Management

mySAP Business Suite mySAP ERP mySAP SCM

SAP xAPP Product Definition

mySAP CRM

•……

mySAP PLM

SAP Smart Business Solutions mySAP All-in-One SAP Business One  

mySAP SRM

SAP NetWeaver SAP Enterprise Portal SAP Master Data Management

•SAP Exchange Infrastructure •SAP Mobile Infrastructure •SAP Web Application Server

SAP Business Information Warehouse 19

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Basic elements of SAP solution

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SAP NetWeaver: Technological infrastructure for all SAP solutions. SAP Business Suite: Compromise of cross-industry, SAP Netweaver based solutions.

SAP Smart Business Solutions: SAP solution for small and midsize businesses. The mySAP All-in-One solution is an SAP R/3- based system that has been extended with business functions from other SAP solutions. This means that each combination of functions result in a different mySAP All-in-one package. SAP Packaged Solutions offer a similar approach. These solution are packages of functions from different solutions of mySAP Business Suite combined individually for each customer.

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Basic elements of SAP solution

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SAP xAPPS (Collaborative Cross Applications): Allow for integration of existing applications with each other by accessing existing datasets and functions using open interfaces. This means that new applications can be implemented based on an existing infrastructure.

Industry Solutions provide business functions for selected industries. These functions are implemented in an SAP R/3(Enterprise) System and are available as Add-Ons.

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SAP business suite

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Previously known as mySAP.com.

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It’s a complete spectrum of business solutions.

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A technological infrastructure that combines openness and flexibility with maturity and stability. Interfaces for integrating non-SAP products. Components that can be adapted to meet multiple business requirements. Numerous industry-specific functions.

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SAP business suite (continued)

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Comprises of the following solutions: – SAP ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)

– SAP CRM (Customer Relationship Management) – SAP SRM (Supplier Relationship Management) – SAP SCM (Supply Chain Management) – SAP PLM ( Product Life-Cycle Management) 

One of the major product is SAP NetWeaver.

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Solutions and components

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Many solutions for business challenges are provided in context of mySAP Business Suite. Different solutions therefore

contain, in part, similar components. Components refer to, e.g. an SAP ECC system, an SAP SCM system or also an SAP Business Information Warehouse system.

Source: SAP 24

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Possibilities with SAP business suite

Possible Business Scenarios with SAP Business Suite Source: SAP 25

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Some key features of SAP NetWeavers

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NetWeaver is a technology stack provided by SAP to support SAP Business Suite and its SAP solutions and other SAP products.

SAP Netweaver allows the integration of non-SAP products. Customers can make use of the SAP NetWeaver functions for a specific solution. SAP for Industry solutions, not only provide add-ons to SAP components but also preconfigurations and best practices. mySAP ERP (now SAP ERP 6.0) is available since March 2003. SAP offered a bundle of components supporting ERP business processes. SAP R/3 Enterprise was one of those components. SAP ERP Central Component (ECC) is next step in this evolution.

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R/3 / ECC Releases

Source: SAP 27

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SAP NetWeaver

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SAP NetWeaver is the technical basis of the solutions from mySAP Business Suite and the Composite Applications the SAP xAPPS. It is also the core of the Enterprise Services Architecture, SAP basic concept for Web Service solution. It is the functionally successor of the SAP application platform mySAP Technology and serves the basis for the Enterprise Services Architecture, in order to meet requests for flexibility and integration between systems, interfaces, users and processes. It connects information, business processes and people across system and organizational boundaries. It the central tool for reducing TCO of complex system infrastructure. 28

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Source: SAP

NetWeaver: A snapshot Integration Layer Who would use it? People Integration

What is it? Linking various systems in a unified UI

All users

Information Integration

Managers, Power users, Administrators & Developers

Preparation & consolidation of data & data views

Process Integration

Administrators & Developers

Modeling processes, disturbing & grouping data

Application Platform

Administrators & Developers

Core technology on which all N etWeaver components are built

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Which Component? Enterprise Portal, SAP Mobile Infrastructure Master Data Management, Business Warehousing

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Web Application Server

Integration Levels of SAP NetWeaver

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SAP NetWeaver provides core functions for the technical infrastructure of your business solutions in four integration levels. – People Integration: This ensures the employees to have the information and functions that is required to perform their work as quickly and efficiently as possible. – Information Integration: The Information Integration level provides access to all structured and unstructured information in the company. – Process Integration: Process Integration ensures that business processes run across system boundaries in a heterogeneous system landscape. – Application Platform: With SAP Web Application Server, the Application Platform has J2EE and ABAP runtime environments. Thus it supports Web applications and Web services in an open development environment.

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Integration Levels of SAP NetWeaver

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SAP NetWeaver also supports cross-application software, so-called composite applications or xAPPs. (xAPPs connect heterogeneous systems in continuous cross-function processes so that the underlying applications can be more or less ignored). Different software interfaces ensures full interoperability of applications that are running on Microsoft .NET and IBM WebSphere.

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Components of SAP NetWeaver

Source: SAP 32

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SAP system architecture and WebAS

Source: SAP 33

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SAP system architecture and WebAS (continued)

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The SAP classic system architecture requires a database server, one or more application servers, and one or more (typically hundreds or thousands of) front-end presentation servers. Many of SAP products (including ECC) are build upon powerful platform called Web Application Server, or WebAS. WebAS offers an "open" front-end. Uses the most popular computer communication languages HTML, XML, Web Services, and traditional "SAP."

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It is very helpful for the programmers for customizing.

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WebAS provide an "open" back-end.

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A company deploying it, can navigate a number of different roads.

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Client / server environment

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A standard client/server environment connects workstations, printers, and other client devices to a server.

Source: SAP 35

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Three-tiered architecture

Source: SAP 36

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Three-Tiered architecture (continued)

The three layers are: 

Presentation layer: – The PC-based GUI interface that is used by the end-user community.

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Application layer: – The SAP application servers that service requests for data and manage the interface to the presentation layer.

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Database layer: – The actual DBMS that communicates with the application servers to fulfill their requests for data.

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Three-Tiered architecture (continued)

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Advantages of Three-tier Architectures: – 1. Scalability: Add machines in middle tier to support more users – 2. Portability: It is possible to use different platforms at all levels.

– 3. Interoperability and openness: Middleware serves as platform to integrate and interact with third-party products. – 4. Nice GUIs: Presentation servers can interact with Microsoft Word, Excel, etc.

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The SAP Web as a fixed component of SAP systems

Every SAP system is based on the SAP

Web as

Source: SAP 39

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a runtime environment

SAP Web Application Server (SAP Web AS)

Source: SAP 40

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SAP Web Application Server (SAP Web AS) (continued)

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SAP Web AS is the logical result of further development of the SAP. Application Server Technology (formerly also known as SAP Basis), with particular attention being paid to Web-based applications.

SAP Web Application Server offers: A reliable and thoroughly tested runtime environment, evolved over more than ten years. A framework for executing complex business processes that meets the highest security standards. A reliable and user-friendly development environment. Support for open technical standards, such as: HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, WebDAV, SOAP, SSL, SSO, X.509, Unicode, HTML, XML, and WML. High scalability, inherited from SAP Basis. Support for various operating systems and database systems. 41

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SAP’s release and maintenance strategy

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SAP’s release and maintenance strategy defines how SAP delivers and maintains SAP applications and SAP NetWeaver.

SAP’s release strategy assures the following: – Aligned availability – Availability of country, language, and platform versions – Possibilities for you to participate in different phases of shipment – Well-defined upgrade paths

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SAP’s maintenance strategy provides the following: – Aligned maintenance between SAP applications and SAP NetWeaver

– A three-phase maintenance model to satisfy different customer needs – Well-defined timelines for different maintenance phases

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Release strategy

The release strategy is based on the following principles: 

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You can obtain the entire mySAP Business Suite, individual SAP applications or SAP NetWeaver. SAP applications and SAP NetWeaver have their individual release cycles. Usually, SAP delivers a new release of SAP NetWeaver first, and shortly afterwards, new releases for SAP applications of mySAP Business Suite follow synchronously. SAP always gives you access to the current release of an SAP application and to procedures to upgrade to the current release.

A new release of an SAP application can always be integrated with any release of any other SAP application that is still in mainstream and extended maintenance.

This approach offers you maximal flexibility for continuous improvement. 43

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The Ramp-Up

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Ramp-Up process is SAP’s process of introducing new application releases to the market.

Ramp-Up program provides a risk-free way for you to implement new SAP software as soon as it becomes available. At the beginning of the Ramp-Up process, SAP identifies target industries as well as customers who then implement and use the new release in closely monitored and documented projects. During the Ramp Up, the software is only available for limited circle of customers, customers “apply” at SAP to participate in Ramp-Up. The Ramp-Up servers to take customer wishes into consideration before the respective SAP software is generally available (“unrestricted shipment”). Participants in Ramp-Up are given direct contact to the SAP development and are provided with wide support in implementing the SAP software.

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Maintenance strategy

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The maintenance strategy for cross-industry applications is based on the following principles:

SAP offers three successive maintenance phases: mainstream maintenance, extended maintenance, and customer-specific maintenance. SAP provides support packages during mainstream maintenance and extended maintenance. The delivery frequency of support packages is dependent on the maintenance phase. SAP also provides legal changes to adapt the SAP application to new or changed legal requirements during mainstream and extended maintenance. As part of its release strategy, SAP announces the planned period and scope of mainstream maintenance for a release as soon as the release is announced 5-1-2 maintenance strategy.

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Maintenance strategy (continued)

Source: SAP 46

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The SAP software maintenance strategy for SAP R/3 and mySAP ERP

Source: SAP 47

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Module takeaways

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The SAP system is software which is composed of different software and a server as a whole and has the ability to perform standard business functions for corporations. Its stands for Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing.

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SAP has evolved from a R/2 to R/3 type architecture. SAP Web Application server opens up a variety of new opportunities.

SAP follows a release and maintenance strategy.

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Questions and Answers

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Module 1: Summary

Having completed this module, you should now be able to: 

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Define an ERP

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Relate SAP to an ERP Recognize the evolution of SAP

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Identify the various components of SAP

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Put in your own words the underlying features of SAP Netweaver Categorize various kinds of client-server architecture from a SAP perspective

Analyze SAP’s release as well as maintenance strategy 50

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Day 1: Module map Module 1: Introduction to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Module 2: SAP Project Lifecycle 3 Module 3: SAP Basis Administration

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SAP Project Lifecycle Module 2

Module 2: Objectives

On completion of this module, you should be able to: 

Describe the different phases of SAP Project Lifecycle

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Module 2: Agenda

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Topic 1: SAP Project Lifecycle

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SAP project lifecycle

Evaluations

Project Preparation

Business

Realization

Testing

Blueprint

Final

Go live

Preparations

Sustain/ Support

A typical new SAP implementation lifecycle

Sustain Sustain

Evaluation

Realization

Testing

Final Preparation

A Typical Multiphase SAP Implementation

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Go live

Sustain

The stages of SAP project lifecycle

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The stages are described briefly below: – Evaluation: This may be a decision to choose between different software vendors or selection of products from a single vendor. – Project Preparation: Since a SAP implementation intends to map the organization processes to the ones defined by SAP, the implementation needs to be have on-board people with complete knowledge of the organization business processes. The project preparation phase, amongst other things, aims to identify this team.

– Business Blueprint: What modules of the SAP product would be used and the mapping of the existing business processes to the processes provided by SAP. – Realization: The actual work of adapting the SAP software to be aligned with the organizations business processes is done is this phases. This would include customizing the software and also development of new objects based on requirement.

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The stages of SAP project lifecycle (continued)

– Testing: The changes made in realization phase need to be tested in isolation as well as in a consolidated manner using real life like data. This is done in the testing phase – Final preparation: The production system is prepared using the changes from the

realization & testing phases. Certain activities need to be done directly in the production system as well- these are done during the Final preparation phase. – Go-live: Releasing the productive system to the end-users. The go-live may be done in a Big Bang (all modules at one go) or in a phase-by-phase manner. – Sustain / support: The project now moves into the sustain & maintain phase, where end-users issues would be resolved & ongoing maintenance of the system would be taken care of.

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Module takeaways

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A SAP project lifecycle consists of various stages starting from evaluation to the projects subsequent support.

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Questions and Answers

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Module 2: Summary

Having completed this module, you should now be able to: 

Identify the different phases of SAP Project Lifecycle

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Day 1: Module map Module 1: Introduction to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Module 2: SAP Project Lifecycle 3 Module 3: SAP Basis Administration

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SAP Basis Administration Module 3

Module 3: Objectives

After completion of this module, you should be able to: Recognize the basic tasks related to SAP basis administration 

Interpret how to navigate though the SAP Interface 

Explain SAP GUI Frontend

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Describe a logon group

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Explain how to access help in SAP

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Categorize the important SAP administrative tasks 

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Module 3: Agenda

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Topic 1: Relation between basic task and SAP basis administration Topic 2: Navigation though the SAP interface

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Topic 3: SAP GUI frontend Topic 4: Logon group

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Topic 5: Access help in SAP

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Topic 6: Important SAP administrative tasks

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SAP basis administration

System

Solutions

Architect

Transport Administrator

Specialist

Batch Administrator

Interface Analyst BASIS Consultant

System

Security

Administrator

Specialist

ABAP

SAP DBA DDIC Manager

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Specialist

The symphony System Architect  

Sizing SAP Systems Design SAP Landscape

Transport Admin Change Control Across SAP Landscape

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Batch Admin 

Security Specialist

Solutions Specialist    

Installation of AP/Add-On Migrate OS/DB Upgrade SAP version Archiving of SAP Data

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Analyse and Monitor Interfaces within SAP Landscape System Administrator Maintain System Health Monitor and Tune System Performance  

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Design Monitor and Manage Access to SAP Landscape

ABAP Specialist Troubleshoot and Tune ABAP Programs Apply correction to Programs as per SAP Notes

Interface Analyst 

Create and Manage Batch Jobs across Landscape

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SAP DBA Manage integrity of SAP Database Objects Manage Backups and Restore 

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DDIC Manager Manage Changes to SAP Data Dictionary 

SAP administrator's frequently used transactions

Source: SAP 67

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NAVIGATION in SAP

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Command field The command field is used to enter transaction codes to call a task without having to choose menu options for navigation. Find button This button is used to perform a search for data on the screen in which you are currently working. Create Session button Open a new session by clicking this button. Alternatively, execute /O in the command field, overview of the current session will pop up with option to Generate and End Session. Customizing of Local Layout button This customizing button allows a user to customize SAP GUI display options 68

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SAP GUI (Graphical User Interface)

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It is also known as presentation interface enables the user to interact with the SAP system It implements the graphical user interface using the functions provided by relevant presentation environment.. The following types of SAP GUI are available: – SAP GUI for Windows environment- written in C or C++, runs o Windows-based platforms and supports all transactions in SAP system. The volume of data transferred for each change is generally a few KB hence user can easily connect presentation servers over WANs. – SAP GUI for Java environment is written in Java and is platform independent. It is similar to SAP GUI for Windows. – SAP GUI for HTML consists of Internet Transaction Server (ITS) on the server and Web browser on client end. ITS converts SAP GUI data flow from SAP Web Application Server into HTML and vice-versa. It does not support all the functions in SAP system. Almost no installation is required for SAP GUI for HTML. 69

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SAP GUI (Graphical User Interface)

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Each time you connect to SAP via the SAP GUI user interface you begin a user session. You can have multiple sessions open with multiple SAP components such as SAP ECC, R/3, CRM, and so on or you can open one or more sessions with a single system.

Session number

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Navigation using mouse 

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To select a menu, single-click on the menu to display the various options listed underneath that menu.

Navigation Using the Keyboard – Menus can be selected with the mouse or by using the keyboard. To select menu paths using your keyboard, press F10 (to activate the menu bar), and then use the navigational arrow keys on your keyboard to select and display the menu. – You choose a function by highlighting it with the arrow keys and then pressing Enter. 71

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Different types of SAP GUI Presentation Layer Windows PC SAP GUI

Workstation PC

Terminal Client Terminal server SAP GUI

Windows PC + Browser for SAP GUI for HTML

Java environment SAP GUI

ITS

Application Layer Dispatcher

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IITS

ITS- internet transaction server required to convert SAP GUI data flow from SAP Web Application Server into HTML and back. SAP Basis FastTrak WAS 700

SAP logon program Advance Log-on Configuration

Version number

System ID

Create connection using a log-on group Manually define a new connection

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Create connection to a specific instance

SAP logon program (continued)

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When logging on to an SAP system, you will be prompted to enter the user and password, among other things. If you have implemented a Single Sign-On (SSO) solution, you may not need to enter this information. You also have the option of specifying a client when logging on; the client field usually already contains an appropriate default value i.e. 000, 001, 066. When logging on, you can select a logon language supported by that system. SAP systems can support a large number of languages, the minimum being English and one other selected language. On the logon screen, you also have the option of using the New password pushbutton to change your password, at the most once per day.

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Configuring the SAP logon pad

Meaningful description Host name or IP address Two digit number i.e. 00 Three character SID

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Log-in screen

Force password change is asked by SAP after initial Log-in.

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Calling up functions

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You have several options for navigating in an SAP system: – By entering transaction codes in the command field

Command

– By choosing items from menus field in the menu bar – By choosing items from the favorites list or from the user or SAP menus

SAP Easy Access and Favourites

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Menu

Example: Calling up functions

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/n to cancel the current transaction /nXXXX to call transaction XXXX directly from another transaction.Without the prefix you can only call XXXX from the SAP Easy Access screen.

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/o to display an overview of sessions /oXXXX to call transaction XXXX in a new session directly from another transaction

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/nend to end the logon session with a confirmation dialog box

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/nex to end the logon session without a confirmation dialog box

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/i to delete the session you are currently using

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Favorites management

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The favorites list contains SAP system functions or links to Internet content or to files on the end user's front-end computer. The favorites list, which is initially empty, can be edited by each end user in accordance with his or her preferences. You can only view your own favorites list. The Favorites menu gives you the option of adding a function from the user (or SAP) menu to your personal favorites list by selecting the function and choosing Favorites→Add.

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Using logon group

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You can use the ‘Groups’ button (for group selection) to create a new connection to a system. This connection uses the logon groups concept, meaning that the message server always assigns a new logon to the instance with the best performance in the selected logon group. The configuration file ‘sapmsg.ini’ is evaluated to display the systems available for selection.

The message server of the selected system is queried to discover the available logon groups. So that the connection to the message server of the system specified in sapmsg.ini works, it is necessary for the Microsoft Windows file services to specify the correct message server communication port for the selected system ID. 80

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Using logon group (continued)

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A connection is then created to the relevant host and the message server running on it using the information from sapmsg.ini and services.

Source: SAP

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Without the use of logon group

Source: SAP

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A typical program buffer for each of the 8 instances (refer to the figure in last slide), looks like this. Buffer data will be populated with data of all area. 82

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Program buffer with the use of logon group

More SD programs

More FI programs

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Accessing help

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Sometimes, you might find yourself on a particular SAP screen, wondering what a particular field is used for. In these cases, rather than launching a browser session and logging in to the sap service marketplace, you can instead select the menu path help, extended help from the screen that you have questions about. Your online documentation application launches with topic-specific help related to your current sap screen.

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Accessing help (continued)

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F1 Help. You can access field-specific help by positioning your cursor in an SAP field and pressing the F1 key For example run the transaction PFCG (Profile Generator), click on the Role filed any if there is any confusion in understanding the field press F1.

Performance Assistant will open up to provide for Application, Technical and various other options.

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Accessing help (continued) Application help

Technical help

Glossary

Print

SAP help portal

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Accessing help (continued)

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The Technical Information button provides SAP-specific details regarding the Screen Data (current report name, program name, and screen number), GUI Data (comprised of the GUI's program name and status), Field Data (comprised of the table and field names, and data element), and the Field

Description for Batch Input (comprised of the screen field). The Edit Documentation button allows users with this special access the capability to update and maintain F1-specific documentation. The Glossary button provides a glossary of terms. Like Application Help, though, your System Administrator must set it up. The SAP Help Portal button opens a browser window and connects you to http://help.sap.com (assuming you have an Internet connection). It tells about the possible entries in a field value say role in Role field., desired value can be copied to text box by clicking check mark (green). 87

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Accessing help (continued)

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F4 Help: It tell about the possible entries in a field value say role in Role field., desired value can be copied to text box by clicking check mark (green).

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Important SAP administration tasks

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User list: – The user overview (transaction SM04) displays all users logged on to the local instance. Various administration functions are available here. For example, logging off a user, or displaying an overview of main memory resources requested by

individual sessions. – The global user overview (transaction AL08) on the other hand, does not provide any editing functions, but simply displays a list of all users logged on to the system, sorted by instance.

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Display application servers

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Transaction SM51 displays all instances that are currently active in your SAP system. You can not only access numerous other transactions from here, but also execute them for an application server you have selected from the display.

Goto→ Server information → Queue Information displays a simple and informative overview of the current status (particularly the available capacity) of request queues managed by this instance.

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Background job overview

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Transaction SM37 provides an overview of background jobs that are either planned or have already been executed in the system. You can select these jobs in a variety of ways, for example, using the name of an ABAP program that run in one of the job steps.

Note that you can use the change layout... push button to adapt the quantity of information displayed to your own requirements.

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Manage work processes

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Functions provided in transaction SM50 and transaction SM66 is very similar, global work process overview (SM66) and local work process overview (SM50). The local work process overview (SM50) provides comprehensive information on the work processes configured on an instance, such as their current status, the amount of CPU time required since they started and administration functions (restarting a work process, trace functions). Work processes should always be configured to restart automatically: value .Yes. in Start column.

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Manage work processes (continued)

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Manage lock entries

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Transaction SM12 enables you to view and manage entries in the lock table. The lock table is normally managed by the enqueue work process, in exceptional cases, the administrator may need to intervene.

SM12 displays all entries in the lock table, with a flag in the appropriate column to denote shared locks. Use the Details push button to display additional information, such as the transaction that set the lock. You should only delete locks manually in SM12 in exceptional circumstances and after thorough checks. Locks owned by update work processes are displayed in blue.

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Profile generation and role maintenance

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The Profile Generator, available since SAP R/3 3.1, is used for the structured creation and assignment of authorizations via roles. Apart from the direct user assignment, the indirect user assignment is also supported by means of Organizational Management.

Change roles. modify authorizations

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Manage update records

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In transaction SM13, you have various options for switching to update administration (SM14). SM13 also enables you to reprocess update records if the process was not successful initially. You should not use this option for update records of type V1 ( because V1 is used for critical updates.

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Analyze system log

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Transaction SM21, ( SysLog) enables you to analyze system messages that are recorded in a log file. A distinction is made between messages, warnings, and errors. Entries are correspondingly color-coded. The SysLog allows you to identify the user that triggered the problem, the transaction they were using,

and other details.

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Send system messages

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Transaction SM02: System messages enable you to pass on important system-related (or general) news to the people affected. System messages are displayed for each user the next time they interact with the system, on condition that the messages expiry date has not yet been reached. When

creating system messages, you can not only specify an expiry date, but a client or server. This means that these messages will either be displayed for all users in that client or on that server, or for all users in the whole system.

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Monitoring

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The Computing Center Management System (CCMS) provides a number of important administration functions (RZ20): – System administration (start, stop, reconfigure the system) – Background processing and job scheduling – Printer landscape configuration – System tuning – Database administration (backup and management) – System profile management

– Dynamic load balancing – System monitoring 99

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System monitoring with transaction RZ20 View current system status / open alerts

Virtual monitoring tree element

Monitoring object

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Module takeaways

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The SAP Basis Administrator needs to perform some transaction for regular health check up. The various transactions for checking system log, ABAP dumps, update records, batch jobs have been described to you. You can use SAP Help when you stuck at a menu.

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Questions and Answers

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Module 3: Summary

Having completed this module, you should now be able to: Topic 1: Relation between basic task and SAP basis administration 

Topic 2: Navigation though the SAP interface

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Topic 3: SAP GUI frontend

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Topic 4: Logon group

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Topic 5: Access help in SAP

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Topic 6: Important SAP administrative tasks

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Day 1: Summary

At the end of day 1, we see that you are now able to: 

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Define and analyze Enterprise Resource Planning Identify the different phases of SAP Project Lifecycle Explain SAP Basis Administration

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