Introduction to drilling engineering

Petroleum Engineering

Drilling  Engineering:  Introduc1on     Kanad  Kulkarni   27  09  2013  

Lecturer   Kanad Kulkarni, Lecturer, PhD Petroleum Engineering ( On-going ) MSc Petroleum Engineering, MSc Geology Director , SPE London Board University Lead SPE- YP London Unit Code : ENG 592 Email: [email protected]

Text  Books  and  Teaching  materials   Ø Azar  J.  J.  and  G.  Robello  Samuel,  2007,  Drilling   Engineering,  PennWell  Books       Ø Bourgoyne  Jr,  A.T.,  Millheim,  K.K.,  Chenevert.  M.E.   &  Young  Jr.,  F.S.,,  1986,  Applied  Drilling   Engineering,  Society  of  Petroleum  Engineers,  SPE   textbook  series     Ø Lyson,  W  2009  Air  and  Gas  Drilling  Manual     Ø Mitchell  ,  R  and  Miska  ,S  Fundamentals  of  Drilling   Engineering    

 

Text  Books  and  Teaching  materials Ø Joshi  S  1991  Horizontal  Well  Technology   Ø PPT,  handouts  and  lecture  notes   Ø Other  indicaVve  readings  as  in  UDs  

Videos The drilling operation and horizontal directional drilling http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3n7sPYytQY&feature=related Deepwater Horizon Blow-out BP video http://www.youtube.com/watch? NR=1&v=zE_uHq36DLU&feature=endscreen Blowout preventer Deepwater Horizon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBQdTv7bspM&feature=related Blowout http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgL_KywKLwM&feature=related

Making up drill-pipe http://www.youtube.com/watch? feature=endscreen&v=kvIuRdEZe0U&NR=1 Pulling a stand of pipe in the Derrick on Monkey Board http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-aYNMjrgPs&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch? feature=endscreen&v=AA7xYAq031Q&NR=1 Automated drilling rig http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P69LDLHAN9g&feature=related Running in hole http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7BZ25SzXmkM&feature=related Setting BOP on seabed (animation) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPOi1WYTf2c&feature=related

Mud motors http://www.youtube.com/watchv=mpXHEPm2G1s&feature=related Bit types http://www.youtube.com/watch? NR=1&v=hLfYOxRUTY&feature=endscreen Casing Cementation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4K8BCAZzRE

Teaching  and  Learning   Ø Pre-­‐requisites:  all  units  in  year  one   Ø Lectures,  tutorial/lab  experiments  (log  book)   Ø Total  teaching  hours  60  hrs  for  two   semester  (  36  hrs  for  lectures  and  12  Hrs  for   tutorials  hr  each  week  and  12  hrs  for  lab   experiments,  2  hrs  each)       Ø Teaching  materials  will  be  available  on   Moodle   Ø Self-­‐learning  120-­‐140  hrs  

Schedule  and  Loca1on    

Ø   Time:  4.00-­‐6.00  PM.  Friday  (12  weeks)   Ø Room:  A  0.11   Ø Tutorials(  TBC)   Ø (  locaVon  to  be  confirmed)       Ø Laboratory  work    on  Friday  11:00  A.M.-­‐1.00   P.M.   Ø Office  hours:  by  appointment   Ø NoVce/lecture  change  will  be  sent  by  email  

Credits  and  Grading     Ø A  closed  book  exminaVon  of  2  hrs  in  the   end  of  the  academic  year  (60%)   Ø Two  reports  of  1000  words  plus  diagram   covering  all  six  experiments  (40%)  (log   book)   Ø   Overall  minimum  marks  40%  and   threshold  30%    from  examinaVon  and   Coursework  and  Lab  reports.  

Policy    

Ø No  late  laboratory  reports/course  work  submission   (To  school  office)   Ø No  make-­‐up  exams  except  by  the  prior  approval  by   the  school  (Lab  experiments  cannot  be  made  up)   Ø Aeending  class  on  Vme  with  15  minutes  spare  at   the  start.   Ø Class  registraVon  required   Ø No  absence  of  class  except  by  prior  approval  by  the   school  

Petroleum  Produc1on  System  

Drilling  Engineering     Boreholes  are  made  to  recover  oil  and  gas   using  a  machine  known  as  a  drilling  rig.     They  can  be  mobile  equipment  mounted  on   trucks,  tracks  or  trailers,  or  more  permanent   land-­‐  or  marine-­‐based  structures  (such  as  oil   plagorms,  commonly  called  ‘‘offshore  oil   rigs’’).  The  term  ‘‘rig’’  refers  to  the  complex   of  equipment  that  is  used  to  penetrate  the   surface  of  the  Earth’s  crust.  

Drilling  Engineering     Larger,  more  fixed  installaVons  are  capable  of   drilling  through  thousands  of  meters  of  the   Earth’s  crust.  Large  ‘‘mud  pumps’’  circulate   drilling  mud  (slurry)  through  the  drill  bit  and   the  casing,  for  cooling  and  removing  the   ‘‘cuings’’   while   a   well   is   being   drilled.   Hoists   in  the  rig  can  lij  hundreds  of  tons  of  pipe.  

Drilling  Engineering     Other  equipment  can  force  acid  or  sand  into   reservoirs  to  facilitate  extracVon  of  the  oil  or   mineral  sample.  Marine  rigs  may  operate  many   hundreds  of  miles  or  kilometers  offshore  with   infrequent  crew  rotaVon  

A  Typical  Onshore  Drilling  Rig   Diagram taken from Wikipedia: http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Drilling_rig

The Mud Circulation System Swivel

Mud pumps

Mud pit Shale shaker

During drilling, mud is circulated, down the drill string through the bit and back up along the annulus. At surface, the mud is passed over the shale shaker to remove cuttings. Other equipment such as hydrocyclones, centrifuges and settling tanks may be required to meet the optimum solids level.

An  Offshore  Drilling  Rig  

An  Offshore  Drilling  Rig  

An  Offshore  Drilling  Rig  

Offshore  Drilling  Rigs  

Aims   Ø To  develop  and  integrated  understanding  of   various  oil  and  gas  well  drilling  techniques,   various    components    of  a  drilling  rig  and   their  principles  of  operaVon.   Ø To  provide  student  with  an  understanding    of   DirecVonal  /  Inclines/  horizontal  drilling   techniques  and  their  applicaVons  

Aims   Ø To  explore  the  funcVons  of  the  drilling  fluids   and  test  their  pracVcal  applicaVons  through   the  laboratory  experimentaVon  / demonstraVon.   Ø Drilling  fluids  and  test  their  pracVcal   applicaVons  through  the  laboratory   experimentaVon/demonstraVons  

Learning  Outcome   Ø Explain  the  various  components  of  an  oil/  gas  well   drilling  rig  and  the  respecVve  drilling  operaVons.   Ø Develop  a  methodology  for  the  drill-­‐  string  and   casing  design     Ø Develop  a  strategy  for  a  well  control  based  on   rheological  models  and  drilling  hydraulics   procedures  and  the  API  recommended  pracVces.  

Learning  Outcome   Ø Carry  out  necessary  calculaVons  for  tasks   associated    with  the  drilling  rig   Ø Evaluate  funcVons  of  the  drilling  fluid,  their   preparaVon,  types  and  laboratory  analysis   mimicking  pracVcal  applicaVons  which  include   measurements  of  the    density,  viscosity,  sand   content,  filtraVon  rate  and  alkalinity.  

Tenta1ve  Teaching  Program   Ø Oil  well  drilling  operaVons:  Types  of  drilling   rigs,  rotary  drilling  rig  components  -­‐  rig   power  system,  hoisVng  system,  rotaVng   system,  circulaVng  system,  well-­‐monitoring   system  and  well  control  system  (3  weeks)   Ø Drilling  fluids  and  cementaVon:  types  of   drilling  fluids,  their  funcVons,  composiVon  of   cements,  standardizaVon  and  placement   techniques  (4  weeks)  

Tenta1ve  Teaching  Program   Ø Drilling  hydraulics    (3  Weeks)   Ø Drill  string  design  (3  weeks)   Ø Casing  Design  (3  weeks)   Ø Methods  of  drilling  and  associated   problems  (3  weeks)   Ø DirecVonal  drilling  techniques  (2  weeks)

Systems  of  Basic  Units  in  Engineering   Ø IS  System  of  Units:  meter  (m)-­‐kilogram  (kg)-­‐ second  (s).  The  basic  quanVVes  include  meter   (m),  second  (s),  kilogram  (kg)   Ø CGS  System  of  Units:  cenVmeter  (cm)-­‐gram   (g)-­‐second  (s)     Ø English  FPS  System  of  Units:    the  English  foot   (F)-­‐pound  (lb)-­‐second  (s)   Ø USCS  (United  States  Customary  System   Units)/Imperial  System  of  Units  

Learning  Outcomes   Ø Unit  introducVon  and  rules   Ø Teaching  and  learning  program   Ø Drilling  rig  brief   Ø Engineering  units