Islamabad Electric Supply Company Limited
IESCO
“Advanced Metering Infrastructure December 2016" 2016" 1.
Lecture Name Rational of Advance Metering Infrastructure in Pakistan
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Prepared By Name: Muhammad Ibrar (TE), IESCO Contact: Phone:
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[email protected] 03453971985
Lecture Description(Detailed Description(Detailed Contents of the Course)
Lecture Comprises of 8 Questions and there Detailed answers.
Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8.
What is AMI? What are the technology options for AMI? Why should AMI be implemented? What does AMI do? Will it Cost any Security Issues? Iss ues? What are the benefits of AMI? What barriers impact successful deployment of AMI? What are some experiences with AMI to date?
Summary AMI is not a single technology, but rather an integration of many technologies that provides an intelligent connection between consumers and system operators. The principal problem affecting Pakistan’s power sector is the fact that power generation capacity has not been able to assimilate the demand growth causing shortages in electricity electricity supply supply and the transmission transmission grid is not up to that that level to deliver. Management of both entities is very need of the time. Implementation of AMI is not going to increase generation capacity but it is only making the current transmission grid smart so that we can Manage the technical and non-technical losses. Smart meters provide continuous information about the state of different points in the network, which allows detecting technical and non-technical losses reducing the level of it. According to feasibility report which was conducted by international consultants, “it is necessary to note that 1% of losses reduction can be estimated as 60 million USD$”. For now Utility is facing main non-technical loss is theft, collection etc and technical losses are system overloads and imbalanced loads on distribution transformers transformers etc. so the smart meter is very effective tool to overcome the problems for long terms. The architecture architecture is five layer architecture and most of the communication communication Technology is covered by PLC and remaining is GPRS. Utility is now working to make it better for consumers due to rapid evaluation of technology. This document is brief discussion about technical elements which together delivers the purpose of AMI.
What is AMI? Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) refers to systems that measure, collect and analyze energy usage, from advanced devices such as electricity meters, gas meters, and water meters through various communication communica tion media. AMI is not a single technology implementation, but rather a fully configured infrastructure must be integrated into existing and new utility processes and applications. Infrastructure systemthat includes following Elements
Smart Meters In-house Display Communications Communica tions PLC, Fibre Optics or xDSL, RF and Public N/W etc Data Concentrator Unit – Unit – DCU DCU or Routers. Head End System – System – HES HES Meter Data Management System – System – MDMS MDMS Databases. Time synchronization system. system. Interfaces between MDMS and other company’s systems (Billing System, CIS, etc.) CIS, etc.) Firewalls. Billing and Customer Information Systems. In the case of Pakistan, this is part of the scope.
Additionally, a very communicate “intelligent” step toward modernizing thethe entire system. At system. At the consumer AMI level,provides smart meters consumption data to both userpower and the service provider. Smart meters communicate communicate with in home displays (IHD) to make consumers consumers more aware of their energy usage. Infrastructure process the AMI retrieved data in ways that enable more intelligent energy consumption decisions, even providing interactive i nteractive services like prepayment. The utility employs enhanced or new back office systems that collect and analyze AMI data to help optimize operations, economics and consumer service. For example, AMI provides immediate feedback on consumer outages and power quality, enabling the service provider to rapidly address grid deficiencies. The vast amount of new data flowing from AMI allows improved management of utility assets as well as better planning of asset maintenance, additions and replacements. replacements. The resulting more efficient and reliable grid is one of AMI’s many benefits. benefits.
What are the technology options for AMI? As discussed earlier that AMI is not a single technology implementation, but it is combination of few technology which together delivers the propose of deployment. Those few technologies are given and discussed here.
Smart meters Wide-area comms. Home area networks (HANs) Meter Data Management Systems (MDMS) Operational Gateways
Smart Meters Current Digital Meter just served as measuring devices, the consumed power is recorded and displayed so that meter readers can collect the readings. And in contrary the New Smart Meters features many functions, which includes
1. Automatic or on Demand Collection of 2. Power Quality Analysis Power Data 3. Demand Side Management 4. Use of Flexible Tariffs 5. Internal Memory 6. Automatic Change of Seasonable Timetable 7. Disconnect Element 8. Interoperability 9. Comms. 10. Anti-Tampering and Registration of events and Alarms 11. Data Security 12. Internal Diagnosis 13. Firmware Upgrade 14. Meter Repeater 15. Integration with Future Smart Grids 16. Plug and Play 17. Prepaym Prepayment ent Information Display
Comms: Features mentioned earlier requires continues connection connection between utility and customer. Most of major deployment over the world focused and Used the PLC. But other options are also available which can we used to suit our issues. Few of them are listed below. Power Line Carrier (PLC) Broadband over power lines (BPL) Copper or optical fiber Wireless (Radio frequency), either centralized or a distributed mesh Internet and some of utilities uses Combinations of the above.
HOME AREA NETWORKS (HAN): Management Managem ent is issue with both customer and utility. Overcoming needs two way connection between Utility and Customer. So to cover management management issue the following elements has been added to Current deployment of AMI, In Home Displays (IHD): consumer always knows what energy is being used and what it is costing. Set points that limit utility or local control actions tto o a consumer specified band :Dema :Demand nd Side Management Control of loads without continuing consumer consumer involvement. So the HAN provides smart smart interface b/w utility and consumer and ac acts ts as Agent. Can be used for security.
METER DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (MDMS) One of the primary functions of an MDMS is to perform validation, editing and estimation (VEE) on the AMI data to ensure that despite disruptions in the communications network or at customer premises, the data flowing to the systems described above is complete and accurate. accurate. Workable Features assigned to MDMS are, Data Preliminary Check: Fetched Data from meter will be compared to Previous Consumer Records to avoid errors(if any) by Comms. User Management: The user management should ensure that authorized persons have access to the system only. Device or Asset Managem Management: ent: Master Data Data synchronized synchronized b/w HES, MDMS MDMS and Billing Billing Sys. HES Management: MDMS access devices through HES. Meter Data Storage: Data stored and segmented segmented so that access is provided to certain data segments. Time Series Processing: Broken entity might send malfunctioned data. Corrected by check meter or once again transferring of the same data. Balances or Loss calculation: Comparison of Feed Feed energy energy to Grid Station and how how much energy is consumed. Disconn./Rec Disconn./Reconnection: onnection: Pay your Bills on time. Event and Alarm Processing Processing:: Abnormal Situations are detected and followed by appropriate action. MDMS is responsible for actions taken.
Why should AMI be implemented? / Rational for AMI in Pakistan Issues faced by Consumer and Utility, are listed and addressed below. Energy Supply: High Load shedding and Eventual Voltage Problems in some feeders. Comme Commercial rcial services: services: Accuracy of Bills and and Level Level of S Service ervice because of lack of Info. AT&C losses: Improvements Improvements in the past years but trend is still not appreciable. appreciable.
O&M: Any improvement improvements s will be within welcomed. Based on mentioned main problems, targets are envisaged development of technical solutions for AMI implementation on Pakistan. Energy Losses Reduction Demand side management Information collection for assets management management Information collection for planning planning Sanctioned demand Control O&M cost reduction
What does AMI do? In short, Enables a two-way flow of information between consumers consumers and utilities
proliferation of demand response Enables Allows service provider to control consumers’ electricity usage (load control) control) Facilitates Smart Grid deployment and distributed generation
Will it Cost any Security Issues? 1. Privacy 3. Exposure to cyber terrorism
5. Curious eavesdroppers eavesdroppers 7. Motivated eavesdroppers eavesdroppers
2. Unethical customers 4. Overly intrusive meter data management agency 6. Active attackers 8. Publicity seekers
The meter and the entire ent ire system must have iintegrated ntegrated securi security ty of transmitted transmit ted data against unauthorized access, for example, authentication, unauthorized reading, unauthorized command generating, and the malicious delivery of false data, as well as against spying out the line of communication. The exchange of data between the meters and the metering data management system shall be encrypted. Smart meters deal with private customer information, which require r equire assured security measures measures against the threats of illegal access, leaks or alteration of information and so on. The smart meter shall have a programmable programmable facility to restrict access access to the information information recorded. recorded. Thus there are are few measures taken to avoid such events. *Privacy: Can determine if someone is home and Can determine usage patterns.
What are the benefits of AMI? So the discussion concludes that the Investm Investment ent program will have four O/P's which in turn brings four major reforms to utility. Following Foll owing table addresses both.
Investment Outputs
Improvements
AMI & Communication Equipment Installation MDMS Developed & Operational. Billing & CIS installed inst alled & Operational Loss Reduction strategy & Monitoring Procedures.
Metering accuracy & Reliability Anti-Tampering Anti-Tampe ring & fault detection. Tariff Collection and billing efficiency Load monitoring and management
WHAT BARRIERS IMPACT SUCCESSFUL DEPLOYMENT OF AMI? Implementation of AMI is not without obstacles, brief discussion has been made here to address each Implementation problem,
The Meter reading staff could pose threat to project through social unrest and protests. Consumers involved in illegal practices in the old system may attempt to disrupt the AMI
operations to escape controls and theft detection. Social unrest due to lack of understanding of the new AMI concept, a general awareness campaign campaig n needs to be launched by DISCOs to avoid it. It is a challenge challenge to “fix a moving train.” Utilities cannot turn off the power for a year or two while they install upgrades.
What are some experiences with AMI to date? Some utilities have been moving in the direction of AMI for a number of years. As their experience has grown, so has their insight into the advantages of moving beyond AMR to AMI and eventually to smart AMI systems. systems. The following are AMI deployments and evolution of technology our years. This strongly suggests that AMI systems that have the flexibility to readily accommodate new Applications will prove to be the best long-term investments. Close Coordination and cooperation between state regulators and utilities is a key To a smooth, successful AMI deployment. Internationally, there are a number of AMI installations, as described in the following list Italy’s Enel has installed over 27 million communicating -state meters. (completed in communicating solid solid-state 2006 – 2006 – 4 4 year ROI) Sweden’s Vattenfall Vattenfall is in middle of rolling out 600,000 advanced meters and E.ON Sweden is in the early stages of rolling out 370,000 advanced meters. The Netherlands government government has announced its intent tto o replace all 7.5 million electric meters in the country by the end of 2012. In Austria, Linz STROM recently announced plans to deploy advanced meters to 75,000 of its it s
customers. In Canada, Hydro One has begun installation of smart meters in southern Ontario and expects
to complete the installation of 1.3 million throughout its service territory by 2010. Norway recently recently announced announced a smart meter meter roll-out to 2.6 million customers customers by 201 2013. 3. Australia/United Kingdom and others.
