Introduction - Soil Mechanics Notes

 

UBHA FCE@GIHEU

Hitrbmuethbi G. Nbu Nbuimgt imgthbi hbi Cilhi Cilhiccrhi ccrhil l gim Ubha Ubha Fce`gi Fce`gihes hes Ubha hs mcnhicm gi uiecfcitcm gllrclgtc bn fhicrga Ubha hs lrghis gim mcegycm brlgihe fgttcr (sbahm pgrtheacs) wht` ahquhm gim lgs hi t`c cfpty spgecs jctwcci t`c sbahm pgrtheacs, gim ht suppbrts strueturga nbuimgthbis.

ebfpbshthbi bn t`c pgrcit rbek. ]`c fghi glcits rcspbishjac nbr t`hs prbecss grc cxnbahgthbi, uiabgmhil, crbshbi, nrcczhil, gim t`gwhil. E`cfhega wcgt`crhil eguscs jbt` rcmuethbi hi shzc gim e`cfhega gatcrgthbi bn t`c brhlhiga pgrcit rbek. ]`c fghi glcits rcspbishjac nbr  e`cfhega wcgt`crhil grc `ymrgthbi, egrjbigthbi, gim bxhmgthbi. Bntci, e`cfhega gim p`yshega wcgt`crhil tgkcs pagec hi ebiecrt. Ubhas t`gt rcfghi gt t`c shtc bn wcgt`crhil grc egaacm rcshmuga sbhas br trgispbrtcm sbhas.

Ubha Fce`gihes hs Fce`gihes hs t`c jrgie` bn sehciec t`gt mcgas wht` t`c stumy bn t`c p`yshega prbpcrthcs bn sbha gim t`c jc`gvhbr bn sbha fgsscs sujocetcm tb vgrhbus typcs bn nbrecs.

 G ehvha cilhiccr  hs  hs ebiecricm fghiay wht` 74-fctcr tb 73-fctcr tbp fgitac bn sbha hi mcgahil wht` sfgaa gim fcmhuf shzcm prbocets.

Ubhas Cilhiccrhil hs Cilhiccrhil hs t`c gppahegthbi bn t`c prhiehpacs bn sbha fce`gihes tb prgethega prbjacfs.

 Gaa sbhas grc grc mcrhvcm nrbf hhlicbus, licbus, scebimgry br fctgfbrp`he rbeks. ]`c rbeks grc wcgt`crcm jcegusc bn  prbecss bn fce`gihega mhshitclrgthbi, e`cfhega mcebfpbshthbi gim sbauthbi. ]`c prbecss bn rbek wcgt`crhil hs gnncetcm jy eahfgthe gim bt`cr ebimhthbis surrbuimhil t`c rbek uimcrlbhil gatcrgthbi. Ubha fgy gasb vgry nrbf agrlc shzc jbuamcrs tb sfgaa erystgas bn eagy fhicrgas.

Lcbtce`ihega Cilhiccrhil hs Cilhiccrhil hs mcnhicm gs suj mhsehpahic bn ehvha cilhiccrhil t`gt hivbavcs igturga fgtcrhgas nbuim eabsc tb t`c surngec bn t`c cgrt`. Ht hieaumcs t`c gppahegthbi bn t`c prhiehpacs bn sbha fce`gihes gim rbek fce`gihes tb t`c mcshli bn nbuimgthbis, rctghihil strueturcs gim cgrt` strueturcs. Nbuimgthbi Cilhiccrhil Cilhiccrhil hs  hs t`c jrgie` bn fghitcigiec cilhiccrhil w`he` mcgas wht` mcshli, ebistruethbi gim bn s`gaabw nbbthils gim mccp nbuimgthbis gim bt`cr strueturga fcfjcrs w`he` ebfprhsc nbuimgthbi bn juhamhils gim bt`cr cilhiccrhil strueturcs. Ht gasb hieaumcs hivcsthlgthbi bn shtcs nbr nbuimgthbi purpbscs. Kgra ]crzgl`h hs ]crzgl`h hs kibwi gs t`c ‑Ngt`cr bn Ubha Fce`gihes.‖ J. Mcn Mcnhi hihth hthbi bi bn bn Ubha Ubha gim gim Zbek Zbek 7. Zb Zbek ek E Eyea yeac c gi gim m t`c t`c Brhlh Brhlhi ib bnn Ub Ubha ha Ubha hs mcnhicm gs g igturga gllrclgtc bn fhicrga lrghis, absc br fbmcrgtcay eb`cshvc, hibrlgihe hi igturc, t`gt `gvc t`c egpgehty bn jchil scpgrgtcm jy fcgis bn shfpac fce`gihega prbecss, c.l. jy glhtgthbi hi wgtcr. ]`hs mcnhihthbi hs ibt t`c sgfc jy t`c glrheuaturhst br t`c lcbablhst. ]b t`c glrheuaturhst abbsc fgitac gt t`c surngec bn t`c cgrt` w`he` hs egpgjac bn suppbrthil pagit ahnc ebishsts bn sbha; gim shfhagray, tb t`c lcbablhst, t`c sbha hs t`gt fgtcrhga nbuim hi t`c rcagthvcay t`hi surngec zbic wht` hi w`he` rbbts beeur. Zbek hs mcnhicm gs `grm gim ebfpget igturga gllrclgtcs Zbek hs bn fhicrga lrghis ecfcitcm jy strbil gim fbrc br acss pcrfgicit jbims. :. Ub Ubha ha Nbr Nbrfg fgth thbi bi gim gim Zb Zbek ek Ubhas grc nbrfcm nrbf t`c p`yshega gim e`cfhega Ubhas grc wcgt`crhil bn rbeks. T`yshega wcgt`crhil hivbavcs rcmuethbi bn shzc wht`but giy e`gilc hi t`c brhlhiga

]`c sgims (ebgrsc sgims (ebgrsc pgrtheacs), shats gim eagys (nhic pgrtheacs) rcsuathil nrbf t`c mhshitclrgthbi bn rbek fgy stgy gt t`c pagec bn t`chr nbrfgthbi. ]`csc grc kibwi gs rcshmuga sbhas. Hn t`csc sbhas grc egrrhcm gwgy jy nbrecs bn  lrgvhty, wgtcr, whim gim hec mcpbshtcm gt gibt`cr abegthbi, t`cy grc kibwi gs trgispbrtcm sbhas. 5. ]`rcc ]`rcc (5) Jgs Jgshe he ]ypcs ]ypcs bn Zbeks Zbeks Hlicbus rbeks grc rbeks grc nbrfcm jy sbahmhnhegth sbahmhnhegthbi bi bn fbatci fglfg cocetcm nrbf mccp wht`hi t`c cgrt`‘s fgitac. Ucmhfcitgry rbeks grc rbeks grc mcpbshts bn lrgvca, sgim, shat gim eagy nbrfcm jy wcgt`crhil fgy jcebfc ebfpgetcm jy bvcrjurmci prcssurc gim ecfcitcm jy glcits ahkc hrbi bxhmc, egaehtc, mbabfhtc gim qugrtz. Fctgfbrp`he Fctgfbrp`h e rbeks grc rbeks grc cht`cr hlicbus br scmhfcitgry rbeks t`gt `gvc uimcrlbic ebishmcrgjac hi t`chr ebisthtuthbi, hi t`chr s`gpc, strueturc gim sbfcthfcs cvci hi t`chr fhicrga ebfpbshthbi. Zbek Eyeac Trbecss =. \cgt gt` `crhil hs t`c prbecss bn jrcgkhil mbwi rbeks jy fce`gihega gim e`cfhega prbecsscs hitb sfgaacr phcecs. ]wb typcs bn \cgt`crhil Fce`gihega wcgt`crhilwcgt`crhil- fgy jc eguscm jy t`c cxpgishbi gim ebitrgethbi bn rbeks nrbf t`c ebithiubus lghi gim abss bn `cgt, w`he` rcsuats hi uathfgtc mhshitclrgthbi. E`cfhega wcgt`crhilwcgt`crhil- t`c brhlhiga rbek fhicrgas grc trgisnbrfcm hitb icw fhicrgas jy e`cfhega rcgethbi.

 

UBHA FCE@GIHEU rbek. 3.

Trbmuets bn \cgt`crhil br Zcshmuga Ubhas

  g. j. e. m. c. n.

Lagehga sbhas ― nbrfcm jy trgispbrtgthbi gim mcpbshthbi bn lagehcrs.  Gaauvhga sbhas sbhas br Nauvhga sbhas ― trgispbrtcm trgispbrtcm jy ruiihil wgtcr gim mcpbshtcm gabil strcgfs. Ageustrhic sbhas ― nbrfcm jy mcpbshthbi hi quhct agkcs. Fgrhic sbhas ―nbrfcm jy mcpbshthbi hi t`c scgs.  Gcbahgi sbhas ― trgispbrtcm gim mcpbshtcm mcpbshtcm jy whim. Ebaauvhga sbhas ― nbrfcm jy fbvcfcit bn sbha nrbf hts brhlhiga pagec jy lrgvhty, sue` gs murhil agimsahmcs.

Zbuimcm gim/br giluagr juaky `grm rbek.

Ugim

Tgrtheacs sfgaacr t`gi 4.4. Fg Fgob obrr M Mhv hvhs hshb hbi ib bnn U Ubh bhaa  G sbha sbha hs  hs ebishmcrcm gs ebgrsc lrghicm hn hts himhvhmuga pgrtheac hs vhshjac tb uighmcm cycs.  G sbha sbha hs  hs sghm tb jc nhic lrghicm hn hts himhvhmuga pgrtheac hs ibt vhshjac tb uighmcm cycs. Brlgihe sbhas grc sbhas grc t`bsc w`he` ebitghi gi gfbuit bn mcegycm gihfgas gim/ br pagit fgttcr  Trhiehpga ]ypcs bn Ubha, Mcserhpthbi, gim Gvcrglc Lrghi Uhzcs Geebrmhil tb Sihnhcm Ubha Eagsshnhegthbi Uystcf (SUEU)

Tgrtheac Uhzc Eagsshnhegthbi Lrgvca

Mcserhpthbi Zbuimcm gim/br giluagr juaky

Gvcrglc Lrghi Uhzc (ff) Ebgrsc?