Introduction and Conclusion

Introduction Electrical wiring distribution is the system of electrical distribution from one substation to the household applications such as lights and fans which move through several parts of the system. It is the final stage in the delivery of electricity to end users. A distribution system's network will carries the electricity from the transmission system and delivers it to consumers. Typically, the network consists of medium-voltage (less than 50 kV) power lines, substations and pole-mounted transformers, low-voltage (less than 1 kV) distribution wiring and sometimes meters. Electricity can be generated through several generators, like in the nuclear power plant, hydropower plant and wind power plant. The electricity then can be transmitted to the substation through the transmission lines. It then be distributed to sub transmission customer, primary customer, secondary customer and so on. In the early ages, the transmissions of electricity is in the form of direct currents. So direct current generators is connected to send out the same voltage. Between the transmissions of electricity, losses occurred. The losses in a cable are proportional to the square of the current, the length of the connection, and the resistivity of the material, and are inversely proportional to cross-sectional area. Direct current generating plants usually in the range of 1.5 miles to the farthest customer to avoid massive losses and expensive conductors. Nowadays the electrical distribution used the alternating current flow because its dominant form. Transformers is installed at power stations to increase the voltage from the generators, and decrease it when electricity arrived at the local substation. The alternating current is much economical and much efficient compared to the direct current form. Basically in the rural area, the voltage used to be transferred in large quantity compared to the urban area. This is because the large distant covered in the rural area, that mostly have green and woods (forest). Ground connection in the distribution system usually required to limit the voltage that may develop if high voltage conductors fall on the lower-voltage conductors, or if a failure occurs within a distribution transformer. Too much ground connection at the same area can lead to stray voltage, which can transfer the voltage to other ground object like water piping.

Conclusion In the nutshell, we learned a lot of about the components in the electricity distribution mechanism. It is important to know the components of each wiring distribution, the real function of it. As a civil engineer, wiring distribution is really significant, especially when a structure is about to be constructed. What should have in a building, the function of it, will determine the functionality of the building. If the wiring of the building is neglected or taken care-less, problem in or outside of the structure might occur. Wrong wiring is the small cause of short circuit. Short circuit inside a building can lead to bigger disaster, like burning or fire. This is extremely must be avoided. We also learned that a proper wiring distribution can help civilian to repair or change the wiring system if any defect happens. Example like what switch should be turned off in the distribution board, in order to change a socket. In the end, we obtained the positive learning outcomes of the assignment.