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  Fbtrniuoofÿb k `k quáafok ie `ns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb

Anrebn Espfbnsk Jessfok Bktk`fk Bfetn K`hnbsn _eckstfkb

@ufs Eiukrin Weûk

Ubfversfiki Ifstrftk` Hrkbofson Jnsæ ie Ok`iks

37;6

 

 

Ábifoe ;. Fbtr Fbtrnniuo iuoofÿ ofÿb 3. Bú Búae aern rn iiee on onnr nrif ifbk bkof ofÿb ÿb 3.;.Búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb ouktrn 3.3.Búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb sefs ?. @fdkbin ?.;.O`ksfhfokofÿb ie `ns `fdkbins 9. Eb Eb`k `koe oe aetk aetk`-` `-`fd fdkb kbin in 5. Yen Yenrák rák ie oonnr nnrifb ifbkof kofÿb ÿb ie K`hre K`hreii Terb Terber er 8. Bnaeb Bnaebo`ktu o`kturk rk iiee `ns onap onapuest uestns ns iiee onnrifb onnrifbkofÿb kofÿb 8.;.Sed`ks pkrk hnrau`kr ub onapuestn ie onnrifbkofÿb 8.;.;. 8.; .;. Eso Esorft rfturk urk ie` ona onapue puestn stn 8.;.3. 8.;. 3. Bnacr Bnacrkafe kafebtn btn iie` e` onapu onapuestn estn ie oonnrif nnrifbkofÿ bkofÿbb 4. Eb`ko Eb`koee quáafon quáafon eebb `ns onapuestn onapuestnss ie oonnri nnrifbkof fbkofÿb ÿb 4.;.Yenrák ie` eb`koe ie vk`ebofk 4.3.Yenrák ie` okapn orfstk`fbn 4. 4.3. 3.;; Iesi esinc nc`k `kaf afeebtn btn  y ebe eberdák rdák ie ies esin incc`kaf `kafeebt btnn ie ie`` ok okap apnn orf rfst stkk`f `fbbn (p (pkkrk okapns apns notkæirfons y tetrkæirfons) 4.3.3. On`nr eb `ns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb 4.?. Yenrák ie nrcftk`es an`eou`kres =. Onbo`usfnbes 6. Cfc`fndrkhák

 

  ;. Fb Fbtr trni niu uoofÿ oofÿb b

‐Ub onapuestn  ie onnrifbkofÿb es ubk espeofe beutrk que onbtfebe ubn n aës fnbes onap`ejns. @ns  aetk`es ie trkbsfofÿb tfebeb ubk tebiebofk pkrtfou`kr k hnrakr fnbes onap`ejns, que  k su vez se onacfbkb onb ntrns fnbes n fnbes onap`ejns pkrk hnrakr  ona napu pueestns stns ie  onnr onnriifbk fbkofÿ ofÿb. @k @kss an`æ n`æou`k ou`kss n fnb fnbes que rn rniiek ekbb k` aetk aetk`` eb ub fn fnbb on onap ap`e `ejn jn obe.ud tn.ax. ax. s,h). Estn ``e se iebn iebnaf afbk bkbb  `fd `fdkb kbte tess n `fd `fdkb kbin ins‑ s‑(( I `evvk k `k hnrakofÿb ie ub eb`koe   obe   .udtn. onv nvkk`eb `ebte onnr onnriifbk fbkin  n iktf iktfvvn. E` ëtnan tnan oebt oebtrk rk`` iec iece ifspn fspnbber ie nrc rcft ftk` k`ees vko koán ánss on onbb e` hf hfbb

ie koeptk eptkrr  pkre kres ie e`eo `eotrnb trnbes es,, est stnns sue`e ue`ebb se serr `ns `ns aetk aetk`e `ess ie tr trkkbs bsfo fofÿ fÿbb `n `nss pues pre ressebt btkkb estk tebiebofk,  yk que `ns oktfnbes ie `ns drupns ; y 3 ouebtkb onb nrcftk`es ie pnok ifspnsfofÿb k okptkr e`eotrnbes pnr ebie pnok tebiebofk k hnrakr fnbes onap`ejns. _e ifoe que `ns `fdkbins se onnrifbkb k` aetk`, hnrakb hnrakbin in `k esherk ie onnrifbkofÿb ie` onap`ejn. E` onbjubtn pueie ser beutrn, oktfÿbfon n kbfÿbfon, `ns `fdkbins hnrakb  `k prfaerk esherk ie onnrifbkofÿb y `n `nss onbtrkfnbes `k sedubik esherk ie onnrifbkofÿb.(iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax  (iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax s,h) 3. Búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb

E` búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb `n pnieans iehfbfr onan e` búaern ie pkres e`eotrÿbfons que koeptk ub ëofin ie @ewfs (pnr `n deberk` es e` aetk` ie` onapuestn), es ieofr, sf ub onapuestn ie onnrifbkofÿb tfebe ins espeofes que estëb inbkbin pkres ie e`eotrnbes, ebtnboes tebirë búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb ins y ksá onb ifherebtes tfpns ie `fdkbins, pnr ejeap`n eb e` \Kd(BM?)3Q + , `k p`ktk tfebe tf ebe ub búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb ie 3< eb e` \Or(M3N)9O`3Q+ , e` ornan tfebe ub búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb ie 8. K`dubns fnbes aetë`fons exmfceb búaerns ie onnrifbkofÿb onbstkbtes. onbstkbtes. Wnr ejeap`n, e` búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb ie` ornan(FFF) y ie` onck`tn(FFF) es fbvkrfkc`eaebte 8, y e` ie` p`ktfbn(FF) es sfeapre 9. _fb eackrdn, `ns búaerns ie onnrifbkofÿb ie oksf tnins `ns fnbes f nbes aetë`fons vkrákb onb e` `fdkbin. @ns búaerns ie onnrifbkofÿb aës onaubes snb 9 y 8. (Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax.  s,h)  3.; Búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb ouktrn

Eb deberk`, e` drkb tkakûn ie `ns ëtnans n fnbes ie `ns perfnins 5 y 8 hkvnreoeb `ns búaerns ie onnrifbkofÿb akynres pkrk estns e`eaebtns. Wnr estks afsaks rkznbes, `ns `fdkbins auy drkbies nrfdfbkb, pnr `n deberk`, onapuestns onap`ejns onb ckjn búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb.

 

 

`ns búaerns k`tns ie onnrifbkofÿb snb aës onaubes eb `k pkrte fzquferik ie `ks serfes ie trkbsfofÿb, inbie `ns ëtnans presebtkb rkifns akynres y pnseeb pnons e`eotrnbes eb `ns nrcftk`es i, ie hnrak que e` fnb aetë`fon es okpkz ie koeptkr aës e`eotrnbes ie `ks ckses ie @ewfs. @ns búaerns ie onnrifbkofÿb ckjns se ebouebtrkb eb onap`ejns ie aetk`es ie `k pkrte iereomk ie `ks serfes i pnrque estns fnbes aetë`fons onbtfebeb vkrfns e`eotrnbes ie `ns nrcftk`es i. Ksá `ns onap`ejns onb búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb ouktrn estëb hnrakins pnr fnbes ie onbhfdurkofÿb i=   onan pnr ejeap`n: Wi(FF), Wt(FF), Sm Sm(F), (F), Fr(F), Ku(FFF). (Yextnsofebtfhfons.ona,  Yextnsofebtfhfons.ona, 3778  ) 3.3  Búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb 8

E` búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb 8 es e` aës onaúb pkrk `ks onbhfdurkofnbes e`eotrÿbfo e`eotrÿbfoks ks iesie i7  mkstk i6. Wnr ejeap`n, `ns onap`ejns ie `ns fnbes A?+ ie `k serfe ?i snb deberk`aebte notkæirfons: \_o(NM)3Q?+ (i7), \Or(BM?)8Q?+ (i?), \An(ON)8Q (i8 ), \He(OB)8Q?- y \SmO`8Q?- (i 8   ). (Yextnsofebtfhfons.ona,  Yextnsofebtfhfons.ona, 3778 ) ?. @fdkbin

@ns kbfnbes n an`æou`ks okpkoes ie kotukr onan `fdkbins ieceb pnseer ëtnans que ouebteb k` aebns onb ub pkr ie e`eotrnbes ie vk`ebofk bn onapkrtfins. Estns ëtnans se ebouebtrkb eb `k esqufbk superfnr iereomk ie `k tkc`k perfÿifok, y ebtre e``ns `ns aës fapnrtkbtes snb e` nxádebn y e` bftrÿdebn, ikbin pksn `uedn k` okrcnbn, hÿshnrn, kzuhre, o`nrn, h`únr, eto. (   Iobe.udtn.ax. s,h)   

?.; O`ksfhfokofÿb ie `ns `fdkbins. @fdkbi @fd kbins ns anbnie anbniebtk btkins ins  @ns `fdk `fdkbbins ins

ie este este tfp tfpn pnse seeeb ub úb úbfo fonn pub ubtn tn ie ub ubfÿ fÿbb k` ëtn tnan an

oebtrk`, ie  k``á e` bnacre anbniebtkin que prnvfebe ie ubk onacfbkofÿb ie pk`kcrks eb drfe dr fedn dn y  `ktá `ktább qu quee qu qufe fere re ie ieof ofrr ub úb úbfo fonn ifeb ifebte te.. Onaú Onaúba baeb ebte te se tr trkt ktkk ie an`æ an`æou ou`k `kss pe pequ queû eûks ks,, que pnseeb  ub úbfon fon ëtnan inbkinr ie e`eotrnbes tk`es onan e` kanbákon (BM?), e` kduk (M33N) (M N),, n `ns `ns kbfnb bfnbees mk`n mk`nddebur eburnn (] (]-- ), k`oÿx `oÿxfi finn (SN(SN- ), n k`q `quuf` f`nn (S (S-- ) ebtr tree ntr trnns. Ou Oukb kbiin se hnra hnrakk ub  ona napp`ejn `ejn aetë etë`fo `fon k pkrtf krtfrr ie ub `f `fddkbin kbin an anbbnie iebt btkkin se k`t `ter erkkb bn bntn tnrf rfka kaeb ebte te `k `kss  prnpfeikies ie  sn`ucf`fiki ie` oktfÿb, eb deberk` estn iecfin k que e` konap`ejkafebtn  prnvnok ub  kuaebtn eb e` tkakûn ie` fnb, `n que k su vez se trkiuoe eb ubk ifsafbuofÿb eb `k huer huerzzk ie  ktrk ktrkooofÿb fÿb ebtre btre e` oktfÿ tfÿb y sus onbtr nbtrkkfnb fnbes. es. Estn Estn pnr `n deb ebeerk rk`` prn rnvn vnook ub kuae uaebtn

 

 

eb `k  sn`u sn`uccf`fi f`fiki ki ie` ie` fnb, fnb, n, aej ejnnr expre xpresskin, in, ubk if ifssafbu afbuoofÿ fÿbb ie su te tebbie iebo bofk fk k pre reoofpft fpftkkr. (   Iobe.udtn.ax.   s,h) @fd fdkb kbin inss pn` n`fi fieb ebtk tkin inss  n kdeb kdebte tess que` que`kb kbte tess :

@ns `fdkbins ie este tfpn snb okpkoes ie

estkc`eoer ins  n aës ubfnbes sfau`tëbeks onb e` ëtnan oebtrk`, pueieb ser cfiebtkins, trfie fiebtkins, tetrkiebtkins  eto. K este tfpn fpn ie kdebtes se `es sue`e ``kakr tkacfæb "kdebte tess qu que` e`kb kbte tes" s" ie  `k pk pk`k `kcr crkk dr drfe fedk dk le le`k `k qu quee sf sfdb dbfh fhfo fokk "p "pfb fbzk zk"" pn pnrq rque ue e` tf tfpn pn ie es estr truo uotu turk rk es espk pkof ofk` k` que hnr hnrak  onb e` ëtnan oebtrk` rk` se kseaejk auomks veoes k ub okbdrejn onb e` ëtnan oebtrk` ktrkpkin ebtre  sus pfbzks. Auomks veoes se utf`fzk k `ns kdebtes que`kbtes onan kdebtes  preofpftkbtes, yk  que k` ser okpkoes ie estkc`eoer ins n aës ubfnbes sfau`tëbeks pueieb hubofnbkr onan  "puebtes" ebtre ins n aës ëtnans oebtrk`es, ``evkbin k `k hnrakofÿb ie ebnraes kdredkins  akornan`eou`kres que preofpftkb onb hkof`fiki. Ebtre este tfpn ie ona napu pueestns stns ebonb bonbtr trka kanns  pnr pnr ejea jeap`n p`n k `ns `ns kbfn bfnbes bes hn hnsh shkktn (W (WN9 N9 ??-)) , ok okrc rcnnbk bktn tn (O (ON? N? 33-), ), nxk`ktn (-NNO-ONN-),  etf`ebifkafbk (M3B-OM3-OM3-BM3) cfpfrfifbk< ub `fdkbin  pn`fiebtkin ie  ebnrae fapnrtkbofk pnr `k okbtfiki ie usns que tfebe es e` EIYK, e` EIYK  pnsee sefs sftfns ie ubfÿb. (Iobe.udtn.ax. s,h)  @fdkbi @fd kbins ns kacfie kacfiebtki btkins ns:  Este

tfpn ie `fdk fdkbins pnirák onbsfi fieerk rkrrse ub oksn espeofk fk`` ie `ns

`f `fdk dkbi bins ns pn pn`f `fie iebt btki kins ns,,  pn pnrq rque ue pn pnse seeb eb aë aëss ie ub ëtna ëtnann ok okpk pkzz ie in inbk bkrr pk pkre ress ie e` e`eo eotr trnb nbes es bn ona napk pkrt rtfi fins ns,, sfb  eac ackr krdn dn pns nsee eebb ub tkak tkakûûn iea eaks ksfk fkiin peq equueû eûnn onan nan pk pkrk rk ser ok okpk pkooes ie inbkr e`eotrnbes  onb kacns ëtnans k `k vez, y eb `udkr ie e``n se eb`kzkb ie ubk akberk u ntrk nt rk ie iepe pebi bife febi binn  ie `ks `ks ofro ofroub ubst stkb kbof ofks ks.. Ie Iebt btrn rn ie este este dr drup upnn eb ebon onbt btrk rkan anss pn pnrr ej ejea eap` p`nn k `n `nss s,h)  kbfnbes tfnofkbktn (_1O1B-), bftrftn (N1B-N-) e fsntfnofkbktn (BO-_-). (  Iobe.udtn.ax.  

9. Eb`koe aetk`-`fdkbin

@ns aetk`es  tfebieb k perier e`e `eootrn trnbes eb `ks `ks rekoofn fnbbes quáa áafo fokks, `n que ik `udkr k fnbes aetë`fons, sfb  eackrdn, estns fnbes (oktfnbes) bn exfsteb ie hnrak kfs`kik y tfebeb k fbter terkotukr onb  fnbes ie okrdk bedktfvk fvk (kb (kbfnb fnbes) que tfe febbeb e`e `eootrn rnbbes bn onapkrtfi finns y kotúkb onan ckses ie `ewfs y se pueieb ksnofkr onvk`ebteaebte onvk`ebteaebte k` oebtrn aetë`fon. @k  ubfÿb ebtre e` aetk` y e` `fdkbin pueie ser ie tfpn e`eotrnstëtfok, ebtre e` oktfÿb y `ns extreans bedktfvns. @k bkturk`ezk  ie` aetk` tfebe auomk fapnrtkbofk pnr `k fbh`uebofk ie `k rekotfvfiki ie` `f `fdk dkbi binn y  `k hnra hnrako kofÿ fÿbb ie ona napu pueest stns ns ona nap` p`eejns. jns. E` eb eb`k `kooe on onvk vk`e `ebt btee onnr nriifb fbki kinn eb ebtr tree e`

 

 

`fdkbin y  e` aetk` pueie ser sebof``n ``n, inc`e n fbo`usn, kubque auy rkrn ub trf rfpp`e eb`koe, se onbn onbnoe oebb k`du k`dubn bnss  ejea ejeap` p`ns ns ie eb`k eb`koe oe ae aetk tk``-`f `fdk dkbi binn tr trfp fp`e `e on onbb nx nxád ádeb ebn, n, bf bftr trÿd ÿdeb ebnn y ok okrc rcnb nbnn eb onap onapue uest stns ns  onap onap`e `ejn jnss onb onb ae aetk tk`e `ess ie iesi siee e` tftk tftkbf bfnn mk mkst stkk e` ns nsaf afnn y k` k`du dubn bnss aës aës re reof ofeb ebte tess onb frfifn y k`quf`fifbns (Onap`ejns  Onap`ejns ie onnrifbkofÿb, s.h)  Exfsteb auomks exoepofnbes y vkrfkofnbes pkrk `k hnrakofÿb ie onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb  pnr `n que es ifháof` preieofr ie akbe akberk rk deberk` e` onapnrtkafebtn onapnrtkafebtn e fbterko fbterkoofnbes ofnbes aetk`-`fdkbin, se skce que `ns onap`ejns ie` drupn FX sn`kaebte sn`kaebte se onbnoe onbnoebb eb estkin ie nxfikofnb +9, afebtrks que eb e` drupn X se onbnoeb onapuestns onb búaern ie nxfikofÿb aës drkbie +5 +5 onan es e` ok oksn sn ie` fÿb vkb vkbkif` kif` (XN +3) 5. Yenrák ie onnrifbkofÿb ie K`hrei Terber

K`h `hre reii Te Terb rbeer  ncs cser ervvÿ que que `ns `ns quáa quáafo fonns fbn fbnrdë rdëbf bfoons te tebbák ákbb ifh fhfo fou` u`tk tkiies pkrk exp xp`f `fookr `n `nss onap onapue uest stns ns ie  onnr onnrif ifbk bkof ofÿb ÿb pn pnrr `n qu quee ie iesk skrr rrn` n``ÿ `ÿ ub ubkk te tenr nrák ák qu quee re revn vn`u `uof ofnb nbkr krfk fk `k qu quáa áafo fok. k. Terber ieter terafbÿ  que `k fiek ie ubk úbfok vk`ebofk hfjk bn erk kp`fokc`e k onck`tn y k ntrn rnss aetk ae tk`e `ess pk pkre reof ofin ins, s,  ksá ksá qu quee trkc trkckj kjkb kbin in onb onb onap onapue uest stns ns kanb kanbfk fkok ok`e `ess ie on onck ck`t `tnn y nt ntrk rkss serf serfes es re`kofnbkiks onan  `k ie` ornan y p`ktfbn, prnpusn que estns aetk`es tebákb ins tfpns ie vk`e vk `ebo bofk fks, s, ub ubkk  vk vk`e `ebo bofk fk pr prfa fakr krfk fk y ntrk ntrk vk vk`e `ebo bofk fk se seou oubi bikr krfk fk.. @k vk vk`e `ebo bofk fk pr prfa fakr krfk fk n fn fnbf bfzk zkc` c`ee onr nrre resp spnb nbie ie k  `k qu quee mny mny ``ka ``kaka kans ns es estk tkiin ie nxfik xfikoofÿ fÿbb y `k vk`e `ebbof ofkk seou oubi bikkrf rfkk se onb nbnnoe ona nann búae búaern rn  ie onnr onnriifbk fbkofÿ ofÿb, Te Terb rbeer khfra hfrakc kckk que e` búaern aern ie onn nnri rifb fbko kofÿ fÿbb se ifr frfd fdák ák k  pnsfofnbes hfjks eb e` espkofn. (Sniders, E, ;66 ;665) 5) Terber  ieoák que e` onck`tn iecák onapebskr k` afsan tfeapn sus ins vk`e `ebbofks, ksá `ks `ábeks fbifokb  `ns drupns que onapebskb `k vk`ebofk prfakrfk y `ks `ábeks ifsonbtfbuks, if ifrf rfdf dfik ikss sfea sfeapr pree  mk mkof ofkk ub ubkk pn pnsf sfof ofÿb ÿb hfjk hfjk eb e` espk espkof ofn, n, fb fbif ifok okbb `k `kss qu quee on onap apeb ebsk skbb `k vk vk`e `ebo bofk fk seoubikrfk. (Hfdurk ;) Hfdurk ;.   Se Sepr pres eseb ebtk tkof ofÿb ÿb

ie K` K`hre hreii Terb Terber  er 

ie ub o` o`nr nrur urnn kanb kanbfk fkok ok`` ie on onck ck`t `tn, n, `k `kss `á `ábe beks ks onbt onbtfb fbuk ukss fb fbif ifok okbb  `n `nss dr drup upns ns que que on onap apeb ebsk skbb e` estkin  ie nxfikofÿ fÿbb ie` onck`tn (+?) y `ks `ábeks ifsonbtfbuks  fbifokb `ns drupns que onapebskb e` búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb (8).  Huebte: Sniders,E, ;665

 

 

Iesp Ie spuæ uæss ie  estn estn Te Terb rber er trkc trkckj kjÿÿ eb `k de dena naet etrá rákk ie `k vk vk`e `ebo bofk fk se seou oubi bikr krfk fk,, `n `nss se sefs fs kanb kanbfk fkon onss que rniekb  k` onck`tn pniákb ákb kinptkr ubk ie `ks tr trees denaetráks áks mkcftuk`es, k skcer: p`kbn mexkdnbk`, prfsak trfdnbk` y notkæirfok. 8. Bnaebo`kturk ie `ns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb

K` pr prfb fbof ofpf pfn, n, oukb oukbin in se ie ieso souc ucrf rfer ernb nb `ns `ns pr prfa faer erns ns on onap ap`e `ejn jns, s, æs æstn tnss er erkb kb pn pnon ons, s, pn pnrr `n tk tkbt btnn se `es `es ifn ifn  e` bna nacr cree tebf tebfeebin bin eb oue ouebtk btk e` quáaf uáafoon que `n `nss pr preepk pkrÿ rÿ nrf rfddfb fbkk`ae `aebt btee. ‐ K`d `dub ubnns ie estn estnss bnac bnacre ress pers persfs fste tebb tnik tnikvá vák< k< pnr pnr ejea ejeap` p`n, n, e` BM BM9\ 9\Or Or(B (BM? M?)3 )3(B (BO_ O_)) 9Q se on onbn bnoe oe on onan an sk sk`` ie Sefbeole.  K aeifik que e` búaern ie onap`ejns onbnofins oreoák, `ns quáafons ona naeb ebzzkrn krnb k  ikr`e kr`ess bnac bnacre ress onb ckse ckse eb su on`nr. `nr. Wnr ej ejeeap`n ap`n,, e` \O \Onn(BM? (BM?)5 )5O` O`QO QO`3 `3,, ouy uykk hÿ hÿra rau` u`kk se  esor esorfc fcák ák ebtn ebtnbo boes es onan onan On OnO` O`?x ?x5B 5BM? M?,, se on onbn bnoá oákk on onan an o` o`nr nrur urnn pu purp rpur urno nonc ncë` ë`tfo tfon, n,  pnr su  on`nr púrpurk. Ubk vez que se ebtebifernb aës okck`aebte `ks estruoturks ie `ns onap`ejns, hue pnsfc`e ikr`es bnacre ie akberk aës sfsteaëtfok.‑(Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax. s,h) 8.;. Sed`ks pkrk hnrau`kr ub onapuestn ie onnrifbkofÿb 8.;.;. Esorfturk ie` onapuestn Sed`ks ie hnrau`kofÿb.(   Iobe.udtn.ax.  s,h)

Wkrk krk expr expreeskr skr  `k hÿra hÿrauu`k ie `ns `ns onap apuuest stnns ie onn nnri rifb fbkkofÿ fÿbb es onb nbve vebbfe febbte te tebber pr preese sebt btees `ks red`ks ie hnrau`kofÿb reonaebikiks pnr FUWKO, estks red`ks snb: • @ns onap`ejns se esorfceb ebtre onrometes • Ieb Iebtr trnn  ie `ns `ns onro onrommete etes se eso sorf rfcceb prfa prfaeern `ns `ns oktf tfnnbe bes, s, `u `ueedn `n `nss kb kbfn fnbbes y pnr ú`t `tfa fann `k `kss espeofes beutrks. • Ie  mkcer ins n aës espeofes onb e` afsan tfpn ie okrdk, se nriebkb k`hkcætfokaebte ie kouerin k` ëtnan que se ebouebtrk ubfin k` ëtnan oebtrk`. • Wnr  ú`tfan y pnr huerk ie `ns onrometes, se esorfce onan superábifoe `k okrdk tntk` ie` onap`ejn. .  s,h)  8.;.3 Bnacrkafebtn ie` onapuestn ie onnrifbkofÿb. ( Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax  

;. Wkrk bnacrkr  `ks sk`es, se ik prfaern e` bnacre ie` kbfÿb y `uedn e` bnacre ie` oktf oktfÿb ÿb.. Ks Ksá, á, eb e` \O \On( n(BM BM?) ?)5O 5O`Q `QO` O`33 se bn bnac acrk rk pr prfa faer ernn e` \O \On( n(BM BM?) ?)5O 5O`Q `Q3+ 3+ y `u `ued ednn e` O`- .

 

 

3. Iebtrn ie  ub fnb fnb n an`æou`k onap`ejns, `ns `f `fddkbins se bnacrkb kbtes que e` aetk`. @ns `fdkbins  se ebubofkb eb nrie rieb k`hkc hkcætfon, fb fbiiepebifebteaebte ie `k okrdk ie` `fd `fdkbin kbin.. @n @nss  prehf rehfjn jnss que fbif fbifookb e` búae búaern rn ie `f `fdk dkbbin inss bn se on onbs bsfi fieerk rkbb onan nan pk pkrt rtee ie` bnacre  ie` `fdkbin pkrk ieterafbkr e` nrieb k`hkcætfon. Wnr tkbtn, eb e` fnb \O \On( n(BM BM?) ?)5O 5O`Q3 `Q3+ + iesf iesfdb dbka kans ns  prfa prfaer ernn `ns `ns `fdk `fdkbi bins ns ie ka kanb nbfk fkon on,, ie iesp spuæ uæss e` o` o`nr nrur urnn y `ued `uednn e`  ae aetk tk`: `: pe pebt btkk kkaf afbn bno` o`nr nrno nonc nck` k`tn tn(F (FFF FF). ). Nc Ncse serv rve, e, sf sfbb eack eackrd rdn, n, qu quee k` es esor orfc fcfr fr `k hÿrau`k e` aetk` se pnbe eb prfaer tærafbn. ?. @ns bnacres  ie `ns `fdk fdkbins kbfÿb fÿbfon fons terafbkb eb `k `etrk n, eb tkbtn que `ns beutrn rnss ``e ``evkb vkb nrifb rifbkkrfk rfkae aebbte  e` bnac bnacre re ie `k an`æ n`æou ou`k `k.. Eb `k tk tkcc`k 39.; 39.; se fb fbo` o`uuye yebb k` k`ddub ubns ns `fd `fdkbin kbinss ona naub ubees  y sus bna nacr crees. _e ikb ikb bnac nacre ress espe peof ofkk`e `ess k` M3N M3N (k (kooun un)) y k` BM? (kafbn). Wnr  ejeap`n, `ns tærafbns o`nrn y kafbn se eap`ekb eb e` bnacre ie` \On(BM?)5O`QO`3. 9. _e eap`ek  ub prehfjn drfedn (pnr ejeap`n, if-, trff-,, tetrk-, pebtk- y mexk-) pkrk fbifokr  e` búaern  ie okik tfpn ie `fdkbin oukbin mky aës ie ubn. Wnr onbsfdufebte, eb e` bnac bn acre re ie ie`` \On( \On(BM BM?) ?)5O 5O`Q `Q3+ 3+ se us uskk pe pebt btkk kkaf afbn bn,, qu quee fb fbif ifok ok of ofbo bonn `f `fdk dkbi bins ns BM BM?. ?. _f e` bnacre ie`  `fdkbin afsan onbtfebe ub prehfjn drfedn, onan anbn-, if- n trf-, e` bn bnac acre re ie`  `fdk `fdkbbin se ebofe boferr rrkk ebtre tre pkræ pkræbbte tessfs y se ut utf` f`fz fzkkb prehf rehfjn jnss k`t `ter erbbns (c (cfs fs-, -, trf trfs-, tetrklfs-,  pebtklfs- y mexklfs-). -). Wnr ejeap`n `n,, e` bnacre ie` \On(e (ebb)? )?QQO`? es o`nrurn ie  trfs(etf`ebifkafbn)onck`tn(FF`)._f e` onap`ejn es ub kbfÿb, e` bnacre terafbk eb  -ktn. Wnr ejeap`n, eb e` L9\He(OB)8Q e` kbfÿb se iesfdbk onan fnb mexkofkbnherrktn(FF). E`  suhfjn -ktn se sue`e kdredkr k `k rkáz `ktfbk, onan eb este ejeap`n. 5.

E`  búaern ie nxfikofÿb ie` aetk` se ik ebtre pkræbtesfs eb búaerns rnakbns, k onbtfbukofÿb ie`  bnacre ie` aetk`. Wnr ejeap`n, e` búaern rnakbn FF FFFF se usk pkrk fbifokr e` estkin ie nxfikofÿb + ? ie` onck`tn eb e` \On(BM?)5O`Q3+ .

4.Eb`koe quáafon eb `ns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb

@k tenrák  ie` eb`koe ie vk`ebofk jubtn onb `k tenrák ie` okapn orfstk`fbn hubofnbkb pkrk exp`fokr e` eb`koe y `k estruoturk ie fnbes onap`ejns. 4.; Yenrák ie` eb`koe ie vk`ebofk

Es ub  kvkboe denaætrfon sncre ubk estruoturk ie @ewfs. _e cksk eb `k fiek ie que vkrfns nrcftk`es ktÿafons  ifherebtes pueieb onacfbkrse ie hnrak `fbek` pkrk hnrakr nrcftk`es

 

 

mácrfins ie  fduk`es eberdá rdáks y onb ubk ifspnsfof fofÿb pkrtf tfoou`kr eb e` espkofn.(Iobe.udtn.ax.  s,h).

Ie  ubk ubk akbe kberk sf sfaf af`k `kr  r  pkrk    pkrk `ns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb, e` anie`n prnpnbe que e`

búaern y  tfp tfpn ie nrcf rcftk` tk`es mácrfin fins ie` fnb aetë` të`fon noupkins pnr `ns pkres ie e`eotrnbes oeifins pnr `ns `fdkbins ieterafbk `k denaetrák ie` fnb onap`ejn. ‐Eb  E b `k  hnra hnrakkofÿ ofÿb ie `ns `ns fnb fnbes onap onap`e `ejn jns, s, `ns `ns nrc nrcftk ftk`e `ess `` ``eb ebnns ie `n `nss `f `fddkbi bins ns sn` n`kkpk pkbb onb `n `nss nrcft rcftk` k`ees i  vkoán koánss ie` fnb fnb aetë aetë`f `foon. E` `fdk `fdkbbin (ck (ckse ie @ew ewfs fs)) inb nbkk ub pkr ie e` e`eeot otrn rnbe bes, s, y e` fnb aetë`fon  (ëofin ie @ewfs) `n koeptk pkrk hnrakr ubn ie `ns eb`koes onvk`ebtes ie` fnb ona nap` p`eejn (k (kiiuotn uotn  ie @ewf @ewfs) s) Yk Yk`` eb`k b`koe, eb e` ouk` uk` ub ëtn tna an ie` eb eb`k `kooe onb nbtr trfc fcuuye on onbb kacn kacnss e`eotrnb rnbes, se  ``ka `kak eb`koe onvk`ebte onnrifbk fbkin, kubque, ubk vez hnrakin, es fi fiææbtfon k ouk`qufer eb`koe onvk`ebte sebof``n.‑(Yextnsofebtfhfons.ona, 3778) E` búaern  ie onnrifbkofÿb y onbhfdurkofÿb estëb ikins eb pkrte pnr eheotns ie tkakûn y okrdk rdk, pern  tkacfæb pnr `ns nrcftk`es `es ktÿafons ifsp fspnbfc fc``es pkrk `k hn hnrrakofÿb ie nrcftk`es mácr mácrfi fins ns.. Utf` Utf`fz fzkb kbin in  ae aeif ifik ikss ie su suso soep eptf tfcf cf`f `fik ikii ak akdb dbæt ætfo fokk se pu puei eiee ie iete tera rafb fbkr kr e` bú búae aern rn ie e`eo e`eotr trnb nbes es ie iesk skpk pkre reki kins ns  y k pk pkrt rtfr fr ie es estk tk fbhn fbhnra rako kofÿ fÿbb ie ieiu iuof ofrr `n `nss nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess i ut utf` f`fz fzki kins ns pk pkrk rk hnra hnrakr kr e`  eb`k eb`kooe. Eb k`du `dubn bnss oks ksns ns `ns `ns e`eo `eotrn trnbes se veb hn hnrz rzkkins k kp kpkkre rekkrse rse pkr krkk hn hnra rakr kr e` eb`k b`koe y  este ste tfpn tfpn ie ona nap` p`eejns jns se sue`e ue`ebb ``k ``kak akrr ie ck ckjn jn spf pfbb. @ns onap` nap`eejn jnss qu quee bn kpk pkre rekb kb sus e`eotrnb rnbes  se ``k ``kakb ie k`tn `tn spfb. Eb k`dubns onap`ejns, onan e` \Zb(BM (BM?)8 )8QQ3+, `ns nrcft rcftk` k`ees 9i  tfeb tfebeeb eberd berdák ákss suhfo uhfofe febbteae teaebt btee ckjk ckjkss ona nann pkr krkk se serr utf tf`f `fzk zkiins eb `k hn hnra rako kofÿ fÿbb ie` eb`koe,  pnr `n ouk` se ``kakb onap`ejns ie nrcftk` exterbn, pkrk fbifokr que e` eb`koe  pueie fap`fokr  nrcftk`es sp?i3, eb `udkr ie nrcftk`es i3sp?, onan eb e` \On(BM?)8Q?+, que se iebnafbk  onap`ejn ie nrcftk` fbterbn. E` Zb(FF) pueie hnrakr O onb estruoturks tetrk trkæirfok foks (onb  `fd `fdkbins drkbies n okrdk rdkins, iecfin k `k rep repu`sfÿ fÿbb `fd fdkkbin-`fdkbin) y notkæi notk æirf rfok oks. s. E` bá báqu que` e` (FF) (FF) hnra hnrakk onap onap`e `ejn jnss no notk tkæi æirf rfon onss ie nr nrcf cftk tk`` ex exte terb rbnn on onbb @ on onan an e` BM? BM? y e`  M3N, sfb eackrdn rdn onb @ huertes tes, onan e` OB-, hnrak onap`ejn jnss p`k `kbbns ifkakdbætfons que fa fap` p`fo fokkb  eb`k b`koes oes isp3. p3. @ns @ns O p`k p`kbn bnss sn snbb tka tkacfæ cfæb onau aubbes pk pkrk rk e` Wi( i(FF FF), ), Wt Wt(F (FF) F),, Ou(FF u(FF)) y Ku(FFF). 4.3 Yenrák ie` okapn orfstk`fbn

@k ten tenrák rák  ie` ie` eb`k b`koe ie vk`e vk`ebbofk ofk es sebof` bof``k `k ie repr repreese sebt btkkr, exp` p`fo fokk e` eb eb`k `kooe y `k hn hnra rakk, pe pern rn bn trktk  k `ns nrcf rcftk`es onan k`dn aës que espkofns vkoáns re reooeptnres ie e`eotrnbes, pnr `n tkbtn estk  tenrák bn reve`k e` on`nr ie `ns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb y sue`e preieofr ie akber kberkk fbo fbonrr rreeotk otk  sus prnpf rnpfeeiki ikies akdbæ kdbætf tfooks. Bn ncs cstk tkbbte `k te tenr nrák ák ie` okapn kapn or orfs fstk tk`f `fbbn

 

 

 prnpnrofnbk pnok  fbhnrakofÿb sncre e` eb`koe aetk`-`fdkbin, pern exp`fok o`krkaebte `ns on`nres y e` akdbetfsan ie `ns onap`ejns. ‐E` anie`n  ie` okapn ie` orfst fstk`, hnrau`kin pnr Cett ttee y vkb X`eol eb ;636, exp`fok que `ks  prnpfeikies ie  `ns onap`ejns resu`tkb ie `k sepkrkofÿb ie `ks eberdáks ie `ns nrcftk`es   i  iecf ie cfin in k  fbte fbterk rkoo oofn fnbe bess ie tfpn tfpn e`eo e`eotr trns nstë tëtf tfok okss ebtr ebtree fn fnbe bess ae aetë të`f `fon onss y `n `nss `f `fdk dkbi bins ns.. E` anie anie`n `n ksua uaee que  ub fnb fnb onap ap`e `ejn jn se hnra hnrakk onan resu resu`t `tkkin ie ktr trkkoof ofnnbe bess e`e `eootr trnnstë tëtf tfok okss ebt btre re e` oktfÿb aetë`fon  y `k okrdk bedktfvk ie `ns `fdkbins. Estk okrdk bedktfvk es pkrofk` eb ub `f `fdk dkbi binn pn`k n`kr  beutr eutrnn onan onan e` kan anbbfko fkon n onap onap`e `etk tk ona nann eb ub `f `fdk dkbi binn kbf bfÿb ÿbfo fonn onan nan e` O` -. @ns `fdkbins  se kprnxfakb k` fnb aetë`fon fon k `n `krd rdnn ie `ns ejes   x   x,    y   y y   z    z ,  `n ouk` afbfafzk `k (Yextn xtnsofe sofebtf btfhfon hfons.on s.ona, a, 3778). 3778). ‐Ou eber eberdá dákk tntk tntk``  ie` ie` sfst sfstea eak. k.‑‑(Ye Oukb kbin in e` `f `fdk dkbi binn es be beut utrn rn,, on onan an

eb e`  oksn ie` M3N n ie` BM?, `ns extreans bedktfvns ie estks an`æou`ks pn`kres, que onbt onbtfe febe bebb ub  pk pkrr ie e`eo e`eotr trnb nbes es bn onap onapkr krtf tfin in,, estë estëbb nr nrfe febt btki kins ns mk mkof ofkk e` aetk aetk`. `. Eb es este te ok oksn sn `k fbterkoofÿb ktrkotfvk  es ie` tfpn fnb-ifpn`n Eb kacns oksns e` resu`tkin es e` afsan< `ns `fdkbins snb  ktrkáins huertea teaebte mkofk e` oebtrn aetë të``fon. E` onbjubtn ie fnb aetë`fon y `fdkbins

tfebe 

aebns

eberdák

que

`ks

okrdks

tntk`aebte

sepkrkiks.‑

( Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax.s,h)   4.3.; Iesinc`kafebtn y eberdák ie iesinc`kafebtn ie` okapn orfstk`fbn

@k if ifhe here rebo bofk fk  ie eber eberdá dákk ebtr ebtree ins ins onbj onbjub ubtn tnss ie nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess i ie ub ët ëtna nann aetë aetë`f `fon on eb pr pres eseb ebof ofkk ie `fdkbtes se onbnoe onan iesinc`kafebtn ie` okapn orfstk`fbn(Ι) Eb `k pres preseb ebof ofkk ie ub okap okapnn orfs orfstk tk`f `fbn bn no notk tkæi æirf rfon on,, `n `nss nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess   i   se ie iesi sinc nc`k `kbb eb ub on onbj bjub ubtn tn ie tres  nrcftk`es iedeberkins ie aebnr eberdák (t3d  3d)   y ub onbjubtn ie ins nrcftk`es iede edeberk berkiins ie  ak akyynr ebe eberdák rdák (ed) sepkrki rkins ebtre sá pnr ubk ifherebofk ie eberd rdáák (Ι7   ). E` iesi esinc`k nc`kaf afeebtn btn kuae aebt btkk  k `n `krd `krdnn ie `k serfe erfe esp speeot otrn rnqquá uáaf afook ie `n `nss `f `fddkbi bins ns y vkr krák ák on onbb `k fiebtfiki y okrdk ie` ëtnan aetë`fon. E` vk`nr ie Ι 7 ie `ns fnbes onb akynr okrdk `ks ifstkbofks aetk`-`fdkbin snb aebnres y `ks ebe berd rdák ákss ie  fbte fbterk rkooofÿ ofÿb aë aëss k`tk `tks. E` vk`n k`nr ie Ι7   tkac tkacfæ fæbb kuaebt aebtkk k` ies esooeb ebiier eb ub dru ruppn,  pnr e`  akynr tkakûn ie `ns nrcftk`es 9i y 5i onapkrkins onb `ns nrcftk`es ?i, que snb aës onapkotns y `ks onbseouebtes fbterkoofnbes aës huertes onb `ns `fdkbins.

 

 

Hf Hfdu durk rk 3.   Ie Iesi sinc nc`k `kaf afeb ebtn tn ie nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess i, pk pkrte rte su supe perfn rfnr  r 

nrcf nr cftk tk`e `ess ie iede debe berk rkin inss  ie akyn akynrr eb eber erdá dák, k, pk pkrt rtee fb fbhe herf rfnr  nr  nrcftk`es iedeberkins ie aebnr eberdák.  Huebte:   Ubfversfiki

Bkofnbk` ie `k Wktkdnbfk _kb

Jukb Cnson  (_.h.) 

Wkrk e` afsan aetk`, ub `fdkbin que ik nrfdeb k ubk: eberdák ie trkbsfofÿb k`tk se ``kak `fdkbin ie okapn k`tn (n huerte), eberdák ie trkbsfofÿb ckjk se iebnafbk `fdkbin ie okapn ckjn (n iæcf`). Hfdurk ?.   K

`k fzquferik okapn iæcf`, k `k

iereomk okapn huerte.  Huebte:   Ub Ubfv fver ersf sfik ikii  Bkof Bkofnb nbk` k` ie `k Wk Wktk tkdn dnbf bfkk

_kb Jukb Cnson  (_.h.) 

Wkrk krk `ns `ns  onap onap`e `ejn jnss tetr tetrkæ kæiirfo rfons se eap`e ap`ekkb `ns `ns afsan fsanss krd rduuaebt aebtnns ie `k te tennrá rákk, k skc kcer er:: ub okapn orfstk`fbn tetrkæirfon iesinc`k `ns nrcftk`es i eb ins onbjubtns, pern `ns nrcftk`es e se  ebouebtrkb ieckjn ie `ns nrcftk`es t3< e` pkrëaetrn ie iesinc`kafebtn ie` okapn or orfs fstk tk`f `fbn bn tetr tetrkæ kæir irfo fonn  (Ι Y) es aebnr que Ι7, pnr teber aebns `fdkbins y sÿ`n se ebouebtrkb onap`ejns jns tetrk trkæirfon fons  onb k`tn espáb. Ubk onbhfd fduurkofÿb i=, jubtn onb ub okapn ie `ns `fdkbtes k`tn  hk hkvvnreoe `k hnrakofÿb fÿb ie onap`ej `ejns p`kbn oukirkins. Eb este oksn, e` nrcftk` ix3-y3  x3-y3 estë  eb `k pnsfofÿb aës k`tk. (U (Ubbfversfik fiki Bkofnbk` ie `k Wktkd tkdnbfk _kb Jukb Cnson (_.h.)

 

 

Hfdurk 9.   Ie Iesi sinc nc`k `ka afe febbtn

ie nr nrccft ftkk`e `ess i, ie

ub okapn  tetrkæirfon, inbie se auestrk e` hkvnreofafebtn ie  hnrakofÿb ie onap`ejns  p`kbn oukirkins. oukirkins.  Huebte:   Ub Ubfv fver ersf sfik ikii  Bkof Bkofnb nbk` k`

ie `k Wk Wktk tkdn dnbf bfkk

_kb Jukb Cnson  (_.h.) 

4.3.3. On`nr eb `ns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb

E` an anie ie`n `n  ie ie`` okap okapnn orfs orfstk tk`f `fbn bn pe pera raft ftee exp` exp`fo fokr kr `ns `ns on on`n `nre ress qu quee se nc ncse serv rvkb kb eb `n `nss on onap ap`e `ejn jnss ie ae aetk tk`e `ess  ie tr trkkbsf sfoofÿb fÿb. @k ifher fhereebofk bofk ie eberd berdák ák ebt btre re `n `nss nr nrccft ftkk`e `ess i, Ι ,e ,ess ie ie`` af afssan nri rieeb ie akdb akdbft ftui ui qu quee `k eber eberdá dákk ie ub hntÿ hntÿbb ie `uz `uz vfsf vfsfc` c`e. e. Wnr Wnr on onbs bsfd fduf ufeb ebte te,, ub on onap ap`e `ejn jn ie aetk aetk`` ie trkbsfofÿb  pueie kcsnrcer `uz vfsfc`e, `k ouk` exoftk k ub e`eotrÿb ie `ns nrcftk`es i ie aebnr eberdák mkofk `ns ie akynr eberdák. Onb `ns `ns  iktns tns espe espeootrn trnso soÿÿpfo pfons ie vk vkrf rfns ns onap onap`e `ejn jnss que tf tfeebe bebb e` afs fsan an fn fnbb aetë aetë`f `fon on pe pern rn ifstf fstfbt btnns `fdk `fdkbbtes tes,  `ns `ns quáa áafo fonns mkb ok`o k`ou`k u`kin e` iesi esinc nc`k `kaf afeebt btnn ie ie`` ok okap apnn orf rfsstk tk`f `fbn bn pkr krkk okik okik `fdk `fdkbt btee  y estk estkc` c`eo eofi finn ubk ubk se serf rfee es espe peot otrn rnqu quáa áafo fok, k, qu quee es ub ubkk se serf rfee ie `f `fdk dkbt btes es nr nrie iebk bkin inss  pnr su okpkofiki okpkofiki oreofebte ppkrk krk iesinc`kr `ns bfve`es ie eb eberdák erdák ie `ns nrcftk`es nrcftk`es i.

Hfdurk 5.  

_erfe espeotrnquáafok ie `ns

`fdkbins.  Huebte: mttps://s`fiep`kyer.es/s`fie/;;4=958;/

 

 

@nss e`eo @n e`eotr trnb nbes es  t 3   ie` ie` onap onapue uest stnn ie onnr onnrif ifbk bkof ofÿb ÿb pu puei eieb eb se serr ex exof oftk tkin inss k ub ubnn ie `n `nss nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess   e sf este  kcsnrce ub hntÿb fduk` k Ι, ksá se pueie utf`f `fzzkr `k `nbdft ftuui ie nbik μ pkrk ieterafb fbkkr  e` iesinc`kafebtn ie` okapn orfstk`fbn ie ub `fdkbin. `f dkbin. Ι 1 mv 1 mo/μ   Inbie: m es `k onbstkbte ie p`kbol v es `k hreouebofk 

o es `k ve`nofiki ie `k `uz y μ es `k `nbdftui ie nbik Ksá k akynr Ι iecerák kcsnrcer rkifkofÿb ie k`tk eberdák y ckjk `nbdftui ie nbik. Wnr ejeap`n  e` e`eotrÿb ?i ie` \Yf (M3N)8Q?+ se exoftk ie `ns nrcftk`es i ie aebnr eberdák k `ns nrcftk`es i ie akynr eberdák oukbin se frrkifk onb `uz ie `nbdftui ie nbik ie 5;7 ba.

 Huebte: fsnaerfsan y tenrák ie` okapn orfstk`fbn

4. ? Yenrák ie nrcftk`es an`eou`kres

@k tenr tenrák ák  ie nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess an`e an`eou ou`k `kre ress (YNA (YNA)) trkt trktkk `k ifst ifstrf rfcu cuof ofÿb ÿb e` e`eo eotr trÿb ÿbfo fokk eb `k `kss an`æ an`æou ou`k `kss ie `k afsa afsakk  hn hnra rakk qu quee `k tenr tenrák ák ktÿa ktÿafo fokk an anie ierb rbkk trkt trktkk `k if ifst strf rfcu cuof ofÿb ÿb e` e`eo eotr trÿb ÿbfo fokk ie `n `nss ët ëtna nans ns.. eb prfae faer  `udkr supnbe que `ks pnsfofnbes ie `ns búo`ens ie `ns ëtn tna ans estëb hfj fjkks,   kieaës iehf ie hfbe be `ns `ns  nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess ie `ns `ns búo` búo`en enss y `ns `ns Nr Nrcf cftk tk`e `ess An An`e `eou ou`k `kre ress (NA) (NA) ie iete tera rafb fbkb kb `k re redf dfÿb ÿb eb

 

 

e` espk pkof ofnn  eb que es aës prnc prnckkc`e c`e ebon bonbtrk btrkrr k ub e`e e`eotr trÿÿb eb ub nrc rcft ftk` k` ikin y estn estnss nrc rcft ftk` k`ees se extfebieb eb ubk pkrte n k`reieinr ie tnik `k an`æou`k. Ifve Ifvers rsks ks fbve fbvest stfd fdko kofn fnbe bess  eb on onap ap`e `ejn jnss ifer ifernb nb onan onan re resu su`t `tki kinn k` ex exka kafb fbkr kr `k pk pkrt rtee rk rkif ifk` k` ie `ks hubofnbes  ie nbik pkrk `ns ëtnans ie `ns `ns `fdkbtes y ie` aetk tk`` que iece mkcer trks`kpe ie sus nrcftk`es.  ncservkrnb que e` kuaebtn ie` tkakûn ie `ns nrcftk`es es e` resu`tkin ie `k onac onacfb fbko kofÿ fÿbb ie  `ns `ns nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess ie ie`` oe oebt btrn rn ae aetë të`f `fon on ie ie`` on onap ap`e `ejn jn y `n `nss nr nrcf cftk tk`e `ess ie su suss `f `fdk dkbi bins ns que hnrakb nrcftk`es an`eou`kres. Wkrk krk ub  onap ap`e `ejn jn notkæ tkæirfo irfonn ona nann \On \On(B (BM M ?) 8Q ?+ mky ub akynr búaern ie nrcftk`es que onbsfie fierk rkrr pkrk  e` trk trks`kpe : ?i , 9s , 9p pkrk e` On?+ pkrk e` trk rkss`kpe y sefs nrcftk`es mácrf rfiins sp?. Eb  e` oksn que mkyk `fdkbtes onb eb`koe se tebirëb que onbsfierkr ntrns nrcftk`es. Aeifkbte e`  usn ie `k sfaetrák ie `ns nrcftk`es es re`ktfvkaebte sebof``n ebonbtrkr `ks onacfbkofnbes ie  `ns nrcftk` tk`es. Ofertn rtns nrcftk ftk`es ktÿafons se pueieb tr trkks`kpkr eb ofert rtkks hnra hnraks ks pkrk krk  ikr fbte fbtedr drkk`es `es ie trks trks`k `kppe pnsf pnsftf tfvk vkss onb `k onbs bseo eouueb ebte te hn hnra rako kofÿ fÿbb ie nr nrccft ftkk`e `ess  Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax. x. s,h)    an`eou`kres ie eb`koe. ( Iepk.hqufa.ubka.a

Hfdurk 8.   

Ifkdrkak ie eberdák ie  nrcftk`es an`e an `eou ou`k `kre ress ie `n `nss eb eb`k `koe oess Ϗ ie  ub onap`ejn notkæirfon onan  e` \On(BM ?)8Q ?+  Huebte:  Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax. s,h

 

 

Onbo`usfnbes

;. @k tenr tenrák ák ie onnr onnrif ifbk bkof ofÿb ÿb ie K`hr K`hrei ei Te Terb rber er estk estkc` c`eo eoee qu quee `n `nss e` e`ea eaeb ebtn tnss tf tfeb ebeb eb in inss tf tfpn pnss ie vk`e k`ebo bofk fk,, e`  búa úaer ernn ie nxfi xfikofÿ kofÿbb y e` búae búaern rn ie onnr nrif ifbbko kofÿ fÿbb y que `n `nss e` e`eeaebt aebtnns tf tfeebi bieb eb k sktfshkoer kacks. 3. E` búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb estkc`eoe `k denaetrák ie` onapuestn ie onnrifbkofÿb. @k tenrák  ie` okapn orfstk`fbn exp`fok `k hnrakofÿb ie eb`koes eb `ns fnbes onap`ejns eb hubofÿb ie huerzks purkaebte e`eotrnstëtfoks. ?. @k  tenr tenrák ák ie ie`` eb`k eb`koe oe ie vk`e vk`ebo bofk fk sf sfrv rvee pk pkrk rk estk estkc` c`eo eoer er `k de dena naet etrá rákk qu quee te tebi birë rë e` on onap apue uest stnn ie onnrifbkofÿb,  sfb eackrdn pueie preieofr ie hnrak fbonrreotk sus prnpfeikies akdbætfoks. 9. @k  ten tenrák rák ie` oka kapn pn orfs orfstk tk`f `fbbn hubo hubofn fnbbk ie akbe kberk onr nrre reootk pkrk pr preeie ieoofr `k pr prnnpf pfeeik ikie iess akdb ak dbæt ætfo foks ks(( iete ietera rafb fbkr kr sf es pkrk pkrkak akdb dbæt ætfo fokk n if ifka kakd kdbæ bætf tfok ok), ), ks ksáá on onan an e` on on`n `nrr ie ie`` on onap apue uest stnn ie onnrifbkofÿb, pern prnpnrofnbk pnok fbhnrakofÿb sncre e` eb`koe aetk`-`fdkbin 5. Onaúbaebte  `ns onapuestns onb `fdkbins hue huert rtees deberkb drkb iesinc`k `ka afebtn y `n `nss onapuestns onb `fdkbins iæcf`es deberkb ckjn iesinc`kafebtn. Cfc`fndrkhák

Es.wflfpeifk.nrd.(s,h)Onap`ejn(quáafok). Seouperkin Es.wflfpeifk.nrd.(s,h)Onap`ejn(quáafok). Seouperkin iiee ie: mttps://es.wflfpeifk.nrd/wflf/Onap`ejn^(qu%O?%KIafok) Iobe.udtn.ax  obe.udtn.ax.(s,h)  .(s,h) Onap`ejn (quáafok). (pp. 6,;7). Seouperkin ie: mttp://www.iobe.udtn.ax/Onbtebfin/Akterfk`Ifiko mttp://www.iobe.udtn.a x/Onbtebfin/Akterfk`Ifikotfon/[ufafokCfnfbnrdkb tfon/[ufafokCfnfbnrdkbfok/Sesu fok/Sesu aeb^ie^[ufafok^ie^Onnrifbkofnb.pih

 

 

Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax.(s,h)  epk.hqufa.ubka.ax.(s,h) [uáafok ie `ns onapuestns onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb (pp. 9,5). Seouperkin ie: mttp://iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax/kayi/kromfvern/On mttp://iepk.hqufa.ubka. ax/kayi/kromfvern/Onap`ejnsysubnae ap`ejnsysubnaebo`kturk^;??4= bo`kturk^;??4=.pi .pi Yextnsofebtfhfons.ona Yextnsofebtfhfons.o na (3778). Onap`ejns: E` Eb`koe eb `ns Onapuestns ie Onnrifbkofÿb. Seouperkin ie: mttps://www.textnsofebtfhfons.ona/qufafok/fbnrdkb mttps://www.textnsofebtfhfons .ona/qufafok/fbnrdkbfok/aetk`es-trkbsfofnb/o fok/aetk`es-trkbsfofnb/onap`ejns nap`ejns Yextnsofebtfhfons.ona Yextnsofebtfhfons.o na (3778).Búaern ie onnrifbkofÿb y denaetráks. Seouperkin ie: mttps://www.textnsofebtfhfons.ona/qufafok/fbnrdkb mttps://www.textnsofebtfhfons .ona/qufafok/fbnrdkbfok/aetk`es-trkbsfofnb/b fok/aetk`es-trkbsfofnb/buaern-onn uaern-onn rifbkofnb-denaetrfks Ubfversfiki ie `ks Kaærfoks ie Wuec`k (_.h) Okpátu`n ;, onap`ejns ie onnrifbkofÿb. Seouperkin ie: mttp://oktkrfbk.ui`kp.ax/u^i`^k/tk`es/inouae mttp://oktkrfbk.ui`kp.ax/u ^i`^k/tk`es/inouaebtns/`qh/merakb^m^e btns/`qh/merakb^m^e/okpftu`n;.pih /okpftu`n;.pih D`eb E. Sniders (;665). [uáafok fbnrdëbfok, fbtrniuoofÿb k `k quáafok ie onnrifbkofÿb, ie` estkin sÿ`fin y iesorfptfvk. pp. ;= Iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax(_.h). Iepk.hqufa.ubka. ax(_.h). Onapuestns ie onnrifbkofÿb, fbtrniuoofÿb y bnaebo`kturk. Wëd ;. Seouperkin ie: mttp://iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax/Fbnrdkbfok/pihs/k`u mttp://iepk.hqufa.ubka. ax/Fbnrdkbfok/pihs/k`uabnson`nronnri.p abnson`nronnri.pih ih Ubfversfiki Bkofnbk` ie `k Wktkdnbfk _kb Jukb Cnson  (_.h.). Onap`ejns ie aetk`es. Seouperkin ie: mttp://www.hob.ubp.eiu.kr/sftfn/qufafokfbnrdkbfok mttp://www.hob.ubp.eiu .kr/sftfn/qufafokfbnrdkbfok/wp-onbtebt/up`nkis /wp-onbtebt/up`nkis/onap`ejns.pih /onap`ejns.pih Cebjkafb, _. (_.h.). Fsnaerfsan y Yenrák ie` Okapn Orfstk`fbn. Seouperkin ie: mttps://www.kokieafk.eiu/8=7736=/Fsn mttps://www.kokieafk. eiu/8=7736=/Fsnaerfsan^y^Yenrák^ aerfsan^y^Yenrák^ie`^Okapn^Orfstk`fbn ie`^Okapn^Orfstk`fbn Iepk.hqufa,ubka.ax(_.h.). Iepk.hqufa,ubka. ax(_.h.). Yenrák ie nrcftk`es an`eou`kres. Seouperkin ie: mttp://iepk.hqufa.ubka.ax/kayi/kromfvern/Nrcftk mttp://iepk.hqufa.ubka. ax/kayi/kromfvern/Nrcftk`esAn`eou`kres^; `esAn`eou`kres^;;;9?.pih ;;9?.pih