Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA(GBSS14.0_04)

GSM BSS GBSS14.0

Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description Issue

04

Date

2013-04-12

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

Contents

Contents 1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Scope..................................................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Intended Audience..............................................................................................................................................2 1.3 Change History...................................................................................................................................................2

2 Overview.........................................................................................................................................5 3 Iur-g Interface Between GSM and WCDMA...........................................................................6 4 Measurement of Neighboring WCDMA Cells........................................................................7 5 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT Cell Reselection............................................................................9 5.1 Cell Reselection from WCDMA to GSM.........................................................................................................10 5.1.1 Cell Reselection from WCDMA to GSM for MSs in Idle Mode............................................................10 5.1.2 WCDMA-to-GSM NACC.......................................................................................................................10 5.2 Cell Reselection from GSM to WCDMA.........................................................................................................11 5.2.1 Cell Reselection Based on Cell Ranking.................................................................................................11 5.2.2 Optimized GSM-to-WCDMA Cell Reselection in Packet Transfer Mode.............................................12 5.2.3 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release.................................................................................13 5.2.4 NC2 between GSM and WCDMA..........................................................................................................15 5.2.5 Forced NC2 Between GSM and WCDMA.............................................................................................20 5.3 BSC supporting Blind Search...........................................................................................................................21

6 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT CS Handover...............................................................................23 6.1 CS Handover from WCDMA to GSM.............................................................................................................24 6.2 CS Handover from GSM to WCDMA.............................................................................................................24 6.2.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................24 6.3 Service-Based CS Handover from GSM to WCDMA.....................................................................................25 6.3.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................25 6.3.2 Procedure.................................................................................................................................................25 6.4 Load-Based CS Handover from GSM to WCDMA.........................................................................................26 6.4.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................26 6.4.2 Procedure.................................................................................................................................................26

7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover................................................................................28 7.1 WCDMA-to-GSM PS Handover......................................................................................................................29 7.1.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................29 Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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Contents

7.1.2 Procedure.................................................................................................................................................29 7.2 GSM-to-WCDMA PS Handover......................................................................................................................31 7.2.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................31 7.2.2 Procedure.................................................................................................................................................33

8 Related Features...........................................................................................................................36 9 Impact on the Network...............................................................................................................40 9.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability.......................................................................................................................40 9.1.1 Impact on System Capacity.....................................................................................................................40 9.1.2 Impact on Network Performance.............................................................................................................40 9.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover........................................................................................................40 9.2.1 Impact on System Capacity.....................................................................................................................40 9.2.2 Impact on Network Performance.............................................................................................................40 9.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover............................................................................................................40 9.3.1 Impact on System Capacity.....................................................................................................................41 9.3.2 Impact on Network Performance.............................................................................................................41 9.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State....................................................................................................41 9.4.1 Impact on System Capacity.....................................................................................................................41 9.4.2 Impact on Network Performance.............................................................................................................41 9.5 BSC supporting Blind Search...........................................................................................................................41 9.5.1 Impact on System Capacity.....................................................................................................................41 9.5.2 Impact on Network Performance.............................................................................................................41 9.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release..........................................................................................41 9.6.1 Impact on System Capacity.....................................................................................................................41 9.6.2 Impact on Network Performance.............................................................................................................42

10 Engineering Guidelines...........................................................................................................43 10.1 When to Use Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA.........................................................................43 10.1.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability............................................................................................................43 10.1.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover.............................................................................................43 10.1.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover.................................................................................................43 10.1.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State.........................................................................................44 10.1.5 BSC supporting Blind Search................................................................................................................44 10.1.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release...............................................................................44 10.2 Information to Be Collected...........................................................................................................................44 10.2.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability............................................................................................................44 10.2.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover.............................................................................................44 10.2.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover.................................................................................................44 10.2.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State.........................................................................................44 10.2.5 BSC supporting Blind Search................................................................................................................45 10.2.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release...............................................................................45 10.3 Network Planning...........................................................................................................................................45 10.3.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability............................................................................................................45 Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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Contents

10.3.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover.............................................................................................45 10.3.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover.................................................................................................46 10.3.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State.........................................................................................46 10.3.5 BSC supporting Blind Search................................................................................................................46 10.3.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release...............................................................................47 10.4 Overall Deployment Procedure......................................................................................................................47 10.5 Deploying GSM/WCDMA Interoperability...................................................................................................47 10.6 Deploying 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State.................................................................................47 10.7 Deploying GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover....................................................................................47 10.8 Deploying GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover........................................................................................47 10.9 Deploying Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release......................................................................48 10.10 Deploying BSC supporting Blind Search.....................................................................................................48 10.11 Performance Optimization............................................................................................................................48 10.11.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability and 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State............................48 10.11.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover and GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover.....................48 10.11.3 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release.............................................................................49 10.11.4 BSC supporting Blind Search..............................................................................................................49 10.12 Troubleshooting............................................................................................................................................49

11 Parameters...................................................................................................................................50 12 Counters....................................................................................................................................134 13 Glossary.....................................................................................................................................152 14 Reference Documents.............................................................................................................153

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

1 Introduction

1

Introduction

1.1 Scope This document describes the Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA feature, including its technical description, feature dependencies, network impact, and engineering guidelines. The technical description includes measurement of neighboring WCDMA cells, GSM/WCDMA inter-RAT cell reselection, and GSM/WCDMA inter-RAT CS/PS handover. The Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA feature involves the following features: l

GBFD-114301 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

l

GBFD-114321 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover

l

GBFD-114322 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover

l

GBFD-114323 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State

l

GBFD-114325 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release

l

GBFD-511101 Load Based Handover Enhancement on Iur-g

l

GBFD-511102 NACC Procedure Optimization Based on Iur-g

l

GBFD-511103 GSM and WCDMA Load Balancing Based on Iur-g

l

GBFD-511104 GSM and WCDMA Traffic Steering Based on Iur-g

l

GBFD-119502 PS Handover

l

GBFD-116201 Network-Controlled Cell Reselection (NC2)

l

GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search

The following features are described in this document: l

GBFD-114301 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

l

GBFD-114321 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover

l

GBFD-114322 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover

l

GBFD-114323 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State

l

GBFD-114325 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release

l

GBFD-119502 PS Handover

l

GBFD-116201 Network-Controlled Cell Reselection (NC2)

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

l

1 Introduction

GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search

The following features are described in the Common Radio Resource Management Feature Parameter Description: l

GBFD-511101 Load Based Handover Enhancement on Iur-g

l

GBFD-511103 GSM and WCDMA Load Balancing Based on Iur-g

l

GBFD-511104 GSM and WCDMA Traffic Steering Based on Iur-g

The following features are described in the NACC Feature Parameter Description: l

GBFD-511102 NACC Procedure Optimization Based on Iur-g

1.2 Intended Audience This document is intended for: l

Personnel who need to understand the Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA feature

l

Personnel who work with Huawei GSM products

1.3 Change History This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows: l

Feature change: refers to a change in the Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA feature of a specific product version.

l

Editorial change: refers to a change in wording or the addition of information that was not described in the earlier version.

Document Issues The document issues are as follows: l

04 (2013-04-12)

l

03 (2012-12-31)

l

02 (2012-08-30)

l

01 (2012-04-28)

l

Draft A (2012-02-15)

04 (2013-04-12) This is the fourth release of GBSS14.0. Compared with issue 03 (2012-12-31) of GBSS14.0, issue 04 (2013-04-12) of GBSS14.0 incorporates the changes described in the following table

Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

Change Type

Change Description

Parameter Change

Feature change

Added section 5.2.2 Optimized GSM-to-WCDMA Cell Reselection in Packet Transfer Mode

None

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1 Introduction

Change Type

Change Description

Parameter Change

Editorial change

Added descriptions about the mutually exclusive features and impacted features of GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search. For details, see chapter 8 Related Features.

None

03 (2012-12-31) This is the third release of GBSS14.0. Compared with issue 02 (2012-08-30) of GBSS14.0, issue 03(2012-12-31) of GBSS14.0 incorporates the changes described in the following table Change Type

Change Description

Parameter Change

Feature change

Added the following chapter:

Added the following parameter:

Chapter 5.2.5 Forced NC2 Between GSM and WCDMA

GSMTOFDD FORCENC2 Editorial change

None

None

02 (2012-08-30) This is the second release of GBSS14.0. Compared with issue 01 (2012-04-28) of GBSS14.0, issue 02 (2012-08-30) of GBSS14.0 incorporates the changes described in the following table. Change Type

Change Description

Parameter Change

Feature change

None

None

Editorial change

Deleted the descriptions of cell reselection based on cell priority and added the relevant descriptions to the Interoperability Between GSM and LTE Feature Parameter Description.

None

01 (2012-04-28) This is the first release of GBSS14.0. Compared with issue draft A (2012-02-15) of GBSS14.0, issue 01 (2012-04-28) of GBSS14.0 has no change. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

1 Introduction

Draft A (2012-02-15) This is a draft. Compared with issue 01 (2011-03-31) of GBSS13.0, draft A (2012-02-15) of GBSS14.0 incorporates the changes described in the following table. Change Type

Change Description

Parameter Change

Feature change

Added the GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search feature.

Added the following parameter:

Optimized the GBFD-114325 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release Editorial change

Added the following chapters:

INPUT3GARFCNEN INTERRATCELLRESELOPTEN

None

l Chapter 8 Related Features l Chapter 9 Impact on the Network l Chapter 10 Engineering Guidelines

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

2 Overview

2

Overview

WCDMA and GSM will coexist for a long time. Therefore, Huawei GSM BSS provides GSM/ WCDMA interoperability, which allows inter-RAT handovers and inter-RAT cell reselections between GSM and WCDMA. GSM/WCDMA interoperability supports smooth evolution from GSM to WCDMA, which helps reduce operators' capital expenditure (CAPEX). This feature provides operators with both WCDMA and GSM networks complete support for a seamless coverage from GSM to WCDMA. For example, with the cell reselection or handover function, operators can keep providing services for a dual-mode MS that moves away from the WCDMA coverage, thereby improving user experience. In areas covered by both GSM and WCDMA networks, Interoperability between GSM and WCDMA balances traffic loads between two networks. For example, when the traffic load in a GSM cell is too high, Interoperability between GSM and WCDMA can hand over some calls in the GSM cell to a WCDMA cell. Interoperability between GSM and WCDMA also allows operators to set different service access policies in areas covered by both GSM and WCDMA networks. For example, GSM is preferentially selected for handling CS services and WCDMA for PS services. NOTE

All MSs mentioned in this document are multi-mode MSs that support both GSM and WCDMA.

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

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3 Iur-g Interface Between GSM and WCDMA

Iur-g Interface Between GSM and WCDMA Load information exchange is a prerequisite for the Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA feature. Load information exchange consists of the following types: l

Load information exchange through the core network (CN): Load information, which is carried in the information elements (IEs) in the signaling for handovers, is exchanged between the GSM BSC over the A interface and the WCDMA RNC over the Iu interface. In this situation, load information exchanges irregularly. Therefore, unnecessary handover attempts may occur.

l

Load information exchange through the Iur-g interface: Load information is exchanged between the GSM BSC and the WCDMA RNC through the Iur-g interface instead of the CN. Through the Iur-g interface, the GSM BSC and WCDMA RNC can exchange load information with each other by performing information exchange and common measurement. This simplifies the GSM/WCDMA interoperability procedure, shortens the handover delay, and increases the handover success rate.

Figure 3-1 shows the position of the Iur-g interface on a network. Figure 3-1 Position of the Iur-g interface on a network

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

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4 Measurement of Neighboring WCDMA Cells

Measurement of Neighboring WCDMA Cells To support cell reselection and handover from GSM to WCDMA, the BSS sends the neighboring WCDMA cell list and parameters for cell reselection and handover through system information (SI) to MSs. MSs then measure neighboring WCDMA cells based on the received information. SI consists of SI2quater and Measurement Information. SI2quater is sent on the BCCH, and Measurement Information is sent on the SACCH. The Send2QuterFlag parameter specifies whether to send SI2quater. MSs in GSM cells measure both the signal level of neighboring GSM cells and the signal quality of neighboring WCDMA cells. The BSS controls the neighboring cell measurement to avoid unnecessary measurements and reduce the power consumption of MSs. MSs in idle mode or packet transfer mode can perform inter-RAT cell reselection. MSs in dedicated mode can perform inter-RAT handover. Operators can set different measurement parameters for MSs operating in different modes. When an MS is in idle mode, it determines whether to measure information about neighboring WCDMA cells based on the value of QI and the receive level of the serving cell. The conditions for triggering measurement depend on the value of QI. l

If QI is set to a value within the range of 0 to 6, the measurement is triggered when the receive level of the serving cell is lower than QI.

l

If QI is set to a value within the range of 8 to 14, the measurement is triggered when the receive level of the serving cell is higher than QI.

l

If QI is set to 7, MSs always measure neighboring WCDMA cell information.

l

If QI is set to 15, MSs do not measure neighboring WCDMA cell information.

Normally, MSs in packet transfer mode determine whether to measure the information about neighboring WCDMA cells according to the value of QI and the receive level of the serving cell. If any of the following conditions are met, MSs in packet transfer mode determine whether to measure neighboring WCDMA cell information based on the value of QP and the receive level of the serving cell. l

The GSM cell has a PBCCH, and QP is broadcast on the PBCCH.

l

The serving GSM cell does not have a PBCCH but QP is broadcast on the BCCH. In addition, MSs have received the Packet Cell Change Order message or the Packet Measurement Order message that carries the GPRS cell reselection parameters of one or more WCDMA cells.

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

4 Measurement of Neighboring WCDMA Cells

The conditions for triggering measurement depend on the value of QP. l

If QP is set to a value within the range of 0 to 6, the measurement is triggered when the receive level of the serving cell is lower than the value of QP.

l

If QP is set to a value within the range of 8 to 14, the measurement is triggered when the receive level of the serving cell is higher than the value of QP.

l

If QP is set to 7, MSs always measure neighboring WCDMA cell information.

l

If QP is set to 15, MSs do not measure neighboring WCDMA cell information.

When an MS is in dedicated mode, it determines whether to measure the information about neighboring WCDMA cells based on QSEARCHC and the receive level of the serving cell. The conditions for triggering the measurement depend on the value of QSEARCHC. l

If QSEARCHC is set to a value within the range of 0 to 6, the measurement is triggered when the receive level of the serving cell is lower than QSEARCHC.

l

If QSEARCHC is set to a value within the range of 8 to 14, the measurement is triggered when the receive level of the serving cell is higher than QSEARCHC.

l

If QSEARCHC is set to 7, MSs always measure neighboring WCDMA cell information.

l

If QSEARCHC is set to 15, MSs do not measure neighboring WCDMA cell information.

QSEARCHC is contained in the Measurement Information message. After entering dedicated mode, MSs attempt to obtain QSEARCHC from the Measurement Information message transmitted on the SACCH. Before QSEARCHC is obtained, MSs use the value of QCI that is transmitted on the BCCH as the value of QSEARCHC.

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5 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT Cell Reselection

GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT Cell Reselection GSM/WCDMA inter-RAT cell reselection includes WCDMA-to-GSM cell reselection and GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection. Cell reselection is mainly performed by MSs. For MSs in idle mode, GSM/WCDMA interoperability involves only GSM/WCDMA inter-RAT cell reselection. A dual-mode or multi-mode MS camping on a GSM cell measures the information about neighboring WCDMA cells, and then decides whether to reselect the WCDMA cell based on cell reselection parameters. For MSs in packet transfer mode, cell reselection modes include network-controlled mode 0 (NC0), network-controlled mode 1 (NC1), and network-controlled mode 2 (NC2). MSs can reselect a WCDMA cell for PS services. NC0 cell reselection and NC1 cell reselection are performed by MSs without the intervention of the BSS. In NC2 cell reselection, the BSS sends signaling to steer MSs towards desired camping cells. The INTERRATCELLRESELEN parameter specifies whether to enable GSM/WCDMA interRAT cell reselection. When INTERRATCELLRESELEN is set to NO(No), the BSS does not send the neighboring WCDMA cell list and the parameters related to GSM/WCDMA inter-RAT cell reselection. In this case, MSs in a GSM cell cannot reselect a WCDMA cell.

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

5 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT Cell Reselection

5.1 Cell Reselection from WCDMA to GSM Cell reselection from WCDMA to GSM involves the cell reselection for MSs in idle and packet transfer modes. In addition, cell reselection for MSs in packet transfer mode is WCDMA-toGSM NACC or enhanced WCDMA-to-GSM NACC.

5.1.1 Cell Reselection from WCDMA to GSM for MSs in Idle Mode When an MS moves to the GSM coverage area and reselects a GSM cell, the MS initiates a location update to the GSM network if the location area is changed. The GSM network handles the location update regardless of whether the MS is from a WCDMA cell. In the BSS, the cell reselection procedure from WCDMA to GSM is the same as that between GSM cells. Therefore, this procedure is not described in this document.

5.1.2 WCDMA-to-GSM NACC The WCDMA-to-GSM NACC procedure is specified in 3GPP specifications. The GSM-toWCDMA NACC procedure, however, is not. Figure 5-1 shows the WCDMA-to-GSM NACC procedure. Figure 5-1 WCDMA-to-GSM NACC procedure

After the RNC determines that an MS should reselect a GSM cell, it sends a Cell Change Order From UTRAN message to the MS. If the WCDMA-to-GSM NACC procedure is applied, the Cell Change Order From UTRAN message carries the IE "Geran System Information" that contains the SI1, SI3, and SI13 of the target GSM cell. Before performing WCDMA-to-GSM NACC, the RNC obtains the SI of the target GSM cell through the RAN Information Management (RIM) procedure. The RIM procedure consists of SI request and SI update procedures. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

5 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT Cell Reselection

l

SI request procedure: This procedure is initiated by the source RNC, requesting the SI about the target GSM cell.

l

SI update procedure: This procedure is initiated by the target BSC, instructing the source RNC to update the SI about the target GSM cell.

After receiving the Cell Change Order From UTRAN message, the MS leaves the WCDMA cell and reselects the GSM cell. After the cell reselection is complete, the MS uses the SI about the target GSM cell in the initial packet access procedure. In this manner, the period of packet service disruption is shortened. During the WCDMA-to-GSM NACC procedure, the RIM procedure must be supported on the Gb interface. To support the RIM procedure, the BSC must be configured with the RIMSUP parameter for the NSE to indicate whether the RIM procedure is supported.

5.2 Cell Reselection from GSM to WCDMA Cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA includes cell reselection for MSs in idle and packet transfer modes. Cell reselection for MSs in idle mode refers to cell reselection based on cell ranking. Fast 3G Reselection at 2G CS Call Release and NC2 between GSM and WCDMA are optimized cell reselection solutions, which can accelerate cell reselection.

5.2.1 Cell Reselection Based on Cell Ranking MSs in a GSM cell obtain the neighboring WCDMA cell list and cell reselection parameters from SI2quater, and then measure neighboring WCDMA cells according to the list and parameters. The mechanism for NC0 or NC1 cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA for MSs in idle mode is the same as that for MSs in packet transfer mode. In the GSM network, cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA is controlled by QI, FDDQOFF, and FDDQMIN. QI is the start level for measuring neighboring WCDMA cells. In the NC0 or NC1 cell reselection for MSs in idle or packet transfer mode, MSs start to search for neighboring WCDMA cells when the level of the serving cell is lower than the value of QI (when QI is set to a value within the range of 0 to 6) or higher than the value of QI (when QI is set to a value within the range of 8 to 14). When QI is set to 7, MSs always search for neighboring WCDMA cells. Ec/No and Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) of the Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) are commonly used during neighboring WCDMA cell measurement. An MS starts GSM-toWCDMA cell reselections if the following conditions are met and last for more than five seconds: l

CPICH RSCP > RLA_C + FDDQOFF

l

CPICH Ec/No ≥ FDDQMIN - FDDQMINOFFSET

l

CPICH RSCP ≥ FDD_RSCP_threshold NOTE

In WCDMA, Ec/No is the ratio of energy per modulating bit to the noise spectral density. It is equivalent to C/I in GSM.

Where, l

RLA_C is the average receive level. In a GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection, the RSCP of the neighboring WCDMA cell must meet the following requirements: – RSCP > Average receive level of the serving cell + FDDQOFF – RSCP > Receive level of each neighboring GSM cell + FDDQOFF

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

5 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT Cell Reselection

l

FDDQOFF is the receive level difference between the candidate WCDMA cell and the serving GSM cell. This parameter is a key factor for controlling the GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection. The greater the value of FDDQOFF is, the more difficult it is for the GSMto-WCDMA cell reselection condition to be met, and more MSs will camp on the GSM cell.

l

FDDQMIN is the minimum Ec/No threshold for GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection. The greater the value of FDDQMIN is, the more difficult it is to meet the cell reselection condition. FDDQMINOFFSET is offset of the minimum Ec/No threshold for GSM-toWCDMA cell reselection. An MS determines the minimum receive level of a candidate WCDMA cell for cell reselection based on FDDQMIN and FDDQMINOFFSET. That is, FDDQMIN and FDDQMINOFFSETdo not determine the cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA directly but guarantee the signal quality of the candidate WCDMA cell.

l

FDD_RSCP_threshold is calculated as follows: – If FDD_RSCPmin is broadcast in the serving cell, then FDD_RSCP_threshold = FDDRSCPMIN - min((P_MAX - 21 dBm), 3 dB). – If FDD_RSCPmin is not broadcast in the serving cell and Qrxlevmin and Pcompensation can be obtained in the serving cell, then FDD_RSCP_threshold = Qrxlevmin + Pcompensation + 10 dB. – If FDD_RSCPmin is not broadcast in the serving cell and Qrxlevmin and Pcompensation cannot be obtained in the serving cell, then FDD_RSCP_threshold = -102dBm (the default value of FDD_RSCPmin). Where, – P_MAX is the maximum RF output power of an MS in a WCDMA cell. – Qrxlevmin is the minimum required RX level in a WCDMA cell. – Pcompensation is max(UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH – P_MAX, 0). – UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH is the maximum TX power level an MS may use when accessing a WCDMA cell on RACH. – FDDRSCPMIN is used to calculate the FDD_RSCP_threshold of the target cell for a GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection.

If multiple WCDMA cells meet the cell reselection conditions, the MS selects the cell with the highest RSCP as the target cell. The GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection cannot be triggered within five seconds after the WCDMA-to-GSM cell reselection. In case of a cell reselection occurring within the previous 15 seconds, FDDQOFF is increased by 5 dB. If both the conditions for the GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection and those for the GSM-to-GSM cell reselection are met, the MS selects a WCDMA cell as the target cell.

5.2.2 Optimized GSM-to-WCDMA Cell Reselection in Packet Transfer Mode This section describes the GBFD-114323 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State feature. This feature is designed to optimize cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA. It enables dualmode MSs in idle mode and in packet transfer mode to adopt different reselection policies to access the 3G network as required. An MS in idle mode searches for neighboring FDD cells based on the value of the Qsearch_I information element (IE) contained in system information (SI). The value of Qsearch_I is specified by the QI parameter. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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An MS in packet transfer mode searches for neighboring FDD cells based on the value of the Qsearch_P IE contained in the PACKET MEASUREMENT ORDER message. If an MS does not obtain the Qsearch_P IE, the MS searches for neighboring FDD cells based on the value of the Qsearch_I IE. The value of Qsearch_P is specified by the QP parameter. When QP is set to 15, MSs in packet transfer mode are not allowed to reselect to an neighboring FDD cell.

5.2.3 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release This section describes the GBFD-114325 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release feature .

Overview When an MS terminates a call in the GSM network, it camps on the cell in which the call is released and then starts neighboring cell measurement. When a neighboring WCDMA cell meets the requirements for cell reselection, the MS reselects the WCDMA cell. The WCDMA cell reselection is initiated after the MS receives the SI and performs the related calculation. When the feature Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release is activated, the BSS selects the best neighboring WCDMA cell based on the measurement information after the MS in a GSM cell terminates a CS call. Then, the BSS sends the MS the cell information through the Channel Release message, instructing the MS to camp on that WCDMA cell. With this feature, an MS can camp on a WCDMA cell without performing cell reselection decisions, accelerating cell reselection. This feature allows the MS to camp on the WCDMA cell for a longer period. In addition, the number of location area updates is reduced, and the paging success rate is increased, increasing the revenue of operators in the WCDMA network. NOTE

The WCDMA network in this document refers to the UTRAN FDD. FDD stands for frequency division duplex (FDD).

Procedure After an MS in a GSM cell releases a CS call, the BSC sends the MS a Channel Release message that carries the IE "Cell selection indicator after release of all TCH and SDCCH". This IE carries the neighboring WCDMA cell information, facilitating the MS to reselect a WCDMA cell. This feature needs the support of both the network and the MS. Figure 5-2 shows the cell reselection procedure for an MS-terminated call.

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Figure 5-2 Procedure for fast WCDMA reselection at 2G CS call release

1. After receiving a Release Complete message from the MS, the MSC sends a Clear Command message to the BSC, instructing the BSC to release the occupied resources on the A and Um interfaces. 2. The BSC sends a Channel Release message to the MS, instructing the MS to release the TCH or SDCCH on the Um interface. The Channel Release message may carry the IE "Cell selection indicator after release of all TCH and SDCCH", which contains the information about the target neighboring WCDMA cell. The MS in the serving GSM cell measures neighboring cells. If...

Then...

The information about neighboring WCDMA cells is carried in a measurement report (MR)

The BSC carries the information (including FDD-ARFCN and FDD_CELL_INFORMATION) about the best neighboring WCDMA cell in the Channel Release message, instructing the MS to reselect that neighboring WCDMA cell.

No neighboring WCDMA cell information is carried in an MR or the value of CELLSELECTAFTERCALLREL is NO (No)

The BSC does not carry the IE "Cell selection indicator after release of all TCH and SDCCH" in the Channel Release message.

3. After receiving the Channel Release message, the MS releases the main signaling link. Then, the MS sends a DISC frame to the BTS, instructing the BTS to release the TCH or SDCCH. 4. After receiving an Unnumbered Acknowledgement message, the MS switches to idle mode and initiates cell reselection based on the IE "Cell selection indicator after release of all TCH and SDCCH".

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If...

Then...

The Channel Release message contains the IE "Cell selection indicator after release of all TCH and SDCCH"

The MS attempts to camp on the cell indicated in the Channel Release message.

The Channel Release message does not contain the IE "Cell selection indicator after release of all TCH and SDCCH"

The MS attempts to camp on the cell where the TCH or SDCCH is already released.

5. If step 4 fails, the MS performs a normal cell reselection procedure to camp on any appropriate cells.

5.2.4 NC2 between GSM and WCDMA This section describes the GBFD-116201 NC2 between GSM and WCDMA feature . NC2 cell reselection can be performed for inter-RAT cell reselection only when an MS is in packet transfer mode. NC2 cell reselection between GSM and WCDMA refers to the network-controlled cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA triggered by a BSC. NC2 cell reselection is activated after the NCO parameter is set to NC2(NC2). In NC2 cell reselection mode, an MS generally determines whether to measure neighboring WCDMA cells based on the value of QI and the receive level of the serving cell. If any of the following conditions are met, the MS determines whether to measure neighboring WCDMA cells based on the value of QP and the receive level of the serving cell: l

The serving GSM cell has a PBCCH, and QP is broadcast on the PBCCH.

l

The serving GSM cell does not have a PBCCH but QP is broadcast on the BCCH. In addition, MSs have received the Packet Cell Change Order message or the Packet Measurement Order message that carries the GPRS cell reselection parameters of one or more WCDMA cells.

In NC2 cell reselection mode, an MS performs inter-RAT neighboring WCDMA cell measurements based on QP, FDDFREQCNUM, FDDCELLOFF, and FDDCELLTHRED and sends MRs. l

QP is the threshold for an MS in PS mode to search for WCDMA cells. If the level of the serving GSM cell is lower than the value of QP (when QP is within the range of 0 to 6) or higher than the value of QP (when QP is within the range of 8 to 14), the MS starts to search for WCDMA cells.

l

FDDFREQCNUM is the number of WCDMA cells that should be contained in the best cell list, which is carried in the MR from an MS.

l

FDDCELLOFF is the receive level offset for WCDMA cells. During the ranking of measured neighboring cells, the value of this parameter is added to the receive level of measured WCDMA cells.

l

FDDCELLTHRED is the threshold for reporting a WCDMA cell. The MS reports only the cells whose RSCP is greater than this threshold.

Figure 5-3 shows the procedure for NC2 cell reselection between GSM and WCDMA. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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Figure 5-3 Procedure for NC2 cell reselection between GSM and WCDMA

1.

An MS in the GPRS Mobility Management (GMM) Ready state periodically sends Packet Measurement Report messages or Packet Enhanced Measurement Report messages to the BSC. These MRs contain the RSCP of neighboring WCDMA cells.

2.

After receiving a packet MR, the BSC processes the measurement results. Then, the BSC determines whether to perform a cell reselection.

3.

If the BSC determines to initiate a cell reselection, it sends the Packet Cell Change Order message to the MS to instruct the MS to reselect the specified target WCDMA cell. Target cell reselection is based on the NC2 cell reselection algorithm.

4.

If a cell reselection fails, the MS sends the Packet Cell Change Failure message to the BSC. After receiving this message, the BSC subtracts PENALTYRXLEV from the receive level of the target cell. If the receive level of the target cell is less than PENALTYRXLEV, the BSC sets the receive level of the target cell to 0. The NC2 cell reselection algorithms include the service-based NC2 cell reselection algorithm, quality-based NC2 cell reselection algorithm, and load-based NC2 cell reselection algorithm.

Service-Based NC2 Cell Reselection Algorithm The service-based NC2 cell reselection is activated when TrafficReselAllow is set to PERMIT (Permit). The BSC may find the IE "Service UTRAN CCO" in multiple DL-UNITDATA PDUs, CREATE-BSS-PFC PDUs, or PS-HANDOVER-REQUEST PDUs sent from the SGSN. The BSS considers that the last received IE "Service UTRAN CCO" is of the highest priority. The IE "Service UTRAN CCO" carries Service UTRAN CCO Value part, which indicates the most suitable RAT for the current service. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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Table 5-1 lists the values of Service UTRAN CCO Value part and their meanings. Table 5-1 Values of Service UTRAN CCO Value part and their meanings Coding Bits

Meaning

000

Network initiated cell change order to UTRAN or PS handover to UTRAN procedure should be performed

001

Network initiated cell change order to UTRAN or PS handover to UTRAN procedure should not be performed

010

Network initiated cell change order to UTRAN or PS handover to UTRAN procedure should not be performed

111

If received, should be interpreted as no information available (bits 4-5 valid)

Other values

If received, should be interpreted as no information available

If the value of Service UTRAN CCO Value part is 000, the MS triggers a service-based cell reselection and selects the neighboring WCDMA cell with the highest receive level. If no neighboring WCDMA cell is available, the MS proceeds to perform a quality-based, loadbased, or coverage-based NC2 cell reselection.

Quality-Based NC2 Cell Reselection Algorithm The quality-based NC2 cell reselection is activated when URGENTRESELALLOW is set to PERMIT(Permit). When the conditions for triggering a service-based NC2 cell reselection are not met, the BSC determines whether to initiate a cell reselection based on the receive quality of the radio link on the Um interface. The MRs or Bit Error Rate (BER) indicates the receive quality on the radio link and the number of times bad radio link quality occurs. In a receive quality measurement period, if the MS receive quality deterioration ratio is greater than the CELLRXQUALWORSENRATIOTHRSH parameter, a quality-based NC2 cell reselection is initiated. l

MS receive quality deterioration ratio = Times of bad radio link quality/Number of radio link quality MRs

In quality-based NC2 cell reselection, the cell with the highest priority is selected as the target cell from candidate GSM cells. The priority of a cell is determined by its receive level and characteristics information such as cell type, and support for EDGE. In quality-based NC2 cell reselection, the candidate WCDMA cell with the highest receive level is selected as the target cell. If NC2LoadResel is set to Support(Support), the cell characteristics information also includes the load of the candidate GSM cells under the same BSC. In quality-based NC2 cell reselection, a candidate cell must meet the following conditions: Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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l

Receive level of the neighboring GSM candidate cell > Max(Receive level of the serving cell, MINACCRXLEV) + RESELHYST.

l

Measured RSCP of the neighboring WCDMA cell > FDDRSCPQUALTHRSH.

l

When NC2LoadResel is set to Support(Support), the neighboring GSM candidate cells under the same BSC are not congested.

l

When Service UTRAN CCO Value part is set to 010 or 001, none of the neighboring WCDMA cells is selected as the target cell.

Then, the highest level candidate cell within the highest priority cells is selected as the target cell. If a neighboring WCDMA cell is selected, an NC2 cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA is triggered.

Load-Based NC2 Cell Reselection Algorithm The load-based NC2 cell reselection algorithm is activated when LOADRESELALLOW is set to PERMIT(Permit). When neither the conditions for initiating a service-based NC2 cell reselection nor the conditions for initiating a quality-based NC2 cell reselection are met, a load-based NC2 cell reselection is initiated to balance the load among the cells in the network. In load-based NC2 cell reselection, some MSs in cells with heavy load are reselected to cells with light load. In addition, the MSs in neighboring cells should not be reselected to these heavily-loaded cells. Figure 5-4 shows a load-based NC2 cell reselection. Figure 5-4 Load-based NC2 cell reselection

When the serving cell is overloaded and the receive level in this cell is lower than LOADRESELMAXRXLEV, load-based NC2 cell reselection is triggered. l

If the channel multiplexing rate of a cell is higher than LOADRESELSTARTTHRSH, the cell load is heavy. Then, the load-based NC2 cell reselection should be enabled.

l

In a load-based NC2 cell reselection, only the MS whose signal level is lower than LOADRESELMAXRXLEV can be reselected to a neighboring cell.

In load-based NC2 cell reselection, the cell with the highest priority is selected as the target cell from the candidate GSM cells. The priority of a cell is determined by its receive level and Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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characteristics information such as cell type, and support for EDGE. Alternatively, the candidate WCDMA cell with the highest receive level is selected as the target cell. If NC2LoadResel is set to Support(Support), the characteristics information about a cell also includes the load of GSM candidate cells under the same BSC. In load-based NC2 cell reselection, a candidate cell must meet the following conditions: l

Receive level of the neighboring GSM cell > Max(Receive level of the serving cell, MINACCRXLEV) + RESELHYST.

l

Measured RSCP of the neighboring WCDMA cell > FDDRSCPQUALTHRSH.

l

When NC2LoadResel is set to Support(Support), the neighboring GSM candidate cells under the same BSC are not congested.

l

When Service UTRAN CCO Value part is set to 010 or 001, none of the neighboring WCDMA cells can be selected as the candidate cell.

Then, the highest level candidate cell within the highest priority cells is selected as the target cell. If a neighboring WCDMA cell is selected, an NC2 cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA is triggered.

Coverage-Based NC2 Cell Reselection Algorithm Coverage-based NC2 cell reselection is activated when NORMALRESELALLOW is set to PERMIT(Permit). When none of the conditions for initiating a service-based, quality-based, and load-based NC2 cell reselection are met and the P/N criterion for initiating a coverage-based NC2 cell reselection is met, a coverage-based NC2 cell reselection is initiated. The P/N criterion for initiating a coverage-based NC2 cell reselection is as follows: In the period specified by RESELWATCHPERIOD, the number of times that the receive level of the serving cell is lower than the value of MINACCRXLEV reaches the value of RESELWORSENLEVTHRSH. In coverage-based NC2 cell reselection, the cell with the highest priority is selected as the target cell from the candidate GSM cells. The priority of a cell is determined by its receive level and characteristics information such as cell type, and support for EDGE. Or, the candidate WCDMA cell with the highest receive level is selected as the target cell. If NC2LoadResel is set to Support (Support), the characteristics information about a cell also includes the load of the GSM candidate cells under the same BSC. In coverage-based NC2 cell reselection, a candidate cell must meet the following conditions: l

Receive level of the neighboring GSM candidate cell > Max(Receive level of the serving cell, MINACCRXLEV) + RESELHYST.

l

Measured RSCP of the neighboring WCDMA candidate cell > FDDRSCPQUALTHRSH.

l

When NC2LoadResel is set to Support(Support), the neighboring GSM candidate cell under the same BSC are not congested.

l

When Service UTRAN CCO Value part is set to 010 or 001, none of the neighboring WCDMA cells can be selected as the candidate cell.

Then, the highest level candidate cell within the highest priority cells is selected as the target cell. If a neighboring WCDMA cell is selected, an NC2 cell reselection from GSM to WCDMA is triggered. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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5.2.5 Forced NC2 Between GSM and WCDMA Overview To enable the forced network-controlled GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection function, set GSMTOFDDFORCENC2 to SUPPORT(Support) when NCO is set to NC0(NC0) or NC1 (NC1). The BSC sends a Packet Measurement Order message to MSs in packet transfer mode. This messages contains NC2 and inter-RAT measurement parameters. Based on these parameters, the MSs measure neighboring WCDMA cells and periodically send packet MRs to the BSC. To support this function, the BSC must be configured with a database of IMEI segments for MSs that do not support the forced network-controlled GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection function. The database consists of one or more IMEI segments. ImeiMin and ImeiMax specify start IMEI and end IMEI in an IMEI segment, respectively.

Forced NC2 Procedure Figure 5-5 shows the forced network-controlled GSM/WCDMA cell reselection procedure. Figure 5-5 Forced network-controlled cell reselection procedure

1.

Setting the NC2 mode The BSC is configured with a database of IMEI segments for MSs that do not support the forced network-controlled GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection function. Once the forced network-controlled GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection function is enabled, the BSC sends an IMEI query message to MSs in packet transfer mode to check whether

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these MSs support this function. If these MSs support this function, the BSC sends a Packet Measurement Order message to these MSs. The Packet Measurement Order message contains NC2 and the inter-RAT measurement control parameters, includingPsBestFddCellNum, PsFddCellRptOff, PsFddCellRptThd, PsFddRptThr2Ecno, and PsFddRptThr2Rscp. 2.

NC2 decision Using the MRs sent by the MS, the BSC makes the GSM/WCDMA NC2 decision and selects a target neighboring WCDMA cell that meets the following condition: Measured RSCP of the neighboring WCDMA cell > FDDRSCPQUALTHRSH The BSC checks the PS service duration for the MS. If the service duration is greater than the value of FddReselTimeThd and the MS is still in packet transfer mode, the BSC instructs the MS to reselect a WCDMA cell.

5.3 BSC supporting Blind Search This section describes the GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search feature. Generally, WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies and scrambling codes need to be configured for GSM-to- WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cell reselection. Based on the configured information, MSs search for appropriate neighboring WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cells to camp on. This feature allows the BSC to configure only WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies for GSM-to WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cell reselection. Based on configured WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies, MSs can automatically search for appropriate neighboring WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cells to camp on. Currently, few frequencies are used by a WCDMA/TD-SCDMA network. Therefore, using this feature can greatly simplify configurations for GSM-to- WCDMA/TDSCDMA cell reselection. The procedure for implementing this feature is as follows: 1.

The BSC selects frequencies. If frequencies have been configured for a cell, use the frequencies configured for the cell. If frequencies have not been configured for the cell, use the frequencies configured for the BSC.

2.

The BSC checks whether the cell is configured with a neighboring WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cell.

l

If the neighboring WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cell has been configured, the BSC sends an MS the SI2Quater carrying frequencies and scrambling codes used by the neighboring WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cell.

l

If the neighboring WCDMA/TD-SCDMA cell has not been configured, the BSC sends the MS the SI2Quater carrying frequencies configured by running the BSC6900 MML command SET GCELL3GARFCN or SET G3GARFCN. NOTE

The WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies configured by running the BSC6900 MML command SET GCELL3GARFCN are preferentially used. The detailed explanation is as follows: l If WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies have been configured by running the BSC6900 MML command SET GCELL3GARFCN, the BSC sends the information about the configured frequencies to the MS regardless of whether WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies are configured by running the BSC6900 MML command SET G3GARFCN. l If WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies have not been configured by running the BSC6900 MML command SET GCELL3GARFCN, the BSC sends the WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies configured by running the BSC6900 MML command SET G3GARFCN to the MS.

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6

6 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT CS Handover

GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT CS Handover GSM/WCDMA interoperability for MSs in dedicated mode involves GSM-to-WCDMA handover and WCDMA-to-GSM handover. Handovers are implemented by MSs and the BSS. GSM/WCDMA inter-RAT handovers include emergency handovers, better cell handovers, load-based inter-RAT handovers, and service-based inter-RAT handovers. Emergency handover is triggered when an ongoing call initiated by a multi-mode MS can no longer be processed in its serving cell due to limited network coverage or other factors. For example, when an MS making a call in the GSM cell edge is about to move outside the cell, an emergency handover is triggered to avoid call drops. For details, see the Handover Feature Parameter Description. Better cell handover is triggered when the signal quality of a neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell. Better cell handovers help improve service quality and user experience. For example, when the signal quality of a WCDMA cell is better than that of the serving GSM cell, MSs in the serving cell can be handed over to the WCDMA cell to achieve higher voice quality. For details, see the Handover Feature Parameter Description. Load-based inter-RAT handover is triggered when the traffic load on the serving cell is too high. For a WCDMA-to-GSM load-based handover, if the traffic load on the target GSM cell is also high, the target cell rejects the handover to avoid ping-pong handovers. Service-based handover allows an operator to use the MSC to choose a network for MSs. If the MSC indicates that a service-based handover should be performed on a call in a GSM cell, the BSS hands over the call to a WCDMA cell. If the MSC indicates that a call should not be handed over to a WCDMA call, the BSS does not hand over the call to a WCDMA cell when a handover is needed during the call.

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6.1 CS Handover from WCDMA to GSM MSs in dedicated mode can be handed over from a WCDMA cell to a GSM cell. The handover decision and handover procedure are controlled by the RNC. The BSS considers the handover from WCDMA to GSM as a general inter-BSC handover. The handover from WCDMA to GSM is supported when INTERRATINBSCHOEN is set to YES(Yes).

6.2 CS Handover from GSM to WCDMA 6.2.1 Overview Handover from GSM to WCDMA is supported when INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to YES(Yes). The BSS determines whether to initiate an inter-RAT handover from GSM to WCDMA. The process is as follows: 1.

An MS in dedicated mode obtains the neighboring WCDMA cell list and other information from measurement information.

2.

The MS reports the measurement result to the BSS through an MR.

3.

After receiving the measurement result, the BSS determines whether to initiate a handover based on the measurement result and the handover algorithm.

Inter-RAT handover from GSM to WCDMA can be classified into emergency handover and better 3G cell handover. The algorithm for emergency handover from GSM to WCDMA is the same as that for general emergency handover. For details, see the Handover Feature Parameter Description. In the GSM network, the HOOPTSEL parameter specifies whether a GSM cell or a WCDMA cell is preferentially selected as the target cell. l

If HOOPTSEL is set to Pre_2G_Cell(Preference for 2G cell), the BSC preferentially selects a GSM cell as the target cell.

l

If HOOPTSEL is set to Pre_3G_Cell(Preference for 3G cell), the BSC preferentially selects a WCDMA cell as the target cell.

l

If HOOPTSEL is set to Pre_2G_CellThres(Preference 2G cell by thresh), the BSC determines the target cell according to the receive level of the neighboring GSM cells and the value of HOPRETH2G. If the receive level of all neighboring GSM cells is lower than HOPRETH2G, the BSC selects a WCDMA cell as the target cell.

Better 3G cell handover can be performed only when both INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN and BET3GHOEN are set to YES(Yes). As the measurement result of a WCDMA cell can be reported in the format of RSCP or Ec/No, the methods for handover decision differ accordingly. l

When the value of FDDREP is RSCP(RSCP), the better 3G cell handover is triggered if during HOSTAT3G, the following condition is met for the period specified by HODURT3G:

CPICH RSCP > HORSCPTH3G Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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l

6 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT CS Handover

When the value of FDDREP is EcN0(Ec/N0), the better 3G cell handover is triggered if the following condition is met for the period specified by HODURT3Gwithin HOSTAT3G:

CPICH Ec/No > HOECNOTH3G

6.3 Service-Based CS Handover from GSM to WCDMA This section describes the GBFD-114321 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover feature.

6.3.1 Overview Operators can provide more diversified services when GSM and WCDMA coexist in a mixed network. Services of different types can be carried on different networks to optimize the utilization of resources. For example, voice services and low-rate data services are carried on the GSM network, and high-rate data services are carried on the WCDMA network to allow high peak throughput.

6.3.2 Procedure If INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN is set to YES(Yes), the BSC applies different handover algorithms for MSs to be handed over from a GSM cell to a WCDMA cell according to the setting of InterRatServiceLoadHoSwitch. l

If InterRatServiceLoadHoSwitch is set to CnService-based(CN Service-based), the BSC processes handovers according to the service handover attributes of the core network (CN) as follows: – If the service handover indicator of the CN is Handover to UTRAN or cdma2000 should be performed, the MS should be handed over to a WCDMA cell. In this case, the BSC selects a WCDMA cell from the neighboring cell list as the target cell and starts the handover from GSM to WCDMA. – If the service handover indicator of the CN is Handover to UTRAN or cdma2000 should not be performed, a GSM cell should be preferentially selected as the serving cell. In this case, the BSC does not start the handover from GSM to WCDMA. If a handover is required during the call, a GSM cell is preferentially selected as the target cell. – If the service handover indicator of the CN is Handover to UTRAN or cdma2000 shall not be performed, the MS must not be handed over to a WCDMA cell. In this case, the BSC will not hand over the MS to a WCDMA cell, and selects only a GSM cell as the target cell if a handover is required.

l

If InterRatServiceLoadHoSwitch is set to Service-based(Service-based), the BSC removes the WCDMA candidate cell whose uplink/downlink traffic is in the minor congestion level. If the MS is performing a CS service, the MS accesses the current GSM cell.

l

If InterRatServiceLoadHoSwitch is set to Load-based(Load-based) and the value of the IE "Service Handover" in the ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message sent from the CN is handover to UTRAN or cdma2000 should be performed, the BSC selects a neighboring WCDMA cell whose uplink and downlink loads meet the following condition from WCDMA candidate cells:

G2GLoadAdjustCoeff x Load of the current GSM serving cell – 10 x Load of the neighboring WCDMA cell ≥ 10 x G2G3GLdBlcDeltaThrd – 1000 Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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6 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT CS Handover

If multiple neighboring WCDMA cells meet the preceding condition, the BSC starts the directed retry to the WCDMA cell with the highest receive quality. If no neighboring WCDMA cell meets the preceding condition, the BSC selects a GSM cell as the target cell. NOTE

If there is no WCDMA candidate cell, or the directed retry to the WCDMA cell fails, the BSC starts the reassignment procedure to a GSM cell.

l

When InterRatServiceLoadHoSwitch is set to Dynamic-based(Dynamic Service/Loadbased): If the current cell has a normal load, the service-based WCDMA-to-GSM handover algorithm is applied. If the current cell has a high load, the load-based WCDMA-to-GSM handover algorithm is applied.

6.4 Load-Based CS Handover from GSM to WCDMA This section describes the GBFD-114322 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover feature .

6.4.1 Overview In a mixed network where GSM and WCDMA coexist, MSs in connected mode can be handed over between GSM and WCDMA to balance the overall network load and enlarge system capacity. If the GSM cell that the MS camps on is congested, the BSC redirects the MS to the WCDMA network according to the load of the WCDMA network.

6.4.2 Procedure If both INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN and OutSysLoadHoEn are set to YES(Yes), the following conditions must be met to trigger the handover between GSM and WCDMA for MSs in connected mode: l

The flow control level of the current system is smaller than or equal to SYSFLOWLEV.

l

The load on the serving cell is greater than or equal to TRIGTHRES.

l

The Service Handover attribute of the service is not handover to UTRAN or cdma2000 shall not be performed.

A candidate WCDMA cell must meet the following conditions: l

G2GLoadAdjustCoeff x Load of the current GSM serving cell – 10 x Load of the neighboring WCDMA cell ≥ 10 x G2G3GLdBlcDeltaThrd – 1000

l

For a WCDMA FDD cell, the following conditions must be met if FDDREP is set to RSCP (RSCP): – InterRATLoadHoRSCPStart– InterRATLoadHoRSCPBandWidth < CPICH RSCP < InterRATLoadHoRSCPStart – CPICH RSCP > IntRATLoadHORSCPThr

l

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6 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT CS Handover

– InterRATLoadHoEcNoStart – InterRATLoadHoEcNoBandWidth < CPICH Ec/No < InterRATLoadHoEcNoStart – CPICH Ec/No > IntRATLoadHOEcNoThr Cells that do not meet the preceding conditions are removed from the candidate WCDMA cell list. If there are multiple cells in the candidate cell list, the BSC selects the cell with the highest receive level.

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7

7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover

GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover This section describes the GBFD-119502 PS Handover Between GSM and WCDMA feature. PS handover is introduced in 3GPP Release 6. This feature involves WCDMA-to-GSM and GSM-to-WCDMA PS handovers.

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7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover

7.1 WCDMA-to-GSM PS Handover 7.1.1 Overview WCDMA-to-GSM PS handovers are initiated by the RNC. PS handovers have two phases: handover preparation and handover execution. On the BSS side, the preparation and execution procedures for WCDMA-to-GSM PS handovers are the same as those for inter-BSC handovers in the GSM system. WCDMA-to-GSM PS handovers are supported when SPTINTERRATINBSCPSHO is set to SUPPORT(Support).

7.1.2 Procedure This section uses an inter-SGSN WCDMA-to-GSM PS handover as an example. The procedures for the intra-SGSN and inter-SGSN WCDMA-to-GSM PS handovers are similar. The only difference is that during intra-SGSN WCDMA-to-GSM PS handover, there is no inter-SGSN signaling interaction because the GSM cell and the WCDMA cell use the same SGSN. Figure 7-1 shows the signaling procedure during handover preparation. Figure 7-1 WCDMA-to-GSM PS handover preparation

1. The RNC makes the decision to perform a handover to a GSM cell. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover

2. The RNC sends a Relocation Required message to the 3G SGSN, with the IE "Relocation Type" set to UE Involved in relocation of SRNS. 3. The 3G SGSN checks the IE "Target Cell Identifier" and determines that the handover is an inter-RAT handover. Then, the 3G SGSN sends a Forward Relocation Request message to the 2G SGSN of the target cell. 4. The 2G SGSN sends a PS Handover Request message to the BSS, requesting the BSS to reserve resources for the handover. The 2G SGSN then activates the PFC for the handover. 5. The BSS reserves resources and allocates a TBF for the handover based on the PFC. 6. The BSS creates the Target BSS to Source BSS Transparent Container, which contains the PS handover command. 7. The BSS responds to the 2G SGSN with a PS Handover Request Acknowledge message and is then ready to receive downlink data. 8. The 2G SGSN responds with a Forward Relocation Response message. The handover preparation is complete. Figure 7-2 shows the signaling procedure during handover execution. Figure 7-2 WCDMA-to-GSM PS handover execution

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7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover

1. The 3G SGSN receives downlink data from the GGSN and sends the data to the MS through the RNC. 2. The 3G SGSN sends a Relocation Command message to the source RNC. 3. The RNC forwards packet data to the 2G SGSN through the 3G SGSN. 4. The RNC suspends uplink and downlink data transfer, and sends a Handover From UTRAN Command message to the MS. After receiving this message, the MS suspends the uplink data transmission. 5. The RNC sends a Forward SRNS Context (RAB contexts) message to the 2G SGSN through the 3G SGSN. Then, the 2G SGSN responds with a Forward SRNS Context Acknowledge message. 6. The MS executes the handover. In this step, the MS sends access bursts (ABs) to the target BSS and accesses the target GSM cell. Then, the MS receives the timing advance (TA) from the BSS. 7./7a. After accessing the cell, the MS processes the Non-Access Stratum (NAS) container and then sends an exchange identifier (XID) Response message to the 2G SGSN to resume the uplink data transfer. 8. After receiving the first correct RLC/MAC block, the BSS sends a PS Handover Complete message to inform the 2G SGSN that the handover is successful. The 2G SGSN then forwards uplink data to the GGSN. 9. After receiving the PS Handover Complete message, the 2G SGSN sends a Forward Relocation Complete message to inform the 3G SGSN that the handover is complete. The 3G SGSN then responds with a Forward Relocation Complete Acknowledge message. 10. The 2G SGSN sends an Update PDP Context Request message to the GGSN. The GGSN then updates the PDP context fields and returns an Update PDP Context Response message. From now on the GGSN sends new incoming downlink IP packets to the 2G SGSN instead of to the 3G SGSN. 11. The 3G SGSN sends an Iu Release Command message to the RNC to release related resources. After sending all necessary data to the MS, the RNC returns an Iu Release Complete message to the 3G SGSN. 12./12a. The 2G SGSN may initiate LLC/SNDCP XID negotiation. 13. The MS starts the routing area update. The handover is complete.

7.2 GSM-to-WCDMA PS Handover 7.2.1 Overview The conditions for triggering GSM-to-WCDMA PS handovers are defined in the GSM system, and the handovers are initiated by the BSC. PS handovers have two phases: handover preparation and handover execution.

Prerequisites The prerequisites for GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover are as follows: Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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l

7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover

The MS supports PS handover.

The radio access capability reported by the MS contains the PS handover field, which indicates that the MS supports PS handover. l

The BSC supports PS handover.

The BSC supports PS handover when PSHOSUP is set to YES(Support), and SPTINTERRATOUTBSCPSHO is set to SUPPORT(Support). l

NACCSPT is set to YES(Yes) if NCO is set to NC0(NC0) or NC1(NC1) because NC0 and NC1 are based on NACC.

l

NC2SPT is set to YES(Yes) if NCO is set to NC2(NC2).

l

The SGSN supports PS handover.

The BVC RESET and BVC RESET ACK messages sent over the Gb interface contain the Extended Feature Bitmap field, which specifies whether the Network Service Entity (NSE) supports PS handover: l

If the BVC RESET or BVC RESET ACK message sent by the SGSN does not contain the Extended Feature Bitmap field, or if the Extended Feature Bitmap field specifies that PS handover is not supported, none of the cells under the NSE of the SGSN support PS handover. That is, the source cell does not support PS handover.

l

If the Extended Feature Bitmap field specifies that PS handover is supported, all cells under the NSE of the SGSN support PS handover. That is, the source cell supports PS handover.

The BSC and the SGSN support the PFC procedure. PFCSUP is set to YES(Support).

Trigger Conditions The triggering conditions for GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover vary according to the setting of NCO: l

When NCO is set to NC0(NC0) or NC1(NC1): NACCSPT is set to YES(Yes). The MS sends the BSC a PACKET CELL CHANGE NOTIFICATION message, and target cell information contained in the message indicates that the target cell is a WCDMA cell. SPTINTERRATOUTBSCPSHO is set to SUPPORT (Support). NOTE

The purpose of setting NACCSPT to YES(Yes) when NCO is set to NC0(NC0) or NC1(NC1) is to enable MSs to send the BSC PACKET CELL CHANGE NOTIFICATION messages rather than to use the NACC feature. With the PACKET CELL CHANGE NOTIFICATION message, MSs can perform GSM-to-WCDMA PS handovers.

l

When NCO is set to NC2(NC2): The MS sends the BSC an MR, and the BSC detects that the target cell is a WCDMA cell that uses the PS handover algorithm. SPTINTERRATOUTBSCPSHO is set to SUPPORT (Support).

Handover Algorithms GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover algorithms are classified into the service-based handover algorithm, quality-based handover algorithm, load-based handover algorithm, and coverageIssue 04 (2013-04-12)

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7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover

based handover algorithm. Each handover algorithm has the same triggering conditions and target cell selection mechanism as the corresponding NC2 cell reselection algorithm. For example, the service-based handover algorithm has the same triggering conditions and target cell selection mechanism as the service-based NC2 cell reselection algorithm. For detailed cell reselection algorithms, see section 5.2.4 NC2 between GSM and WCDMA.

7.2.2 Procedure On the BSS side, the GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover procedure is similar to the inter-BSC PS handover procedure. The differences are as follows: l

The target cell is a WCDMA cell.

l

The PS Handover Required message carries the Source BSC to Target RNC Transparent Container, which contains IEs such as the MS radio access capability, paging mode, Global TFI, and target cell SI request.

l

The PS Handover Required Acknowledge message carries the Source RNC to Target BSC Transparent Container, which contains IEs such as the handover command and target cell SI request.

This section uses an inter-SGSN GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover as an example. The procedures for the intra-SGSN and inter-SGSN GSM-to-WCDMA PS handovers are similar. The only difference is that during intra-SGSN GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover, there is no inter-SGSN signaling interaction because the GSM cell and the WCDMA cell use the same SGSN. Figure 7-3 shows the signaling procedure during handover preparation. Figure 7-3 GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover preparation

1. The source BSS decides to initiate a PS handover to a WCDMA cell. At this point, both uplink and downlink user data is transmitted over the following: TBFs between the MS and the source Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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7 GSM/WCDMA Inter-RAT PS Handover

BSS, BSSGP PFC tunnels between the source BSS and the 2G SGSN, GTP tunnels between the 2G SGSN and the GGSN. 2. The source BSS sends a PS Handover Required message, which carries the Target RNC Identifier information, to the 2G SGSN. 3. After detecting that the handover is an inter-RAT handover to WCDMA based on the Target RNC Identifier, the 2G SGSN sends a Forward Relocation Request message to the 3G SGSN. 4. The 3G SGSN sends a Relocation Request message to request the target RNC to reserve resources in the target WCDMA cell. The target RNC responds with a Relocation Request Acknowledge message after resources are reserved in the target RNC. 6. The 3G SGSN sends a Forward Relocation Response message to the 2G SGSN. The handover preparation is complete. Figure 7-4 shows the signaling procedure during handover execution. Figure 7-4 GSM-to-WCDMA PS handover execution

The 2G SGSN continues to receive downlink and uplink user plane data.

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1.

After receiving a Forward Relocation Response message from the 3G SGSN, the 2G SGSN may forward downlink data to the target RNC through the 3G SGSN. The target RNC then sends the data to the MS over the air interface.

2.

The 2G SGSN continues the PS handover by sending a PS Handover Required Acknowledge message to the BSS. Before sending this message, the 2G SGSN, based on QoS, may suspend downlink data transfer for any PDP contexts.

3.

The 2G SGSN forwards the GTP-U context to the target RNC.

4.

The BSS sends a PS Handover Command message containing the Handover to UTRAN Command message to the MS, instructing the MS to hand over to the target WCDMA cell.

5.

The MS accesses the WCDMA cell.

6.

After detecting that the MS has accessed the target cell, the RNC sends a Relocation Detect message to the 3G SGSN.

7.

The MS sends a Handover to UTRAN Complete message to the RNC.

8.

When the new source RNC-ID + S-RNTI are successfully exchanged with the MS, the RNC sends a Relocation Complete message to inform the 3G SGSN that the handover is complete.

9.

The 3G SGSN sends a Forward Relocation Complete message to inform the 2G SGSN that the handover is complete and the reserved resources should be released.

10. The 3G SGSN sends an Update PDP Context Request message to the GGSN. The GGSN updates the PDP context fields. After the PDP context fields are updated, the GGSN sends new incoming downlink IP packets to the 3G SGSN instead of to the 2G SGSN. 11. The 2G SGSN performs the PFC procedure to release the corresponding resources. 12. The MS updates the route area. The handover is complete.

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8 Related Features

8

Related Features

Feature

Prerequisite Feature

Mutually Exclusive Feature

Affected Feature

GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

None

None

l When the GSM/ WCDMA Interoperability feature is used with the GBFD-511403 Extended BCCH feature, the delay in a location update after WCDMA-toGSM cell reselection decreases and the CS paging success rate increases. l When the GSM/ WCDMA Interoperability feature is used with GBFD-114325 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release, an MS can reselect a WCDMA cell after releasing a call in a GSM cell. This reduces the number of location updates and the duration for the MS to camp on the GSM cell, increases the CS paging success rate,

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Feature

Prerequisite Feature

8 Related Features

Mutually Exclusive Feature

Affected Feature and improves user experience.

2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State

None

GBFD-116201 Network-Controlled Cell Reselection (NC2)

l When the 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State feature is used with the GBFD-511403 Extended BCCH feature, the delay in a location update after WCDMA-toGSM cell reselection decreases and the CS paging success rate increases. l When the 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State feature is used with GBFD-114325 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release, an MS can reselect a WCDMA cell after releasing a call in a GSM cell. This reduces the number of location updates and the duration for the MS to camp on the GSM cell, increases the CS paging success rate, and improves user experience.

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8 Related Features

Feature

Prerequisite Feature

Mutually Exclusive Feature

Affected Feature

BSC supporting Blind Search

GBFD-114301 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability or GBFD-114302 GSM/TD-SCDMA Interoperability

NC2 cannot be used when GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search is enabled because the target cell in cell reselection in NC2 mode is determined based on the information about neighboring 3G cells reported by MSs.

Enabling GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search affects the implementation of NC1.

l GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search is mutually exclusive with the following feature: GBFD-511405 NC2 between GSM and TDSCDMA l GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search is mutually exclusive with the following functions: Forced NC2 between GSM and WCDMA function

With the BSC supporting Blind Search feature, the BSC sends only frequency information to MSs. MSs in packet transfer mode cannot send MRs about neighboring 3G cells to the BSC based on the frequency information. However, cell reselection of MSs in NC1 mode is not affected because MSs can perform autonomous cell reselections.

GSM-toWCDMA/TDSCDMA networkcontrolled cell reselection function in the GBFD-116201 NetworkControlled Cell Reselection (NC2) feature

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8 Related Features

Feature

Prerequisite Feature

Mutually Exclusive Feature

Affected Feature

GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover

GBFD-114301 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

None

None

GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover

GBFD-114301 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

None

None

Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release

GBFD-114301 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

None

None

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9

9 Impact on the Network

Impact on the Network

9.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability 9.1.1 Impact on System Capacity The GSM/WCDMA Interoperability feature allows MSs to hand over to WCDMA cells in areas covered by both GSM and WCDMA networks. This increases the overall capacities of the GSM and WCDMA networks.

9.1.2 Impact on Network Performance In areas covered by both GSM and WCDMA networks, this feature allows MSs to hand over to WCDMA cells. This increases PS data rates. In areas are covered by only the GSM network, this feature allows MSs to hand over to GSM cells. This ensures service continuity.

9.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover 9.2.1 Impact on System Capacity The GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover feature enables the CN to appropriately allocate services of different types to the GSM and WCDMA networks. This increases the overall capacities of the GSM and WCDMA networks. With this feature, the CN allocates CS services and low-rate PS services to the GSM network and high-rate PS services to the WCDMA network. This maximizes the peak throughput.

9.2.2 Impact on Network Performance None

9.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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9 Impact on the Network

9.3.1 Impact on System Capacity The GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover feature allows MSs to handover from a GSM cell to a WCDMA cell when the GSM cell is congested. This balances the load between the GSM and WCDMA networks, improves the overall capacities of the GSM and WCDMA networks, and prevents the system from being overloaded.

9.3.2 Impact on Network Performance This feature decreases the congestion rate in GSM cells.

9.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State 9.4.1 Impact on System Capacity With QP set to a value ranging from 0 to 15, this feature allows GSM/WCDMA dual-mode MSs in packet transfer mode to reselect to WCDMA cells or GSM cells in areas covered by both GSM and WCDMA networks. This increases the overall capacities of the GSM and WCDMA networks.

9.4.2 Impact on Network Performance In areas covered by both GSM and WCDMA networks, with QP set to a value ranging from 0 to 15, this feature allows GSM/WCDMA dual-mode MSs in packet transfer mode to reselect to WCDMA cells or GSM cells. This increases PS data rates, prevents these MSs from automatically searching for neighboring WCDMA cells, and therefore reduces KPI deterioration.

9.5 BSC supporting Blind Search 9.5.1 Impact on System Capacity N/A

9.5.2 Impact on Network Performance The BSC supporting Blind Search feature enables the BSC to configure only WCDMA/TDSCDMA frequencies for cell reselection. Such a cell reselection takes a longer time than a cell reselection using both WCDMA/TD-SCDMA frequencies and scrambling codes.

9.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release 9.6.1 Impact on System Capacity The Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release feature reduces the duration for MSs to camp on GSM cells and decreases the number of times that the MSs initiate services in GSM cells. This increases the overall capacities of the GSM and WCDMA networks. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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9 Impact on the Network

9.6.2 Impact on Network Performance This feature allows MSs to reselect WCDMA cells after releasing calls in GSM cells. This decreases the number of location updates and increases the CS paging success rate.

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10

10 Engineering Guidelines

Engineering Guidelines

10.1 When to Use Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA 10.1.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability NOTE

When setting inter-RAT cell reselection parameters and handover thresholds, take note of the correlation between the GSM and TD-SCDMA parameters to prevent ping-pong cell reselections and handovers: Set FddRptThreshold2Ecno and FddRptThreshold2Rscp to 10.

It is recommended that the GSM/WCDMA Interoperability feature be used with the following function: l

Early classmark sending function: Set ECSC to YES(Yes) to enable this function. With this function, the BSC quickly determines whether MSs camping on a GSM cell are dualmode MSs.

10.1.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover It is recommended that the GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover feature be used in scenarios where both the GSM and WCDMA networks are covered and differentiated QoS is supported by CS and PS services. With this feature, PS services are preferentially processed in the WCDMA network, whereas CS services are still processed in the GSM network.

10.1.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover It is recommended that the GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover feature be used in scenarios where both the GSM and WCDMA networks are covered and the GSM network is overloaded. In coordination with the CN, this feature allocates CS services to the WCDMA network. This increases the resource usage of the WCDMA network, decreases the load and interference on the GSM network, and ensures the QoS of CS services.

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10 Engineering Guidelines

10.1.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State NOTE

When setting inter-RAT cell reselection parameters and handover thresholds, take note of the correlation between the GSM and TD-SCDMA parameters to prevent ping-pong cell reselections and handovers.

It is recommended that the 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State feature be used with the following function: l

Early classmark sending function: Set ECSC to YES(Yes) to enable this function. With this function, the BSC quickly determines whether MSs camping on a GSM cell are dualmode MSs.

10.1.5 BSC supporting Blind Search None

10.1.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release None

10.2 Information to Be Collected 10.2.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability Before deploying the GSM/WCDMA Interoperability feature, collect the following information: l

WCDMA network planning information: used for configuring neighboring cells.

l

Interoperability policies for operators, such as the requirements for setting inter-RAT cell reselection parameters and whether GSM-to-WCDMA CS handover is required: used to properly set specific parameters and determine whether to enable specific functions.

10.2.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover Before deploying the GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover feature, collect the following information: Whether the CN for GSM CS services supports GSM/WCDMA service-based handovers: used to determine whether this feature is allowed.

10.2.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover Before deploying the GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover feature, collect the following information: Load information about GSM cells, such as TCH congestion rate and proportion of TCHHs to all TCHs in GSM cells: used to set parameters related to this feature.

10.2.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State Before deploying the 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State feature, collect the following information: Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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10 Engineering Guidelines

l

WCDMA network planning information: used for configuring neighboring cells.

l

Interoperability policies for operators, such as the requirements for setting inter-RAT cell reselection parameters and whether GSM-to-WCDMA CS handover is required: used to properly set specific parameters and determine whether to enable specific functions.

10.2.5 BSC supporting Blind Search Before deploying the BSC supporting Blind Search feature, collect the following information: l

WCDMA/TD-SCDMA network planning information: used for configuring WCDMA/ TD-SCDMA frequencies.

l

Interoperability policies for operators, such as the requirements for setting inter-RAT cell reselection parameters and whether GSM-to- WCDMA/TD-SCDMA CS handover is required: used to properly set specific parameters and determine whether to enable specific functions.

10.2.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release Before deploying the Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release feature, collect the following information: l

The proportion of WCDMA cells to all cells in specified areas

l

Whether GSM/WCDMA dual-mode MSs are used

10.3 Network Planning 10.3.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability RF Planning N/A

Network Topology For GSM cells to be enabled with the GSM/WCDMA Interoperability feature, plan neighboring cell configurations based on the topology of the adjacent WCDMA network. A GSM cell can be configured with a maximum of 64 neighboring WCDMA cells. These neighboring cells can use a maximum of three frequencies, with each frequency supporting a maximum of 32 neighboring WCDMA cells.

Hardware Planning N/A

10.3.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover RF Planning N/A Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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Network Topology N/A

Hardware Planning N/A

10.3.3 GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover RF Planning N/A

Network Topology N/A

Hardware Planning N/A

10.3.4 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State RF Planning N/A

Network Topology N/A

Hardware Planning N/A

10.3.5 BSC supporting Blind Search RF Planning N/A

Network Topology l

If INPUT3GARFCNENTYPE is set to FDD, The BSC supporting Blind Search feature supports a maximum of eight 3G frequencies.ARFCN1 through ARFCN8 are valid, whereas ARFCN9 through ARFCN16 are invalid.

l

If INPUT3GARFCNENTYPE is set to TDD, The BSC supporting Blind Search feature supports a maximum of sixteen 3G frequencies. ARFCN1 through ARFCN16 are valid.

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Hardware Planning N/A

10.3.6 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release RF Planning N/A

Network Topology N/A

Hardware Planning N/A

10.4 Overall Deployment Procedure The GSM/WCDMA Interoperability feature, which are basic feature, need to be deployed preferentially. Other features are optional and can be enabled based on individual needs.

10.5 Deploying GSM/WCDMA Interoperability For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring GSM/ WCDMA Interoperability.

10.6 Deploying 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State.

10.7 Deploying GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring GSM/ WCDMA Service Based Handover.

10.8 Deploying GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring GSM/ WCDMA Load Based Handover.

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10.9 Deploying Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring the Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release..

10.10 Deploying BSC supporting Blind Search For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring BSC supporting Blind Search.

10.11 Performance Optimization 10.11.1 GSM/WCDMA Interoperability and 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State Monitoring Monitor the number of allowed FDD calls to check whether the GSM/WCDMA Interoperability and 2G/3G Cell Reselection Based on MS State features need to be optimized.

Parameter Optimization If the number of allowed FDD calls is great, MSs are likely to camp on GSM cells. In addition to optimizing WCDMA coverage, modify the settings of SI-related parameters to increase the possibility of GSM-to-WCDMA cell reselection. You are advised to set QI to 7 to ensure that MSs always search for 3G cells. In addition, you are advised to set FDDQMINOFFSET, FDDRSCPMIN, and FDDQMIN to small values, and FDDQOFF to a large value.

10.11.2 GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover and GSM/ WCDMA Load Based Handover Monitoring Monitor the inter-RAT outgoing cell handover success rate and call drop rate to check whether the GSM/WCDMA Service Based Handover and GSM/WCDMA Load Based Handover features need to be optimized.

Parameter Optimization If the inter-RAT outgoing cell handover success rate is low, set RSCPOFF to a small value for increasing the number of candidate cells, and set HOSTAT3G to a large value for reducing the number of handovers. If the call drop rate is high, set ECNOOFF, HODURT3G, and TRIGTHRES to small values for accelerating handover decisions. Issue 04 (2013-04-12)

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10.11.3 Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release N/A

10.11.4 BSC supporting Blind Search N/A

10.12 Troubleshooting None

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11 Parameters

11

Parameters

Table 11-1 Parameter description Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

ARFCN1

BSC6900

SET G3GARFCN

GBFD-511110

BSC supporting Blind Search

Meaning:A configured UARFCN. If this parameter is set to 65535, the UARFCN is invalid. GUI Value Range: 0~16383;65535 Unit:None Actual Value Range:0~16383, 65535 Default Value: 65535

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

ARFCN16

BSC6900

SET G3GARFCN

GBFD-511110

BSC supporting Blind Search

Meaning:A configured UARFCN. If this parameter is set to 65535, the UARFCN is invalid. GUI Value Range: 0~16383;65535 Unit:None Actual Value Range:0~16383, 65535 Default Value: 65535

ARFCN8

BSC6900

SET G3GARFCN

GBFD-511110

BSC supporting Blind Search

Meaning:A configured UARFCN. If this parameter is set to 65535, the UARFCN is invalid. GUI Value Range: 0~16383;65535 Unit:None Actual Value Range:0~16383, 65535 Default Value: 65535

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

ARFCN9

BSC6900

SET G3GARFCN

GBFD-511110

BSC supporting Blind Search

Meaning:A configured UARFCN. If this parameter is set to 65535, the UARFCN is invalid. GUI Value Range: 0~16383;65535 Unit:None Actual Value Range:0~16383, 65535 Default Value: 65535

BET3GHOEN

BSC6900

SET GCELLHOUT RANFDD

GBFD-114301 GBFD-114302

GSM/WCDMA Interoperability GSM/TDSCDMA Interoperability

Meaning:Wheth er to enable the 3G better cell handover algorithm. If this parameter is set to YES, better cell handovers to 3G neighboring cells are allowed. GUI Value Range:NO(No), YES(Yes) Unit:None Actual Value Range:NO, YES Default Value:NO(No)

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

CELLRXQUA LWORSENRA TIOTHRSH

BSC6900

SET GCELLNC2P ARA

GBFD-116201

NetworkControlled Cell Reselection (NC2)

Meaning:The number of times that the downlink transmission quality of the MS is lower than the transmission quality threshold of the MS ("EDGE GMSK Quality Threshold", "EDGE 8PSK Quality Threshold", or "GPRS Quality Threshold" by TBF type) is calculated accumulatively. When the rate of the accumulated value to the number of received measurement reports on the downlink transmission quality (Packet Downlink Ack/ Nack message) is greater than or equal to the value of this parameter, the emergency reselection is triggered.

GBFD-511303

PS Handover Between GSM and LTE Based on Quality

GUI Value Range:0~100 Unit:% Actual Value Range:0~100 Default Value: 30

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

CELLSELEC TAFTERCAL LREL

BSC6900

SET GCELLCCAD

GBFD-114325

Fast WCDMA Reselection at 2G CS Call Release

Meaning:This parameter specifies whether to allow a mobile phone to preferentially camp on a 3G cell after a call is terminated in the areas covered by both the GSM network and the UMTS network. GUI Value Range:NO(No), YES(Yes) Unit:None Actual Value Range:NO, YES Default Value:NO(No)

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

ECNOOFF

BSC6900

ADD G3GNCELL

GBFD-114301

GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

Meaning:Offset in the Ec/No of a 3G neighboring cell. As a performance counter for FDD cells, Ec/No indicates the ratio of the energy per received chip to the spectral noise power density. If "FDDREP" in the "SET GCELLCCUTR ANSYS" command is set to Ec/No, the Ec/ No reported by the MS minus the value of this parameter is used as the level in the K criteria for handover decisions. The level is used for handovers from 2G networks to 3G networks. The decibel value corresponding to the parameter values are as follows: (For details, see the 3GPP TS 45.008 protocol.): 0: CPICH Ec/Io < -24 dB 1: -24 dB Average receive level of the current serving cell + "FDD Q offset"; The FDD cell meets the following condition in the case of any neighboring 2G cell: Receive level of the FDD cell > Receive level of any neighboring 2G cell + "FDD Q offset"; 2. Ec/No of the FDD cell > "FDD Qmin" "FDD Qmin Offset"; 3. Receive level of the FDD cell > "RSCP Threshold"; If multiple FDD cells meet the preceding conditions, the MS reselects the cell with the strongest

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

11 Parameters

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description receive level. See 3GPP TSs 45.008 and 25.304. GUI Value Range:0~7 Unit:dB Actual Value Range:0~7 Default Value:0

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

FDDQOFF

BSC6900

SET GCELLCCUT RANSYS

GBFD-114301

GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

Meaning:This parameter specifies one of the thresholds of the signal level for 3G cell reselection. A FDD cell becomes a candidate cell if all the following conditions are met for five consecutive seconds: 1.Receive level of the FDD cell > Average receive level of the current serving cell + "FDD Q offset"; The FDD cell meets the following condition in the case of any neighboring 2G cell: Receive level of the FDD cell > Receive level of any neighboring 2G cell + "FDD Q offset"; 2. Ec/No of the FDD cell > "FDD Qmin" "FDD Qmin Offset"; 3. Receive level of the FDD cell > "RSCP Threshold"; If multiple FDD cells meet the preceding conditions, the MS reselects the cell with the

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

11 Parameters

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description strongest receive level. See 3GPP TSs 45.008 and 25.304. The values of this parameter correspond to the following decibel values: 0: - (always select a cell if acceptable) 1: -28 dB, 2: -24 dB, ... 15: 28 dB. GUI Value Range:0~15 Unit:4dB Actual Value Range:Negative infinity, -28~28 Default Value:8

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

FDDREP

BSC6900

SET GCELLCCUT RANSYS

GBFD-114301

GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

Meaning:This parameter specifies whether Ec/No or RSCP is used for the measurement report on an FDD cell. Ec/No stands for the signal-to-noise ratio. RSCP stands for the received signal code power.

GBFD-110801 GBFD-110802

Processing of Measurement Report Pre-processing of Measurement Report

GUI Value Range:RSCP (RSCP), EcN0 (Ec/No) Unit:None Actual Value Range:RSCP, EcN0 Default Value:RSCP (RSCP)

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

FddReselTime Thd

BSC6900

SET GCELLRESE LUTRANFDD

GBFD-114101

GPRS

Meaning:Durati on for triggering a reselection from a GSM cell to a UTRAN FDD neighboring cell for an MS in packet transfer mode. If an MS is in packet transfer mode for a period longer than the duration specified by this parameter, a cell reselection is triggered. GUI Value Range:0~60000 Unit:ms Actual Value Range:0~60000 Default Value: 2000

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GSM BSS Interoperability Between GSM and WCDMA Feature Parameter Description

11 Parameters

Parameter ID

NE

MML Command

Feature ID

Feature Name

Description

FddRptThresh old2Ecno

BSC6900

SET GCELLCCUT RANSYS

GBFD-114301

GSM/WCDMA Interoperability

Meaning:Minim um Ec/No threshold 2 for reporting measurement reports in FDD cells. If "FDDREP" is set to RSCP, the value of this parameter is used by the information element FDD_REPORT ING_THRESH OLD_2 in the system information. If this parameter is set to 255, the information element FDD_REPORT ING_THRESH OLD_2 is not delivered. The decibel value corresponding to the parameter values are as follows: (For details, see the 3GPP TS 45.008 protocol.): 0: CPICH Ec/Io < -24 dB 1: -24 dB