Internship Report on Allied School
Short Description
Internship Report on Allied SCHOOLS...
Description
INTERNSHIP REPORT Allied school (North campus) *
MBA (Finance)
Table of contents Dedication Acknowledgment Executive summary Reason of choosing this organization Introduction to organization Message by the Director Mission statement Purpose Core values Aims of allied school Objectives and Tasks The Punjab Group o PGC Family Structure of allied agency Staff directory Training at allied school Special education Academics Outdoor education Assessment at allied school PTM at allied My Orientation My working at allied school o Lesson deliverance o Practical work o Home task o Assessment/evaluation PTM arrangement Critical Analysis
Pestle analysis Recommendations Conclusion References
Dedication: There are three personalities to whom I want to dedicate it; My mother: she is the one who gave me idea of life and made me able to be called an effective person.
My teachers: they are some ones who taught me ABC and by joining this ABC I am able to write apple ball and cat and finally this report.
Myself: and finally no doubt, myself…. my will, my devotion is something which lets me to do it.
Acknowledgment: I am very thankful to my Lord who is the most merciful and the most beneficent. He is the one who gave me will to accomplish it with my full devotion.
After my Allah, all credit goes to my mother. All this is only due to her prayers and good wishes that led to the completion of report. I am also thankful to my teachers they supported me throughout the course it would not be possible without their sincere guidance. I am also thankful to the whole team of Allied School (North campus) for their great support during my internship. I am also very much thankful to my all friends and fellows who always help Me and encourage at every critical moments.
Thanks to all!
Executive summary
What does actually meant by ‘Internship’? It refers to go and work in some organization for the sake of experience, knowledge and training before he or she goes to market for job. Internship experience is very important and helpful before anyone goes looking for a job. Employers want those people who have experience. And Internship is the opportunity to go to job with experience. It gives students the opportunity to grow, academically and personally. When anyone initially starts out he is going to be doing the menial repetitive task that every new person had to do. However this is not necessarily negative as it teaches the person responsibility at the smallest level. I have also been asked to submit report on the working experience with the organization, an internship experience, which I did in Allied School, which is backed by most reputed name ‘Punjab Group Of Colleges/ The Punjab Group’ in Pakistan. Allied school has a foundation of almost 15 years in Pakistan, with a network of over 450 plus campuses in 112 cities across Pakistan. I did six week internship in the Allied school of North campus, Model Town which is started last year.
As an internee, I really enjoy working there; the staff of the campus was very cooperative whenever I need their help. My designation there was concerned to the computer department. I worked there as a head and teacher of computer sciences. By understanding the importance of computer usage in our lives, I applied to teach and train computer. As now no organization is complete without it. I was assigned different type of tasks related to computer sciences under teaching. These tasks includes: planning about daily lessons, assessment criteria, home tasks criteria, theoretical and practical assignments, concepts clearance etc. Allied schools offers moderate package of salary and benefits to its employees. Management is trying to regulate a system for promotions. It has both contract as well as regular employees as it beliefs on the use of strangeness for the cross fertilization of ideas. Allied schools hire faculty by setting down a panel. Applicants have to deal with that panel. Past records, Experience and final interview matters a lot. That panel is responsible for selecting and recruiting the right people from the market. Allied schools are proud of their highly professional, transparent and objective approach in its recruitment and selection processes. After applying the eligibility criteria, a series of selection procedures are applied before hiring employees.
Normally the candidates go through the process of test, group discussion and interview. The Interview is conducted by a team of internal as well as external Professionals of the related area. Sophisticated recruitment and selection tools are also sometimes applied.
Training of teachers is responsibility of the school. So Punjab Group arranged annual or semiannual training workshops for teachers on regular basis. All trainings including foundation courses (compulsory for all), specialized trainings that include subject wise trainings and behavioral trainings are coordinated and processed through this. These training programs coordinate and arranges for employees to be sent on the training as identified by the management of the school and according to the eligibility and requirement of the employees. All the workings and activities I have performed under this internship are discussed under in detail.
Reason of Choosing
this
Organization: Allied school today is representing an institute that is growing with time and experience. It is the part of Punjab Group of Colleges which is leading educational institution, in
scope and size; it symbolizes a fully growing tree evergreen, strong, and firmly rooted. This is the reason that I have done my internship in this organization.
I
wanted
to
be
the
employee
of
such
organization in which I will get an opportunity to be groomed and experienced. Second reason of choosing an educational institute is that I have decided to carry on educational field in my career so in this school I will get good experience to understand the working and activities of school.
Introduction to Organization: Allied Schools is a school system and a group of schools in Pakistan. This school system is working under the Punjab Group of Colleges 5 years ago in 2007. Its founder & chairman is Mian Amer Mahmood. It is spread all around in the Pakistan with 450+ campuses in 112 cities. It is one of the fastest growing Educational Networks in Pakistan. All these school campuses together have more than 60,000 students on rolls.
It is a group of well-known independent schools and comprises both Senior and Prep Schools. They act as a club with a common purpose. Certain services, as required, are available from the center. Allied Schools is to prepare students with promise to enhance their intellectual, physical, social, emotional, spiritual, and artistic growth so that they may realize their power for good as citizens of Pakistan.
Factors and elements which are part of Allied School are narrated below in detail:
Message by the Director: Welcome to an Education at Allied Schools Dear parents, I firmly believe that education is the basic right of all human beings living on this planet regardless of their social background. An educated nation is democratically stable
and consistent in its economic viability, a lesson learnt through my passion for education for the last three decades. Though the state is primarily responsible to eradicate illiteracy, this task cannot be accomplished without realization and endeavors by all of the stakeholders of our society. In order to enable all individuals to reach and utilize their maximum potential, education is categorically imperative. Education also combats unemployment, confirms sound foundation of social equity, awareness, tolerance and spread of political socialization and cultural vitality. To meet such challenges, we all need to extend helping-hand to one another for the generations to come. I am proud of the fact that we have been able to make a remarkable contribution for quality education in Pakistan. We have, therefore, tried to share in the development of human resource capital from the general masses by providing affordable educational opportunities throughout Pakistan.
I hope and desire that our education system should produce responsible, enlightened citizens to align Pakistan with the global framework of economic and social prosperity. I am confident that Allied Schools will suffice this dire need of our society.
Allied Schools is another effort to remain on the leading role for literacy improvement in Pakistan. I, therefore, welcome to parents and their children to become part of Allied Schools family to grow together. I believe it is today we must create the world of the future. Sincerely yours, Mian Amer Mahmood
Mission Statement “In the context of emerging challenges of the global competitive educational scenario we aim to enable our students to successfully move into the mainstream of our society as forward look cutting edge leaders update knowledge, innovation, social skills, integrity, national values
and sense of responsibility to serve the respective community where the live.”
Purpose The purpose of Allied school is to prepare students with promise to enhance their intellectual, physical, social, emotional, spiritual, and artistic growth so that they may realize their power for good as citizens of Pakistan.
Core values Value one: Highest Quality Education standing Value two: excellent Academic Environment Value three: Widening Participation Value four: Efficient and Effective management Value five: Service to Parent and Nation
Aims of Allied school: Allied Schools aim to give children an all-round education offering:
A caring environment with a strong academic
foundation
An exclusive focus on the individual child A balance between local and global standards with
modern approaches Service to children, parents and the nation Giving awareness about new technologies and modern world Enhancing abilities of children so they can move on with success and dignity
Objectives and Tasks of Allied School
Provide quality education Complaints handling Training to teachers and CRO’s To supervise, maintain and support the organization’s
campuses and their relationship management. Manage the operations of their Campuses. Handle the issues of kids and parents related to their children Working under the management of Punjab Group of Colleges
Follow the instructions delivering by the Head Office
related to the academic issues and schedules. Ensuring the accurate communication of objectives of company Organize events for the students
Organize training workshops for teachers and other
management of school.
The Punjab Group
Since
1985, Punjab
Group of Colleges (PGC) has successfully established the largest quality education network in the private sector across Pakistan. The Group, as a progressive enterprise includes 3 chartered universities, 234 colleges and 400+ plus schools campuses with 189,000 students and 700,000 alumni. The Group proudly owns Mohammad Ali Jinnah University in Karachi, Capital University of Science & Technology in Islamabad and University of Central Punjab in Lahore.
PGC Family: Organizations working under The Punjab Group Group Schools
Colleges
Punjab Group of Colleges (also known as The Punjab Group) Resource Academia Allied Schools
Punjab College of Commerce
Punjab College of Science
Punjab College of Business Administration
Punjab Institute of Computer Science
Punjab Law College
Universitie s
University of Central Punjab Mohammad Ali Jinnah University
Media
Daily Dunya
Dunya News
Companies
Tower Technologies Limited Chairman: Mian Amer Mahmood
Mohammad Ali Jinnah University (MAJU): Mohammad Ali Jinnah University (MAJU) in Sindh is a private university in Pakistan named after Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The main campus is in Karachi; the other campus is in Islamabad. After the grant of a charter by the Government of Sindh, MAJU was established in 1998.
MAJU, unlike some other institutions, which have a degree awarding status only, has a status of a comprehensive university. The university is affiliated with the Punjab Group of Colleges.
University of Central Punjab (UCP)
The University Of Central Punjab (UCP), located in Lahore, Pakistan, is a private sector university and is running under Punjab Group of Colleges. The five colleges in the university are the faculties of Commerce, Management Studies, Information Technology, Engineering, and Law. Punjab College of Business Administration (PCBA) was established in 1991.
Punjab Institute of Computer Science (PICS) was established in 1993. These colleges are under University of Central Punjab.
Punjab Group of Colleges:
Punjab Group of Colleges is the largest higher education group in Pakistan. Punjab Group of Colleges is also affiliated with Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education,
Lahore which is the main stream of education throughout the country. Punjab Group of Colleges has over 189,000 students on roll. There are over 230 campuses of Punjab Colleges. Punjab College of Information Technology (PCIT): The group established another network in cities of the Punjab by the name of Punjab College of Information Technology (PCIT), the first having been established in Lahore in 2000 and the latest at Sialkot in 2005.
Punjab College of Science: Its head office is located in Lahore. It is running under Punjab Group of Colleges. For students desirous of pursuing science subjects, Punjab
Colleges of Science were set up in all the major cities of Punjab where students mainly study F.sc. Pre-Engineering and Pre-Medical courses. Academic programs in Punjab College of Science Punjab College of Science offers intermediate programs which are listed below: Pre-Engineering
Pre-Medical Computer Science
Punjab College of Commerce:
Punjab College of Commerce (PCC) is a private commerce educational institute in Pakistan which has 39 campuses all around the country. PCC was founded in 1985 by the Punjab Group of Colleges, and now it has become the largest group of private college in commerce and related fields.
Academic programs in Punjab College of Commerce Punjab College of Commerce offers intermediate programs which are listed below:
Commerce General Science Arts
Punjab Law College: Punjab Law College (PLC) is a law college in Pakistan. Its chairman is Mian Amir Mahmoud (former Mayor of Lahore). Punjab Law College is based in Lahore. It is affiliated with the Punjab Group of Colleges. Punjab Law College Lahore has the privilege of being the first Law College in the Private Sector. It was established on 1 October 1987, under the auspices of `Islamic Commerce Educational Society. The objective has been to provide quality education in Law with an emphasis on the concept of Islamic Justice and its implementation in Pakistan.
Resource Academia:
A landmark initiative was taken by establishing Resource Academia for play group, primary, middle and senior school levels. Tower Technologies is a hi-tech company of The Group which provides expertise and tailor made IT solutions. Resource Academia (RA), founded in 2003, is a private feepaying academic institution located at Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, as part of the W-block compound. Resource Academia provides preschool education, primary education, secondary education and preparation for General Certificate of Education (GCE). It is affiliated with the Punjab Group of Colleges.
Allied Schools:
The Group further substantiates the very mission to spread cost-effective quality education, which is already at the priority. This has been made
possible through alliance-based education network entitled as Allied Schools across Pakistan. Every Allied School is striving for excellence with committed and highly qualified teachers in an environment of the finest Physical and academic facilities, hi-tech computer and fully equipped science laboratories and well-stocked libraries. Academic activities and practice exercises are employed only in the service of a higher goal so that students at Allied Schools appreciate their purpose. Of course, the intellectual journey is at the heart of Allied Schools. Our philosophy, therefore, leads us to value discovery and thoughtfulness at Allied Schools. Allied Schools is a school system and a group of schools in Pakistan. This school system is working under the Punjab Group of Colleges. Its founder & chairman is Mian Amer Mahmood. It is spread all around in the Pakistan.
Dunya TV/Roznama Dunya: Economic-politico-social fabric of the society cannot be reformed until media develop critical thinking of the general masses. It is a weighty responsibility undertaken by Dunya TV and Roznama Dunya those encourage people to think consciously and objectively. Dunya TV and Roznama Dunya are gigantic and dynamic contribution of The Group.
Structure of Allied School Agency: The operation of the Allied Schools organization is governed by a Scheme of Management, which is registered with the Education Commission. The Founder Members and Allied Schools Agency are all registered. All Chairmen of Governors are full members of the Council and have a vote on all matters relating to them. (See also the less formal operating structure under Membership Benefits.) Allied Schools is the operating arm of the Basic Education, and is the provider of services to the Council and to the member schools.
Staff directory Teacher’s qualification and experience at Allied school North Campus;
Training of teachers at Allied school: Education, of course, begins with the teacher. One good teacher holds the power to motivate, captivate and engage thousands of students. At Saint MSG Glorious International School, mentors are always encouraged to improve their teaching methods in technology-rich classrooms, making decisions that significantly affect students’ learning. Initially, teachers decide “if, when, and how” they will use technology in the classroom. Those decisions include selecting learning objects that enlarge and enrich their repertoire of instructional techniques for presenting content. January 25, 2012: Training Sessions for Principals and CROs of March 2012 Opening Schools Allied Schools organized the training sessions of March 2012 opening schools on January 25, 2012. The Group Photos shows Dr. Shahid Mahmood (Project Director) and the management of Allied Schools with the participants from Allied Schools Begum Kot Campus, Shad Bagh Campus, Diviana Mandi Campus, Gujrat North Campus, Seher Campus, Najaf Campus, Depal Pur Campus, Leaders Campus, Jallo Campus.
February 28, 2012: Training Sessions for Principals and CROs of March 2012 Opening Schools This training session is covering Allied Schools of TECH Campus, Nokhar Campus, Liaqatpur Campus, Ishaq Campus, Kallar Saiyidan Campus, Karim Campus, Range Road Campus, and Sadhoke Campus.
Our teacher training workshops are designed to increase teachers understanding of evolution and build their
confidence in teaching evolutionary concept, giving teachers the strategies, tactics and tools to teach evolution effectively in their classrooms. Teacher Training place a strong emphasis on the relationship between the theoretical and practical elements of the teaching profession.
Special Education at Allied school:
Allied School offers a free, appropriate, public evaluation for all students in the least restrictive environment. Special education generally fit into one of three categories: (1) Remediation, (2) Enrichment, (3) extended-time for students with special needs. Remediation Our remediation programs are designed to deliver a specific curriculum in a condensed period of time, emphasizing the mastery of the student’s individual deficiency.
Enrichment Our series of events enrich the academics and co-curricular activities of students which are designed to assist them in accelerating their learning programs. The programs emphasize learning as an enjoyable activity and Provide each student with an experience that is designed to create a desire to learn for the sake of learning. Extended-Time for Students with Special Needs Each program is intended to be designed to meet the unique needs of the student. During assessment time period student are being provided special tuition sessions those who are unable to cope up with normal students in the classrooms and who needs the continuity of a structured program to
avoid the loss of skills and knowledge due to a prolonged break in attendance. If a parent or a teacher has concerns related to behavioral or academic performance of the student, they may request an educational evaluation for consideration of possible eligibility for special education.
Academy of Allied Health and Science: * An Initiative of Punjab Group of Colleges*
Healthy-Wealthy Futures: Vision Statement: Vision of this campaign is to be recognized as the unifying voice and leading advocate for allied health education
Mission Statement: To Champion Allied Health Education To fulfill its mission, the Association has established the following goals To Influence Governmental Health and Education Policy To Promote High Quality Education To Promote Collaboration and Partnerships To Strengthen Research and Scholarship To develop Academic Leaders To Enhance Global Outreach
Main Moto of this health caring activity is that How We Support our School Going Children?
Health Care Program for Allied School Students is the regular activity. A team of Doctors and Paramedical staff will examine Allied School Students in their respective campuses to identify and suggest solutions for common learning difficulties, such as:
o Visual and Hearing Deficiencies o Physical Growth Issues o Dental and Gum Disease o Skin and Psychological Disorder
Outdoor education (Extracurricular activities at ALLIED) Good education must encompass more than the standard academic subjects. The Allied Pre-School provides a range of co-curricular activities appropriate to the ages of the students. These outside of the classroom activities develop better comprehension about the studies and clearly enhance the social and problem solving skills.
Art and Crafts The art and craft program offers opportunities to stimulate children’s creativity and imagination, develops the understanding of colors, forms, texture and pattern, and their ability to use materials and processes to communicate ideas and feelings. Music The first aim of music lessons is to foster an appreciation of music among students. Music is a part of rich culture and tradition, and all children deserve access to the joy and enrichment which music can bring. Physical Education and Games Allied School places great importance on physical fitness in the curriculum, and of course it is now universally accepted as being an integral part of an all-round education. It provides various weekly structured outdoor games
including water and sand play, and also a gymnastic physical development program. Computer Classes Allied School also provides an opportunity for the children to develop their IT skills at an early age. A comprehensive curriculum encourages children to explore desktop
publishing, databases, graphics and word processing and the multimedia. Speech and Drama This program develops confidence, self-esteem and verbal skills through developmental activities. To be happy and successful in today’s highly competitive world, a child needs to be confident and articulate. Training Classes This is an extended physical development program to improve the mental and physical attributes of the children. This program enhances confidence, Develops discipline, good values and exposes children to the arts of self-defense. Reading Classes Allied also offers special classes to prepare children for formal schooling. This is another extended program to further enhance children’s ability to read and write confidently and independently.
Educational Field Trips Educational field trips are organized at intervals throughout the year to Places of interest and educational value. These
places are chosen for their suitability for the age of the children concerned. Apart from the interest they arouse, they are of value in reinforcing work done in school. School Newsletters Allied school produce regular newsletters featuring weekly activity highlights in their respective branches. The main purpose is to keep parents informed of current activities at the respective schools, and at the same time to celebrate the children’s progressive achievements.
Assessment in Allied School: Students’ Evaluation on International Standards The examinations, in-house or public, focus on understanding and analytical thinking rather than cramming. The Assessment and Evaluation System (AES) of Allied Schools complies with international standards so that our students become accustomed to such high system. Mock Assessment for House and Board Examination Allied Schools have developed such an assessment mechanism that our students are thoroughly ready to take in-house and Board examinations. It helps our students beforehand and lets them focus on the examination preparation as necessary to stand out in the competitive arena.
Fee Structure of Allied: Toddlers to Matric for the Academic Year 20132014: Tuition Fee-One Month
Rs. 2000/-
Admission Fee (Payable once only on
Rs. 2500/-
admission) Security Deposit (Refundable)
Rs. 2500/-
Annual Subscription Fee
Rs. 1800/-
Admission Processing Fee
Rs. 200/-
Academics
Exclusive Attention on Early Years Education as a Foundation for Future Identifying key competencies through these levels such as thinking, using language and symbols, managing self, relating to others, participation and contribution, we make sure that students build a strong base for their
future. As students discover how to use
these competencies, they find themselves able to access
new areas of knowledge and see their world from new perspectives. Levels of Education, Syllabi and Academic Calendar At Allied Pre Schools, the levels of education are Play Group, Nursery and Prep. The syllabi for class I through VIII consist of text books of international standards and support material developed by curriculum
experts. At secondary level, however, the syllabus prescribed by the relevant boards of intermediate and secondary education is followed. The Scheme of Study of all levels is imparted through academic calendar across the country. After completing Elementary Education, students are enabled to avail the opportunity of international education offered by Allied Schools Standardized Curriculum and Syllabus are a blend of National and International Standards The curriculum and scheme of study developed by Allied Schools adheres to the compatibility with national and international standards of education. Our curriculum reflects
Pakistan's cultural diversity, values, history and our rich traditions. Allied Schools have pre-defined Lesson Plans which are imparted in each class. Moreover, standardized scheme of study and lesson plans are practiced throughout Allied Schools. English Medium of Instructions with Special Focus on Spoken English All communication in and outside the classroom is done in English to encourage our students to enjoy command over spoken and written English communication and feel confident about it. Not only does the English medium syllabus conform to this objective of ours, but also extra effort is made to polish their writing expressions through interactive English composition writing competitions and spallation’s. Developing
impressive native accents is one more aspect we concentrate on focusing more on phonetics and pronunciations. Concept-Based Education Supported by Animations and Elementary Science Laboratory Teaching through animations is an important feature of Allied Schools. The video demonstrations make it easier for
students to grasp the concept of a lesson. It builds-up the students' interest and gives rise to a better comprehension. Lesson Plans representing our curriculum and syllabus are complimented with animations from junior to senior classes. Moreover, special emphasis is given on the science subjects teaching with practical’s at primary and elementary levels.
PTM at Allied School Allied
school
avails
the
opportunity
for
two-way
communication between teachers and parents in the form of Parent – teachers meet where we share a common treasure the student. At our school we conduct PTM after everyone months. We perceive that teacher’s attitudes toward parents and their efforts to involve parents are critical to good parent-teacher relationships and student achievement. Teachers set up the expectation that parental involvement is welcome and
necessary which aware the parents about the developing graph of the child.
In our school PTMs, parents are being indicated with strong evidence those children whose parents are meaningfully involved in their schooling:
- are better behaved and have more positive attitudes about school.
- get better grades and test scores.
- Graduate from pre-school to high school at higher rates.
- are more likely to go on to higher education. To organize the meeting joint efforts were made by all the faculty members of School. Teachers and management team coordinates so that meetings can be made successful. Schedule of meeting is given by Head Office. Note: PTM can be conducted early or late as per the requirement of school and prior information will be conveyed to concern parents. If any parent is unable to attend PTM on scheduled date and further needs separate meeting on alternative running days prior permission of Principal can be sanctioned in a written note (Valid for exceptional cases)
My Orientation After joining in Allied school, I spent the first hour with HR Relationship Manager (CRO) and CRO where the joining formalities taken care of and a brief orientation were given to me. After the orientation the next step for new me was training and development. Training Department is also responsible for my brief training hours there. All trainings including foundation courses (compulsory for all) and special training related to my subject. After that I was introduced to all staff teachers and management staff briefly. Then a small visit to all classes in morning time was made.
My working during this internship: Duration of my internship is 6 Weeks; following activities I have performed there: Lesson deliverance Teaching Practical work in lab: Preparation and application of lesson plans:
Criteria for assessment evaluation: Home tasks Arrangement of PTM
Lesson Deliverance: Class rooms: The classroom size is optimum, designed for not more than 24 students. Furniture and classroom ambience is a result of careful planning. Cheerful colors, balanced lighting and careful positioning of work spaces contribute to the overall feeling of welcome. All classrooms are ventilated well for comfort and to maximize output of both students and faculty. Education is integrated and activity based. Assessment is a continuous process at our School and students are descriptively profiled on their cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills. Class rooms are linked via a CCTV to a central monitoring facility where every child is assessed.
Class 1 1st week: Chapter 1: ‘What can we do with a computer?’ Reading of page no. 7, 8, 9 Class discussion about usage of computer took place. Underlining of Vocab words Listen Reading by each student then gave understanding that computer is now widely used in each and every field of life. Assessment of vocab words Lab day: students go to lab and learned how to open ‘Paint’
2nd week: chapter 1: Oral questioning about previous knowledge Page no. 10, 11. Topic: ‘Names of places where computers are used’ Page 12: Question 1: Debug the following statement Page 12: Question 2: Fill in the blanks
Short assessment of ‘Names of places where computers are used’ Worksheet was given to do in class. 3rd week: Chapter 1: Question/answers of chapter on notebook
1. What are the tasks which can we do with a computer? 2. Write down the names of places where computers are used? 3. What is meant by an Email? Discussion about Question no. 1 in class took place, and then made pair of students to memorize that question. Discussion about Question no. 2 in class took place, and then made pair of students to memorize that question. Meaning of an email has been discussed and question no. 1 revised and asked to students to come to white board and write the answer. Lab day: For revision students were asked to open new page of MS-Paint. And students were taught that how to choose different colors from color bucket and applied into different shapes. 4th week: Chapter 3: ‘Parts which makes a computer’
Discussion about the meaning of ‘Parts’ which makes a computer Reading of page 13 Reading of page no. 14: This includes 4 basic parts of computer i.e. Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard, and CPU. Underlining of Vocab words Functioning of mouse and keyboard were clarified Functioning of monitor and CPU were discussed
Lab day: Topic: How to save the files of ‘MS-Paint’
5th week: Listen Reading by each student I recalled the meaning of parts of computer and functions of parts of computer. Assessment of vocab words was taken. Page no. 15, 16 were solved Page no. 17, 18 were solved Question 1: Debug the following statement Question 2: Fill in the blanks Worksheet was provided for home task.
6th week: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What is meant by parts of computer? 2. What are the basic parts of computer?
Each student was called one by one to come in front of class and asked to write names of parts of computer on board. Students were asked to draw the pictures of each part of computer for Home Assessment. 3. What is mouse? 4. What is keyboard?
15 minutes discussion about mouse and keyboard took place then Students were said to memorize question 3 and 4 in class. 5. What is monitor? 6. What is CPU? Discussion about Question no. 5 and 6 took place in class, and then made pair of students to memorize those questions. Assessment of Question 3, 4, 5, 6 were given for tomorrow. Assessment of given questions were taken. Lab day: How to open the saved files Students were taught that how to make some drawing by adding different shapes like circles, squares etc.
Class 2:
1st week: Chapter 3 ‘Input and output devices’ Reading of page no. 16, 17 Class discussion about input and input devices took place. Underlining of Vocab words Reading of page no. 18, 19 Class discussion about output and output devices took place. Underlining of vocab words Listen of reading by each student then asked by the students to revise the concept of input and output devices and difference between input and output devices. Lab day: students went to lab and learned how to open new MS-word file and give name to our file. 2nd week: chapter 1: Oral questioning about previous knowledge Exercise questions: Page no. 20, 21. Page no. 22, 23 Short assessment of exercise questions was taken. Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What is meant by input? 2. What are the input devices? 3. Write down the functions of each input device shortly?
Discussion about Question no. 2, 3 in class took place, and then made pair of students to memorize that question. 3rd week: Chapter 3: Remaining Question/answers of chapter on notebook
4. What is meant by output? 5. What are the output devices? 6. Write down the functions of each output device shortly? Discussion about Question no. 4, 5, 6 in class took place, and then made pair of students to memorize those questions. Given Assessment of question 2, 3, 5, 6 was taken Lab day: For revision students were asked to open saved files of MS-word and to rename that files. 4th week: chapter 4 ‘How a keyboard works’ Discussion on meaning and functioning of ‘Keyboard’ took place. Reading of page 26 This page includes about keys of keyboard and QWERTY Keyboard. Underlining of Vocab words Assessment of vocab took.
Lab day: Topic: Lab day: students were taught that how to type the passage in a document. 5th week: Reading of page no.27 Vocab underlined and different given keys with functions are narrated I recalled the meaning of keyboard and function of keys Worksheets were given to solve. Page no. 28 were solved Page no. 31, 32 were solved Oral conceptual assessment 6th week: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What is QWERTY Keyboard? 2. What are the types of keys on the keyboard and their functions? Question answers were discussed for understanding of students Each student was called one by one to come in front of class and asked to tell the functions of keys Row 1, Row 2, Row 3 keys were assigned to memorize as an Assessment. Discussion about Question no. 5 and 6 took place in class, and then made pair of students to memorize those
questions. Assessment of Question 3, 4, 5, 6 were given for tomorrow. Assessment of given questions were taken. Lab day: competition of typing speed in MS-Word took place.
Class 3: 1st week: chapter 3 ‘Memory of computer’ Reading of page no. 20, Class discussion about meaning of memory of computer took place. Underlining of Vocab words Reading of page no. 21, 22 Class discussion about how a computer stores information took place. Underlining of vocab words Lab day: Students were assigned to write an application with Page layout and Borders. 2nd week: Page no. 24: Question: Debug the following statement Page 25: Question 2: Fill in the blanks Brainstorming questions about the concepts of memory of computer
Worksheets as an assessment were given to solve in class. 3rd week: chapter 3: Oral questioning about previous knowledge of memory of computer Exercise questions were solved: Page no. 24: Q: Debug the following statements. Page no. 25: Q: Fill in the blanks. Short assessment of exercise questions was taken. Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What is meant by memory of computer? 2. How many types of memory of computer? 3. How many types of Primary Memory? 4. What is the difference between RAM and ROM? 5. What is meant by Byte? 6. What is meant by Character? Discussion about Questions in class took place, and then made pair of students to memorize that question. 4th week: chapter 4 ‘Computer Hardware’ Reading of page 28 I gave concept of computer hardware.
I discussed the difference between software and hardware. Reading of page 29, 30 Hardware devices were discussed Underlining of Vocab words Assessment of vocab took. Lab day: students were taught that how to copy files from computer to USB. 5th week: Questioning about hardware of computer and difference between hardware and software were asked. Page 31, 32 were solved by students as a class surprise assessment. Oral conceptual assessment Worksheets were given for home assessment. 6th week: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What is meant by hardware of computer? 2. What is the difference between hardware and software? 3. Explain some hardware devices of computer? Question answers were discussed for understanding of students Each student was called one by one to come in front of class and asked to tell about hardware devices
Lab day: competition of typing speed in MS-Word took place.
Class 4: 1st week: Chapter 3:
‘Computer storage’ Reading of page no. 13 I gave understanding about Storage and Storage in Computer. Reading of page no. 14, 15 Underlining of Vocab words Listen Reading by each student then gave understanding that computer is now widely used in each and every field of life. Assessment of vocab words Lab day: students go to lab and I show some storage devices to them and their way to store data 2nd week: chapter 3: Oral questioning about previous knowledge Page no. 16, 17 was given to students to solve according to their knowledge in mind Small 10 minutes class presentation of students taken on meaning of storage in computer Question/answers of chapter on notebook
1. What is meant by computer storage? 2. How a computer stores information? 3. What is meant by Character?
3rd week: Chapter 3: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 4. What are the measuring units in computer? 5. What is byte? Previous questions were discussed and brainstorming questions were asked to students. 6. What is hard drive and CD-ROM drive? 7. What are Floppy Drive and Zip Disk? 8. What is USB? Discussion about Question 6, 7, 8 in class took place, and then made pair of students to memorize that question. Assessment of question 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 were taken in class. Question no. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 revised and asked to students to come to white board and write the answer. Assessment of question 6, 7, 8 were taken. Worksheet was provided to students to do in class. Lab day: Students were taught that how to ‘Cut, Copy and Paste’ data from one file to another.
4th week: chapter 4:
‘World of knowledge’
Reading of page 20, 21 I gave understanding that what is the relation between knowledge and computer. Discussion on meaning of software Web Browsers took place. Different famous web browsers were discussed. Reading of page no. 22 Meaning of Animation and Multimedia were discussed. Discussion on Multimedia Educational software was took place. Students were asked to tell about their understanding about animation, Multimedia, Kid Pix Deluxe 4 Underlining of Vocab words Lab day: Assessment of how to do Cut, Copy and Paste 5th week: Listen Reading by each student I recalled the concepts of this chapter. Assessment of vocab words was taken. Page no. 23 was solved Question 1: Draw any beautiful landscape. Page no. 24, 25 were solved Question 2: Debug the following statements. Question 3: Fill in the blanks.
6th week: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What are the fields in which computers are widely used? 2. What is meant by Web Browser? Each student was called one by one to come in front of class and tell names of some web browsers. 3. Write down the names of some popular web browsers? 4. What is meant by a term ‘Animation’? 5. What is meant by term ‘multimedia’? 15 minutes discussion about animation and multimedia took place then Students were said to memorize question 4 and 5 in class. Assessment of question 1, 2, 4, 5 were taken 6. What is Kid Pix Deluxe 4? 7. How any multimedia educational software can be helpful in education of kids? Assessment of 6, 7 questions were taken. Worksheet was provided for home assessment. Lab day: students were taught to how to work on Kid Pix Deluxe
Class 5: 1st week: Chapter 3: ‘Computer Network’ Reading of page no. 20 I gave understanding about term Networking and Networking in Computer. Reading of page no. 21, 22 Underlining of Vocab words Listen Reading by each student then gave understanding that what are the types of networking in computer. Assessment of vocab words Lab day: students go to lab and a documentary film on animals was seen. 2nd week: chapter 3: Oral questioning about previous knowledge Page no. 23, 24 was given to students to solve according to their knowledge in mind Small 10 minutes class presentation of students taken on meaning of Networking Worksheet was given to students for home work. Page 25 was discussed and solved in class. 3rd week: Chapter 3: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What is meant by Networking? 2. What is the meaning of computer networking?
Previous questions were discussed and brainstorming questions were asked to students. 3. What are the types of Networking in computer? 4. What is LAN? 5. What is WAN? 6. What is MAN? Discussion about Question 4, 5, 6 in class took place, and then made pair of students to memorize that question. Assessment of question 1, 2, 3 were taken in class. Question no. 4, 5, 6 revised and asked to students to come to white board and write the answer. Surprise assessment about the difference in LAN, WAN and MAN was asked to the students. Lab day: Students were taught that how to ‘Cut, Copy and Paste’ data from one file to another.
4th week: chapter 4: ‘Internet’ Reading of 28 I gave understanding that what is internet. Reading of page no. 29 Usage of internet in different countries and fields was discussed. Students were asked that for what purposes they use internet
Underlining of Vocab words Lab day: Assessment of how to do Cut, Copy and Paste 5th week: Listen Reading by each student I recalled the concepts of this chapter. Assessment of vocab words was taken. Benefits and harms of internet were discussed in detail Reading of Page no. 30 Page no. 31 was given to solve by student by their own self Page no. 32 were solved Question: Debug the following statements. 6th week: Question/answers of chapter on notebook
1. What is Internet? 2. What are the benefits of internet? Each student was called one by one to come in front of class and tell one benefit of internet. 3. What are the harms of internet? 4. How internet changed our lives? 15 minutes discussion about internet took place then Students were said to memorize question 4 and 5 in class. Assessment of question 1, 2 were taken.
Assessment of 3, 4 questions were taken. And worksheets were given to do. Lab day: students were taught that how to use internet. And how make an Id on Yahoo Mail.
Class 6: 1st week: Chapter 6: ‘An introduction to Windows’ Reading of page no. 45, 46, 47 I gave understanding about following topics: Functions of an operating system The User Interface Graphical User Interface (GUI) Reading of page no. 48, 49, 50 Following topics were discussed: Opening a window Title Bar, Menu Bar, Tool Bar Files and Folders Randomly students were asked to tell about any discussed topic. Lab day: students were given an assessment to type the given passage in 15 minutes. 2nd week: chapter 5: Page no. 51, 52, 53 Following topics were discussed: Copying file or folder Dragging file or folder Moving a file or folder
Oral questioning about previous knowledge Worksheet was given to students for home work. 3rd week: Chapter 5: Question/answers on notebook 1. Describe the functions of an operating system?
2. What are three ways of opening a window? 3. What are scroll bars? 4. What is an Interface? To write Key points of whole chapter were given to students as home task. And noted questions were given for assessment. Assessment was taken. Lab day: All the learnt topics were performed practically.
4th week: chapter 6: ‘Word Processing’ Reading of 57, 58, 59, 60, 61 Following topics were discussed: What is Word Processing software? What can a word processing do? Page layout Selecting text
Editing text Deleting text Students were asked questions to check out understanding
5th week: Reading of page no. 62, 63, 64, 65 Following topics were discussed: Formatting text Color Borders Bullets and Numbering Indentation Line spacing Change case Spelling and Grammar check Headers and Footers I recalled the concepts of this chapter. Short surprise assessment were taken Worksheets were provided to do at home. Page no. 67: Fill in the blanks. 6th week: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. What is Word Processor? 2. What is the difference between Editing and Formatting? Each student was called one by one to come in front of class and recall
the learnt points of this chapter 3. Describe one disadvantage of spell checker? 15 minutes discussion about topics took place then Students were said to write key points of this on notebook in class. Assessment of questions was taken. Worksheets were provided for home task. Lab day: all the learnt things were applied in lab.
Class 7: 1st week: Chapter 5: ‘More on Word’ Reading of page no. 41, 42, 43, 44 I gave understanding about following topics: Viewing a document Changing zoom setting Splitting a document Inserting text Using the Undo and Redo commands
Inserting the Date and Time Reading of page no. 45, 46, 47, 48 Following topics were discussed: Inserting page number Using the word count feature Find and Replace commands Inserting symbols Inserting Page breaks and section breaks Adding Footnotes and endnotes Randomly students were asked to tell about discussed topic. Lab day: students were given an assessment to type the given passage in 15 minutes.
2nd week: chapter 5: Reading of Page no. 49, 50, 51 Following topics were discussed: Previewing a document Changing paper size and source Oral questioning about previous knowledge
Worksheet was given to students for home work.
Page no. 52: Mark tick or cross against each statement 3rd week: Chapter 5: Question/answers on notebook 1. What is the advantage of viewing a document in different ways? 2. How does a split feature help us formatting a document? 3. Describe steps involved in replacing a word in a document? 4. What is the difference between footnote and endnote? 5. List the different options available for inserting section break. To write Key points of whole chapter were given to students as home task. And noted questions were given for assessment. Assessment was taken. Lab day: All the learnt topics were performed practically.
4th week: chapter 6: ‘Spreadsheets’ Reading of page no. 54, 55, 56, Following topics were discussed: Changing Row Height Changing Column Width
Inserting new rows and columns Students were asked questions to check out understanding 5th week: Reading of page no. 57, 58, Following topics were discussed: Using Formula Copying formula I recalled the concepts of this chapter. Short surprise assessment were taken Worksheets were provided to do at home. Reading of page no. 59, 60, 61, 62 Following topics were discussed Using functions Inserting charts Page no. 64: Question: Match the column for home task. 6th week: Question/answers of chapter on notebook 1. Describe the steps involved in changing Row height? 2. What is the function of the AutoFit Selection Feature?
3. What is formula? Describe the elements of a formula? 5. What is the advantage of using function? 6. Why do we use charts on a worksheet? Each student was called one by one to come in front of class and recall the learnt points of this chapter 15 minutes discussion about topics took place then Students were said to write key points of this on notebook in class. Assessment of questions was taken. Worksheets were provided for home task. Lab day: All the learnt things were applied in lab.
Practical work in Lab: Computer lab at Allied school:
Allied School integrates Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into the curriculum, and thus provides the latest resources in this field to the students. This involves setting up Computer lab inside the premises with
the
required
Computer
Hardware,
software
and
accessories and providing the necessary furniture and fixtures. The school’s computer and communication network provides state-of-the-ICT exposes students to modern technology. We focus on implementing ICT to truly benefit student learning to provide teachers and students with up-to-date information about technology so that they will be able to expand their resources for functioning in the global workplace One day after a week was fixed for practical work. Practical working was according to the class grade and syllabus. Lesson plans of Practical work were also provided by head of the department in Lahore. Different type of worksheet designed for practical working was provided to students. Competition among students was created in lab to accomplish the given task so that students become speedy and energetic in their work.
Lesson planning: A key aspect of effective teaching is having a plan for what will happen in the classroom each day. Creating such a plan involves setting realistic goals, deciding how to incorporate course textbooks and other required materials, and developing activities that will promote learning. Following steps I have used for preparation of lesson planes: (1) Outline learning objectives The first step is to determine what you want students to learn and be able to do at the end of class. To help to specify my objectives for student learning, I answer the following questions:
What is the topic of the lesson? What do I want students to learn? What do I want them to understand and be able to do at the end of class? What do I want them to take away from this particular lesson?
(2) Develop the introduction Now that after having learning objectives in order of their importance, I designed the specific activities to get students to understand and apply what they have learned. I considered the following questions when planning your introduction:
How will I check whether students know anything about the topic or have any preconceived notions about it? What are some commonly held ideas (or possibly misconceptions) about this topic that students might be familiar with or might espouse? What will I do to introduce the topic?
(3) Plan the specific learning activities (the main body of the lesson) I prepared several different ways of explaining the material (real-life examples, analogies, visuals, etc.) to catch the attention of more students and appeal to different learning styles. These questions helped me to design the learning activities you will use:
What will I do to explain the topic? What will I do to illustrate the topic in a different way? How can I engage students in the topic? What are some relevant real-life examples, analogies, or situations that can help students understand the topic? What will students need to do to help them understand the topic better? (4) Plan to check for understanding When I had explained the topic and illustrated it with different examples, I needed to check for student
understanding. I thought about specific questions to ask to students in order to check for understanding, i wrote them down, and then paraphrased them so that I got prepared to ask the questions in different ways. I tried to predict the answers your questions will generate. Following questions I asked to myself:
What questions will I ask students to check for understanding? What will I have students do to demonstrate that they are following? Going back to my list of learning objectives, what activity can I have students do to check whether each of those has been accomplished? (5) Develop a conclusion and a preview I went over the material covered in class by summarizing the main points of the lesson. I reviewed the students’ answers to gauge their understanding of the topic and then explained anything unclear the following class. I concluded the lesson not only by summarizing the main points, but also by previewing the next lesson.
(6) Create a realistic timeline I narrowed down the list to the two or three key concepts, ideas, or skills that want students to learn. Other instructors also agreed that they often need to adjust their lesson plan during class depending on what the students need. My list of prioritized learning objectives helped me to make decisions on the spot and adjust my lesson plan as needed. A realistic timeline will reflect your flexibility and readiness to adapt to the specific classroom environment. Strategies which I considered for creating a realistic timeline are following:
Estimate how much time each of the activities will take, then plan some extra time for each When you prepare your lesson plan, next to each activity indicate how much time you expect it will take Plan a few minutes at the end of class to answer any remaining questions and to sum up key points Plan an extra activity or discussion question in case you have time left Be flexible – be ready to adjust your lesson plan to students’ needs and focus on what seems to be more productive rather than sticking to your original plan
Arrangement of PTM: Proper pre-meeting and post meeting forms are designed to get response and opinions from parents. I prepared Portfolio whole session so that i can give evidence to parents about student’s condition in study. Portfolio consists of worksheets, class assessment papers, weekly assessment sheets plus report card. Besides study related issues, student’s behavioral issues also discussed. Parents were asked suggestions such as: 1. Expectations from the school. 2. Teaching/Learning experience in their life. 3. Course curriculum & infrastructure 4. Additional efforts for weak students. 5. Personal problems of students. 6. Change behavior in School.
7. Students life at home/hostel.
Home Tasks There were particular criteria to give home work to students at Allied school in order to reduce the student’s load of work and enhances the interest of study in them. Following are some types of home tasks which I gave to students: In 1 or 2 class I preferred to give those drawing and coloring related tasks so that they can enjoy it. Students at this age usually like to draw and color in a shape that is why this type of tasks was very effective. I gave them designed worksheets for home in which I asked about concepts through an attractive way. This enhances their curiosity to focus on that worksheet and they try hard to do it. At the completion of chapter I gave a home assignment to higher grade classes to extract the key points from the whole chapter. This task worked a lot to force a student to give attention to their study. This also leads a student to thorough reading. At allied written work is not focused a lot, conceptual studies are focused. So in a week I have to give students one or two assessment (test).
Sometimes I gave exercise questions to note down on note books to make students writing better. As my subject is computer sciences, so I also gave students to perform any practical work at home.
Evaluation of students: Students at Allied are evaluated through following ways: Class assessments Weekly/chapter based assessment Worksheets Monthly assessments and sessional assessments Oral quizzes Board quizzes Class discussions Behavior of student Class participation
CRITICAL ANALYSIS: During my stay in Allied school, I found it as among one of the leading schools in Pakistan. As an internee, I enjoy working there. Allied has a very cooperative staff .I worked there in very congenial and supportive environment. The staff over there is always being ready to guide about school
and its system. According to its financial statements it is on a way to progress. It offers very good package of salary and benefits to its employees. Management is trying to regulate a system for promotions. It has both contract as well as regular employees as it beliefs on the use of strangeness for the cross fertilization of ideas. It has unlimited offers for its employees in the areas of economic and personal behavioral development. Recruitment & HRIS Division is responsible for attracting, selecting and recruiting the right people from the market. Allied is proud of its highly professional, transparent and objective
approach
in
its
recruitment
and
selection
processes.
PESTLE analysis A PESTLE analysis is a tool that can provide prompts to the governors, management and staff involved in the
analysis of the changes in the school’s environment that could impact future finance, planning and management decisions. It can enable them carry out a more comprehensive analysis. A PESTLE is usually used in commercial organizations as a part of the strategic development of a business and marketing plan, however a PESTLE analysis can be used as part of identifying the opportunities and threats for operational planning within educational and school environments. The PESTLE provides a simple framework within which to consider external factors. PESTLE is used as part of a SWOT for identifying the external factors (OT) too. I used PESTLE for finding weaknesses of Allied school only…. The reason behind of extracting only Weaknesses is that I worked there and we all know that Allied school is a leading institute. There exist good opportunities for Allied to grow in educational market. But critically I concluded following weaknesses:
Weaknesses: During the course of my internship the things which need to change are discussed below: 1. Management is not gaining an improved understanding of the influence of business strategy on human resources and of human resource activity on business strategy.
2. People are not planned and used more effectively and efficiently.
3. Employees are not satisfied with the quality of work life. 4. The
employees
are
underpaid
which
may
cause
dissatisfaction with regard to the responsibilities assigned and the salary received for those jobs. 5. The staff is not employed according to the specific needs of the campuses. 6. Employees are unsatisfied due to the salary package and they are less motivated. 7. Employees are over loaded they have to work more than three hours after their duty times. 8. “Right man at the right place at the right time” is not adopting by the HR authority. 9. In case of Promotion of the employees, efficiency & competence
is
ignored
and
only
the
seniority
is
considered. 10.
Now a day allied school is firing its employees. They
have
round
about
fired
more
than
five
hundred
employees in the last four months. Due to this reason there
is
different
environment
in
campuses,
the
employees are very tense and feels a bit depressed in these days. 11.
Employees at Allied are working there from many years
and they are not still used to the new software and techniques in computer field symbols.
Though they have their own staff college where they teach employees on various related issues, but in mine point of view that’s not enough for them. 12.
Sometimes that Staff of Allied which is not well
educated according to the given assignment, are posted at most important assignments.
Recommendations: 1. The salary should be given according to the capability of the employee. There should be extra incentives given to the workers who serve the bank for overtime period. 2. Management different
should
employees.
distribute Some
of
work the
equally
among
employees
are
overburdened while some sections are overstaffed. 3. Due to lower in salary most of the talented staff leave the job, which are The assets of the company take the knowledge among with themselves, so equal opportunity should be given to each worker according to its work performance 4. Most of the employees are sticking to one seat only, with the result that they become master of one particular job and lose their grip on other operation. In my opinion each employee should have regular job change.
5. There are some employees untrained which decreases the efficiency of the campus. All the employees should well train. 6. The interference of head office should be minimized as it decreases the working efficiency of the employee as well as the bank. 7. The environment of the offices should be comfortable so that the parents and staff must feel comfort. 8. Promotion should be given to competent persons on merit basis. 9. Every year some of the employees should be sent for training to workshops. 10.
The school should bring forward the new talent as
fresh
knowledge
and
education
is
considered
very
important to increase the efficiency and production. 11.
Keeping in view the hard work by the staff members at
all levels of management, staff should be given bonus and increment every year. 12.
I observed that many campuses of Allied schools are
overcrowded. Less people can work which extra people perform. Number of adjustment of these extra employees.
Conclusion: Allied truly values its staff and the vital role they play in successful running of the school. HR initiatives and strategy is aimed at competitive employee compensation, training need assessment and succession planning.
Training has
been given priority based on industry dynamics and changing customer needs. Technological innovations, new ways of teaching, and a diverse workforce have increased the need for organization to re-examine how their training practices contribute to learning. In this report, I discussed a systematic assessment,
and
disciplined
design
of
approach
learning
including
environment.
need After
completing the report, I am in a better position to know exactly not only the functioning of school but also the computer usage in our life and how our knowledge can be conveyed to new generation. It was very nice to learn that to make the whole organization achieve its utmost goals; it makes sure that practical knowledge is given to at every level. They not only provide basic training but also take care of the minor details that make sure that every work is done in an adequate manner. I would like to conclude this report
by saying that in this whole process I have learned, that being a computer teacher means not only looking at the big picture but rather taking care of the minor details that make the overall picture stronger, and this is exactly what Allied School aims to do.
Appendix: Some documents I have affixed at the end, related to Allied school which I have followed and some I have prepared too, during my internship.
References: http://www.crlt.umich.edu/gsis/P4_4.php http://www.crlt.umich.edu/gsis/P9_1.php http://www.crlt.umich.edu/gsis/earlyfeedback.pdf).
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