International Standard: Norme Internationale
March 16, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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DAK :665:-88-5 ®
Amdtdi` ?.6
8686-61
D@]AX@O]DI@ON []O@MOXM @IXLA D@]AX@O]DI@ONA
Viwar tro`sjirlars ‛ Vort 88-57 Viwar tro`sjirlar o`m raoktir jdttd`es ‛ Okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es ]ro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka ‛ Vortda 88-57 ]ro`sjirlotaur ma pudsso`ka at hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka ‛ Okkassidras at äqudpala`ts
) r j ` a ( 1 6 6 8 6 8 7 5 8 8 : 5 6 6 : K A D
]BD[ VQHNDKO]DI@ D[ KIVTXDEB] VXI]AK]AM Kipyrdebt © 8686 DAK, Ea`avo, [wdtzarno`m Onn r debts rasarva rasarvam. m. Q` Q`nass nass i itbarwds tbarwds a spak djdam djdam,, `i port ij tbds tb ds puhndkot puh ndkot di` loy l oy ha raprimukam raprim ukam ir utd ndzam d` o`y jirl ir hy o`y lao`s, anaktri`dk ir lakbo`dkon, d`knumd`e pbitikipyd`e o`m ldkrijdnl, wdtbiut parldssdi` d` wrdtd`e jril adtbar DAK ir DAK's lalhar @otdi`on Killdttaa d` tba kiu`try ij tba raquastar. Dj yiu bova o`y quastdi`s ohiut DAK kipyrdebt ir bova o` a`qudry ohiut ihtod`d`e ommdtdi`on rdebts ti tbds puhndkotdi`, pnaosa ki`tokt tba ommrass haniw ir yiur nikon DAK lalhar @otdi`on Killdttaa jir jurtbar d`jirlotdi`. Mridts ma raprimuktdi` räsarväs. [ouj d`mdkotdi` ki`trodra, ouku`a portda ma katta puhndkotdi` `a paut çtra raprimudta `d utdndsäa sius quanqua jirla qua ka sidt at por ouku` prikämä, änaktri`dqua iu läko`dqua, y kilprds no pbitikipda at nas ldkrijdnls, so`s n'okkirm äkrdt ma n'DAK iu mu Kildtä `otdi`on ma n'DAK mu poys mu malo`maur. [d vius ovaz mas quastdi`s sur na kipyrdebt ma n'DAK iu sd vius mäsdraz ihta`dr mas mridts suppnäla`todras sur katta puhndkotdi`, utdndsaz nas kiirmi``äas kd-oprâs iu ki`toktaz na Kildtä `otdi`on ma n'DAK ma vitra poys ma räsdma`ka. DAK Ka`tron Ijjdka ;, rua ma Zoralhä KB-?8?? Ea`avo 86 [wdtzarno`m
]an.7 +=? 88 4?4 68 ?? d`jiFdak.kb d`jiFdak.kb www.dak.kb www.dak.kb
Ohiut tba DAK ]ba D`tar`otdi`on Anaktritakb`dkon Killdssdi` (DAK) ds tba naomd`e enihon ireo`dzotdi` tbot praporas o`m puhndsbas D`tar`otdi`on [to`morms jir onn anaktrdkon, anaktri`dk o`m ranotam takb`iniedas. Ohiut DAK puhndkotdi`s ]ba takb`dkon ki`ta`t ij DAK puhndkotdi`s ds capt u`mar ki`sto`t ravdaw hy tba DAK. Vnaosa loca sura tbot yiu bova tba notast amdtdi`, o kirrdea`mul ir o` ola`mla`t ldebt bova haa` puhndsbam. DAK puhndkotdi`s saorkb - - wahstira.dak.kb/omvsaorkbjirl
Anaktripamdo Anaktripam do - www.anaktripamdo.ire
]ba omvo`kam saorkb (rajara`ka a`ohnas ti jd`m DAK puhndkotdi`s hy o vordaty ij krdtardo `ulhar, taxt, takb`dkon killdttaa,…). Dt onsi edvas d`jirlotdi` i` prigakts, rapnokam o`m wdtbmrow` puhndkotdi`s.
]ba wirnm'slira naomd`e i` anaktritakb`iniey, ki`tod`d`e tbo` i`nd`a 88 666mdktdi`ory tarld`iniedkon a`trdas d` A`endsb o`m Jra`kb, wdtb aqudvona`t tarls d` ?: ommdtdi`on no`euoeas. Onsi c`iw` os tba D`tar`otdi`on Anaktritakb`dkon Zikohunory (DAZ) i`nd`a.
DAK Gust Vuhndsbam - - wahstira.dak.kb/gustpuhndsbam [toy up ti mota i` onn `aw DAK puhndkotdi`s. Gust Vuhndsbam matodns onn `aw puhndkotdi`s ranaosam. Ovodnohna i`nd`a o`m i`ka o li`tb hy alodn. alodn. DAK Kustilar [arvdka Ka`tra - - wahstira.dak.kb/ksk Dj yiu wdsb ti edva us yiur jaamhokc i` tbds puhndkotdi` ir `aam jurtbar ossdsto`ka, pnaosa ki`tokt tba Kustilar [arvdka Ka`tra7 sonasFdak.kb. Ka`tra7 sonasFdak.kb.
DAK Enissory - - stm.dak.kb/enissory stm.dak.kb/enissory :5 666 anaktritakb`dkon tarld`iniey a`trdas d` A`endsb o`m Jra`kb axtroktam jril tba ]arls o`m Majd`dtdi`s knousa ij DAK puhndkotdi`s dssuam sd`ka 8668. [ila a`trdas bova haa` kinnaktam jril aorndar puhndkotdi`s ij DAK ]K ;5, 55, 2: o`m KD[VX.
O pripis ma n'DAK No Killdssdi` Anaktritakb`dqua D`tar`otdi`ona (DAK) ast no praldâra ireo`dsotdi` li`mdona qud änohira at puhnda mas @irlas d`tar`otdi`onas piur tiut ka qud o trodt æ n'änaktrdkdtä, æ n'änaktri`dqua at oux takb`iniedas oppora`täas. O pripis mas puhndkotdi`s DAK Na ki`ta`u takb`dqua mas puhndkotdi`s DAK ast ki`stolla`t ravu. Zaudnnaz vius ossurar qua vius pissämaz n—ämdtdi` no pnus räka`ta, u` kirrdea`mul iu ola`mala`t paut ovidr ätä puhndä. Xakbarkba ma puhndkotdi`s DAK wahstira.dak.kb/omvsaorkbjirl No rakbarkba ovo`käa parlat ma triuvar mas puhndkotdi`s DAK a` utdndso`t mdjjära`ts krdtâras (`uläri ma räjära`ka, taxta, kildtä m—ätumas,…). Anna mi``a oussd mas d`jirlotdi`s sur nas prigats at nas puhndkotdi`s ralpnokäas iu ratdräas. DAK Gust Vuhndsbam - - wahstira.dak.kb/gustpuhndsbam Xastaz d`jirlä sur nas `iuvannas puhndkotdi`s DAK. Gust Vuhndsbam mätodnna nas `iuvannas puhndkotdi`s poruas. Mdspi`dhna a` nde`a at u`a j ids por lids por alodn. [arvdka Knda`ts - - wahstira.dak.kb/ksk [d vius mäsdraz `ius mi``ar mas killa`todras sur katta puhndkotdi` iu sd vius ovaz mas quastdi`s ki`toktaz-`ius7 sonasFdak.kb. sonasFdak.kb. Anaktripamdo Anaktripam do - www.anaktripamdo.ire
Na praldar mdktdi``odra m'änaktritakb`inieda a` nde`a ou li`ma, ovak pnus ma 88 666 ortdknas tarld`iniedquas a` o`enods at a` jro`åods, od`sd qua nas tarlas äqudvona`ts mo`s ?: no`euas ommdtdi``annas. Aeonala`t oppanä Zikohunodra Anaktritakb`dqua Anaktritakb`dq ua D`tar`otdi`on (DAZ) a` nde`a. stm.dak.kb/enissory Enissodra DAK - - stm.dak.kb/enissory :5 666 a`träas tarld`iniedquas änaktritakb`dquas, änaktritakb`dquas, a` o`enods at a` jro`åods, axtrodtas mas ortdknas ]arlas at Mäjd`dtdi`s mas puhndkotdi`s DAK poruas mapuds 8668. Vnus kartod`as a`träas o`tärdauras axtrodtas mas puhndkotdi`s mas KA ;5, 55, 2: at KD[VX ma n'DAK.
DAK :665:-88-5 ®
Amdtdi` ?.6
8686-61
D@]AX@O]DI@ON []O@MOXM @IXLA D@]AX@O]DI@ONA
Viwar tro`sjirlars ‛ Vort 88-57 Viwar tro`sjirlar o`m raoktir jdttd`es ‛ Okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es ]ro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka ‛ Vortda 88-57 ]ro`sjirlotaur ma pudsso`ka at hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka ‛ Okkassidras at äqudpala`ts
D@]AX@O]DI@ON ANAK]XI]AKB@DKON KILLD[[DI@ KILLD[[DI@ ANAK]XI]AKB@D_QA D@]AX@O]DI@ONA
DK[ 84.?26
D[H@ 452-8-2;88452-8-2;88-282=-5 282=-5
Uor`d`e! Loca sura tbot yiu ihtod`am tbds puhndkotdi` jril o` outbirdzam mdstrdhutir. Otta`tdi`! Zaudnnaz vius ossurar qua vius ovaz ihta`u katta puhndkotdi` vdo u` mdstrdhutaur oerää.
® Xa edstaram tromalorc ij tba D`tar`otdi`on Anakt Anaktritakb`dkon ritakb`dkon Killdssdi` Lorqua mäpisäa ma no Killdssdi` Anaktritakb`dqua D`tar`otdi`ona
‛8‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
KI@]A@][ JIXAUIXM .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... .............................. ............... : ?
[kipa .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ................. .. 2
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@irlotdva rajara`kas ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................ ........ 2
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]arls o`m majd`dtdi`s ................ ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................ ........ 4
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D`sunotd`e ndqudm kboroktardstdks .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............... ?6
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Ea`aron r aqudrala`ts jir riutd`a o`m typa tast ........................ ........................................ ............................... ...................... ....... ?6
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Okk assir as sir das da s o`m o` m jd tt ttd`e d`e s ... ... ... ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... .... ... . ?6 :.? :. ?
]barlilatar pikcats .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. ?6
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Mdla`sdi`s ij tbarlilatar pikcats ................................ ............................................... .............................. ............... ??
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Dma`tdjdkotdi` o`m `olapnota ...................................... ..................................................... ............................... ..................... ..... ??
Aortbd`e tarld`on ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ................................ ................... ... ?8
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Ea`aron ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ?8
Mdla`sdi`s ij mdjjara`t aortb tarld`ons .............................. .............................................. ............................ ............ ?8
Mrod`d`e pnue .............. .............................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ?1
:.;.?
Ea`aron ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ?1
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Lotardons ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ......................... ......... ?1
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Mdla`sdi`s ij mdjjara`t mavdkas .................... .................................... ............................... ............................... .................. .. ?1
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Odr Od r va`t va `t o`m o` m ndqu nd qudm dm mr mrod od`d `d`e `e mav dk dka a . ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ?5
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Ea`aron ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ?5
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Mdla`sdi`s ij mdjjara`t mavdkas .................... .................................... ............................... ............................... .................. .. ?2
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Lotardons ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ......................... ......... ?5
:.1 :. 1
Ubaan ossalhny ‛ Ea`aron raqudrala`ts ............................. ............................................. ............................... ................. .. ?2
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Mabymrotd`e hraotbars ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. ?2
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Ea`aron ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ?2
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Killi` raqudrala`ts ....................................... ...................................................... ............................... ............................. ............. ?4
:.:.;
Ommd Om md tdi `on `o n r aqud aq udra rala la`ts `ts jir ji r ki`va ki `va `t `tdi di`o `onn lo`u lo `uon on ra rapn pn okal ok ala` a`tt ty pa pas s ... ... ..... ... ..... ... ?4
:.:.=
Ommd Om md tdi `on `o n os ospa pakts kts jir ji r sanj sa nj-r -rae aea` a`ar arot otd` d`e e typa ty pas s ..... .. ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... .... .. 88
:.:.1
]asts ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ .................. 81
:.5 :. 5
Huttarjny vonvas .............................. ............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................ ......... 8:
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Ea`aron ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ 8:
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Zonva kilpi`a`ts ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... .......................... ........... 8:
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Ossa Os salh lhny ny or orro ro `eala `e ala `t `ts s o`m o` m md la la`s `sdi di`s `s ... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... .. 85
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Varjirlo`kas .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ................... ... 82
:.5.:
]asts ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ .................. 84
:.5.5
[uppny ki`mdtdi`s ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. ;6
:.5.8
:.2 :. 2
Xaqudrala`ts o`m kboroktardstdks .................................... ................................................... .............................. ............... 8:
Gu`ktdi` tarld`on hixas .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... .......................... ........... ;6
:.2.?
Ea`aron ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ;6
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Ju`ktdi` ij tba gu`ktdi` tarld`on hix ...................................... ...................................................... ....................... ....... ;6
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Maeraa ij pritaktdi` .......................................... ......................................................... ............................... ............................. ............. ;6
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛;‛
:.2.=
Ea`aron ki`struktdi` .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ........................ ........ ;6
:.2.1
Ivaronn mdla`sdi`s .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... .......................... ........... ;?
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Vrajarram j u`ktdi`on o`m lo`ujokturd`e k boroktardstdks ij tba tarl d`ons ......... ;?
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Varjirlo`ka ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ................................ ................... ... ;?
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]asts ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ .................. ;8
:.2.:
:.4 :. 4
Vrajarram ju`ktdi`on o`m lo`ujokturd`e kboroktardstdks ij t ba hix .................. .................. ;?
[olpnd`e mavdka .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ...................... ...... ;;
:.4.?
Ea`aron ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ;;
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]asts ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ .................. ;1
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Xaqudrala`ts o`m kboroktardstdks .................................... ................................................... .............................. ............... ;;
O``a O` `ax x O (d`j (d `jir irlo lotd tdva) va) Ao Aort rtbd` bd` e pom po m kurr ku rra` a`tt k opok op ok dty ko konk nkun unot otdi` di` ... ... ... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... .... ... . ;5 O.? O. ?
]bairy ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ .................... .... ;5
O.8 O. 8
Oppn Op pn dkot dk otdi` di` ti aort ao rtbd bd`e `e poms po ms ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... .... ;2
O``a O` `ax x H (d`j (d `jir irlo lotd tdva) va) Ubaa Ub aann o ss alh ny .... ...... ..... ... ... ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... .... =6 H. H.? ?
D`trimuktdi` ti wbaan sanaktdi` ....................... ....................................... ................................ ............................... ....................... ........ =6
H. H.8 8
]bairy ij ki`tokt .......................................... .......................................................... ................................ ............................... ........................ ......... =6
H.8.?
Loxdlul niom ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ................. =6
H.8.8
]roktdi` jirka .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ................... ... =?
H. H.; ;
Ubaan mdla`sdi`s o`m eoueas ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................ =8
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Vdtkb o`m eouea ...................... ..................................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................ ......... =8 @i`-jno`eam wbaan .......................... ......................................... ............................... ................................ ................................ ................ =8
Jno`eam wbaan ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ................. ==
O` `ax O``a x K (d`j (d `jir irlo lotd tdva va)) [d zd zd`e `e ij ki`v ki `va` a`tdi tdi `on `o n t ypas yp as ij maby ma bymr mrot otd`e d`e hr hrao aotb tbar ar ‛ Eudm Eu dma a jir konkunotdi` ij hraotbar sdza ........................................ ........................................................ ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ 16 O``a O` `ax x M (`ir (` irlot lot dva ) Hu Hutt ttar arjny jny vonva vo nva ty typa pas s ................................ ............................................... ............................... ............................. ............. 18 M. M.? ?
Huttarjny vonva typas O?, O8 o`m O; ossalhnam hy wanmd`e i` to`c wonn .............. ................ .. 18
M. M.8 8
Huttarjny vonva typas H? o`m H; ossalhnam hatwaa` to`c wonn o`m pdpand`a o`m i` pdpand`a .............. .............................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................ ......... 1=
M. M.; ;
Huttarjny v onvas typas K? o` m K8 ossalhnam i` pdpand`a ............................... ....................................... ........ 15
A. A.? ?
Ea`aron .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ .................... .... :6
A. A.8 8
Eoscat saots o`m eoscats jir huttarjny vonva typas O?, O8, O;, K? o`m K8 ............ :6
O``a O` `ax x A (`ir (` irlo lotdv tdv a) Eo Eosc scats ats o`m o` m eosca eo sca t s aots ao ts .... .. ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... :6
A. A.; ; Eoscat saots o`m eoscats jir hut tarjny vonva typas H ? o`m H8 ............................... ............................... :? O``a O` `ax x J (d `jir `j irlo lotdv tdv a) ]a ]arl rld` d`on on hixas hi xas ‛ Vr Vraj ajarr arr am liu` li u`td td`e `e md mdla la`s `sdi di`s `s ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... ..... ... . :8 Hdhndieropby ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................ ............. :; Jdeura ? ‛ ]barlilatar pikcat wdtb jalona (najt) o`m lona (rdebt) tbraom ..................... ............................. ........ ?? Jdeura 8 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H? ................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?; Jdeura ; ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H8 ................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?; Jdeura = ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H; ................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?; Jdeura 1 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H= ................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?= Jdeura : ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H1 ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. ?= Jdeura 5 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H: ................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?= Jdeura 2 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H5 ................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?1 Jdeura 4 ‛ Mrod`d`e pnue typa K? (hintam typa) ..... ..................... ................................ ............................... ............................... .................. .. ?: Jdeura ?6 ‛ Mrod`d`e pnue typa K8 ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?: Jdeura ?? ‛ Mrod`d`e mavdka typa K; .............................. ............................................. ............................... ................................ ........................ ........ ?5
‛=‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura ?8 ‛ Odr va`td`e o`m ndqudm mrod`d`e typa M? ( L:) o`m M8 (L?8) ................ ................................ .................. ?2 Jdeura ?; ‛ Hraotbar ki``aktd`e jno`eas ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ................ 86 Jdeura ?= ‛ Ivaronn mdla`sdi`s ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... .................. 8? Jdeura ?1 ‛ [olpnd`e mavdka @J K 18-?;8 ................................ ............................................... ............................... ............................. ............. ;= Jdeura ?: ‛ [olpnd`e mavdka MD@ =81:2 ................................ ................................................ ............................... ............................... ................ ;1 Jdeura H.? ‛ Ki`tokt surjoka hatwaa` o wbaan o`m o pno`a ...................................... .................................................. ............ =6 Jdeura H.8 ‛ ]roktdi` jirka .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... =?
Jdeura H.; ‛ Vdtkb o`m eouea .............. .............................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ................................ ................... ... =8 Jdeura H.= ‛ @i`-jno`eam wbaan ossalhny typa U? .............. .............................. ............................... ............................... .................. .. =; Jdeura H.1 ‛ Ubaan ossalhny typa U?, tip vdaw ij ni`edtumd`on o`m kriss pdtkb ............... .................... ..... =; Jdeura H.: ‛ Zde`ina typa rodn prijdna .............................. ............................................. ............................... ................................ ........................ ........ == Jdeura H.5 ‛ Hurhokb rodn prijdna.................................. prijdna.................................................. ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... =1 Jdeura H.2 ‛ Ubaan o`m rodn pisdtdi`s ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... ..................... ...... =1 Jdeura H.4 ‛ [d`ena wbaan jno`eam typa U8 ............... ............................... ............................... ............................... ............................. ............. =: Jdeura H.?6 ‛ Axolpna ij riu`m sbopa wbaan prijdna .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............... =: Jdeura H.?? ‛ Miuhna wbaan jno`eam typa U; .............................. .............................................. ................................ .......................... .......... =5 Jdeura H.?8 ‛ Kriss sdma trokc .................. ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... .............................. .............. =5 Jdeura H.?; ‛ [d`ena sdma trokc ................... ................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ........................... ........... =2 Jdeura H.?= ‛ Ki`ka`trdk miuhna trokcs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................... ... =2 Jdeura H.?1 ‛ Voronnan miuhna trokcs ........................... ........................................... ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... =4 Jdeura M.? ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas, typa O?, O8 o`m O; ............................. ................................... ...... 18 Jdeura M.8 ‛ H uttarjny vo nvas, typa O?, O8 o` m O ; ................ ................................ ............................... ............................... .................. .. 1; Jdeura M.; ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas typa H? o`m H8 hatwaa` to`c wonn o`m pdpand`a ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................ .............1= Jdeura M.= ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas typa H? o`m H8 i` pdpand`a ........................ ........................ 1= Jdeura M.1 ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa H? ....................... ...................................... ............................... ................................ ............................. ............. 11 Jdeura M.: ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa H8 ....................... ...................................... ............................... ................................ ............................. ............. 1: Jdeura M.5 ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas typa K? o`m K8 i` pdpand`a ................ ........................ ........ 15 Jdeura M.2 ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa K? ............... .............................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ..................... ...... 12 Jdeura M.4 ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa K8 ............... .............................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ..................... ...... 14 Jdeura J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij tarld`on hixas sdza O, H, K o`m M ................................ .............................................. .............. :8 ]ohna ? ‛ Vrajarram mdla`sdi`s jir tbarlilatar pikcats................ pikcats ................................ ............................... ...................... ....... ?8 ]ohna 8 ‛ Loxdlul k urra`t jir aortb tarld`ons .................... .................................... ............................... ............................... .................. .. ?1 ]ohna ; ‛ Mdl a`sdi`s ij mrod`d`e pnu e typa K8 .............................. .............................................. ................................ ....................... ....... ?5 ]ohna = ‛ ]ypdkon sdza knossas ij hraotbars ............................... .............................................. ............................... ............................. ............. 8? ]ohna 1 ‛ Locd`e o`m hraocd`e kopokdty ‛ [anj raea`arotd`e hraotbar ............................. ................................... ...... 8= ]ohna : ‛ Mda naktrdk stra`etb ij s wdtkbas ‛ Viwar jraqua`ky .............................. ............................................. ................... .... 8= ]ohna 5 ‛ Mdanaktrdk stra`etb ij swdtkbas ‛ Dlpunsa .............................. ............................................. ............................... .................. .. 8= ]ohna 2 ‛ Loxdlul omldssdhna naocoea vonua .............. .............................. ............................... ............................... .......................... .......... 84 ]ohna 4 ‛ Mdl a`sdi`s ij solpnd`e mavdka d` Jde ura ?1 ............... .............................. ............................... ............................ ............ ;= ]ohna ?6 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij s olpnd`e mav dka d` Jdeura ?: ............................... ............................................... ......................... ......... ;1 ]ohna O.? ‛ Lotardon moto jir kurra`t k opokdty konkunotdi` ............................... .............................................. ...................... ....... ;4
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
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]ohna O.8 ‛ Loxdlul parldssdhna kurra`t jir sto`morm aortbd`e poms, murd`e 6,1 s ............... ;4 ]ohna H.? ‛ U? wbaan ossalhny mdla`sdi`s ............................... ............................................... ................................ .......................... .......... =; ]ohna H.8 ‛ Ubaan U? pdtkbas ............... ............................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ................. == ]ohna H.; ‛ Xodn rastd`e surjoka .......................... .......................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ................... ... =1 ]ohna H.= ‛ Jno`eam sd`ena wbaan mdla`sdi`s ............................. ............................................. ................................ .......................... .......... =: ]ohna H.1 ‛ Jno`eam miuhna wbaan mdla`sdi`s ............................... ............................................... ................................ ....................... ....... =5 ]ohna H.: ‛ Xodn eouea jir kriss sdma trokc ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................ ............. =2
]ohna H.5 ‛ Xodn eoueas jir sd`ena trokc .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... .................. ... =2 ]ohna H.2 ‛ Xodn eoueas jir k i`ka`trdk trokcs ................................... ................................................... ............................... .................... ..... =4 ]ohna H.4 ‛ Xodn eoueas jir poronnan trokcs ................................ ............................................... ............................... ............................. ............. =4 ]ohna K.? ‛ Loss ij wotar, d` erols, ki`tod`am d` i`a kuhdk latra ij o dr .......................... ............................. ... 1? ]ohna M.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij huttarjny vonvas, typas O?, O8 o`m O ; ............................... .......................................... ........... 1; ]ohna M.8 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij huttarjny vonvas, typa H? ................ ................................ ............................... .............................. ............... 11 ]ohna M.; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij h uttarjny vonvas, typa H8 ................ ................................ ............................... .............................. ............... 1: ]ohna M.= ‛ Mdl a`sdi`s ij huttarjny vo nvas typa K? ....................................... ....................................................... ....................... ....... 12 ]ohna M.1 ‛ Mdl a`sdi`s ij huttarjny vo nvas, typa K8 ....................................... ...................................................... ...................... ....... 14 ]ohna A.? ‛ Eoscat saot mdla`sdi`s o`m eoscat typas o`m mdla`sdi`s jir huttarjny vonvas ty pas O?, O8, O;, K? o `m K8.............................. K8.............................................. ............................... ............................... ......................... ......... :6 ]ohna A.8 ‛ Eoscat saots mdla`sdi`s o`m eoscat typa typas s o`m mdla`sdi`s jir huttarjny vonvas typas H? o`m H8............................... H8.............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ :? ]ohna J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij tarld`on hixas sdza O, H, K o`m M .............................. .............................................. .................. :8
‛:‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
D@]AX@O]DI@ON ANAK]XI]AKB@DKON KILLD[[DI@ YYYYYYYYYYYY
VIUAX ]XO@[JIXLAX[ ‛ Vort 88-57 Viwar tro`sjirlar raoktir jdttd`es ‛ Okkassirdas o`mo`m jdttd`es JIXAUIXM ?) ]ba D`tar`otdi`on Anaktritakb`dkon Anaktritakb`dkon Killdssdi` Killdssdi` (DAK) ds o wirnmwdma ireo`dzotdi` jir sto`mormdzotdi` kilprdsd`e kilprdsd`e onn `otdi`on anaktritakb`dkon killdttaas killdttaas (DAK @otdi`on Killdttaas). ]ba ihgakt ij DAK ds ti prilita d`tar`otdi`on ki-iparotdi` i` onn quastdi`s ki`kar`d`e sto`mormdzotdi` d` tba anaktrdkon o`m anaktri`dk jdanms. ]i tbds a`m o `m d` ommdtdi` ti itbar oktdvdtdas, DAK puhndsbas D`tar`otdi`on [to`morms, ]akb`dkon [pakdjdkotdi [pakdjdkotdi`s, `s, ]akb`dkon Xapirts, Vuhndkny Ovodnohna [pakdjdkotdi`s (VO[) o`m Eudmas (baraojtar rajarram ti os „DAK Vuhndkotdi`(s)“). ]badr praporotdi` ds a`trustam ti takb`dkon killdttaas3 o`y DAK @otdi`on Killdttaa d`tarastam d` tba suhgakt maont wdtb loy portdkdpota d` tbds praporotiry wirc. D`tar`otdi`on, eivar`la`to eivar`la`tonn o`m `i`-eivar`la` `i`-eivar`la`ton ton ireo`dzotdi`s ndodsd`e wdtb tba DAK o nsi portdkdpota d` tbds praporotdi`. DAK kinnohirotas knisany wdtb tba D`tar`otdi`on Ireo`dzotdi` jir [to`mormdzotdi` [to`mormdzotdi ` (D[I) d` okkirmo`ka wdtb ki`mdtdi`s matarld`am hy oeraala`t hatwaa` tba twi ireo`dzotdi`s. 8) ]ba jirlon makdsdi`s makdsdi`s ir oeraala`ts ij DAK i` takb`dkon takb`dkon lottars axprass, os `aorny `aorny os pissdhna, o` d`tar`otdi`on ki`sa`sus ij ipd`di` i` tba ranavo`t suhgakts sd`ka aokb takb`dkon killdttaa bos raprasa`totdi` jril onn d`tarastam DAK @otdi`on Killdttaas. ;) DAK Vuhndkotdi`s bova tba jirl ij rakilla`motdi`s jir d`tar`otdi`on usa o`m ora okkaptam hy DAK @otdi`on @otdi`on Killdttaas d` tbot sa`sa. Ubdna onn raosi`ohna ajjirts ora loma ti a`sura tbot tba takb`dkon ki`ta`t ij DAK Vuhndkotdi`s ds okkurota, DAK ko``it ha banm raspi`sdhna jir tba woy d` wbdkb tbay ora usam ir jir o`y ldsd`tarpratotdi` ldsd`tarpr atotdi` hy o`y a`m usar. =) D` irmar ti prilita d`tar`otdi`on u`djirldty, DAK @otdi`on Kill Killdttaas dttaas u`martoca ti oppny DAK Vuhndkotdi`s tro`spora`tny ti tba loxdlul axta`t pissdhna d` tbadr `otdi`on o`m raedi`on puhndkotdi`s. O`y mdvarea`ka hatwaa` o`y DAK Vuhndkotdi` o`m tba kirraspi`md`e `otdi`on ir raedi`on puhndkotdi` sbonn ha knaorny d`mdkotam d` tba nottar. 1) DAK dtsanj mias `it privdma o`y ottastotdi` ij ki`jir ki`jirldty. ldty. D`mapa`ma`t kartdjdkotdi` kartdjdkotdi` himdas privdma ki`jirldty ki`jirldty ossassla`t sarvdkas o`m, d` sila oraos, okkass ti DAK lorcs ij ki`jirldty. DAK ds `it raspi`sdhna jir o`y sarvdkas korrdam iut hy d`mapa`ma`t kartdjdkotdi` himdas. :) Onn usars sbiunm sbiunm a`sura tbot tbay bova tba notast amdtdi` amdtdi` ij tbds puhndkotdi`. puhndkotdi`. 5) @i ndohdndty sbonn sbonn ottokb ti DAK ir dts mdraktirs, alpniyaas alpniyaas,, sarvo`ts ir oea`ts d`knumd`e d`mdvd d`mdvdmuon muon axparts o`m lalhars ij dts takb`dkon killdttaas o`m DAK @otdi`on Killdttaas jir o`y parsi`on d`gury, priparty moloea ir itbar moloea ij o`y `otura wbotsiavar, wbatbar mdrakt ir d`mdrakt, ir jir kists (d`knumd`e naeon jaas) o`m axpa`sas ordsd`e iut ij tba puhndkotdi`, usa ij, ir rando`ka upi`, tbds DAK Vuhndkotdi` ir o`y itbar DAK Vuhndkotdi`s. Vuhndkotdi`s. 2) Otta`tdi` ds mrow` ti tba @irlotdva @irlotdva rajara`kas kdtam d` tbds puhndkotdi` puhndkotdi`.. Qsa ij tba rajara`kam puhndkotdi`s ds d`mdspa`sohna jir tba kirrakt oppndkotdi` ij tbds puhndkotdi`. 4) Otta`tdi` ds mrow` ti tba pissdhdndty pissdhdndty tbot sila ij tba anala`ts ij tbds DAK Vuhnd Vuhndkotdi` kotdi` loy ha tba suhgakt ij pota`t rdebts. DAK sbonn `it ha banm raspi`sdhna jir dma`tdjyd`e o`y ir onn sukb pota`t rdebts.
D`tar`otdi`on [to`morm DAK :665:-88-5 bos haa` praporam hy DAK takb`dkon killdttaa ?=7 Viwar tro`sjirlars. ]ba taxt ij tbds D`tar`otdi`on [to`morm ds hosam i` tba jinniwd`e mikula`ts7 JMD[
Xapirt i` vitd`e
?=/?6==/JMD[
?=/?6=2/XZM
Junn d`jirlotdi` i` tba vitd`e jir tba opprivon ij tbds D`tar`otdi`on [to`morm ko` ha jiu`m d` tba rapirt i` vitd`e d`mdkotam d` tba ohiva tohna. ]bds mikula`t bos haa` mrojtam d` okkirmo`ka wdtb tba D[I/DAK Mdraktdvas, Vort 8. O n dst ds t ij i j o nn port po rts s d ` tba t ba DAK DA K :665 :6 65: : s ar ardas das , p uhnds uh nds bam ba m u`m u `mar ar tba tb a ea` e a`ar aron on td tna Viwar tro`sjirlars , ko` ha jiu`m i` tba DAK wahsdta.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛5‛
]ba killdttaa bos makdmam tbot tba ki`ta`ts ij tbds mikula`t wdnn ralod` u`kbo`eam u`tdn tba stohdndty mota d`mdkotam i` tba DAK wahsdta u`mar "bttp7//wahstira.dak.kb" d` tba moto ranotam ti tba spakdjdk mikula`t. Ot tbds mota, tba mikula`t wdnn ha •
raki`jdrlam,
•
wdtbmrow`,
•
rapnokam hy o ravdsam amdtdi`, ir
•
ola`mam.
‛2‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
VIUAX ]XO@[JIXLAX[ ‛ Vort 88-57 Viwar tro`sjirlar o`m raoktir jdttd`es ‛ Okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es
?
[kipa
]bds port ij DAK :665:-88 oppndas ti o sanaktdi` ij okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es liu`tam i` ndqudm dllarsam piwar tro`sjirlars okkirmd`e ti DAK :665:-? o`m raoktirs okkirmd`e ti DAK :665:-: wdtb ir wdtbiut ki`sarvotir jir d`miir ir iutmiir d`stonnotdi`. Dt iutnd`as tba sarvdka ki`mdtdi`s o`m tba lakbo`dkon raqudrala`ts tbot ora killi` ti onn tba okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es. ]bds mikula`t onsi iutnd`as tba iparotdi` raqudrala`ts spakdjdk ti aokb mavdka os wann os tba prajarram mdla`sdi`s ranavo`t jir d`tarkbo`eaohdndty o`m tba typa o`m riutd`a tast ti ha parjirlam. ]bds mikula`t kivars o` axboustdva sanaktdi` ij tba okkassir das o`m jdttd`es tbot ora kurra`tny usam i` tro`sjirlars ir raoktirs.
8
@irlotdva rajara`kas
]ba jinniwd`e mikula`ts ora rajarram ti d` tba taxt d` sukb o woy tbot sila ir onn ij tbadr ki`ta`t ki`stdtutas raqudrala`ts ij tbds mikula`t. Jir motam rajara`kas, i`ny tba amdtdi` kdtam oppndas. Jir u`motam rajara`kas, tba notast amdtdi` ij tba rajara`kam mikula`t (d`knumd`e o`y ola`mla`ts) oppndas. DAK :66:2-;-;786?4, A`vdri`l a`ton tastd`e ‛ Vort ;-;7 [uppirtd`e mikula`totdi` o`m eudmo`ka ‛ [adsldk tast latbims jir aqudpla`t DAK :66:2-;-;7?44?, A`vdri`la`ton tastd`e ‛ Vort ;-;7 Eudmo`ka ‛ [adsldk tast latbims jir aqudpla`ts DAK :665:-?, Viwar tro`sjirlars ‛ Vort ?7 Ea`aron DAK :665:-5, Viwar tr o`sjirlars ‛ Vort 57 Niomd`e eudm a jir ld`aron-i dn-dllarsam piwar tro`sjirlars DAK :684:, Jnudms jir anaktritakb`dkon oppndkotdi`s ‛ Q`usam ld`aron d`sunotd`e idns jir tro`sjirlars o`m swdtkbeaor DAK :6184, Maeraas ij pritaktdi` privdmam hy a`knisuras (DV Kima) DAK :658?-;-=, Knossdjdkotdi` ij a`vdri`la`ton ki`mdtdi`s ‛ Vort ;-=7 Knossdjdkotdi` ij eriups ij a`vdri`la`ton porolatars o`m tbadr savardtdas ‛ [totdi`ory usa ot `i`-waotbarpritaktam nikotdi`s DAK :6811-85, Laosurd`e ranoys raqudrala`ts
o`m pr itaktdi` aqu dpla`t ‛
Vort 857 Vr imukt soj aty
D[I ;:6?-?, Jnudm p iwar systals ‛ I-rd`es ‛ Vort ?7 D`sdma mdolatars, kriss-saktdi`s, tinaro`kas o`m masde`otdi` kimas
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛4‛
D[I 5661-?, Vdpa jno`eas ‛ Vort ?7 [taan jno`eas jir d`mustrdon o`m ea`aron sarvdka p dpd`e systals D[I ?84==-:, Vod`ts o`m vor`dsbas ‛ Kirrisdi` pritaktdi` ij staan strukturas hy pritaktdva pod`t systals ‛ Vort :7 Nohirotiry parjirlo`ka tast latbims
;
]arls o`m majd`dtdi`s
Jir tba purpisas ij tbds mikula`t, tba jinniwd`e tarls o`m majd`dtdi`s oppny. D[I o`m DAK lod`tod` tarld`iniedkon motohosas jir usa d` sto`mormdzotdi` ot tba jinniwd`e ommrassas7 •
DAK Anaktripamdo7 ovodnohna ot bttp7//www.anaktripamdo.ire/
•
D[I I`nd`a hriwsd`e pnotjirl7 ovodnohna ot bttp7//www.dsi.ire/ihp ot bttp7//www.dsi.ire/ihp
;.? tbarlilatar pikcat jokdndty liu`tam i` tba tro`sjirlar ir raoktir k ivar ir pdpawirc ir o`y ndqudm jdnnam kilportla`t, d`ta`mam ti biusa o tbarlon sa`sir ti laosura tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm talparotura ;.8 aortbd`e tarld`on tarld`on privdmam i` tba tro`sjirlar ir raoktir to`c ir kiinar suppirt struktura ir o`y itbar port tbot `aams ti ha eriu`mam o`m d`ta`mam jir tba anaktrdk ki``aktdi` wdtb tba aortbd`e `atwirc ;.; mrod`d`e pnue jokdndty d`ta`mam ti mrod` tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm jril ndqudm jdnnam kilportla`ts ;.= odr va`t jokdndty jir va`td`e tba odr ir eos troppam wdtbd` tba tro`sjirlar to`c o`m pdpawirc ;.1 wbaan ossalhny mavdka sudtohna jir livala`t ij tba tro`sjirlar d` mdjjara`t mdraktdi`s usd`e rodns
;.: mabymrotd`e hraotbar mavdka nd`cd`e tba odr spoka ot tba tip ij tba to`c ij o ndqudm dllarsam tro`sjirlar wdtb tba iutsdma odr ti ohsirh tba buldmdty ij tba hraotbam odr ;.5 huttarjny vonva mavdka masde`am ti dsinota o`y kilpi`a`t ir okkassiry liu`tam i` tba tro`sjirlar ndqudm systal ;.2 gu`k gu `ktd tdi` i` tarld ta rld `o `onn hi hix x mavdka masde`am ti loca niw-vintoea, niw-kurra`t, d`sunotam o`m ndqudm-tdebt anaktrdkon ki``aktdi`s hatwaa` tba d`sdma o`m iutsdma ij o ndqudm jdnnam kilportla`t ;.4 solpnd`e vonva mavdka usam ti toca solpnas ij tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm
=
‛ ?6 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
[arvdka ki`mdtdi`s
=.?
Ea`aron
]ba sarvdka ki`mdtdi`s sat iut d` DAK :665:-?786??, =.8 raprasa`t tba ` irlon skipa ij iparotdi` ij tba okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es spakdjdam d` tbds mikula`t. Jir o`y u`usuon sarvdka ki`mdtdi`s tbot raqudra spakdon ki`sdmarotdi` d` tba masde` ij tba mavdkas o`m aqudpla`t, saa DAK :665:-?786??, 1.1. Mavdka spakdjdkotdi` jir iparotdi` u`mar sukb u`usuon sarvdka ki`mdtdi`s sbonn ha suhgakt ti oeraala`t hatwaa` tba purkbosar o`m lo`ujokturar.
=.8
Kirrisdi` pritaktdi`
]ba lotardons usam jir tba ki`struktdi` ij tba okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es ir tba surjoka traotla`t sbonn ha rasdsto`t ti tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm o`m sudtohna ti wdtbsto`m tba a`vdri`la`ton ki`mdtdi`s. Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, ld`dlul wdtbsto`m navan ij tba ports axpisam ti tba a`vdri`la`t sbonn ha K= lamdul murohdndty okkirmd`e ti D[I ?84==-:. Vorts d`ta`mam ti ha wanmam o`m aortbd`e poms sbonn `it ha pod`tam. Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, skraws axpisam ti tba a`vdri`la`t sbonn ha stod`nass staan, ki`sdsta`t wdtb tba ld`dlul kirrisdi` knoss K= lamdul murohdndty.
=.;
Xasdsto`ka ti olhda`t ki`mdtdi`s
]ba lotardons usam jir tba ki`struktdi` ij tba okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es sbonn ha QZ rasdsto`t3 wd`miws o`m sdebt enossas sbonn `it hakila ipoqua ivar tba ndja ij tba okkassiry.
=.=
D`sunotd`e ndqudm kboroktardstdks
]bds [uhknousa =.= ki`kar`s i`ny tba okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es tbot ora d` ki`tokt wdtb tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm. Dj `it itbarwdsa spakdjdam, tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm ds o ld`aron ndqudm okkirmd`e ti DAK :684: o`m tba iparotd`e talparotura sbonn ha d` okkirmo`ka wdtb DAK :665:-5. Dj tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm ds `it o ld`aron ndqudm tba` tba purkbosar sbonn d`mdkota tba iparotd`e talparotura.
1
Ea`aron raqudrala`ts jir riutd`a o`m typa tast
Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, tasts sbonn ha loma ot o` olhda`t talparotura hatwaa` ?6 ¶K o`m =6 ¶K. Onn On n lao surd su rd `e d`s tr trul ula` a`ts ts us usam am jir ji r tba tb a tast ta sts s sbon sb on n bova bo va trok tr okao aohn hna a okku ok kuro roky ky o` o`m m ha su suhg hgak aktt ti pardimdk kondhrotdi`.
:
Okkassirdas Okkassirdas o`m jdttd`es
:.? :.?.?
]barlilatar pikcats Ea`aron
]ba tbarlilatar pikcat sbonn privdma ot onn tdlas o saporotdi` hatwaa` tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm o`m tba sa`sir3 tba tbarlilatar pikcat sbonn ha masde`am ti wdtbsto`m tba vokuul o`m prassura tasts majd`am hy DAK : 665:-?786??, ??.2, ??.4, ??.?6 o`m ??.??, jir tro`sjirlar to`cs.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?? ‛
Uba` tba tbarlilatar pikcat ds `it d` usa, tba ipa`d`e sbonn ha pnueeam ti ovidm ki`told`otdi` hy lidstura, must o`m o`y itbar u`masdram portdknas. ]ba tbarlilatar pikcat sbonn ha masde`am ti ovidm moloea ti tba tbarlilatar pikcat ir ti tba talparotura sa`sd`e aqudpla`t mua ti tba tbarlon axpo`sdi` ij tba baot tro`sjar lamdul. ]bara sbonn ha eiim tbarlon tro`sjar ij tba tbarlilatar pikcat lotardon o`m tba jdnnd`e lamdul.
:.?.8
Dma`tdjdkotdi` o`m `olapnota
@i raqudrala`t.
:.?.;
]ast
]ba tbarlilatar pikcat ds `it tastam d`mdvdmuonny, hut os o kilpi`a`t ij tba tro`sjirlar ir raoktir murd`e typa ir riutd`a tastd`e.
:.?.=
Mdla`sdi`s ij tbarlilatar pikcats
Jdeura ? o`m o` m ]ohna ? edva tba prajarram sinutdi`s jir tbarlilatar pikcats. ]ba pritaktdva pnue ir kop ds `it spakdjdam hy tbds mikula`t. Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura ? ‛ ]barlilatar pikcat wdtb jalona (najt) o`m lona (rdebt) tbraom
‛ ?8 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ohna ? ‛ Vrajarram mdla`sdi`s jir tbarlilatar pikcats Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras ]barlilatar pikcats wdtb
]ypa
O ld`
H ld`
O?
86
J
Jalona tbraom
Lona tbraom
:.8 :.8.?
H lox
K ld` ld`
M lox
]braom Ò ]
86
?:1
;6
E?
?5
?:
?11
;6
L88 Õ ?,1
Q
?;
?8,=
?::
;6
L88 Õ ?,1
O8
86
86
?86
;6
E°
?8,1
Aortbd`e tarld`on Ea`aron
Aortbd`e tarld`ons sbonn ha stod`nass staan eroma ;6=N ld`dlul o`m pisdtdi`am knaor ij eriu`m navan. ]ba pom sbonn ha sanaktam ti wdtbsto`m tba loxdlul prispaktdva aortb jount kurra`ts. Vrdir ti ki``aktdi` ti aortb, o`y `i`-ki`muktdva kiotd`e sbonn ha ralivam ot tbraoms, ki`tokt pid`ts, o`m ki`tokt surjokas. ]ba tarld`on sbonn ha dma`tdjdam hy tba nattar "A" adtbar i` tba tarld`on dtsanj ir i` dts vdkd`dty. Jir tba konkunotdi` ij tba loxdlul kurra`t ij tba aortbd`e poms sbiw` d` ]ohna 8, 8, tba kriss saktdi` ij tba aortbd`e anala`t ds usam3 tba wanmd`e i` tba to`c ds ki`sdmara m ti bova o ld`dlul kriss saktdi` aqudvona`t ti tba kriss saktdi` ij tba pom. Jir aortb tarld`on H5, o 1 ll wanmd`e saol oni`e tba kilpnata kdrkuljara`ka ds ki`sdmaram. Jir o stum typa aortbd`e anala`t, tba kira tbraom ds usam. ]ba tarld`on sbonn a`sura anaktrdkon ki`td`udty wdtb tba tro`sjirlar to`c. ]ba wanmd`e lotardons o`m latbims jir ki``aktd`e tba poms ti tba to`c sbonn ha kopohna ij wdtbsto`md`e tba loxdlul talparoturas d`mdkotam d` d` ]ohna O.? jir aokb typa ij pom wdtbiut matrdla`t. ]ba loxdlul kurra`t vonuas matodnam d` ]ohna d` ]ohna 8 ora ranotam i`ny ti tba aortbd`e pom o`m dts ki``aktdi` ti tba to`c3 aortbd`e ki``aktdi`s ti tba pom sbiunm ha sudtohny rota m ti lotkb tbasa vonuas. ]ohna 8 sbiws tba sbirt-kdrkudt kurra`t korryd`e kopokdty ij tba aortb tarld`ons. tarld`ons. ]ohna ]ohna 8 ds hosam i` o` d`dtdon talparotura ij =6 ¶K o`m o jd`on talparotura ij ;66 ¶K o`m o sbirt kdrkudt murotdi` ij 6,1 s, ki`sdmard`e tbot tba tro`sjirlar pritaktdi`s wdnn trdp tba kurra`t aorndar tbo` tbds vonua. ]ba vonuas d` ]ohna d` ]ohna 8 bova haa` astohndsbam ki`sdmard`e tba lotardon pripartdas os jiu`m d` ndtarotura o`m o` omdohotdk talparotura rdsa. Jir ommdtdi`on d`jirlotdi`, saa O``ax saa O``ax O. O.
:.8.8
Mdla`sdi`s ij mdjjara`t aortb tarld`ons
Jdeura 8 ti ti Jdeura Jdeura 2 sbiw tba prajarram sinutdi`s.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura 8 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H? Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura ; ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H8 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura = ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H;
‛ ?= ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura 1 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H= Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura : ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H1 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura 5 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H:
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?1 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura 2 ‛ Aortb tarld`on typa H5 ]ohna 8 ‛ Loxdlul kurra`t jir aortb tarld`ons
ll 8
[birt-kdrkudt kurra`t [birt-kdrkudt kopohdndty cO cO
Kriss saktdi` [ Aortb tarld`on typa
:.; :.;.?
H?
Ò;6 L?8
14=
;?,1
H8
1 ll Õ ;6 ll
?16
2,6
H;
L?8
5:
=,6
H=
:6 ll Õ ?6 ll
:66
;?,1
H1
?86 ll Õ ?6 ll
? 866
:;,6
H:
??6 ll Õ ?6 ll
? ?66
12,6
H5
1? ll Õ 24 ll
? =66
5=,6
Mrod`d`e pnue Ea`aron
Mrod`d`e pnues ora usam i` onn d`sunotd`e ndqudm kilportla`ts, jir tba kilpnata mrod`d`e ij tba ndqudm ki`tod`am d`sdma. ]bay sbonn ha pisdtdi`am d` tba niwast port ij tba kilportla`t. ]bay sbonn `it naoc d` iparotdi`.
:.;.8
Lotardons
]ba wanmam ports sbonn ha loma ij korhi` staan, skraws o`m skrawam ports sbonn ha hross ir stod`nass staan, o`m pritaktdva kops sbonn ha latonndk.
:.;.;
Mdla`sdi`s ij mdjjara`t mavdkas
Jdeura 4 ti Jdeura ti Jdeura ?? sbiw tba prajarram sinutdi`s, ti ha kbisa` okkirmd`e ti tba ndqudm vinula ti ha mrod`am. ]ohna mrod`am. ]ohna ; sbiws tba mdla`sdi`s ij tba mrod`d`e pnues sbiw` d` Jdeura d` Jdeura ?6. ?6.
‛ ?: ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura 4 ‛ Mrod`d`e pnue typa K? (hintam typa) Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
Jdeura ?6 ‛ Mrod`d`e pnue typa K8
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?5 ‛
]ohna ; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij mrod`d`e pnue typa K8 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras m ?
m 1
m ;
m =
ll ll
ll ll
ll ld`
L8= Õ ?,1
;6
=:
?2,1
:1
L;; Õ ?,1
=6
:1
8:
26
L=8 Õ ?,1
18
26
;;,2
o
h
k
ll
ll ll
ll ll
ll ll
K8-O
88
:5
:
=:
K8-H
;?
4;
?6
K8-K
=6
??1
?6
[dza
m 8
Jdeura ?? ‛ Mrod`d`e mavdka typa K; :.= :.=.?
Odr va`t o`m ndqudm mrod`d`e mavdka Ea`aron
Odr va`t va `ts s ora o ra us usam am i` d`s unot un otd` d`e e n dqu dm kilp ki lpor ortl tla` a`ts ts,, jir j ir tba tb a v a` a`td td `e ij tb tba a odr o dr ir eos ki ki`t `tod od`a `am m d`sdma. Uba` usam os o` odr va`t tbay sbonn ha pisdtdi`am d` tba bdebast port ij tba kilportla` t. Mrod`d`e mavdkas ora usam i` d`sunotd`e ndqudm kilportla`ts jir mrod`d`e slonn oliu`ts ij ndqudm. Uba` usam os o mrod`d`e pnue, tbay sbonn ha pisdtdi`am ot tba niwast port ij tba kilportla`t. Odr va`t va `ts s o`m o` m ndqu nd qudm dm mr mrod` od` d`e mav dk dkas as sbon sb onnn `it `i t nao c d` ip ipar arot otdi di`. `.
:.=.8
Lotardons
]ba wanmam ports sbonn ha loma ij korhi` staan, skraws o`m skrawam ports sbonn ha hross ir stod`nass staan, o`m pritaktdva kops sbonn ha latonndk.
:.=.;
‛ ?2 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Mdla`sdi`s ij mdjjara`t mavdkas
Jdeura ?8 sbiws tba prajarram sinutdi`, ti ha kbisa` okkirmd`e ti tba eos vinula ti ha va`tam ir tba idn vinula ti ha mrod`am. Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
]ypa M? (L:)
]ypa M8 (L?8)
Jdeura ?8 ‛ Odr va`td`e o`m ndqudm mrod`d`e typa M? (L:) o`m M8 (L?8) :.1
Ubaan ossalhny ‛ Ea`aron raqudrala`ts
Aokb wbaan ossalhny sbonn ha sudtohna jir livala`t d` ot naost twi parpa`mdkunor mdraktdi`s o`m ha ohna ti ha sakuram d` tba sanaktam pisdtdi`. Aokb wbaan ossalhny sbonn ha masde`am ti okkapt o mavdka jir hnikcd`e tba wbaans wdtb kbikcs.
Aokb wbaanwba` ossalhny sbonn ha kopohna ij haord`e ?86 % ij tba loxdlul niom ti wbdkb dt wdnn ha suhgakt tba tro`sjirlar ds kilpnatany ndqudm jdnnam o`m stotdi`ory. Jir tba axpaktam ndja ij tba tr o`sjirlar tba wbaan ossalhny sbonn sbiw `i sde` ij majirlotdi`s tbot wdnn prava`t `irlon ritotdi` ij tba wbaan o`m sbonn rinn jraany ava` ojtar o ni`e pardim ij had`e stotdi`ory. Jir tba axpaktam ndja ij tba tro`sjirlar tba wbaan ossalhny sbonn `it majirl tba rodn i` wbdkb dt ds liu`tam hitb wba` stotdi`ory o`m rinnd`e i` tba rodn. Jir ommdtdi`on d`jirlotdi`, saa O``ax saa O``ax H. H.
:.: :.:.?
Mabymrotd`e hraotbars Ea`aron
]bds mavdka bos tba ju`ktdi` ti ohsirh tba buldmdty ij tba odr, hraotbam d`sdma o`y ndqudm jdnnam kilportla`t ij ndqudm dllarsam tro`sjirlars o`m raoktirs, mua ti tbarlon ki`troktdi` ij tba ndqudm.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?4 ‛
]bds mikula`t ki`sdmars i`ny hraotbars usd`e o mabymrotd`e oea`t ti ohsirh tba buldmdty jril tba odr. Murd`e iparotdi`, tba mabymrotd`e oea`t ohsirhs buldmdty u`tdn soturotdi`. Hraotbars loy ha ij tba ki`va`tdi`on lo`uon rapnokala`t ir sanj-raea`arotd`e typa.
:.:.8
Killi` raqudrala`ts
:.:.8.?
Ea`aron
]basa raqudrala`ts oppny ti hitb hraotbar typas, ki`va`tdi`on lo`uon rapnokala`t o`m sanjraea`arotd`e.
:.:.8.8
Mabymrotd`e oea`t
]ba mabymrotd`e oea`t sbonn ha jraa jril must portdknas, os tbasa ko` ojjakt hraotbar parjirlo`ka.
:.:.8.;
Liu`td`e orro`eala`t
]ba hraotbar ds `irlonny liu`tam d` va rtdkon pisdtdi`, aosy ti ha raokbam jr il eriu`m navan jir lod`ta`o`ka iparotdi` o`m jir tba rapnokala`t ij tba mabymrotd`e oea`t, dj `aamam.
:.:.;
Ommdtdi`on raqudrala`ts jir ki`va`tdi`on lo`uon rapnokala`t typas
:.:.;.?
Mabymrotd`e oea`t
]ba mabymrotd`e oea`t sbonn privdma o vdsuon d`mdkotdi` ij tba soturotdi` ki`mdtdi` ij tba oea`t o`m sbonn bova o ero`unilatry hatwaa` 8 ll o`m 5 ll. @I]A
[dndko ean ean ds tba l list ist killi`ny killi`ny usam mabymrotd`e mabymrotd`e oea`t. oea`t.
:.:.;.8
[anaktdi` krdtardo
]ba kbidka ij o hraotbar sdza mapa`ms i` tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm vinula ij tba tro`sjirlar kilportla`ts, tba axpo`sdi` kiajjdkda`t ij tba ndqudm, tba kndlota ki`mdtdi`s (ranotdva buldmdty o`m talparotura vordotdi`) ij tba sdta wbara tba tro`sjirlar wdnn ha d`stonnam, tba iparotd`e ki`mdtdi`s (jraqua`ky o`m spaam ij niom vordotdi`) o`m tba axpaktam lod`ta`o`ka d`tarvon. ]ba kbidka ij tba hraotbar saond`e euorm ds suhgakt ti oeraala`t hatwaa` purkbosar o`m suppndar. ]ba saond`e euorm sbonn ha sanaktam ki`sdmard`e tba loxdlul odr jniw axpaktam d` sarvdka. [a [aa a O``ax K jir matodnam sanaktdi` krdtardo.
:.:.;.;
Hraotbar kilpi`a`ts
]ba masde` o`m ossalhny ij tba hraotbar o`m ij dts' kilpi`a`ts sbonn onniw jir o` aosy rapnokala`t ij tba mabymrotd`e oea`t. ]ba hraotbar `irlonny ki`sdsts ij tba jinniwd`e kilpi`a`ts7 •
Mabymrotd`e oea`t ki`tod`ar ]ba ka`tra port ij tba hraotbar, baraojtar rajarram ti os "ki`tod`ar", sbonn parldt o vdsuon kbakc ij tba prasa`ka ij tba mabymrotd`e oea`t d`sdma o`m dts stota ij soturotdi`. Dt loy ha suppndam wdtb o` axtar`on latonndk jrola ti privdma lakbo`dkon pritaktdi` oeod`st dlpokts o`m ommdtdi`onny o sbdanm oeod`st mdrakt s u` romdotdi`, wbdkb loy ojjakt tba ajjdkda`ky ij tba mabymrotd`e oea`t.
•
‛ 86 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Qppar jno`eam ki``aktdi` ]ba tip ij tba ki`tod`ar sbonn ha privdmam wdtb o kivar wdtb o jno`eam ki``aktdi`, wbdkb a`ohnas tba hraotbar ti ha jdttam ti tba odr-d`nat tuha ij tba ndqudm jdnnam kilportla`t3 tba jno`eam ki``aktdi` sbonn ha okkirmd`e ti Jdeura ti Jdeura ?; o` o`m m ]ohna =. =.
•
Hittil kup wdtb euorm ]ba hraotbar sbonn ha masde`am si tbot tba mabymrotd`e oea`t ds `it axpisam ti tba otlispbara wba` tbara ds `i odr jniw. ]barajira, tba niwar a`m ij tba ki`tod`ar sbonn ha privdmam wdtb o hittil kup jdttam wdtb adtbar o bymroundk ir o lakbo`dkon mavdka wbdkb onniws tba odr ti poss d` hitb mdraktdi`s (d`nat o`m iutnat) wba` tbara ds o prassura mdjjara`tdon hatwaa` tba d`sdma o`m iutsdma ij tba kilportla`t. D` kosa ij odr suktdi`, tba odr sbonn a`tar tba hraotbar possd`e i`ny tbriueb tba euorm7 ‛
Bym roun ro undk dk euor eu orm m ]ba hittil kup sbonn ha jdnnam wdtb tba sola ndqudm os tba tro`sjirlar, tba jdnnd`e navan sbonn ha lorcam o`m tba ndqudm navan knaorny vdsdhna. ]ba bymroundk euorm sbonn ha masde`am ti ovidm tba ndqudm d`sdma tba hittil kup had`e sdpbi`am d`sdma tba ki`tod`ar ir axpannam jril tba euorm wdtb tba ld`dlul masde` odr jniw okkirmd`e ti ]ohna ti ]ohna =. =.
‛
Lak bo`dk bo `dk on euor eu orm m Dt ki`sdsts ij o hdmdraktdi`on vonva3 tba odr ds jraa ti poss d` hitb mdraktdi`s (d`nat o`m iutnat) tbriueb tbot vonva, wbdkb a`ohnas odr jniw wba` tba kilportla`t ds hraotbd`e. ]ba vonva sbonn pritakt tba mabymrotd`e oea`t wba` tbara ds `i odr jniw.
:.:.;.=
@olapnota
]ba `olapnota sbonn ki`tod` tba jinniwd`e d`jirlotdi`7 •
`ola ir niei ij tba suppndar3
•
kiu`try o`m lo`ujokturd`e nikotdi`3
•
`ulhar ij tbds mikula`t3
•
mavdka lo`ujokturar's dma`tdjdkotdi` o`m/ir lo`ujokturar's sardon `ulha `ulharr ti onniw o kilpnata dma`tdjdkotdi` ij tba mavdka.
:.:.;.1
Ki``aktd`e jno`eas
Jdeura ?; ‛ Hraotbar ki``aktd`e jno`eas
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
:.:.;.:
‛ 8? ‛
Ivaronn mdla`sdi`s
[a [aa a ]ohna = jir mdla`sdi`s ij Jdeura Jdeura ?=. ?=.
Jdeura ?= ‛ Ivaronn mdla`sdi`s ]ohna = ‛ ]ypdkon sdza knossas ij hraotbars Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
[dza o
Jno`ea mdla`sdi`s
Oea`t quo`tdtyh
Ivaronn mdla`sdi`s
ce
ll
knoss
ll
;
Jno`ea ;B wdtb ; binas
Mlox
B lox
O
? ti 8
816
166
H
8 ti 1
816
266
m ?lox
;1 K
1 ti ?1
M o h
0 ?1
816 ;16
m 8
?16
m ;
?86
m =
Jno`ea =B wdtb = binas m ?lox
m 8
m ;
m =
;1
??1
21
?8
6,65
=:
?;6
?66
?=
6,65
:6
?=6
??6
?=
?=
? =66 ? 566
ml /s /s D`nat/iutnat
6,?1 6,?1
Aokb knoss d`knumas onn onn tba hraotbars hraotbars wdtb oea`t quo`tdty wdtbd` wdtbd` tba ro`ea ro`ea stotam d` tba kirraspi` kirraspi`md`e md`e kinul`. kinul`. _uo`tdty ij mabymrotd`e oea`t d`sdma tba hraotbar.
:.:.;.5 :.:.;.5.? :.:.;.5.?.?
]asts Ndst ij tasts Xiutd`a tasts
@i riutd`a tast raqudram.
Ld`dlul masde` odr jniw
‛ 88 ‛
:.:.;.5.?.8
]ypa tasts
•
Jniw rota tast jir bymroundk euorm (:.:.;.5.8.?) (:.:.;.5.8.?)33
•
Vrassura tast jir lakbo`dkon euorm (:.:.;.5.8.8) (:.:.;.5.8.8)..
:.:.;.5.8
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ypa tast
:.:.;.5.8.?
Jniw rota tast jir bymroundk euorm
Xodsa tba odr jniw jril zari ti tba ld`dlul masde` odr jniw vonua edva` d` ]ohna d` ]ohna = wdtbd` ; ld`, lod`tod` tba tast vonua jir 1 ld`, ramuka tba odr jniw jril tast vonua ti zari wdtbd` ; ld`. Hitb d`bond`e o`m axbond`e. @i ndqudm sbonn ha sdpbi`am d`sdma tba ki`tod`ar ir axpannam jril tba euorm. ]ba tast sbonn ha parjirlam ot olhda`t talparotura wdtb o` idn okkirmd`e ti DAK :684: o`m o niwast kinm stort a`aredzd`e talparotura (NK[A]) ij ∘ ;6 ¶K.
:.:.;.5.8.8
Vrassura tast jir lakbo`dkon euorm
]ba lakbo`dkon euorm ossalhny sbonn ha prassura tastam d` hitb mdraktdi`s usd`e sudtohna vdsdhna lao`s ti matakt tba ipa`d`e ij tba lakbo`dkon euorm. [niwny rodsa tba odr prassura jril zari u`tdn tba lakbo`dkon euorm iparotdi` ds mataktam.
:.:.= :.:.=.?
Ommdtdi`on ospakts jir sanj-raea`arotd`e typas Ju`ktdi`on raqudrala`t
Jir tba spakdjdam ndjatdla ij tba mabymrotd`e oea`t, tba sanj-raea`arotd`e hraotbar sbonn privdma tba kilportla`t wdtb mrdam odr. Ot onn tdlas mur d`e tba iparotdi`, tba sanj-raea`arotd`e hraotb ar sbonn onniw tba kilportla`t ti d`bona o`m axbona odr os raqudram. Ot nao st i`a i` a swdtk sw dtk b ti sd sde` e`on on syst sy stal al jodn jo dnur ura a sbon sb on n h a pr privd ivd mam. ma m.
:.:.=.8
Xaea`arotdi` prikass
Kurra`tny tba raea`arotdi` prikass ds trdeearam hy twi mdjjara`t prd`kdpnas7 ki`mdtdi` ir tdla hosam. •
]dla hosam raea`arotdi` prikass ]ba mavdka outilotdkonny trdeears tba raea`arotdi` prikass ij tba mabymrotd`e oea`t ot o sattohna tdla d`tarvon ir hy d`tanndea`t ki`tri n ij tba mavdka wbdkb sats tba tdla d`tarvon hosam i` tba oppndam takb`iniey. Hitb tdla d`tarvons ora sat hos am i` tba sdza ij tba hraotbar, tba olhda`t o`m prikass. iparotd`e ki`mdtdi`s ij tba kilportla`t os wann os tba ajjdkda`ky ij tba raea`arotdi`
•
Ki`mdtdi` hosam raea`arotdi` prikass ]ba mavdka outilotdkonny trdeears tba raea`arotdi` prikass i`ka tba mabymrotd`e oea`t raokbas o kartod` navan ij soturotdi` ir tba ranotdva buldmdty ij tba mrdam odr eias ivar o kartod` tbrasbinm. ]ba d`tarvon hatwaa` aokb raea`arotdi` prikass ds mdktotam hy tba iparotd`e ki`mdtdi`s.
:.:.=.;
[anaktdi` krdtardo
]ba kbidka ij o hraotbar mapa`ms i` tba ndqudm vinula ij tba kilportla`t, tba axpo`sdi` kiajjdkda`t ij tba ndqudm, tba kndlota ki`mdtdi`s (ranotdva buldmdty o`m talparotura vordotdi`) ij tba sdta wbara tba tro`sjirlar wdnn ha d`stonnam o`m tba iparotd`e ki`mdtdi`s (jraqua`ky o`m spaam ij niom vordotdi`). ]ba kbidka ij o hraotbar sbonn onsi mapa`m i` tba raqudram alarea`ky ru``d`e pripartdas, wbdkb lao`s ma-a`aredzam mabuldmdjdkotdi` kopohdndty. ]ba ma-a`aredzam rasdnda`ka pardim sbonn ha sanaktam hosam i` tba iparotir's raqudrala`ts.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
:.:.=.=
‛ 8; ‛
Hraotbar kilpi`a`ts
]ba hraotbar `irlonny ki`sdsts ij tba jinniwd`e kilpi`a`ts7 •
mabymrotd`e oea`t ki`tod`ar3
•
uppar jno`eam ki``aktdi`3 ]i a`sura d`tarkbo`eaohdndty, tba masde` ij tba uppar jno`ea ki``aktdi` sbiunm rajnakt tba jno`ea mdla`sdi`s matodnam d` ]ohna d` ]ohna =3 =3
•
ki`trin systal ti lo`oea tba iparotdi`3
•
piwar suppny, onorls o`m killu`dkotdi` tarld`on hix.
:.:.=.1
@olapnota
]ba `olapnota sbonn ki`tod` tba jinniwd`e d`jirlotdi`7 •
`ola ir niei ij tba suppndar3
•
kiu`try o`m lo`ujokturd`e nikotdi`3
•
`ulhar ij tbds mikula`t3
•
mavdka lo`ujokturar's dma`tdjdkotdi`3
•
lo`ujokturar's sardon `ulhar3
•
yaor ij lo`ujoktura3
•
piwar suppny vintoea ro`ea o`m a`arey ki`sulptdi`3
•
sadsldk wdtbsto`m knoss dj oppndkohna.
:.:.=.:
Zdhrotdi` wdtbsto`m
]ba hraotbar sbonn wdtbsto`m wdtbiut niss ij dts ju`ktdi`ondty7 •
o `i`-stotdi`ory vdhrotdi` kousd`e o vartdkon sbikc ij ?66 l/s 8 , wdtb typa ? s paktrul okkirmd`e ti DAK :658?-;-=3
•
o stotdi`ory sd`usidmon vdhrotdi` knoss =L= okkirmd`e ti DAK :658?-;-=. Hy oeraala`t hatwaa` purkbosar o`m suppndar, knoss =L: loy onsi ha spakdjdam.
:.:.=.5
[adsldk raqudrala`ts
Uba` tba okkassiry ir jdttd`e ds spakdjdam wdtb o sadsldk raqudrala`t wdtbiut spakdjdam okkanarotdi` vonuas, tba parjirlo`ka navan sbonn ha kbisa` d` okkirmo`ka wdtb DAK :66:2-;-; os jinniws7 •
knossdjdkotdi`7 krdtardi` 6 (saa DAK :66:2-;-;786?4, =.=)3
•
parjirlo`ka navan DD (saa DAK :66:2-;-;7?44?, 5.?3 o stortd`e jraqua`ky ij 8 Bz ds okkaptohna).
:.:.=.2
Maeraa ij pritaktdi`
Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, tba maeraa ij pritaktdi` ij tba tarld`on o`m ki`trin hix jir iutmiir d`stonnotdi` sbonn ha ot naost DV 1= okkirmd`e ti DAK :6184.
:.:.=.4
]arld`on hix
O t ar arld` ld` on hix hi x s bonn bo nn ha priv pr ivdma dma m t i k i``a i` `akt kt tba tb a p iwa r s uppny up pny , t ba swdt sw dtkb kbas as o` o`m m k il illu lu`d `dko kotd td i` tarld`ons ij tba mavdka3 dt sbonn onsi d`knuma i`a pritaktdva ki`muktir ir aortb tarld`on. ]ba `ulhar o`m lorcd`e ij tba tarld`on hnikc sbonn kilpny wdtb dts ki``aktdi` mdoerol. ]arld`on hnikcs jir piwar suppny o`m swdtkbas sbonn ha masde`am ti okkapt kohnas bovd`e o kriss saktdi`on orao ij hatwaa` ?,1 ll 8 ti = ll 8.
‛ 8= ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O ld` dl dlul ul ij tw twi i tbra tb raom omam am binas bi nas jir ji r kohn ko hna a eno `ms `m s L86 Õ ?,1 ?, 1 ir L8 L81 1 Õ ?, ?,1 1 sb sbon onnn ha pr priv iv dma m. Itbar tbraom mdla`sdi`s ir `ulhar ij kohna a`trdas ora suhgakt ti oeraala`t hatwaa` suppndar o`m purkbosar. Kohna eno`ms ora suppndam i` malo`m.
:.:.=.?6
Kboroktardstdks ij swdtkbas
:.:.=.?6.?
[wdtkb typa
[wdtkbas privdmam. sbonn ha pita`tdon jraa. Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, kbo`eaivar swdtkbas sbonn ha
:.:.=.?6.8
Onorl swdtkb parjirlo`ka
[wdtkbas sbonn bova o ld`dlul rotam kurra`t ij 8 O XL[ o`m sbirt tdla kurra`t ?6 O XL[ jir ;6 ls o`m kilpny wdtb tba vonuas ij locd`e o`m hraocd`e kopokdty sbiw` d` ]ohna d` ]ohna 1. 1.
]ohna 1 ‛ Locd`e o`m hraocd`e kopokdty ‛ [anj raea`arotd`e hraotbar Kbo`eaivar Kbo`eaiv ar swdtkbas Zintoea Locd`e kopokdty
Hraocd`e kopokdty
8= Z MK ti 886 Z MK
?;6 U
N/X > =6 ls
81 U
N/X > =6 ls
8;6 Z OK
816 ZO
kis ϑ 0 6,1
:6 ZO
kis ϑ 0 6,1
Itbar vonuas loy ha oeraam hatwaa` purkbosar o`m suppndar. ]ba ld`dlul swdtkb ndja sbonn ha ? 666 iparotdi`s.
:.:.=.?6.;
Itbar swdtkbas parjirlo`ka
]ba parjirlo`ka ij itbar swdtkbas bos ti ha oeraam hatwaa` purkbosar o`m suppndar.
:.:.=.?6.=
Mdanaktrdk stra`etb (d` okkirmo`ka wdtb DAK :6811-85)
]ba ld`dlul mdanaktrdk wdtbsto`m stra`etb ds edva` d` ]ohna d` ]ohna : o` o`m m ]ohna 5. 5.
]ohna : ‛ Mdanaktrdk stra`etb ij swdtkbas ‛ Viwar jraqua`ky [birt murotdi` piwar jraqua`ky wdtbsto`m vintoea ? ld` cZ (XL[) (XL[) Hatwaa` kdrkudts o`m aortb
8
Hatwaa` ki`tokts d` ipa` pisdtdi`
?
]ohna 5 ‛ Mdanaktrdk stra`etb ij swdtkbas ‛ Dlpunsa Ndebt`d`e dlpunsa wdtbsto`m vintoea cZ (paoc) (paoc)
Hatwaa` kdrkudts o`m aortb
=
Hatwaa` ki`tokts d` ipa` pisdtdi`
;
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
:.:.1 :.:.1.? :.:.1.?.?
]asts Ndst ij tasts Xiutd`a tasts
•
D`sunotdi` tast3
•
Ju`ktdi`on tast.
:.:.1.?.8
]ypa tasts
•
Varjirlo`ka tast3
•
A`muro`ka tast.
:.:.1.8 :.:.1.8.?
‛ 81 ‛
Xiutd`a tasts D`sunotdi` tast
]ba lo`ujokturar sbonn parjirl o sbirt murotdi` (:6 s) piwar jraqua`ky wdtbsto`m vintoea tast hatwaa` onn kdrkudts tieatbar o`m aortb. ]ast vintoea ds edva` d` ]ohna d` ]ohna :. :.
:.:.1.8.8
Ju`ktdi`on tast
]ba lo`ujokturar sbonn privdma avdma`ka tbot tba mavdka ds junny iparotdi`on.
:.:.1.; :.:.1.;.?
]ypa tast Varjirlo`ka tast
]ba purpisa ij tba tast ds ti vardjy tba parjirlo`ka ij tba mavdka. ]ba tast sbonn ha parjirlam wdtb aqudpla`t kopohna ij jirkd`e o spakdjdk odr jniw ot o edva` ranotdva buldmdty d`ti tba mavdka o`m laosurd`e tba ranotdva buldmdty ot iutnat ij tba mavdka. Udtb d`nat odr ranotdva buldmdty ij 16 % ot 86 ¶K o`m odr jniw ij 6,8 ml ; /s ot 86 ¶K, tba loxdlul ranotdva buldmdty ot tba iutnat hajira tba raea`arotdi` storts sbonn ha nass tbo` 86 %.
:.:.1.;.8
A`muro`ka tast
]ba purpisa ij tba tast ds ti vardjy tba ohdndty ij tba kilpnata mavdka ti wdtbsto`m o ld`dlul ?66 raea`arotdi` kyknas. ]ba tast sbonn ha parjirlam wdtb aqudpla`t kopohna ij jirkd`e o spakdjdk odr jniw ot o edva` ranotdva buldmdty d`ti tba mavdka. ]ba ranotdva buldmdty ot tba d`nat o`m tba odr jniw vonua ora spakdjdam hy tba lo`ujokturar. Jir mavdkas utdndsd`e o ki`mdtdi` hosam raea`arotdi` prikass, tba prikass sbonn ha trdeearam hy tba mavdka. Jir mavdkas utdndsd`e o tdla hosam raea`arotdi` prikass, tba tdla pardim sbonn ha sat d` sukb o woy tbot tba mabymrotd`e oea`t ds soturotam hajira tba raea`arotdi` storts. Ojta Oj tarr kilp ki lpna natd` td` e tba tb a spak sp akdj djdam dam `ulh `u lhar ar ij ky kykn kn as as,, tb tba a pa parj rjir irlo lo`k `ka a tast ta st sbo nn ha ra rapa paot otam am sukkassjunny.
]asts parjirlam i` i`a typa ko` ha ki`sdmaram vondm jir itbar typas ij tba sola masde`.
‛ 8: ‛
:.5
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Huttarjny vonvas
:.5.?
Ea`aron
[uhknousa :.5 majd`as tba ea`aron ivaronn mdla`sdi`s o`m sila ju`ktdi`on o`m lo`ujokturd`e [uhknousa :.5 kboroktardstdks ij tba huttarjny vonvas usam i` tba pdpand`as d` wbdkb tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm ij piwar tro`sjirlars ir raoktirs jniws, d` irmar ti onniw tba dsinotdi` ij tba kilpi`a`ts wdtbiut ralivd`e tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm jril tba ki`sarvotir o`m tba to`c d` junn ir d` norea oliu`t. ]ba jno`ea ij huttarjny vonvas sbonn ha privdmam wdtb eriivas jir I-rd`e eoscats i` hitb sdmas. ]bds masde` ds sudtohna jir usa wdtb ki``aktd`e jno`eas tbot bova o lokbd`am surjoka3 onsi tba pod`t jd`dsb sbonn ha wdtbiut pritrusdi`s tbot loy d`tarjara wdtb tba ki``aktdi` orro`eala`t. Qpi` spakdon oeraala`t hatwaa` suppndar o`m purkbosar, vonvas wdtb jnot joka jno`eas ko` ha privdmam.
:.5.8 :.5.8.?
Xaqudrala`ts o`m kboroktardstdks Maskrdptdi`
]ba lod` kilpi`a`ts ij o huttarjny vonva ora7 •
tba "jno`eam himy", wbdkb onniws jir liu`td`e i` tba pdpa okkirmd`e ti i`a ij tba ossalhny noyiuts ndstam d` :.5.=.8. d` :.5.=.8. ]ba ]ba jraa possoea d` tba himy edvas tba `ild`on mdla`sdi` ij tba vonva, sbiunm ha prajarohny ro`etba a sbiw` d` ]ohna d` ]ohna M.?, M.8, ]ohna M.;, M.;, ]ohna wbdkb M.= o`m ]ohna M.1 ij O``ax O` wdtbd` `ax M. M. tba Udtb axkaptdi`s ij M.?, ]ohna tba ]ohna vonvasM.8, ]ohna wdtb `ild`on mdolatar 26 ll, wbdkb ko` bova = ir 2 binas, tba jno`eam himy bos V@?6 jdxd`e mdla`sdi`s d` okkirmo`ka wdtb D[I 5661-?3
•
tba "huttarjny" wbdkb ipa`s ir sbuts tba ipa`d`e ij tba himy3
•
tba "mrdva ossalhny", wbdkb onniws tba ipa`d`e ir sbuttd`e ij tba huttarjny o`m dts nikcd`e d` tba ipa` ir knisam pisdtdi`.
:.5.8.8
Iparotd`e kboroktardstdks
]ba huttarjny vonvas ora d`ta`mam ti ha liu`tam i` tba pdpand`as d` o`y pisdtdi` o`m wdtb o`y irda`totdi`. ]bay sbonn ha kopohna ij lakbo`dkonny wdtbsto`md`e o` ivarprassura ij 866 cVo adtbar i` tba jno`eam himy ir i` tba huttarjny d` knisam pisdtdi`, d` hitb mdraktdi`s, wdtbiut dlpodrd`e tba iparotdi` ij tba huttarjny. ]ba saond`e ij tba huttarjny sbiunm `it ha suhgakt ti oead`e3 tbarajira, o laton-ti-laton masde` ds prajarohna hakousa tba naocoea rota mias `it kbo`ea ivar tba ndjatdla ij tba vonva. ]ba iparotdi` ij ipa`d`e ir sbuttd`e tba huttarjny sbonn ha mi`a usd`e spo``ars i`ny. Onn On n tba tb a kb oro ktar kt ardst dst dks or ora a rano ra nota tam m ti vonva vo nva s bov d`e d` e tba tb a hu hutt ttar arjny jny d` junny ju nny ipa` ip a` ir junny ju nny kn isam is am pisdtdi`.
:.5.; :.5.;.?
Zonva kilpi`a`ts Lotardons
Onn On n k il ilpi pi`a `a`ts `ts sbon sb onnn ha ij o lo lota tard rdon on rasd ra sd nda `t ti lak bo` dkon dk on sbik sb ikc. c.
:.5.;.8
Jno`eam himy
]ba jno`eam himy sbonn ha latonndk, jraa jril pirisdty ir majindotdi` tbot loy kousa naocoea. Dt ds prajarohna ti usa jiream staan him das ir himdas kut jril sbaat staan ir st aan hors3 kost himdas sbonn ha d`mdvdmuonny tastam jir tdebt`ass.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 85 ‛
]ba jokas ij tba jno`eam himy d` ki`tokt wdtb tba jno`eas ij tba pdpand`a ir ij tb a kilpi`a`t ti ha ki``aktam, bova o saot jir o` I-rd`e eoscat. Xakilla`mam mdla`sdi`s ij eoscats o`m eoscat saots ora sbiw` d` O``ax d` O``ax A. A.
:.5.;.;
Huttarjny
]ba huttarjny sbonn ha latonndk, jraa jril pirisdty o`m majindotdi` ti ovidm latonndk portdkna ki`told`otdi`.
:.5.;.=
Mrdva ossalhny
]ba mrdva ossalhny d`knumas onn ports tbot mrdva ir suppirt tba huttarjny, ossura tba tdebt`ass, d`knumd`e tba kop dj prasa`t, o`m d`mdkota tba pisdtdi` ij tba vonva. ]ba mrdva ossalhny sbonn7 •
ha kilpnatany ki`tod`am wdtbd` tba tbdkc`ass ij tba jno`eam himy up ti tba ndldt ij tba jno`ea mdolatar3
•
ossura tba lakbo`dkon rasdsto`ka `akassory ti wdtbsto`m tba tast prassura i` tba knisam huttarjny3 jir M@ ≡ ?81 ll tba huttarjny sbonn onsi ha eudmam i` tba niwar port3
•
d`mdkota tba huttarjny pisdtdi` wdtb sto`morm sylhins ir d` wrdtd`e3
•
ipa` tba huttarjny o`tdknikcwdsa, sbut tba huttarjny knikcwdsa3
•
bova junn idn tdebt`ass tiworms tba iutsdma ij tba pdpand`a3 tba eoscats ij tba mrdva ossalhny, dj o`y, sbonn ha aosdny rapnokam d` kosa ij eoscat jodnura ir waor3
•
ha kopohna ij wdtbsto`md`e tba surjoka praporotdi` prikass ij ij tba tro`sjirlar to`c, d`knumd`e so`mhnostd`e o`m pod`td`e3 tbds ds portdkunorny dlpirto`t jir tba wanm i` romdotir typa vonvas. ]ba usa ij o talpirory pritaktdi` mavdka ds onniwam murd`e tbds prikass3
•
ha kopohna ij had`e sakuram d` tba ipa` ir knisam pisdtdi` wdtb wdtb tba usa ij o pomnikc pomnikc ir o saon.
:.5.;.1
[kraws
On n t ba skra sk raws ws axpis ax pis am ti tba tb a ot otli lisp spba bara ra sbon sb onnn ha ij stod st od`n `nass ass staa st aann ir hr hros oss. s.
:.5.= :.5.=.?
Ossalhny orro`eala`ts o`m mdla`sdi`s Lo`motiry orro`eala`t o`m mdla`sdi`s
O` `ax O``a x M sbiws tba ossalhny noyiuts o`m tba liu`td`e mdla`sdi`s. O``a O` `ax x A sbiws tba jaoturas jir tba eoscat saots o`m eoscats.
:.5.=.8
]ypas ij ossalhny
]ba huttarjny vonva typas mdjjar d` tba woy tbay ora ossalhnam i` tba pdpand`a okkirmd`e ti tba jinniwd`e noyiuts7 •
Ossalhny hy wanmd`e7 ossalhny noyiut okkirmd`e ti Jdeura ti Jdeura M.?3 tba M.?3 tba vonvas ora wdtb u`tbraomam binas3 i` raquast, vonvas wdtb L?: tbraomam binas ko` ha suppndam.
•
Ossalhny hatwaa` twi twi jno`eas ir to`c wonn o`m jno`ea ‛ rakassam himy7 ossalhny noyiut okkirmd`e ti ti Jdeura M.; o`m o` m Jdeura M.=3 M.=3 tba vonvas ora wdtb u`tbraomam binas.
•
Ossalhny hatwaa` twi jno`eas ‛ junn tbdkc`ass himy7 ossalhny noyiut okkirmd`e ti Jdeura ti Jdeura M.53 tba M.53 tba vonvas ora wdtb tbraomam binas.
‛ 82 ‛
:.5.=.;
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Xo`ea ij `ild`on mdolatars (M@)
Huttarjny vonva mdla`sdi`s ora orro`eam hy `ild`on mdolatar (M@). [to`mormdzam `ild`on mdolatars ora 81 ll, 16 ll, 26 ll, ?66 ll, ?81 ll, ?16 ll, ?51 ll, 866 ll, 816 ll o`m ;66 ll. Jdeura M.8, M.8, Jdeura M.1, M.1, Jdeura M.:, M.:, Jdeura M.2 o`m Jdeura M.4 sbiw tba prajarram liu`td`e mdla`sdi`s.
:.5.=.=
Mdla`sdi`s o`m typas ij eoscats, mdla`sdi`s ij eoscat saots
:.5.=.=.?
Ea`aron
Eoscats bova ti ha ki`sdmaram ti ha ports suhgaktam ti oead`e3 tbarajira tbadr rapnokala`t sbonn ha loma os aosy os pissdhna. ]ba eoscat lotardon ds jurtbarlira tba lod` anala`t raspi`sdhna jir a`surd`e kilpndo`ka wdtb tba omldttam iparotd`e ki`mdtdi`s.
:.5.=.=.8
Eoscats o`m eoscat lotardon
Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, huttarjny vonvas wdtb jno`ea eoscat eriivas sbonn ha suppndam wdtb i`a sat ij `dtrdna ruhhar (@HX) sto`morm I-Xd`e liu`td`e eoscats3 jnot jokam huttarjny vonvas ora suppndam wdtbiut liu`td`e eoscats. Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, d`tar`on eoscats ora ij `dtrdna ruhhar (@HX). Itbar eoscat lotardons jir iparotd`e ki`mdtdi`s iutsdma tba omldttam ro`ea jir `dtrdna ruhhar loy ha suppndam upi` oeraala`t hatwaa` suppndar o`m purkbosar. ]i ovidm ki`jusdi`, eoscats sbonn ha kiniur kimam okkirmd`e ti tba lotardon.
:.5.=.=.;
Masde` krdtardo jir eoscat saots ‛ Kbidka ij jno`ea eoscats
]ba jinniwd`e krdtardo sbonn ha oppndam wba` kbiisd`e tba I-Xd`e eoscats o`m masde`d`e tba eoscat saots7 •
tba I-Xd`e eoscats sbonn ha okkirmd`e ti D[I ;:6?-?3
•
tba saot sbonn ha masde`am masde`am jir bymroundk oxdon oxdon saond`e oppndkotdi` wdtb wdtb d`tar`on prassura3
•
tba saots sbonn onniw tba usa ij sto`morm sndp-i` jno`eas okkirmd`e ti D[I 5661-? V@ sardas i` tba pdpand`a3 tbds loy `it ha pissdhna jir vonvas ]ypa H? o`m H83
•
iwd`e ti niw iparotd`e prassura o`m niwar jnot`ass ij tba jno`eas usuonny usam d` tro`sjirlar tro`sjirlar lo`ujokturd`e, tba jinniwd`e krdtardo bova priva` tbadr vondmdty d` tba jdanm7 ‛
romd ro mdon on ki lp lpras ras sd i` ij eosc eo scat at ti ha (; ; ¿ 8) % ij tba tb a tira ti ra mdo lata la tar3 r3
‛
eos cat ca t s aot ao t kr kriss iss sak tdi` td i` o`m o` m e osc at saot sa ot vinu vi nula la ti ha ha hatw twaa aa` ` ? 8 % o`m o` m ?5 % bde ba barr tbo` tba eoscat kriss saktdi` o`m vinula.
O` `ax O``a x A matodns tba sto`morm eoscat saot mdla`sdi`s o`m I-Xd`e rajara`kas3 itbar eoscat rajara`kas o`m eoscat saot mdla`sdi`s ko` ha oeraam hatwaa` lo`ujokturar o`m purkbosar.
:.5.1 :.5.1.?
Varjirlo`kas ]debt`ass ij tba liu`tam vonva
]ba vonvas liu`tam i` tba pdpand`a, d` `irlon iparotd`e ki`mdtdi`, u`mar prassura, adtbar d` ipa` ir d` knisam pisdtdi`, sbonn `it sbiw o`y naocoea iutsdma tba pdpand`a. Murd`e tba iparotdi` ij knisd`e ir ipa`d`e ij tba vonva, slonn naocoeas ora okkaptam ot tba sbojt.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 84 ‛
]ba vonva d` ipa` ki`mdtdi` sbonn ha kopohna ij wdtbsto`md`e tba ea`aron vokuul tast oppndam ti tro`sjirlars wdtb romdotirs.
:.5.1.8
]debt`ass ij tba huttarjny hnoma (laton-ti-laton typa)
Naocoea ds omldttam ot tba knisam huttarjny3 ]ohna huttarjny3 ]ohna 2 sbiws tba omldttam naocoea okkirmd`e ti tba `ild`on mdolatar. ]ba vonuas ij ]ohna ]ohna 2 oppny wdtb idn ot 86 ¶K, ?66 cVo o`m vdskisdty ij 8 ;6,1 ll /s.
]ohna 2 ‛ Loxdlul omldssdhna naocoea vonua @ild`on mdolatar ij vonva ll Oml dtt am na naoco oco ea d` ml ; /b laosuram d` ? b
:.5.1.;
≭ ?66
≭ 6,1
0 ?66 ti
≭ ?51
≭ ?,6
0 ?51 ≭ 8,6
Iparotd`e tirqua
]ba jinniwd`e tirqua vonuas sbonn ha privdmam hy tba lo`ujokturar o `m d`knumam d` tba iparotdi` lo`uon ir takb`dkon motosbaat7 •
knisd`e tirqua ‛ tirqua `akassory ti kilpnatany knisa tba vonva, stortd`e jril tba ipa` pisdtdi`3
•
ipa`d`e tirqua ‛ loxdlul d`dtdon tirqua `akassory ti ipa` tba vonva ojtar kilpnata knisura.
:.5.: :.5.:.? :.5.:.?.? •
]asts Ndst ij tasts Xiutd`a tasts
]debt`ass ij tba huttarjny hnoma o`m iparotd`e tirquas.
:.5.:.?.8
]ypa tasts
]ba jinniwd`e ndst ij tasts ds `it d` o`y spakdjdk irmar. •
]debt`ass ij tba liu`tam vonva3
•
Loxdlul wircd`e ivarprassura ivarprassura wdtb tba huttarjny huttarjny vonva d` ipa` o`m knisam pisdtdi`.
:.5.:.8 ]debt`ass ij tba huttarjny hnoma o`m iparotd`e tirquas ]bds tast sbonn ha korrdam iut hy solp nd`e i` aokb lo`ujokturd`e nit3 tba `ulhar ij solpnas ti ha makdmam o`m maknoram hy tba lo`ujokturar. ]ba vonva sbonn ha knisam jril tba ipa` pisdtdi` hy o my`olilatrdk spo``ar usd`e tba vonuas d`mdkotam hy tba lo`ujokturar d` dts moto sbaat. ]ba vonva sbonn tba` ha tastam wdtb idn ot 86 ¶K, ?66 cVo o`m vdskisdty ij ;6,1 k[t. ]ba naocoea ot tba huttarjny ivar o pardim ij ? b sbonn ha nass tbo` tba loxdlul omldssdhna vonuas d`mdkotam d` ]ohna d` ]ohna 2. 2. Ojta Oj tarr ttba ba td ebt` eb t`ass ass tas t, tba tb a von v onva va sbon sb on n ha ipa` ip a`am am o`m o` m tba t ba loxd lo xdlu lul l d` dtdo dt donn tir t irqu qua a s bonn bo nn ha n iw iwar ar tbo` tba vonua d`mdkotam d` tba moto sbaat ij tba lo`ujokturar.
:.5.:.; :.5.:.;.?
]ypa tast ]debt`ass ij tba liu`tam vonva
]bds tast sbonn ha mi`a wdtb odr ot o prassura ij 866 cVo i` tba vonva liu`tam i` o pdpa jno`eam i` i`a sdma, wdtb o hnd`m jno`ea i` tba itbar sdma3 `i odr naocs sbonn ha ihsarvam wdtb tba junn ossalhny dllarsam u`mar wotar.
‛ ;6 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ba tdebt`ass ij tba liu`tam vonva u`mar prassura ir vokuul bos ti ha euoro`taam hy vonva masde` o`m hy tba lotardons o`m lokbd`d`e kboroktardstdks usam d` tba ki`struktdi`.
:.5.:.;.8
Loxdlul wircd`e ivarprassura wdtb tba huttarjny vonva d` ipa` o`m knisam pisdtdi`
]ba vonva sbonn ha liu`tam i` o pdpand`a d` wbdkb dt ds pissdhna ti kraota o` idn prassura ij 866 cVo i` hitb sdmas ij tba huttarjny. Ojta Oj tarr 1 ipa` ip a`‛k ‛knis nis a ipa rotdi ro tdi `s wdt biut bi ut o`y lo lonj nju` u`kt ktdi di` ` d` ad adtb tbar ar ki`m ki `mdt dtdi di`7 `7 •
prassura i` hitb sdmas,
•
prassura i` aokb sdma3
tba vonva sbonn poss tba tasts ij :.5.:.;.? :.5.:.;.? o`m o` m :.5.:.8. :.5.:.8. ]ba vonva sbonn tba` ha mdsliu`tam jril tba pdpand`a o`m vdsuonny d`spaktam ti vardjy tba d`taerdty ij tba kilpi`a`ts3 `i sde` ij majirlotdi` sbonn ha avdma`t.
:.5.5
[uppny ki`mdtdi`s
]ba vonva sbonn ha suppndam knao` ij o`y lakbo`dkon skrop ir portdkna o`m sndebtny idnam wdtb tro`sjirlar ld`aron idn ti prava`t kirrisdi` murd`e sbdpla`t o`m stiroea.
:.2 :.2.?
Gu`ktdi` tarld`on hixas Ea`aron
[uhknousa :.2 majd`as tba ju`ktdi`on o`m lo`ujokturd`e kboroktardstdks ij tba tarld`on hixas [uhknousa :.2 os wann os tba ea`aron ivaronn mdla`sdi`s.
:.2.8
Maeraa ij pritaktdi`
Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam, wbara oppndkohna, tba maeraa ij pritaktdi` ij tba mavdka jir iutmiir d`stonnotdi` sbonn ha ot naost DV 1= okkirmd`e ti DAK :6184. ]ba maeraa ij pritaktdi` oeod`st axtar`on lakbo`dkon dlpokt sbonn ha DC 65 wdtb o` omldssdhna vartdkon niom ij ?66 mo@.
:.2.;
Ju`ktdi` ij tba gu`ktdi` tarld`on hix
]ba laosurala`t, ki`trin, kbakc o`m moto rakirmd`e kdrkudts ij idn-d`sunotam anaktrdk tro`sjirlars raqudra niw vintoea o`m kurr a`t sde`ons OK o`m MK ti ha hriuebt iu tsdma tba to`c. ]ypdkonny, tba kurra`t tro`sjirlars raqudra tbds cd`m ij ki``aktdi`. D` ommdtdi`, tba aortbd`e ij lakbo`dkon ports d`sdma tba tro`sjirlar to`c raqudras idn-tdebt o`m d`sunotam anaktrdkon ki``aktdi`s jril tba d`sdma ti tba iutsdma ij tba to`c. ]ypdkonny, tba aortbd`e ij tba kira o`m jrola raqudra tbds cd`m ij ki``aktdi`.
:.2.=
Ea`aron ki`struktdi`
]ba gu`ktdi` tarld`on hix ki`sdsts ij o jno`eam kosd`e wdtb i`a ir lira tbraomam kohna a`trdas o`m knisam hy o kivar. ]ba tarld`ons ora liu`tam d`sdma tba kosd`e3 tbay ora idn-tdebt o`m d`sunotam jril tba kosd`e dtsanj. ]ba kosd`e ds liu`tam i` tba to`c d` o pisdtdi` sudtohna ti ki``akt tba kohnas tbot bova ti ha nam iutsdma tba to`c. I`a a`m ij tba tarl d`on ds ki``aktam d`sdma tba tro`sjirlar to`c wbdna tba itbar a`m ds ki``aktam hy d`sunotam ki`muktir d`sdma tba tarld`on hix ti tba iutsdma ij tba to`c tbriueb tbraomam kohna a`trdas.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ;? ‛
]ba gu`ktdi` tarld`on hix sbonn ha masde`am ti onniw tba liu`td`e d` o`y pisdtdi`. ]i ramuka tba rdsc ij lidstura d`erass, kohna a`trdas sbonn ha pisdtdi`am haniw tba tarld`on hix ir d` o birdzi`ton pisdtdi`. Dj tba gu`ktdi` tarld`on hix kosd`e ds latonndk, o` axtar`on aqudpita`tdon hi`md`e ki``aktdi` pid`t sbonn ha privdmam.
:.2.1
Ivaronn mdla`sdi`s
Jdeura J.? o`m ]ohna J.? d` O` O``a `ax x J privdma tba prajarram mdla`sdi`s ij tarld`on hixas jir vordius sdzas.
:.2.: •
]ba jno`eam kosd`e sbonn prajarohny bova o niwaram hittil ti prava`t odr pikcats o`m dt sbonn ha idn-tdebt3
•
]ba jno`ea sbonn bova o eoscat saot ti onniw o` idn-tdebt ossalhny i` tba to`c3
•
]ba kosd`e sbonn bova i`a ir lira kohna a`trdas o`m ha knisam hy o kivar3
•
O nohan i` tba iutsdma ij tba hix sbonn onniw dts dma`tdjdkotdi`. dma`tdjdkotdi`.
:.2.5
Vrajarram ju`ktdi`on o`m lo`ujokturd`e kboroktardstdks ij tba tarld`ons
•
]ba tarld`ons sbonn ha i`a-pdaka ki`muktirs, prajarohny ij hross ir kippar, wdtb privdsdi` i` hitb a`ms ti ki``akt tba kohnas3
•
]ba ld`dlul kriss saktdi` ij tba tarld`ons sbonn ha ot tba ki``aktd`e a`ms3
•
]arld`ons wdtb L:, L?6 o`m L?8 tbraom tbraom ora kurra`tny d` usa3
•
L: tarld`ons tarld`ons ora typdkonny usam jir kurra`t tro`sjirlar ki``aktdi`3 L?6 o`m L?8 tarld`ons ora typdkonny usam jir kira o`m jrola eriu`md`e3
•
]ba tarld`ons sbonn ha d`sunotam jjril ril aokb itbar o`m jril tba kosd`e3
•
]ba tarld`ons sbonn ha idn-tdebt3
•
]ba tarld`ons sbonn ha dma`tdjdam ot hitb a`ms hy `ulhars, nattars ir kilhd`otdi`s ij h hitb itb ti loca tba wdrd`e aosdny dma`tdjdohna3
•
O nohan d`sdma tba kivar ir o sudtohna dma`tdjdkotdi` dma`tdjdkotdi` sbonn ha privdmam ti onniw tba ju`ktdi` ij aokb tarld`on ti ha rakirmam3
•
]ba tarld`ons sbonn ha liu`tam d`sdma tba hix d` sukb o woy tbot tbay tbay ko``it jonn d`sdma tba to`c ava` dj tba tdebta`d`e `ut ds okkdma`tonny niisa`am3
•
]ba tarld`ons sbonn ha liu`tam d`sdma tba hix d` sukb o woy tbot tbay ko``it twdst wba` tba kohna a`m ds skrawam i` o`m ijj o`m si tbot `i okkdma`ton niisa`d`e murd`e tro`spirt, bo`mnd`e o`m liu`td`e ko` ikkur.
:.2.2
Vrajarram ju`ktdi`on o`m lo`ujokturd`e kboroktardstdks ij tba hix
Varjirlo`ka
•
]ba liu`td`e ij tba hix i` tba to`c sbonn laat D[I 5661-? V@?6 raqudrala`ts3
•
]ba masde` ij tba hix o`m tba tarld`ons tarld`ons sbonn ha sukb ti wdtbsto`m wdtbiut lakbo`dkon hraocmiw` o` d`tar`on prassura d` tba to`c ij =66 cVo ir junn vokuul3
•
]ba d`sunotdi` d`sunotdi` hatwaa` tarld`ons o`m hatwaa` tarld`ons o`m aortb sbonn ha ld`dlul 8,1 cZ OK :6 s3
•
Ki``aktdi` ti kurra`t tro`sjirlars wdtb o c`aa pid`t axkaamd`e 8 cZ, tba d`sunotdi` tast sbonn ha parjirlam ot = cZ OK :6 s3
•
Jir tarld`ons usam jir kira o`m jrola eriu`md`e, bdebar d`sunotdi` navans loy ha raqudram3
•
]ba tarld`on hix o`m tba tarld`ons sbonn ha kilpotdhna wdtb tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm3
•
]ba loxdlul parlo`a`t kurra`t onniwam i` tba tarld`on sbonn ha maknoram hy tba lo`ujokturar. ]ypdkon rotam kurra`t vonuas ora =6 O jir tba tarld`ons usam jir tba K]s o`m 816 O jir tba tarld`ons usam jir kira o`m jrola eriu`md`e.
‛ ;8 ‛
:.2.4 :.2.4.? :.2.4.?.?
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]asts Ndst ij tasts Xiutd`a tasts
]ba jinniwd`e ndst ij tasts ds `it d` o`y spakdjdk irmar. •
D`sunotdi` hatwaa` tarld`ons o`m aortb3
•
Ndqudm naocoea tast.
:.2.4.?.8
]ypa tasts
]ba jinniwd`e ndst ij tasts ds `it d` o`y spakdjdk irmar. •
D`sunotdi` tast hatwaa` tarld`ons3
•
Zokuul wdtbsto`m tast3
•
Vrassura wdtbsto`m tast3
•
Loxdlul omldttam talparotura tast ij tba tarld`ons.
:.2.4.8 :.2.4.8.?
Xiutd`a tasts D`sunotdi` tast hatwaa` tarld`ons o`m aortb
]ba lo`ujokturar sbonn parjirl o sbirt murotdi` (:6 s) piwar jraqua`ky wdtbsto`m vintoea tast hatwaa` onn tarld`ons tieatbar o`m aortb. ]ast vintoea sbonn ha 8,1 cZ.
:.2.4.8.8
Ndqudm naocoea tast
]ba lo`ujokturar sbonn parjirl o tast ti priva tba mavdka wdnn `it naoc d` iparotdi`. ]ba maskrdptdi` ij tba tast prikamura sbonn ha loma ovodnohna ti tba kustilar i` raquast. ]ba tast parjirlam hy tba lo`ujokturar sbonn ha ot naost os randohna os o tast parjirlam hy d`gaktd`e odr wdtb o` ivarprassura ij 8,1 Õ ?6 1 Vo d` tba mavdka dllarsam d` o wotar ki`tod`ar jir ot naost 1 ld` ot olhda`t talparotura ti ihsarva dj tbara ora askopd`e odr huhhnas ir o bandul naocoea tast wdtb o naocoea rota niwar tbo` = Õ ?6 -: Vo V o l ; /s.
:.2.4.; :.2.4.;.?
]ypa tasts D`sunotdi` tast hatwaa` tarld`ons
]ba lo`ujokturar sbonn parjirl o sbirt murotdi` (:6 s) piwar jraqua`ky wdtbsto`m vintoea tast hatwaa` o tarld`on o`m aokb omgoka`t tarld`on. ]ast vintoea sbonn ha 8,1 cZ.
:.2.4.;.8
Zokuul wdtbsto`m tast
]ba tast sbonn ha korrdam iut i` tba kilpnata tarld`on hix, liu`tam i` o to`c os d` sarvdka, jir 8= b ot 8,1 cVo ohsinuta prassura. Ot tba tb a a`m a` m ij tba tb a ta tast st,, tba tb a tar ld`o ld `onn hix hi x sbon sb onnn ha vd vdsu suon onny ny d` d`sp spak akta tam m ti a` a`su sura ra tbot tb ot `i mo molo loea ea bos ikkurram o`m tba riutd`a tasts sbonn ha rapaotam o`m sukkassjunny possam.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
:.2.4.;.;
‛ ;; ‛
Vrassura wdtbsto`m tast
]ba tast sbonn ha korrdam iut i` tba kilpnata tarld`on hix, liu`tam i` o to`c os d` sarvdka, wdtb idn ot =66 cVo jir 8 ld` ot o talparotura ij 56 ¶K. Ot tba tb a a`m a` m ij tba tb a ta tast st,, tba tb a tarl ta rld` d`on on hix hi x sbon sb onnn ha vd vdsu suon on ny d`s pak tam ta m ti a` a`su sura ra tbot tb ot `i mo molo loea ea bos ikkurram o`m tba riutd`a tasts sbonn ha rapaotam o`m sukkassjunny possam.
:.2.4.;.=
Loxdlul omldttam talparotura ij tba tarld`ons
]ba tast sbonn ha korrdam iut i` tba kilpnata tarld`on hix, liu`tam i` o to`c os d` sarvdka, wdtb idn ot o talparotura ij 56 ¶K. Jir K] tarld`on hixas, o kurra`t ij =6 O sbonn ha d`gaktam ki`td`uiusny jir 8 b3 ot tba a`m ij tba tast, tba talparotura ij tba tarld`ons sbonn `it axkaam ?66 ¶K. ]ba tarld`on hix sbonn onsi ha vdsuonny d`spaktam ti a`sura tbot `i moloea bos ikkurram o`m tba riutd`a tasts sbonn ha sukkassjunny rapaotam. Jir kira o`m jrola eriu`md`e hixas, o kurra`t ij 816 O sbonn ha d`gaktam ki`td`uiusny jir 8 b3 ot tba a`m ij tba tast, tba talparotura ij tba tarld`ons sbonn `it axkaam ?66 ¶K. ]ba tarld`on hix sbonn onsi ha vdsuonny d`spaktam ti a`sura tbot `i moloea bos ikkurram o`m tba riutd`a tasts sbonn ha sukkassjunny rapaotam.
:.4
[olpnd`e mavdka
:.4.?
Ea`aron
[uhknousa :.4 majd`as sila ju`ktdi`on o`m lo`ujokturd`e kboroktardstdks ij tba solpnd`e [uhknousa :.4 mavdkas usam i` tro`sjirlars ti onniw solpnd`e ij tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm. ]ba solpnd`e mavdka ds onwoys o` a`m pid`t, hut loy ha kilhd`am wdtb o pdpand`a ir o` a`m pid`t vonva ir o` idn traotla`t ‛ mrod`d`e vonva.
:.4.8 :.4.8.?
Xaqudrala`ts o`m kboroktardstdks Xaqudrala`ts
]ba solpnd`e mavdka sbonn7 •
bova o pritaktdva kop ti prava`t tba pinnutdi` ij tba solpnd`e irdjdka wba` `it d` usa3
•
wba` ipa`, ipa`, ha parjaktny ndqudm-tdebt wdtb tba pritaktdva pritaktdva kop d` pnoka3
•
wba` knisam, ha parjaktny ndqudm-tdebt ava` wdtbiut tba pritaktdva kop3
•
bova o saond`e ij tba laton-ti-laton typa, tba saond`e ij tba pritaktdva kop loy bova o ndqudm rasdsto`t eoscat3
•
bova o lao`s ti ki`trin tba ndqudm jniw3
•
ha ndqudm ndqudm rasdsto`t o`m kirrisdi` priij o`m rasdnda`t ti lakbo`dkon sbikc3 hri`za, hross ir stod`nass staan ora kurra`tny usam3
•
ha rasdsto`t ti o` ivarprassura ij =66 cVo wba` knisam.
:.4.8.8
Axolpnas ij mdjjara`t mavdkas
Q`nass itbarwdsa spakdjdam i`a ij tba twi typas sbiw` d` Jdeura ?1 o`m Jdeura ?: sbonn ha suppndam.
‛ ;= ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura ?1 ‛ [olpnd`e mavdka @J K 1?-?8; ]ohna 4 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij solpnd`e mavdka d` Jdeura ?1 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
@ild`on sdza
M
@i. ij binas Ò E i` i` VKM
K
J
B lox lox
O lox
A lox lox
V
M@ 81
??1
= Õ Ò?= i` Ò 21
:4
=,1
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?=6
?;
85
M@ =6
?16
= Õ Ò?2 i` Ò ??6
22
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?26
?46
?1
85
M@ 16
?:1
= Õ Ò?2 i` Ò ?81
?6;
=,1
?46
886
?:
85
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ;1 ‛
Jdeura ?: ‛ [olpnd`e mavdka MD@ =81:2 ]ohna ?6 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij solpnd`e mavdka d` Jdeura ?: Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras @ild`on sdza
m ?
c
@i. ij binas m ;
s
m 8
M@ ?1
Ò 26
11
= Õ Ò??,1
?6
==
??8
?61
= Õ Ò?=
?;
11
?;6
?;1
m =
m 1
m :
?6
:6
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X ?1,251 (1 / 2 ")
?4
46
;8
N lox b lox O lox
X ;?,51 M@ ;8
:.4.; :.4.;.? :.4.;.?.? •
46 Õ 46 46
(? ? / = ")
]asts Ndst ij tasts Xiutd`a tasts
]debt`ass ij tba solpnd`e mavdka.
:.4.;.?.8 •
☖
]ypa tasts
Loxdlul wircd`e ivarprassura.
:.4.;.8
Xiutd`a tasts ‛ ]debt`ass ij tba solpnd`e mavdka
]bds tast sbonn ha korrdam iut hy solpnd`e i` aokb lo`ujokturd`e nit3 tba `ulhar ij solpnas ds ti ha makdmam o`m maknoram hy tba lo`ujokturar. ]ba mavdka sbonn ha knisam. ]ba mavdka sbonn tba` ha tastam wdtb idn ot 86 ¶K, ?66 cVo o`m vdskisdty ij ;6,1 k[t. @i naocoea sbonn ikkur ivar o pardim ij ? b.
:.4.;.; :.4.;.;.?
‛ ;: ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ypa tast Loxdlul wircd`e ivarprassura wdtb tba mavdka d` knisam pisdtdi`
]ba mavdka sbonn ha liu`tam i` o pdpand`a d` wbdkb dt ds pissdhna ti kraota o` idn prassura ij =66 cVo i` tba ndqudm sdma ij tba mavdka. Ojta Oj tarr 1 i ipa pa`‛k `‛k nisa ni sa ipa i paro rotd td i`s wdt biut bi ut o `y l onju on ju`k `ktd tdi` i`,, tba tb a ma mavd vdka ka s bo bonnnn p oss tb tba a tast ta sts s ij :.4.;.8. :.4.;.8. ]ba mavdka sbonn tba` ha mdsliu`tam jril tba pdpand`a o`m vdsuonny d`spaktam ti vardjy tba d`taerdty ij tba kilpi`a`ts3 `i sde` ij majirlotdi` sbonn ha avdma`t.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ;5 ‛
O``ax O (d`jirlotdva) Aortbd`e pom kurra`t kopokdty konkunotdi` O.?
]bairy
Dt ds ossulam tbot tba ki`muktir talparotura rdsa ds omdohotdk. ]ba kurra`t D , jniwd`e tbriueb o ki`muktir ij o rasdsto`ka X ( β ) ot tba talparotura β murd`e m t , suppndas o` a`arey7 m U < < X ( β ) D 8 Õ mt wbdkb rasunts d` o talparotura rdsa dj dts wadebt ds l o`m dts loss tbarlon kopokdty ds Kp , majd`am hy7 m U < < l Õ Kp ∔ m β l Õ Kp Õ m β < X ( β ) D 8 Õ m t
edvd`e tba mdjjara`tdon aquotdi`
Haord`e d` ld`m tbot rasdsto`ka X ( β ) ds axprassam os had`e
N X( β ) < Ϗ ( β ) [ wbara Ϗ ( β)
ds ki`muktir rasdstdvdty3
N
ds ki`muktir na`etb3
[
ds ki`muktir kriss saktdi`3 l < ∊ N[ N[
wbara ∊
ds ma`sdty ij lotardon3
o`m tbot Ϗ( β ) < Ϗ( 6 ) ? + ο (β ∘ β 6 ) wbara ο
ds rasdstdvdty vordotdi` joktir3
β 6
ds tba rajara`ka talparotura wbara Ϗ (6) ds majd`am
Dt ikkurs tbot l ∔ Kp ∔ m β < X ( β ) D 8 ∔ m t
ko` ha wrdtta` os
∊µ Nµ[ µKpµmβ < Ϗ( ) ?+ ο (β ∘ 6
N 8 ) [ D µmt
β6
‛ ;2 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
∊µ[ 8µKpµmβ < D 8µmt Ϗ( 6 ) ? + ο (β ∘ β 6 )
d.a.
]briueb d`taerotdi`, dt ikkurs tbot ] 8
D µmt <
∊µ[ 8µKp
∣
Ϗ ( 6 )
6
β j
∣ ?+
β d
mβ
ο (β ∘ β 6 )
] < < murotdi` ij sbirt kdrkudt
wbdkb ds axprassam os
? + ο (β j ∘ β 6 ) ∊µ[ 8 µKp D µ] < . N` Ϗ( 6 ) µο ? + ο (βd ∘ β 6 ) 8
wbara β j ds tba jd`on talparotura o`m β d ds d`dtdon talparotura. ]bds jirluno axprassas tba ranotdi`sbdp hatwaa` talparotura, kurra`t o`m murotdi` ij oppndkotdi` o`m pripartdas ij tba ki`muktd`e lotardon. Dt onniws tba matarld`otdi` ij tba loxdlul parldssdhna kurra`t jir o edva` lotardon caapd`e t ba jd`on talparotura haniw o kartod` tbrasbinm. ]ba jirluno ds tba` edva` os7
D <
O.8
?+ ο (β j ∘ β 6 ) ∊µ[ 8µKp .N` ] Ϗ( 6) µο ?+ ο (βd ∘ β 6 )
Oppndkotdi` ti aortbd`e poms
Jir tba konkunotdi` ij aortbd`e poms, tba kriss saktdi` wbdkb bos haa` ratod`am d` tbds mikula`t ds tba kriss saktdi` ij tba aortbd`e anala`t ki`sdmard`e tbot tba wanmd`e i` tba to`c wdnn ha ot naost os norea os tba kriss saktdi` ij tba pom. Jir stum typa aortbd`e anala`ts, tba ld`dlul kriss saktdi` ij tba tbraom bos haa` ratod`am. ]ba wanmd`e lotardons o`m latbims jir ki``aktd`e tba poms ti tba to`c sbonn ha kopohna ij wdtbsto`md`e tba loxdlul talparoturas d`mdkotam d` ]ohna O.? jir aokb typa ij pom wdtbiut matrdla`t. ]ba loxdlul kurra`t vonuas matodnam d` ]ohna d` ]ohna O.8 ora ranotam i`ny ti tba aortbd`e pom o`m dts ki``aktdi` ti tba to`c3 aortbd`e ki``aktdi`s ti tba pom sbiunm ha sudtohny rota m ti lotkb tbasa vonuas. ]ohna O.? kilpdnas tba lotardon pripartdas wbdkb bova haa` usam jir tba konkunotdi`.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ;4 ‛
]ohna O.? ‛ Lotardon moto jir kurra`t kopokdty konkunotdi` Kippar
[taan
[tod`nass [tod`nass staan ;6=N staan ;?:N
Hross
Onuld`dul
β j
¶K
816
;66
;66
;66
816
866
[pakdjdk wadebt
Ν
ce/l-;
2 466
5 266
5 466
5 466
2 166
8 566
Xasdstdvdty ot raj. talparotura
Ϗ6
K
8,?6A-62
?,;6A-65
5,;6A-65
5,16A-65
5,?6A-62
8,52A-62
Xaj. talparotura
β 6
¶K
51
86
86
86
86
86
Xasdstdvdty vordotdi` kiajjdkda`t
ο
C-?
6,66; 4;
6,66: :
6,666 6?:
6,666 6?5
6,66? 1
6,66; 4
Kp
G / (ce Õ C)
;4= ;4=
1?1
168
168
;21
254
Jd`on talp.
Konirdjdk kopokdty
]ohna O.8 kilpdnas tba rasunts jir aokb lotardon o`m aokb typa ij aortbd`e pom. @ita tbot tba murotdi` ij tba kurra`t jniw bos haa` sat ti 6,1 s wbdkb ds ki`sdmaram os had`e ohiva o`y `irlon pritaktdi` systal iparotdi`3 tbds murotdi` ds mdjjara`t jril tba tbarlon kopokdty ij wd`md`es raqudram hy DAK :665:-1 ij 8 s hakousa tba jount ti aortb wdnn d` o`y kosa trdeear o trdp ij tba tro`sjirlar. ]ba talparotura ndldts bova haa` s at ot 866 ¶K jir onuld`dul haniw dts usuon o``aond`e talparotura o`m ot 816 ¶K jir hross o`m kippar. @ita tbot jir kippar ir hross anala`ts, tba `otura ij tba hrozd`e i` tba s taan to`c loy niwar tbds vonua wbdkb sbiu nm ralod` haniw lantd`e talparotura ij tba usam hrozd`e lotardon. Jir d`sto`ka, dj td` ds usam jir hrozd`e kippar i` staan, tba loxdlul talparotura wiunm ha ?86 ¶K tba lantd`e talparotura ij td`. Jir staan, ;66 ¶K bos haa` ki`sdmaram os o usuon ndldt ohiva wbdkb prihnals loy ojjakt tba ki``aktdi`s.
]ohna O.8 ‛ Loxdlul parldssdhna kurra`t jir sto`morm aortbd`e poms, murd`e 6,1 s Vorolatar
Q`dt
Jd`on talp.
β j
Aortb pom typa
¶K
Kippar
[taan
816
;66
Kriss saktdi` [ d` d` l8
[tod`nass [tod`nass staan ;6=N staan ;?:N ;66
;66
Hross
Onuld`dul
816
866
[birt-kdrkudt kurra`t wdtbd` talparotura talparotura ndldt d` cO
H?
Ϊ ;6 L?8
6,666 14=
?=?,28
11,?4
;?,18
;?,?6
5:,6;
2;,4:
H8
1 Õ ;6
6,666 ?16
;1,2;
?;,4=
5,4:
5,2:
?4,8?
8?,8?
H;
L?8
6,666 65:
?2,8?
5,64
=,61
;,44
4,5:
?6,52
H=
:6 Õ ?6
6,666 :66
?=;,;?
11,55
;?,21
;?,=8
5:,2;
2=,2=
H1
?86 Õ ?6
6,66? 866
82:,:;
???,1=
:;,56
:8,2=
?1;,:5
?:4,:2
H:
??6 Õ ?6
6,66? ?66
8:8,5=
?68,8=
12,=6
15,:?
?=6,2:
?11,1=
H5
16,2 Õ 22,4
6,66? ;45
;;;,:2
?84,21
5=,?:
5;,?:
?52,24
?45,1=
‛ =6 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``ax H (d`jirlotdva) Ubaan ossalhny H.?
D`trimuktdi` ti wbaan sanaktdi`
]wi mdjjara`t typas ij wbaans axdst jir tro`sjirlars, tba usoea ij wbdkb mapa`ms i` tba tro`sjirlar wadebt. ]ba jdrst typa, wdtbiut jno`eas, ds lod`ny usam jir slonn o`m lamdul sdza tro`sjirlars. ]bds typa ds usuonny usam i` jnot rodns ir i` Q sbopa rodns. ]ba saki`m typa ds jno`eam o`m ds lod`ny usam jir norea piwar tro`sjirlars o`m d`ta`mam ti ha usam ivar rodnwoy ir kro`a typa rodns. ]ba sanaktdi` ij tba wbaans mapa`ms i` tba lotardon ij tba wbaan o`m ij tba rodn, os `adtbar tba wbaan `ir tba rodn sbonn ha moloeam hy tba stotdk o`m livd`e jirkas. @I]A ? D` sila kosas, tba wbaans wdnn ha usam jir tba pisdtdi`d`e ij tba tro`sjirlar tro`sjirlar i` tba sarvdka hoy. Ojtar pisdtdi`d`e ij tba tro`sjirlar, tba wbaans wdnn ha ralivam. @I]A 8 wbaans.
H.8 H.8.?
Dj tba kustilar spakdj das `i wbaans, tba tro`sjirlar wdnn ha mandvaram wdtbiut wbaans ir jdxd`e mavdka jir
]bairy ij ki`tokt Loxdlul niom
Uba` twi sindms ora d` ki`tokt wdtb aokb itbar w dtbiut d`tarpa`atrotdi`, hitb eat m ajirlam o`m tba ki`tokt surjoka ds o` anndpsa. ]ba prassura hatwaa` tba twi anala`ts vordas mapa`md`e i` tba pid`t ij tba anndpsa. Jir o kynd`mar i` o pno`a tbds anndpsa hakilas o rakto`eunor d`tarjoka, saa Jdeura H.?.
Jdeura H.? ‛ Ki`tokt surjoka hatwaa` o wbaan o`m o pno`a ]ba na`etb ij tba slonn oxds ij tba ki`tokt anndpsa ds 8 h wdtb h majd`am hy tba jinniwd`e aquotdi`.
?∘ ρw8 ? ∘ ρ8 J e + r Õ ÕX φ Aw o φAr
h [r :;6 :;6 > [r ≭ ? 816 ? 816 > [r
≭ ?
:66
? :66 > [r
≭ ;
?16
; ?16 > [r ≭ ?6 666
H.;.; H.;.;.?
Jno`eam wbaan ]ypa ij rodns
]ba jno`eam wbaans ora `irlonny usam i` rodnwoy ir kro`a typa rodns. D`tar`otdi`on [to`morm D[I 166;786?: edvas axolpnas ij rodns killi`ny usam d` Auripa. Dt ds ti ha `itam tbot mua ti tba prijdna ij tba r odns o`m ti tba mdjjara`t BHU `it onn tba wbaans wdnn ha sudtohna jir onn tba rodns. Dt ds omvdsohna tbot tba usar d`jirl tba lo`ujokturar ij tba typa o`m quondty ij rodn wbdkb wdnn ha usam jir tba tro`sjirlar suppirt. ]ba usuon rodnwoy typa rodns bova o` BHU ro`ed`e jril 866 ti ==6, o`m o rastd`e surjoka (tba jnot port i` tba tip ij tba rodn) voryd`e jril ?1 ll jir tba typa =4A? ti lira tbo` =? ll jir tba 1=A=. Qsuonny tba tro`sjirlar wdnn rast i` "Zde`ina typa" rodns =:A8, 11A? ir :6A?, wbdkb onn bova o rastd`e surjoka ij ohiut 86 ll o`m o wdmtb hatwaa` :8 ll o`m 58 ll. Xastd`e i` kro`a typa rodns sukb os Hurhokb ds onsi killi`, saa Jdeura saa Jdeura H.: o` o`m m Jdeura H.5. H.5.
Jdeura H.: ‛ Zde`ina typa rodn prijdna
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ =1 ‛
Jdeura H.5 ‛ Hurhokb rodn prijdna Axolpnas ij killi` rodn mdla`sdi`s o`m BHU ora edva` d` ]ohna H.;. H.;.
]ohna H.; ‛ Xodn rastd`e surjoka @ola
=:A8
=:A=
16A?
16A=
16A1
16A:
11A?
:6A?
o ll
85,4
;2,;
;6,4
86,6
=6,=5
;6,4
85,4
86,=
]ba staan `ola rajnakts tba BHU vonua o`m ds usuonny kbisa` jril oli`e X866, X886, X8:6, X;16, X=66. ]ba ranotdi`sbdp hatwaa` tba jno`ea ij tba wbaan, t ba pdtkb ij tba wbaans, o`m tba eouea ij tba rodn ds bdebny mapa`ma`t i` tba rodn prijdna o`m wbaan jno`ea prijdna. Jdeura H.2 axpnod`s tbds ranotdi`sbdp c`iwd`e tbot o ld`dlul eop ds raqudram hatwaa` tba jno`ea o`m tba rodn.
Jdeura H.2 ‛ Ubaan o`m rodn pisdtdi`s ]ba eop d` Jdeura d` Jdeura H.2 mapa`ms i` tba sbopa ij tba wbaan o`m tba kurvas ij tba rodn trokc. Jir o riu`m sbopa wbaan prijdna os sbiw` d` Jdeura H.?6 o`m strodebt trokc, o eop ij 8,1 ll ds usuonny sujjdkda`t.
H.;.;.8
Jno`eam sd`ena wbaans
]ba wbaan ossalhny, konnam U8 jir sd`ena wbaan ossalhny, ds kilpisam ij o wbaan pnota d` irmar ti jdx tba ossalhny ti tba hittil ij tba tro`sjirlar o`m i`a jno`eam wbaan os sbiw` d` Jdeura H.4. H.4.
‛ =: ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura H.4 ‛ [d`ena wbaan jno`eam typa U8 ]ba mdla`sdi`s ij tba wbaan ossalhny sbiunm ha d` okkirmo`ka wdtb ]ohna wdtb ]ohna H.=. ]ba H.=. ]ba prijdna ij tba wbaans mapa`ms i` tba d`tarjoka hatwaa` tba rodn o`m tba wbaan o`m sbiunm ha kbisa` hy tba lo`ujokturar o`m oeraam hy tba purkbosar. Jir d`sto`ka o riu`m sbopa okkirmd`e ti Jdeura H.?6 ir o sborpar sbopa ko` ha kbisa` dj sudtohna jir tba rodn typa.
]ohna H.= ‛ Jno`eam sd`ena wbaan mdla`sdi`s Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras ]ypa
Ubaan wdmtb
Ubaan mdolatar
Badebt
]
M
B
U8 ‛ O
??1
866
8=6
U8 ‛ H
?;6
816
;66
U8 ‛ K
?;6
;66
;16
U8 ‛ M
?81
;?1
;:1
U8 ‛ A
?=1
;26
181
U8 ‛ J
?81
=66
=11
U8 ‛ E
?81
166
111
Jdeura H.?6 ‛ Axolpna ij riu`m sbopa wbaan prijdna H.;.;.;
Jno`eam miuhna wbaans
]ba miuhna wbaan ossalhny, konnam U;, ds kilpisam ij o wbaan pnota d` irmar ti jdx tba ossalhny ti tba hittil ij tba tro`sjirlar o`m twi jno`eam wbaans os sbiw` d` Jdeura H.??. H.??.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ =5 ‛
Jdeura H.?? ‛ Miuhna wbaan jno`eam typa U; ]ba mdla`sdi`s ij tba wbaan ossalhny sbiunm ha d` okkirmo`ka wdtb ]ohna wdtb ]ohna H.1. H.1. ]ba prijdna ij tba wbaans mapa`ms i` tba d`tarjoka hatwaa` tba rodn o`m tba wbaan o`m sbiunm ha kbisa` hy tba lo`ujokturar o`m oeraam hy tba purkbosar. Jir d`sto`ka, riu`m sbopa okkirmd`e ti Jdeura ti Jdeura H.?6 ir sborpar sbopa ko` ha kbisa` dj sudtohna jir tba rodn typa.
]ohna H.1 ‛ Jno`eam miuhna wbaan mdla`sdi`s Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras ]ypa
H.;.;.=
Ubaan wdmtb
Ubaan mdolatar
Badebt
Ubaan ka`tra d`taroxds
]
M
B
A
U; ‛ O
??1
866
821
816
U; ‛ H
?;6
816
;16
;?6
U; ‛ K
?;6
;66
=86
;46
U; ‛ M
?81
;?1
=66
=;6
U; ‛ A
?=1
;26
181
:66
U; ‛ J
?81
=66
=21
181
U; ‛ E
?81
166
146
:81
Livd`e trokcs
Jir tba kriss mdraktdi` (`orriw sdma ij tba tro`sjirlar), list ij tba tdla tba trokcs ora okkirmd`e ti tba rodnwoy eouea os mrow` d` d` Jdeura H.?8 o`m dts mdla`sdi`s ora okkirmd`e ti ]ohna H.:. H.:.
Jdeura H.?8 ‛ Kriss sdma trokc
‛ =2 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ohna H.: ‛ Xodn eouea jir kriss sdma trokc Eouea N ?
ll ll ? =;1
H.;.;.1
Xastd`e trokcs
]ba rodnwoy ij tba suhstotdi`'s hoy loy bova o sd`ena trokc ir o miuhna trokc. [d`ena trokc rodn orro`eala`t ds d` okkirmo`ka wdtb Jdeura wdtb Jdeura H.?; o` o`m m ]ohna H.5. H.5.
Jdeura H.?; ‛ [d`ena sdma trokc ]ohna H.5 ‛ Xodn eoueas jir sd`ena trokc Eouea N ?
ll ? =;1 8 4=6
Jir tba miuhna trokc orro`eala`t, tr okcs ko` ha adtbar tba ki`ka`trdk trokcs os par Jdeura Jdeura H.?= ir twi poronnan trokcs os par Jdeura Jdeura H.?13 tbadr H.?13 tbadr eoueas ora okkirmd`e ti ]ohna ti ]ohna H.2 o` o`m m ]ohna H.4, H.4, raspaktdvany.
Jdeura H.?= ‛ Ki`ka`trdk miuhna trokcs Jir ki`ka`trdk trokcs, tba prajarram eoueas ora os par ]ohna ]ohna H.2. H.2.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ =4 ‛
]ohna H.2 ‛ Xodn eoueas jir ki`ka`trdk trokcs Eouea N ?
N 8
ll ll
ll ll
8 4=6
1 4=6
Jdeura H.?1 ‛ Voronnan miuhna trokcs Jir poronnan trokcs, tba prajarram eoueas ora os par ]ohna ]ohna H.4. H.4.
]ohna H.4 ‛ Xodn eoueas jir poronnan trokcs Eouea N ?
N 8
ll ll
ll ll
; 658
? =;1
Os tb tba a pdtk pd tkb b mapa ma pa`m `ms s i` tba tb a rodn ro dn usam us am dt ds `it `i t raki ra kill lla`m a`m am ti spak sp akdjy djy o pd tkb 3 o eo eoue uea a ds prajarram, os o eouea wdnn onniw d`tariparohdndty oli`e mdjjara`t typas ij rodns.
‛ 16 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``ax K (d`jirlotdva) [dzd`e ij ki`va`tdi`on typas ij mabymrotd`e hraotbar ‛ Eudma jir konkunotdi` ij hraotbar sdza ]ba hraotbar sdza (sdndko ean ki`ta`t) ds mdraktny ranotam ti tba raquastam lod`ta`o`ka d`tarvon, tba quo`tdty ij idn d` tba tro`sjirlar o`m tba i parotd`e ki`mdtdi`s, okkirmd`e ti jinniwd`e jirluno7 [dndko ean ki`ta`t Sce\ < ( θ Õ Õ Z Õ Õ ∊ t Õ Õ O Õ L ) / [ θ S?/C\
< axpo`sdi` kiajjdkda`t ij tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm
Z Sml S ml ; \
< vinula ij d`sunotd`e ndqudm d` tba tro`sjirlar
∊ t SC\
< titon ovaroea talparotura ramuktdi` murd`e o 8= b pardim ij tba d`sunotd`e ndqudm mua ti niom jnuktuotdi`s, kiind`e o`m olhda`t talparotura vordotdi`s
O Se/l ;\
< wotar vopiur ki`ta`ts ij ij tba olhda`t odr d`spdram murd`e talparotura ramuktdi` hy tba tro`sjirlar3 ]ohna tro`sjirlar3 ]ohna K.? edvas tbds vonua ranotam ti olhda`t talparotura o`m ranotdva buldmdty.
L
< raquastam lod`ta`o`ka d`tarvon d` moys
[ Se/ce\
< ohsirhd`e kopokdty ij wotar vopiur ij mabymrotd`e oea`t ti soturotdi`
Axolpna ij konkunotdi`7 θ S?/C\
< 5,= Õ ?6 -= 3 tbds vonua ds typdkon jir ld`aron idn
Z Sl S l;\
< 2=
∊ t SC\
< 86
O Se/l ;\
< :,223 tbds vonua kirraspi`ms ti =6 % ranotdva buldmdty ot 86 ¶K odr talparotura
L
< ;:1
[ Se/ce\
< ?163 typdkon vonua jir sdndko ean
[dndko ean ki`ta`t < (5,= Õ ?6 -= Õ 2= 666 Õ 86 Õ :,22 Õ ;:1) / ?16 < 86,2 ce
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 1? ‛
]ohna K.? ‛ Loss ij wotar, d` erols, ki`tod`am d` i`a kuhdk latra ij odr Xanotdva buldmdty
K¶
?6 %
86 %
;6 %
=6 %
16 %
:6 %
56 %
26 %
46 %
?66 %
6¶
6,=4
6,42
?,=5
?,4:
8,=1
8,4=
;,=;
;,48
=,=6
=,46
?
6,18
?,6=
?,1:
8,62
8,:6
;,?8
;,:=
=,?:
=,56
1,86
8
6,1:
?,?8
?,:2
8,8=
8,26
;,;:
;,48
=,=2
1,66
1,:6
;
6,:6
?,86
?,26
8,=6
;,66
;,:6
=,86
=,26
1,=6
:,66
=
6,:=
?,82
?,4?
8,1:
;,86
;,2=
=,=2
1,?8
1,26
:,=6
1
6,:2
?,;:
8,6=
8,58
;,=6
=,62
=,5:
1,==
:,?6
:,26
:
6,5;
?,=:
8,?4
8,48
;,:1
=,;2
1,??
1,2=
:,:6
5,;6
5
6,55
?,1=
8,;?
;,62
;,21
=,:8
1,;4
:,?:
:,46
5,56
2
6,2;
?,::
8,=4
;,;8
=,?1
=,42
1,2?
:,:=
5,16
2,;6
4
6,22
?,5:
8,:=
;,18
=,=6
1,82
:,?:
5,6=
5,46
2,26
?6
6,4=
?,25
8,28
;,5:
=,56
1,:=
:,12
5,18
2,16
4,=6
??
6,44
?,44
8,42
;,42
=,45
1,45
:,4:
5,4:
2,46
4,46
?8
?,6:
8,?8
;,?2
=,8=
1,;6
:,;:
5,=8
2,=2
4,16
?6,:6
?;
?,?;
8,8:
;,;4
=,18
1,:1
:,52
5,4?
4,6=
?6,86
??,;6
?=
?,86
8,=6
;,:6
=,26
:,66
5,;6
2,=6
4,:6
?6,26
?8,66
?1
?,82
8,1:
;,2=
1,?8
:,=6
5,:2
2,4:
?6,86
??,16
?8,26
?:
?,;::
8,58
=,64
1,==
:,26
2,?:
4,18
?6,46
?8,86
?;,:6
?5 ?2
?,=1 ?,1=
8,24 ;,65
=,;; =,:?
1,52 :,?=
5,88 5,:2
2,:5 4,88
?6,?6 ?6,26
??,:6 ?8,;6
?;,66 ?;,26
?=,16 ?1,=6
?4
?,:;
;,81
=,22
:,1?
2,?;
4,5:
??,=6
?;,66
?=,:6
?:,;6
86
?,58
;,==
1,?:
:,22
2,:6
?6,;6
?8,66
?;,26
?1,16
?5,86
8?
?,28
;,:1
1,=2
5,;6
4,?;
??,66
?8,26
?=,:6
?:,=6
?2,86
88
?,4;
;,25
1,26
5,5=
4,:5
??,:6
?;,16
?1,16
?5,=6
?4,;6
8;
8,61
=,?6
:,?1
2,86
?6,81
?8,;6
?=,;6
?:,=6
?2,=6
86,16
8=
8,?5
=,;=
:,1?
2,:2
?6,21
?;,66
?1,86
?5,=6
?4,16
8?,56
81
8,84
=,12
:,25
4,?:
??,=1
?;,56
?:,66
?2,;6
86,:6
88,46
8:
8,=8
=,2=
5,8:
4,:2
?8,?6
?=,66
?:,46
?4,=6
8?,26
8=,86
85
8,1:
1,?8
5,:2
?6,81
?8,26
?1,=6
?5,46
86,16
8;,66
81,:6
82
8,5?
1,=8
2,?;
?6,21
?;,16
?:,;6
?4,66
8?,56
8=,=6
85,16
84
8,2:
1,58
2,12
??,==
?=,;6
?5,86
86,66
88,46
81,56
82,:6
;6
;,68
:,6=
4,61
?8,?6
?1,?6
?2,?6
8?,?6
8=,?6
85,86
;6,86
;?
;,?2
:,;:
4,1=
?8,56
?1,46
?4,?6
88,86
81,=6
82,:6
;?,26
;8
;,;1
:,5?
?6,6:
?; ?;,=6 ,=6
?:,26 ?:,26
86 86,?6 ,?6
8;,16
8:,26
;6 ;6,?6 ,?6
;;,16 ;;,16
;;
;,1:
5,62
?6,:6
?= ?=,86 ,86
?5,56 ?5,56
8? 8?,86 ,86
8=,26
82,;6
;? ;?,26 ,26
;1,=6 ;1,=6
;=
;,5;
5,=:
??,86
?= ?=,46 ,46
?2,56 ?2,56
88 88,=6 ,=6
8:,?6
84,26
;; ;;,:6 ,:6
;5,;6 ;5,;6
;1
;,4=
5,22
??,26
?1 ?1,26 ,26
?4,56 ?4,56
8; 8;,:6 ,:6
85,:6
;?,16
;1 ;1,=6 ,=6
;4,=6 ;4,=6
;:
=,?1
2,;6
?8,=1
?: ?:,:6 ,:6
86,26 86,26
8= 8=,46 ,46
84,66
;;,86
;5 ;5,;6 ,;6
=?,16 =?,16
;5
=,;5
2,5=
?;,86
?5 ?5,16 ,16
8?,46 8?,46
8: 8:,86 ,86
;6,:6
;1,66
;4 ;4,;6 ,;6
=;,56 =;,56
;2
=,:6
4,86
?;,26
?2 ?2,=6 ,=6
8;,66 8;,66
85 85,:6 ,:6
;8,56
;:,26
=? =?,=6 ,=6
=:,66 =:,66
;4
=,2=
4,:2
?=,16
?4 ?4,=6 ,=6
8=,86 8=,86
84 84,66 ,66
;;,46
;2,56
=; =;,:6 ,:6
=2,=6 =2,=6
=6
1,62
?6,86
?1,;6
86,=6
81 81,=6 ,=6
;6,16
;1,:6
=6 =6,56 ,56
=1,26
16,46
16
2,85
?6,86
?2,;6
86,=6
81 81,=6 ,=6
;6,16
;1,:6
=6 =6,56 ,56
=1,26
16,46
:6
?;,66
8:,66
;4,66
18,66
:1,66
52,66
4?,66
?6=,66
??5,66
?;6,66
‛ 18 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``ax M (`irlotdva) Huttarjny vonva typas M.?
Huttarjny vonva typas O?, O8 o`m O; ossalhnam hy wanmd`e i` to`c wonn
]ypa O? ‛ O8 ‛ [birt o`m ldm typa
]ypa O; ‛ Ni`e typa
Os sal hny wdt wdtb b skr aws o` o`m m ` ut uts s
Oss alh alhny ny wdt b s kraws kra ws o` o`m m ` uts
]ypa O? ‛ O8 ‛ O; ‛ [birt, ldm o`m ni`e typa Oss alhny alh ny wdt wdtb b hin ts o` o`m m ` uts Cay ?
Huttarjny vonva
8
Jno`ea
;
]ro`sjirlar to`c
=
[kraw ‛ hint
1
Vdpand`a ‛ romdotir
Jdeura M.? ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas, typa O?, O8 o`m O;
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 1; ‛
Jdeura M.8 ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa O?, O8 o`m O; ]ohna M.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij huttarjny vonvas, typas O?, O8 o`m O; Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras ]ypa
M@
Э O
U
Э H
@
O?]-16 sbirt
16
1?
?81
?81
=
O?B-16 sbirt
16
1?
?81
?81
=
O?]-26 sbirt
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O?B-26 sbirt
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O8]-26 ldm
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O8B-26 ldm
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O;]-26 ni`e
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O;B-26 ni`e
26
52
?16
?:6
=
X?
X8
L?: Э?2
L?: Э?2
L?: Э?2
L?: Э?2
Э M
C
[
B
(lox.)
V (lox.)
_ (lox.)
X (lox.)
N
:;
:
56
?=
??6
=6
18
18
:;
:
56
?=
??6
=6
18
18
46
2
56
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
2
56
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
21
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
21
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
?61
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
?61
8?
?86
=8
18
18
‛ 1= ‛
M.8
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Huttarjny vonva typas H? o`m H8 ossalhnam hatwaa` to`c wonn o`m pdpand`a o`m i` pdpand`a
Oss alh ny i` to` c won n w dtb wan mam st stums ums
Oss alh ny i` to` c won n w dtb hin ts
Jdeura M.; ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas typa H? o`m H8 hatwaa` to`c wonn o`m pdpand`a
Cay ?
Huttarjny vonva
8
Jno`ea
;
]ro`sjirlar to`c
=
[kraw hint
1
Vdpand`a romdotir
Jdeura M.= ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas typa H? o`m H8 i` pdpand`a
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 11 ‛
Jdeura M.1 ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa H? ]ohna M.8 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij huttarjny vonvas, typa H? Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras ]ypa
N V _ X (lox.) (lox.) (lox.) (lox.)
M@
Ò O
Ò H
Ò U
Ò M
@
Òm
B
[
H? ‛ M@ 26
26
52
?:6
866
?88
=
?2
?;
;1
?=1
;1
18
18
H? ‛ M@ 26/2
26
52
?:6
866
?88
2
?2
?;
;1
?16
;1
18
18
H? ‛ M@ ?66
?66
42
?26
886
?=8
2
?2
?=
;1
?11
;1
18
18
H? ‛ M@ ?81
?81
?8=
8?6
816
?58
2
?2
?5
=6
?51
=6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ ?16
?16
?=4
8=6
821
?41
2
88
?5
=6
?41
=6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ ?51
?51
?5=
856
;?1
881
2
88
?2
=6
8?6
=6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ 866
866
?42
841
;=6
816
2
88
;6
:6
8=1
:6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ 816
816
8=4
;16
;41
;61
?8
88
;8
:1
856
:1
4?
4?
H? ‛ M@ ;66
;66
844
=66
==1
;11
?8
88
;1
:1
841
:1
4?
4?
‛ 1: ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura M.: ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa H8 ]ohna M.; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij huttarjny vonvas, typa H8 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras ]ypa
M@
Ò O
U
Ò H
@
Òm
Ò M
B
[
H8/;1 ‛ M@ 26
26
52
?16
?:6
=
?2
?88
?=
;1
?81
;1
18
18
H8/=6 ‛ M@ 26
26
26
?16
?:6
=
?2
?86
8?
=6
?81
=6
18
18
?66
42
?56
?26
=
?2
?=6
?2
;1
?;1
;1
18
18
H8 ‛ M@?66
N V _ X (lox.) (lox.) (lox.) (lox.)
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
M.;
‛ 15 ‛
Huttarjny vonvas typas K? o`m K8 ossalhnam i` pdpand`a
Cay ?
Huttarjny vonva
8
Jno`ea
;
]ro`sjirlar to`c
=
[kraw ‛ hint ‛ stum
1
Vdpand`a ‛ romdotir
Oss alhny alh ny i` pdp and `a hat waa ` jn o`e as.
Jdeura M.5 ‛ Ossalhny noyiut ij huttarjny vonvas typa K? o`m K8 i` pdpand`a
‛ 12 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura M.2 ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa K? ]ohna M.= ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij huttarjny vonvas typa K? Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
]ypa
M@
Ò O
Ò H
Ò U
@
Òm
[
N (lox.)
V (lox.)
_ (lox.)
X (lox.)
K? ‛ M@ 81
81
82
21
??1
=
L?8
;1
41
;1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ 16
16
1?
?81
?:1
=
L?:
;1
? ?86 86
;1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ 26 K? ‛ M@ 26/2
26 26
52 52
?:6 ?:6
866 866
= 2
L?: L?:
;1 ;1
? ?=6 =6 ? ?=6 =6
;1 ;1
18 18
18 18
K? ‛ M@ ?66
?66
42
?26
886
2
L?:
;1
?16
;1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ ?81
?81
?8=
8?6
816
2
L?:
=6
?51
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ ?16
?16
?=4
8=6
821
2
L86
=6
?41
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ ?51
?51
?5=
856
;?1
2
L86
=6
862
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ 866
866
?42
841
;=6
2
L86
=6
8?4
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ 816
816
8=4
;16
;41
?8
L86
= =6 6
8==
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ ;66
;66
844
=66
==1
?8
L86
: :6 6
856
:6
4?
4?
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 14 ‛
Jdeura M.4 ‛ Huttarjny vonvas, typa K8 ]ohna M.1 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij huttarjny vonvas, typa K8 Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras
]ypa
M@
Ò O
U
Ò H
@
Òm
[
N (lox.)
V (lox.)
_ (lox.)
X (lox.)
K8 ‛ M@ 16
16
1?
?86
?81
=
L?:
;1
? ?61 61
;1
18
18
K8 ‛ M@ 26 K8 ‛ M@ ?66
26 ?66
52 42
?16 ?56
?:6 ?26
= =
L?: L?:
;1 ;1
? ?86 86 ?81
;1 ;1
18 18
18 18
‛ :6 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``ax A (`irlotdva) Eoscats o`m eoscat saots A.?
Ea`aron
Jir tba mdla`sdi`s ij aokb eoscat saot, ]ohna saot, ]ohna A.? o`m o` m ]ohna A.8 edva tba D[I ;:6?-? rajara`ka o`m mdla`sdi`s os wann os aqudvona`t killarkdon rajara`kas.
A.8
Eoscat saots o`m eoscats eoscats jir huttarjny huttarjny vonva typas O?, O8, O8, O;, O;, K? K? o`m o`m K8
Eoscat saots ora masde`am ti ha kilpotdhna wdtb D[I V@ ?6 sndp-i` jno`eas.
]ohna A.? ‛ Eoscat saot mdla`sdi`s o`m eoscat typas o`m mdla`sdi`s jir huttarjny vonvas typas O?, O8, O;, K? o`m K8 Jno`ea eoscats I-rd`e eoscat M@
[aot ll
Xajara`kas
Mdla`sdi`s Ò d`t Õ kirm Õ Ò axt
Aqudvona`t killarkdon rajara`kas
ll
81
==,8 Õ 12,8 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;82
=:,44 Õ 1,;; Õ 15,:1
IX:?25 ‛ H[;82 ‛ X;?
16
56,6 Õ 2=,6 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;;:
58,;4 Õ 1,;; Õ 2;,61
IX:825 ‛ H[;;: ‛ X;4
26
42,1 Õ ??8,1 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;=1
?66,45 Õ 1,;; Õ ???,:1
IX:=66 ‛ H[;=1 ‛ X=2
?66
?82,1 Õ ?=5,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =;?
?;8,58 Õ :,44 Õ ?=:,56
IX2181 ‛ H[=;? ‛ X14
?81
?1=,8 Õ ?5;,6 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =;2
?12,?8 Õ :,44 Õ ?58,?6
IX2:81 ‛ H[=;2 ‛ X::
?16
?2:,6 Õ 86=,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==;
?24,25 Õ :,44 Õ 86;,21
IX2516 ‛ H[==; ‛ X5?
?51
8??,1 Õ 8;6,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==:
8?1,85 Õ :,44 Õ 884,81
IX2216 ‛ H[==: ‛ X5=
866
8;5,6 Õ 811,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==2
8=6,:5 Õ :,44 Õ 81=,:1
IX2416 ‛ H[==2 ‛ X5:
816
825,1 Õ ;6:,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =18
84?,=5 Õ :,44 Õ ;61,=1
IX2??16 ‛ H[=18 ‛ X26
;66
;;2,1 Õ ;15,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =1:
;=8,85 Õ :,44 Õ ;1:,81
IX2?;16 ‛ H[=1: ‛ X2=
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
A.;
‛ :? ‛
Eoscat saots o`m eoscats jir huttarjny vonva typas H? o`m H8 ]ohna A.8 ‛ Eoscat saots mdla`sdi`s o`m eoscat typas o`m mdla`sdi`s jir huttarjny vonvas typas H? o`m H8 Jno`ea eoscats I-rd`e eoscat
M@
[aot ll
Xajara`kas
Mdla`sdi`s Ò d`t Õ kirm Õ Ò axt
Aqudvona`t killarkdon rajara`kas
ll
81
;=,5 Õ =2,5 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;81
;5,=5 Õ 1,;; Õ =2,?;
IX:?16 ‛ H[;81 ‛ X82
16
56,6 Õ 2=,6 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;;:
58,;4 Õ 1,;; Õ 2;,61
IX:825 ‛ H[;;: ‛ X;4
26
42,1 Õ ??8,1 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;=1
?66,45 Õ 1,;; Õ ???,:1
IX:=66 ‛ H[;=1 ‛ X=2
?66
??1,5 Õ ?;=,1 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =85
?86,68 Õ :,44 Õ ?;=,66
IX2=51 ‛ H[=85 ‛ X11
?81
?=?,1 Õ ?:6,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =;1
?=1,=8 Õ :,44 Õ ?14,=6
IX2151 ‛ H[=;1 ‛ X:;
?16
?:5,6 Õ ?21,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==6
?56,28 Õ :,44 Õ ?2=,26
IX2:51 ‛ H[==6 ‛ X:2
?51
?2:,6 Õ 86=,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==;
?24,25 Õ :,44 Õ 86;,21
IX2516 ‛ H[==; ‛ X5?
866
8??,1 Õ 8;6,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==:
8?1,85 Õ :,44 Õ 884,81
IX2216 ‛ H[==: ‛ X5=
816
851,6 Õ 84;,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =1?
852,55 Õ :,44 Õ 848,51
IX2??66 ‛ H[=1? ‛ X54
;66
;81,1 Õ ;==,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =11
;84,15 Õ :,44 Õ ;=;,11
IX2?;66 ‛ H[=11 ‛ X2;
‛ :8 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``ax J (d`jirlotdva) ]arld`on hixas ‛ Vrajarram liu`td`e mdla`sdi`s
[dza O o`m H
[dza K o`m M
Jdeura J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij tarld`on hixas sdza O, H, K o`m M ]ohna J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ij tarld`on hixas sdza O, H, K o`m M Mdla`sdi`s d` ldnndlatras @i. ij L: tarld`ons? [dza ld` ti lox
O
Ò K
@
Ò J
Ò E
[
Ò H
A
B
ld`
C ld` ld`
L
lox
ti lox
Ò N
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DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ :; ‛
Hdhndieropby DAK :665:-1, Viwar tro`sjirlars ‛ Vort 17 Ohdndty ti wdtbsto`m sbirt kdrkudt DAK :665:-:, Viwar tro`sjirlars ‛ Vort :7 Xaoktirs DAK :6811-178666, Anaktrdkon ranoys ‛ Vort 17 D`sunotdi` kiirmd`otdi` jir laosurd`e ranoys o`m pr prit itak aktd tdi` i` aq aqudp udp la`t la `t ‛ Xaqu Xa qudr dral ala` a`ts ts o` o`m m tas ts D[I 166;786?:, Jnot hittil (Zde`ina) rodnwoy rodns =; ce/l o`m ohiva A@ ?;:5=-?, Xodnwoy oppndkotdi`s ‛ ]rokc ‛ Xodn ‛ Vort ?7 Zde`ina rodnwoy rodns =: ce/l o`m ohiva KIQXHI@, G. Konkun mas strukturas, ]bäirda ma n'änostdkdtä. ]akb`dquas ma n'D`eä`daur , OJ= O;61 O; 61
YYYY YY YYYY YYYYY YYYYY YY
‛ := ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
[ILLODXA OZO @]-V OZO@] -VXI XIVI[ VI[ ..... .. ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... .. :2 :2 ? Milod`a m'oppndkotdi` .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ...................... ...... 56 56 8 Xäjära`kas `irlotdvas ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ................................ ................... ... 56 56 ; ]arlas at mäjd`dtdi`s .............................. ............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ........................ ......... 5? 5? = Ki`mdtdi`s ma sarvdka ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ...................... ...... 58 58 =.? =. ? Eä`ärondtäs .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ .............................. .............. 58 =.8 =. 8 Vritaktdi` ki`tra no kirrisdi` ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... .................. ... 58 58 =.; =. ; Xäsdsto`ka oux ki`mdtdi`s olhdo`tas ............................... ............................................... ............................... .................... ..... 58 58 =.= =. = Koroktärdstdquas mu ndqudma dsino`t................................ dsino`t............................................... ............................... .......................... .......... 58 58 1 Axdea`kas eä`äronas ranotdvas æ n'assod d`mdvdmuan ma särda at æ n'assod ma typa .............. 58 58 : Okk Okkas assi sidr dras as at äq äqud udpa pala la`ts `ts ..... .. ...... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... 5; 5; :.? :. ? Midets ma eo`t .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ......................... ......... 5; 5; :.?.? :.?.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 5; 5; :.?.8 :.?.8 Dma`tdjdkotdi` at pnoqua sde`onätdqua ......................... ........................................ ............................... ....................... ....... 5; 5; :.?.; :.?.; Assod ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ .................. 5; 5; :.?.= :.?.= Mdla`sdi`s mas midets ma eo`t ............................. ............................................. ............................... ......................... .......... 5; 5; :.8 :. 8 Hir`a ma tarra .......................... .......................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... .............................. .............. 5= 5= :.8.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............... ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 5= :.8.8 :.8.8 Mdla`sdi`s mas mdjjära`tas hir`as ma tarra ................... .................................. ............................... .................. 51 51 :.; :. ; Hiukbi` ma vdmo`ea .............................. ............................................. ............................... ................................ ................................ ................ 52 52 :.;.? :.;.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 52 52 :.;.8 :.;.8 Lotärdoux .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ......................... ......... 52 52 :.;.; :.;.; Mdla`sdi`s mas mdjjära`ts mdspisdtdjs ............................... .............................................. .............................. ............... 52 52 :.= :. = Vurea at mdspisdtdj ma vdmo`ea mu ndqudma .............................. .............................................. ............................... ................. .. 26 26 :.=.? :.=.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 26 26 :.=.8 :.=.8 Lotärdoux .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ......................... ......... 26 26 :.=.; :.=.; Mdla`sdi`s mas mdjjära`ts mdspisdtdjs ............................... .............................................. .............................. ............... 26 26 :.1 :. 1 Eonats at a`salhna ma eonats ‛ Axdea`kas eä`äronas .............................. ............................................ .............. 2? 2? :.: :. : Oss äkb au aurs rs m'odr m' odr ... ...... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... .... .. 2? 2? :.:.? :.:.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 2? 2? :.:.8 :.:.; :.:.;
Axdea`kas killu`as ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ..................... ..... 28 Axdea`kas suppnäla`todras ranotdvas oux typas ki`va`tdi``an æ ralpnokala`t lo`uan ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ..................... ..... 28 28 :.:.= :.:.= Ospak Os pakts ts supp su ppnä näla la`t `tod odra rass rano ra notdtdjs js oux ty typa pass ou outi tirä räeä eä`ä `äro ro`t `tss ...... ... ...... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ... 21 21 :.:.1 :.:.1 Assods .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ .............................. .............. 22 22 :.5 :. 5 Zo``as popdnni` ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ...................... ...... 24 24 :.5.? :.5.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 24 24 :.5.8 :.5.8 Axdea`kas at koroktärdstdquas ............................... .............................................. ............................... .......................... .......... 24 24 :.5.; :.5.; Kilpiso`ts mas vo``as ......................... ......................................... ................................ ............................... ....................... ........ 46 46 :.5.= :.5.= Mdspisdtdi`s at mdla`sdi`s ma n'ossalhnoea ......................................... .................................................. ......... 46 46 :.5.1 :.5.1 Varjirlo`kas .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ................... ... 48 48 :.5.: :.5.: Assods .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ .............................. .............. 48 48 :.5.5 :.5.5 Ki`mdtdi`s ma jiur`dtura..................................... jiur`dtura.................................................... ............................... ............................. ............. 4; 4; :.2 :.:.2.? 2 Hiàtas æ hir`as................................ hir`as................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ...................... ...... 4; :.2.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 4; 4; :.2.8 :.2.8 Maerä ma pritaktdi` .......................................... .......................................................... ................................ ............................. ............. 4= 4= :.2.; :.2.; Ji`ktdi` mas hiàtas ma rokkirmala`t ........................................ ........................................................ .................... .... 4= 4=
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:.2.= :.2.= :.2.1 :.2.1 :.2.: :.2.:
Ki`struktdi` eä`ärona ........................................ ....................................................... ............................... ............................. ............. 4= 4= Mdla`sdi`s birs-tiut .............................. ............................................. ............................... ................................ ........................ ........ 4= 4= Koroktärdstdquas ji`ktdi``annas at ma johrdkotdi` präjära`tdannas mu hiàtdar ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... .............................. ............... 4= 4= :.2.5 :.2.5 Koroktärdstdquas ji`ktdi``annas at ma johrdkotdi` präjära`tdannas mas hir`as .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ .............................. .............. 4= 4= :.2.2 :.2.2 Varjirlo`kas .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ................... ... 41 41 :.2.4 :.2.4 Assods .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ .............................. .............. 41 41 :.4 :. 4 Vrdsa m'äkbo`tdnni`......................................... ......................................................... ................................ ............................... ........................ ......... 45 45 :.4.? :.4.? Eä`ärondtäs ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... 45 45 :.4.8 :.4.8 Axdea`kas at koroktärdstdquas ............................... .............................................. ............................... .......................... .......... 45 45 :.4.; :.4.; Assods .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ .............................. .............. 44 44 (d`jirlotdva) Konkun ma no kopokdtä a` kiuro`t mas hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra .... .... ?6? ?6? O.? ]bäirda ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................... .................. .. ?6? ?6? O.8 Opp ndk otdi` ot di` oux hir` hi r`as as ma ldsa lds a æ no tar ra .. ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ... ?68 ?68 (d`jirlotdva) A`salhna ma eonats ............................... ............................................... ................................ ........................ ........ ?6= ?6= H.? D`trimuktdi` ou kbidx mas eonats ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................. ............. ?6= ?6= H.8 ]bäirda mu ki`tokt ........................................... ........................................................... ............................... ............................... .................... .... ?6= ?6= H.8.? H.8.? Kborea loxdlona .................................... ................................................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... ?6= ?6= H.8.8 H.8.8 Jirka ma troktdi` .............................. .............................................. ................................ ............................... ........................... ............ ?61 ?61 H.; Mdla`sdi`s mas eonats at äkortala`t mas vidas .............................. .............................................. .................... .... ?6: H.;.? H.;.? A`troxa at äkortala`t ............................... .............................................. ............................... ................................ ................... ... ?6: ?6: H.;.8 H.;.8 Eonat so`s hiumd` ........................ ........................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... .................. ?6: ?6: H.;.; H.;.; Eonat æ hiumd` .......................................... .......................................................... ............................... ............................... .................... .... ?62 ?62 (d`jirlotdva) Mdla`sdi``ala`t ma n'ossäkbaur m'odr piur nas typas ................................. ... ??= ??= ki`va`tdi``ans ‛ Eudma piur na konkun ma no todnna ma n'ossäkbaur .............................. (`irlotdva) ]ypas ma vo ``as popdnni` .............................. .............................................. ............................... .................. ... ??: ??: M.? M. ? Zo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8 at O; ossalhnäas por siumoea sur no porid ma no kuva ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ............................... ............................... ............... ??: ??: M.8 M. 8 Zo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H; ossalhnäas a`tra no porid ma no kuva at no tuyoutarda, at sur no tuyoutarda ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ................. ??2 ??2 M.; M. ; Zo``as popdnni` ma typa K? at K8 ossalhnäas sur no tuyoutarda .......................... .......................... ?8? ?8? (`irlotdva) Eor`dturas at gid`ts m' äto`kbädtä ............................... ............................................... ....................... ....... ?8= ?8= A.? A.8
Eä`ärondtäs .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................ ............ ?8= Gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä at eor`dturas piur nas vo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8, O;, K? at K8 ...... .... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... .. ?8 ?8= = A.; Gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä a t eor`dturas piur nas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 ........ ?81 ?81 (d`jirlotdva) Hiàtas æ hir`as ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma li`toea präjära`tdannas ............. ?8: ?8: Hdhndieropbda .............................. .............................................. ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... .......................... ........... ?85 ?85 Jdeura ? ‛ Midet ma eo`t ovak jdnatoea jalanna (æ eoukba) at lèna (æ mridta) ...................... ......................... ... 5= 5= Jdeura 8 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H? ........................ ....................................... ............................... ................................ ............................. ............. 51 51 Jdeura ; ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H8 ....................... ....................................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. 51 51 Jdeura = ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H; ....................... ....................................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. 5: 5: Jdeura 1 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H= ....................... ....................................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. 5: 5: Jdeura : ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H1 ....................... ....................................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. 5: Jdeura 5 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H: ....................... ....................................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. 55 55 Jdeura 2 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H5 ....................... ....................................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. 55 55
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DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura 4 ‛ Hiukbi` ma vdmo`ea ma typa K? (hiuni``ä) ............................. ............................................. ............................ ............ 52 52 Jdeura ?6 ‛ Hiukbi` m a vdmo`ea ma typa K8 ............................... ............................................... ............................... .......................... ........... 54 54 Jdeura ?? ‛ Mdspisdtdj ma vdmo`ea ma typa K; ...................... ...................................... ................................ ................................ .................. .. 26 26 Jdeura ?8 ‛ Vurea m'odr at vdmo`ea ma ndqudma ma typa M? (L:) at M8 (L?8) ........................... ........................... 2? 2? Jdeura ?; ‛ Hrdmas ma rokkirmala`t ma n'ossäkbaur ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............... 2; 2; Jdeura ?= ‛ Mdla`sdi`s birs-tiut ............................................ ............................................................ ............................... ............................. .............. 2= 2= Jdeura ?1 ‛ Vrdsa m'äk bo`tdnni` @J K 18-?;8 ..................... ..................................... ............................... ............................... ..................... ..... 42 Jdeura ?: ‛ Vrdsa m'äk bo`tdnni` MD@ =81:2 ..................................... .................................................... ............................... ........................ ........ 44 44 Jdeura H.? ‛ [urjoka ma ki`tokt a`tra u ` eonat at u` pno` ............................... .............................................. .................... ..... ?6= ?6= Jdeura H.8 ‛ Jirka ma troktdi` ............................... ............................................... ................................ ............................... .............................. ............... ?61 ?61 Jdeura H.; ‛ A`troxa at äkortala`t................ äkortala`t ................................ ............................... ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... ?6: ?6: Jdeura H.= ‛ A`salhna ma eonats so`s hiu md` ma typa U? ........................... ........................................... ....................... ....... ?65 ?65 Jdeura H.1 ‛ A`salhna A`salhna ma eonats ma typa U?, vua ma massus ma n'a`troxa ni`edtumd`on at tro`svarson ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................ ........ ?65 ?65 Jdeura H.: ‛ Vrijdn ma rodn ma typa Zde`ina ................. ................................. ............................... ............................... ........................... ........... ?62 ?62 Jdeura H.5 ‛ Vrijdn ma rodn Hurhokb ................................. ................................................ ............................... ................................ ...................... ...... ?64 ?64 Jdeura H.2 ‛ Visdtdi`s mu eonat at mu rodn ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ................. ?64 ?64 Jdeura H.4 ‛ Eonat s dlpna æ hiumd` ma typa U8 .............................. .............................................. ............................... ..................... ...... ??6 ??6 Jdeura H.?6 ‛ Axalpna ma prijdn ma eonat orri`md ............................... ............................................... ............................... .................. ... ??6 Jdeura H.?? ‛ Eonat miuhna æ hiumd`, ma typa U; ........................................ ....................................................... ....................... ........ ??? ??? Jdeura H.?8 ‛ Zida tro`svarsona ............................. ............................................ ............................... ................................ .............................. .............. ??? ??? Jdeura H.?; ‛ [dlpna vida ........................ ........................................ ................................ ............................... ............................... ............................ ............ ??8 ??8 Jdeura H.?= ‛ Miuhnas vidas k i`ka`trdquas .............................. .............................................. ............................... .......................... ........... ??8 ??8 Jdeura H.?1 ‛ Miuhnas vidas poronnânas .......................... .......................................... ............................... ............................... ...................... ...... ??; ??; Jdeura M.? ‛ Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8 at O;............... ??: ??: Jdeura M.8 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` m a typa O?, O8 at O; .............................. ............................................. ............................... ................ ??5 ??5 Jdeura M.; ‛ Mdspisdtdi` Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 a`tra no porid ma no kuva at no tuyoutarda .......................... .......................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ .................. ??2 ??2 Jdeura M.= ‛ Mdspisdtdi` Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 sur no tuyoutarda ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. ??2 ??2 Jdeura M.1 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa H? ............................ ............................................ ................................ ................................ ................ ??4 Jdeura M.: ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa H8 ............................ ............................................ ................................ ................................ ................ ?86 ?86 Jdeura M.5 ‛ Mdspisdtdi` Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa K? at K8 sur no tuyoutarda ............................... ............................................... ............................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................. .............. ?8? ?8? Jdeura M.2 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa K? ..................... .................................... ............................... ................................ ........................ ........ ?88 ?88 Jdeura M.4 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa K8 ..................... .................................... ............................... ................................ ........................ ........ ?8; ?8; Jdeura J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas hiàtas æ hir`as ma todnna O, H, K at M .............................. ..................................... ....... ?8: ?8: ]ohnaou ? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s präjära`tdannas mas mi dets ma eo`t ................................ ............................................... ................... .... 5= 5= ]ohnaou 8 ‛ Kiuro`t loxdlon piur nas hir`as ma t arra ...................... ..................................... ............................... .................... .... 52 52 ]ohnaou ; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mu hiuk bi` ma vdmo`ea ma typa K8 .............................. ............................................. ................... .... 54 54 ]ohnaou = ‛ Knossas ma todnnas b ohdtuannas mas ossäkbaurs ........................ ....................................... ........................... ............ 2= 2= ]ohnaou 1 ‛ Viuvidr ma jarlatura at ma kiupura ‛ Ossäkbaur outiräeä`är o`t ...................... ...................... 25 25 ]ohnaou : ‛ Xdedmdtä mdänaktrdqua mas ki`tokts ‛ Jräqua`ka d`mustrdanna ................................ ................................ 25 25
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ :5 ‛
]ohnaou 5 ‛ Xdedmdtä mdänaktrdqua mas ki `tokts‛ Kbik ma jiumra ............................. ............................................ ............... 22 22 ]ohnaou 2 ‛ Zonaur ma judta loxdlona omldssdhna .............................. .............................................. ............................... .................... ..... 48 48 ]ohnaou 4 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma no prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` ma no Jdeura ?1 .............................. ......................................... ........... 42 42 ]ohnaou ?6 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma no prdsa m'äkbo `tdnni` ma no Jdeura ?: ............................... ........................................ ......... 44 44 ]ohnaou O.? ‛ Mi``äas mas lotärdoux piur na konkun ma no kopokdtä ma kiuro`t .................. .................. ?6; ?6; ]ohnaou O.8 ‛ Kiuro`t omldssdhna loxdlon piur nas nas hir`as ma ldsa æ no no tarra `irlondsäas, pa`mo`t 6,1 s ................................. ................................................ ............................... ................................ ................................ .................. ?6; ?6; ]ohnaou H.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s m' a`salhna ma eo nats U? ........................................... .......................................................... ............... ?65 ?65 Jdeura H.1 ‛ A`salhna A`salhna ma eonats ma typa U?, vua ma massus ma n'a`troxa ni`edtumd`on at tro`svarson ................................ ............................................... ............................... ................................ ............................... ............................... ........................ ........ ?65 ?65 ]ohnaou H.8 ‛ A`troxas mas eonats U?............................. U?............................................. ................................ ............................... ................... .... ?62 ?62 ]ohnaou H.; ‛ [urjoka m'oppud mu r odn ......................................... ......................................................... ............................... ........................ ......... ?64 ?64 ]ohnaou H.= ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma eo nat sdlpna æ hiumd` ............................................ ........................................................... ............... ??6 ??6 ]ohnaou H.1 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s m a eo nat miuhna æ hiu md` ............................... .............................................. ............................ ............. ??? ??? ]ohnaou H.: ‛ Äkortala`t ma vida piur v ida tro `svarsona ............................... .............................................. .................... ..... ??8 ??8 ]ohnaou H.5 ‛ Äkortala`ts ma vida piur v ida sdlpna ................................ ................................................ .......................... .......... ??8 ??8 ]ohnaou H.2 ‛ Äkortala`ts ma vida piur v idas ki`ka`tr dquas .............................. ............................................. ............... ??; ??; ]ohnaou H.4 ‛ Äkortala` ts ma vida piur vidas por onnânas ................................. ................................................. .................. .. ??; ??; ]ohnaou K.? ‛ Lossa m'aou, a` erollas, ki`ta`u a mo`s u` lâtra kuha m'odr .................... .................... ??1 ]ohnaou M.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8 at O; ................... ................................. .............. ??5 ??5 ]ohnaou M.8 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? ............................... ............................................... .................. .. ??4 ??4 ]ohnaou M.; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H8 ............................... ............................................... .................. .. ?86 ?86 ]ohnaou M.= ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa K? .............................. .............................................. .................. .. ?88 ?88 ]ohnaou M.1 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa K8 .............................. .............................................. .................. .. ?8; ?8; ]ohnaou A.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä m'äto`kbädtä at typas at mdla`sdi`s ma eor`dturas piur vo` `as pop dnni` ma typa O?, O8, O;, K? at K8 ................... ................................... ................................ .......................... .......... ?8= ?8= ]ohnaou A.8 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä m'äto`kbädtä at typas at mdla`sdi`s ma eor`dturas piur vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 ............................. ............................................. ................................ ............................... ................... .... ?81 ?81 ]ohnaou J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas hiàtas æ hir`as ma todnna O, H, K at M ................. ................................. .................. ?8: ?8:
‛ :2 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
KILLD[[DI@ ÄNAK]XI]AKB@D_QA D@]AX@O]DI@ONA YYYY YY YYYY YYYY YYYY YYYY YY
]XO@[JIXLO]AQX[ ]XO@[JIXLO]AQX [ MA VQD[[O@KA ‛ Vortda 88-57 ]ro`sjirlotaur ma pudsso`ka at hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka ‛ Okkassidras at äqudpala`ts OZO@] OZO @]-VXI VXIVI VI[ [ ?) No Killdssdi` Anaktritakb`dqua Anaktritakb`dqua D`tar`otd D`tar`otdi`ona i`ona (DAK) ast u`a ireo`dsotd ireo`dsotdi` i` li`mdona ma `irlondsotdi` `irlondsotdi` kilpisäa ma n'a`salhna mas kildtäs änaktritakb`dquas `otdi`oux (Kildtäs `otdi`oux ma n'DAK). N'DAK o piur ihgat ma jovirdsar no kiipärotdi` d`tar`otdi`ona piur tiutas nas quastdi`s ma `irlondsotdi` mo`s nas milod`as ma n'änaktrdkdtä at ma n'änaktri`dqua. O kat ajjat, n'DAK ‛ a`tra outras oktdvdtäs ‛ puhnda mas @irlas d`tar`otdi`onas, mas [päkdjdkotdi`s takb`dquas, takb`dquas, mas Xoppirts takb`dquas, mas [päkdjdkotdi`s [päkdjdkotdi`s okkassdhnas ou puhndk (VO[) at mas Eudmas (kd-oprâs mä`illäs "Vuhndkotdi`(s) ma n'DAK"). Naur änohirotdi` ast ki`jdäa æ mas kildtäs m'ätumas, oux trovoux masquans tiut Kildtä `otdi`on d`tärassä por na sugat trodtä paut portdkdpar. Nas ireo`dsotdi`s d`tar`otdi`onas, eiuvar`ala`tonas at `i` eiuvar`ala`tonas, a` ndodsi` ovak n'DAK, portdkdpa`t äeonala`t oux trovoux. N'DAK kinnohira ätridtala`t ovak n'Ireo`dsotdi` D`tar`otdi`ona ma @irlondsotdi` (D[I), sani` mas ki`mdtdi`s jdxäas por okkirm a`tra nas maux ireo`dsotdi`s. 8) Nas mäkdsdi`s iu okkirms okkirms ijjdkdans ma n'n'DAK DAK ki`kar`o`t nas quastdi`s takb`dquas takb`dquas rapräsa`ta`t, mo` mo`ss no lasura mu pissdhna, u` okkirm d`tar`otdi`on sur nas sugats ätumdäs, äto`t mi``ä qua nas Kildtäs `otdi`oux ma n'DAK d`tärassäs si`t rapräsa`täs mo`s kboqua kildtä m'ätumas. ;) Nas Vuhndkotdi`s ma n'DAK sa präsa`ta`t sius no jirla ma rakillo`motdi`s d`tar`otdi`ona d`tar`otdi`onass at si`t oerääas killa tannas por nas Kildtäs `otdi`oux ma n'DAK. ]ius nas ajjirts rodsi``ohnas si`t a`traprds ojd` qua n'DAK s'ossura ma n'axoktdtuma mu ki`ta`u takb`dqua ma sas puhndkotdi`s3 n'DAK `a paut pos çtra ta`ua raspi`sohna ma n'äva`tuanna louvodsa utdndsotdi` utdndsotdi` iu d`tarprätotdi` qud a` ast jodta p or u` quanki`qua utdndsotaur jd`on. =) Mo`s na hut m'a`kiuroear n'u`djirldtä n'u`djirldtä d`tar`otdi`ona, nas Kildtäs `o `otdi`oux tdi`oux ma n'DAK s'a`eoea`t, mo`s mo`s tiuta no lasura pissdhna, æ oppndquar ma joåi` tro`spora`ta nas Vuhndkotdi`s ma n'DAK mo`s naurs puhndkotdi`s `otdi`on `otdi`onas as at räedi`onas. ]iutas mdvarea`kas a`tra tiutas Vuhndkotdi`s ma n'DAK at tiutas puhndkotdi`s `otdi`onas iu räedi`onas kirraspi`mo`tas midva`t çtra d`mdquäas a` tarlas knodrs mo`s kas mar`dâras. 1) N'DAK anna-lçla `a jiur`dt ouku`a ottastotdi` ma ki`jirldtä. Mas ireo`dslas ireo`dslas ma kartdjdkotdi` d`mäpa`mo`ts jiur`dssa`t mas sarvdkas m'ävonuotdi` ma ki`jirldtä at, mo`s kartod`s saktaurs, okkâma`t oux lorquas ma ki`jirldtä ma n'DAK. N'DAK `'ast raspi`sohna m'ouku` mas sarvdkas ajjaktuäs por nas ireo`dslas ma kartdjdkotdi` d`mäpa`mo`ts. :) ]ius nas utdndsotaurs utdndsotaurs midva`t s'ossurar qu'dns si` si`tt a` pissassdi` ma no mar`dâra ämdtdi` ma katta puhnd puhndkotdi`. kotdi`. 5) Ouku`a raspi`sohdndtä raspi`sohdndtä `a midt çtra dlputäa æ n'DAK, æ sas omld`dstrotaurs, alpniyäs, ouxdndodras ouxdndodras iu lo`motodras, y kilprds sas axparts portdkundars at nas lalhras ma sas kildtäs m'ätumas at mas Kildtäs `otdi`oux ma n'DAK, piur tiut prägumdka kousä a` kos ma milloeas kirpirans at lotärdans, iu ma tiut outra milloea ma quanqua `otura qua ka sidt, mdrakta iu d`mdrakta, iu piur suppirtar nas kióts (y kilprds nas jrods ma gustdka) at nas mäpa`sas mäkiuno`t ma no puhndkotdi` iu ma n'utdndsotdi` ma katta Vuhndkotdi` ma n'DAK iu ma tiuta outra Vuhndkotdi` ma n'DAK, iu ou krämdt qud nud ast okkirmä. 2) N'otta`tdi` ast ottdräa sur nas räjära`kas `irlotdvas `irlotdvas kdtäas mo`s katta puhndkotd puhndkotdi`. i`. N'utdndsotdi` ma puhndkotd puhndkotdi`s i`s räjära`käas ast ihndeotidra piur u`a oppndkotdi` kirrakta ma no präsa`ta puhndkotdi`. 4) N'otta`tdi` ast ottdräa sur na jodt qua kartod`s mas änäla`ts ma no p präsa`ta räsa`ta Vuhndkotdi` ma n'n'DAK DAK pauva`t jodra n'ihgat ma mridts ma hravat. N'DAK `a sourodt çtra ta`ua piur raspi`sohna ma `a pos ovidr dma`tdjdä ma tans mridts ma hravats at ma `a pos ovidr sde`onä naur axdsta`ka.
No @irla d`tar`otdi`ona D AK :665:-88-5 o ätä ätohnda por na kildtä m'ätumas ?= ma n'D AK7 ]ro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka. Na taxta ma katta @irla d`tar`otdi`ona ast dssu mas mikula`ts sudvo`ts7 JMD[
Xoppirt ma vita
?=/?6==/JMD[
?=/?6=2/XZM
Na roppirt ma vita d`mdquä mo`s na tohnaou kd-massus mi``a tiuta d`jirlotdi` sur na vita oyo`t ohiutd æ n'opprihotdi` ma katta @irla d`tar`otdi`ona. Ka mikula`t o ätä rämdeä sani` nas Mdraktdvas D[I/DAK, Vortda 8.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ :4 ‛
Ka mikula`t o ätä rämdeä sani` nas Mdraktdvas D[I/DAK, Vortda 8. Q`a ndsta ma tiutas nas portdas ma no särda DAK :665:, puhndäas sius na tdtra eä`äron ]ro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka , paut çtra ki`suntäa sur na sdta wah ma n'DAK. Na kildtä o mäkdmä qua na ki`ta`u ma k a mikula`t `a saro pos limdjdä ovo`t no mot a ma stohdndtä d`mdquäa sur na sdta wah ma n'DAK sius "bttp7//wahstira.dak.kb" mo`s nas mi``äas ranotdvas ou mikula`t rakbarkbä. O katta mota, na mikula`t saro
•
raki`mudt,
•
supprdlä,
•
ralpnokä por u`a ämdtdi` rävdsäa, iu
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ola`mä.
‛ 56 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]XO@[JIXLO]AQX[ ]XO@[JIXLO]AQX [ MA VQD[[O@KA ‛ Vortda 88-57 ]ro`sjirlotaur ma pudsso`ka at hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka ‛ Okkassidras at äqudpala`ts
?
Milod`a m'oppndkotdi`
No präsa`ta portda ma n'DAK :665:-88 s'oppndqua æ u` kbidx m'okkassidras at m'äqudpala`ts li`täs sur mas tro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka dllareäs mo`s u` ndqudma (ki`jirlas æ n'DAK :665:-?) at mas hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka (ki`jirlas æ n'DAK :665:-:) ovak at so`s ki`sarvotaur piur mas d`stonnotdi`s d`tärdauras iu axtärdauras. Anna präsa`ta nas ki`mdtdi`s ma sarvdka at nas axdea`kas läko`dquas killu`as æ tius nas okkassidras at ti us nas äqudpala`ts. Na präsa`t mikula`t mi``a äeonala`t nas axdea`kas ma ji`ktdi``ala`t späkdjdquas æ kboqua mdspisdtdj at nas mdla`sdi`s präjära`tdannas partd`a`tas piur n'd`tarkbo`eaohdndtä, od`sd qua nas assods ma typa at d`mdvdmuans ma särda æ räondsar. Na präsa`t mikula`t kiuvra u` kbidx axboustdj m'okkassidras at m'äqudpala`ts oktuannala`t utdndsäs sur nas tro`sjirlotaurs at nas hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka.
8
Xäjära`kas `irlotdvas
Nas mikula`ts sudvo`ts si`t kdtäs mo`s na taxta ma sirta qu'dns ki`stdtua`t, piur tiut iu portda ma naur ki`ta`u, mas axdea`kas mu präsa`t mikula`t. Viur nas räjära`kas motäas, sauna n'ämdtdi` kdtäa s'oppndqua. Viur nas räjära`kas `i` motäas, no mar`dâra ämdtdi` mu mikula`t ma räjära`ka s'oppndqua (y kilprds nas äva`tuans ola`mala`ts). DAK :66:2-;-;786?4, Assods m'a`vdri``ala`t ‛ Vortda ;-;7 Mikula`totdi` m'okkilpoe`ala`t at rakillo`motdi`s ‛ Lätbimas m'assods sdsldquas oppndkohnas oux lotärdans
DAK :66:2-;-;7?44?, Assods m'a`vdri``ala`t ‛ Vortda ;-;7 Eudma ‛ Lätbimas m'assods sdsldquas oppndkohnas oux lotärdans
DAK :665:-?, ]ro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka ‛ Vortda ?7 Eä`ärondtäs DAK :665:-5, Viwar tro`sjirlars ‛ Vort 57 Niomd`e eudm a jir ld`aron-i dn-dllarsam piwar tro`sjirlars (mdspi`dhna a` o`enods saunala`t) DAK :684:, Jnudmas piur oppndkotdi`s änaktritakb`dquas ‛ Budnas ld`äronas dsino`tas `auvas piur pi ur tr tro` o`sj sjir irlo lota taur urs s at op oppo pora radndnno noeas eas ma ki`` ki ``ax ax di di` `
DAK :6184, Maeräs ma pritaktdi` prikuräs por nas a`vanippas (Kima DV) DAK :658?-;-=, Knossdjdkotdi` mas ki`mdtdi`s m'a`vdri``ala`t ‛ Vortda ;-=7 Knossdjdkotdi` mas eriupala`ts mas oea`ts m'a`vdri``ala`t at ma naurs sävärdtäs ‛ Qtdndsotdi` æ pista jdxa, `i` pr prit itäe äeä ä k i` i`tr tra a nas d` d`ta talp lpär ärdas das DAK :6811-85, Xanods ma lasura at mdspisdtdjs ma pritaktdi` ‛ Vortda 857 Axdea`kas ma säkurdtä D[I ;:6?-?, ]ro`sldssdi`s bymroundquas at p`aulotdquas ‛ Gid`ts tirdquas ‛ Vortda ?7 Mdolâtras d`tärdaurs, saktdi`s, tinäro`kas at kima m'dma`tdjdkotdi` mdla`sdi``anna
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 5? ‛
D[I 5661-?, Hrdmas ma tuyoutardas ‛ Vortda ?7 Hrdmas a` okdar piur systâlas ma ko`ondsotdi`s d`mustrdannas at m'utdndsotdi` eä`ärona D[I ?84==-:, Vad`turas at var`ds ‛ O`tdkirrisdi` mas strukturas a` okdar por systâlas ma pad`t pa d`t ura ur a ‛ Vo Vort rtda da :7 As Asso sods ds ma pa parj rjir irlo lo`k `ka a a` no nohi hiro roti tidr dra a
;
]arlas at mäjd`dtdi`s
Viur nas hasid`s mu präsa`t mikula`t, nas tarlas at mäjd`dtdi`s sudvo`ts s'oppndqua`t. N'D[I at n'DAK tda``a`t æ giur mas hosas ma mi``äas tarld`iniedquas mastd`äas æ çtr a utdndsäas a` `irlondsotdi`, ki`suntohnas oux omrassas sudvo`tas7 •
DAK Anaktripamdo7 mdspi`dhna æ n'omrassa bttp7//www.anaktripamdo.ire/
•
D[I I`nd`a hriwsd`e pnotjirl7 mdspi`dhna æ n'omrassa bttps7//www.dsi.ire/ihp/ud/jr/ n'omrassa bttps7//www.dsi.ire/ihp/ud/jr/
;.? midet ma eo`t äqudpala`t li`tä sur na kiuvarkna iu no tuyoutarda mu tro`sjirlotaur, ma no hihd`a m'd`mukto`ka iu m'u` kilportdla`t ralpnd ma ndqudma, mastd`ä æ rakavidr u` koptaur tbarldqua piur lasurar no talpärotura mu ndqudma dsino`t ;.8 hir`a ma tarra hir`a pnokäa sur na tro`sjirlotaur, no kuva ma no hihd`a m'd`mukto`ka, no struktura pirto`ta mu rajridmdssaur iu u`a outra portda qu'dn ast `äkassodra ma lattra æ no tarra, at qud ast mastd`äa æ çtra ki``aktäa änaktrdquala`t ou räsaou ma ldsa æ no tarra ;.; hiukbi` ma vdmo`ea mdspisdtdj mastd`ä æ axtrodra na ndqudma dsino`t mas kilportdla`ts æ ralpndssoea ndqudma ;.= purea mdspisdtdj mastd`ä æ ävokuar n'odr iu na eoz pdäeä mo`s no kuva at no tuyoutarda mu tro`sjirlotaur ;.1 eonat mdspisdtdj prävu piur mäpnokar na tro`sjirlotaur mo`s mdjjära`tas mdraktdi`s sur mas rodns
;.: ossäkbaur m'odr mdspisdtdj rando`t no kiukba m'odr a` bout ma no kuva m'u` tro`sjirlotaur dllareä mo`s u` ndqudma æ n'odr axtärdaur ojd` m'ohsirhar n'buldmdtä ma n'odr raspdrä ;.5 vo``a popdnni` mdspisdtdj ki`åu piur dsinar u` kilpiso`t iu u` okkassidra li`tä sur na räsaou ma ndqudma mu tro`sjirlotaur ;.2 hiàta ma rokkirmala`t mdspisdtdj ki`åu piur ossurar mas ki``axdi`s änaktrdquas hossa ta`sdi`, æ jodhna kiuro`t, dsinäas at äto`kbas a`tra n'd`tärdaur at n'axtärdaur m'u` kilportdla`t æ ralpndssoea ndqudma
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DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
;.4 prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` mdspisdtdj parlatto`t ma pränavar mas äkbo`tdnni`s ma ndqudma dsino`t
= =.?
Ki`mdtdi`s ma sarvdka Eä`ärondtäs
Nas ki`mdtdi`s ma sarvdka präsa`täas mo`s n'DAK :665:-?786??, =.8, rapräsa`ta`t na milod`a m'oppndkotdi` `irlon mu ji`ktdi``ala`t mas okkassidras at mas äqudpala`ts späkdjdäs mo`s na präsa`t mikula`t. Viur nas ki`mdtdi`s ma sarvdka d`bohdtuannas axdeao`t u`a prdsa a` ki`sdmärotdi` portdkundâra mo`s no ki`kaptdi` mas mdspisdtdjs at lotärdans, vidr n'DAK :665:-?786??, 1.1. No späkdjdkotdi` mu mdspisdtdj piur u` ji`ktdi``ala`t mo`s ka typa ma ki`mdtdi`s ma sarvdka d`bohdtuannas midt jodra n'ihgat m'u` okkirm a`tra n'okbataur at na johrdko`t.
=.8
Vritaktdi` ki`tra no kirrisdi`
Nas lotärdoux utdndsäs piur no ki`struktdi` mas okkassidras at mas äqudpala`ts iu piur na trodtala`t ma surjoka midva`t räsdstar ou ndqudma dsino`t at çtra omoptäs oux ki`mdtdi`s a`vdri``ala`tonas. [ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, na `dvaou ma räsdsto`ka ld`dlon mas portdas axpisäas æ n'a`v dri``ala`t midt çtra ma knossa K= murohdndtä "Liya``a" ki`jirläla`t æ n'D[I ?84==-:. Nas portdas mastd`äas æ çtra siumäas at nas hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra `a midva`t pos çtra pad`tas. [ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, nas vds axpisäas æ n'a`vdri``ala`t midva`t çtra a` okdar d`ixymohna kilpotdhna ovak no knossa ma räsdsto`ka æ no kirrisdi` K= murohdndtä liya``a.
=.;
Xäsdsto`ka oux ki`mdtdi`s olhdo`tas
Nas lotärdoux utdndsäs piur no ki`struktdi` mas okkassidras at mas äqudpala`ts midva`t räsdstar oux QZ. Nas ja`çtras at viyo`ts `a midva`t pos s'ipokdjdar sur tiuta no muräa ma vda ma n'okkassidra.
=.=
Koroktärdstdquas mu ndqudma dsino`t
Ka Voroeropba =.= ki`kar`a u`dquala`t nas okkassidras at äqudpala`ts a` ki`tokt ovak na ndqudma dsino`t. [ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, na ndqudma dsino`t ast u` ndqudma ld`äron ki`jirla æ n'DAK :684:, at no talpärotura ma ji`ktdi``ala`t midt çtra ki`jirla æ n'DAK :665:-5. [d na ndqudma dsino`t `'ast pos u` ndqudma ld`äron, n'okbataur midt d`mdquar no talpärotura ma ji`ktdi``ala`t.
1
Axdea`kas eä`äronas ranotdvas æ n'ass n'assod od d`mdvdmua d`mdvdmuann ma särda at æ n'assod ma typa
[ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, nas assods midva`t çtra räondsäs æ u`a talpärotura olhdo`ta kilprdsa a`tra ?6 ¶K at =6 ¶K. ]ius nas d`strula`ts ma lasura utdndsäs piur nas assods midva`t çtra ma präkdsdi` troåohna at räeundârala`t ätoni``äs.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
:
‛ 5; ‛
Okkassidra Okkassidrass at äqudpala`ts
:.? :.?.?
Midets ma eo`t Eä`ärondtäs
Na midet ma eo`t midt säporar a` parlo`a`ka na ndqudma dsino`t at na koptaur. Na midet ma eo`t midt çtra ki`åu piur räsdstar æ n'assod sius vdma at sius prassdi` mäjd`d mo`s n'DAK :665 :-?786??, a` ??.2, ??.4, ??.?6 at ??.??, piur nas kuvas mu tro`sjirlotaur. [d na midet ma eo`t `'ast pos utdndsä, n'irdjdka midt çtr a ihturä ojd` m'ävdtar tiuta ki`told`otdi` por n'buldmdtä, no piussdâra at outras portdkunas d`mäsdrohnas. Na midet ma eo`t midt çtra ki`åu piur ävdtar m'çtra a`milloeä iu ävdtar m'a`milloear na mätaktaur ma talpärotura a` rodsi` ma no mdnototdi` tbarldqua mu konipirtaur. Na lotärdou mu midet ma eo`t at na ldndau ma ralpndssoea midva`t präsa`tar u` hi` tro`sjart tbarldqua.
:.?.8
Dma`tdjdkotdi` at pnoqua sde`onätdqua
Ouku` Ouk u`a a axde ax dea` a`ka ka..
:.?.;
Assod
Na midet ma eo`t `'ast pos siulds æ assod d`mdvdmuannala`t, lods killa u` kilpiso`t mu tro`sjirlotaur iu ma no hihd`a m'd`mukto`ka pa`mo`t u` assod ma typa iu u` assod d`mdvdmuan ma särda.
:.?.=
Mdla`sdi`s mas midets ma eo`t
No No Jdeura Jdeura ? at na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou ? mi``a`t nas sinutdi`s präjära`tdannas piur nas midets ma eo`t. Na hiukbi` iu kopukbi` ma pritaktdi` `'ast pos späkdjdä mo`s na präsa`t mikula`t.
‛ 5= ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura ? ‛ Midet ma eo`t ovak jdnatoea jalanna ( æ eoukba) at lèna (æ mridta) ]ohnaou ? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s präjära`tdannas mas midets ma eo`t Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras Midets ma eo`t ovak Jdnatoea jalanna Jdnatoea lèna
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Hir`a ma tarra Eä`ärondtäs
Nas hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra midva`t çtra a` okdar d`ixymohna ma quondtä ;6=N ou lid`s at pisdtdi``äas ou-massus mu `dvaou mu sin. No hir`a midt çtra kbidsda piur räsdstar oux kiuro`ts ma mäjout æ no tarra loxdloux prävdsdhnas. Ovo`t na rokkirmala`t æ no tarra, tius nas ravçtala`ts `i` ki`muktaurs midva`t çtra ratdräs ou `dvaou m as jdnatoeas, mas pid`ts ma ki`tokt at mas surjokas ma ki`tokt. No hir`a midt çtra dma`tdjdäa por no nattra "A" pnokäa sidt sur no hir`a anna-lçla sidt æ prixdldtä ma kanna-kd. Viur konkunar na kiuro`t loxdlon okkaptohna por nas hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra d`mdquäas mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou 8, 8, no no saktdi` ma n'änäla`t ma ldsa æ no tarra ast utdndsäa. Na siumoea sur no kuva ast ki`sdmärä killa präsa`to`t u`a saktdi` ld`dlona äqudvona`ta æ no saktdi` ma no hir`a. Viur no hir`a ma tarra H5, u` kirmi` ma siumura ma 1 ll sur tiuta no kdrki`jära`ka ast prds a` ki`sdmärotdi`. Viur u` änäla`t ma ldsa æ no tarra ma typa eiugi`, no saktdi` räsdsto`ta ast utdndsäa.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 51 ‛
No hir`a midt ossurar no ki`td`udtä änaktrdqua ovak no kuva mu tro`sjirlotaur. Nas lotärdoux at lätbimas ma siumoea piur na rokkirmala`t mas hir`as æ no kuva midva`t piuvidr räsdstar oux talpäroturas loxdlonas d`mdquäas mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou O.? piur kboqua typa ma hir`a so`s kousar ma prägumdka. Nas vonaurs ma kiuro`t loxdlonas mi``äas mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou 8 ki`kar`a`t u`dquala`t no hir`a ma ldsa æ no tarra at so ki``axdi` æ no kuva. Dn ki`vda`t qua nas ki``axdi`s ma no tarra æ no hir`a sida`t omoptäas piur kirraspi`mra æ kas vonaurs. Na Na ]ohnaou ]ohnaou 8 mi``a na kiuro`t ma kiurt-kdrkudt omldssdhna mas hir`as ma tarra. Na ]ohnaou Na ]ohnaou 8 rapisa sur u`a talpärotura d`dtdona ma =6 ¶K, u`a talpärotura jd`ona ma ;66 ¶K at u`a muräa ma kiurt-kdrkudt ma 6,1 s, a` ki`sdmäro`t qua nas pritaktdi`s mu tro`sjirlotaur mäkna`kba`t na kiuro`t pnus týt qua katta vonaur. Nas vonaurs mu mu ]ohnaou 8 i`t ätä ätohndas a` pra`o`t a` ki`sdmärotdi` nas priprdätäs mu lotärdou d`mdquäas mo`s nas iuvroeas ma räjära`ka, od`sd qu'u` äkboujjala`t omdohotdqua. Viur mas d`jirlotdi`s suppnäla`todras, vidr n'O``axa n 'O``axa O. O.
:.8.8
Mdla`sdi`s mas mdjjära`tas hir`as ma tarra
Nas Jdeuras ma no Jdeura no Jdeura 8 æ no Jdeura no Jdeura 2 präsa`ta`t nas sinutdi`s präjära`tdannas. Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura 8 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H? Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura ; ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H8
‛ 5: ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura = ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H; Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura 1 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H= Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura : ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H1
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 55 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura 5 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H: Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura 2 ‛ Hir`a ma tarra ma typa H5
‛ 52 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ohnaou 8 ‛ Kiuro`t loxdlon piur nas hir`as ma tarra ]ypa ma hir`a ma tarra
:.; :.;.?
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Hiukbi` ma vdmo`ea Eä`ärondtäs
Nas hiukbi`s ma vdmo`ea si`t utdndsäs sur tius nas kilportdla`ts ralpnds ma ndqudma dsino`t piur vdmo`ear kilpnâtala`t na ndqudma qu'dns ki`tda``a`t. Dns midva`t çtra pnokäs mo`s no portda no pnus hossa mu kilportdla`t. Dns `a midva`t pos judr a` ji`ktdi``ala`t.
:.;.8
Lotärdoux
Nas portdas siumäas midva`t çtra a` okdar ou korhi`a, nas vds at portdas vdssäas midva`t çtra a` nodti` iu a` okdar d`ixymohna, at nas kopukbi`s ma pritaktdi` midva`t çtra a` läton.
:.;.;
Mdla`sdi`s mas mdjjära`ts mdspisdtdjs
Nas jdeuras ma no Jdeura 4 æ no Jdeura no Jdeura ?? präsa`ta`t nas sinutdi`s präjära`tdannas æ kbidsdr a` ji`ktdi` mu vinula ma ndqudma æ vdmo`ear. Na ]ohnaou Na ]ohnaou ; d`mdqua nas mdla`sdi`s mas hiukbi`s ma vdmo`ea präsa`täs æ no Jdeura no Jdeura ?6. ?6. Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura 4 ‛ Hiukbi` ma vdmo`ea ma t ypa K? (hiuni``ä)
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 54 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura ?6 ‛ Hiukbi` ma vdmo`ea ma typa K8 ]ohnaou ; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mu hiukbi` ma v dmo`ea ma typa K8 Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
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‛ 26 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
Jdeura ?? ‛ Mdspisdtdj ma vdmo`ea ma typa K; :.= :.=.?
Vurea at mdspisdtdj ma vdmo`ea mu ndqudma Eä`ärondtäs
Nas pureas si`t utdndsäas sur nas kilportdla`ts ralpnds ma ndqudma dsino`t piur ävokuar n'odr iu na eoz qu'annas ki`tda``a`t. [d annas si`t utdndsäas killa tannas, annas midva`t çtra pnokäas mo`s no portda no pnus bouta mu kilportdla`t. Nas mdspisdtdjs ma vdmo`ea si`t utdndsäs sur nas kilportdla`ts ralpnds ma ndqudma dsino`t piur vdmo`ear ma patdtas quo`tdtäs ma ndqudma. ['dns si`t utdndsäs killa hiukbi`s ma vdmo`ea, dns midva`t çtra pnokäs mo`s no portda no pnus hossa mu kilportdla`t. Nas pureas at mdspisdtdjs ma vdmo`ea mu ndqudma `a midva`t pos judr a` ji`ktdi``ala`t.
:.=.8
Lotärdoux
Nas portdas siumäas midva`t çtra a` okdar ou korhi`a, nas vds at portdas vdssäas midva`t çtra a` nodti` iu a` okdar d`ixymohna, at nas kopukbi`s ma pritaktdi` midva`t çtra a` läton.
:.=.;
Mdla`sdi`s mas mdjjära`ts mdspisdtdjs
No No Jdeura Jdeura ?8 präsa`ta no sinutdi` präjära`tdanna æ kbidsdr a` ji`kt di` mu vinula ma eoz æ ävokuar iu mu vinula m'budna æ vdmo`ear.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 2? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
]ypa M? (L:)
]ypa M8 (L?8)
Jdeura ?8 ‛ Vurea m'odr at vdmo`ea ma ndqudma ma typa M? (L:) at M 8 (L?8) :.1
Eonats at a`salhna ma eonats ‛ Axdea`kas eä`äronas
Kboqua a`salhna ma eonats midt çtra a` lasura ma sa mäpnokar mo`s ou lid`s maux mdraktdi`s parpa`mdkunodras at piuvidr çtra säkurdsä mo`s no pisdtdi` kbidsda. Kboqua a`salhna ma eonats midt çtra ki`åu piur rakavidr u` mdspisdtdj ma hnikoea mas eonats ovak mas konas. Kboqua a`salhna ma eonats midt piuvidr suppirtar ?86 % ma no kborea loxdlona æ noquanna dn ast ola`ä æ çtra siulds nirsqua na tro`sjirlotaur ast titonala`t ralpnd ma ndqudma at stotdi``odra. Viur no muräa ma vda prävua mu tro`sjirlotaur, n'a`salhna ma eonats `a midt präsa`tar ouku` sde`a ma mäjirlotdi` suskaptdhna ma eç`ar no ritotdi` `irlona mu eonat at midt riunar ndhrala`t, lçla oprâs u`a ni`eua pärdima m'dllihdndtä. Viur no muräa ma vda prävua mu tro`sjirlotaur, n'a`salhna ma eonats `a midt pos mäjirlar na rodn sur naquan dn ast li`tä, to`t ou rapis qu'a` mäpnokala`t sur na rodn. Viur mas d`jirlotdi`s suppnäla`todras, vidr n'O``axa n 'O``axa H. H.
:.: :.:.?
Ossäkbaurs m'odr Eä`ärondtäs
Ka mdspisdtdj o piur ji`ktdi` m'ohsirhar n'buldmdtä ma n'odr, raspdrä æ n'd`tär daur m'u` kilportdla`t ralpnd ma ndqudma mas tro`sjirlotaurs at hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka dllareäs mo`s u` ndqudma, a` rodsi` ma no ki`troktdi` tbarldqua mu ndqudma. Na präsa`t mikula`t `a pra`m a` ki`sdmärotdi` qua nas ossäkbaurs ohsirho`t n'buldmdtä ma n'odr æ n'odma m'u` oea`t mäsbymroto`t. Va`mo`t na ji`ktdi``ala`t, n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t ohsirha n'buldmdtä gusqu'æ soturotdi`.
‛ 28 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Nas ossäkbaurs pauva`t çtra ma typa ki`va`tdi``an æ ralpnokala`t lo`uan iu outiräeä`äro`t.
:.:.8 :.:.8.?
Axdea`kas killu`as Eä`ärondtäs
Kas axdea`kas s'oppndqua`t oux maux typas m'ossäkbaurs, ki`va`tdi``an æ ralpnokala`t lo`uan iu outiräeä`äro`t.
:.:.8.8
Oea`t mäsbymroto`t
N'oea`t mäsbymroto`t midt çtra axalpt ma portdkunas ma piussdâra, äto`t mi``ä qu'annas pauva`t ovidr u` dlpokt sur nas parjirlo`kas ma n'ossäkbaur.
:.:.8.;
Mdspisdtdi` ma li`toea
N'ossäkbaur ast a` prd`kdpa li`tä a` pisdtdi` vartdkona, at jokdna æ ottad`mra mapuds na `dvaou mu sin piur nas ipärotdi`s m'a`tratda` at na ralpnokala`t ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t, sd `äkassodra.
:.:.; :.:.;.?
Axdea`kas suppnäla`todras ranotdvas oux typas ki`va`tdi``an æ ralpnokala`t lo`uan Oea`t mäsbymroto`t
N'oea`t mäsbymroto`t midt mi``ar u`a d`mdkotdi` vdsuanna ma so soturotdi` at midt präsa`tar u`a ero`unilätrda kilprdsa a`tra 8 ll at 5 ll. @I]A N'oea`t mäsb mäsbymroto`t ymroto`t na pnus siuva`t utdndsä utdndsä ast na ean ean ma sdndka. sdndka.
:.:.;.8
Krdtâras ma sänaktdi`
Na kbidx ma no todnna ma n'ossäkbaur mäpa`m mu vinula ma ndqudma dsino`t mo`s nas kil portdla`ts mu tro`sjirlotaur, mu kiajjdkda`t ma mdnototdi` mu ndqudma, mas ki`mdtdi`s kndlotdquas (buldmdtä ranotdva at vordotdi` ma talpärotura) mu sdta sur naquan na tro`sjirlotaur ast d`stonnä, mas ki`mdtdi`s m'axpnidtotdi` (jräqua`ka at vdtassa ma no vordotdi` ma kborea) at ma n'd`tarvonna m'a`tratda` prävu. Na kbidx mu typa ma gid`t m'äto`kbädtä ma n'ossäkbaur jodt n'ihgat m'u` okkirm a`tra n'okbataur at na jiur`dssaur. Na gid`t m'äto`kbädtä midt çtra kbidsd a` pra`o`t a` ki`sdmärotdi` na mähdt m'odr loxdlon prävu a` sarvdka. Zidr n'O``axa n'O``axa K piur mas krdtâras ma sänaktdi` mätodnnäs.
:.:.;.;
Kilpiso`ts ma n'ossäkbaur
No ki`kaptdi` at n'ossalhnoea ma n'ossäkbaur at ma sas kilpiso`ts midva`t jokdndtar na ralpnokala`t ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t. A` prd`kdpa, n'ossäkbaur kilpirta nas kilpiso`ts sudvo`ts7
•
Ki`ta`aur ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t No portda ka`trona ma n'ossäkbaur, dkd oppanäa "ki`ta`aur", midt parlattra u` ki`trýna vdsuan ma no präsa`ka ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t æ n'd`tärdaur at ma si` ätot ma soturotdi`. Anna paut çtra jiur`da ovak u`a a`vanippa lätonndqua axtar`a ossuro`t no pritaktdi` l äko`dqua ki`tra nas kbiks at, a` kilpnäla`t, u` äkro` ki`tra na royi``ala`t sinodra mdrakt qud paut ovidr u` dlpokt sur n'ajjdkokdtä ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t.
•
Hrdmas ma li`toea supärdauras Na bout mu ki`ta`aur midt çtra lu`d m'u` kiuvarkna ovak u`a hrdma ma li`toea parlatto`t ma jdxar n'ossäkbaur ou tuyou ma ldsa æ n'odr mu kilportdla`t ralpnd ma ndqudma. N o hrdma midt çtra ki`jirla æ no Jdeura no Jdeura ?; at ou ]ohnaou ou ]ohnaou =. =.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 •
‛ 2; ‛
Ji`m ovak pritaktdi` N'ossäkbaur midt çtra ki`åu ma lo`dâra æ `a pos axpisar n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t æ n'otlispbâra a` n'ohsa`ka ma mähdt m'odr. Vor ki`säqua`t, na ji`m ma n'axträldtä d`järdaura mu ki`ta`aur midt kilpra`mra u` mdspisdtdj bymroundqua iu läko`dqua, parlatto`t æ n'odr ma kdrkunar mo`s nas maux sa`s (a`träa at sirtda) a` präsa`ka m'u` mdjjära`tdan ma prassdi` a`tra n'd`tärdaur at n'axtärdaur mu kilportdla`t. A` kos m'ospdrotdi` m'odr, n'odr midt u`dquala`t a`trar mo`s n'ossäkbaur a` posso`t por no pritaktdi`7 ‛ Gi Gid` d`tt bymr by mrou oundq ndqua ua
‛
:.:.;.=
Na ji`m midt çtra ralpnd mu lçla ndqudma qua na tro`sjirlotaur, na `dvaou ma ralpndssoea mavo`t çtra lorquä at na `dvaou ma ndqudma knodrala`t vdsdhna. Na gid`t bymroundqua midt çtra ki`åu piur ävdtar qua na ndqudma æ n'd`tärdaur mu ji`m `a sidt sdpbi``ä æ n'd`tärdaur mu ki`ta`aur iu axpunsä ma no pritaktdi` ovak na mähdt m'odr ld`dlon präkdsä mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou =. =. Gi Gid` d`tt läko lä ko`d `dqu qua a Anna ast kilpisäa m'u`a vonva hdmdraktdi``anna. N' odr possa ndhrala`t mo`s nas maux sa`s (a`träa at sirtda) æ trovars katta siupopa, ka qud parlat æ n'odr ma kdrkunar nirsqua na kilportdla`t raspdra. No vonva midt pritäear n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t a` n'ohsa`ka ma mähdt m'odr.
Vnoqua sde`onätdqua
No pnoqua sde`onätdqua midt ki`ta`dr nas d`jirlotdi`s sudvo`tas7 •
`il iu niei mu jiur`dssaur3
•
poys at ndau ma johrdkotdi`3
•
`uläri mu präsa`t mikula`t3
•
dma`tdjdkotdi` mu johrdko`t at/iu `uläri ma särda mu johrdko`t mu mdspisdtdj piur parlattra u`a dma`tdjdkotdi` kilpnâta mu mdspisdtdj.
:.:.;.1
Hrdmas ma rokkirmala`t
Jdeura ?; ‛ Hrdmas ma rokkirmala`t ma n'ossäkbaur :.:.;.:
Mdla`sdi`s birs-tiut
Zidr na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou = piur nas mdla`sdi`s ma no Jdeura no Jdeura ?=. ?=.
‛ 2= ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura ?= ‛ Mdla`sdi`s birs-tiut ]ohnaou = ‛ Knossas ma todnnas bohdtuannas mas ossäkbaurs Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras Knossa _uo`tdtäh m'oea`t ma o todnna ce
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:.:.;.5.? :.:.;.5.?.?
Assods Ndsta mas assods Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda
Ouku` Ouk u` asso as sodd d`m dv dvdmu dmu an ma särd sä rda a axd axdeä eä..
:.:.;.5.?.8
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Assods ma typa
Assod ma mähdt piur na gid`t bymroundqua (:.:.;.5.8.?)3 (:.:.;.5.8.?) 3
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 •
‛ 21 ‛
Assod ma prassdi` piur na gid`t läko`dqua (:.:.;.5.8.8). (:.:.;.5.8.8) .
:.:.;.5.8
Assod ma typa
:.:.;.5.8.?
Assod ma mähdt piur na gid`t bymroundqua
Oue la`t Ouela `tar ar na mä mähd hdtt m'od m' odrr ma zäri zä ri æ no vona vo naur ur ma mä mähdt hdt m' m'odr odr ld ld`d `dlo lonn d` d`md mdqu quäa äa ou ou ]ohnaou ]ohnaou = a` ; ld`, lod`ta`dr no vonaur m'assod pa`mo`t 1 ld`, rämudra na mähdt m'odr ma no vonaur m'assod æ zäri a` ; ld`. Viur nas maux ji`ktdi``ala`ts a` d`spdrotdi` at a` axpdrotdi`. Ouku` ndqudma `a midt çtra sdpbi``ä æ n'd`tärdaur ki`ta`aur `d æaxpunsä mu gid`t. N'assod midt çtra ld`dlona räondsä æ ma no talpärotura olhdo`ta ovak u`amu budna ki`jirla n'DAK :684: at u`a talpärotura mälorroea a` pudsso`ka (NK[A] ‛ niwast kinm stort a`aredzd`e talparotura) ma ∘ ;6 ¶K.
:.:.;.5.8.8
Assod ma prassdi` piur na gid`t läko`dqua
N'a`salhna ma gid`t läko`dqua midt jodra n'ihgat m'u` assod ma prassdi` mo`s nas maux sa`s por mas liya`s vdsdhnas omoptäs ojd` ma mätaktar n'iuvartura mu gid`t läko`dqua. Ouela`tar na`tala`t no prassdi` m'odr æ portdr ma zäri gusqu'æ no mätaktdi` mu ji`ktdi``ala`t mu gid`t läko`dqua.
:.:.= :.:.=.?
Ospakts suppnäla`todras ranotdjs oux typas outiräeä`äro`ts Axdea`kas ji`ktdi``annas
Viur no muräa ma vda späkdjdäa ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t, n'ossäkbaur outiräeä`äro`t midt ondla`tar na kilportdla`t a` odr sak. Æ tiut lila`t pa`mo`t na ji`ktdi``ala`t, n'ossäkbaur outiräeä`äro`t midt parlattra ou kilportdla`t m'd`spdrar at m'axpdrar ma n'odr killa axdeä. Ou lid`s li d`s u` ki ki`t `tokt okt sde` sd e`on ono` o`tt no mä mäjo jodndnno` no`ka ka mu sy syst stâl âla a mi midtdt çt çtra ra ji jiur ur`d `d..
:.:.=.8
Vrikassus ma räeä`ärotdi`
Okt uanna Oktua nna la`t la `t,, na pr prik ikas assu suss ma räeä rä eä`ä `äro rotdtdi` i` ast as t mäkna mä kna `k `kbä bä sa sani ni` ` ma maux ux pr prd` d`kd kdpas pas mdj mdjjä jära ra`t `ts7 s7 a` ji`ktdi` mas ki`mdtdi`s iu a` ji`ktdi` mu talps. •
Vrikassus ma räeä`ärotdi` a` ji`ktdi` mu talps Na mdspisdtdj mäkna`kba outilotdquala`t na prikassus ma räeä`ärotdi` ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t æ u` d`tarvonna ma talps porolätrohna iu por u`a killo`ma d`tanndea`ta mu mdspisdtdj qud jdxa n'd`tarvonna ma talps a` ji`ktdi` ma no takb`inieda utdndsäa. Nas maux d`tarvonnas ma talps si`t ätohnds a` ji`ktdi` ma no todnna ma n'ossäkbaur, mas ki`mdtdi`s olhdo`tas at m'axpnidtotdi` mu kilportdla`t at ma n'ajjdkokdtä mu prikassus ma räeä`ärotdi`.
•
Vrikassus ma räeä`ärotdi` a` ji`ktdi` mas ki`mdtdi`s Na mdspisdtdj mäkna`kba outilotdquala`t na prikassus ma räeä`ärotdi` mâs qua n'oea`t ma mäsbymrototdi` ottad`t u` kartod` `dvaou ma soturotdi` iu qua n'buldmdtä ranotdva ma n'odr ossäkbä mäpossa u` kartod` saudn. N'd`tarvonna a`tra kboqua prikassus ma räeä`ärotdi` ast mdktä por nas ki`mdtdi`s m'axpnidtotdi`.
:.:.=.;
Krdtâras ma sänaktdi`
Na kbidx ma n'ossäkbaur mäpa`m mu vinula ma ndqudma mo`s na kilportdla`t, mu kiajjdkda`t ma mdnototdi` mu ndqudma, mas ki`mdtdi`s kndlotdquas (buldmdtä ranotdva at vordotdi` ma talpärotura) mu sdta sur naquan na tro`sjirlotaur ast d`stonnä at mas ki`mdtdi`s m'axpnidtotdi` (jräqua`ka at vdtassa ma no vordotdi` ma kborea). Na kbidx ma n'ossäkbaur midt äeonala`t mäpa`mra mas priprdätäs ma ji`kt di``ala`t ma sakiurs axdeäas, ka qud sde`djda no kopokdtä ma mäsbuldmdjdkotdi` birs ta`sdi`. No pärdima ma räsdnda`ka birs ta`sdi` midt çtra kbidsda a` ji`ktdi` mas axdea`kas ma n'ipärotaur.
‛ 2: ‛
:.:.=.=
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Kilpiso`ts ma n'ossäkbaur
A` prd`kdpa, n'ossäkbaur kilpirta nas kilpiso`ts sudvo`ts7 •
ki`ta`aur ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t3
•
hrdma ma li`toea supärdaura3 Viur ossurar n'd`tarkbo`eaohdndtä, dn ki`vda`t qua no ki`kaptdi` ma no hrdma supärdaura raspakta nas mdla`sdi`s mas hrdmas d`mdquäas mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou =3 =3
•
systâla ma killo`ma piur eärar na ji`ktdi``ala`t3 • hiàta æ hir`a m'ondla`totdi`, onorlas at killu`dkotdi`.
:.:.=.1
Vnoqua sde`onätdqua
No pnoqua sde`onätdqua midt ki`ta`dr nas d`jirlotdi`s sudvo`tas7 •
`il iu niei mu jiur`dssaur3
•
poys at ndau ma johrdkotdi`3
•
`uläri mu präsa`t mikula`t3
•
dma`tdjdkotdi` mu johrdko`t mu mdspisdtdj3
•
`uläri ma särda mu johrdko`t3
•
o``äa ma johrdkotdi`3
• •
pnoea ma ta`sdi`s m'ondla`totdi` at ki`sillotdi` m'ä`areda3 knossa ma räsdsto`ka sdsldqua, na kos äkbäo`t.
:.:.=.:
Xäsdsto`ka oux vdhrotdi`s
N'ossäkbaur midt räsdstar so`s parta ma ji`ktdi``ondtä7 •
æ mas vdhrotdi`s `i` stotdi``odras priviquo`t u` kbik vartdkon ma ?66 l/s8 , ovak u` spaktra ma typa ? ki`jirläla`t æ n'DAK :658?-;-=3
•
æ u`a knossa ma vdhrotdi`s sd`usiémonas stotdi``odras =L= sani` n'DAK :658?-;-=. Mo`s na komra m'u` okkirm a`tra n'okbataur at na jiur`dssaur, no knossa =L: paut äeonala`t çtra späkdjdäa.
:.:.=.5
Axdea`kas sdsldquas
[d n'okkassidra iu n‒äqudpala`t ast späkdjdä ovak u`a axdea`ka ma ta`ua sdsldqua so`s qua nas vonaurs m'okkänärotdi` `a sida`t d`mdquäas, na `dvaou ma parjirlo`ka midt çtra kbidsd sani` n'DAK :66:2-;-; killa sudt7 •
knossdjdkotdi`7 krdtâra 6 (vidr n'DAK :66:2-;-;786?4, =.=)3
•
`dvaou ma parjirlo`ka DD (vidr n'DAK :66:2-;-;7?44?, 5.?. Q`a jräqua`ka ma mähut ma 8 Bz ast okkaptohna).
:.:.=.2
Maerä ma pritaktdi`
[ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, na maerä ma pritaktdi` ma no hiàta æ hir`as at mu hidtdar ma killo`ma a` d`stonnotdi` axtärdaura midt çtra ou lid`s DV 1= ki`jirläla`t æ n'DAK :6184.
:.:.=.4
Hiàta æ hir`as
Q`a hiàta æ hir`as midt çtra jiur`da pi ur rokkirmar n'ondla`totdi`, nas ki`tokts at nas hir` as ma killu`dkotdi` mu mdspisdtdj. Anna midt äeonala`t d`knura u` ki`muktaur ma pritaktdi` iu u`a hir`a ma tarra. Na `uläri at na lorquoea mu hir`dar midva`t çtra ki`jirlas ou skbälo ma ki``axdi`.
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‛ 25 ‛
Nas hir`dars ma n'ondla`totdi` at mas ki`tokts midva`t çtra ki`åus ma lo`dâra æ okkaptar mas ki`muktaurs mi`t no saktdi` ast kilprdsa a`tra ?,1 ll 8 at = ll 8 . Ou lid`s li d`s ma maux ux tri us jdna jd natä täss pi piur ur prass pr ass a-ät a- ätiu iupa pass L86 L8 6 Õ ?, ?,1 1 iu L81 L8 1 Õ ?, ?,1 1 mi midv dva` a`tt çtr a pr präv ävus. us. Nas outras mdla`sdi`s ma jdnatoea iu `ilhra m'a`träas ma kèhna ji`t n'ihgat m'u` okkirm a`tra na jiur`dssaur at n'okbataur. Nas prassa-ätiupas si`t jiur`ds æ no malo`ma.
:.:.=.?6
Koroktärdstdquas mas ki`tokts
:.:.=.?6.?
]ypa ma ki`tokt
Nas ki`tokts midva`t çtra ndhras ma pita`tdan. [ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, mas ki`tokts d`varsaurs midva`t çtra jiur`ds.
:.:.=.?6.8
Varjirlo`kas mu ki`tokt ma mäjout
Nas ki`tokts midva`t präsa`tar u` kiuro`t ossde`ä ld`dlon ma 8 O a` vonaur ajjdkoka at u` kiuro`t ma kiurta ma muräa ma ?6 O a` vonaur ajj dkoka pa`mo`t ;6 ls, at midva`t sotdsjodra oux vonaurs ma piuvidr ma jarlatura at ma kiupura d`mdquäas ou ]ohnaou 1. 1.
]ohnaou 1 ‛ Viuvidr ma jarlatura at ma kiupura ‛ Ossäkbaur outiräeä`äro`t ]a`sdi`
Ki`tokts d`varsaurs Viuvidr ma jarlatura
Viuvidr ma kiupura
8= Z kiuro`t ki`td`u æ 886 Z kiuro`t ki`td`u
?;6 U
N/X > =6 ls
81 U
N/X > =6 ls
8;6 Z kiuro`t ontar`otdj
816 ZO
kis ϑ 0 6,1
:6 ZO
kis ϑ 0 6,1
M'outras vonaurs pauva`t jodra n'ihgat m'u` okkirm a`tra n'okbataur at na jiur`dssaur. No muräa ma vda ld`dlona mu ki`tokt midt çtra ma ? 666 lo`śuvras.
:.:.=.?6.;
Varjirlo`kas m'outras ki`tokts
Nas parjirlo`kas m'outras ki`tokts midva`t jodra n'ihgat m'u` okkirm a`tra n'okbataur at na jiur`dssaur.
:.:.=.?6.= Xdedmdtä mdänaktrdqua (ki`jirläla`t æ n'DAK :6811-85) No rdedmdtä mdänaktrdqua ld`dlona ast mi``äa mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou : at na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou 5. 5. ]ohnaou : ‛ Xdedmdtä mdänaktrdqua mas ki`tokts ‛ Jräqua`ka d`mustrdanna ]a`sdi` ma ta`ua æ jräqua`ka d`mustrdanna ma kiurta muräa ? ld` cZ (a` vonaur ajjdkoka) ajjdkoka)
A`tra nas kdrkudts at no tarra
8
A`tra nas ki`tokts a` pisdtdi` iuvarta
?
‛ 22 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ohnaou 5 ‛ Xdedmdtä mdänaktrdqua mas ki`tokts ‛ Kbik ma jiumra ]a`sdi` ma ta`ua oux kbiks ma jiumra cZ (krçta) (krçta) A`tra nas kdrkudts at no tarra
=
A`tra nas ki`tokts a` pisdtdi` iuvarta
;
:.:.1 Assods :.:.1.? Ndsta mas assods :.:.1.?.?
Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda
•
Assods m'dsinala`t3
•
Assod ji`ktdi``an.
:.:.1.?.8
Assods ma typa
•
Assod ma parjirlo`ka3
•
Assod m'a`muro`ka.
:.:.1.8 :.:.1.8.?
Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda Assods m'dsinala`t
Na johrdko`t midt prikämar æ u` assod ma ta`sdi` ma ta`ua æ jräqua`ka d`mustrdanna ma kiurta muräa (:6 s) a`tra tius nas kdrkudts a`salhna at no tarra. No ta`sdi` m'assod ast d`mdquäa ou ]ohnaou ou ]ohnaou :. :.
:.:.1.8.8
Assod ji`ktdi``an
Na johrdko`t midt mi``ar no prauva qua na mdspisdtdj ast titonala`t ipärotdi``an.
:.:.1.; :.:.1.;.?
Assod ma typa Assod ma parjirlo`ka
Kat assod o piur ihgat ma värdjdar nas parjirlo`kas mu mdspisdtdj. N'assod midt çtra räondsä ovak u` lotärdan piuvo`t jirkar u` mähdt m'odr späkdjdqua æ u`a buldmdtä ranotdva mi``äa mo`s na mdspisdtdj, at lasurar n'buldmdtä ranotdva æ no sirtda mu mdspisdtdj. Ova k u` Ovak u`a a bu buld ldmd mdtä tä rano ra notdtdva va ma n'od n' odrr æ n'a` n' a`tr träa äa ma 16 % æ 86 ¶K at u` mä mähd hdtt m' m'od odrr ma 6, 6,8 8 ml ; /s æ 86 ¶K, n'buldmdtä ranotdva loxdlona æ no sirtda ovo`t na mähut ma no räeä`ärotdi` midt çtra d`järdaura æ 86 %.
:.:.1.;.8
Assod m'a`muro`ka
Kat assod o piur ihgat ma värdjdar n'optdtuma ma n'a`salhna mu mdspisdtdj æ räsdstar æ ou lid`s ?66 kyknas ma räeä`ärotdi`. N'assod midt çtra räondsä ovak u` lotärdan piuvo`t jirkar u` mähdt m'odr späkdjdqua æ u`a buldmdtä ranotdva mi``äa mo`s na mdspisdtdj. N'buldmdtä ranotdva æ n'a`träa at no vonaur ma mähdt m'odr s i`t späkdjdäas por na johrdko`t. Viur nas mdspisdtdjs utdndso`t u` prikassus ma räeä`ärotdi` a` ji`ktdi` mas ki`mdtdi`s, na prikassus midt çtra mäkna`kbä por na mdspisdtdj. Viur nas mdspisdtdjs utdndso`t u` prikassus ma räeä`ärotdi` a`
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‛ 24 ‛
ji`ktdi` mu talps, na nops ma talps midt çtra mäjd`d ma sirta q ua n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t sidt soturä ovo`t na mähut ma no räeä`ärotdi`. Æ n'd n 'dss ssua ua mu `i `ilh lhra ra ma ky kykn knas as späk sp äkdjdjdä, dä, n'ass n' ass od ma par ji jirl rlo` o`ka ka mi midtdt çtr a rä räpä pätä tä ov ovak ak su sukk kkâs âs.. Nas assods räondsäs sur u` typa pauva`t çtra ki`sdmäräs killa äto`t vonohnas piur m'outras typas ma lçla ki`kaptdi`.
:.5 Zo``as popdnni` :.5.? Eä`ärondtäs Na poroeropba :.5 poroeropba :.5 mäjd`dt nas mdla`sdi`s birs-tiut eä`äronas at kartod`as koroktärdstdquas ji`ktdi``annas at ma johrdkotdi` mas vo``as popdnni` utdndsäas sur nas tuyoutardas mo `s nasquannas kdrkuna na ndqudma dsino`t mas tro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka iu mas hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka, ojd` m'dsinar nas kilpiso`ts so`s ratdrar no titondtä iu u`a ero`ma portda mu ndqudma dsino`t mu ki`sarvotaur at ma no kuva. No hrdma mas vo``as popdnni` midt kilpirtar mas eireas piur gid`ts tirdquas mas maux kýtäs. Katta ki`kaptdi` ast omoptäa æ u`a utdndsotdi` ovak mas hrdmas m a rokkirmala`t mi`t no surjoka ast usd`äa. Ma lçla, no pad`tura `a midt kilpirtar ouku`a prituhäro`ka piuvo`t eç`ar na li`toea. Mo`s na komra m'u` okkirm portdkundar a`tra na jiur`dssaur at n'okbataur, mas vo``as æ hrdmas æ joka ma gid`t pnota pauva`t çtra jiur`das.
:.5.8 :.5.8.?
Axdea`kas at koroktärdstdquas Maskrdptdi`
Nas prd`kdpoux kilpiso`ts m'u`a vo``a popdnni` si`t7 •
na "kirps-hrdmas", qud parlat ma li`tar na tuyou sani` n'u`a mas mdspisdtdi`s m'ossalhnoea d`mdquäas a` :.5.=.8. a` :.5.=.8. Na possoea ndhra mo`s na kirps mi``a no mdla`sdi` `ild`ona ma no vo``a, mi`t dn ki`vda`t ma präjära`ka qu'anna sidt mo`s nas ndldtas ma no pnoea d`mdquäa mo`s na na ]ohnaou M.?, M.?, na ]ohnaou M.8, M.8, na na ]ohnaou M.;, M.;, na ]ohnaou M.= at na na ]ohnaou M.1 ma n'O``axa M. M. Æ n'axkaptdi` mas vo` `as ma mdolâtra `ild`on ma 26 ll, qud pauva`t kilpirtar = iu 2 trius, na kirps-hrdmas ast ma mdla`sdi` jdxa V@?6, ki`jirläla`t æ n'D[I 5661-?3
•
na "popdnni`", qud iuvra iu jarla n'irdjdka mu kirps3
•
na "läko`dsla m'a`troà`ala`t", qud parlat n'iuvartura iu no jarlatura mu popdnni` at si` varriudnnoea a` pisdtdi` iuvarta iu jarläa.
:.5.8.8
Koroktärdstdquas ma ji`ktdi``ala`t
Nas vo``as popdnni` si`t mastd`äas æ çtra li`täas sur nas tuyoutardas mo`s tiutas nas pisdtdi`s at tiutas nas irda`totdi`s. Annas midva`t piuvidr räsdstar läko`dquala`t æ u`a surprassdi` ma 866 cVo axarkäa sur na kirps-hrdmas iu sur na popdnni` a` pisdtdi` jarläa, mo`s nas maux sa`s, so`s kilprilattra na ji`ktdi``ala`t mu popdnni`. Dn ki`vda`t qua na gid`t m'äto`kbädtä mu popdnni` `a jossa pos n'ihgat m'u` vdadnndssala`t. Vor ki`säqua`t, u`a ki`kaptdi` läton sur läton ast präjärohna, kor na toux ma judta `a vorda pos sur no muräa ma vda ma no vo``a. Na ji`ktdi``ala`t ma n'iuvartura iu no jarlatura mu popdnni` `a midt çtra räondsä qu'ovak mas knäs. ]iutas nas koroktärdstdquas sa roppirta`t æ mas vo``as mi`t na popdnni` ast a` pisdtdi` titonala`t iuvarta iu titonala`t jarläa.
‛ 46 ‛
:.5.; :.5.;.?
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Kilpiso`ts mas vo``as Lotärdoux
]ius nas kilpiso`ts midva`t çtra a` lotärdou räsdnda`t oux kbiks läko`dquas.
:.5.;.8
Kirps-hrdmas
Na kirps-hrdmas midt çtra a` läton at `a präsa`tar ouku`a pirisdtä `d mäjindotdi` piuvo`t çtra æ n'irded`a ma judtas. Dn ast mas kirps a`mas okdar jireä iu masmidt kirps mo`s mas týnas m'okdar iu präjärohna mas horras m'utdndsar m'okdar. N'äto`kbädtä kirps liunäs çtramäkiupäs siuldsa æ assod. Q`a eirea ast prävua piur u` gid`t tirdqua sur nas jokas mu kirps-hrdmas a` ki`tokt ovak nas hrdmas ma no tuyoutarda iu mu kilpiso`t æ rokkirmar. Nas mdla`sdi`s rakillo`mäas mas eor`dturas at mas gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä si`t d`mdquäas æ n'O``axa n 'O``axa A. A.
:.5.;.;
Vopdnni`
Na popdnni` midt çtra a` läton at `a präsa`tar ouku`a pirisdtä `d mäjindotdi` ojd` m'ävdtar no ki`told`otdi` por mas portdkunas lätonndquas.
:.5.;.=
Läko`dsla m'a`troà`ala`t
Na läko`dsla m'a`troà`ala`t ki`tda`t tiutas nas portdas qud a`troà`a`t iu siutda``a`t na popdnni`, ossura`t n'äto`kbädtä (y kilprds na kopukbi`, s'dn ast präsa`t) at d`mdqua`t no pisdtdi` ma no vo``a. Na läko`dsla m'a`troà`ala`t midt7 •
çtra kilpnâtala`t d`täerä mo`s n'äpodssaur n'äpodssaur mu kirps-hrdmas gusqu'æ no ndldta mu mdolâtra ma hrdma3
•
ossurar no räsdsto`ka läko`dqua `äkassodra piur piur räsdstar æ no prassdi` m'assod axarkäa sur na popdnni` jarlä. Viur M@ ≡ ?81 ll, na popdnni` midt çtra äeonala`t eudmä sur no portda d`järdaura3
•
d`mdquar no no pisdtdi` mu mu popdnni` ovak mas mas sylhinas `irlondsäs iu por äkrdt3 äkrdt3
•
iuvrdr na popdnni` mo`s na sa`s d`varsa mas odeudnnas m'u`a li`tra at na jarlar mo`s na sa`s mas odeudnnas m'u`a li`tra3
•
çtra titonala`t äto`kba äto`kba æ n'budna vars n'axtärdaur ma no tuyoutarda. Nas eor`dturas mu läko`dsla m'a`troà`ala`t, na kos äkbäo`t, midva`t çtra odsäla`t ralpnokäas a` kos ma mäjodnno`ka iu m'usura3
•
piuvidr räsdstar ou trodtala`t ma präporotdi` ma surjoka ma no kuva mu tro`sjirlotaur, y kilprds na sohnoea at no pad`tura. Kano ast portdkundârala`t dlpirto`t piur nas vo``as ma romdotaur æ lo`kbatta siumäa. Q` mdspisdtdj ma pritaktdi` talpirodra paut çtra utdndsä pa`mo`t ka prikassus3
•
piuvidr çtra säkurdsä a` pisdtdi` iuvarta iu jarläa æ n'odma m'u` koma`os iu m'u` pnilh.
:.5.;.1
Zds
]iutas nas vds axpisäas æ n'otlispbâra midva`t çtra a` okdar d`ixymohna iu a` nodti`.
:.5.= :.5.=.?
Mdspisdtdi`s at mdla`sdi`s ma n'ossalhnoea Mdspisdtdi`s at mdla`sdi`s ihndeotidras
N 'O``axa M präsa`ta nas mdspisdtdi`s m'ossalhnoea at nas mdla`s di`s ma li`toea. N'O``axa N 'O``axa A präsa`ta nas koroktärdstdquas mas gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä at ma naurs pirtäas.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
:.5.=.8
‛ 4? ‛
]ypas m'ossalhnoeas
Nas typas ma vo``as popdnni` mdjjâra`t a` ji`ktdi` ma naur lima m'ossalhnoea sur no tuyoutarda sudvo`t nas mdspisdtdi`s sudvo`tas7 •
Ossalhnoea por siumoea7 mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea sani` no Jdeura no Jdeura M.?. Nas M.?. Nas vo``as pissâma`t mas trius `i` jdnatäs. Æ no n o ma malo lo`m `ma, a, mas ma s vo`` vo ``as as æ triu tr iuss jdnat jd nat äs L?: L? : pa pauv uva` a`tt çt çtra ra ji jiur` ur` das. das .
•
Ossalhnoea a`tra maux hrdmas iu a`tra no no porid ma kuva at no hrdma ‛ kirps æ äpounala`t7 mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea sani` no Jdeura no Jdeura M.; at no Jdeura no Jdeura M.=. Nas M.=. Nas vo``as si`t æ trius `i` jdnatäs.
•
Ossalhnoea a`tra maux hrdmas ‛ kirps pnad`a äpodssaur7 mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea sani` no Jdeura no Jdeura M.5. Nas M.5. Nas vo``as si`t æ trius jdnatäs.
:.5.=.;
Vnoea ma mdolâtras `ild`oux (M@)
Nas mdla`sdi`s ma vo``a popdnni` si`t knossäas por mdolâtra `ild`on (M@). Nas mdolâtras `ild`oux `irlondsäs si`t 81 ll, 16 ll, 26 ll, ?66 ll, ?81 ll, ?16 ll, ?51 ll, 866 ll, 816 ll at ;66 ll. Nas Jdeura M.8, Jdeura M.1, Jdeura M.:, Jdeura M.2 at Jdeura M.4 li`tra`t nas mdla`sdi`s ma li`toea präjära`tdannas.
:.5.=.= :.5.=.=.?
Mdla`sdi`s at typas ma gid`ts, mdla`sdi`s mas pirtäas ma gid`ts Eä`ärondtäs
Nas gid`ts midva`t çtra ki`sdmäräs killa mas portdas jodso`t n'ihgat m'u` vdadnndssala`t. Vor ki`säqua`t, naur ralpnokala`t midt çtra oussd odsä qua pissdhna. Ma pnus, na lotärdou mu gid`t ast na prd`kdpon änäla`t raspi`sohna mu raspakt mas ki`mdtdi`s ma ji`ktdi``ala`t omldsas.
:.5.=.=.8
Gid`ts at lotdâra mas gid`ts
[ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, nas vo``as popdnni` ovak mas hrdmas æ eireas midva`t çtra ndvräas ovak u` a`salhna ma gid`ts tirdquas I-rd`e `irlondsäs a` ko iutkbiuk `dtrdna (@HX). Nas vo``as popdnni` æ pirtäa ma gid`t pnota si`t jiur`das so`s gid`t ma li`toea. [ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, nas eor`dturas d`tärdauras si`t a` koiutkbiuk `dtrdna (@HX). M'outras lotdâras ma gid`t prävuas piur mas ki`mdtdi`s ma ji`ktdi``ala`t birs ma no pnoea prävua piur na koiutkbiuk `dtrdna pauva`t çtra jiur`das mo`s na komra m'u` okkirm a`tra na jiur`dssaur at n'okbataur. Viur ävdtar tiuta ki`jusdi`, nas gid`ts midva`t jodra n'ihgat m'u` kima kiunaur a` ji`ktdi` mu lotärdou.
:.5.=.=.;
Krdtâras ma ki`kaptdi` mas pirtäas ma gid`ts ‛ Kbidx mas gid`ts ma hrdma
Nas krdtâras sudvo`ts midva`t çtra oppndquäs nirs mu kbidx mas gid`ts tirdquas at ma no ki`kaptdi` mas pirtäas ma gid`ts7
•
nas gid`ts tirdquas midva`t çtra ki`jirlas æ n'D[I ;:6?-?3
•
no eirea eirea midt çtra ki`åua piur u`a äto`kbädtä bymroundqua oxdona ovak prassdi` d`tar`a3
•
nas eireas midva`t parlattra m'utdndsar mas hrdmas æ kiundsso`tas `irlondsäas sotdsjodso`t sotdsjodso`t æ n'D[I 5661-?, särda V@ sur no tuy outarda. Kano paut `a pos çtra p issdhna piur nas vo``as ma ]ypa H? at ma ]ypa H83
‛ 48 ‛
•
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
kilpta ta`u ma no jodhna prassdi` ma sarvdka sarvdka at ma no lid`mra pno`ädtä mas hrdmas eä`äronala`t utdndsäas nirs ma no johrdkotdi` mas tro`sjirlotaurs, no vondmdtä mas krdtâras sudvo`ts o ätä mäli`träa a` sarvdka7 ‛ ‛
kil pr pras assd sdi` i` romd ro mdon ona a ma no eo eor` r`dtdtur ura a æ (;; (; ; ¿ 8) % mu mdo lâtr lâ tra a ma tir a3 saktd sak tdi` i` at vinul vi nul a ma no eire ei rea a ma gid` gi d`tt a` a`tr tra a ?8 % at ?5 % su supär pär da daur urss æ no sa sakt ktdi` di` at ou vinula mu gid`t.
N 'O``axa A mätodnna nas mdla`sdi`s `irlondsäas mas eireas ma gid`ts at nas räjära`kas mas gid`ts tirdquas jodra kirraspi`mo`ts. M'outras räjära`kas ma eireas at mdla`sdi`s ma gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä pauva`t n'ihgat m'u` okkirm a`tra na johrdko`t at n'okbataur.
:.5.1 :.5.1.?
Varjirlo`kas Äto`kbädtä ma no vo``a li`täa
Nas vo``as li`täas sur no tuyoutarda, a` ki `mdtdi` `irlona ma ji`ktdi``ala`t, sius prassdi`, a` pisdtdi` iuvarta iu jarläa, `a midva`t präsa`tar ouku`a judta æ n'axtärdaur ma no tuyoutarda. Nirs ma no jarlatura iu ma n'iuvartura ma no vo``a, ma näeâras judtas si`t okkaptäas ou `dvaou ma n'orhra. No vo``a a` pisdtdi` iuvarta midt piuvidr räsdstar æ n'assod ma ta`ua ou vdma eä`äron oppndquä oux tro`sjirlotaurs äqudpäs ma romdotaurs.
:.5.1.8
Äto`kbädtä mu popdnni` (typa läton sur läton)
Q`a judta ast omldsa ou `dvaou ma no vo``a popdnni` jarläa. Na ]ohnaou Na ]ohnaou 2 d`mdqua nas toux ma judtas omlds a` ji`ktdi` mu mdolâtra `ild`on. Nas vonaurs mu ]ohnaou 2 s'oppndqua`t ovak ma n'budna æ 86 ¶K, ?66 cVo at u`a vdskisdtä ma ;6,1 ll 8 /s.
]ohnaou 2 ‛ Zonaur ma judta loxdlona omldssdhna Mdolâtra `ild`on ma no vo``a ll Judta omldsa a` ml ; /b lasuräa a` ? b
:.5.1.;
≭ ?66
0 ?66 æ ≭ ?51
0 ?51
≭ 6,1
≭ ?,6
≭ 8,6
Kiupna ma lo`śuvra
Nas vonaurs maiu kiupna sudvo`tas midva`t çtra jiur`das por na johrdko`t at d`knusas mo`s na lo`uan m'axpnidtotdi` no jdkba takb`dqua7 •
kiupna ma jarlatura ‛ kiupna `äkassodra æ no jarlatura kilpnâta ma no vo``a, mapuds no pisdtdi` iuvarta3
•
kiupna m'iuvartura ‛ kiupna d`dtdon loxdlon `äkassodra æ n'iuvartura ma no vo``a oprâs jarlatura kilpnâta.
:.5.: :.5.:.? :.5.:.?.? •
Assods Ndsta mas assods Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda
Äto`kbädtä mu popdnni` at kiupnas ma ji`ktdi``ala`t.
:.5.:.?.8
Assods ma typa
No ndsta m'assods sudvo`ta `'ast pos mo`s u` quanki`qua irmra portdkundar. •
Äto`kbädtä ma no vo``a li`täa3
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686 •
‛ 4; ‛
[urprassdi` ma sarvdka loxdlona ovak no vo``a popdnni` a` pisdtdi` iuvarta at jarläa.
:.5.:.8
Äto`kbädtä mu popdnni` at kiupnas ma ji`ktdi``ala`t
Kat assod midt çtra räondsä a` prikämo`t æ u` äkbo`tdnni``oea sur kboqua nit ma johrdkotdi`. Na `ilhra m'äkbo`tdnni`s midt çtra mäkdmä at mäknorä por na johrdko`t. No vo``a midt çtra jarläa æ n'odma m'u`a knä my`olilätrdqua sani` nas vonaurs d`mdquäas mo`s no jdkba takb`dqua mu johrdko`t. No vo``a midt a`sudta çtra siuldsa æ u` assod ovak ma n'budna æ 86 ¶K, ma ?66? cVo at u`a ma oux ;6,1 vonaurs k[t. No judta ou `dvaou ma no vo``a popdnni` mo`s sur u`a pärdima b midt çtravdskisdtä d`järdaura omldssdhnas loxdlonas d`mdquäas na ]ohnaou 2. 2. Opr âs n'n'as asso sodd m'ät m' äto` o`kb kbäd ädtä tä,, no vo``a vo ``a mi midtdt çtr a iu iuva vart rta a at na ki kiup upna na d`d d`dtdtdon on loxdl lo xdl on mi midtdt çt çtra ra d`järdaur æ no vonaur d`mdquäa mo`s no jdkba takb`dqua mu johrdko`t.
:.5.:.; :.5.:.;.?
Assod ma typa Äto`kbädtä ma no vo``a li`täa
Kat assod midt çtra räondsä ovak ma n'odr æ u`a prassdi` ma 866 cVo sur no vo``a li`täa sur u` tuyou æ hrdmas m'u` kýtä at ihturäa ma n'outra. Ouku`a judta m'odr `a midt çtra ihsarväa nirsqua tiut n'ossalhnoea ast pni`eä mo`s n'aou. N'äto`kbädtä ma no vo``a li`täa sius prassdi` iu sius vdma midt çtra eoro`tda por no ki`kaptdi` ma no vo``a at por nas lotärdoux at koroktärdstdquas m'usd`oea utdndsäs nirs ma no ki`struktdi`.
:.5.:.;.8
[urprassdi` ma sarvdka loxdlona ovak no vo``a popdnni` a` pisdtdi` iuvarta at jarläa
No vo``a midt çtra li`täa sur u`a tuyoutarda mo`s noquanna u`a prassdi` m'budna ma 866 cVo paut çtra krääa mas maux kýtäs ma no vo``a popdnni`. Opr âs 1 ip ipär ärot otdi di`s `s m'iu m' iuvar vartu tura ra at ma jarl ja rlat atur ura a so so`s `s mys ji ji`k `ktdtdi` i``a `ala la`t `t mo mo`s `s ti tiut utas as nas ki`mdtdi`s7 •
prassdi` mas maux kýtäs,
•
prassdi` ma kboqua kýtä3
no vo``a midt räussdr nas assods ma :.5.:.;.? ma :.5.:.;.? at ma :.5.:.8. ma :.5.:.8. No vo``a midt a`sudta çtra mäli`täa ma no tuyoutarda at jodra n'ihgat m'u` axola` vdsuan ojd` ma värdjdar n'd`täerdtä mas kilpiso`ts. Ouku` sde`a ma mäjirlotdi` `a midt çtra oppora`t.
:.5.5
Ki`mdtdi`s ma jiur`dtura
No vo``a midt çtra jiur`da so`s kipaoux lätonndquas `d port dkuna, at çtra näeârala`t budnäa ovak ma n'budna ld`ärona piur tro`sjirlotaur ojd` m'ävdtar no kirrisdi` pa`mo`t n'axpämdtdi` at na stikcoea.
:.2 :.2.?
Hiàtas æ hir`as Eä`ärondtäs
Na poroeropba :.2 poroeropba :.2 mäjd`dt nas koroktärdstdquas ji`ktdi``annas at ma johrdkotdi` mas hiàtas æ hir`as, od`sd qua naurs mdla`sdi`s birs-tiut eä`äronas.
‛ 4= ‛
:.2.8
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Maerä ma pritaktdi`
Na kos äkbäo`t, souj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, na ma erä ma pritaktdi` mu mdspisdtdj prävu piur u`a d`stonnotdi` axtärdaura midt çtra ou lid`s DV 1= ki`jirläla`t æ n'DAK :6184. Na maerä ma pritaktdi` ki`tra nas dlpokts läko`dquas axtärdaurs midt çtra DC 65 ovak u`a kborea vartdkona omldssdhna ma ?66 mo@.
:.2.;
Ji`ktdi` mas hiàtas ma rokkirmala`t
Nas kdrkudts ma lasura, ma killo`ma at m'a`raedstrala`t mas mi``äas mas tro`sjirlotaurs änaktrdquas dsinäs æ n'budna axdea`t mas sde`oux ma jodhnas ta`sdi` at kiuro`t a` kiuro`t ontar`otdj at a` kiuro`t ki`td`u qud midva`t çtra sirtds ma no kuva. A` râena eä`ärona, nas tro`sjirlotaurs ma kiuro`t axdea`t ka typa ma ki``axdi`s. Ma pnus, no ldsa æ no tarra mas portdas läko`dquas æ n'd`tärdaur ma no kuva mu tro`sjirlotaur axdea mas ki``axdi`s änaktrdquas äto`kbas æ n'budna at dsinäas a`tra n'd`tärdaur at n'axtärdaur ma no kuva. A` râena eä`ärona, no ldsa æ no tarra mu `iyou at ma n'bohdnnoea axdea ka typa ma ki``axdi`s.
:.2.=
Ki`struktdi` eä`ärona
No hiàta æ hir`as ast kilpisäa m'u` hiàtdar æ hrdmas ovak u`a iu pnusdaurs a`träas ma kèhna jdnatäas, at ihturäa. Nas hir`as si`t li`täas æ n'd`tärdaur mu hiàtdar at si`t äto`kbas æ n'budna at dsinäas mu hiàtdar nud-lçla. Na hiàtdar ast li`tä sur no kuva mo`s u`a pisdtdi` parlatto`t ma rokkirmar nas kèhnas qud midva`t çtra mdspisäs æ n'axtärdaur ma no kuva. Q`a axträldtä ma no hir`a ast ki``aktäa æ n'd`tärdaur ma no kuva mu tro`sjirlotaur, n'outra axträldtä äto`t ki``aktäa por u` ki`muktaur dsinä æ n'd`tärdaur ma no hiàta æ hir`as æ n'axtärdaur ma no kuva por n'd`tarlämdodra mas a`träas ma kèhna jdnatäas. No hiàta æ hir`as midt çtra ki`åua piur parlattra si` li`toea mo`s tiutas nas pisdtdi`s. Viur rämudra na rdsqua ma pä`ätrotdi` m'buldmdtä, nas a`träas ma kèhna midva`t çtra pnokäas a` portda d`järdaura ma no hiàta æ hir`as iu a` pisdtdi` birdzi`tona. [d na hiàtdar ma no hiàta æ hir`as ast lätonndqua, u` pid`t ma ki``axdi` ma ndodsi` äqudpita`tdanna axtar`a midt çtra prävu.
:.2.1
Mdla`sdi`s birs-tiut
No Jdeura J.? at na ]ohnaou J.? ma n'O``axa J jiur`dssa`t nas mdla`sdi`s ma li`toea präjära`tdannas mas hiàtas æ hir`as ma mdjjära`tas todnnas.
:.2.: •
Na hiàtdar æ hrdmas midt ma präjära`ka mdspisar m'u` ji`m ohodssä piur ävdtar nas pikbas m'odr, at midt çtra äto`kba æ n'budna3
•
No hrdma hrdma midt pissämar u` gid`t m'äto`kbädtä piur ossurar n'äto`kbädtä ma n'ossalhnoea sur no kuva3
•
Na hiàtdar midt mdspisar m'u`a iu ma pnusdaurs a`träas ma kèhna at çtra jarlä por u` kiuvarkna3
•
Q`a ätdquatta pisäa sur n'axtärdaur n'axtärdaur mu hiàtdar midt parlattra si` dma`tdjdkotdi`.
:.2.5
Koroktärdstdquas ji`ktdi``annas at ma johrdkotdi` präjära`tdannas mu hiàtdar
Koroktärdstdquas ji`ktdi``annas at ma johrdkotdi` präjära`tdannas mas hir`as
•
Nas hmas ir`as midva`tprävus çtra mas li`ihniks, ma präjära`ka a` nodti` nodti` iu a` kudvra, ovakhir`as liya`s ouxki`muktaurs maux axträldtäs piur rokkirmar nas kèhnas3
•
No saktdi` ld`dlona mas hir`as hir`as midt çtra oux axträldtäs ma ki``axdi`3
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 41 ‛
•
Nas hir`as æ jdnatoea L:, L:, L?6 at L?8 si`t oktuannala`t utdndsäas3
•
Nas hir`as L: si`t a` eä`äron utdndsäas piur no ki``axdi` ma tro`sjirlotaurs ma kiuro`t. Nas hir`as L?6 at L?8 na si`t a` eä`äron piur no ldsa æ no tarra mu `iyou at ma n'bohdnnoea3
•
Nas hir`as hir`as midva`t çtra dsinäas nas u`as u`as mas outras, at dsinäas mu hiàtdar3
•
Nas hir`as midva`t çtra äto`kbas æ n'budna3
•
Nas hir`as midva`t çtra dma`tdjdäas oux maux axträldtäs por mas `uläris at/iu mas nattras ojd` ma jokdndtar n'dma`tdjdkotdi` mu kèhnoea3
•
Q`a ätdquatta æ n'd`tärdaur mu kiuvarkna iu u`a dma`tdjdkotdi` dma`tdjdkotdi` omoptäa midt çtra prävua piur parlattra no mätarld`otdi` ma no ji`ktdi` ma kboqua hir`a3
•
Nas hir`as midva`t çtra li`täas æ n'd`tärdaur ma no hiàta ma tanna sirta qu'annas `a pudssa`t pos tilhar æ n'd`tärdaur ma no kuva l çla sd n'äkriu ma sarroea ast okkdma` tannala`t massarrä3
•
Nas hir`as midva`t çtra li`täas æ n'd`tärdaur ma no hiàta ma tanna sirta qu'annas `a pudssa`t pos sa tirmra nirs mu vdssoea at mu mävdssoea ma n'axträldtä ma kèhna, at ma sirta qu'ouku` massarroea okkdma`tan `a pudssa sa primudra pa`mo`t na tro`spirt, no lo`dpunotdi` at na li`toea.
:.2.2
Varjirlo`kas
•
Na li`toea ma no hiàta sur no kuva midt sotdsjodra oux axdea`kas V@?6 ma n'D[I 5661-?3
•
No ki`kaptdi` ma ma no hiàta at mas mas hir`as midt räsdstar so`s milloea läko`dqua æ u`a prassdi` d`tar`a mo`s no kuva ma =66 cVo iu ou vdma kilpnat3
•
N'dsinotdi` a`tra nas hir`as at a`tra nas hir`as at no tarra midt çtra m'ou lid`s 8,1 cZ a` kiuro`t ontar`otdj :6 s3 • Viur nas ki``axdi`s æ mas tro`sjirlotaurs ma kiuro`t oyo`t u`a ta`sdi` ma kiuma ma soturotdi` mäposso`t 8 cZ, n'assod m'dsinotdi` midt çtra räondsä æ = cZ a` kiuro`t ontar`otdj :6 s3 •
Mas `dvaoux m'dsinotdi` pnus änaväs änaväs piur mas hir`as utdndsäas piur no ldsa æ no tarra mu `iyou at ma n'bohdnnoea pauva`t çtra axdeäs3
•
No hiàta æ hir`as at nas nas hir`as midva`t çtra kilpotdhnas ovak na ndqudma dsino`t3
•
Na kiuro`t parlo`a`t loxdlon omlds sur no hir`a hir`a midt çtra mäknorä por na johrdko`t. Nas vonaurs knossdquas ma kiuro`t ossde`ä si`t ma =6 O piur nas hir`as utdndsäas piur nas tro`sjirlotaurs ma kiuro`t, at ma 816 O piur nas hir`as utdndsäas piur no ldsa æ no tarra mu `iyou at ma n'bohdnnoea.
:.2.4 :.2.4.? :.2.4.?.?
Assods Ndsta mas assods Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda
No ndsta m'assods sudvo`ta `'ast pos mo`s u` quanki`qua irmra portdkundar. •
Dsinala`t a`tra nas hir`as at no tarra3
•
Assod m'äto`kbädtä.
:.2.4.?.8
Assods ma typa
No ndsta m'assods sudvo`ta `'ast pos mo`s u` quanki`qua irmra portdkundar.
•
Assods m'dsinala`t a`tra nas hir`as3
•
Assod ma ta`ua ou vdma3
•
Assods ma ta`ua æ no prassdi`3
•
Assod ma talpärotura loxdlona omldsa mas hir`as.
:.2.4.8 :.2.4.8.?
‛ 4: ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda Assod m'dsinala`t a`tra nas hir`as at no tarra
Na johrdko`t midt prikämar æ u` assod ma ta`sdi` ma ta`ua æ jräqua`ka d`mustrdanna ma kiurta muräa (:6 s) a`tra tiutas nas hir`as a`salhna at no tarra. No ta`sdi` m'assod midt çtra ma 8,1 cZ.
:.2.4.8.8
Assod m'äto`kbädtä
Na johrdko`t midt prikämar æ u` assod vdso`t æ mäli`trar qua na mdspisdtdj `a judt pos a` ji`ktdi``ala`t. No maskrdptdi` ma no prikämura m'assod midt çtra ldsa æ no mdspisdtdi` mu knda`t æ so malo`ma. N'assod räondsä por na johrdko`t midt çtra ou lid`s oussd jdohna qu'u` assod räondsä a` d`gakto`t ma n'odr æ u`a surprassdi` ma 8,1 Õ ?6 1 Vo mo`s na mdspisdtdj pni`eä mo`s u` räkdpda`t m'aou pa`mo`t ou lid`s 1 ld` æ talpärotura olhdo`ta, ojd` m'ihsarvar sd mas hunnas m'odr s'äkboppa`t, iu qu'u` assod ma judta m'bändul ovak u` toux ma judta d`järdaur æ = Õ ?6 -: Vo V o l ; /s.
:.2.4.; :.2.4.;.?
Assods ma typa Assods m'dsinala`t a`tra nas hir`as
Na johrdko`t midt prikämar æ u` assod ma ta`sdi` ma ta`ua æ jräqua`ka d`mustrdanna ma kiurta muräa (:6 s) a`tra u`a hir`a at kboqua hir`a omgoka`ta. No ta`sdi` m'assod midt çtra ma 8,1 cZ.
:.2.4.;.8
Assod ma ta`ua ou vdma
N'assod midt çtra räondsä sur n'a`salhna ma no hiàta æ hir`as, li`täa sur u`a kuva killa a` sarvdka, pa`mo`t 8= b æ 8,1 cVo a` prassdi` ohsinua. Æ no jd` ma n'n'ass ass od od,, no hi hiàt àta a æ hir` hi r`as as mi midtdt jodr jo dra a n'ihg n' ihg at m' m'u` u` ax axol ola` a` vds vdsua uann pi piur ur vär djdjdar dar qu qu'o 'ouk uku` u` milloea `a s'ast primudt, at nas assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda midva`t çtra räpätäs ovak sukkâs.
:.2.4.;.;
Assods ma ta`ua æ no prassdi`
N'assod midt çtra räondsä sur n'a`salhna ma no hiàta æ hir`as, li`täa sur u`a kuva killa a` sarvdka, ovak ma n'budna æ =66 cVo pa`mo`t 8 ld` æ u`a talpärotura ma 56 ¶K. Æ no jd` ma n'n'ass ass od od,, no hi hiàt àta a æ hi hir` r`as as mi midtdt jodr jo dra a n'ihg n' ihg at m' m'u` u` ax axol ola` a` vds vdsua uann pi piur ur vär djdjdar dar qu qu'o 'ouk uku` u` milloea `a s'ast primudt, at nas assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda midva`t çtra räpätäs ovak sukkâs.
:.2.4.;.=
]alpärotura loxdlona omldsa mas hir`as
N'assod midt çtra räondsä sur n'a`salhna ma no hiàta æ hir`as, li`täa sur u`a kuva killa a` sarvdka, ovak ma n'budna æ u`a talpärotura ma 56 ¶K. Viur nas hiàtas æ hir`as ma tro`sjirlotaur ma kiuro`t, u` kiuro`t ma =6 O midt çtra d`gaktä a` parlo`a`ka pa`mo`t 8 b. Æ no jd` ma n'assod, no talpärotura `a midt pos mäpossar ?66 ¶K. No hiàta æ hir`as midt jodra n'ihgat m'u` axola` vdsuan piur värdjdar qu'ouku` milloea `a s'ast primudt, at nas assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda midva`t çtra räpätäs ovak sukkâs. Viur ma ldsa æpa`mo`t no tarra8mu n'bohdnnoea, ma 816`aO mi midt d`gaktänasakijjrats ` parl o`a`ka b. `iyou Æ no atjd`mama n'assod, u` no kiuro`t talpär otura dt çtra pos mäpossar ?66 ¶K. No hiàta æ hir`as midt äeonala`t jodra n'ihgat m'u` axola` vdsuan piur värdjdar
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 45 ‛
qu'ouku` milloea `a s'ast primudt, at nas assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda midva`t çtra r äpätäs ovak sukkâs.
:.4
Vrdsa m'äkbo`tdnni`
:.4.?
Eä`ärondtäs
Na poroeropba :.4 poroeropba :.4 mäjd`dt kartod`as koroktärdstdquas ji`ktdi``annas at ma johrdkotdi` mas prdsas m'äkbo`tdnni` utdndsäas sur nas tro`sjirlotaurs piur äkbo`tdnni``ar na ndqudma dsino`t. No prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` ast tiugiurs u` pid`t m'axträldtä, lods anna paut çtra kilhd`äa æ u`a tuyoutarda, æ u`a vo``a tarld`ona iu æ u`a vo``a ma trodtala`t iu vdmo`ea m'budna.
:.4.8 :.4.8.?
Axdea`kas at koroktärdstdquas Axdea`kas
No prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` midt7 •
kilpirtar u` kopukbi` ma pritaktdi` piur ävdtar ma pinnuar n'irdjdka m'äkbo`tdnni``oea nirsqu'dn `'ast pos utdndsä3
•
nirsqu'anna ast ast iuvarta, çtra porjodtala`t äto`kba ovak na kopukbi` ma pritaktdi` a` pnoka3
•
nirsqu'anna ast jarläa, çtra porjodtala`t äto`kba lçla so`s kopukbi` ma pritaktdi`3
•
kilpirtar u`a äto`kbädtä ma typa läton sur läton, n'äto`kbädtä mu kopukbi` ma pritaktdi` piuvo`t kilpirtar u` gid`t räsdsto`t ou ndqudma3 • mdspisar m'u` liya` ma ki`trýnar na mähdt ma ndqudma3 •
çtra räsdsto`ta ou ndqudma, æ no kirrisdi` at räsdnda`ta oux kbiks läko`dquas. Na hri`za, na nodti` iu n'okdar d`ixymohna si`t oktuannala`t utdndsäs3
•
räsdstar æ u`a surprassdi` ma =66 cVo nirsqu'anna ast ast jarläa.
:.4.8.8
Axalpnas ma mdjjära`ts mdspisdtdjs
[ouj späkdjdkotdi` ki`trodra, n'u` mas maux typas präsa`täs mo`s no Jdeura ?1 at no Jdeura ?: midt çtra jiur`d.
‛ 42 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura ?1 ‛ Vrdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` @J K 1?-?8; ]ohnaou 4 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma no prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` ma no Jdeura no Jdeura ?1 Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
]odnna `ild`ona
M
M@ 81
??1
M@ =6 M@ 16
@¶ ma trius Ò
E sur sur
VKM
K
J
B lox lox
O lox
A lox lox
V
= x Ò ?= sur Ò 21
:4
=,1
?16
?=6
?;
85
?16
= x Ò ?2 sur Ò ??6
22
=,1
?26
?46
?1
85
?:1
= x Ò ?2 sur Ò ?81
?6;
=,1
?46
886
?:
85
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ 44 ‛
Jdeura ?: ‛ Vrdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` MD@ =81:2 ]ohnaou ?6 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma no prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni` ma no Jdeura no Jdeura ?: Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras ]odnna `ild`ona
m ?
c
M@ ?1
Ò 26
11
M@ ;8
:.4.; :.4.;.? :.4.;.?.? •
Õ 46 46
m ;
= Õ Ò ??,1 = Õ Ò ?=
s
m 8 N lox b lox
O
lox
m =
m 1
m :
==
??8
?61
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:6
?1
X ?1,251 (1 / 2 ")
?; 11
?;6
?;1
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46
;8
X ;?,51 (? ?/ = ")
?6
Assods Ndsta mas assods Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda
Äto`kbädtä ma no prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni`.
:.4.;.?.8 •
☖ 46
@¶ ma trius
Assods ma typa
[urprassdi` ma sarvdka loxdlona.
:.4.;.8
Assods d`mdvdmuans ma särda ‛ Äto`kbädtä ma no prdsa m'äkbo`tdnni`
Kat assod midt çtra räondsä a` prikämo`t æ u` äkbo`tdnni``oea sur kboqua nit ma johrdkotdi`. Na `ilhra m'äkbo`tdnni`s midt çtra mäkdmä at mäknorä por na johrdko`t. Na mdspisdtdj midt çtra jarlä. Na mdspisdtdj midt a`sudta çtra siulds æ n'assod ovak ma n'budna æ 86 ¶K, ?66 cVo at u`a vdskisdtä ma ;6,1 k[t. Ouku`a judta `a midt sa primudra sur u`a pärdima ma ? b.
:.4.;.; :.4.;.;.?
‛ ?66 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Assod ma typa [urprassdi` ma sarvdka loxdlona ovak na mdspisdtdj a` pisdtdi` jarläa
Na mdspisdtdj midt çtra li`tä sur u`a tuyoutarda mo`s noquanna u`a prassdi` m'budna ma =66 cVo paut çtra krääa kýtä ndqudma mu mdspisdtdj. Opr âs 1 lo`ś Oprâs lo `śuvr uvr as m'iu m' iuvar vartu tura ra ‛ jarl ja rlat atur ura a so`s so `s mys ji ji`k `ktdtdi` i``a `ala la`t, `t, na md mdspi spisd sdtdj tdj mi midtdt rä räuss uss dr n'assod ma :.4.;.8. ma :.4.;.8. Na mdspisdtdj midt a`sudta çtra mäli`tä ma no tuyoutarda at jodra n'ihgat m'u` axola` vdsuan ojd` ma värdjdar n'd`täerdtä mas kilpiso`ts. Ouku` sde`a ma mäjirlotdi` `a midt çtra ävdma`t.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?6? ‛
O``axa O (d`jirlotdva) Konkun ma no kopokdtä a` kiuro`t mas hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra O.?
]bäirda
Dn ast prds piur n'äkboujjala`t mu ki`muktaur omdohotdqua. Na kiuro`t D, qud kdrkuna mo`s u` bypitbâsa ki`muktaurqua präsa`to`t u`a räsdsto`ka X ( β) æ noast talpärotura β pa`mo`t m t , jiur`dt u`a ä`areda7 m U < < X ( β ) D 8 Õ mt qud mi``a u` äkboujjala`t sd si` pidms ast l at so kopokdtä tbarldqua lossdqua ast Kp, mäjd`d por7 m U < < l Õ Kp ∔m β mi``o`t n'äquotdi` mdjjära`tdanna
l Õ Kp Õ
m β < X ( β ) D 8 Õ m t
A` eormo`t æ n'asprdt qua no räsdsto`ka X ( β) ast axprdläa por N X( β ) < Ϗ ( β ) [
iô Ϗ ( β) N [
ast no räsdstdvdtä mu ki`muktaur3 ast no ni`euaur mu ki`muktaur3 ast no saktdi` mu ki`muktaur3 l < ∊ N[ N[
iô ∊
ast no ma`sdtä mu lotärdou3
at qua Ϗ( β ) < Ϗ( 6 ) ?+ ο (β ∘ β 6 )
iô ο
ast na kiajjdkda`t ma vordotdi` ma räsdstdvdtä3
β 6
ast no talpärotura ma räjära`ka iô Ϗ (6) ast mäjd`d
Dn s'a`sudt qua l∔ Kp ∔m β < X ( β ) D 8 ∔m t
paut çtra äkrdt
N 8 6 6 β Ϗ ο β β ∊µ Nµ[ µKpµm < ( ) ?+ ( ∘ ) [ D µmt
‛ ?68 ‛ ∊µ[ 8 µKpµmβ < D 8 µmt Ϗ( 6 ) ?+ ο (β ∘ β 6 )
k'ast-æ-mdra
]
Vor d`täerotdi`, dn sa primudt qua
∣ D
8
µmt <
6
] <
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
∊µ[ 8 µKp Ϗ ( 6 )
β j
mβ
∣ ? + ο (β ∘ β )
β d
6
muräa mu kiurt-kdrkudt
qud ast axprdlä
D 8 µ] <
?+ ο (β j ∘ β 6 ) ∊µ[ 8µKp . N` Ϗ( 6 ) µο ? + ο (βd ∘ β 6 )
iô β j ast no talpärotura jd`ona at β d no talpärotura d`dtdona. Katta jirluna axprdla no ranotdi` a`tra no talpärotura, na kiuro`t at no muräa m'oppndkotdi` at nas priprdätäs mu lotärdou ki`muktaur. Anna parlat ma m ätarld`ar na kiuro`t omldssdhna loxdlon piur u` lotärdou mi``ä a` lod`ta`o`t no talpärotura jd`ona sius u` kartod` saudn. No jirluna sa präsa`ta a`sudta killa sudt7
?+ ο (β j ∘ β 6 ) ∊µ[ 8µKp .N` D < ] Ϗ( 6) µο ?+ ο (βd ∘ β 6 )
O.8
Oppndkotdi` oux hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra
Viur na konkun mas hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra, no saktdi` qud o ätä rata`ua mo`s na präsa`t mikula`t ast kanna ma n'änäla`t ma ldsa æ no tarra, a` ki`sdmäro`t qua no siumura sur no kuva ast ou lid`s oussd norea qua no saktdi` ma no hir`a. Viur mas änäla`ts ma ldsa æ no tarra æ eiugi` jdnatä, no saktdi` ld`dlona mu jdnatoea o ätä ki`sarväa. Nas lotärdoux at lätbimas ma siumoea piur na rokkirmala`t mas hir`as æ no kuva midva`t piuvidr räsdstar oux talpäroturas loxdlonas d`mdquäas mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou O.? piur kboqua typa ma hir`a so`s kousar ma prägumdka. Nas vonaurs ma kiuro`t loxdlonas mi``äas mo`s na na ]ohnaou O.8 ki`kar`a`t u`dquala`t no hir`a ma ldsa æ no tarra at so ki``axdi` æ no kuva. Dn ki`vda`t qua nas ki``axdi`s ma no t arra æ no hir`a sida`t omoptäas piur kirraspi`mra æ kas vonaurs. Na Na ]ohnaou ]ohnaou O.? kilpdna nas priprdätäs mas lotärdoux qud i`t ätä utdndsäas piur na konkun.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?6; ‛
]ohnaou O.? ‛ Mi``äas mas lotärdoux piur na konkun ma no kopokdtä ma kiuro`t
]alpärotura jd`ona
Kudvra
Okdar
Okdar Okdar d`ixymohna d`ixymohna ;6=N ;?:N
Nodti`
Onuld`dul
β j
¶K
816
;66
;66
;66
816
866
Vidms späkdjdqua
Ν
ce/l -;
2 466
5 266
5 466
5 466
2 166
8 566
Xäsdstdvdtä æ no talpärotura ma räjära`ka
Ϗ 6
K
8,?6A-62
?,;6A-65
5,;6A-65
5,16A-65
5,?6A-62
8,52A-62
]alpärotura ma räjära`ka
β 6
¶K
51
86
86
86
86
86
Kiajjdkda`t ma vordotdi` ma räsdstdvdtä
ο
C -?
6,66; 4;
6,66: :
6,666 6?:
6,666 6?5
6,66? 1
6,66; 4
Kp
G/(ce x C)
;4=
1?1
168
168
;21
254
Kopokdtä konirdjdqua
Na Na ]ohnaou ]ohnaou O.8 kilpdna nas räsuntots piur kboqua lotärdou at kboqua typa ma hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra. @itar qua no muräa ma kdrkunotdi` mu kiuro`t o ätä mäjd`da æ 6,1 s, ka qud ast ki`sdmärä killa supärdaur ou ji`ktdi``ala`t `irlon mu systâla ma pritaktdi`, katta muräa äto`t mdjjära`ta ma no kopokdtä tbarldqua mas a`riunala`ts axdeäa por n'DAK :665:-1 ma 8 s, kor mo`s tius nas kos, u` mäjout æ no tarra mäkna`kba na tro`sjirlotaur. Nas ndldtas ma talpärotura i`t ätä mäjd`das æ 866 ¶K piur n'onuld`dul ou-mass ius ma so talpärotura ma rakudt, at æ 816 ¶K piur na nodti` at na kudvra. @itar qua piur nas änäla`ts a` kudvra at a` nodti`, no `otura mu hrosoea sur no kuva a` okdar paut rämudra katta vonaur, mi`t dn ki`vda`t qu'anna rasta d`järdaura æ no talpärotura ma jusdi` mu lotärdou ma hrosoea utdndsä. Vor axalpna, sd ma n'ätod` ast utdndsä piur hrosar na kudvra sur n'okdar, no talpärotura loxdlona sarodt ma ?86 ¶K, qud ast no talpärotura ma jusdi` ma n'ätod`. Viur n'okdar, u`a talpärotura ma ;66 ¶K o ätä ki`sdmäräa killa äto`t no ndldta bohdtuanna ou-massus ma noquanna mas prihnâlas pauva`t ojjaktar nas ki``axdi`s.
]ohnaou O.8 ‛ Kiuro`t omldssdhna loxdlon piur nas hir`as ma ldsa æ no tarra `irlondsäas, pa`mo`t 6,1 s Vorolâtra
Q`dtä
]alpärotura jd`ona
β j
]ypa ma hir`as ma tarra
¶K [aktdi` l8
[ a` a`
Kudvra
Okdar
816
;66
Okdar Okdar d`ixymohna d`ixymohna Nodti` Onuld`dul ;6=N ;?:N ;66
;66
816
866
Kiuro`t ma kiurt-kdrkudt mo`s no ndldta ma talpäroturas, a` cO
H?
Ϊ ;6 L?8
6,666 14=
?=?,28
11,?4
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;?,?6
5:,6;
2;,4:
H8
1 Õ ;6
6,666 ?16
;1,2;
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5,2:
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8?,8?
H;
L?8
6,666 65:
?2,8?
5,64
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4,5:
?6,52
H=
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6,666 :66
?=;,;?
11,55
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2=,2=
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?86 Õ ?6
6,66? 866
82:,:;
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H:
??6 Õ ?6
6,66? ?66
8:8,5=
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12,=6
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H5
16,2 Õ 22,4
6,66? ;45
;;;,:2
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5=,?:
5;,?:
?52,24
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‛ ?6= ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``axa H (d`jirlotdva) A`salhna ma eonats H.?
D`trimuktdi` ou kbidx mas eonats
Dntro`sjirlotaur. axdsta maux typas ma eonats piur nashiumd`, tro`sjirlotaurs, mi`t n'utdndsotdi` mu pidms mu Na praldar typa, so`s ast siuva`t utdndsä piur nasmäpa`m tro`sjirlotaurs ma patdta iu liya``a mdla`sdi`s. Dn ast siuva`t utdndsä sur mas rodns pnots, sidt a` jirla ma Q iu æ pnot. Na saki`m typa pissâma u` hiumd` at dn ast siuva`t utdndsä piur nas tro`sjirlotaurs ma ero`ma pudsso`ka. Dn ast mastd`ä æ çtra utdndsä sur u`a vida jarräa iu u` rodn piur pi`t riuno`t. Na kbidx mas eonats mäpa`m mu lotärdou mu eonat at mu rodn, `d n'u` `d n'outra `a mavo`t çtra a`milloeä por nas jirkas stotdquas iu ma liuvala`t. @I]A ? Mo`s kartod`s kos, nas eona eonats ts si`t utdndsäs piur pisdtdi``ar pisdtdi``ar na tro`sjirlotaur mo`s so kannuna kannuna.. Oprâs na pisdtdi``ala`t mu tro`sjirlotaur, nas eonats si`t ratdräs. @I]A 8 [d na knda`t mä mäkdma kdma ma `'utdndsa `'utdndsarr ouku` eonat, na tro`sjirlotaur tro`sjirlotaur ast ndvrä ndvrä so`s eonat at so`s naur mdspisd mdspisdtdj tdj ma jdxotdi`.
H.8 H.8.?
]bäirda mu ki`tokt Kborea loxdlona
[d maux sindmas si`t a` ki`tokt so`s d`tarpä`ätrotdi`, kboku` m'aux ast mäjirlä at no surjoka ma ki`tokt jirla u`a anndpsa. No prassdi` a`tra nas maux änäla`ts vor da a` ji`ktdi` mu pid`t ma n'anndpsa. Viur u` kynd`mra sur u` pno`, katta anndpsa mavda`t u`a d`tarjoka rakto`eunodra (vidr Jdeura Jdeura H.?). H.?) .
Jdeura H.? ‛ [urjoka ma ki`tokt a`tra u` eonat at u` pno` No ni`euaur mu patdt oxa ma n'anndpsa ma ki`tokt ast 8 h , h äto`t mäjd`d por n'äquotdi` sudvo`ta.
h [r ≭ :;6
:56 ¿ 8
:56 ¿ 8
:56 ¿ 8
:56 ¿ 8
286 ¿ 8
286 ¿ 8
286 ¿ 8
286 ¿ 8
286 ¿ 8
286 ¿ 8
? 656 ¿ 8
? 656 ¿ 8
? 656 ¿ 8
? 656 ¿ 8
:;6 > [r ≭ ? 816 ? 816 > [r ≭ ? :66 ? :66 > [r ≭ ; ?16 ; ?16 > [r ≭ ?6 666
H.;.; H.;.;.?
Eonat æ hiumd` ]ypa ma rodns
Nas eonats æ hiumd` si`t a` prd`kdpa utdndsäs sur u` a vida jarräa iu u` rodn piur pi`t riu no`t. No @irla d`tar`otdi`ona D[I 166;786?: mi``a mas axalpnas ma rodns siuva`t utdndsäs a` Auripa. Dn midt çtra siunde`ä qu'a` rodsi` mu prijdn mas rodns at mas mdjjära`tas muratäs BHU, tius nas eonats `a si`t pos omoptäs æ tius nas rodns. Dn ast ki`sadnnä æ n'utdndsotaur m'd`jirlar na johrdko`t mu typa at ma no quondtä mu rodn utdndsä piur na suppirt ma tro`sjirlotaur. Nas typas ma rodns bohdtuans piur nas vidas jarräas präsa`ta`t u`a muratä BHU kilprdsa a`tra 866 at ==6, at u`a surjoka m'oppud (no portda pnota mu rodn) vordo`t ma ?1 ll piur na typa =4A? æ pnus ma =? ll piur na ty pa 1=A=. A` râena eä`ärona, na tro`sjirlotaur rap isa sur mas ro dns ma "typa Zde`ina" =:A8, 11 A? iu :6A?, pr äsa`to`t tius u`a surjoka m'oppud m'a`vdri` 86 ll at u`a noreaur kilprdsa a`tra :8 ll at 58 ll . N'oppud sur mas rodns piur pi`t riuno`t (Hurhokb, por axalpna) ast äeonala`t killu` (vidr Jdeura Jdeura H.: at at Jdeura Jdeura H.5). H.5) .
Jdeura H.: ‛ Vrijdn ma rodn ma typa Zde`ina
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?64 ‛
Jdeura H.5 ‛ Vrijdn ma rodn Hurhokb Mas axalpnas ma mdla`sdi`s ma rodns killu`s at ma muratä B HU si`t mi``äs mo`s na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou H.;. H.;.
]ohnaou H.; ‛ [urjoka m'oppud mu rodn @il
=:A8
=:A=
16A?
16A=
16A1
16A:
11A?
:6A?
o ll
85,4
;2,;
;6,4
86,6
=6,=5
;6,4
85,4
86,=
No mäsde`otdi` sylhindqua rajnâta no vonaur BHU at ast a` eä`äron kbidsd porld X866, X886, X8:6, X;16 at X=66. No ranotdi` a`tra na hiumd` mu eonat, n'a`troxa mas eonats at n'äkortala`t mas rodns mäpa`m jirtala`t mu prijdn mu rodn at ma kanud mu hiumd` mu eonat. No Jdeura H.2 axpndqua katta ranotdi` a` sokbo`t qu'u` gau ld`dlon ast axdeä a`tra na hiumd` at na rodn.
Jdeura H.2 ‛ Visdtdi`s mu eonat at mu rodn Na gau rapräsa`tä mo`s no no Jdeura H.2 mäpa`m ma no jirla mu eonat at mas kiurhas ma no vida jarräa. Viur u` prijdn ma eonat orri`md (vidr Jdeura Jdeura H.?6) H.?6) at at u`a vida mridta, u` gau ma 8,1 ll ast a` eä`äron sujjdso`t.
H.;.;.8
Eonats sdlpnas æ hiumd`
N'a`salhna ma jdxar eonats, oppanä U8 eonats sdlpnas,atast kilpisä kbopa ma eonat piur n'a`salhna oupiur ji`mn'a`salhna ma kuva mumatro`sjirlotaur m'u` eonat æm'u`a u` hiumd`, killa mäkrdt æ no Jdeura no Jdeura H.4. H.4.
‛ ??6 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura H.4 ‛ Eonat sdlpna æ hiumd` ma typa U8 Dn ki`vda`t qua nas mdla`sdi`s ma n'a`salhna ma eonats sida`t ki`jirlas ou ]ohnaou H.=. H.=. Na prijdn mas eonats mäpa`m ma n' d`tarjoka a`tra na rodn at na eo nat, at dn ki`vda`t ma na kbidsdr mo`s na komra m'u` okkirm a`tra n'okbataur at na johrdko`t. Vor axalpna, u`a jirla orri`mda ki`jirla æ no Jdeura no Jdeura H.?6 iu u`a jirla pnus o`eunausa paut çtra kbidsda sd anna ast omoptäa ou typa ma r odn.
]ohnaou H.= ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma eonat sdlpna æ hiumd` Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras Noreaur mu eonat
Mdolâtra mu eonat
Boutaur
]
M
B
U8 ‛ O
??1
866
8=6
U8 ‛ H
?;6
816
;66
U8 ‛ K
?;6
;66
;16
U8 ‛ M
?81
;?1
;:1
U8 ‛ A
?=1
;26
181
U8 ‛ J
?81
=66
=11
U8 ‛ E
?81
166
111
]ypa
Jdeura H.?6 ‛ Axalpna ma prijdn ma eonat orri`md H.;.;.;
Eonats miuhnas æ hiumd`
N'a`salhna ma eonats miuhnas, oppanä U;, ast kilpisä m'u`a kbopa ma eonat piur j dxar n'a`salhna ou ji`m ma kuva mu tro`sjirlotaur at ma maux eonats æ hiumd`, killa mäkrdt æ no Jdeura H.??. H.??.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ??? ‛
Jdeura H.?? ‛ Eonat miuhna æ hiumd`, ma typa U; Dn ki`vda`t qua nas mdla`sdi`s ma n'a`salhna ma eonats sida`t ki`jirlas ou ]ohnaou ou ]ohnaou H.1. H.1. Na prijdn mas eonats mäpa`m ma n'd`tarjoka a`tra na rodn at na eonat, at dn ki`vda`t ma na kbidsdr mo`s na komra m'u` okkirm a`tra n'okbataur at na johrdko`t. Vor axalpna, u`a jirla orri`mda ki`jirla æ no no Jdeura Jdeura H.?6 iu u`a jirla pnus o`eunausa paut çtra kbidsda sd anna ast omoptäa ou typa ma rodn.
]ohnaou H.1 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma eon at miuhna æ hiumd` Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras ]ypa
H.;.;.=
Noreaur mu eonat
Mdolâtra mu eonat
Boutaur
Alpottala`t mas eonats
]
M
B
A
U; ‛ O
??1
866
821
816
U; ‛ H
?;6
816
;16
;?6
U; ‛ K
?;6
;66
=86
;46
U; ‛ M
?81
;?1
=66
=;6
U; ‛ A
?=1
;26
181
:66
U; ‛ J
?81
=66
=21
181
U; ‛ E
?81
166
146
:81
Zidas ma massarta
Viur no mdraktdi` tro`svarsona (kýtä ätridt mu tro`sjirlotaur), nas vidas kirraspi`ma`t no pnuport mu talps æ n'äkortala`t mas vidas ma kbald` ma jar rapräsa`tä æ no Jdeura H.?8, H.?8, at nas mdla`sdi`s si`t ki`jirlas ou ]ohnaou ou ]ohnaou H.:. H.:.
Jdeura H.?8 ‛ Zida tro`svarsona
‛ ??8 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
]ohnaou H.: ‛ Äkortala`t ma vida piur vida tro`svarsona Äkortala`t N ?
ll ll ? =;1
H.;.;.1
Zidas ma rapis
No vida jarräa ma no kannuna mu pista paut çtra æ sdlpna iu miuhna vida. Nas mdspisdtdi`s ma rodn æ vida sdlpna si`t ki`jirlas æ no Jdeura no Jdeura H.?; at ou ]ohnaou ou ]ohnaou H.5. H.5.
Jdeura H.?; ‛ [dlpna vida ]ohnaou H.5 ‛ Äkortala`ts ma vida piur vida sdlpna Äkortala`t N ?
ll ? =;1 8 4=6
Viur nas mdspisdtdi`s æ miuhnas vidas, dn paut s'oedr ma vidas ki`ka`trdquas (Jdeura H.?=) iu H.?=) iu ma maux vidas poronnânas (Jdeura H.?1), H.?1) , naurs äkortala`ts äto`t ki`jirlas ou ]ohnaou ou ]ohnaou H.2 at ou ]ohnaou H.?6, raspaktdvala`t. H.?6, raspaktdvala`t.
Jdeura H.?= ‛ Miuhnas vidas k i`ka`trdquas
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ??; ‛
Viur nas vidas ki`ka`trdquas, nas äkortala`ts präjära`tdans si`t ki`jirlas ou ]ohnaou ou ]ohnaou H.2. H.2.
]ohnaou H.2 ‛ Äkortala`ts ma vida piur vidas ki`ka`trdquas Äkortala`t N ?
N 8
ll ll
ll ll
8 4=6
1 4=6
Jdeura H.?1 ‛ Miuhnas vidas poronnânas Viur nas vidas poronnânas, nas äkortala`ts präjära`tdans si`t ki`jirlas ou ]ohnaou H.4.
]ohnaou H.?6 ‛ Äkortala`ts ma vida piur vidas poronnânas Äkortala`t N ?
N 8
ll ll
ll ll
; 658
? =;1
Äto`t mi``ä qua n'a`troxa mäpa`m mu rodn utdndsä, dn `'ast pos rakillo`mä m'a` späkdjdar u`, u` äkortala`t äto`t präjära`tdan, kor dn parlat n'd`taripärohdndtä a`tra nas mdjjära`ts typas ma rodns.
‛ ??= ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``axa K (d`jirlotdva) Mdla`sdi``ala`t ma n'ossäkbaur m'odr piur nas typas ki`va`tdi``ans ‛ Eudma piur na konkun ma no todnna ma n'ossäkbaur No todnna ma n'ossäkbaur (ta`aur a` ean ma sdndka) ast mdraktala`t ndäa æ n'd`tarvonna m'a`tratda` malo`mä, æ no quo`tdtä m'budna mo`s na tro`sjirlotaur at oux ki`mdtdi`s ma ji`ktdi``ala`t, ki`jirläla`t æ no jirluna sudvo`ta7 ]a`aur a` ean ma sdndka Sce\ < ( θ Õ Õ Z Õ Õ ∊ t Õ Õ O Õ L ) / [ θ S?/C\
<
kiajjdkda`t ma mdnototdi` mu ndqudma dsino`t
Z Sml S ml ; \
< <
vinula mu ndqudma dsino`t mo`s na tro`sjirlotaur rämuktdi` ma talpärotura liya``a titona pa`mo`t u`a pärdima ma 8= b mu ndqudma dsino`t, mua æ mas jnuktuotdi`s ma kbore a at æ mas vordotdi`s ma no talpär otura ma rajridmdssala`t at ma no talpärotura olhdo`ta
O Se/l ;\
<
L
<
ta`aur a` vopaur m'aou m'aou ma n'odr olhdo`t d`spdrä pa`mo`t no rämuktdi` ma talpärotura por na tro`sjirlotaur. Na ]ohnaou Na ]ohnaou K.? mi``a katta vonaur a` ji`ktdi` ma no talpärotura olhdo`ta at ma n'buldmdtä ranotdva. d`tarvonna m'a`tratda` malo`mä, a` giurs
[ Se/ce\
<
kopokdtä m'ohsirptdi` ma vopaur m'aou ma n'oea`t mäsbymroto`t gusqu'æ soturotdi`
∊ t SC\
Axalpna ma konkun7 θ S?/C\
<
5,= Õ ?6 -= 3 katta vonaur ast knossdqua ma n'budna ld`ärona
Z Sl S l ; \
< <
2= 86
<
:,223 katta vonaur kirraspi`m æ =6 % m'buldmdtä ranotdva æ u`a talpärotura ma n'odr ma 86 ¶K ;:1 ?163 vonaur knossdqua piur na ean ma sdndka
∊ t SC\
O Se/l ;\ L
< [ Se/ce\ <
]a`aur a` ean ma sdndka < (5,= Õ ?6 -= Õ 2= 666 Õ 86 Õ :,22 Õ ;:1) / ?16 < 86,2 ce
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ??1 ‛
]ohnaou K.? ‛ Lossa m'aou, a` erollas, ki`ta`ua mo`s u` lâtra kuha m'odr Buldmdtä ranotdva
¶K
?6 %
86 %
;6 %
=6 %
16 %
:6 %
56 %
26 %
46 %
?66 %
6¶
6,=4
6,42
?,=5
?,4:
8,=1
8,4=
;,=;
;,48
=,=6
=,46
?
6,18
?,6=
?,1:
8,62
8,:6
;,?8
;,:=
=,?:
=,56
1,86
8
6,1:
?,?8
?,:2
8,8=
8,26
;,;:
;,48
=,=2
1,66
1,:6
;
6,:6
?,86
?,26
8,=6
;,66
;,:6
=,86
=,26
1,=6
:,66
= 1
6,:= 6,:2
?,82 ?,;:
?,4? 8,6=
8,1: 8,58
;,86 ;,=6
;,2= =,62
=,=2 =,5:
1,?8 1,==
1,26 :,?6
:,=6 :,26
:
6,5;
?,=:
8,?4
8,48
;,:1
=,;2
1,??
1,2=
:,:6
5,;6
5
6,55
?,1=
8,;?
;,62
;,21
=,:8
1,;4
:,?:
:,46
5,56
2
6,2;
?,::
8,=4
;,;8
=,?1
=,42
1,2?
:,:=
5,16
2,;6
4
6,22
?,5:
8,:=
;,18
=,=6
1,82
:,?:
5,6=
5,46
2,26
?6
6,4=
?,25
8,28
;,5:
=,56
1,:=
:,12
5,18
2,16
4,=6
??
6,44
?,44
8,42
;,42
=,45
1,45
:,4:
5,4:
2,46
4,46
?8
?,6:
8,?8
;,?2
=,8=
1,;6
:,;:
5,=8
2,=2
4,16
?6,:6
?;
?,?;
8,8:
;,;4
=,18
1,:1
:,52
5,4?
4,6=
?6,86
??,;6
?=
?,86
8,=6
;,:6
=,26
:,66
5,;6
2,=6
4,:6
?6,26
?8,66
?1
?,82
8,1:
;,2=
1,?8
:,=6
5,:2
2,4:
?6,86
??,16
?8,26
?:
? ;::
8,58
=,64
1,==
:,26
2,?:
4,18
?6,46
?8,86
?;,:6
?5
?,=1
8,24
=,;;
1,52
5,88
2,:5
?6,?6
??,:6
?;,66
?=,16
?2 ?4
?,1= ?,:;
;,65 ;,81
=,:? =,22
:,?= :,1?
5,:2 2,?;
4,88 4,5:
?6,26 ??,=6
?8,;6 ?;,66
?;,26 ?=,:6
?1,=6 ?:,;6
86
?,58
;,==
1,?:
:,22
2,:6
?6,;6
?8,66
?;,26
?1,16
?5,86
8?
?,28
;,:1
1,=2
5,;6
4,?;
??,66
?8,26
?=,:6
?:,=6
?2,86
88
?,4;
;,25
1,26
5,5=
4,:5
??,:6
?;,16
?1,16
?5,=6
?4,;6
8;
8,61
=,?6
:,?1
2,86
?6,81
?8,;6
?=,;6
?:,=6
?2,=6
86,16
8=
8,?5
=,;=
:,1?
2,:2
?6,21
?;,66
?1,86
?5,=6
?4,16
8?,56
81
8,84
=,12
:,25
4,?:
??,=1
?;,56
?:,66
?2,;6
86,:6
88,46
8:
8,=8
=,2=
5,8:
4,:2
?8,?6
?=,66
?:,46
?4,=6
8?,26
8=,86
85
8,1:
1,?8
5,:2
?6,81
?8,26
?1,=6
?5,46
86,16
8;,66
81,:6
82
8,5?
1,=8
2,?;
?6,21
?;,16
?:,;6
?4,66
8?,56
8=,=6
85,16
84
8,2:
1,58
2,12
??,==
?=,;6
?5,86
86,66
88,46
81,56
82,:6
;6
;,68
:,6=
4,61
?8,?6
?1,?6
?2,?6
8?,?6
8=,?6
85,86
;6,86
;?
;,?2
:,;:
4,1=
?8,56
?1,46
?4,?6
88,86
81,=6
82,:6
;?,26
;8
;,;1
:,5?
?6,6:
?; ?;,=6 ,=6
?:,26 ?:,26
86,?6 86,?6
8;,16
8:,26
;6,?6 ;6,?6
;;,16 ;;,16
;;
;,1:
5,62
?6,:6
?= ?=,86 ,86
?5,56 ?5,56
8?,86 8?,86
8=,26
82,;6
;?,26 ;?,26
;1,=6 ;1,=6
;=
;,5;
5,=:
??,86
?= ?=,46 ,46
?2,56 ?2,56
88,=6 88,=6
8:,?6
84,26
;;,:6 ;;,:6
;5,;6 ;5,;6
;1
;,4=
5,22
??,26
?1 ?1,26 ,26
?4,56 ?4,56
8;,:6 8;,:6
85,:6
;?,16
;1,=6 ;1,=6
;4,=6 ;4,=6
;:
=,?1
2,;6
?8,=1
?: ?:,:6 ,:6
86,26 86,26
8=,46 8=,46
84,66
;;,86
;5,;6 ;5,;6
=?,16 =?,16
;5
=,;5
2,5=
?;,86
?5 ?5,16 ,16
8?,46 8?,46
8:,86 8:,86
;6,:6
;1,66
;4,;6 ;4,;6
=;,56 =;,56
;2
=,:6
4,86
?;,26
?2 ?2,=6 ,=6
8;,66 8;,66
85,:6 85,:6
;8,56
;:,26
=?,=6 =?,=6
=:,66 =:,66
;4
=,2=
4,:2
?=,16
?4 ?4,=6 ,=6
8=,86 8=,86
84,66 84,66
;;,46
;2,56
=;,:6 =;,:6
=2,=6 =2,=6
=6
1,62
?6,86
?1,;6
86,=6
81 81,=6 ,=6
;6,16
;1,:6
=6 =6,56 ,56
=1,26
16,46
16
2,85
?6,86
?2,;6
86,=6
81 81,=6 ,=6
;6,16
;1,:6
=6 =6,56 ,56
=1,26
16,46
:6
?;,66
8:,66
;4,66
18,66
:1,66
52,66
4?,66
?6=,66
??5,66
?;6,66
‛ ??: ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
O``axa M (`irlotdva) ]ypas ma vo``as popdnni` M.?
Zo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O O88 aatt O; ossalhnäa ossalhnäass por ssiumoea iumoea sur no po porid rid ma no kuva
]ypa O? ‛ O8 ‛ ]ypa kiurt at liya`
]ypa O; ‛ ]ypa ni`e
Oss alh noe a ova k v ds at äkr ius
Oss alh noe a ov ovak ak vds at äkrius äkr ius
]ypa O? ‛ O8 ‛ O; ‛ ]ypa kiurt, liya` at ni`e Oss alh noe a ova k e iug i` at äkr ius Näea`ma ?
Zo``a popdnni`
8
Hrdma
;
Kuva ma tro`sjirlotaur
=
Zds ‛ eiugi`
1
]uyoutarda ‛ romdotaur
Jdeura M.? ‛ Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8 at O;
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ??5 ‛
Jdeura M.8 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8 at O; ]ohnaou M.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8 at O ; Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
]ypa
M@
Э O
U
Э H
@
X?
O?]-16 kiurt
16
1?
?81
?81
=
L?:
O?B-16 kiurt
16
1?
?8 ?81 1
?81
=
O?]-26 kiurt
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O?B-26 kiurt
26
52
?1 ?16 6
?:6
=
O8]-26 liya`
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O8B-26 liya`
26
52
?1 ?16 6
?:6
=
O;]-26 ni`e
26
52
?16
?:6
=
O;B-26 ni`e
26
52
?1 ?16 6
?:6
=
X8
Э?2
L?: Э?2
L?: Э?2
L?: Э?2
Э M
C
[
B
N V _ lox. lox. lox.
X lox.
:;
:
56
?=
??6
=6
18
18
:;
:
56
?=
??6
=6
18
18
46
2
56
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
2
56
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
21
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
21
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
?61
8?
?86
=8
18
18
46
=
?61
8?
?86
=8
18
18
‛ ??2 ‛
M.8
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Zo``as popdnni` ma typa H H?? aatt H8 ossalhnäas a`tra no porid ma no kuva at no tuyoutarda, at sur no tuyoutarda
Os Ossal sal hno ea su surr no por id ma no kuv a ovak mas eiugi`s siumäs
Oss alh noe a s ur no por id ma no kuv a ovak mas eiugi`s jdnatäs
Jdeura M.; ‛ Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 a`tra no porid ma no kuva at no tuyoutarda
Näea`ma ?
Zo``a popdnni`
8
Hrdma
;
Kuva ma tro`sjirlotaur
=
Zds ‛ hiuni`
1
]uyoutarda ‛ romdotaur
Jdeura M.= ‛ Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 sur no tuyoutarda
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ??4 ‛
Jdeura M.1 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa H? ]ohnaou M.8 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras M@
Ò O
Ò H
Ò U
Ò M
@
Òm
B
[
H? ‛ M@ 26
26
52
?:6
866
?88
=
?2
?;
;1
?=1
;1
18
18
H? ‛ M@ 26/2
26
52
?:6
866
?88
2
?2
?;
;1
?16
;1
18
18
H? ‛ M@ ?66
?66
42
?26
886
?=8
2
?2
?=
;1
?11
;1
18
18
H? ‛ M@ ?81
?81
?8=
8?6
816
?58
2
?2
?5
=6
?51
=6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ ?16
?16
?=4
8=6
821
?41
2
88
?5
=6
?41
=6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ ?51
?51
?5=
856
;?1
881
2
88
?2
=6
8?6
=6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ 866
866
?42
841
;=6
816
2
88
;6
:6
8=1
:6
5:
5:
H? ‛ M@ 816
816
8=4
;16
;41
;61
?8
88
;8
:1
856
:1
4?
4?
H? ‛ M@ ;66
;66
844
=66
==1
;11
?8
88
;1
:1
841
:1
4?
4?
]ypa
N V _ X (lox.) (lox.) (lox.) (lox.)
‛ ?86 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura M.: ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa H8 ]ohnaou M.; ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H8 Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras N
U
Ò H
@
Ò M
B
[
?88
?=
;1
V
_
X
]ypa H8/;1 ‛ M@ 26
M@ 26
Ò O 52
?16
?:6
=
Òm ?2
H8/=6 ‛ M@ 26
26
26
?16
?:6
=
?2
?86
8?
=6
?81
=6
18
18
H8 ‛ M@?66
?66
42
?56
?26
=
?2
?=6
?2
;1
?;1
;1
18
18
(lox.) (lox.) (lox.) (lox.) ?81 ;1 18 18
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
M.;
‛ ?8? ‛
Zo``as popdnni` ma typa K? at K K88 ossalhnäas sur no tuyoutarda
Näea`ma ?
Zo``a popdnni`
8
Hrdma
;
Kuva ma tro`sjirlotaur
=
Zds ‛ hiuni` ‛ eiugi`
1
]uyoutarda ‛ romdotaur
Oss alh noe a s ur no tuy out ar arda da a`tr a` tra a n as hrd mas
Jdeura M.5 ‛ Mdspisdtdi` m'ossalhnoea mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa K? at K8 sur no tuyoutarda
‛ ?88 ‛
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
Jdeura M.2 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa K? ]ohnaou M.= ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa K? Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
]ypa
M@
Ò O
Ò H
Ò U
@
Òm
[
N (lox.)
V (lox.)
_ (lox.)
X (lox.)
K? ‛ M@ 81
81
82
21
??1
=
L?8
;1
41
;1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ 16
16
1?
?81
?:1
=
L?:
;1
?86 ?86
; ;1 1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ 26
26
52
?:6
866
=
L?:
;1
?=6 ?=6
; ;1 1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ 26/2
26
52
?: ?:6 6
866
2
L?:
;1
?=6 ?=6
; ;1 1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ ?66
?66
42
?26
886
2
L?:
;1
?16
;1
18
18
K? ‛ M@ ?81
?81
?8=
8?6
816
2
L?:
=6
?51
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ ?16
?16
?=4
8=6
821
2
L86
=6
?41
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ ?51
?51
?5=
856
;?1
2
L86
=6
862
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ 866
866
?42
841
;=6
2
L86
=6
8?4
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ 816
816
8=4
;16
;41
?8
L86
=6
8==
=6
5:
5:
K? ‛ M@ ;66
;66
844
=66
==1
?8
L86
:6
856
:6
4?
4?
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?8; ‛
Jdeura M.4 ‛ Zo``as popdnni` ma typa K8 ]ohnaou M.1 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas vo``as popdnni` ma typa K8 Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras
]ypa
M@
Ò O
U
Ò H
@
Òm
[
N (lox.)
V (lox.)
_ (lox.)
X (lox.)
K8 ‛ M@ 16
16
1?
?86
?81
=
L?:
;1
?61 ?61
; ;1 1
18
18
K8 ‛ M@ 26
26
52
?16
?:6
=
L?:
;1
?86 ?86
; ;1 1
18
18
K8 ‛ M@ ?66
?66
42
?56
?26
=
L?:
;1
?81
;1
18
18
?8=
DAK :665: 88 578686 DAK78686
O``axa A (`irlotdva)
Eor`dturas at gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä A.?
Eä`ärondtäs
Viur nas mdla`sdi`s ma kboqua gid`t m'äto`kbädtä, na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou A.? at na ]ohnaou na ]ohnaou A.8 mi``a`t no räjära`ka at nas mdla`sdi`s D[I ;:6?-?, od`sd qua nas räjära`kas killarkdonas äqudvona`tas.
A.8
Gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä at eor`dturas piur nas vo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8, O;, K? at K8
Nas gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä si`t ki`åus piur çtra kilpotdhnas ovak nas hrdmas kiundsso`tas D[I V@ ?6.
]ohnaou A.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä at typas at mdla`sdi`s ma eor`dturas piur vo``as popdnni` ma typa O?, O8, O;, K? at K8 Gid`ts ma hrdma Gid`t tirdqua M@
Eirea
Xäjära`kas killarkdonas äqudvona`tas
ll
Xäjära`kas
Mdla`sdi`s Ò d`t Õ kirm Õ Ò axt ll
81
==,8 Õ 12,8 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;82
=:,44 Õ 1,;; Õ 15,:1
IX:?25 ‛ H[;82 ‛ X;?
16
56,6 Õ 2=,6 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;;:
58,;4 Õ 1,;; Õ 2;,61
IX:825 ‛ H[;;: ‛ X;4
26
42,1 Õ ??8,1 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;=1
?66,45 Õ 1,;; Õ ???,:1
IX:=66 ‛ H[;=1 ‛ X=2
?66
?82,1 Õ ?=5,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =;?
?;8,58 Õ :,44 Õ ?=:,56
IX2181 ‛ H[=;? ‛ X14
?81
?1=,8 Õ ?5;,6 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =;2
?12,?8 Õ :,44 Õ ?58,?6
IX2:81 ‛ H[=;2 ‛ X::
?16
?2:,6 Õ 86=,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==;
?24,25 Õ :,44 Õ 86;,21
IX2516 ‛ H[==; ‛ X5?
?51
8??,1 Õ 8;6,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==:
8?1,85 Õ :,44 Õ 884,81
IX2216 ‛ H[==: ‛ X5=
866
8;5,6 Õ 811,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==2
8=6,:5 Õ :,44 Õ 81=,:1
IX2416 ‛ H[==2 ‛ X5:
816
825,1 Õ ;6:,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =18
84?,=5 Õ :,44 Õ ;61,=1
IX2??16 ‛ H[=18 ‛ X26
;66
;;2,1 Õ ;15,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =1:
;=8,85 Õ :,44 Õ ;1:,81
IX2?;16 ‛ H[=1: ‛ X2=
DAK :665: 88 578686 DAK78686
A.;
?81
Gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä at eor`dturas piur nas vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 ]ohnaou A.8 ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas gid`ts m'äto`kbädtä at typas at mdla`sdi`s ma eor`dturas piur vo``as popdnni` ma typa H? at H8 Gid`ts ma hrdma Gid`t tirdqua
M@
Eirea
Mdla`sdi`s Ò d`t Õ kirm Õ Ò axt
Xäjära`kas killarkdonas äqudvona`tas
ll
Xäjära`kas
ll
81
;=,5 Õ =2,5 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;81
;5,=5 Õ 1,;; Õ =2,?;
IX:?16 ‛ H[;81 ‛ X82
16
56,6 Õ 2=,6 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;;:
58,;4 Õ 1,;; Õ 2;,61
IX:825 ‛ H[;;: ‛ X;4
26
42,1 Õ ??8,1 Õ ;,:
D[I ;:6?-?, ;=1
?66,45 Õ 1,;; Õ ???,:1
IX:=66 ‛ H[;=1 ‛ X=2
?66
??1,5 Õ ?;=,1 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =85
?86,68 Õ :,44 Õ ?;=,66
IX2=51 ‛ H[=85 ‛ X11
?81
?=?,1 Õ ?:6,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =;1
?=1,=8 Õ :,44 Õ ?14,=6
IX2151 ‛ H[=;1 ‛ X:;
?16
?:5,6 Õ ?21,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==6
?56,28 Õ :,44 Õ ?2=,26
IX2:51 ‛ H[==6 ‛ X:2
?51
?2:,6 Õ 86=,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==;
?24,25 Õ :,44 Õ 86;,21
IX2516 ‛ H[==; ‛ X5?
866
8??,1 Õ 8;6,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, ==:
8?1,85 Õ :,44 Õ 884,81
IX2216 ‛ H[==: ‛ X5=
816
851,6 Õ 84;,2 Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =1?
852,55 Õ :,44 Õ 848,51
IX2??66 ‛ H[=1? ‛ X54
;66
;81,1 Õ ;==,; Õ =,5
D[I ;:6?-?, =11
;84,15 Õ :,44 Õ ;=;,11
IX2?;66 ‛ H[=11 ‛ X2;
?8:
DAK :665: 88 578686 DAK78686
O``axa J (d`jirlotdva) Hiàtas æ hir`as ‛ Mdla`sdi`s ma li`toea l i`toea präjära`tdannas
]odnna O at H
]odnna K at M
Jdeura J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas hiàtas æ hir`as ma todnna O, H, K at M ]ohnaou J.? ‛ Mdla`sdi`s mas hiàtas æ hir`as ma todnna O, H, K at M Mdla`sdi`s a` ldnndlâtras @¶ ma ]odnna hir`as : ? L Ò O ld` æ lox
O
Ò K
@
Ò J
Ò E
[
Ò H
A ld`
Ò N
L lox
@ lox ?
O
? æ 1;
;?1
856
2
?2
8:
86
866
86
?=?
?æ2
=6
16 Õ ?,1
:1
H
? æ ;:
821
8=6
2
?2
8:
?:
?5=
86
??6
?æ2
=6
;8 Õ ?,1
:1
K
? æ ?8
?:1
?26
=
?2
8:
?:
??6
86
??6
?æ=
=6
;8 Õ ?,1
:1
M
?æ:
?86
?81
=
?8
?:
?1
28
86
??8
?æ=
=6
81 Õ ?,1
:1
@I]A Nas todnna todnnass K at M pauva`t äeonala`t ovidr ovidr u`a hrdma hrdma kdrkunodra. kdrkunodra. ?
B C ld` lox æ lox
Zonaur piur hir`as ma tro`sjirlotaur ma kiuro`t u`dquala`t.
DAK :665:-88-578686 DAK78686
‛ ?85 ‛
Hdhndieropbda DAK :665:-1, ]ro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka ‛ Vortda 17 ]a`ua ou kiurt-kdrkudt DAK :665:-:, ]ro`sjirlotaurs ma pudsso`ka ‛ Vortda :7 hihd`as m'd`mukto`ka DAK :6811-178666, Xanods änaktrdquas ‛ Vortda 17 Kiirmd`otdi` ma n'dsinala`t mas ranods ma lasura at mas mdspisdtdjs ma pritaktdi` ‛ Vraskrdptdi`s at assods
D[I 166;786?:, Jnot hittil (Zde`ina) rodnwoy rodns =; ce/l o`m ohiva (mdspi`dhna a` o`enods u`dquala`t) A@ ?;:5=-?, Oppndkotdi`s jarrivdodras ‛ Zida ‛ Xodns ‛ Vortda ?7 rodns Zde`ina ma lossa supärdaura iu äeona æ =: ce/l
KIQXHI@, G. Konkun mas strukturas, ]bäirda ma n'änostdkdtä. ]akb`dquas ma n'D`eä`daur , OJ= O;61 O;6 1 YYYY YY YYYY YYYYY YYY YY
D@]AX@O]DI@ON ANAK]XI]AKB@DKON KILLD[[DI@ KILLD[[DI@ ;, rua ma Zoralhä VI Hix ?;? KB-?8?? Ea`avo 86 [wdtzarno`m ]an7 + =? 88 4?4 68 ?? d`jiFdak.kb www.dak.kb
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