International Airport

 

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM

INTRODUCTION

An airport  is an aerodrome aerodrome   with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air  transport. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft aircraft,, and a control tower . An airport consists of a landing area, area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway runway for  for a plane a plane to  to take off  or

a helipad helipad,, and

often oft en

includ inc ludes es

towers,, hangars towers hangars and  and terminals terminals..

Larg La rger er

adjace adj acent nt airp ai rpor orts ts

utili uti lity ty may ma y

buildi bui ldings ngs

such suc h

havee fixed hav fixed-base -base

as control operator  operat or 

services,, airport aprons, services aprons, taxiway bridges, bridges, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges lounges,, and emergency services. services.

An airport with a helipad, or several, but no runways is called a heliport heliport.. An airport for use by seaplanes seaplanes and  and amphibious aircraft is aircraft is called a seaplane base. base. Such a base typically includes a stretch of open water for takeoffs takeoffs   and landings landings,, and seaplane docks for tying-up.

An airport is a gateway to a city. For a city to attract and retain corporations with national and global ties – as well as talented people to work for them – efficient, functional airports that are easily reached will be increasingly important. A city’s airport is a first impression and a last impression. It facilitates face-to-face communication,

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str striki ikingl ngly y imp import ortant ant to gen genera eratin ting g inn innovat ovation ion.. The imp import ortance ance of air airpor ports ts as glo global bal  business hubs is now being recognized globally. In some parts of the world, entire cities or at least fully functioning suburbs are being built around airports in a phenomenon known kno wn as th thee ae aero rotr tropo opoli lis. s. Ai Airp rpor orts ts ar aree th thee bu buil ildi ding ng of th thee fu futu ture re fo forr th thei eirr de deep ep importance to the society and the advancement in technology make them to be more modern and dynamic than any other public building. Airports are among the most significant public building types of the modern age. Airports play an important role in shap sh apin ing g th thee gl globa oball im imag agee of th thei eirr su surr rrou ound ndin ing g en envi viro ronm nment ent.. Th They ey ar aree al also so ma majo jor  r  economic centers and generators of wealth. As facilitators of trade and tourism, airports are key to economic development and to connecting people.

An international

airport  has airport 

additional additi onal

facilitie facil itiess

for customs customs and  and passport  passport

control   as well as incorporating all of the aforementioned elements. Such airports rank  control among the most complex and largest of all built typologies with 15 of the top 50  buildings

by

floor

area   being area

an airport airport with  with customs customs and  and border  border

airport airpo rt

terminals term inals..

An inte interna rnation tional al

control   facil control facilities ities enabli enabling ng

airport air port is

passengers pass engers to travel

 between countries countries.. International airports are typically larger than domestic airports and airports and often feature longer runways runways   and facilities to accommodate the heavier aircraft commonly used for international and intercontinental travel. International airports often also host domestic flights. flights. Some, such as Heathrow Airport in Airport in the United Kingdom, are very large. Others, such as Fa'a'ā International Airport  Airport  in Tahiti, are quite small. Buildings, operations and management have become increasingly sophisticated since the mid 20t 20th h cen centur tury, y, whe when n int intern ernati ational onal air airpor ports ts bega began n to pro provid videe inf infras rastr truct ucture ure for 

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international civilian flights. Detailed technical standards have been developed to ensure safety and common coding systems implemented to provide global consistency. The  physical structures that serve millions of individual passengers and flights are among the most complex and interconnected in the world. By the second decade of the 21st century, there were over 1,200 international airports and almost two billion international  passengers along with 50 million metric tonnes of cargo were passing through them annually.

Thee Phili Th Philipp ppin ines es is a count country ry comp compos osed ed of over over 7,00 7,000 0 isla island nds, s, and and thus thus the the improv imp roveme ement nt of air transpor transportt is consid considere ered d to be a cri criti tical cal factor factor for the country country’s ’s development. Assuring the efficiency of transport services to meet the needs of dynamic market demand was one of the major objectives of in the Philippines’ transport sector, as outlined in the Medium-Term Development Plan 1993-98. The Government undertook a strategy of continuously upgrading transport facilities and service standards to ensure that qualita qual itativ tivee and quantit quantitati ative ve improv improveme ements nts kept kept pace pace with with traffi trafficc gro growth wth.. Thus, Thus, the upgrading of Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) was given priority through the construction of Terminal 2. The importance of air transport in the Philippines continues to grow. The Medium Term Development Plan 1999-2004 states that, “consistent with the globalization of the economy, the development of more international gateways to cater to different regional markets and the upgrading of domestic airports to international standards will be pursued to attract domestic linkages with foreign carriers.” In this light, the current project has maintained its relevance with the Government’s development  policy to the present.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Air transp transport ortati ation on in the Phili Philippi ppines nes is impera imperativ tivee for the countr country’s y’s sociosocioeconomic development and for its interaction with the international community. Ninoy Aquino Aqui no Intern Internati ationa onall Airpor Airportt (NAIA) (NAIA),, locate located d in the capital capital of the countr country, y, han handle dless almost 100% of the country’s international flights and more than 60% of its domestic flights. The number of passengers passing through NAIA was already 5.2 million per  year for international and 3 million for domestic flights in 1992. Although the volume was still growing rapidly, passenger traffic had already exceeded the respective capacities of the airport’s terminals, which stood at 4.3 million for international flights and 2 million for domestic flights. As a result, both international and domestic terminals were heavily congested with passengers. In order to cope with the future demand for air transport and to ensure smoothness, comfort, and security for the passengers, the construction of a new terminal became a priority project for the national air transport sector program of the Philippines. City Airport is not enough to accommodate more passengers and other types of aircraft, and it is, somehow, the technology has been left out of time. The problems that is addressed by the researchers are the following:

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

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The scope of this proposal is to design an iconic image to the Province of  Camari Cam arines nes Sur recogni recogniti tion on in aviati aviation. on. This This airpor airportt offers offers an intern internati ational onal feels feels to  passengers. Thee pr Th prin inci cipa pall obje object ctiv ivee of the the st stud udy y is to provi provide de the the best best so solu luti tion onss to the the  problems addressed by the researchers. Specifically, to provide a new international airport that can accommodate more types of an aircraft, improve and propose a facilities which have been omitted, and to provide aesthetically and functional airport terminal that can please tourist and the comfort of the everyday passengers. Thus, the study will aim to im impr prov ovee the the overa overall ll im imag agee of th thee Ph Phil ilip ippi pines nes Ai Airr Tr Tran ansp spor ortt Syste System m and also also the the Camarines Sur itself to ameliorate tourism.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

Scope

The scope of this study deals with evaluation, architectural, planning and concept of the New International Airport. The factors, laws, policies, and guidelines affecting the  present condition of the site proposal and determining the physical development needed to provide and support of the said study. This involve the connection of pertinent data statistical information to support the Design Stage of the study.  Delimitation

The proposed solution is the delimited on Architectural Design matters. This will not includ includee the areas areas that that need an extens extensive ive specia specializ lizati ation, on, such such as str struct uctura urall and electrical computations. The detailed budget and estimate of construction cost. Construction time table and the likes will also not be included in the proposal.

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DEFINITION OF TERMS

Accident

An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which, in the case of a manned aircraft, aircraft, takes takes place between between the time any person boards boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked, or in the case of an unmanned aircraft, takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down, in which: (a) a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of: - being in the aircraft, or - direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have  become detached from the aircraft, or - direct exposure to jet blast, except when the injuries are from natural causes, self-inflicted or inflicted by other persons, or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew; or (b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which:

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- adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and - wou would ld normal normally ly requir requiree major major repair repair or replac replaceme ement nt of the affect affected ed component, except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limit limited ed to a single single engine engine,, (incl (includi uding ng its cow cowlin lings gs or access accessori ories) es),, to  propellers, wing tips, antennas, probes, vanes,

tires, brakes, wheels,

fairings, panels, landing gear doors, windscreens, the aircraft skin (such as small dents or puncture holes), or for minor damages to main rotor blades, tail rotor blades, landing gear, and those resulting from hail or bird strike (including holes in the radome); or Accuracy

A degree of conformance between the estimated or measured value and the true value. Aerodrome. A defined area on land or water (including any  buildings, installations, and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in  part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft. Aerodrome mapping data (AMD). Data collected for the purpose of compiling aerodrome mapping information for aeronautical uses Note: - Aerodrome mapping data are collected for purposes that include the improvement of the user’s situational awareness, surface navigation operations, training, charting and planning. Aerodrome mapping database (AMDB)

A collection of aerodrome mapping data organized and arranged as a structured data set.

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Aerodrome reference point

The designated geographical location of an aerodrome. Aircraft parking  position. A designated area on an apron intended to be used for parking an aircraft, also known as an aircraft stand. Airside

The movement area of an aerodrome, adjacent terrain and buildings or   portions thereof, to which access is controlled. Apron

A defined area on a land aerodrome intended to accommodate aircraft for  the purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fueling, parking, or maintenance. Clearway

A defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of an appropriate authority; at the end of the take-off run available on the ground or  water under the control of the aerodrome operator, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height. Critical aeroplane

The aeroplane or aeroplanes identified from among the aeroplanes the aerod aer odro rome me is in inte tende nded d to serv servee as havi having ng the the most most dema demand ndin ing g opera operati tion onal al requirements with respect to the determination of movement area dimensions,

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 pavement bearing strength and other physical characteristics in the design of  aerodromes. Critical obstacle

The obstacle within the take-off climb area and/or the approach area, which subtends the greatest vertical angle when measured from the inner edge of  the take off climb surface and/or the approach surface. Cross-wind component

The surface wind component at right angles to the runway centerline. Elevation

The vertical distance of a point or a level, on or affixed to the surface of  the earth, measured from the mean sea level. Fixed light

A light having constant luminous intensity when observed from a fixed  point. Holding bay

A define defined d area area where where aircra aircraft ft can be held, held, or bypasse bypassed, d, to facili facilitat tatee efficient surface movement of aircraft. Hot spot

A location on an aerodrome movement area with a history or potential risk  of collision or runway incursion, and where heightened attention by pilots/drivers is necessary.

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Incident

An occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation.  Note:

- The types of incidents which are of main interest to the International Civil Aviation Organization for accident prevention studies are listed. Landing area

That part of a movement area intended for the landing or take-off of  aircraft. Landing direction indicator

A device to indicate visually the direction currently designated for landing and for take-off. Light failure

A light shall be deemed to be unserviceable when the main beam average intensity is less than 50% of the value specified in the appropriate figure showing the isocandela diagram. For light units where the designed main beam average intensity is above the value shown in the isocandela diagram, the 50% value shall  be related to that design value. (When assessing the main beam, specified angles of beam elevation, toe-in and beam spread shall be taken into consideration). Lighting system reliability

The probability that the complete installation operates within the specified tolerances and that the system is operationally usable.

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Maneuvering area

That part of the aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing of aircraft, excluding aprons. Marker

An object displayed above ground level in order to indicate an obstacle or delineate a boundary. Marking

A symbol or group of symbols displayed on the surface of the movement area in order to convey aeronautical information. Mass

The terms mass and weight used in aerodrome standards have the same meaning. Movement

Either a take-off or a landing by an aircraft. Movement area

That part of the aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing of aircraft, consisting of the maneuvering area and the apron(s). Near parallel runways

 Non-intersecting runways whose extended centerlines have an angle of  convergence/divergence of 15° or less. Obstacle

All fixed (whether temporary or permanent) and mobile objects, or parts thereof, that:

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(a) are located on an area intended for the surface movement of aircraft; or  (b) extend above a defined surface intended to protect aircraft in flight; or (c) stand outside those defined surfaces and have been assessed as being a hazard to air navigation. Road

An establ establish ished ed surfac surfacee route route on the movement movement area area meant meant for the exclusive use of vehicles. Runway

A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-off of aircraft. Runway end safety area (RESA)

An area symmetrical about the extended runway centerline and adjacent to the end of the runway strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the runway. Runway guard light

A light system intended to caution pilots or vehicle drivers that they are about to enter an active runway. Runway strip. A defined area including the runway, and stopway if provided, intended: (a) to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway; and (b) to protect aircraft flying over it during take-off or landing operations. Runway Turn Pad

A defined area on a land aerodrome adjacent to a runway intended for the  purpose of completing a 180-degree turn on a runway.

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Runway visual range (RVR)

The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the centerline of the runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or identifying its centerline. Safety programme

An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improving safety. Safety management system (SMS)

A systematic approach to managing safety including the necessary organizational structure, accountabilities, policies and procedures. Signal area

An area on an aerodrome used for the display of ground signals. Station declination

An alignment variation between the zero degree radial of a VOR and true north, determined at the time the VOR station is calibrated. Stopway

A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of the take-off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take-off. Switch-over time (light)

The time required for the actual intensity of a light measured in a given direction to fall from 50% and recover to 50% during a power supply changeover, when the light is being operated at intensities of 25% or above. Take-off runway

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A runway intended for take-off only. Taxiway

A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of aircraft and intended to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome from another, including: (a) Aircra Aircraft ft st stand and (parki (parking ng posit position ion)) taxila taxilane. ne. A porti portion on of an apron apron designated as a taxiway and intended to provide access to aircraft parking  positions only. (b) Apron taxiway. A portion of a taxiway system located on an apron and intended to provide a through taxi route across the apron. (c) Rapid exit taxiway. A taxiway connected to a runway at an acute angle and designed to allow landing aeroplanes to turn off at higher speeds than are achieved on other exit taxiways thereby minimizing runway occupancy times. Taxiway intersection

A junction of two or more taxiways. Taxiway strip

An area including a taxiway intended to protect an aircraft operating on the taxiway and to reduce the risk of damage to an aircraft accidentally running off the taxiway. Threshold

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The beginning of that portion of the runway usable for landing. Touchdown zone. The portion of a runway, beyond the threshold, where it is intended landing aeroplanes first contact the runway. Visibility

The ability, as determined by atmospheric conditions and expressed in units of distance, to see and identify prominent unlit objects by day and prominent lit objects by night. Visual meteorological conditions (VMC)

Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling, equal or better than specified minima. Weight

The terms weight and mass used in aerodrome standards have the same meaning. CHAPTER II RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

RELATED LITERATURE 

Ninoy Aquino International Airport

The Ninoy

Aquino

Inte terrnat atiion ona al

Airrport  (Filipino Ai Filipino:: Paliparang 

 Pandaigdig ng Ninoy Aquino) or NAIA  (/ˈnaɪə/ /ˈnaɪə/), ), formerly known and still A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

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commonly

referred

to

Airport (  (IATA IATA:: MNL, ICAO ICAO:: RPLL)

as Manila as

well

as

its

International

codename  Nichols

Field (Nichols) (Nichols), is th thee ai airp rpor ortt se serv rvin ing g Manila Manila   and its surro surrounding unding metropolitan

area.. Located along the border between the cities of Pasay area Pasayand and Parañaque Parañaque,, about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of Manila proper and southwest of Makati Makati,, NAIA is the main international gateway for travelers to the Philippines Philippines   and serves as a hub for AirAsia Philippines, Philippines, Cebgo Cebgo,, Cebu Pacific, Pacific, PAL Express, Express, and Philippine Airlines.. It is managed by the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA), Airlines Authority  (MIAA), a  branch of the Department of Transportation (DOTr). Transportation (DOTr).  Officially, NAIA is the only airport serving the Manila Manila area.  area. However, in  practice, both NAIA and Clark International Airport, Airport, located in the Clark Freeport Zone   in Pampanga Zone Pampanga serve  serve the Manila area, with Clark catering mostly to low-cost carriers because of its lower landing fees compared to those charged at NAIA. In the recent past there have been calls for Clark to replace NAIA eventually as the  primary airport of the Philippines.[4]  The airport is named after the late Senator Ben Benign igno o "Ni "Ninoy" noy" Aqui Aquino, no, Jr. Jr.,, who was assassinated assassinated   at th thee ai airp rpor ortt in 1983. In 2017, all terminals at NAIA handled a record-breaking annual passenger  traffic of 42,022,484, an increase of 5.96% from the previous year.

Francisco Bangoy International Airport

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Fr Fran anci cisc sco o

 Pangkalibutan

sa

Bang Ba ngoy oy

Inte In tern rnat atio iona nall

 (Cebuano Cebuano:: Tugpahanang  Airp Ai rpor ortt (

Filipino:: Paliparang Pandaigdig Francisco Bangoy, Filipino

ng 

 Francisco Bangoy), also known and still commonly referred to as  Davao  International

Airport   (IATA IATA:: DVO, ICAO ICAO:: RPMD),

is

the

main

airport

serving Davao City and City and Davao Region in Region in the Philippines Philippines.. It is the busiest airport on the island of Mindanao Mindanaoand and the third busiest in the Philippines Philippines.. The airport has a single 3,000-meter precision runway runway.. A new terminal replaces the previous airport terminals, which lie just across it, in handling both domestic and international flights operating to and from Davao. Dava o. The mod modern ern fac facil ility ity is des design igned ed to hand handle le app approx roxima imatel tely y 2 mil milli lion on  passengers annually a nnually and 84,600 metric tons of cargo annually. The added capacity is also complemented by the latest navigational, security, and baggage handling equipment. The modernization and upgrading of the airport facilities aims to cement Davao as a hub for tourism and foreign investment in the region. Development was funded by a forty million-dollar loan from the Asian Development Bank , cofinanced by the European Investment Bank   for twenty-five million ECUs ECUs,, and A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

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through budgetary allocations from the government. The total cost of the project amounted to $128 million. After Aft er alm almost ost a dec decade ade,, the new ter termi minal nal was finally finally ina inaugur ugurate ated d on December 2, 2003. Initial construction began in 2000 while plans for construction were announced in 1992. On November 12, 2007, Cebu Pacific  Pacific  announced this airport as its third hub hub.. Philippine Airlines, Airlines, the country's flag carrier, announced this airport as its third hub on March 26, 2018.

Puerto Princesa International Airport

Puerto

Princesa

International

Filipino:: Paliparang  Airport  (Filipino

 Pandaigdig ng Puerto Princesa; Hiligaynon Hiligaynon:: Pangkalibutan nga Hulugpaan sang  A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

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IATA:: PPS, ICAO ICAO:: RPVP) is an airport airport   servi serving ng the genera generall  Puerto Princesa) (IATA area of Puerto Princesa, Princesa, located in the province of Palawan Palawan in  in the Philippines Philippines.. It is classi cla ssifie fied d as an int intern ernati ational onal air airpor portt by the Civ Civil il Avi Aviati ation on Aut Author hority ity of the Philippines.. Philippines The airport is the main gateway to the Puerto Princesa Underground River , a UNESCO World Heritage Site and Site and one of the New the New 7 Wonders of Nature Nature..

Subic Bay International Airport

Subic Bay International Airport (  (Filipino Filipino: Paliparang Pandaigdig ng 

 Look ng Subic) or SBIA (  (IATA IATA:: SFS, ICAO ICAO:: RPLB) se serv rves es as a se seco cond ndar ary y

airport and a main diversion airport of the Ninoy the  Ninoy Aquino International Airport. It is also the airport serving the immediate area of the Subic Bay Freeport Zone, the municipalit munici pality y

of Morong Morong,,

Bataan  and Bataan

the

general

area

Olongapo in of Olongapo 

the Philippines. Thi Thiss air airpor portt was pre previo viousl usly y Naval Air Station Cubi Point Point of   of  the United States Navy.

General Santos International Airport

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General Santos International Airport, (stylized as General Santos City Airport)( )(Cebuano Cebuano:: Tugpahanang

Pangkalibutanon

sa

Heneral  

Santos, Hiligaynon Hiligaynon:: Pangkalibutan nga Hulugpaan sang Heneral Santos),

(IATA IATA:: GES, ICAO ICAO:: RPMR ) is an alternate international airport located in the citty ci

of Ge Gene nera rall

Santo San toss, Philippines Philippines   se serv rviing

the

grea gr eate terr

area ar ea

of SOCCSKSARGEN SOCCSKSARGEN   (R (Reg egio ion n XI XII) I).. Si Situ tuat ated ed in Pr Prk k Ne New w Hon Honda dagua gua,, Uh Uhaw aw,, Barangay Fatima, the airport is the largest airport in the island of Mindanao[2] and is officially classified an International Airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of  the Phili Philippines ppines   (CAA (CAAP), P), a governm government ent bureau which is respo responsibl nsiblee in the management and operations of General Santos International Airport and all other  airports in the country except regular international airports. Inaugurated on July 6, 1996 in time to serve the influx of visitors, athletes and participants coming in from different parts of the country who were taking  part in the 42nd annual Palaro Palarong ng Pamban Pambansa sa (  ( National  National Games) that was held in South Cotaba Cotabato to,, Sarangani Sarangani and  and Genera Generall Santos Santos   (SO (SOCSA CSARGE RGEN) N) are areaa at tha thatt time. tim e. Sin Since ce the then, n, the new air airpor portt imm immedi ediate ately ly rep replac laced ed the old and sma small ller  er  Buayan Airport in Barangay Buayan, which is now converted into an air station A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

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for the use of The Philippine Air Force and Force and renamed it "Rajah "Rajah Buayan Air Base". Base". Though Thou gh new, wid wider er and muc much h mod modern ern,, Gen Genera erall Sant Santos os Int Intern ernati ational onal Air Airpor portt neverth neve rthele eless ss ret retain ained ed its old IAT IATA A air airpor portt code code(G (GES ES)) fr from om th thee ol old d Bu Buaya ayan n Airport.

Iloilo International Airport

Hiligaynon:: Pangkalibutan nga Hulugpaan Hulugpa an Iloilo International Airport  (Hiligaynon  sang

Iloilo, Filipino Filipino:: Paliparang

Pandaigdig

ng

Iloilo)

(IATA IATA:: ILO, ICAO ICAO:: RPVI), also known as Iloi Iloilo lo Airp Airport ort, an and d as Cabatuan municipalit pality y Airport, after the munici

of Cabatuan, Iloilo  Iloilo  where this airpo airport rt is

located, locat ed, and somet sometimes imes errone erroneously ously as Santa Barbara Airport  for the nearby municipality of Santa Barbara, Iloilo, Iloilo, is the airport serving the province of Iloilo Iloilo   in th thee Philippines Philippines,, inc includ luding ing its cap capita itall cit city, y, Iloil Iloilo o City City,, th thee re regi giona onall center of the Western Visayasregion. Visayasregion. It opened its doors to commercial traffic on June 14, 2007 after a decade of planning and construction, replacing Mandurriao Airport in Airport  in Mandurriao, Iloilo City  City  which had been in service for over seventy years. As a result, the new airport inherited its IATA and ICAO airport codes, as

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welll as it itss pos posit ition ion as the fou fourth rth-bu -busie siest st air airpor portt in the Phi Phili lippi ppines, nes, fro from m its wel  predecessor. It is the first airport in both Western Visayas and the island of Panay Panay to  to be built to international standards, and it is also considered to be the  primary gateway into the region. It is classified as an international airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines. Philippines. The airport is located in Cabatuan, Iloilo, Iloilo, 24 kilometers (15 mi) northwest of Iloilo City on a 188-hectare 188-hectare   (460-acre) site spread across Barangays Tabucan, Tiring, Gaub, Duyan-Duyan and Manguna. The airport complex consists of a single runway, various administrative and maintenance buildings, waste-sorting and water-treatment facilities, a power-generating station, a cargo terminal, and a main passenger terminal. Its location on the Tomas Confesor   Highway, a major  highway transversing the island, makes the airport accessible from all parts of  Iloilo and Panay by road, while its proximity to the currently defunct Panay Railways network Railways  network could potentially link the airport to the rest of Panay by rail. Built in slightly over 30 months, Iloilo International Airport is one of the largest airports to be constructed in the Philippines. At its inauguration, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo  Macapagal-Arroyo  remarked that the airport was the most  beautiful and modern in the country and called it a symbol of both political will and economic maturity.

Kalibo International Airport

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 (Aklanon Aklanon:: Pangkalibutan nga Paeoparan Kalibo International Airport ( it

Kalibo, Hiligaynon Hiligaynon:: Pangkalibutan

 Kalibo, Filipino Filipino:: Paliparang

nga

Pandaigdig

Hulugpaan ng

sang  Kalibo)

(IATA IATA:: KLO, ICAO ICAO:: RPVK ) is an international airport  airport  that serves the general area of Kalibo Kalibo,, the capital of the province of Aklan Aklan in  in the Philippines Philippines,, and is one of two airports serving Boracay Boracay,, the other being Godofredo P. Ramos Airport also Airport also known as Caticlan Airport in Airport in the town of Malay Malay.. It is the fastest growing airport in the Philippines in terms of passenger traffic with more than 50% growth in 2010, and 2nd fastest for seats offered for June 2014 over the corresponding month of the  previous year (20%). The airport is classified as an international airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, Philippines , a body of the Depart Department ment of  Transportation and Communications  Communications  responsible for the operations of all airports in the Philippines except major international airports. The airport is situated 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of the main area of  Kalibo and 68 kilometres (42 mi) from Caticlan port in Malay. Kalibo International Airport services international destinations such as Taipei, Seoul–  A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

23

 

Incheon, Busan, Shanghai, Chengdu, Hong Kong and Singapore. It offers more international destinations than domestic destinations.

Laoag International Airport 

Laoag International Airport ( Sangalubongan ubongan a Pagpat Pagpatayaban ayaban  (Ilokano Ilokano:: Sangal

ti

Filipino:: Paliparang Laoag, Filipino

Pandaigdig

ng

Laoag )

(IATA IATA:: LAO, ICAO ICAO:: RPLI) is the main airport airport   servi serving ng the genera generall area of Laoag Laoag,, the capital city of the province of Ilocos Norte in Norte in the Philippines Philippines.. It is the only airport in Ilocos Norte and is the northernmost international airport in the Philippines by geographical location. The airport is a popular charter destination for tourists from China China.. It has one 2,420-meter runway and is designated as a secondary/alternate international airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, Philippines , a body of  the Department of Transportation that Transportation  that is responsible for the operations of not only this airport but also of all other airports in the Philippines except the major  international airports.

Zamboanga International Airport A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

24

 

Za Zamb mboa oanga nga

Intern Int ernat ation ional al

Spanish,, Chavacano Chavacano:: Aeropuerto Airp Ai rport ort  (Spanish

 Internacional de Zamboanga; Filipino Filipino:: Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Zamboanga;

(IATA IATA:: ZAM, ICAO ICAO:: RPMZ) is th thee ma main in ai airp rpor ortt se serv rvin ing g Zambo Zamboanga anga City City in  in the Philippines Philippines.. Th Thee ai airp rpor ortt is Mindanao Mindanao's 's thir third-busi d-busiest est airpo airport rt after Francisco Bangoy International Airport in Airport in Davao City and City and Laguindingan Airport in Airport in Cagayan de Oro City. City. The airport covers a total land area of 270 hectares. The airport is officially classified as an international airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, Philippines, despite only offering scheduled domestic  passenger services. This is the same agency that runs not only Zamboanga International Airport, but all other airports in the Philippines except the major  international airports. Mactan–Cebu International Airport

A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

25

 

Macta tan n–Ceb ebu u

Inte terrnati tio ona nall

 (Cebuano Cebuano:: Tugpahanang  Airpor ortt (

 Pangkalibutan sa Mactan–Sugbo , Filipino Filipino:: Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Mactan–  Cebu) (IATA IATA:: CEB, ICAO ICAO:: RPVM) lo loca cate ted d in Centr Central al Visay Visayas as   re regi gion, on, is th thee

second busiest international airport  airport  in the Philippines Philippines.. It is located in Lapu-Lapu City on City  on Mactan Island, Island, a part of Metro Cebu. Cebu. The airport is managed by the Mactan–Cebu International Airport Authority. It covers an area of 797 hectares (1,970 acres). It has a single 3,300-meter (10,800 ft) runway that was built by the United States in States  in 1956 as an emergency airport for Strategic Air Command  Command  bombers and was known as the Mactan Air Base. Base. The runway is complemented by a full-length taxiwa tax iway y tha thatt it sha shares res with the current current Mactan Air Base  Base  of the Phili Philippine ppine Air  Force.. Force Mactan–Cebu International Airport was chosen as the most viable location for the world's largest aircraft, the  Antonov An-225 Mriya, to safely land when conside cons iderin ring g the com combin binati ation on of onw onward ard lan land d tra transp nsport ortati ation, on, sea fre freigh ight, t, and airport capacity. The arrival of the aircraft in the airport marked the very first time that the aircraft landed in the Philippines.

Clark International Airport

A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

26

 

Clark

Airport (  (IATA IATA:: CRK , ICAO ICAO:: RPLC)

International

(Kapampangan Kapampangan:: Pangyatung

Sulapawan

ning

Clark , Filipino Filipino:: Paliparang 

 Pandaigdig ng Clark ), ), is an airport that is an international gateway to

the Philippines Philippines within  within Cla Clark rk

Freepo Fre eport rt

Zonee in Mab Zon Mabala alacat cat

City Cit y,

loca lo cate ted d

43.2 NM 43.2  NM (80.0  (80.0 km; 49.7 mi) northwest of Manila Manila.. The airport is located in the  province

of Pampanga Pampanga   and

is

accessible access ible

through throu gh

the Subic–Clark–Tarlac

Expressway,, which is connected to the North Expressway the North Luzon Expressway Expressway.. Clark serves the general vicinity of central and northern Luzon Luzon.. The name is derived from the former American Clark Air Force Basewhich Basewhich was the largest overseas base of the United States Air Force  Force  until it was closed in 1991 and handed over to the Government of the Philippines. Philippines.

The air airpor portt is man manage aged d and oper operate ated d by Cla Clark rk Int Intern ernati ational onal Air Airpor portt Corporation (CIAC), a government-owned enterprise; enterprise; and the southern part of the facility is utilized by the Philippine Air Force as Force as Clark Air Base. Clark serves both international and domestic flights. A new passenger  terminal building is under construction and is expected to be finished in 2020.

Bicol International Airport A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

27

 

Bico coll Bi

Filipino:: Paliparang Pandaigdig Inter Int erna natio tional nal Air Airpo port rt  (Filipino

 Bikol , Bikol Bikol:: Pankinàban

na

Palayogan

kan

ng 

Bikol , Cebuano Cebuano::Tugpahanang 

 Pangkalibutan ng Bikol ) is an under-construction international airport airport   that will

serve Legazpi Legazpi,, the capital city of Albay Albay and  and the regional center of Bicol Region, Region, in the Philippines Philippines.. The airport is located in Daraga Daraga,, an adjacent municipality of Legazpi Legazpi.. The ₱3.5 ₱3. 5 bi bill llio ion n pr proj oject ect is on a 200 200-h -hect ectar aree pl plat atea eau u 15 ki kilo lome mete ters rs fr from om Mayon Volcano.. Some sources name the airport Sout Volcano Southern hern Luz Luzon on Int Interna ernation tional al Airport (Filipino: Paliparang

Pandaigdig

ng

Katimogang

Luzon,

Cebuano:Tugpahanang Pangkalibutan ng Katimogang Luzon). It will replace the old Legazpi Airport, Airport, which is only 2 to 3 kilometers from the volcano.

CHAPTER III A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

28

 

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the procedure in acquiring data, instruments, materials, research design methods that the proponents used in order to obtain sufficient data and information for the Proposed International Airport and materials used to gather all the necessary for the study in which are used as a reference for the data analysis.

Research Design

The research design used for the study were descriptive and analysis, during this  process some problems and factors were considered. Site inspection and survey, data gathered were reviewed and analyzed in the succeeding chapter. Also, related literature and studies were also used as a re basis in this study.

Data Gathering Procedure

Data gathering served as the foundation for the proposing solution for the  problems. Data were collected through the following: 1. Library Works

The researcher collected data through sources coming from related  published materials such as books, maps and existing plans of the public spaces that th at wi will ll hel help p fo forr th thee de devel velopm opmen entt of th thee pr propo opose sed d pr proj ojec ect. t. Al Also so,, in incu cude dess supplementary information related to the study through magazines, books and other related studies in connection with the study. A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

29

 

2. Ocular visit/ Site Inspection

Dataa fro Dat from m act actual ual sit sitee ins inspect pection ion and docu documen mentat tation ion of the stu study dy are areaa which includes the present existing conditions of the public spaces, surrounding  buildings and actual road conditions were considers. It also includes the investigation of the physical features, aspects of the site that determines the plans, details and external factors. 3. Interview/Research

Gathering data and eliciting information, or consulting straight from a  person having a greater knowledge in regards with the study. With the use of  question and answer format and open-ended conversation where questions are given spontaneously relative to the flow of the answer given by the responded.

Data Gathering Instrument 1. Questionnaires

The questionnaires given by the proponents to the respondents during oral investigation process. 2. Checklist for Site Inventory

Examining the existing the site features and conditions, road accessibility through documentation and picture taking were considers as a part of the actual site inspection

A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

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