Interferensi Dan Integrasi

 

DCD 3 _ABCMQJQCB 3.3 Jctcr Dajc`cbh Lcscjcm

Dcmcsc sadchci cjct `glubi`csi fcb ibtarc`si ycbh mcbyc filiji`i gjam lcbusi lcb usic, c, dcmcsc dcmcsc fcpct fcpct fi`cei fi`cei sakcrc sakcrc ibtarb ibtarbcj cj lcupub lcupub a`star a`starbcj bcj.. @ceicb @ceicb sakcrc sakcrc ibtarbcj crtibyc pabh`ceicb itu mcbyc fijc`u`cb tarmcfcp stru`tur ibtarb dcmcsc itu scec,, sapart scec sapartii stru`tu stru`turr ngbgjg ngbgjghis hisbyc byc,, lgrngj lgrngjgh ghisb isbyc yc ctcu stru`tu stru`turr sibtc` sibtc`sisb sisbyc. yc. @abh @a bh`c `cei eicb cb sa sakcr kcrcc a` a`sta starb rbcj cj tifc tifc` ` mc mcby bycc labh labhhu hubc bc`c `cb b pr prgs gsaf afur ur fc fcb b ta tagr grii jibhuisti` scec, tatcpi euhc labhhubc`cb tagri fcb prgsafur fisipjib jcib ycbh  dar`citcb fabhcb pabhhubccb dcmcsc itu. Liscjbyc sgsigjghi, psi`gjghi fcb cbtrgp cbt rgpgjg gjghi. hi. @ceicb @ceicb ycbh ycbh darsinc darsinctt cbtcr cbtcr fisipj fisipjib ib ibi (sgsig (sgsigjgh jghi, i, psi`gj psi`gjghi ghi fcb cbtrgpgjghi) sajcib ubtu` larulus`cb `cifcm-`cifcm tagratis cbtcrfisipjib euhc  darsinct tarcpcb. Crtibyc, mcsijbyc fihubc`cb ubtu` lalakcm`cb fcb labhctcsi lcscjcm- lcscjcm ycbh cfc fcjcl `amifupcb prc`tis lcsycrc`ct. @cei @c eicb cb sgsi sgsigj gjib ibhu huis isti ti` ` laru larupc pc`c `cb b

sc scjc jcm m sc sctu tu `c `cei eicb cb dc dcmc mcsc sc yc ycbh bh

lalpubyci dadarcpc paldcmcscb `aijlucb, ficbtcrcbyc ycitu Ibtarnarabsi fcb ibtahrcsi. Fuc tgpi` fcjcl sgsigjibhuisti` ibi tarecfi c`idct cfcbyc pabhhubccb fu fucc dc dcmc mcsc sc ctcu ctcu jadi jadim m fc fcjc jcl l lcsy lcsycrc crc`c `ctt tu tutu turr yc ycbh bh lujt lujtij ijib ibhu hucj cj.. Cfcb Cfcbyc yc `afwid `af widcmc cmcscc sccb b c`cb c`cb labild labilduj` uj`cb cb cfcbyc cfcbyc ibtarn ibtarnarab arabsi si fcb ibtahr ibtahrcsi csi dcmcsc. dcmcsc. Ibtarnarabsi dcmcsc ycitu pabyilpcbhcb bgrlc `adcmcsccb ycbh tarecfi fcjcl uecrcb fwidcmcscwcb `crabc `ac`rcdcbbyc tarmcfcp jadim fcri sctu dcmcsc, ycbh fisadcd`cb `crabc cfcbyc `gbtc` dcmcsc. [ajcib `gbtc` dcmcsc, nc`tgr pabyadcd tildujbyc ibtarnarabsi laburut Xaibrikm cfcjcm tifc` ku`upbyc `gsc`ctc suctu  dcmcsc fcjcl labhmcfcpi `alceucb fcb paldcmcrucb. [ajcib itu, euhc labhmijcbhbyc `ctc-`ctc ycbh ecrcbh fihubc`cb, `adutumcb c`cb sibgbil, fcb  prastisa dcmcsc suldar. @afwidcmcsccb pasartc tutur fcb tipisbyc `asaticcb tarmcfcp dcmcsc pabarilc euhc larupc`cb nc`tgr pabyadcd tarecfibyc ibtarnarabsi. Lc`cjcm ibi fisusub ubtu` lalabumi tuhcs lctc `ujicm sgsigjibhuisti`   pcfc `ceicb Ibtarnarabsi fcb ibtahrcsi fcjcl dcmcsc. @ceicb ibi euhc labecfi `ceicb pabtibh fcjcl pabhucsccb pabhucsccb `aijlucb `aijlucb jibhuisti` jibhuisti` fabhcb fiscbfibh` fiscbfibh`cb cb ijlu jcibbyc, ycitu sgsigjibhuisti`.

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3.4 Tuluscb Lcscjcm

3.

Cpc`cm ycbh filc`suf fabhcb ibtarnarabsi7

4.

Cpc`cm ycbh filc`suf fabhcb ibtahrcsi 7

3.; Vueucb Lc`cjcm

Fcri ruluscb lcscjcm fictcs fcpct fipargjam tueucb sadchci dari`ut 5 3.

Qbtu` labhctcmui tabtcbh ibtarnarabsi

4.

Qbtu` labhatcmui cpc ycbh filc`suf fabhcb ibtahrcsi

DCD II _ALDCMC[CB 4.3 Ibtarnarabsi

Istijcm ibtarnarcbsi partclc `cji fihubc`cb gjam Xaibraikm (391;) ubtu`  labyad lab yadut ut cfcbyc cfcbyc parudc parudcmcb mcb sistal sistal suctu suctu dcmcsc dcmcsc samudu samudubhc bhcb b fabhcb fabhcb cfcbyc cfcbyc  parsabtumcb dcmcsc tarsadut fabhcb ubsur-ubsur dcmcsc jcib ycbh fijc`u`cb gjam  pabutur dijibhucj. [afcbh`cb pabutur dijibhucj ycitu pabutur ycbh labhhubc`cb fuc dcmcsc sakcrc darhcbticb fcb pabutur lujtijibhucj ycitu pabutur ycbh fcpct labhhubc`cb dcbyc` dcmcsc sakcrc darhcbticb. Xaibraikm labhcbhhcp dcmwc ibtarnarabsi ibtarna rabsi sadchci sadchci haecjc pabyilpcbhcb pabyilpcbhcb fcri bgrlc-bgrl bgrlc-bgrlcc `adcmcsccb `adcmcsccb ycbh tarecfi pcfc pabhhubccb dcmcsc sagrcbh pabutur sadchci c`idct pabhabcjcbbyc tarmcfcp jadim fcri sctu dcmcsc, yc`bi c`idct `gbtc` dcmcsc.

Fcjc Fc jcl l pari parist stiw iwcc ibta ibtarn rnar arab absi si fihu fihubc bc`c `cb b ub ubsu surr dc dcmc mcsc sc jc jcib ib fc fcjc jcl l labhhubc`cb suctu dcmcsc, ycbh ficbhhcp suctu `ascjcmcb `crabc labyilpcbh fc fcri ri `c `cif ifcm cm ctcu ctcu cturc cturcb b dc dcmc mcsc sc yc ycbh bh fihu fihubc bc`c `cb. b. Fcb Fcb `a `alc lclp lpuc ucb b pa pabu butu tur  r   dijibhucj lcupub pabutur lujtijibhucj fcjcl labhhubc`cb dcmcsc tartabtu samibhhc samibh hc tarpabhcrum tarpabhcrum dcmcsc jcib larupc`cb larupc`cb pabyadcd pabyadcd tarecfibyc tarecfibyc ibtarnarabsi. ibtarnarabsi. @alclp @al clpucb ucb saticp saticp pabutu pabuturr tarmcf tarmcfcp cp dcmcsc dcmcsc ycbh ycbh partcl partclcc fihubc fihubc`cb `cb fabhcb fabhcb  dcmcsc `afuc itu darvcricsi. Arvib fcb Gshggf (39>153;9) labyctc`cb dcmwc  pabutur dar`alclpucb dardcmcsc saececr ei`c pabutur dijibhucj lalpubyci `alclpucb tarmcfcp dcmcsc 3 fabhcb dcmcsc 4 sclc dci`byc, crtibyc pabutur   dijibhucj tifc` lalpubyci `asujitcb ubtu` labhhubc`cb `afuc dcmcsc itu `cpcb

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scec fiparju`cb, `crabc tibfc` jc`u `afuc dcmcsc tarsadut tarpiscm fcb da`arec sabfiri-sabfiri. [afcbh`cb pabutur dar`alclpucb dcmcsc lcealu` ycitu pabutur  ycbh `alclpucb dardcmcsc 4 jadim rabfcm ctcu dardafc fabhcb `alclpucb  dardcmcsc 3, crtibyc cr tibyc pabutur lalpubyci `asujitcb fcjcl labhhubc`cb dcmcsc 4 `crabc `cr abc fipabh fipabhcru crumi mi dcmcsc dcmcsc 3. Mcrtlc Mcrtlcb b fcb [tgr` [tgr` (39845 (3984531 31)) tifc` tifc` labyad labyadut ut ibtarnarabsi sadchci ‒pabhckcucb‚ ctcu ‒ `a`ckcucb‚, lajcib`cb ‒`a`ajirucb‚, ycbh tarecfi sadchci c`idct tardcwcbyc `adicsccb-`adicsccb uecrcb dcmcsc idu ctcu ficja` `a fcjcl dcmcsc `afuc. Xaibraikm laldafc`cb tipa ibtarnarabsi fcjcl difcbh ngbgjghi labecfi5 ibtarna ibt arnarab rabsi si sudsti sudstitus tusii (pabut (pabutur ur Dcji), Dcji), ibtarn ibtarnarab arabsi si gv gvarf arfinar inarabs absicsi icsi (pabut (pabutur  ur  Vcpcbuji fcb Ecwc), ibtarnarabsi ubfarfanarabsi (pabutur Eapcbh), fcb ibtarnarabsi raibtarp raib tarpratc ratcsi si (pabut (pabutur ur Mcwci). Mcwci). Cmji Cmji jibhui jibhuisti` sti` afu`cs afu`csigb igbcj cj Xijjic Xijjicl l Lck`ay Lck`ay  darpabfcpct dcmwc ibtarnarabsi itu cfcjcm haecjc pabhhubccb ubsur- ubsur sctu  dcmcsc fcjcl dcmcsc jcibbyc `ati`c sagrcbh pabutur lalparhubc`cb dcmcsc dcmcsc itu. Nc`tgr utclc ycbh fcpct labyadcd`cb ibtarnarabsi itu cbtcrc jcib cfcjcm cfcbyc pardafccb fi cbtcrc dcmcsc suldar fcb dcmcsc scscrcb. _ardafccb ycbh tifc` scec fcjcl stru`tur dcmcsc lajcib`cb euhc `archclcb `gsc`ctcbyc. Haecjc Hae cjc itu sabfir sabfirii tarecf tarecfii sadchc sadchcii c`idct c`idct pabhab pabhabcjc cjcb b ctcu ctcu pabhif pabhifabt abtini` ini`csic csicb b  pabutur tarmcfcp ubsur-ubsur tartabtu fcri dcmcsc suldar, `aluficb lalc`cibyc fcjcl dcmcsc scscrcb. Fi sclpibh itu, saticp dcmcsc lcbcpub tifc` parbcm darcfc pcfc sctu `acfccb tartabtu. Ic sajcju darudcm sasuci fabhcb parudcmcb zclcb. [aticp dcmcsc lalpubyci kcrcbyc sabfiri-sabfiri fcjcl labhaldcbh`cb ubsur-ubsurbyc itu. _rgsas _rg sas par`al par`aldcb dcbhcb hcb ibi tarhcb tarhcbtub tubh h sajcib sajcib `apcfc `apcfc ubsur ubsur ibtarb ibtarbcj cj dcmcsc dcmcsc itu sabfiri, sabfir i, yc`bi yc`bi `asicpcb `asicpcb dcmcsc labarilc labarilc parudcmcb parudcmcb ycbh tarecfi pcfc dcmcsc itu sabfiri euhc pcfc nc`tgr a`starbcj dcmcsc, saparti tubtutcb `acfccb sgcicj dufcyc, tubtutcb par`aldcbhcb I_VA@, tubtutcb pgjiti` dcmcsc fcb jcibjc ib- jcib. Ibtarnarabsi ficbhhcp haecjc ycbh saribh tarecfi fcjcl pabhhubccb dcmcsc. Fi zclcb lgfarb ibi, parsabtumcb parsabtumcb dcmcsc sufcm safali`icb rulit, dci` sadchci sadchci c`idct fcri lgdijiscsi ycbh salc`ib tibhhi lcupub sadchci `alceucb ta`bgjghi `glubi`csi ycbh scbhct pasct, lc`c ibtarnarabsi fcpct fi`ctc`cb sadchci haecjc

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ycbh fcpct labhcrcm `apcfc parudcmcb dcmcsc tardascr, tarpabtibh fcb pcjibh fglibcb scct ibi. Dchi ycbh darfwidcmcsc (dijibhucj) cfc `alubh`ibcb tarfcpct ibtarnarabsi ctcu pabhckcucb. pabhckcucb. Ibtarna Ibtarnarabsi rabsi ycbh tarfcpct tarfcpct pcfc tibfc` jc`u dcmcsc pargrcbhcb, pargrcbhcb, fisadu fis adutt ibtarn ibtarnarab arabsi si parjc` parjc`ucb ucb (parng (parngrlc rlcbka bka ibtarna ibtarnarab rabka), ka), ycitu ycitu ycbh ycbh saribh saribh tarfcpct sawc`tu grcbh lcsim dajcecr suctu dcmcsc `afuc/csibh. Fcjcl mcj ibi fisadut haecjc ibtarnarabsi par`aldcbhcb ctcu ibtarnarabsi dajcecr (favajgplabtcj ctcu jacrbi jacrbibh bh ibtarna ibtarnarab rabka). ka)."" Laburu Laburutt Mcstuti Mcstuti.. Lgfuj Lgfuj sgsigj sgsigjibh ibhuis uisti` ti`.. Dcbfcr  Dcbfcr  Jclpubh.

4.4 Eabis Ibtarnarabsi 4.4.3 Ibtarnarabsi dubyi/Ngbati` 

Ibtarnarabsi Ibtarna rabsi tarecfi dijc pabutur itu labhifabti labhifabtini`csi ni`csi ngbal sistal dcmcsc  partclc (dcmcsc suldar ctcu dcmcsc ycbh scbhct `uct lalpabhcrumi sagrcbh  pabutur) fcb `aluficb lalc`cibyc fcjcl sistal dcmcsc `afuc (dcmcsc scscrcb). Fcjcl labhukcp`cb `aldcji dubyi itu, fic labyasuci`cb pabhukcpcbbyc fabhcb cturcb ngbati` dcmcsc partclc. _abutur fcri ecwc sajcju labcldcm`cb dubyi bcscj ycbh mglgrhcb fi lu`c `ctc-`ctc ycbh filujci fabhcb `gbsgbcb /d/, /f/, /h/, fc fcb b

/e/, /e/, liscj liscjby bycc

pc pcfc fc `c `ctc tc5/l 5/lDc Dcbf bfub ubh/ h/,,

/lDc /lDcji ji/, /, /b /bFc Fchi hibh bh/, /, /b /bFa Fapg pg`/ `/,,

/bhHgl /bh Hgldgb dgbh/, h/, /byEcld /byEcldi/ i/ fcjcl fcjcl pabhuk pabhukcpc cpcb b `ctc-`c `ctc-`ctc tc tarsad tarsadut ut taj tajcm cm tarecfi tarecfi ibtarnarabsi tctc dubyi dcmcsc Ecwc fcjcl dcmcsc Ibfgbasic. 4.4.4 Ibtarnarabsi Vctcdcmcsc/Lgrngjghi

Varecfi cpcdijc sagrcbh pabutur labhifabtini`csi lgrnal ctcu tctc dcmcsc  partclc fcb `aluficb labhhubc`cbbyc fcjcl dcmcsc `afuc. Ibtarnarabsi tctc  dabtu` `ctc ctcu lgrngjghi tarecfi dijc fcjcl paldabtu`cb `ctc-`ctc dcmcsc  partclc pabutur labhhubc`cb ctcu labyarcp cwcjcb ctcu c`mircb c`mircb dcmcsc `afuc. Liscjbyc cwcjcb `a- fcjcl `ctc `atcdrc`, samcrusbyc tartcdrc`, `aeadc`  samcrusbyc tareadc`, `a`akijcb samcrusbyc tarjcju `akij. Fcjcl dcmcsc Crcd cfc suni`s -wi fcb -bi ubtu` laldabtu` laldabtu` cfea`tin saparti fcjcl `ctc-`ctc `ctc-`ctc lcbusicwi, lcbusicwi,

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ibfarcwi, fcb haraecbi. Vipa jcib ibtarnarabsi ibi cfcjcm ibtarnarabsi stru`tur. Ycitu  palc`cicb stru`tur dcmcsc partclc fcjcl dcmcsc `afuc. Liscjbyc `cjilct fcjcl  dcmcsc Ibhhris, I cbf ly nriabf tajj tmct stgry tg ly nctmar sadchci mcsij tarealcmcb fcri scyc fcb talcb scyc labkaritc`cb karitc itu `apcfc cycm scyc. Fcjcl `cjilct dcmcsc Ibhhris tarsadut tclpc` pabhhubccb stru`tur dcmcsc fcjcl  dcmcsc Ibfgbasic. _cfcmcj tarealcmcb ycbh dci` tarsadut sadabcrbyc cfcjcm Ly nriabf cbf i tajj tmct stgry tg ly nctmar. 4.4.; Ibtarnarabsi Ibtarnarabsi @gsc`ctc/[ibtc`sis @gsc`ctc/[ibtc`sis

Ibtarna Ibt arnarab rabsi si ibi tarecf tarecfii `crabc `crabc palibf palibfcmc cmcb b lgrnal lgrnal ctcu ctcu `ctc `ctc dcmcsc dcmcsc  partclc `a fcjcl palc`cicb dcmcsc `afuc. Disc euhc tarecfi parjucscb palc`cicb `ctc dcmcsc partclc, yc`bi lalparjucs lc`bc `ctc ycbh sufcm cfc samibhhc `ctc fcsc fcscrr tars tarsad adut ut lalp lalpar argj gjam am `ctc `ctc dcru dcru ct ctcu cu dc dcm` m`cb cb hc hcdu dubh bhcb cb fc fcri ri `a `afu fucc `alubh`ibcb fi ctcs. Ibtarnarabsi `ctc fcscr tarecfi cpcdijc liscjbyc sagrcbh pabutur dcmcsc Ibfg Ibfgba basi sicc euhc euhc labh labhuc ucsc scii dcmc dcmcsc sc Ib Ibhh hhri riss fa fabh bhcb cb dc dci` i`,, sa sami mibh bhhc hc fc fcjc jcl l  parkc`cpcbbyc saribh tarsajip `ctc-`ctc dcmcsc Ibhhris, samibhhc saribh tareadc`  fcjcl ibtarnarabsi. Kgbtgmbyc5 _jcbbibh`u satajcm jujus screcbc cfcjcm lajcbeut`cb sa`gjcm `a jucr bahari. Lara`c c`cb lcrriaf dujcb fapcb. 4.4.6 Ibtarnarabsi Ibtarnarabsi Vctclc`bc/[alcbti`  Vctclc`bc/[alcbti` 

Ibtarnarabsi fcjcl tctc lc`bc fcpct fidchi labecfi tihc dchicb 5 Ibta Ibtarna rnara rabs bsii pa parj rjuc ucscb scb lc`b lc`bcc ctcu ctcu ax axpc pcbs bsiv ivaa ib ibta tarna rnara rabk bka, a, yc yc`b `bii pa pari risti stiwc wc  pabyarcpcb ubsur-ubsur `gsc`ctc `a fcjcl dcmcsc jcibbyc. Liscjbyc `gbsap `ctc Fistcbz Fist cbz ycbh ycbh darcscj darcscj fcri fcri `gsc`c `gsc`ctc tc dcmcsc dcmcsc Ibhhri Ibhhriss fistcb fistcbka ka labecf labecfii `g `gsc` sc`ctc ctc  dcmcsc Earlcb. Ctcu `ctc falgkrctigb labecfi Falg`rctigb fcb falg`rcsi. falg`rcsi.

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Ibtarnarabsi Ibtarna rabsi pabcldcmcb pabcldcmcb lc`bc ctcu cffitiva cffitiva ibtarnarabka ibtarnarabka,, yc`bi yc`bi pabcldcmcb pabcldcmcb `gsc`ctc dcru fabhcb lc`bc ycbh chc` `musus las`ipub `gsc`ctc jclc lcsim tatcp fiparhubc`cb fiparhubc`cb fcb lcsim lalpubyci lalpubyci lc`bc lc`bc jabh`cp. jabh`cp. Liscjbyc `ctc Nctmar  fcjcl dcmcsc Ibhhris ctcu ^ctar fcjcl dcmcsc Earlcb labecfi ^cti. _cfc uscmcuscmc ”labhmcjus`cb’ lc`bc euhc tarecfi ibtarnarabsi, liscjbyc5 pabhmcjuscb `ctc hajcbfcbhcb labecfi tubcwislc fcb tcmcbcb labecfi bcrcpifcbc. Ibtarnarabsi Ibtarna rabsi pabhhcbticb pabhhcbticb lc`bc ctcu rapjcsiva rapjcsiva ibtarnarabka, ibtarnarabka, yc`bi ibtarnarabsi ibtarnarabsi ycbh tarecfi `crabc `crabc pabhhcbticb pabhhcbticb `gsc`ctc ycbh fisadcd`cb fisadcd`cb cfcbyc parudcmcb parudcmcb lc`bc saparti `ctc scyc ycbh darcscj fcri dcmcsc lajcyu scmcyc. Fabhcb kgbtgm-kgbtgm fi ctcs lc`c fcpct fidafc`cb cbtcrc kclpur `gfa fabhcb ibtanarabsi. Kclpur `gfa labhcku pcfc pabhhubccb sarpimcb dcmcsc jcib fcjcl su suctu ctu dc dcmc mcsc sc,, safcb safcbh` h`cb cb ib ibtar tarna narab rabsi si labh labhcku cku pc pcfc fc pa paby byil ilpc pcbh bhcb cb fc fcjc jcl l  pabhhubccb suctu dcmcsc fabhcb lalcsu``cb sistal dcmcsc jcib. Vatcpi sarpimcb-sarpimcb darupc `jcusc fcri dcmcsc jcib fcjcl suctu `cjilct dcmcsc jcib lcsim disc ficbhhcp sadchci paristiwc kclpur `gfa fcb euhc ibtarnarabsi. 4.; Qbsur- ubsur fcjcl Ibtarnarabsi

[a`urc [a` urcbh bh-- `u `urcb rcbhby hbycc cfc tihc tihc ubsur ubsur pabtib pabtibh h ycbh ycbh labhcl labhcldij dij parcbc parcbcb b fcjcl fcjcl tarecfibyc prgsas ibtarnarabsi ycitu5 3.

Dcmcsc suldar (sgurka jcbhucha) ctcu dicsc fi`abcj fabhcb sadutcb dcmcsc

fgbgr. Dcmcsc fgbgr cfcjcm dcmcsc ycbh fglibcb fcjcl suctu lcsycrc`ct dcmcsc samibhh samib hhcc ub ubsu surr-ub ubsu surr dc dcmc mcsc sc itu itu `glubi`csi cbtcr wcrhc lcsycrc`ct. 4.

`a `arc rcp` p`cj cjii

fi fipi pibe becl cl ub ubtu tu` `

`a `apa pabt btib ibhc hcb b

Dcmcsc scscrcb ctcu dcmcsc pabyarcp pabyarcp (rakipiabt). (rakipiabt). Dcmcsc pabyarcp pabyarcp cfcjcm

 dcmcsc ycbh labarilc ubsur- ubsur csibh itu fcb `aluficb labyajcrcs`cb `cifcm- `cifcm pajcncjcb fcb pabujiscbbyc `a fcjcl dcmsc pabarilc tarsadut. ;.

Qbsur sarcpcbbyc sarcpcbbyc ctcu ilpgrtcsi ilpgrtcsi (ilpgrtctigb (ilpgrtctigb). ). Mcj Mcj ycbh ycbh filc`suf filc`suf fi sibi

cfcjcm darcjimbyc ubsur- ubsur fcri dcmcsc csibh labecfi dcmcsc pabarilc. 4.6 Ibtahrcsi

>

 

Laburut ibtahrcsi cfcjcm paldcurcb mibhhc labecfi `asctucb ycbh utum ctcu  dujct. Dardafc fabhcb Lck`ay labeajcs`cb dcmwc ibtahrcsi cfcjcm ubsur-ubsur   dcmcsc jcib ycbh fihubc`cb fcjcl dcmcsc tartabtu fcb ficbhhcp sufcm labecfi wcrh wc rhcc dc dcmc mcsc sc tarsa tarsadu dut. t. Vif Vifc` c` fic ficbh bhhc hcp p jc jchi hi sadch sadchci ci ub ubsu surr pi pibe becl clcb cb ctcu ctcu  pubhutcb. _abarilccb ubsur dcmcsc jcib fcjcl dcmcsc tartabtu sclpci labecfi  darstctus ibtahrcsi lalarju`cb wc`tu fcb tcmcp ycbh rajctin pcbecbh. _cfc lujcbyc sagrcbh pabutur suctu dcmcsc labhhubc`cb ubsur dcmcsc jcib itu fcjcl tuturcbbyc tuturc bbyc sadchci ubsur pibeclcb pibeclcb `crabc tarcsc fiparju`cb fiparju`cb,, liscjbyc liscjbyc `crabc fcjcl D3-byc ubsur tarsadut dajul cfc pcfcbcbbyc (ctcu disc euhc tajcm cfc tatcpi fic tifc` labhatcmuibyc). @cjcu `aluficb ubsur csibh ycbh fihubc`cb  euhc gjam grcbh jcib, lc`c ecfijcm ubsur tarsadut darstctus sadchci ubsur ycbh sufcm daribtahrcsi. Qlpclcbyc, `ctc ibhhris rasacrkm pcfc tcmub >?-cb sclpci tcmub tcm ub 8? 8?-cb -cb fihubc fihubc`cb `cb sadchc sadchcii ub ubsur sur ycbh ycbh dajul dajul daribt daribtahr ahrcsi csi.. Qkcpcb Qkcpcb fcb aeccbbyc lcsim laburut dcmcsc csjibyc. Vatcpi `aluficb ukcpcb fcb aeccbbyc labh la bhcj cjcl clii

paby pabyas asuc ucic icb, b, sa sami mibh bhhc hc fitu fituji jiss

sa sadc dchc hcii risa risat. t. Lc`c Lc`c,,

sa saec ec` `

itu itu

`ctcrisat tifc` ficbhhcp jchi sadchci ubsur pibeclcb, lajcib`cb sufcm labecfi `gsc`ctc dcmcsc Ibfgbasic, ctcu `gsc`ctc dcmcsc Ibhhris ycbh tajcm daribtahrcsi `a fcjcl dccsc Ibfgbasic. _rgsas _rg sas pabari pabarilcc lccb b ubsur ubsur dcmcsc dcmcsc csibh, csibh, `musus `mususbyc byc ubsur ubsur `g `gsc`c sc`ctc, tc, fi fcjcl fcjcl  dcmcsc (Ibfgbasic) pcfc cwcjbyc tclpc` dcbyc` fijc`u`cb sakcrc cuficj. Crtibyc, lujc-lujc pabutur Ibfgbasic labfabhcr dutir-dutir ja`si`cj itu fitutur`cb gjam  pabutur csjibyc, jcju labkgdc labhhubc`cbbyc. Cpc ycbh tarfabhcr gjam tajibhc, itujcm ycbh fiuecr`cb, jcju fitujis`cb. Gjam `crabc itu, `gsc`ctc ycbh fita fitari rilc lc sakc sakcrc rc cu cufi ficj cj sarib saribh` h`cj cjii

labc labclp lpc` c``c `cb b kiri kiri `a `ati tifc fc`t `tarc arctu turc rcb b

di dijc jc

fidcbfibh`cb fabhcb `gsc`ctc csjibyc. _cfcc tcmcp _cf tcmcp dari`u dari`utby tbyc, c, tarutc tarutclc lc satajcm satajcm palarib palaribtcm tcm labhaj labhajucr ucr`cb `cb _afglc _afglcb b Qlul _aldabtu` _aldabtu`cb cb Istijcm fcb _afglc _afglcb b Qlul Aeccb Dcmcsc Ibfgbasic Ibfgbasic Ycbh Fisalpurbc`cb pabarilccb fcb pabyarcpcb `ctc csibh fijc`u`cb sakcrc visucj. Crtibyc, pabyarcpcb itu fijc`u`cb lajcjui dabtu` tujiscb fcjcl dcmcsc csjibyc, jcju dabtu` tujiscb itu fisasuci`cb laburut cturcb ycbh tarfcpct fcjcl `afuc fg fg`u `ula lab b

`a `adc dcmc mcscc sccb b

fi

ctcs. ctcs.

Qlpc Qlpclc lcby byc5 c5

8

[yst [ystal alla labe becf cfii

sista sistal l

 

(du` (du`cb cb sisti sistil) l)

_mgb _mgbal al labe labecf cfii ng ngba bal, l,

[tcb [tcbfc fcrf rf labe labecf cfii stcbf stcbfcr, cr,

[tcbfcrfisctigb labecfistcbfcrfiscsi, Miarcrkmy labecfi miarcr`i (du`cbmircr`i), Tapartgira labecfi rapartgir (du`cbrapartgcr) _abyarcpcb ubsur csibh fcjcl rcbh`c pabhaldcbhcb dcmcsc Ibfgbasic du`cb mcbyc lajcjui pabyarcpcb `ctc csibh itu ycbh fisartci fabhcb pabyasucicb jcncj fcb aeccb, tatcpi dcbyc` pujc fijc`u`cb fabhcb kcrc 5 pabarealcmcb jcbhsubh, fcb  pabarealcmcb `gbsap. _abarealcmcb jcbhsubh, crtibyc `gsc`ctc itu fikcri`cb  pcfcbcbbyc

fcjcl

dcmcsc

Ibfgbasic.Liscjbyc5Cirpgrt labecfi

dcbfcr 

ufcrc,_ccrfa`rckmi labecfi tabchc `ufc, [clab war`ibhlabecfi `arec sclc fcb jcib-jcib. _abarealcmcb _abare alcmcb `gbsap crtibyc, crtibyc, `gsc`ctc `gsc`ctc csibh itu fitajiti fitajiti dci`-dci` dci`-dci` `gbsapbyc `gbsapbyc fa`ct

fabhcb

`gsc`ctc

csi sib bh

tarsa sad dut.

Liscjbyc5 Bat atw wgr`labecfi

 ecribhcb, Lafikctigb labecfi pabhgdctcb @cjcu saducm `ctc sarcpcb sufcm cfc  pcfc tibh`ct ibtahrcsi, lc`c crtibyc `ctc sarcpcb itu sufcm fisatueui. `crabc itu,  prgsas ycbh tarecfi fcjcl ibtahrcsi ibi jczil euhc fisadutfabhcb `gbvarhabsi.

DCD III _ABQVQ_

Ibtarnarabsi fcb ibtahrcsi larupc`cb fuc tgpi` fcjcl sgsigjibhuisti` ycbh tarecfi sadchci c`idct cfcbyc pabhhubccb fuc dcmcsc ctcu jadim fcjcl lcsycrc`ct tutur ycbh lujtijibhu lujtijibhucj._ari cj._aristiwc stiwc ibtarnarabsi ibtarnarabsi euhc labhhubc`c labhhubc`cb b ubsur-ubsur  ubsur-ubsur   dcmcsc jcib fcjcl pabhhubccb suctu dcmcsc ycbh ficbhhcp sadchci suctu `asc `ascjc jcm mcb `cr crab abcc lab labyil yilpcb pcbh fcri fcri `c `cif ifcm cm ct ctcu cu ct ctu urc rcb b dcm cmcs cscc ycb cbh h fihubc`cb. _abyadcd tarecfibyc ibtarnarabsi ibi cfcjcm tarpujcbh pcfc `alclpucb si pabutur fcjcl labhhubc`cb dcmcsc tartabtu samibhhc fipabhcrumi gjam dcmcsc jcib.

=

 

FCNVCT _Q[VC@C

Kmca Km car, r, Cdfu Cdfujj fcb fcb Jag Jagbij bij Cwcj.Ec`crtc5Tiba`c Kiptc

Chus Chusti tibc bc..4? 4?3? 3?.[ .[g gsig sigjibh jibhu uisti isti` `

_ar` _ar`ab abcj cjcb cb

Mcbul, Ibcycm.4?33.[gsigjibhuisti`.Lafcb5QBILAF Ibcycm.4?33.[gsigjibhuisti`.Lafcb5QBILAF  Bcdcdcb, _.X.E.3993.[gsigjibhuisti` _.X.E.3993.[gsigjibhuisti` [uctu _abhcbtcr.Ec`crtc5Hrclafic _ustc`c Qtclc Mcstuti Mcst uti.. 4?3=. 4?3=.  Lgfuj sgsigjibhuisti` . Dcbfcr Jclpubh 5 [V@I_ _HTI Dcbfcr  Jclpubh

9

 

IBVATNATAB[I FCB IBVAHTC[I (Lc`cjcm) Lc`cjcm Ibi Dartueucb Qbtu` Lalabumi Vuhcs Lctc`ujicm [gsigjibhuisti`  _cfc _rgfi _abfifi`cb Dcmcsc Fcb [cstrc Ibfgbasic Fgsab _abhclpu5 Mcstuti, L. _f. Fisusub Gjam5 @ajglpg` ^II 3. Fatc Cujic

3>343??;4

4. Bibfc Criycbi

3>343???;

;. Bgvi Cbfricbi 6. [apribc Njgrifc

3>343??84 3>343?3?;

 

[A@GJCM VIBHHI @AHQTQCB FCB IJLQ _ABFIFI@CB _ABFIFI@CB DCMC[C FCB [C[VTC IBFGBA[IC _AT[CVQCB HQTQ TA_QDJI@ IBFGBA[IC DCBFCT JCL_QBH 4?39

3?

 

@CVC _ABHCBVCT 

_uei syu`ur `a mcfirct Vumcb Ycbh Lcmc Asc ycbh tajcm laldari`cb rcmlct rcm lct fcb `crubi `crubic-B c-Byc yc samibh samibhhc hc `cli `cli fcpct fcpct labyaj labyajasci asci`cb `cb lc`cjc lc`cjcm m ycbh ycbh  darisi`cb tabtcbh ‚ibtarnarabsi fcb ibtahrcsi“. Lc`cjcm ibi fimcrcp`cb fcpct  darlcbncct ubtu` labcldcm pabhatcmucb dchi pcrc paldckc fcb fcpct fihubc`cb sadchci scjcm sctu pafglcb fcjcl prgsas paldajcecrcb. @cli ukcp`cb `apcfc fgsab paldildibh ycbh tajcm laldildibh ubtu`  fcpct labyajasci`cb lc`cjcm ibi fabhcb dci`. @cli labycfcri dcmwc lc`cjcm ibi lcsim dcbyc` `a`urcbhcbbyc `crabc pabhatcmucb ycbh `cli liji`i ku`up tardctcs tard ctcs.. Gjam Gjam `crabc `crabc itu, itu, `cli `cli darmcr darmcrcp cp `riti` `riti` fcb scrcb scrcb fcri fcri paldck paldckcc ycbh ycbh  darsinct laldcbhub ubtu` `asalpurbccb lc`cjcm ibi. ibi.

Dcbfcr Jclpubh, Cprij 4?39

_abujis

33

 

FCNVCT I[I

MCJCLCB EQFQJ.................................. EQFQJ........................................................ .......................................... .............................. ..........ii @CVC _ABHCBVCT............................ _ABHCBVCT.................................................. ............................................... ................................. ........ii ii FCNVCT I[I ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ................................iii ..........iii

DCD I _ABFCMQJQCB ........................................ ................................................................. .................................... ...........33 33

3.3 Jctcr Dajc`cbh ............................................................... ....................................................................................3 .....................3 3.4 Tuluscb lcscjcm.......................................... lcscjcm................................................................................3 ......................................3 3.; Vueucb _arlcscjcmcb .......................................... ................................................................ ................................4 ..........4

DCD II _ALDCMC[CB ........................................................... ...............................................................................4 ....................4

4.3 Ibtarnarabsi................................................ Ibtarnarabsi...................................................................... ...........................................4 .....................4 4.4 Eabis E abis Ibtarnarabsi.............................................. Ibtarnarabsi.................................................................... ....................................6 ..............6 4.; Qbsur- ubsur fcjcl Ibtarnarabsi.................... Ibtarnarabsi ..........................................................8 ......................................8 4.6 Ibtahrcsi............................................. Ibtahrcsi................................................................... ............................................ ............................8 ......8 DCD III _ABQVQ_............................... _ABQVQ_..................................................... ............................................ ...................................= .............=

FCNVCT _Q[VC@C

34

 

3;