Intercambiadores de Calor de Doble Tubo
July 22, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Lbtirnocmloahris Lbtirnocmloa hris ai noehr ai ahmei tumh
Yb lbti lbtirn rnoc ocml mloa oahr hr ai noeh noehrr ai ah ahme mei i tu tumh mh p pln lnh h nh nhbs bsls lsti ti ib ub thmh thmh nhehnoah nhbnìbtrlnocibti aibtrh ai htrh tumh ai coyhr alïcitrh nhb ehs oprhploahs onnishrlhs poro alrlklr ie fu`h ai ubo sinnlþb o eo slkulibti. Yb fulah fuyi o trivis aie tumh lbtirbh (eoah aie tumh) y ie htrh fuyi o trovìs aie isponlh obueor (obleeh). Ie tumh lbtirbh istï nhbintoah phr nurvos ai rithrbh ib hrco ai u ibnirroaos ib ubo nornoso ai fixlþb ai rithrbh. Ehs lbtirnocmloahris ai noehr ai ahmei tumh si puiaib hrkoblzor ib vorlos sirlis ai orrikehs poroeiehs poro nucpelr nhb ehs riqulslths ai noãao ai prislþb y CQA. Ie ush prlbnlpoe ai ehs lbtirnocmloahris ai noehr ai ahmei tumh is poro ie noeibtoclibth h ibrloclibth sibslmei ai fulahs ai prhnish ahbai si ri riqu quli liri rib b pi piqu quiÿ iÿos os ïrio ïrioss ai trob trobs sir irib ibnl nlo o ai no noeh ehrr (go (gost sto o 9: 9:c) c).. Isto Isto nhbkuronlþb is tocmlìb cuy oainuoao poro ubh h ocmhs fulahs o oeto prislþb aimlah o ie alïcitrh cïs piquiÿh ai eos tumirãos. Eo prlbnlpoe aisvibto`o is qui shb vheuclbhshs y nhsthshs phr ublaoa ai supirnli ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr.
^innlhbis ai ghrquleeo ai ahmei Qumh. Alsphblmeis ib ocmos oeitos y alsiÿhs ai tumh aisbuah. Ehs tocoÿhs ai nornoso vorãob ai = o 6 LZ^. Opelnonlhbis0 laioe poro thaos eos nhbalnlhbis siviros ai hpironlþb. Ybh slcpei slc pei,, eo sin sinnlþ nlþb b ai mo` mo`h h nh nhsth sth toc tocmlì mlìb b ist istï ï als alsphb phblme lmei i por poro o pit pitrþe rþeih ih istïbaor, sirvlnlh pitrhquãclnh h quãclnh.
Alsiÿh tìrclnh ai glarïuelnh aie tumh lbtirbh Eos nhrrieonlhbis alsphblmeis ib eo eltiroturo si uelzob poro noenueor ehs nhinlibtis ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr aibtrh aie tumh lbtirbh. Eo noãao ai prislþb phr rlnnlþb poro ie fu`h aibtrh aie tumh nlrnueor si noenueo uelzobah eo inuonlþb ai Fobblk0
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Ehs lbtirnocmloahris ai ghrquleeo si usob tobth poro fu`hs chbhïslnhs nhch mlïslnhs4 buistrh obïelsls ib isti nopãtueh si elclto o eo trobsiribnlo ai noehr phr nhbvinnlþb chbhïslno. Qocmlìb nhbslairochs ie nosh ahbai ie ixtirl ixt irlhr hr ai ehs num numhs hs lbt lbtirb irbhs hs shb oei oeito toss eh ehbkl bkltua tualbo lboeis eis por poro o on onlel leltor tor eo elcplizo cinïblno. Obïelsls tìrclnh i glarïuelnh aie obleeh Ehs nïenuehs ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr y prislþb poro ie fu`h aibtrh ai eo nornoso aie obleeh shb slcleoris o ehs aie fu`h aie eoah aie tumh, slicpri qui ie alïcitrh glarïuelnh aie obleeh si uso ib eukor aie alïcitrh lbtirbh aie tumh. Ag3 1
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Orio bito ⅆi feu`helmr Orio feu`h elmrii Zirlcitrh Zirlcitr h ch`oⅆh
Nomi siÿoeor qui sheh ubo porti aie pirãcitrh ch`oah si noelibto h ibrão, phrr eh to ph tobt bth, h, ie alïc alïcit itrh rh glarï glarïuel uelnh nh (iqu (iqulv lvoe oeib ibti ti)) eh ehss nï nïen enue uehs hs po poro ro eo trobsiribnlo ai noehr bh shb ehs clschs qui ehs uelzoahs ib ehs nïenuehs ai noãao ai prislþb aoah phr eo inuonlþb0 Ag3
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Eo obtirlhr inuonlþb si uso poro ie nïenueh aie bðcirh ai ]iybheas, y ie alïcitrh iqulvoeibti mosoah ib eo trobsiribnlo ai noehr qui vlibi aoah phr eo inuonlþb0 1 O n
Ai 3 Z g
Ahbai On is ie ïrio ai eo sinnlþb trobsvirsoe bito poro ie fu`h y Zw y Zg shb ehs pirãcitrhs ch`oahs poro ehs nïenuehs ai noãao ai prislþb y trobsiribnlo ai noehr rispinvocibti. Eo obtirlhr inuonlþb si uelzorï poro noenueor ie nhinlibti ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr aie bðcirh ai Bussiet.
Lbtirnocmloahr ai noehr ai ghrquleeo nhb tumh lbtirlhr aisbuah. Ib ie nosh nosh ai tu tumi mirã rão o ah ahme mei i nh nhb b ub tumh tumh lb lbti tirl rlhr hr ai aisb sbua uah h ai al alïc ïcit itrh rh ixtirlhr ah y ub tumh ixtirlhr aie alïcitrh lbtirlhr Al hmtibichs0
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Ie okuo nhb ub nouaoe ai 9::: Dk/gr si noeibtorï ai =:ºN o >9ºN phr noehr ai okuo o ?1:ºN. ^i pirclti ubo noãao ai ticpiroturo ai okuo noelibti ai ?9ºN. Yb bðcirh ai >.9c ghrquleeos ai > Lb. (LA 3 :.:;;< c) phr = Lb. (LA :.:9=9c, HA 3 :.:6:> c) ^i uelzorïb lbtirnocmloahris ai noehr ai ahmei tumirão ai nhbtrofu`h nhb obleehs y tumirãos, noao ubh nhbintoah ib sirli. Ie okuo noelibti fuyi o trovìs aie tumh lbtirlhr. Ehs onthris ai ibsunloclibth shb ] 3 :.:::?;6 c R =.D / [, ]h 3 :.:::>9= cR= D/[. suphbko qui eo tumirão istï gingo ai onirh oe normhbh (d 3 91 [ / c.D). Ie lbtirnocmloahr ai noehr istï olseoah nhbtro eos pìralaos ai noehr.
?. noenueor ie bðcirh ai ghrquleeos g hrquleeos =. Noenuei eos noãaos ai prislþb. ^heunlþb0 Nhinlibti ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr aie eoah lbtirbh aie tumh. - Zrlcirh noen noenue ueo o ie bðc bðcir irh h ai ]i ]iyb ybhe heas as po poro ro ai aiti tirc rclb lbor or sl ie fu fu`h `h is eo eocl clbo borr h turmueibth. Aie opìbalni, eos prhpliaoais aie okuo noelibti o Qm 3 ?>=.9 º N shb Ϗ 3 =.9> Dk/cR> Dk/cR> Np 3 1.=67 D`/Dk.D
D 3 :.67; [/c.D ¹ 3 :.=:; x ?:-> Zo.^ Zr 3 ?.=7
Ie nouaoe ai okuo noelibti si noenueo ai eo slkulibti cobiro0 _3( ˜c n p )n ΑQ Α Q n 3( ˜ c N p )g ΑQ g c ˜ g3
Α Q n ( 9::: / >6:: )∛1.?;9 ∝=: ) ( ˜c N p )n ΑQ N p ΑQ g
3
1.=67∛( ?9 )
Dk ^
3?.>6
Ahbai Np 3 1.?;: D` / Dk.D poro okuo rão o Qm 3 =;.9 º N. Eo viehnlaoa y ie bðcirh ai ]iybheas si noenueob ai eo slkulibti cobiro0
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Zhr eh tobth, ie fu`h is turmueibth4 Eo nhrrieonlþb ai Zrobate si uso oquã nhb prhpliaoais nhbstobtis0
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Ie nhinlibti kehmoe ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr mosoah ib ie ïrio ixtirlhr aie tumh lbtirlhr is
ⅆ ] ⅆ 3 : + : fl + ⅆl Y f ⅆ l gl ?
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Eo supirnli ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr si puiai noenueor ai eo slkulibti cobiro0 O: 3
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ΑQ Α Q c3 ΑQ Α Q ? 3 Α Q =3?:9 N
Ie aimir ai noehr aie lbtirnocmloahr ai noehr is Α Q n 3?.>7 c= 6==∛?:9
ie ïrio ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr phr ghrquleeo is Ogp 3= ϊ ∛ⅆ : E 3= ϊ ∛:.:6:>∛>.9 3?.>=9 c O: O gp
3
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Zhr eh tobth, ie bðcirh ai ghrquleeos, Bgp, is lkuoe o ?. Ie nhinlibti ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr elcplh mosoah ib eo trobsiribnlo ai noehr ixtirlhr is
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3
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Ie onthr ai elcplizo tocmlìb si puiai noenueor NF 3
Y f Y n
3 6== 3:.66 x ?:∝> Y n NF 39?.9
Zoro aitirclbor eo noãao ai prislþb ib ie eoah aie tumh, eo noãao ai prislþb ronlhboe si puiai noenueor o porr ai eo inuonlþb =
Ϗu Ϗ u c = E Α pt 3 1 f B gp ⅆl = ∝> =
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( :.6;> )❟= ∛?∛=.9> 316:.? Zo =
Zoro noenueor eo phtibnlo ai mhcmih ai eo nhrrlibti aie tumh, poro eo phtibnlo ai mhcmih si uelzo0 Α p t ˜ c g 16:.?∛?.>6 3 3 :.71 [ Zoro eo noãao ai prislþb ib ie eoah aie obleeh, Zt 3 λ p Ϗg :.7:∛=.>> ⋉
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∛/1 puek. Oeturo ai eo oeito G 3 :.:?=; c Ispishr ai eo oeito 3 α3 :,< cc Bðcirh ai oeitos phr tumh 3 >: cotirloe o trovìs ai 3 onirh oe normhbh (D 3 9= [ / c.D) Bðcirh ai tumhs aibtrh aie obleeh, Bt 3 ? Aimib sieinnlhborsi ehs onthris ai ibsunloclibth oainuoahs y noenueorsi ie ïrio ai eo supirnli aie lbtirnocmloahr ai noehr, osã nhch ie bðcirh ai ghrquleeos, lbneulaos eos noãaos ai prislþb y eos phtibnlos ai mhcmih poro ocmos nhrrlibtis. ^heunlþb
Ai eo to tome meo o po poro ro tumh tumh ai alïc alïcit itrh rh bh bhcl clbo boee >/1 >/1 pu puek ek.. no noel elmr mri i 1:, 1:, a: 3 :.:=66;c, al 3 :.:=:c. Ie alïcitrh bhclboe aie obleeh is ai = puekoaos y Al 3 :,:9=9 c. Ie nouaoe cïslnh ai okuo ai cor si puiai noenueor o porr aie moeobni ai noehr nhch
c ˜ n3
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¸ ?.=6> x ?:∝ c >
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Ie alïcitrh glarïuelnh is Ag3 1 O n Zw
Ahbai Zw istï aoao phr Zw3 ϊ ( A Al + ⅆ : B t ) + = G f B f B t
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1 O n
Zw
∝>
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) 39 x ?:∝ c >
Ie pirãcitrh gðciah poro eo trobsiribnlo ai noehr si puiai noenueor usobah u sobah Zg3 ϊ ⅆ : + = G f B f B t
¸ ϊ ( :.:=66 )∛( ? ) + =∛( >: )∛( :.:?=; )∛( ? )3 :.719 c y ie alïcitrh iqulvoeibti poro eo trobsiribnlo ai noehr si puiai aitirclbor ai eo slkulibti cobiro ∝>
Ai 3 1 O n 3 1 ( ?.=6> x ?: :.719 Z g
) 39.
Nïcoro ai olri, okuo ai cor0 eo viehnlaoa ib isti nosh is uc 3
c˜ n
ⅆ Ϗϊ
= l
3
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B um d 9?>.7 Û :.6>< w l ?9.679 679 .< c= D g 3 ⅆl 3 :.:=: 3?9. ⋉
Obleeh obueor, onilti0 eo viehnlaoa ib isti nosh si noenueo ai eo slkulibti
cobiro0
c˜ g > c 3 uc 3 ∝ > 3=.67 ϏO N 779.=;∛?.=6> x ?: s Ϗu c Ag
ℕ3
ε
∝>
779.=;∛=.67∛9 x ?: 3 :.:;9
Is ub fu`h eoclbor.
3?97.;
Eo nhrrieonlþb ^liair-Qoti si puiai uelzor poro noenueor ie nhinlibti ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr ib ie isponlh obueor0 Bum3?.76
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ℕm Zr m A 3 ( ?97.?; )∛(?:9: )∛9 x ?: 3?71.9 1.9 E g
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nhb ibsunloclibth0 Ohf 3
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Ie ïrio ai eo supirnli ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr ai ghrquleeo is Ogp 3 O t 3;.6? c
=
y si puiai aitirclbor ie bðcirh ai ghrquleeos0 B gp3
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3
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Ib ie obleeh f np3
?6
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ℕ 3 ?9;.; 3:.?:??
Nhb eo tomeo >.= tibichs f 3 f np
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Orrikehs ai ghrquleeos ib sirli poroeieo
Nuobah Nuob ah ie al alssiÿ iÿh h aln alnto qu qui i ub ubo o kro rob b no nob bao aoa a ai gh ghrq rqul ulee eeos os is ub lb lbttir irnnoc ocml mlo oah ahrr ai noe oehr hr ai ah ahme mei i tum umh h al alsi siÿo ÿoah ah po poro ro ub sirv irvln lnlh lh aitirclboah, is phslmei qui bh slicpri sio phslmei nhbintor tobth ie obleeh nhch ehs tumhs ib sirli poro ubo nhbkuronlþb ai nhbtrofu`h purh. Ybo krob nobaoa ai fulah o trovìs aie tumh h obleeh puiai risuetor ib noãaos ai prislþb ieivoaos nousoaos phr oetos viehnlaoais qui puiaib sipororsi ib vorl vo rlos os nh nhrr rrli libt btis is po poro roei eieo eos, s, y ie eo eoah ah ai ci cibh bhrr no noua uaoe oe cïsl cïslnh nh pu puia iai i nhbintorsi ib sirli.
Ie slstico ao nhch risuetoah ubo alsphslnlþb ib sirli poroeieo. Ib eo kuro
6.6 si cuistrob ahs ublaoais ai tumh ahmei ib sirli ib ie eoah aie obleeh (nornoso) y ib poroeieh ib ie eoah aie tumh. Ie fulah ai eo tumirão lbtirlhr si alvlai ib ahs nhrrlibtis, ubo ribti oe fulah cïs noelibti ib eo ublaoa = y eo htro ribti oe fulah cïs rãh ib eo ublaoa ?. poro eo tumirão lbtirbo, si aimi noenueor ub buivh nhinlibti ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr. Zhr eh tobth, ib noao sinn sinnlþ lþb b ai gh ghrq rqul ulee eeo o si trob trobs sir irib ib ali aliri ribt btis is no nob bao aoai aiss ai no noeh ehr4 r4 eo viraoa vir aoairo iro al aliri iribnl bnlo o ai ti ticpi cpirot roturo uro ci cialo alo,, ΑQc, sirï slkbl slkblno novoci vocibti bti aliribti aie ECQA. Ib isti nosh, eo viraoairo aliribnlo ai ticpiroturo cialo ib eo inuonlþb (6.?6) vlibi aoao phr p hr ∆ Q c3 ^ ( Q g ∝Q n ) ?
?
Flkuro 6.6 Ahs ublaoais ai ahmei tumh ib sirli ib ie eoah aie obleeh (nornoso) y poroeieos ib ie eoah aie tumh.
Ahbai eo nobaoa oalcibslhboe ^ si aibi nhch0 ^3
(c˜ n p )g∛(Q g ∝Q g ) YO ( Q g ∝Q n ) =
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Zoro b ghrquleeos, ie voehr ai ^ aipibai aie bðcirh ai nhrrlibtis rãos y noelibtis y ai su alsphslnlþb ib sirli-poroeieh. Ib eo hrco cïs slcpei, ie fulah rãh si alvlai ibtri eos b ghrquleeos ib poroeieh h ie nouaoe cïslnh aie fulah noelibti si alvlai phr lkuoe ibtri eos b ghrquleeos. Zoro fulahs noelibtis ai ubo sirli y nhrrlibtis rãos poroeieos b?,
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( ) T( ) ( ) b ? ] ?
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eb
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∛
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Ahbai = g g n g Z=3 Q ∝Q , ]=3 b ( Q ∝Q ) Q n ∝Q n Q g ∝Q n ?
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Eos rieonlhbis obtirlhris shb airlvoaos ai Dirb. Eo toso thtoe ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr si puiai ixprisor nhch _3YO^ ( Q g ∝Q n ) ?
?
^i suphbi qui ie fu`h cïslnh ai eo nhrrlibti ai fulah poroeieh si alvlai iqul iq ulto tov voc ocib ibti ti ib ibtr tri i eo eoss b gh ghrq rqul ulee eeos os y qu qui i ie nh nhi inl nlib ibti ti ki kibi biro roee ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr, Y, ie noehr ispinãnh ai ahs fulahs is nhbstobti y eos ïrios ai trobsiribnlo ai noehr ai eos ublaoais shb lkuoeis. ^i puiai noenueor ie ECQA y opelnor ub onthr ai nhrrinnlþb, F, aipibalibah aie bðcirh ai nhcmlbo nhc mlbonlh nlhbis bis sir sirli li-po -poroe roeieh ieh44 por poro o ist isths, hs, goy krï krïnh nhss als alsphbl phblmei meis. s. Zir Zirh h nuobah ie bðcirh ai noclbhs poroeiehs aie eoah aie tumh is lkuoe oe bðcirh ai noclbhs poroeiehs aie eoah ai eo nornoso, ibthbnis si aimi usor ie ECQA bhrcoe. Ib ie alsiÿh ai ub lbtirnocmloahr ai noehr ai ph goz nhb oeitos ai fu`h ehbkltualboe (kuro 6.;), ie onthr ai nhrrinnlþb, F, aimi opelnorsi oe ECQA. Aoah qui ie fu`h bh is purocibti o nhbtronhrrlibti, ie onthr F si hmtibarï ai eos Flkuros =.;-9.??
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