Intellectual Revolutions That Defined Society

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT THA T DEFINED SOCIET SOCIETY  Y 

 Intellectual Revolution is the time period when

advancements of S & T changed people’s perceptions and beliefs.  The development during the Intellectual Revolution showed how society was transformed by S & T.

COPERNICAN REVOLUTION The invention of the telescope allowed people to take a peek at the outer space Claudius Ptolemy – he believed that the Earth was at the center – aconcept known as geocentrism.

COPERNICAN REVOLUTION Nicolas Copernicus challenged the Ptolemaic model and introduced the concept known as

Astronomers realized that the Copernican model simplified the orbits for planets and was eventually accepted by the people which was called the .

Considered to be one of the most controversial intellectual revolutions of its time. CHARLES Darwin introduced the theory of evolution.

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In past, Psychology was always classified under philosophy. It was considered more of an art rather than science.  In the 19 th century, Sigmund Freud was able to change people’s perception of psychology with his revolutionary theory of psychoanalysis.

Questions for Reflection: Can you name other scientific revolutions that happened in the following places: a. Meso-American Revolution b. Asian c. Middle East d. African

 The land joining the two continents, called the

Isthmus of Panama, is only 40 miles wide and 400 miles long.  The areas in which civilization developed in Mesoamerica include Mexico and neighboring  parts of Central America,  People in the Americas developed an entirely different menu of foods for the simple reason that the indigenous plants and animals were different than those in the Fertile Crescent.  The highlands of Mexico had corn (sometimes called maize), beans, peppers, tomatoes, and squash as their staple foods.

 Science and technology in Asia is varied depending

on the country and time.  In the past, the Asian civilizations most notable for their contributions to science and technology were India, China and the West Asian civilizations.  At present, probably the most notable country in Asia in terms of its technological and scientific achievement is Japan, which is particularly known for its electronics and automobile products.  Other countries are also notable in other scientific fields such as chemical and physics achievements.

 The first mental hospital was built in

Cairo, Egypt in 800 AD.  Honey and brain to cure eye infections. Many medicines incorporated spells to ward-off evil spirits.  On Astronomy, there was the discovery of Equinox and Solstice

The development of S & T affect the development of the Philippines as a nation.

Scientific advancements in the Philippines began even before the Spaniards came to the Philippines:  The use of certain plants and herbs as medicines.  Farming and animal raising were implemented.  Modes of transportation: terrestrial or maritime.

Spaniards provided the Philippines with

modern means of infrastructures (like walls, roads and bridges); Health and education systems American Occupation brought modernization, development in the field of S & T

 After achieving independence from the

colonizers, the Philippines under different administrations continued to pursue programs in Science & Technology.  Ferdinand Marcos – establishment of PAG-ASA on placed of the abolished Weather Bureau, NAST, etc.  Marcos saw the key to nation-building is the continued development of S & T.