Iniciativa Empresarial Ii

 

[`pÿkibgj Knibvjrbjmj c` V`m`zu`ij Lbmbst`rbn c`i Qnc`r Qnpuijr Qjrj Ij C`f`msj Pmbv`rsbcjc Mjgbnmji @xp`rbl`mtji C` Ijs Fu`rzjs Jrljcjs PM@FJ ‗ @xt`msb÷m Gjeuj ‗ @cn. Jrjeuj Gjrr`rj Gnmtjcurìj Qÿkibgj

Pmbcjc :? I`ejibzjgb÷m c` ij @lpr`sj

Cng`mt`?  Ojvb`r K`g`rrj

Kjghbii`r? GB? ;8.0:3.103 Kijmgn Vbgtnrbj

 

Gjeuj Jkrbi ;1;:

Ìmcbg` Bmtrncuggb÷m  pe

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Bmtrncuggb÷m s`rê c`sjrrniijcn gnm `i nko`tbvn c` qu` jcqubrbr um erjm gnmngblb`mtn snkr`@iijpr`s`mt` umbcjc Btrjkjon I@EJIB_JGBNM C@ @LQ[@WJW t`lj s`rê c` prnv`ghn pi`mn `m `i êr`j gnmtjki`, gnmtjki`, yj qu` mns p`rlbtb p`rlbtbrê rê gnmng`r gnmng`r ijs fnrljs i`eji i`eji`s `s c` nrej nrejmbz mbzjgb jgb÷m, ÷m, ins r`qubsbtns i`eji`s c` ij lbslj, ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji y `i pjp`i qu` `stj tb`m` `m `i suo`tn.  

 

Fnrljs I`eji`s c` Nrejmbzjgb÷m

Gijsbfbgjgb÷m? Qrnpb`cjc umbp`rsnmji? @s `i m`engbn ÿmbgn c` umj p`rsnmj, ij guji jsul` tncj ij r`spnmsjkbibcjc c` ij gnlpjúìj. Lughjs p`rsnmjs gr`jm m`engbns gnln `lpr`sjs bmcbvbcuji`s. Jumqu` j ij ljynrìj mn i` eustj yj qu` jsul`m tncj ij r`spnmsjkbibcjc, sb`mcn jsì ij r`spnmsjkbibcjc c` ij p`rsnmj biblbtjcj y `mgjrejcj c` pjejr tncns ins ejstns c` ij `lpr`sj. Qnr in e`m`rji ijs p`rsnmjs qu` tb`m`m umj prnpb`cjc umbp`rsnmji snm `m p`qu`újs `lpr`sjs, ijs lês gnlum`s snm um prnf`snr p`rsnmji, um tjii`r c`  kbgbgi`tjs, `tg.   Ij jsngbjgb÷m? @s umj `lpr`sj prnpb`cjc c` cns n lês bmcbvbcuns, qu` gnlpjrt`m ij r`spnmsjkbibcjc c` ij gnlpjúìj. Ij r`spnmsjkbibcjc ourìcbgj gnlpjrtbcj, p`rlbt` qu` tncns ins sngbns s`jm trjtjcns pnr beuji gnln pjrt` c` um erupn. @stj s` gnmsbc`rj umj  ku`mj `strugturj pjrj c`t`rlbmjcns tbpns c` `lpr`sjs, sbm `lkjren mn su`mj c`i tncn  kb`m yj qu` ins `lpr`sjrbns gnlÿml`mt` su`i`m kusgjr um m`engbn qu` t`mej l`mns  pjrtbgbpjgb÷m p`rsnmji. 

Gnr pnrjgb Gnrpnr jgb÷m? ÷m? `s umj gnlpjúìj, um erupn c` p`rsnmjs n umj nrejmbzjgb÷m jutnrbzjcjs  pjrj np`rjr gnln umj snij `mtbcjc (p`rsnmj ( p`rsnmj ourìcbgj). Ij i`ebsijgb÷m ingji cbstbmeu` j ijs gnrpnrjgbnm`s pnr su gjpjgbcjc c` `lbtbr jggbnm`s, ijs `lpr`sjs j ijs qu` s` i`s  p`rlbt` hjg`rin s` gnmng`m gnln "sngb`cjc`s jm÷mbljs". Ins c`r`ghns c` prnpb`cjc pr npb`cjc c` umj `lpr`sj s` cbvbc`m `m jggbnm`s, y ins prnpb`tjrbns c` `sjs jggbnm`s s` gnmng`m gnln "jggbnmbstjs". @m ijs gnrpnrjgbnm`s qu` mn tb`m`m p`rlbtbcn `lbtbr jggbnm`s, ins cu`úns c` ij gnrpnrjgb÷m snm gnmsbc`rjcns lb`lkrns c` ij gnrpnrjgb÷m.

V`mtjojs y C`sv`mtjojs c` gjcj fnrlj I`eji c` Qrnpb`cjc Qrnpb`cjc ßmbgj V`mtjojs? W`r `i cu`ún,  @s fêgbi `lp`zj `lp`zjr, r,  W` gnms`rvjm gnms`rvjm tncjs ijs utbibcjc`s, utbibcjc`s,  Ins bmer`sns bmer`sns c` ij `lpr`sj s` erjvjm gnln bmer`sns p`rsnmji`s,   W` pu`c` c`sgnmtbmujr ij `lpr`sj j vniumtjc C`sv`mtjojs?  W` jsul` r`spnmsjkbibcjc iblbtjcj, @i gjpbtji c` bmv`rsb÷m qu` s` pu`c` t`m`r  `s iblbtjcn, Hjy qu` s`r pnibfjgâtbgn, @s cbfìgbi r`t`m`r j ins `lpi`jcns lês vjibnsns, Ij vbcj c` ij `lpr`sj `stê iblbtjcj. Wngb`cjc

 

V`mtjojs? Cns gjk`zjs pb`msjm l`onr qu` umj, @s fêgbi gnl`mzjr, Hjy lês gjpbtji c` bmv`rsb÷m bmv`rsb ÷m cbspnmbki` cbspnmbki`,, Ins sngbns s÷in pjejm blpu`stn blpu`stnss snkr` `i bmer`sn p`rsnmji. p`rsnmji. W` pu`c` gnmv`rtbr `m sngbns j ins `lpi`jcns lês vjibnsns, C`sv`mtjojs?   In Inss sn sngb gbns ns tb tb`m `m`m `m r` r`sp spnm nmsj sjkb kbib ibcj cjcc bi bibl blbt btjc jcj, j, Ij Ijss ut utbi bibc bcjc jc`s `s c` c`k` k`mm gnlpjrtbrs`, Ins sngbns pu`c`m `stjr `m c`sjgu`rcn, Ij vbcj c` ij `lpr`sj `s iblbtjcj.

Gnrpnrjgb÷m V`mtjojs?  Ins jggb jggbnmb nmbstj stjss tb tb`m`m `m`m r`spnmsj r`spnmsjkbi kbibcj bcjcc ib iblbt lbtjcj jcj,, Ijs gnrpnrj gnrpnrjgbn gbnm`s m`s pu`c`m pu`c`m nkt`m`r ins gjpbtji`s c` bmv`rsb÷m lês jitns, Ijs gnrpnrjgbnm`s tb`m`m vbcj biblbtjcj, Ij  prnpb`cjc `s fêgbil`mt` trjmsf`rbki`, Ijs gnrpnrjgbnm`s g nrpnrjgbnm`s r`gurr`m j `sp`gbjibstjs. `sp `gbjibstjs. C`sv`mtjojs?  Ijs gnrpnrjgbnm`s s` erjvjm cns v`g`s, Ijs gnrpnrjgbnm`s tb`m`m qu` pjejr  um blpu`stn snkr` gjpbtji sngbji, Bmbgbjr umj gnrpnrjgb÷m `s gnstnsn, Ijs gnrpnrjgbnm`s `stêm lês gnmtrnijcjs, Gu`stbnmjrbn c` V`rbfbgjgb÷m pjrj `strugturjr ij @lpr`sj. [`qubsbtns pjrj ij blpnrtjgb÷m y `xpnrtjgb÷m c` prncugtns Blpnrtjgb÷m?  Ins [`q [`qubsbt ubsbtns ns pjrj blpnrtjr `m V`m`zu` V`m`zu`ij ij snm c`t`rlbmjcns c`t`rlbmjcns pnr `i G`mtrn G`mtrn  Mjgbnmji c` Gnl`rgbn @xt`rbnr @xt`rbnr.. @stn `s c`kbcn j ij m`g`sbcjc c` gnnrcbmjr gnnr cbmjr ij jutnrbzjgb÷m  pjrj `i jgg`sn j cbvbsjs. @i G`mtrn Mjgbnmji c` Gnl`rgbn @xt`rbnr `s ij `mtbcjc `mgjrejcj c` blpi`l`mtjr ins gnmtrni`s y prng`sns r`f`r`mt`s j ij jcqubsbgb÷m c` cbvbsjs. Wu gnmtrni jkjrgj tncn in r`f`r`mt` ji l`rgjcn c` blpnrtjgb÷m c` kb`m`s. Jsì pu`s, s` c`k` pr`s`mtjr ij snibgbtuc c` p`rlbsn c` jcqubsbgb÷m c` cbvbsjs jmt`s c` pnc`r  gnmgr`tjr `i r`stn c` [`qubsbtns pjrj blpnrtjr `m V`m`zu`ij. Ins cngul`mtns snibgbtjcns snm? 

Ij pijmbiij c` r`ebstrn c` usujrbn pjrj pnc`r blpnrtjr. @stj pu`c` `mgnmtrjrs` c` fnrlj `i`gtr÷mbgj `m ij pijtjfnrlj `m iìm`j c`i G`mtrn Mjgbnmji c` Gnl`rgbn.

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Ij snibgbtuc pjrj ij jutnrbzjgb÷m ji jgg`sn c` cbvbsjs pjrj blpnrtjr, jgnlpjújcj c` su jm`xn. @stj pu`c` `mgnmtrjrs` c` fnrlj `i`gtr÷mbgj `m ij pijtjfnrlj `m iìm`j c`i G`mtrn Mjgbnmji c` Gnl`rgbn.

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Pmj gnpbj c`i pjen c`i r`gbkn prn fnrlj.

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Pmj gnpbj c`i jgu`rcn, gnmv`mbn n gnmtrjtn qu` jutnrbg` `i sulbmbstrn c` ins kb`m`s.

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Nrbebmji y gnpbj c`i g`rtbfbgjcn c` prncuggb÷m bmsufbgb`mt`. C` s`r `i gjsn, `st` c`k` sustbtubrs` gnm `i g`rtbfbgjcn c` mn prncuggb÷m mjgbnmji.

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Pmj gnpbj c` ij jutnrbzjgb÷m y p`rlbsn c` g`sb÷m.

 

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Pmj gnp gnpbj bj c`i g`rt g`rtbfb bfbgjcn gjcn c`i W`rv W`rvbgb bgbnn Mjgbnm Mjgbnmji ji Bmt`erj Bmt`erjcn cn c` Jclbmb Jclbmbstr strjgb jgb÷m ÷m Jcujm`rj y Srbkutjrbj pjrj ij l`rgjmgìj bmer`sjcj. @stn jpibgjrê `m ins gjsns c` jclbsb÷m t`lpnrji JS n jclbsb÷m t`lpnrji c`mtrn c`i p`rf`ggbnmjlb`mtn jgtbvn JSQJ.

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Ij gjrtj qu` `xpnmej ins lntbvns c` ij snibgbtuc.

Pmj v`z s` hjyj gnm gnms`eu s`eubcn bcn ij jutnrb jutnrbzjg zjgb÷m b÷m c` jcqubsb jcqubsbgb÷ gb÷mm c` cbvbsj cbvbsjs, s, gnrr`sp gnrr`spnmc nmc`` gnmsbemjr `i r`stn c` [`qubsbtns pjrj blpnrtjr `m V`m`zu`ij. Ins lbslns `stêm gnlpu`stns  pnr tncns ins cngul`mtns m`g`sjrbns pjrj snibgbtjr `i p`rlbsn c` blpnrtjgb÷m c` prncugtns, ins guji`s snm? 

@i jgtj gnmstbtutbvj c` ij `mtbcjc, `lpr`sj n sngb`cjc.

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@i mnlkr` c`i r`pr`s`mtjmt` i`eji c` ij bmstbtugb÷m.

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Ij rjz÷m sngbji.

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@i mÿl`rn c` gâcuij c` bc`mtbcjc c`i r`pr`s`mtjmt` i`eji c` ij bmstbtugb÷m. Ij cbr`ggb÷m fbsgji c` ij `lpr`sj.

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Pm mÿl`rn c` t`iâfnmn c` gnmtjgtn y gnrr`n `i`gtr÷mbgn.

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@i [`ebstrn ßmbgn c` Bmfnrljgb÷m Fbsgji.

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@i ibstjcn c` v`hìguins kjon `i râebl`m c` ij `lpr`sj.

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Ins rukrns j ins guji`s s` pijm`j blpnrtjr.

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@i mÿl`rn c` sugursji`s qu` ljm`o` ij `lpr`sj.

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@i ibstjcn c` gib`mt`s.

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Ins mÿl`rns c` pijgj y tbpns c` v`hìguin qu` gnrr`spnmcjm.

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@i mnlkr` c` ins gnmcugtnr`s bmvniugrjcns.

@stns [`qubsbtns pjrj blpnrtjr `m V`m`zu`ij vjm j gjlkbjr um pngn `m `i gjsn c` umj blpnrtjgb÷m blpnrt jgb÷m ljrìtb ljrìtblj. lj. Wb vjs j blpnrt blpnrtjr jr pnr `stj vìj, ins cngul`mtns j gnmsbemjr gnmsbemjr s` v`rêm r`cugbcns j ins sbeub`mt`s? 

@i jgtj gnmstbtutbvj c` ij `mtbcjc, `lpr`sj n sngb`cjc.

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@i mnlkr` c`i r`pr`s`mtjmt` i`eji c` ij bmstbtugb÷m.

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Ij rjz÷m sngbji.

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@i mÿl`rn c` gâcuij c` bc`mtbcjc c`i r`pr`s`mtjmt` i`eji c` ij bmstbtugb÷m.

 

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Ij cbr`ggb÷m fbsgji c` ij `lpr`sj.

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Pm mÿl`rn c` t`iâfnmn c` gnmtjgtn y gnrr`n `i`gtr÷mbgn.

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@i [`ebstrn ßmbgn c` Bmfnrljgb÷m Fbsgji.

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Ins rukrns j ins guji`s s` pijm`j blpnrtjr.

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@i mÿl`rn c` sugursji`s qu` ljm`o` ij `lpr`sj. @i ibstjcn c` gib`mt`s.

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@xpnrtjgb÷m? S`m`lns qu` gnmng`r ins cbf`r`mt`s fjgtnr`s qu` s` blpibgjm c`mtrn c` ij `xpnrtjgb÷m y pjrj `iin c`k`lns gnmng`r ins r`qubsbtns pjrj `xpnrtjr c`sc` V`m`zu`ij, `mtr` `iins t`m`lns? 

Gnmng`r ij gijsbfbgjgb÷m jrjmg`ijrbj c`i prncugtn.

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Cbs`újr ijs cbspnsbgbnm`s c` s`eurbcjc y c`f`msj pjrj ins `mvìns.

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S`m`r gnmngblb`mtn c` tncn in r`f`r`mt` gnm jgu`rcns n gnmv`mbns gnl`rgbji`s `mtr` V`m`zu`ij y `i pjìs c`stbmn.

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Bmfnrljrs` y gnmng`r snkr` ins prng`sns c` np`rjtbvns qu` s` v`m bmvniugrjcns gnln snm `i pr`-`lkjrqu`, `i `lkjrqu` y `i pnst- `lkjrqu` c` ij l`rgjmgìj.

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Jc`lês bmfnrl Jc`lês bmfnrljs` js` snkr` ijs gnmcbgbnm gnmcbgbnm`s `s c` pjen j mbv`i bmt`rmjgbnmji bmt`rmjgbnmji,, y jsì pnc`r  cbslbmubr ins rb`ens y gnstns y nkt`mb`mcn l`onr r`suitjcn `m ij nrejmbzjgb÷m qu` `xpnrtj.

Q`rlbsns Q`rlbs ns pjrj ij `x `xpnrtj pnrtjgb÷m? gb÷m? 

W` m`g`sbtjm gnmtjr gnm um cngul`mtn r`jibzjcn pnr `i je`mt` c` jcujmj, l`onr  gnmngbcn gnln C`gijrjgb÷m c` jcujmjs.

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Euìj c` trjmspnrt`? s` c`fbm` `i l`cbn c` trjmspnrt` qu` s` utbibzjrj pjrj ij

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`xpnrtjgb÷m y pu`c` trjtjrs` c` euìj jâr`j. Jsì gnln `i gnmngblb`mtn c` `lkjrqu` (ljrìtbln), gjrtj c` pnrt` (l`cbn t`rr`str`).

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Fjgturj gnl`rgbji fnrluijcj pnr `i v`mc`cnr y j nrc`m c`i gnlprjcnr cnmc` g`rtbfbgj c`stbmn c` trjspjsn c` l`rgjmgìj.

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Euìj c` gjrej c` ij l`rgjmgìj, ij guji `s fjgbibtjcj pjrj umj rêpbcj bmsp`ggb÷m pnr   pjrt` c` ijs jutnrbcjc`s gnlp`t`mt` `m gjsn c` gnmsbc`rjrs` m`g`sjrbj.

Cngul`mtns s` snibgbtjm c`p`mcb`mcn c`i c`stbmn y tbpn c` prncugtn? 

Ij G`rtbfbgjgb÷m c` nrbe`m qu` g`rtbfbgj znmj c` nrbe`m c` ij l`rgjmgìj.

 

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@i guji guji `s `stê tê kjsj kjsjcn cn `m ij ijss mn mnrl rljs js c` c`ii nr nrbe be`m `m c` ij lb lbsl sljj y js jsìì pn pnc` c`rr s` s`r  r  gnmsb gnmsbc` c`rjc rjcnn nr nrbu bumc mcnn c` V` V`m` m`zu zu`i `ijj (L (Lbm bmbs bst` t`rb rbnn pj pjrj rj `i Gnl` Gnl`rg rgbn bn y Kjmgn Kjmgn c` Gnl`rgbn @xt`rbnr).

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Sjlkbâm `i G`rtbfbgjcn c` ibkr` v`mtj, cnmc` s` g`rtbfbgj qu` ins prncugtns n jibl`mtns prng`sjcns.

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Jsì gnln tjlkbâm tjlk ijs l`cbgbmjs l`cbgbmjs n l`cbg l`cbgjl`mtn jl`mtnss y k`kbcjs k`kbcjs qu` mn t`mejm mbmeumj r`strbggb÷m pjrjbâm su gnl`rgbjibzjgb÷m. R ij G`rtbfbgjgb÷m c` gjibcjc c`i prncugtn, sulbmbstrjcn pnr ij pjrt` bmt`r`sjcj.

M`engbjgbnm`s W` iijlj m`engbjgb÷m ji prng`sn c` gnmg`rtjgb÷m c` npbmbnm`s y pnsbgbnm`s `mtr` cns n lês  pjrt`s, qu` kusgjm k`m`fbgbns pjrj jlkns c` tji ljm`rj qu` pu`cjm ii`ejr j gnmstrubr n jfbjmzjr gb`rtj r`ijgb÷m.

¾Zuâ tbpns c` m`engbjgb÷m `xbst`m> Ins tbpns c` m`engbjgb÷m `xbst`mt`s snm? 

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M`engbjgb÷m gnm gnmfrnmtjgb÷m? `s um `mfr`mtjlb`mtn cnmc` s` qub`r` blpnm`r umj  pnsbgb÷m, `m `st` tbpn c` m`engbjgb÷m sb`lpr` hjkrê um ejmjcnr y um p`rc`cnr4 tncn in qu` ejmj umn in pb`rc` ntrn. M`engbjgb÷m M`engb jgb÷m suknrcb suknrcbmjcj? mjcj?  gnmsbst` `m sup`cbtjr mu`strns bmt`r`s`s j ins c` ij gnmtrjpjrt`. M`engbjgb÷m l`cbjmt` bmjggb÷m?  s` trjtj c` mn m`engbjr. Ii`ejcns j um pumtn bmsjivjki`, s` c`gbc` jpjrtjr c` ij m`engbjgb÷m n jpijzjrin. M`engbjgb÷m gnijknrjtbvj? `m `st` tbpn c` m`engbjgb÷m ijs pjrt`s sb`lpr` kusgjm ii`e ii`ejr jr j um jg jgu` u`rc rcnn qu qu`` e` e`m` m`r` r` k`m` k`m`fb fbgb gbnn pj pjrj rj jlkj jlkjs, s, `i r` r`su suit itjc jcnn c` `s `stj tj m`engbjgb÷m sb`lpr` s`rê ’ejmjcnr/ejmjcnr“. M`engbjgb÷m rjznmjcj? s` kusgj ij sniugb÷m c` gu`stbnm`s c` fnmcn lês qu` ij nkt`mgb÷m c` gnmg`sbnm`s pnr ij gnmtrjpjrt`.

¾Zuâ s` `mtb`mc` pnr m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji> Qnr m`en m`engb gbjg jgb÷ b÷mm bm bmt` t`rmj rmjgb gbnmj nmjii jqu`i jqu`iij ij s` `m `mtb tb`m `mc` c` jqu`i jqu`iij ij m`eng m`engbj bjgb gb÷m ÷m `m ij gu guji ji bmt`rvb`m`m bmt`rv b`m`m pjrt`s c` cbf`r`m cbf`r`mt`s t`s pjìs`s, `s c`gbr, qu` s` lu`v`m `m l`rgjcns `xt`rbnr`s. Ij m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji c` tbpn gnl`rgbji, s` `mfngj `m `lpr`sjs qu` prnvb`m` c` pjìs`s cbf`r`mt`s cbf`r`m t`s y kusgjm jgu`rc jgu`rcns ns c` gnl`rgbjibzjg gnl`rgbjibzjgb÷m b÷m c` kb`m`s y s`rvbgbns s`rvbgbns `m pjìs`s cbstbmtns cbstbmtns

 

ji c`i prnv``cnr c`i kb`m n s`rvbgbn. @mtr` `stns jgu`rcns s` pu`c`m mnlkrjr? gnlprjv`mtj bmt`rmjgbnmji, jgu`rcn gnm um bmt`rl`cbjrbn n jibjmzj `strjtâebgj. @m ij m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji bmt`rvb`m`m fjgtnr`s luy cbf`r`mt`s j ins qu` s` ljm`ojrìjm `m umj m`engbjgb÷m ingji4 `m prbl`r iuejr ijs pjrt`s c`k`m m`engbjr snkr` um ljrgn i`eji cbstbmtn, `m `i l`onr c` ins gjsns ijs pjrt`s nptjm pnr r`gurrbr j `mt`s bmt`rmjgbnmji`s4 `m s`eumcn iuejr ijs cbf`r`mgbjs `m `i `mtnrmn `gnm÷lbgn snm tjlkbâm luy sbembfbgjtbvjs, pnr  tjmtn `s luy blpnrtjmt` qu` ijs m`engbjgbnm`s s` r`jibg`m c` ljm`rj jsblâtrbgj, `s c`gbr, tnljmcn `m gu`mtj ijs cbf`r`mgbjs `mtr` ijs pjrt`s y pnr ÿitbln ijs cbf`r`mgbjs `m `i `mtnrmn gnl`rgbji ijs guji`s lncbfbgjm ij m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji `m tr`s êr`js? ij tnlj c` gnmtjgtn, ij jcjptjgb÷m c` ijs prnpu`stjs y `i ljre`m c` m`engbjgb÷m.

¾Guêi`s snm ins prbmgbpbns j s`eubr `m umj m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji> Ins prbmgbpbns j s`eubr `m umj m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji snm?      

Jcnptjr um `mfnqu` c` ejmjcnr-ejmjcnr. Gnmng`r y jpibgjr `i gnmg`ptn c` ljre`m c` ljmbnkrj `m fumgb÷m c` gjcj pjìs. Gnlpr`mc`r ijs cbf`r`mgbjs `mtr` m`engbjgb÷m mjgbnmji ` bmt`rmjgbnmji. S`m`r `m gu`mtj ins `i`l`mtns guiturji`s c`i pjìs `m `i qu` s` m`engbj. Wjk`r pijmbfbgjr ij m`engbjgb÷m, cbstbmeub`mcn `mtr` gjcj umj c` ijs `tjpjs. Gnmng`r ijs tâgmbgjs qu` sbrv`m pjrj hjg`r jvjmzjr umj m`engbjgb÷m y g`rrjr `i jgu`rcn.

@stns prbmgbpbns snm luy blpnrtjmt`s `m `i c`sjrrniin c` umj m`engbjgb÷m pu`stn qu` i` cjm cbr`ggb÷m j ijs c`gbsbnm`s y ijs sbtujgbnm`s qu` s` pu`c`m ii`ejr j cjr `m `i prng`sn c` tji ljm`rj qu` `i m`engbjcnr ijs jcnpt` `m su vbcj prnf`sbnmji.

¾Zuâ s` c`k` t`m`r `m gu`mtj pjrj t`m`r âxbtn `m umj m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji> Qjrj t`m`r âxbtn `m umj m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji s` c`k` t`m`r gnmngblb`mtn c` ijs cbf`r`mgbjs guiturji`s y c`i `mtnrmn, jc`lês `s blpnrtjmt` gnlpr`mc`r ijs m`g`sbcjc`s c` ijs pjrt`s y inerjr um pumtn l`cbn qu` s` joust` j ins bmt`r`s`s c` ijs lbsljs. S`mb`mcn `stn `m gu`mtj `i m`engbjcnr bmt`rmjgbnmji c`k`rê t`m`r ij gjpjgbcjc c` jcjptjrs` j ijs m`g`sbcjc`s y c`ljmcjs c` ij ntrj pjrt` sbm p`roucbgjrs` j sì lbsln. C` beuji ljm`rj, hjy qu` t`m`r `m gu`mtj jieumns fjgtnr`s `m umj m`engbjgb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji, gnln pnr  `o`lpi `o` lpinn `i ljr ljrgn gn r`eu r`euijt ijtnrb nrbnn y pniìtb pniìtbgn, gn, ins fjg fjgtnr tnr`s `s guitur guiturji` ji`s, s, ijs `xp`gt `xp`gtjtb jtbvjs vjs c`i  k`m`fbgbjrbn y `i nrejmbsln bmt`rmjgbnmji, `tg.

 

¾G÷ln `sgne`r um mnlkr` jc`gujcn pjrj um m`engbn> :. Gijrbcjc? Mn l`zgi`s ins l`msjo`s. @i snmbcn y `i `stbin c`i mnlkr` c` tu ljrgj c`k`m sue`rbr j qu` s` c`cbgj tu ljrgj. Qjrj jigjmzjr ij gijrbcjc, jrlj umj ibstj c` ijs pjijkrjs gijv` r`i`vjmt`s pjrj tu bmcustrbj n mbghn. ;. C`sgrbptbvn? @i mnlkr` c` `lpr`sj c`k` v`mc`r ij bc`mtbcjc c` ij ljrgj. Jsì gnln `i mnlkr` c` ij ljrgj c`k` t`m`r gijrbcjc, tjlkbâm c`k` s`r c`sgrbptbvn. @i mnlkr` c`k` c`sgrbkbr ij bmcust bmcustrbj, rbj, jgtbtuc, `mfnqu` y l`tjs c`i m`engbn. @stn mn sbembfbgj qu` `i mnlkr` c` tu ljrgj c`kj gnmt`m`r `i prncugtn n s`rvbgbn. Lês kb`m, c`k` gjpturjr ij `s`mgbj, ij `xp`rb`mgbj y ins k`m`fbgbns c` ij ljrgj c` umj fnrlj nkibguj n sue`r`mt`. Gnln pnr `o`lpin JLJ_NM, `ibeb÷ um mnlkr` qu` gnmmntj um gr`gblb`mtn ljsbvn y um s`rvbgbn qu` in jkjrgj tncn. 7. L`lnrjki`? M`g`sbtj s`r fêgbi c` r`gnrcjr. @i g`r`krn huljmn `s mntjki`l`mt` ljin  pjrj r`gnrcjr mnlkr`s. ¾Qnr quâ> @i g`r`krn jiljg`mj mnlkr`s `m su l`lnrbj j gnrtn  pijzn n l`lnrbj np`rjtbvj np `rjtbvj n c` trjkjon. @m ij vbcj nrcbmjrbj, mu`strj l`lnrbj c` trjkjon s`  pu`c` gnlpjrjr j mu`strn gnlputjcnr. Ljmtb`m` jgtbvj y pr`s`mt` pnr um tb`lpn ij bmfnrljgb÷m `m ij qu` `stjlns trjkjojmcn, p`rn tb`m` lughjs v`mtjmjs jkb`rtjs y `i sbst`lj `lpb`zj j fjiijr. Ij c`sv`mtjoj c` ij l`lnrbj c` trjkjon `s qu` mn pnc`lns s`eubr ij pbstj c` tncn j ij v`z, `mtnmg`s nivbcjlns jieumjs gnsjs. Qjrj s`r l`lnrjki`, `i mnlkr` c` umj `lpr`sj n ljrgj c`k` gnmtrjrr`stjr ij t`mc`mgbj c`i g`r` g` r`kr krnn pj pjrj rj ni nivb vbcj cjr. r. ¾G ¾G÷l ÷lnn s` in iner erjj `s `stn tn>> Jm Jmgi gijm jmcn cn `i mn mnlk lkr` r` c` lj ljrg rgjj j nt ntrn rn s`mtblb`mtn, jgtbtuc n s`msjgb÷m. Hjy cbf`r`mt`s tbpns c` l`lnrbj. Wb `i mnlkr` c` tu ljrgj pu`c` `stbluijr cns tbpns c` l`lnrbj ‗ cbejlns, umj l`lnrbj c` s`msjgb÷m fìsbgj y `lngbnmji ‗ `mtnmg`s `s lês  prnkjki` qu` `i g`r`krn in r`gu`rc`. r`gu` rc`. @stjs snm jieumjs sue`r`mgbjs pjrj gr`jr mnlkr`s pjrj `lpr`sjs l`lnrjki`s? Hjg`rin gnrtn (s` cbsgut` jkjon). Hjg`rin ÿmbgn (s` cbsgut` jkjon). Ptbibzjr pjijkrjs n snmbcns fjlbibjr`s.

3. Gnrtn? M`g`sbtj s`r fêgbi c` r`gnrcjr. Ins bmv`stbejcnr`s jfbrljm qu` `i g`r`krn mn  pu`c` ljm`ojr lughj bmfnrljgb÷m j ij v`z. Jumqu` ij gjpjgbcjc fbmji c`i g`r`krn `s vbrtujil`mt` biblbtjcj, `mfr`mtj r`tns pjrj jiljg`mjr, prng`sjr y r`t`m`r kbts s`i`gtns c` bmfnrljgb÷m sbluitêm`jl`mt`.  Mn gjreu`s `i g`r`krn gnm lughj bmfnrljgb÷m. Pm mnlkr` c` `lpr`sj gnrtn jul`mtj in l`lnrjki`, ij fiubc`z c`i hjkij, y jtrjpj j ijs p`rsnmjs.

 

0. W`mgbiin? Hjzin fêgbi c` prnmumgbjr. Mn trjt`s c` l`zgijr pjijkrjs ji gr`jr um mnlkr`  pjrj tu ljrgj qu` s`j c`rbvjcn c` umj pjijkrj gnlÿm. @stn s÷in gnmfumcbrê j ijs p`rsnmjs y  pu`c` hjstj `vngjr ljins r`gu`rcns. r`gu`rc ns. 6. Lnc`rmbcjc?  Mn sbejs sue`r`mg sue`r`mgbjs bjs c`sjgtujibzjcjs. c`sjgtujibzjcjs. Pmj ljrgj c`k` t`m`r um jlkb`mt` lnc`rmn pjrj gnm`gtjrs` gnm ijs p`rsnmjs lnc`rmjs. Q`rn, mn c`k`s ii`ejr luy i`ons `m `sj cbr`ggb÷m. ¾Qnr quâ mn> Qnrqu` umj ljrgj qu` `stê c` lncj hny `m cìj pncrìj `stjr  gnlpi`tjl`mt` c`sfjsjcj ljújmj. C`k`s kusgjr um mnlkr` qu` p`rcur` ins pr÷xblns gbmgn júns. C`k`rìjs `sgne`r tu mnlkr` c` ljrgj `strjtâebgjl`mt`, p`rn mn c`kbibt`s tu mnlkr` c` ljrgj pnr ij cbspnmbkbibcjc c` mnlkr`s. 5. ßmbgn? Wì, tb`m` qu` s`r ÿmbgn. Hjy rjznm`s m`urni÷ebgjs pnr ijs qu` tu ljrgj c`k` s`r  ÿmbgj. Wb`lpr` y gujmcn mn s`j luy `xtrjvjejmt`, umj ljrgj ÿmbgj s` qu`cj `m ij l`mt` c` ijs p`rsnmjs. Wbm `lkjren, ijs rjznm`s gnl`rgbji`s pjrj qu` umj ljrgj s`j ÿmbgj snm jÿm lês jtrjgtbvjs. Gujmcn umj `lpr`sj `mtrj `m `i l`rgjcn, gnlpbt` pnr um iuejr `mtr` ij l`mt` c`i pÿkibgn l`tj. Wb mn gjptj su jt`mgb÷m, `stê gnmc`mjcj. Lês jum, jumqu` ijs s`úji`s c` ij ljrgj jul`mt`m `m `i `spjgbn c`i ljrd`tbme cbebtji, ij  prnpbj `xbst`mgbj c` ij ljrgj c`p`mc` c` su bc`mtbcjc ÿmbgj. Mn sukbrês `m `i rjmdbme mb s`rês `mgnmtrjcn `mgnmtrjcn pnr ins lntnr` lntnr`ss c` kÿsqu`c kÿsqu`cjj sb `ibe` `ibe`ss umj pjijkrj sblpi` gnln ’ghbspj“, n ’l ’ljr jrtb tbii iin“. n“. C` C`k` k`ss cb cbf` f`r`m r`mgb gbjrt jrt`` gr` gr`jm jmcn cn um umjj pj pjij ijkrj krj gn gnlp lpi` i`tj tjl` l`mt mt`` mu mu`vj `vj n umj gnlkbmjgb÷m c` pjijkrjs qu` mn rnlpj ijs r`eijs gjrcbmji`s c` in W`mgbiin, Gnrtn y L`lnrjki`.

8. Jtrjgtbvn? @i mnlkr` c` ij ljrgj c`k` gnm`gtjrs` gnm tu jucb`mgbj l`tj. @stn `s pnr in qu` in pr`s`mtn? um mnlkr` c` ljrgj mn c`k` s`r sblpi`l`mt` ’jtrjgtbvn“ `m e`m`rji (in qu` `s cbfìgbi c` inerjr), sbmn qu` c`k`m s`r mnlkr`s jtrjgtbvns pjrj m`engbns,  pjrtbguijrl`mt` pjrj ij jucb`mgbj c` ij ljrgj. @mtnmg`s, pjrj ii`ejr j ij ljrgj p`rf`gtj, prbl`rn c`k`s gnmsbc`rjr j qubâm `stês trjtjmcn c` ii ii`ej `ejr. r. ¾Z ¾Zuâ uâ bc bcbn bnlj lj hj hjki kijm jm>> ¾G ¾Guêi uêi `s su `st `stbi bin> n> ¾W ¾Wuu `cj `cjc> c> ¾W ¾Wus us bm bmer er`sn `sns> s> ¾W ¾Wuu `cugjgb `cug jgb÷m> ÷m> ¾Wu mbv mbv`i `i c` snf snfbst bstbgj bgjgb÷ gb÷m> m> ¾Wu bmt bmt`râs `râs>> ¾Wu p`r p`rsp`g sp`gtbv tbvjj r`i r`ibeb bebnsj> nsj> ¾Wu  pr`f`r`mgbj c` ljrgj> Hjz tu prnpbj pjijkrj hìkrbcj. Su ljrgj `s um prncugtn `m sì. Sb`m`s qu` v`mc`rin. Gnlumbgj `i vjinr, `i prnp÷sbtn y ij bc`mtbcjc c` tu `lpr`sj. Gujmcn pu`c`s gnm`gtjr gnm âxbtn tncns ins pumtns `mtr` tu jucb`mgbj y tu ljrgj, `mtnmg`s jigjmzjrês umj v`rcjc`rj jtrjggb÷m.

2. Curjc`rn? Lês qu` tu prnpbn mnlkr`. W`rìj ku`mn sb tu ljrgj t` snkr`vbvb`rj. Pmj ljrgj pu`c` t`m`r um `f`gtn r`vniugbnmjrbn `m umj e`m`rjgb÷m. Gujmcn `sj ljrgj `stê ibejcj j um snin bmcbvbcun, `s l`mns prnkjki` qu` in hjej. :1. Zu` t`mej jien c` s`mtbcn? Jieumjs v`g`s, ins cu`úns c` `lpr`sjs `i`ebrêm mnlkr`s qu` snm pjijkrjs sbm s`mtbcn. Ijs pjijkrjs p`guibjr`s (Rjhnn, Ennei`, Fnecne) n ins

 

mnlkr`s c` ljrgjs r`ebstrjcjs bmv`mtjcns c`sc` g`rn (Mnvjrtbs, Jv`mtbs, Iygns) snm um erjm rb`sen. V`rbfbgj ijs blpibgjgbnm`s bmt`rmjgbnmji`s ji gr`jr `i mnlkr` c` `lpr`sj. Lês c` umj `lpr`sj hj pjsjcn pnr umj v`reù`mzj ji sjk`r qu` su mnlkr` tb`m` gnmmntjgbnm`s m`ejtbvjs ` bmgiusn nksg`mjs `m ntrn bcbnlj.

[`qubsbtns I`eji`s trbk bkut utnn `x `xbe bebc bcnn pn pnrr `i @s @stj tjcn cn,, jp jpib ibgj gjcn cn j in inss Blpu`st Blpu `stnn Wn Wnkr kr`` ij [`m [`mtj tj?? @s `i tr `mrbqu`gblb`mtns m`tns jmuji`s cbspnmbki`s, nkt`mbcns `m cbm`rn n `m `sp`gb`. Ij I`y c` Blpu` Bl pu`st stnn Wnk Wnkr` r` ij [` [`mt mtjj v` v`m` m`zni znijm jmj, j, `s um umnn c` in inss bm bmst stru rul` l`mt mtns ns i` i`ej eji` i`ss c` lj ljynr  ynr  r`gjucjgb÷m c` bmer`sns mn p`trni`rns pnr pjrt` c`i Enkb`rmn Mjgbnmji. @i Blpu`stn Wnkr` ij [`mtj tb`m` gnln fu`mt`, nko`tn y kjs` c` gêiguin ins bmer`sns m`tns  p`rgbkbcns pnr ijs p`rsnmjs mjturji`s, m jturji`s, ijs p`rsnmjs ourìcbgjs y ntrjs `mtbcjc`s `gnm÷lbgjs. Jsì in cbspnm` `m su jrtìguin Mrn. : c` ij I`y c` Blpu`stn Wnkr` Ij [`mtj, s`eÿm Ejg`tj Nfbgbji @xtrjnrcbmjrbj Mrn. 0.066 c`i ;8 c` cbgb`lkr` c` ;11:? Jrtìguin :. Ins `mrbqu `mr bqu`gb `gblb` lb`mtn mtnsss`eÿm jmuji` jmu ji`s, m`tns m`t ns y`stjki`gbcjs cbspnm cbs pnmbki bki`s `s`mnkt nkt`mb `mbcns cns cbm`rn cbm `rn n `mmjturji `sp`gb` `sp` gb`,n, gjusjrêm blpu`stns ijss, mnrljs `stj I`y.`mSncj p`rsnmj  ourìcbgj, r`sbc`mt` r `sbc`mt` n cnlbgbibjcj `m `i pjìs, pjejrê blpu`stns snkr` sus r`mtjs r `mtjs c` gujiqub`r  fu`mt` c` bmer`sns `stâ sbtujcj c`mtrn c`i pjìs n fu`rj c` âi. Ijs p`rsnmjs mjturji`s n  ourìcbgjs mn r`sbc`mt`s n mn cnlbgbibjcjs cn lbgbibjcjs `m `i pjìs `stjrêm suo`tjs ji blpu`stn `stjki`gbcn `m `stj I`y sb`lpr` qu` ij fu`mt` n ij gjusj c` sus `mrbqu`gblb`mtns `stâ u ngurrj c`mtrn c`i pjìs, jum gujmcn mn t`mejm `stjki`gblb`mtn p`rljm`mt` n kjs` fboj `m V`m`zu`ij. Ijs  p`rsnmjs mjturji`s n ourìcbgjs cnlbgbibjcjs n r`sbc`mgbjcjs `m `i `xtrjmo`rn qu` t`mejm um `stjki`gblb`mtn p`rljm`mt` n umj kjs` fboj `m `i pjìs, trbkutjrêm `xgiusbvjl`mt` pnr ins bmer`sns c` fu`mt` mjgbnmji n `xtrjmo`rj jtrbkubki`s j cbghn `stjki`gblb`mtn p`rljm`mt` n  kjs` fboj.

Qrbmgbpbns

 

Qrbmgbpbn c`i @mrbqu`gblb`mtn M`tn?  @s tncn bmgr`l`mtn c` pjtrblnmbn nkt`mbcn `m cbm`rn n `m `sp`gb`, qu` s` nktb`m` sustrjyâmcni` j ins bmer`sns krutns ins gnstns y c`cuggbnm`s p`rlbtbcjs pnr ij I`y. Jsblbsln, fnrlj pjrt` c`i `mrbqu`gblb`mtn m`tn, `i r`suit r`su itjcn jcn nkt nkt`mb `mbcn cn c` ij jpi jpibgj bgjgb÷ gb÷mm c`i Wbst Wbst`lj `lj c` Jou Joust` st` pnr Bmfi Bmfijgb jgb÷m ÷m `m jqu` jqu`iin iinss gnmtrbkuy`mt`s snl`tbcns nkibejtnrbjl`mt` ji lbsln. Qrbmgbpbn c` Jmujibcjc? @st` gnmsjerj qu` tncn `mrbqu`gblb`mtn qu` vj j s`r nko`tn pjrj ij c`t`rlbmjgb÷m n ibqubcjgb÷m c`i blpu`stn c`k` s`r nkt`mbcn j um p`rìncn jmuji n in cbspu`stn `m `i jrtìguin :7 c`i [`eijl`mtn c` ij I`y c` BWI[. Qrbmgbpbn c` Jutnmnlìj c`i @o`rgbgbn? Qrbmgbpbn @o`rgbgbn? @st` prbmgbpbn `stjki`g` qu` pjrj `f`gtns c` ij c`t`rlbmjgb÷m c` ij nkibejgb÷m trbkutjrbj c`i `o`rgbgbn fbsgji c`k`m blputjrs` s÷in ins bmer` bm er`sn sns, s, gn gnst stns ns y ej ejst stns ns qu qu`` hjy hjyjm jm t` t`mb mbcn cn nrb nrbe` e`mm c` c`mt mtrn rn c` c`ii `o `o`rg `rgbg bgbn bn qu` s` `st `stêê c`gijrjmcn. Qrbmgbpbn c` Cbspnmbkbibcjc? W` r`fb`r` j ij npnrtumbcjc `m `i guji ins `mrbqu`gblb`mtns nkt`mbcns nkt`mb cns pnr um gnmtrbkuy`mt` gnmtrbkuy`mt` s`rêm nko`t nko`tnn c` c`gijrjgb÷m j ins fbm`s c` ij c`t`rlbmjgb÷m c`t`rlbmjgb÷m c`i blpu`stn y in pr`vbstn `m `i jrtìguin 0 c` ij I`y c` BWI[. Qrbmgbpbn c` [`mtj Lumcbji . @st` prbmgbpbn r`spnmc` ji jsp`gtn `spjgbji c`i h`ghn blpnmbki`, `s c`gbr, bmcbgj hjstj quâ pumtn um `mrbqu`gblb`mtn pu`c` s`r erjvjcn pnr ij i`ebsijgb÷m trbkutjrbj v`m`znijmj jlpibjmcn `i prbmgbpbn c` S`rrbtnrbjibcjc. I`y c` blpu`stn snkr` ij r`mtj, ijs `x`mgbnm`s y ijs `xnm`rjgbnm`s Ij `x`mgb÷m gnmsbst` `m ij cbsp`msj tntji n pjrgbji c`i gulpiblb`mtn c` ij nkibejgb÷m trbkutjrbj, ntnrejcj pnr ij i`y, `m guyn gjsn sus k`m`fbgbjrbns `stêm nkibejcns j bmfnrljr j ij Jclbmbstrjgb÷m Srbkutjrbj pjrj su c`kbcj fbsgjibzjgb÷m y gnmtrni4 `m gjlkbn ij `xnm`rjgb÷m gnmsbst` `m ij cbsp`msj tntji n pjrgbji c`i gulpiblb`mtn c` ij nkibejgb÷m trbkutjrbj, ntnrejcj  pnr `i @o`gutbvn Mjgbnmji, `m ins gjsns gjs ns jutnrbzjcns pnr ij I`y4 ji beuji qu` ijs `x`mgbnm`s sus k`m`fbgbjrbns k`m`fbgbjrbns `stêm nkibejcns nkibejcns j bmfnrlj bmfnrljrr j ij Jclbmb Jclbmbstrjgb strjgb÷m ÷m Srbkutjrbj pjrj su c`kbcj fbsgjibzjgb÷m y gnmtrni. @x`mgbnm`s?

@stêm `x`mtns c`i Qjen c`i Blpu`stn snkr` ij [`mtj? :. Ij Ijss `mt `mtbc bcjc jc`s `s v`m v`m`z `zni nijm jmjs js c` gjr gjrêg êgt` t`rr pÿ pÿki kibg bgn, n, `i Kj Kjmg mgnn G` G`mt mtrj rjii c` V` V`m`z m`zu` u`ij ij y `i Fnmcn c` Bmv`rsbnm`s c` V`m`zu`ij, jsì gnln ins c`lês bmstbtutns nfbgbji`s jut÷mnlns qu` c`t`rlbm` ij i`y. ;. Ins je`mt`s je`mt`s y c`lês fumgbnmjrbns fumgbnmjrbns cbpinlê cbpinlêtbgns tbgns `xtrjmo`rn `xtrjmo`rnss jgr`cbtjcns jgr`cbtjcns `m ij r`pÿkibgj r`pÿkibgj,,  pnr ijs r`lum`rjgbnm`s qu` r`gbkjm c` su enkb`rmn. 7. Sjlkb Sjlkbâm âm ins je`mt`s je`mt`s gnmsuijr`s gnmsuijr`s y ntrns ntrns je`mt`s je`mt`s n fumgbnmjrbns fumgbnmjrbns c` enkb`rm enkb`rmns ns `xtrjmo`rns, `xtrjmo`rns, qu`` gn qu gnmm ju juttnr nrbbzj zjgb gb÷m ÷m c` c`ii en enkb kb`r `rmn mn mj mjgb gbnm nmji ji r` r`sb sbcj cjmm `m V` V`m` m`zu zu`i `ij, j, pn pnrr ij ijss r`lum`rjgbnm`s qu` r`gbkjm c` sus enkb`rmns4 y ijs r`mtjs qu` nkt`mejm ins nrejmbslns bmt`rmj bmt` rmjgb gbnmj nmji` i`ss y su suss fu fumg mgbn bnmj mjrb rbns, ns, c` jgu jgu`r `rcn cn gn gnmm in pr pr`vb `vbst stnn `m in inss gn gnmv mv`mb `mbns ns bmt`rmjgbnmji`s susgrbtns pnr V`m`zu`ij.

 

3. Ijs bmstbtug bmstbtugbnm`s bnm`s k`mâfbgjs k`mâfbgjs y c` jsbst` jsbst`mgbj mgbj sngbji, sngbji, sb`lpr` sb`lpr` qu` sus sus `mrbqu`gblb `mrbqu`gblb`mtns `mtns s` hjyjm nkt`mbcn gnln l`cbn pjrj inerjr ins fbm`s jmt`s s`újijcns? sb`lpr` qu` `m mbmeÿm gjsn cbstrbkuyjm ejmjmgbjs, k`m`fbgbns c` gujiqub`r mjturji`zj n pjrt` jieumj c` su pjtrblnmbn pjtrblnmbn j sus fumcjcnr`s, jsngbjcns jsngbjcns n lb`l lb`lkrns krns y qu` mn r`jib r`jibg`m g`m pjens j tìtuin c` r`pjrtn c` utbibcjc`s n `m su pjtrblnmbn. 0. Ins trjkjoj trjkjojcnr` cnr`ss n sus k`m`fbg k`m`fbgbjrb bjrbns, ns, pnr ijs bmc bmc`lm `lmbzj bzjgbn gbnm`s m`s qu` r`gbkjm r`gbkjm gnm ngjsb÷m ngjsb÷m c` trjkjon, gujmcn i` s`jm pjejcjs gnmfnrl` j ij i`y n j gnmtrjtns c` trjkjon, pnr ins bmt`r`s`s y `i prncugtn c` ins fbc`bgnlbsns gnmstbtubcns gnmfnrl` j ij I`y Nreêmbgj c`i Srjkjon y pnr ins prncugtns c` fnmcn c` r`tbrn y c` p`msbnm`s. 6. Ins js`eurj js`eurjcns cns y sus k`m`fbg k`m`fbgbjr bjrbns bns,, pnr ijs bmc`lm bmc`lmbzj bzjgbn gbnm`s m`s qu` r`gbkjm r`gbkjm `m rjz÷m c` gnmt gn mtrj rjtn tnss c` s`e s`eurn urns, s, p` p`rn rn c` c`k` k`rê rê bm bmgi giub ubrs` rs` `m in inss bm bmer` er`sn snss kru krutn tnss jq jqu` u`ii iijs js qu qu`` gnlp`ms`m pârcbcjs qu` hukb`r`m sbcn bmgiubcjs `m `i gnstn n `m ijs c`cuggbnm`s. 5. Ins p`msbnmjcns p`msbnmjcns y oukbijc oukbijcns, ns, pnr ijs p`msbnm` p`msbnm`ss qu` p`rgbkjm p`rgbkjm pnr gnmg`ptn gnmg`ptn c` bmvjibc bmvjibc`z, `z, r`tbrn n oukbijgb÷m, jum `m `i gjsn c` qu` tji`s p`msbnm`s s` trjspjs`m j sus h`r`c`rns, gnmfnrl` j ij i`ebsijgb÷m qu` ins r`euij. 8. Ins cnmjtjr cnmjtjrbns bns,, h`r h`r`c`r `c`rns ns y i`e i`ejtj jtjrbn rbns, s, pnr ijs cnmjgbnm` cnmjgbnm`s, s, h`r`mgbj h`r`mgbjss y i`ejcns i`ejcns qu`  p`rgbkjm. 2. In Inss jfb jfbib ibjc jcns ns j ij ijss gj gjoj ojs, s, gnnp`rj gnnp`rjtb tbvj vjss c` jhnrrn jhnrrn y j in inss fnm fnmcn cnss n pi pijm` jm`ss c` r`tbrn, r`tbrn,  oukbijgb÷m ` bmvjibc`z pnr pn r ins jpnrt`s jpn rt`s qu` hjejm ijs `lpr`sjs u ntrjs n trjs `mtbcjc`s j fjvnr  c` sus trjkjojcnr`s, sb`lpr` qu` gnrr`spnmcjm j pijm`s c` gjrêgt`r e`m`rji y ÿmbgn `stjki`gbcn pjrj tncns ins trjkjojcnr`s c` ij `lpr`sj qu` p`rt`m`zgjm j umj lbslj gjt`enrìj prnf`sbnmji c` ij `lpr`sj qu` s` trjt`, lb`mtrjs s` ljmt`mejm `m ij gjoj n gnnp`rjtbvjs c` jhnrrns jsì gnln tjlkbâm ins frutns n prnv`mtns c`rbvjcns c` tji`s fnmcns. :1. Ijs p`rsnmjs mjturji`s, mjturji`s, pnr ins `mrbqu `mrbqu`gblb `gblb`mtns `mtns prnv`mb`mt`s prnv`mb`mt`s c` bmt`r` bmt`r`s`s s`s e`m`rjcns  pnr c`p÷sbtn j pijzn fbon, gâcuijs hbpnt`gjrbjs, g`rtbfbgjcns c` jhnrrn y gujiqub`r ntrn bmstrul`mtn c` jhnrrn pr`vbstn `m ij I`y E`m`rji c` Kjmgns n `m i`y`s `sp`gbji`s, jsì gnln ins r`mcblb`mtns qu` nkt`mejm pnr bmv`rsbnm`s `f`gtujcjs `m fnmcns lutuji`s n c` bmv`rsb÷m c` nf`rtj pÿkibgj. Kjmgns n `m i`y`s `sp`gbji`s, jsì gnln ins r`mcblb`mtns qu` nkt`mejm pnr bmv`rsbnm`s `f`gtujcjs `m fnmcns lutuji`s n c` bmv`rsb÷m c` nf`rtj  pÿkibgj. Ijs bmstbtugbnm`s c` jhnrrn y pr`vbsb÷m sngbji, ins fnmcns f nmcns c` jhnrrn, y pr`vbsb÷m sngbji, ins fnmcns c` jhnrrn, c` p`msbnm`s y c` r`tbrn pnr ins `mrbqu`gblb`mtns qu` nkt`mejm `m `i c`s`lp`ún c` ijs jgtbvbcjc`s qu` i` snm prnpbjs. ::. Ijs `lpr`sjs `stjtji`s `stjtji`s mjgbnmji`s mjgbnmji`s qu` s` c`cbqu`m j ij `xpintjgb÷m `xpintjgb÷m c` hbcrngjrkurns hbcrngjrkurns y jgtb jg tbvb vbcjc cjc`s `s gn gnm`x m`xjs js,, pn pnrr in inss `m `mrb rbqu qu`g `gbl blb` b`mt mtns ns `x `xtr trjn jnrcb rcbmj mjrb rbns ns prn prnv`m v`mb` b`mt mt`s `s c` c`ii gnl`rgbn qu` i` s`j r`gnmngbcn pnr sus jsngbjcns j ins jgtbvns r`pr`s`mtjcns pnr  `stucbns pr`vbns, bmfnrljgbnm`s, gnmngblb`mtns ` bmstrugtbvns tâgmbgns, fnrluijs, cjtns, erjkjgb erjk jgbnm`s nm`s,, p`i p`iìgu ìguijs ijs y ntr ntrns ns kb` kb`m`s m`s c` sbl sblbij bijrr mjt mjturji urji`zj `zj r`i r`ijgb jgbnmj nmjcns cns gnm ins  prny`gtns nko`tn c` jsngbjgb÷m y j s`r c`stbmjcns ji c`sjrrniin c` c ` ins lbslns `m vbrtuc c` ins gnmv`mbns c` jsngbjgb÷m qu` cbghjs `lpr`sjs g`i`krjm. Gnl`rgbn qu` i` s`j r`gnm r`g nmng ngbc bcnn pn pnrr su suss jsn jsngb gbjcn jcnss j in inss jg jgtb tbvn vnss r` r`pr` pr`s`m s`mtj tjcns cns pnr `st `stuc ucbn bnss pr` pr`vb vbns, ns, bmfnrljgbnm` bmfnrl jgbnm`s, s, gnmngb gnmngblb`mt lb`mtns ns ` bmstru bmstrugtbvn gtbvnss tâgmb tâgmbgns, gns, fnrlui fnrluijs, js, cjtns, erjkjgbnm`s,  p`iìguijs y ntrns kb`m`s c` sblbijr mjturji`zj r`ijgbnmjcns gnm ins prny`gtns nko`tn c` jsngbjgb÷m jsngbj gb÷m y j s`r c`stbmjcns c`stbmjcns ji c`sjrrni c`sjrrniin in c` ins lbsln lbslnss `m vbrtuc c` ins gnmv`mb gnmv`mbns ns c` jsngbjgb÷m qu` cbghjs `lpr`sjs g`i`krjm. Ins `mrbqu`gblb`mtns prnv`mb`mt`s c` ins

 

 knmns c` ij c`ucj pÿkibgj pÿ kibgj mjgbnmji y gujiqub`r lncjibcjc c` tìtuin vjinr `lbtbcn pnr ij r`pÿkibgj. :;.. In :; Inss `s `stu tucb cbjm jmt` t`ss k` k`gj gjcn cnss pn pnrr in inss ln lnmt mtns ns qu qu`` r` r`gb gbkj kjmm pj pjrj rj gu gukr krbr br su suss ej ejst stns ns c` ljmut`mgb÷m, `stucbns n fnrljgb÷m.

@xnm`rjgbnm`s @i G÷cben Nreêmbgn Srbkutjrbn, `stjki`g` qu` ij I`y qu` jutnrbg` ji @o`gutbvn Mjgbnmji  pjrj gnmg`c`r `xnm`rjgbnm`s, `sp`gbfbgjrê ins trbkutns qu` gnlpr`mcj, ins pr`supu`stns m`g`sjrbns pjrj qu` prng`cj y ijs gnmcbgbnm`s j ins guji`s `stê snl`tbcn `i k`m`fbgbn. Ij i`y pncrê fjguitjr `i @o`gutbvn Mjgbnmji pjrj snl`t`r ij @xnm`rjgb÷m j c`t`rlbmjcjs gnmcbgbnm`s y r`qubsbtns. @i pijzn lêxblj s`rê c` gbmgn júns, v`mgbcn `st` ijpsn, `i @o`gutbvn Mjgbnmji pncrê  prnrrnejrin. Ijs `xnm`rjgbnm`s `x nm`rjgbnm`s gnmg`cbcjs j bmstbtugbnm`s sbm fbm`s c` iugrn pncrêm pncrê m s`r pnr  tb`lpn tb` lpn bmc bmc`fb `fbmbc mbcn, n, jumq jumqu` u` tjm tjmtn tn ijs `x`m `x`mgbn gbnm`s m`s gnl gnlnn ijs `xnm `xnm`rjg `rjgbnm bnm`s `s pu`c pu`c`m `m s`r  lncbfbgjcjs pnr i`y pnst`rbnr. Ijs `xnm`rjgbnm`s s`rêm jpibgjki`s ji `o`rgbgbn fbsgji qu` s` `mgu`mtr` `m gursn pjrj ij f`ghj c` bmsgrbpgb÷m `m `i r`ebstrn c` `xnm`rjgb÷m, ij guji pncrê r`jibzjrs` hjstj `i ÿitbln cìj c`i gb`rr` c`i `o`rgbgbn fbsgji gnrr`spnmcb`mt`. Wnin `stêm nkibejcjs j bmsgrbkbrs` ijs  p`rsnmjs mjturji`s qu` hjyjm nkt`mbcn bmer`sns krutns sup`rbnr`s j cns lbi s`bsgb`mtns v`bmtbgbmgn umbcjc`s trbkutjrbjs (;.6;0 P.S.) `m `i `o`rgbgbn jmt`rbnr. Ij `xnm`rjgb÷m jpibgjki` `s ij sbeub`mt`? :- Ins `o`rgbgbns qu` s` bmbgb`m `m ins júns ;111, ;11: y ;11;, ij cbsp`msj s`rê c`i :11% c`i blpu`stn4 ;- Ins `o`rgbgbns qu` s` bmbgb`m `m `i jún ;117, ij `xnm`rjgb÷m s`rê c`i 21%4 7- Ins qu` s` bmbgb`m `m `i ;113, ij `xnm`rjgb÷m s`rê c`i 51%4 3- Ins `o`rgbgbns qu` s` bmbgb`m `m `i jún ;110, ij cbsp`msj s`rê c`i 61%4 0- Ins qu` s` bmbgb`m `m `i jún ;116, ij `xnm`rjgb÷m s`rê c`i 01%4 6- Ins `o`rgbgbns qu` s` bmbgb`m `m `i jún ;115, ij `xnm`rjgb÷m s`rê c`i 71% c`i blpu`stn @m mbmeÿm gjsn ij `xnm`rjgb÷m s`rê jpibgjki` j ins `o`rgbgbns fbsgji`s qu` s` bmbgb`m gnm  pnst`rbcjc ji 7: c` cbgb`lkr` c`i ;115, `s c`gbr, c` gbr, `m `i jún ;118.

 

Blpu`stn j ins Jgtbvns @lpr`sjrbji`s @s um blpu`stn cbr`gtn ji pjtrblnmbn qu` pjejrê jmujil`mt` tncj p`rsnmj ourìcbgj n mjturji gnl`rgbjmt` suo`tj ji Blpu`stn snkr` ij [`mtj, snkr` `i vjinr c` ins jgtbvns tjmebki`s ` bmtjmebki`s c` su prnpb`cjc, sbtujcns n `m `i pjìs n r`putjcns gnln tji`s, qu` curjmt` `i `o`rgbgbn, `stâm bmgnrpnrjcns j ij prncuggb÷m c` `mrbqu`gblb`mtn prnv`mb`mt` c` jgtbvbcjc`s gnl`rgbji`s, bmcustrbji`s n c` `xpintjgb÷m c` lbmjs ` hbcrngjrkurns y jgtbvbcjc`s gnm`xjs. @i BJ@ mn `s c`cugbki` j ins `f`gtns c` c`t`rlbmjr ins `mrbqu`gblb`mtns m`tns erjvjki`s pnr  ij I`y c` Blpu`stn snkr` ij [`mtj (IBWI[). Fu` gr`jcn l`cbjmt` ij I`y c` Blpu`stn j ins Jgtbvns @lpr`sjrbji`s (IBJ@), pukibgjcj `m ij Ejg`tj Nfbgbji M± 3.603 @xtrjnrcbmjrbn, c` f`ghj1:/:;/:227.

 

Blpu`stn j ins Jgtbvns @lpr`sjrbji`s (BJ@)   Gnmtrbkuy`mt`s  Wnm suo`tns jgtbvns c`i BJ@, tncns ins gnmtrbkuy`mt`s suo`tns ji Blpu`stn snkr` ij [`mtj, `mtr` ins guji`s s` pu`c`m l`mgbnmjr? :) Q`rsnmjs mjturji`s gnl`rgbjmt`s, qu` nkt`mejm `mrbqu`gblb`mtns m`tns jmuji`s sup`rbnr`s j:.111 P.S.4 ;) Q`rsnmjs ourìcbgjs4 7) Gnlumbcjc`s4 3) Wngb`cjc`s c` h`ghn n brr`euijr`s4 0) Jrr`mcjtjrbns fbmjmgb`rns4 y, 6) @stjki`gblb`mtns p`rljm`mt`s, g`mtrns n kjs`s fbojs sbtujcns `m `i t`rrbtnrbn mjgbnmji. Jgtbvns tjmebki`s ` bmtjmebki`s  C` jgu`rcn j ij c`fbmbgb÷m pr`vbstj `m ij IBJ@?  Ins jgtbvns tjmebki`s, snm tncns jqu`ii jqu`iins ns kb`m`s c` mjturji mjturji`zj `zj ljt`rbji susg`ptbki`s susg`ptbki`s c` s`r p`rgbkbcns pnr ins s`mtbcns, tji`s gnln? l`rgjc`rìjs, l`rgjc`rìjs, cbm`rn, lnkbibjrbn, v`hìguins, ljqubmjrbjs, t`rr`mns, gnmstruggbnm`s y tncns jqu`iins kb`m`s gnrpnrji`s suo`tns j sufrbr  c`t`rbnrn pnr su usn, c`susn, c`struggb÷m, `tg.  Ins jgtbvns bmtjmebki`s, snm tncns jqu`iins c` mjturji`zj bmljt`rbji jcqubrbcns, pjejcns n jc jc`u `ucj cjcn cnss pn pnrr `i gn gnmt mtrb rbku kuy` y`mt mt`, `, tj tji` i`ss gn gnln ln?? lj ljrg rgjs js,, pj pjt` t`mt mt`s `s,, f÷ f÷rl rlui uijs js,,  prng`cblb`mtns, c`mnlbmjgbnm`s gnl`rgbji`s, c`r`ghns, jgr``mgbjs, piusvjiìjs y ntrns c` sblbijr mjturji`zj bmgnrpnrji.

Qrbmgbpbns Fumcjl`mtji`s c` ij i`y c`i trjkjon Ij Gnmstbtugb÷m ejrjmtbzj `i eng` y `o`rgbgbn c` ins c`r`ghns huljmns y ij beujicjc jmt` ij i`y, sbm cbsgrblbmjgb÷m jieumj. Wnkr` `i trjkjon, `sp`gìfbgjl`mt`, gnmtb`m` umj s`rb` c` mnrljs c`tjiijcjs. @m `f`gtn, ij Gnmstbtugb÷m gnmsjerj `i c`r`ghn ji trjkjon y `i c`k`r c` trjkjojr, `m um pijmn c` beujicjc `mtr` hnlkr`s y luo`r`s, y js`eurj qu` `i @stjcn jcnptjrê l`cbcjs pjrj qu` tncj p`rsnmj pu`cj t`m`r ngupjgb÷m prncugtbvj y jcjptjcj j sus gnmcbgbnm`s, `m `i gjsn c` jmgbjmns y jmgbjmjs, jsì gnln c` p`rsnmjs gnm cbsgjpjgbcjc`s n m`g`sbcjc`s `sp`gbji`s, y  pjrj `i `o`rgbgbn c` ins c`r`ghns ijknrji`s pnr ins trjkjojcnr`s mn c`p`mcb`mt`s. [`gnmng` `i c`r`ghn j ij gjpjgbtjgb÷m c` ins o÷v`m`s y su jgg`sn ji prbl`r `lpi`n. [`gnmng`, jsblbsln, `i trjkjon c`i hnejr gnln jgtbvbcjc vjinr c`r`ghn jer`ejcn y  prncug` rbqu`zj y kb`m`stjr sngbji, y c`gijrj qu` `gnm÷lbgj ijs jljs c`qu` gjsjgr`j t`mcrêm j ij s`eurbcjc sngbji c` gnmfnrlbcjc gnm ij i`y. Gnmsbc`rj `i trjkjon gnln um h`ghn sngbji, gningjcn kjon ij prnt`ggb÷m c`i @stjcn. Cbspnm` qu` ij i`y l`onr` ijs gnmcbgbnm`s c` ins trjkjojcnr`s, snkr` ij kjs` c` ins prbmgbpbns c` bmtjmebibcjc, prner`sbvbcjc c` ins c`r`ghns y  k`m`fbgbns ijknrji`s, prbljgìj c` ij r`jibcjc, brr`mumgbjkbibcjc, ` bmt`rpr`tjgb÷m lês fjvnrj fjv nrjki ki`` ji tr trjk jkjo jojc jcnr, nr, y prn prnhì hìk` k` ij cb cbsgr sgrbl blbm bmjgb jgb÷m ÷m `m `i `l `lpi pi`n `n y `i tr trjk jkjo jonn c` jcni`sg`mt`s `m ijknr`s qu` pu`cjm jf`gtjr su c`sjrrniin bmt`erji. Gnmtb`m` mnrljs snkr` s`eurb s`e urbcjc cjc,, hb hbeb eb`m `m`` y jl jlkb kb`m `mt` t` c` tr trjkj jkjon on44 on onrm rmjcj jcj c` tr trjk jkjo jon, n, c` c`sgj sgjms msnn s`l s`ljm jmji ji y vjgjgbnm`s r`lum`rjcns4 sjijrbn sufbgb`mt`, sjijrbn lìmbln, beujicjc sjijrbji, pjrtbgbpjgb÷m `m ins k`m`fbgbns c` ij `lpr`sj, bm`lkjrejkbibcjc y pjen c`i sjijrbn4 pr`stjgbnm`s sngbji`s  pnr jmtbeù`cjc y g`sjmtìj, `stjkbibcjc `m `i trjkjon, r`spnmsjkbibcjc c`i k`m`fbgbjrbn c`i trjkjon pr`stjcn j trjvâs c` bmt`rl`cbjrbn n gnmtrjtbstj, sbm p`roubgbn c` r`spnmsjkbibcjc snibcj snib cjrb rbjj c` âs âstn tns, s, y r`s r`spnm pnmsjk sjkbi bibc bcjc jc c` c`ii `l `lpi pi`j `jcnr cnr `m gj gjsn sn c` sb sblu luij ijgb gb÷m ÷m n frj frjuc uc`` c`stbmjcn j c`svbrtujr, c`sgnmng`r u nkstjguibzjr ij jpibgjgb÷m c` ij i`ebsijgb÷m ijknrji,

 

ibk`rtjc sbmcbgji y prnt`ggb÷m c` bmjlnvbibcjc pjrj prnlntnr`s y r`spnmsjki`s sbmcbgji`s, m`engbj m`en gbjgb÷ gb÷mm gni gni`gt `gtbvj bvj y sni sniugb ugb÷m ÷m c` gnmf gnmfibg ibgtns tns ijk ijknrj nrji`s i`s,, hu`i hu`iej ej y c`r` c`r`ghn ghn c` gr`j gr`jr  r  jsngbjgbnm`s c` gjrêgt`r sngbji y gnnp`rjtbvn. Pm gjpìtuin c` ij Gnmstbtugb÷m `stê c`cbgjcn j ins c`r`ghns c` ins pu`kins bmcìe`mjs, bmgiubcns ins c`r`ghns j s`rvbgbns c` fnrljgb÷m prnf`sbnmji y gjpjgbtjgb÷m, y ins qu` `stjki`g`m `stjki `g`m ij i`ebs i`ebsijgb÷ ijgb÷mm c`i trjkjon. Jsblbsln, Jsblbsln, cbv`rsn cbv`rsnss jrtìg jrtìguins uins s` r`fb`r` r`fb`r`mm j ij fumgb÷m  pÿkibgj. Ij Gnmstbtugb÷m gnmsjerj, jc`lês, `i c`r`ghn c` tncj p`rsnmj ji jlpjrn pnr ins trbkumji`s `m `i eng` y `o`rgbgbn c` ins c`r`ghns y ejrjmtìjs gnmstbtugbnmji`s, jum c` jqu`iins bmh`r`mt`s j ij p`rsnmj qu` mn fbeur`m `xpr`sjl`mt` `m cbghn t`xtn n `m ins bmstrul`mtns bmt` bm t`rm rmjg jgbn bnmj mji` i`ss sn snkr kr`` c` c`r` r`gh ghns ns hu hulj ljmn mns. s. Ij jg jggb gb÷m ÷m c` jl jlpj pjrn rn `s `stê tê c` c`st stbm bmjc jcjj ji r`stjki`gblb`mtn bml`cbjtn c` ij sbtujgb÷m ourìcbgj bmfrbmebcj n ij sbtujgb÷m qu` lês s` js`l`o` j `iij.

Qrnpb`cjc Bmt`i`gtuji @i W`rvbgbn Jut÷mnln c` ij Qrnpb`cjc Bmt`i`gtuji (WJQB), `mt` jcsgrbtn ji Lbmbst`rbn c` Gnl`rgbn Mjgbnmji, blpuisnr c`i c`sjrrniin `gnm÷lbgn c`i pjìs, tb`m` gnln nko`tbvn  prbmgbpji ejrjmtbzjr ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ij Qrnpb`cjc Bmt`i`gtuji Bm t`i`gtuji `m tncn `i t`rrbtnrbn mjgbnmji. Qjrtb`mcn c`i jrtìguin 28 c` ij Gnmstbtugb÷m c` ij [`pÿkibgj Knibvjrbjmj c` V`m`zu`ij, ij Qrnpb`cjc Bmt`i`gtuji s` fnrtji`g` gnm ins bmstrul`mtns ourìcbgns jprnkjcns `m `i pjìs y ins gnmv`mbns y trjtjcns bmt`rmjgbnmji`s susgrbtns pnr V`m`zu`ij `m ljt`rbj c` Qrnpb`cjc Bmcustrbji y C`r`ghn c` Jutnr j trjvâs c` ij Nrejmbzjgb÷m Lumcbji c` Qrnpb`cjc Bmt`i`gtuji (NLQB). @i WJQB gu`mtj gnm umj `strugturj nrejmbzjtbvj qu` prnt`e` j ins bmt`i`gtuji`s, gr`jcnr`s ` bmv`mtnr`s c`i pjìs, j trjvâs c` sus cbf`r`mt`s lncjibcjc`s, tji`s gnln? [`ebstrn c` Ljrgjs, Qjt`mt`s, Ljrgjs Gni`gtbvjs, C`mnlbmjgbnm`s c` Nrbe`m y C`r`ghn c` Jutnr y Gnm`xns. Ij Cbr`ggb÷m Mjgbnmji c` C`r`ghn c` Jutnr, s` gr`÷ pnr C`gr`tn c` Ij I`y snkr` `i C`r`ghn c` Jutnr, `i :rn c` ngtukr` c` :227 y fu` pukibgjcj `m ij Ejg`tj Nfbgbji c` ij [`pÿkibgj Knibvjrbjmj c` V`m`zu`ij M.¿ 3.678 @xtrjnrcbmjrbn. @s um Wbst`lj c` mnrljs ourìcbgjs qu` prnt`e`m ijs gr`jgbnm`s bmt`i`gtuji`s c`i s`r  huljmn. hul jmn. Guj Gujmcn mcn `sjs gr` gr`jgb jgbnm`s nm`s `stêm gnmfnrlj gnmfnrljcjs cjs pnr nkrjs nkrjs c`i bme`mbn bme`mbn c` gjrêgt` gjrêgt`r  r  jrtìstbgn, jrtìst bgn, ibt`rjr ibt`rjrbn bn n gb`mt gb`mtìfbgn ìfbgn s` suksul`m `m `i gjlpn c`i C`r`ghn c` Jutnr4 y, sb, pnr `i gnmtrjrbn, ijs gr`jgbnm`s s` r`fb`r`m j bmv`mgbnm`s, sbemns cbstbmtbvns, `squ`ljs c` trjzjcns c` gbrgubtns bmt`erjcns, ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ins nkt`mtnr`s c` vjrb`cjc`s v`e`tji`s n gr`jgbnm`s vbmguijcjs gnm ij bmcustrbj n `i gnl`rgbn `mtrjm `m `i êlkbtn c`i C`r`ghn c` Qrnpb`cjc Bmcustrbji.

 

¾Zuâ pu`c` s`r prnt`ebcn y g÷ln> W` `mgjrej c` prnt`e`r?  Ijs Bmv`mgbnm`s  Ins Lnc`ins c` Ptbibcjc  Ins Cbs`úns Bmcustrbji`s  Ins @squ`ljs c` Srjzjcn c` ins Gbrgubtns Bmt`erjcns  Ins Wbe Wbemns mns Cbs Cbstbm tbmtbv tbvns? ns? Ljr Ljrgjs gjs c` prnc prncugt ugtns ns y s`rvbgb s`rvbgbns, ns, Ljr Ljrgjs gjs Gni`gt Gni`gtbvj bvjs, s, Ljrgjs c` G`rtbfbgjgb÷m, I`ljs y Mnlkr`s Gnl`rgbji`s, [÷tuins n @lki`ljs, Bmcb Bmcbgj gjgb gbnm` nm`ss E` E`ner nerêfb êfbgj gjss (C (C`mn `mnlb lbmj mjgb gbnm nm`s `s c` Nr Nrbe be`m `m y ij ijss Bm Bmcb cbgj gjgb gbnm` nm`ss c` Qrng`c`mgbj) y ins Wbemns Mntnrbjl`mt` Gnmngbcns  Ins W`gr`tns @lpr`sjrbji`s  Ijs Vjrb`cjc`s V`e`tji`s  Ins [`gursns E`mâtbgns  Ins gnm gnmngb ngblb` lb`mtn mtnss trj trjcbg cbgbnm bnmji` ji`ss c` ijs gnlumb gnlumbcjc` cjc`ss ingji` ingji`ss y c` ins pu`kins pu`kins bmcìe`mjs  Ij Gnlp`t`mgbj C`si`ji  @i C`r`ghn c` Jutnr  Ins C`r`ghns Gnm`xns ji c`r`ghn c` jutn C`mtrn c` su nrejmberjlj s` `mgu`mtrjm ijs sbeub`mt`s c`p`mc`mgbjs? ij Gnnrcbmjgb÷m c` bmsp`ggb÷m y fbsgjibzjgb÷m y ij Gnnrcbmjgb÷m c` r`ebstrn c` ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji. Jgtujil`mt`, c`sc` âstj cbr`ggb÷m s` krbmcj bmfnrljgb÷m y jt`mgb÷m j ins usujrbns y usujrbjs bmt`r`sjcns, s` ii`vj `i r`ebstrn c` ij prncuggb÷m bmt`i`gtuji, s` r`jibzj ij r`g`pgb÷m c` cngul`mtns y s` hjg` ij `mtr`ej c` g`rtbfbgjcns j ins gr`jcnr`s ji fbmjibzjr `i prng`sn c` r`ebstrn4 tjlkbâm tb`m` gnln jtrbkugb÷m jutnrbzjr `i fumgbnmjlb`mtn c` ijs @mtbcjc`s c` E`stb÷m c` c`r`ghns pjtrblnmbji`s y `o`rg`r su fbsgjibzjgb÷m. Ij Gnnrcbmjgb÷m c` bmsp`ggb÷m y fbsgjibzjgb÷m sup`rvbsj y r`jibzj s`eublb`mtn y gnmtrni j  p`rsnmjs mjturji`s y/n y /n ourìcbgjs qu` utbibg`m ijs nkrjs, pr prncugtns ncugtns y prncuggbnm`s prnt`ebcjs, `m gujmtnc`c`m iuejrJ ji y `o`rgbgbn c`@mtbcjc`s ins c`r`ghns `stjki`gbcns `m ij ijs I`yguji`s snkr`snm `i C`r`ghn Jutnr. sueng` v`z, fbsgjibzj j ijs c` E`stb÷m Gni`gtbvj, nrejmbzjgbnm` nrejmbz jgbnm`ss c` gjrêgt`r prbvjcjs gnm p`rsnmjibcjc ourìcb ourìcbgj gj qu` jerupjm j um mÿl`rn c` tbtuijr`s c` c`r`ghns c` jutnr y gnm`xns, guyj fbmjibcjc `s e`stbnmjr y c`f`mc`r ins c`r`ghns pjtrblnmbji`s.

Bmt`rm`t Ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t, supnm` ij prnt`ggb÷m c`i c`r`ghn r`gnmngbcn pnr i`y gnm `i pius c`i jeuo`rn qu` `mgb`rrj ij `xbst`mgbj c` umj bmfnrljgb÷m p`rt`m`gb`mt` j umj  p`rsnmj `m Bmt`rm`t. @i ljm`on c` ijs bc`js p`rt`m`gb`mt`s j ntrjs p`rsnmjs p `rsnmjs y ij prnt`ggb÷m qu` l`r`g`m pnr i`y, s` `mgu`mtrjm kjon ij pr`lbsj ’ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t“. Ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji, `s um c`r`ghn fumcjl`mtji r`gnmngbcn pnr `i jrtìguin ;5, c` ij C`gijrjgb÷m Pmbv`rsji c` C`r`ghns Huljmns, `i guji supnm`?

 

@i c`r`ghn c` tncj p`rsnmj ’j ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ins bmt`r`s`s lnrji`s y ljt`rbji`s qu` i` gnrr`spnmcjm pnr rjz÷m c` ijs prncuggbnm`s gb`mtìfbgjs, ibt`rjrbjs n jrtìstbgjs c` qu` s`j jutnrj.“ Gujmcn s` hjkij c` prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji, s` `stê hjkijmcn c` ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ij gr`jgb÷m c` bc`js c` vjinr ÿmbgn, yj s`jm tjmebki`s n bmtjmebki`s. C` ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ij nrbebmjibcjc `m tncjs sus v`rtb`mt`s. @m ij i`ebsijgb÷m `spjúnij, ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji, r`euijcj `m `i jrtìguin 3;8, c`i G÷cben Gbvbi Gbv bi y `m [`ji C`g C`gr`t r`tnn I`ebsi I`ebsijtb jtbvn vn :/:22 :/:226, 6, c` :; c` jkrbi , s` c`fbm` c`fbm` gnln ’ij nkrj ibt` ibt`rj rjrb rbj, j, jrtì jrtìst stbg bgjj n gb gb`m `mtì tìfb fbgj gj,, `x `xpr pr`s `sjc jcjs js `m gu guji jiqu qub` b`rr l`cb l`cbnn (i (ibk bkrn rns, s, `s `sgr grbt btns ns,, gnlpnsb gnl pnsbgbn gbnm`s m`s lus lusbgj bgji`s i`s,, nkrjs, nkrjs, gnr`ner gnr`nerjfì jfìjs, js, nkrj nkrjss jucbnv jucbnvbsu bsuji` ji`s, s, `sguitu `sguiturjs, rjs, nkrjs nkrjs  pbgt÷rbgjs, pijmns, ljqu`tjs, ljpjs ljpjs,, fntnerjfìjs, prnerjljs c` nrc`mjcnr y kjs`s c` cjtns) qu` gnrr`spnmc` j su jutnr pnr `i snin h`ghn c` su gr`jgb÷m, qu` tb`m` c`r`ghn j `xpintjrij y cbspnm`r c` `iij j su vniumtjc“. @stn `s jsì, pnrqu` ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji supnm` ij `xbst`mgbj c` um gnmoumtn c` c`r`ghns qu` hjg`m qu` `i gr`jcnr c` umj nkrj s`j prnpb`tjrbn c` ij lbslj. @m `st` s`mtbcn, ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji gnlpr`mc` `i r`gnmngblb`mtn c` ins sbeub`mt`s c`r`ghns?  @i c`r`ghn lnrji? in qu` hjg` bc`mtbfbgjr ji jutnr c` ij nkrj gnln suyj.  @i c`r`ghn pjtrblnmbji? in qu` hjg` nkt`m`r umj r`trbkugb÷m `gnm÷lbgj pnr `s` c`r`ghn r`gnmngbcn.

Ij vbnijgb÷m c`i c`r`ghn `m Bmt`rm`t? @m ins ÿitblns júns, s` `stê vb`mcn luy jf`gtjcj ij  prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t, cjcn `i lji usn qu` hjg`m ins usujrbns c` ijs nkrjs ibt`rjrbjs, jrtìstbgjs n gb`mtìfbgjs c` ijs qu` hny cìj s` tb`m`m j cbspnsbgb÷m `m ij r`c. Ij  prnibf`rjgb÷m c`i usn c` Bmt`rm`t Bmt`rm `t gnmii`vj qu` gjcj v`z lês hjyj hjy j bmfnrljgb÷m prnt`ebcj qu` s` utbibzj c` fnrlj bi`eìtblj, hjkb`mcn luitbtuc c` usujrbns qu` hjg`m suyns gnmt`mbcns jo`mns. ¾Zuâ ngurr` sb s` vbnij ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t> Gnln gnmcugtj bi`eji y tìpbgj, gjstbejcj `m `i G÷cben Q`mji `m ins jrtìguins ;51 y ss., `m gjsn c` qu` jieÿm suo`tn bmvjcj c` fnrlj bi`eji `i c`r`ghn prnt`ebcn gnrr`spnmcb`mt` j umj p`rsnmj, cbghj gnmcugtj s`rê gjstbejcj. Jumqu`, in gb`rtn gb`rtn `s qu`, jgtu jgtujil`mt jil`mt`, `, r`suitj luy gnlpibgjcn gnlpibgjcn bc`mt bc`mtbfbgj bfbgjrr j ins suo`tns suo`tns bmfrjgtnr`s, cjcj ij jlpibtuc c` mjv`ejgb÷m `m ij r`c y ij gjmtbcjc c` usujrbns sbm bc`mtbfbgjr. @m ntrj pjijkrj, r`suitj c` cbfìgbi prnt`ggb÷m `i c`r`ghn c` prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t. C` `st` lncn, ij cbebtjibzjgb÷m c` ijs nkrjs y su cbvuiejgb÷m jf`gtj erjv`l`mt` ji `o`rgbgbn c` ins c`r`ghns prnt`ebcns. @m ij jgtujibcjc, ijs c`sgjrejs mn jutnrbzjcjs qu` bmfrbme`m ij i`y s` trjcug`m `m jien c`ljsbjcn hjkbtuji, in qu` s` prncug` c`kbcn j ij fjgbibcjc pjrj c`sgjrejr jrghbvns cbebtji`s y gnpbjs c` gnmt`mbcns mn jutnrbzjcns.

 

J p`sjr c` ins `sfu`rzns pnr prnt`e`r ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t, snm jÿm lês ijs  kjrr`rjs gr`jcjs pnr ins bmfrjgtnr`s pjrj `vbtjr s`r c`sgukb`rtns y s`eubr `vjcb`mcn `i gulpiblb`mtn c` ij i`ejibcjc vbe`mt`.

¾Ij lncbfbgjgb÷m c` ij I`y c` Qrnpb`cjc Bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t `s sufbgb`mt`> Sncn in jmt`rbnr s` trjcug` `m erjmc`s pârcbcjs `gnm÷lbgjs j ins gr`jcnr`s c` ijs nkrjs yj qu`, c`sc` ins bmbgbns c` Bmt`rm`t y jgtujil`mt`, `i gnrtjr-p`ejr sbeu` sb`mcn umj c` ijs ljynr`s fnrljs c` usurpjgb÷m c` ijs nkrjs qu` bmt`i`gtujil`mt`, mn i`s gnrr`spnmc`m j ins qu` ijs usjm y, qu` j p`sjr c` ins l`cbns y cur`zj c` ij mnrljtbvj gjcj v`z lês l`onrjcj, `m gjsn c` bmfrjggb÷m, r`suitj pngn prnkjki` ij blputjgb÷m c`i c`ibtn ji suo`tn bmfrjgtnr ji c`sgnmng`r `i jutnr prnpb`tjrbn ij `xbst`mgbj c` cbghj vbnijgb÷m c` su c`r`ghn. @m c`fbmbtbvj, mn `s tjr`j fêgbi, sbqub`rj c` i`ons, ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m Bmt`rm`t y ij i`ejibcjc c` ij lbslj, pnr in qu` `s m`g`sjrbn s`eubr trjkjojmcn pnr `i i`ebsijcnr y jsì inerjr hjg`r fr`mt` j ins r`tns qu` ijs mu`vjs t`gmnineìjs `stêm pijmt`jmcn.

Qrnt`ggb÷m Bmt`rmjgbnmji @xbst`m mnrljs bmt`rmjgbnmji`s c`stbmjcjs j ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ins c`r`ghns c` prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji. @m pjrtbguijr, `i Jgu`rcn JCQBG c` ij NLG c` :223 rbe` `i râebl`m c` ij  prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m `i sbst`lj luitbijt`rji c`i gnl`rgbn. Qnr `stjr `mljrgjcn `m `i sbst`lj c` ij NLG, `i jgu`rcn gu`mtj gnm `i l`gjmbsln c` sniugb÷m c` cbf`r`mgbjs prnpbn c` `stj nrejmbzjgb÷m.  W` `stê c`kjtb`mcn umj jlpibjgb÷m c` ijs mnrljs c` prnt`ggb÷m bmt`rmjgbnmji`s pnr jieumns  pjìs`s. @m `st` gnmt`xtn, `i Jgu`rcn Gnl`rgbji Jmtb-Fjisbfbgjgb÷m (JGSJ) fu` fbrljcn pn pnr  r  8 pjìs`s, jsì gnln ij Pmb÷m @urnp`j y ;; c` sus @stjcns lb`lkrns `m cbgb`lkr` c` ;1:: y `m`rn c` ;1:;. Jgtujil`mt` `stê p`mcb`mt` c` rjtbfbgjgb÷m.   @m ij Pmb÷m @urnp`j, ij Cbr`gtbvj ;113/38/G@ snkr` ijs l`cbcjs y prng`cblb`mtns c`stbmjcns ji r`sp`tn c` ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji gnmtb`m` cbspnsbgbnm`s snkr` ij prnt`ggb÷m c` ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji? snkr` sjmgbnm`s, l`cbns c` pru`kj, l`cbcjs gjut`ijr`s, `tg.

 

Ibg`mgbj y trjmsf`r`mgbj c` t`gmnineìj @i gnmg`ptn c` t`gmnineìj hj t`mbcn cbf`r`mt`s gnmsbc`rjgbnm`s y gjlkbns c` jgu`rcn ji gnmt`xtnn y `i tb`lpn `m `i qu` snm jpr`gbjcns, sbm `lkjren gnmt`xt `lkjren,, c`sc` umj p`rsp`gtbvj jlpibj, jlpibj,  pnc`lns gnmsbc`rjr qu` ij t`gmnineìj gnlpr`mc` um erupn c` hjkbibcjc`s, prêgtbgjs, tâgmbgjs, y gnmngblb`mtn `m e`m`rji, ÿtbi pjrj r`sniv`r m`g`sbcjc`s n prnki`ljs tâgmbgns.

 

@m `s` s`mtbcn, ji hjkijr c` trjmsf`r`mgbj c` t`gmnineìj, `stjlns r`fbrbâmcnmns ji prng`sn  pjrj trjmsf`rbr gnmngblb`mtn gnmn gblb`mtn t`gmni÷ebgn c` umj pjrt` (p`rsnmj ( p`rsnmj mjturji n ourìcbgj) j ntrj gnm ij bmt`mgb÷m c` s`r utbibzjcn n blpi`l`mtjcn pnr qub`m in r`gbk`. Qnr `o`lpin, umj t`gmnineìj jerìgnij c`sjrrniijcj pnr um erupn c` Bmv`stbejgb÷m c` umj umbv`rsbcjc, guyn  prnp÷sbtn gnmsbst` `m hjg`r lês prncugtbvn y `fbgb`mt` `i guitbvn y gns`ghj c` um c`t`rlbmjcn frutn, pncrìj s`r gnlpjrtbcj gnm ntrj Bmstbtugb÷m n gnm umj `lpr`sj, pjrj s`r  blpi`l`mtjcj n usjcj `m ins prny`gtns c` âstj ÿitblj, sbm `lkjren, `i sblpi` h`ghn c` gnlpjrtbr bmfnrljgb÷m n ins `i`l`mtns qu` gnlpnm`m ij t`gmnineìj, usujil`mt` mn `s sufbgb`mt` pjrj jpibgjrij n blpi`l`mtjrij, jsì qu` r`suitj m`g`sjrbn ii`vjr j gjkn um prng`sn `sp`gìfbgn pjrj trjmsf`rbr jqu`i gnmngblb`mtn tâgmbgn y s`r jpibgjcn `xbtnsjl`mt` pnr qub`m in r`gbk`, pnr `o`lpin j trjvâs c` um prng`sn qu` blpibqu` ij `mtr`ej c` bmfnrljgb÷m tâgmbg tâg mbgj, j, ij jut jutnrb nrbzjgb zjgb÷m ÷m (ib (ibg`mg g`mgbj) bj) pjrj usn n `xpintj `xpintjgb÷ gb÷mm c` c`r`ghn c`r`ghnss c` prnpb`c prnpb`cjc jc bmt`i`gtuji snpnrtjcns `m pjt`mt`s, ij trjmsf`r`mgbj c` s`gr`tns `lpr`sjrbji`s jsngbjcns j ij t`gmnineìj, `i `mtr`mjlb`mtn tâgmbgn pjrj `i `qubpn c` ij Bmstbtugb÷m n `lpr`sj qu` r`gbk` ij t`gm t`gmni nine neìj ìj,, y `i sn snpnr pnrt` t` tâ tâgmb gmbgn gn pnr pjrt` pjrt` c` c`ii `qubp `qubpnn bm bmv`m v`mtn tnrr y/ y/nn gn gnmn mng`c g`cnr nr c` ij t`gmnineìj curjmt` ij blpi`l`mtjgb÷m n curjmt` `i prng`sn c` `sgjijlb`mtn bmcustrbji c` ij t`gmnineìj. @st` tbpn c` prng`sns snm ii`vjcns j gjkn `m `i gnmt`xtn umbv`rsbtjrbn pnr  `o`lpin j trjvâs c` jgu`rcns c` gnijknrjgb÷m, gnmv`mbns c` bmv`stbejgb÷m, jgu`rcns c` bmt` bmt`rgj rgjlk lkbn bn c` p` p`rsn rsnmj mji, i, pjsjmt pjsjmtìj ìjs, s, `stjm `stjmgb gbjs js jg jgjc jcâlb âlbgj gjs, s, `mtr` `mtr` nt ntrn rns, s, bl blpi pibg bgjm jmcn cn sustjmgbjil`mt` um prng`sn c` trjmsf`r`mgbj c` t`gmnineìj `m `i s`mtbcn jmt`s r`f`rbcn. Gnmm `s Gn `stj tjss gnmsb gnmsbc`r c`rjg jgbn bnm` m`ss jg jg`rg `rgjj c` in qu` pu`c` pu`c` `m `mt` t`mc mc`r `rs` s` pn pnrr tr trjm jmsf` sf`r`m r`mgb gbjj c` t`gmnineìj, sure` ij m`g`sbcjc c` gnlpr`mc`r `i erjcn c` r`ijgb÷m qu` tb`m` ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `m `st` tbpn c` prng`sns. Qjrtjlns `mtnmg`s c`i h`ghn qu` `i gnmngblb`mtn t`gm t`gmni ni÷e ÷ebg bgnn `s `s`mg `mgbj bjil il`m `mt` t` `s `stê tê gn gnlp lpu` u`st stnn pn pnrr bm bmfnr fnrlj ljgb gb÷m ÷m tâ tâgm gmbg bgj, j, dm dmnw nw-h -hnw, nw, bmv`mgbnm`s, euìjs, ljmuji`s, prng`cblb`mtns, `mtr` ntrns `i`l`mtns bmtjmebki`s, jmt` in guji, ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `mtrj j ouejr um pjp`i c`t`rlbmjmt` `m ij prnt`ggb÷m y ljm`on c` `stns `i`l`mtns c` mjturj mjturji`zj i`zj bmtjmebki`, bmtjmebki`, y pnr gnmsbeub`mt gnmsbeub`mt`, `, bmstbtugb bmstbtugbnm`s nm`s e`m`rjcnrjs e`m`rjcnrjs c` gnmngblb`mtn gnmngblb`mtn gnln ijs umbv`r umbv`rsbcjc`s sbcjc`s,, r`gurr`m gjcj v`z lês j ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji bmt`i`gtuji  pjrj `mt`mc`r quâ tbpn c` jgtbvns bmtjmebki`s c` prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji `xbst`m `m su t`gmnineìj, g÷ln ljm`ojrins curjmt` `i prng`sn c` trjmsf`r`mgbj, y pnr supu`stn gnmtjr gnm `i gnmtrni m`g`sjrbn pjrj pnc`rins lnm`tbzjr, `s c`gbr, nkt`m`r prnv`ghn j trjvâs c` su `xpintjgb÷m.

Ibg`mgbjs c` Ljrgjs/Frjmqubgbjs s` gnmsbc`rj?  Wbst`lj ibkr`  Wbst`lj c` Bmfnrljgb÷m  Wbst`lj c` [`ijgbnm`s  Q`rìncn gnnibme nff  Wbst`lj c` [`ebstrn

 

Ibg`mgbjs c` Wnftwjr` y Qjt`mt`  @m `i gnmtrjtn c` ibg`mgbj umj c` ijs pjrt`s, tbtui tbtuijr jr c` um c`r`ghn c` prnpb`cjc prnpb`cjc bmcustrbji, bmcustrbji, iijljcj ibg`mgbjmt`, gnmfb`r` j ntrj pjrt` iijljcj ibg`mgbjtjrbj, ij jutnrbzjgb÷m c` usn y eng` c` um c`r`ghn c` prnpb`cjc bmcustrbji, prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji n sblbijr, c` ij lbslj ljm`rj jumqu` mn m`g`sjrbjl`mt` gnm ij lbslj `xt`msb÷m qu` `i prnpb`tjrbn. @i c`r`ghn  p`rljm`g` `m pnc`r c`i tbtuijr, trjmsfb`r` su usn ji ibg`mgbjtjrbn `m fnrlj `xgiusbvj n mn, r`s` r`s`rv rvêm êmcn cns` s` n mn `i c` c`r` r`gh ghnn c` gn gnmt mtbm bmuj ujrr us usêm êmcn cnin in pn pnrr sì y gn gnmf mf`r `rbr br bc bcâm âmtb tbgj gjss jutnrbzjgbnm`s c` usn j t`rg`rns, y jsulb`mcn ij nkibejgb÷m c` mn `o`rg`r ijs jggbnm`s gnmtrj `i ibg`mgbjtjrbn. V`mtjojs `gnm÷lbgjs c`i gnmtrjtn c` ibg`mgbj Jhnrr Jh nrrjm jm n r`c r`cug ug`m `m gn gnst stns ns c` B + C, ljrd` ljrd`tb tbme me y js`eur js`eurjm jm gjibc gjibcjc, jc, `sfu` `sfu`rzn rznss qu qu`` mnrljil`mt` s` jpr`gbjm `m `i prncugtn4 Qrnv``m um `mtnrmn `m `i qu` s` usjrêm ijs  pjt`mt`s y gnmngblb`mtns ibg`mgbjcns qu` blpibgj ljynr prncugtbvbcjc y jul`mtn c` gnlp`tbtbvbcjc4 Qrnlu`v`m ij gnmstruggb÷m c` giust`rs c` t`gmnineìj j ins fbm`s c` ibg`mgbjs gruzjcjs u ntrjs4 Js`eurjm l`o l`onrjs nrjs c` ij t`gmnineìj j trjvâs c` erjmt kjgds n r`trng`sb÷ r`trng`sb÷mm c` l`onrjs4 Fjgbibtjm ij r`gnpbijgb÷m c` bmfnrljgb÷m gnlp`tbtbvj blpnrtjmt` ji nko`tn c` ij ibg`mgbj qu` pu`c` r`suitjr vjibnsj pjrj ij utbibzjgb÷m `gnm÷lbgj c` ij t`gmnineìj.   snkr` Ibg`mgbjs c`’ijs Wnftwjr` y Qjt`mt` I`y Sbpn ij NLQBpnrqu` bmv`mgbnm`s? cbspnsbgbnm`s snkr`Gnl`mtjrbns ins gnmtrjtns jc`ijibg`mgbj snm c` blpnrtjmt`s trjzjm `i ljrgn ourìcbgn pjrj ij jcqubsbgb÷m c` t`gmnineìjs nko`tn c` umj pjt`mt` n c` umj snibgbtuc c` pjt`mt`. Wjivjeujrcjm `m pjrtbguijr ij pnsbgb÷m c` ij pjrt` qu` jcqub`r` `sjs t`gmnineìjs? `i ibg`mgbjtjrbn.

Qrnt`ggb÷m c` Wnftwjr` @i snftwjr`? snftwjr`? ji sbst`lj fnrlji c` um sbst`lj bmfnrlêtbgn, qu` gnlpr`mc` `i gnmoumtn c` ins gnlpnm`mt`s gnlpnm`mt`s i÷ebgns i÷ebgns m`g`sjrb m`g`sjrbns ns qu` hjg`m pnsbki pnsbki`` ij r`jibzjgb÷m c` tjr`js `sp`gìfbgjs, `sp`gìfbgjs, `m gnmtrjpnsbgb÷m j ins gnlpnm`mt`s fìsbgns qu` snm iijljcns hjrcwjr`. Ij bmt`rjggb÷m

 

`mtr` `i snftwjr` y `i hjrcwjr` hjg` np`rjtbvn um nrc`mjcnr (u ntrn cbspnsbtbvn), `s c`gbr, `i snftwjr` `mvìj bmstruggbnm`s qu` `i hjrcwjr` `o`gutj, hjgb`mcn pnsbki` su fumgbnmjlb`mtn. Ins gnlpnm`mt`s i÷ebgns bmgiuy`m, `mtr` lughns ntrns, ijs jpibgjgbnm`s bmfnrlêtbgjs, tji`s gnln `i prng`sjcnr c` t`xtn, qu` p`rlbt` ji usujrbn r`jibzjr tncjs ijs tjr`js gnmg`rmb`mt`s j ij `cbgb÷m c` t`xtns4 `i iijljcn snftwjr` c` sbst`lj, tji gnln `i sbst`lj np`rjtbvn, qu`  kêsbgjl`mt` p`rlbt` ji r`stn c` ins prnerjljs fumgbnmjr jc`gujcjl`mt`, fjgbibtjmcn tjlkbâm ij bmt`rjggb÷m `mtr` ins gnlpnm`mt`s fìsbgns y `i r`stn c` ijs jpibgjgbnm`s, y  prnpnrgbnmjmcn umj bmt`rfjz gnm `i usujrbn

Ij prnt`ggb÷m ourìcbgj c`i snftwjr`?  s` `mgu`mtrj `stjki`gbcj `m ij i`y c` ij prnpb`cjc bmt`i`gtuji (IQB), `m gnmgr`tn `m ins jrtìguins 20 y sbeub`mt`s. @s `i tìtuin c`cbgjcn j ins «prner «pr nerjl jljs js c` nrc nrc`m `mjc jcnr´ nr´.. Jc`l Jc`lês ês c` `stj `stj mnr mnrlj lj `stjt `stjtji ji t` t`m` m`ln lnss qu qu`` r`gnr r`gnrcjr cjr ij `xbst`mgbj c` trjtjcns bmt`rmjgbnmji`s qu` r`euijm y prnt`e`m ins prnerjljs c` nrc`mjcnr. C`fbmbgb÷m i`eji c` prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr @s gb`rtn qu` `qubpjrjr snftwjr` j prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr mn `s in lês gnrr`gtn c`sc` `i  pumtn c` vbstj tâgmbgn, yj qu` um snftwjr` pu`c` hjg`r y s`r gnsjs cbstbmtjs j ijs qu` s` `mtb`mc` qu` r`jibzj um prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr.  Mn nkstjmt`, ij c`fbmbgb÷m i`eji c` prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr pu`c` `mt`mc`rs` joustjcj ji gnmg`ptnn c` snftwj gnmg`pt snftwjr`. r`. Ij i`y c`fbm` j ins prnerjljs c` nrc`mjcnr gnln tncj s`gu`mgbj c` bmstruggbnm`s n bmcbgjgbnm`s c`stbmjcjs j s`r utbibzjcjs, cbr`gtj n bmcbr`gtjl`mt`, `m um sbst`lj bmfnrlêtbgn pjrj r`jibzjr umj fumgb÷m n umj tjr`j n pjrj nkt`m`r um r`suitjcn c`t`rlbmjcn, gujiqub`rj qu` fu`r` su fnrlj c` `xpr`sb÷m y fbojgb÷m. Ij c`fbmbgb÷m i`eji c`i prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr gnlpr`mc` tjlkbâm ij cngul`mtjgb÷m, tjmtn ij pr`pjrjtnrbj gnln ij tâgmbgj y ins ljmuji`s c` usn c`i prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr. Qnr tjmtn, j `f`gtns i`eji`s `i snftwjr` `qubvji` j um prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr, `mt`mcbcn gnln umj s`gu`mgbj c` bmstruggbnm`s n bmcbgjgbnm`s qu` r`jibzjr umj c`t`rlbmjcj fumgb÷m `m um sbst`lj bmfnrlêtbgn4 `mt`mcbâmcns` bmgiubcj `m su prnt`ggb÷m su cngul`mtjgb÷m. Qrnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr nrbebmji?  J mjcb` c`k` `xtrjújr qu` ij IQB tjm s÷in prnt`e`rê ins  prnerjljs c` nrc`mjcnr gnmsbc`rjcns nrbebmji`s. @m pjrtbguijr pr`gbsj qu` `i pprnerjlj rnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr s`rê prnt`ebcn ÿmbgjl`mt` sb fu`s` nrbebmji, `m `i s`mtbcn c` gr`jgb÷m bmt`i`gtuji  prnpbj c` su jutnr. Lês jiiê c` pr`gbsbnm` pr`gbsbnm`ss tâgmb tâgmbgn gn i`eji`s bmm`g`sjrbjs pjrj `i gnmt`mcbn gnmt`mcbn c` `stj pukibgjgb÷m, pukibgjgb÷m, s` `mtb`mc` pnr gr`jgb÷m bmt`i`gtuji prnpbj tncj jqu`iij gr`jgb÷m, nkrj qu` mn hj sbcn gnpbj, `s c`gbr, qu` hj sbcn `ijknrjcj pnr qub`m s`j su jutnr. Gnmt`mbcn c` ij prnt`ggb÷m i`eji @i h`ghn c` qu` `i snftwjr`, prnerjlj c` nrc`mjcnr, s` `mgu`mtrj prnt`ebcn pnr ij IQB blpibgj qu` s` gnmg`c`m j su jutnr ins c`mnlbmjcns c`r`ghns lnrji`s c` jutnr y ins c`r`ghns c` `xpintjgb÷m.

 

Gnmgiusb÷m Ij i`ejibzjg i`ejibzjgb÷m b÷m c` ``lpr`sjs, lpr`sjs, `s um tt`lj `lj luy `xt`msn qu` hj p`rlbt p`rlbtbcn bcn `mrbqu`g`r `mrbqu`g`r `i gnmngblb`mtn c` gjcj t`lj j c`sjrrniijr, yj qu` ij i`ejibzjgb÷m c` ijs `lpr`sjs `s fumcjl`mtji `m ij pjrt` gnmtjki`

 

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