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Xdrslñm 7.9 Ydrl`n` ;975-;

Fdcæg Xgmdbgs Ngmldj Gjkdrt` , F`mtg÷g [`cgs Cugm Nldb`

Fdnlal`mds y NA Yr`hds`r3 Ml÷` QldrrgGA Juls Hrgmalsa` {u75911;5, u7591114}Iumlfljltgr.dnu.a` u7591114}Iumlfljltgr.dnu.a`

  [dsufdm „Nlhdrdmalgr jgs edrrgfldmtgs pgrg fdnlal`mds dm GA y NA, NA, dm dstg dstg pr prça çatla tlag g ut utljl ljlzg zgmn mn` ` dj fujt fujtæfd æfdtr tr` ` y dj `salj`sa`pl`.  Ygjgkrgs ajgvd „

Yudmtd rdatlhlagn`r, nl`n`, trgmsh`rfgn`r, fujtæfdtr`, `salj`sa`pl`.

L. L M^[@NTAALÑM  M um alrault` dm sdrld sd flndm j`s v`jtgcds dm GA y NA nlhd nlhdrd rdma malg lgmn mn`` jg jgss huma humal` l`md mdss nd ndjj fujt fujtæf æfdt dtr` r` y dj `salj`sa`pl`. Nd lbugj fgmdrg sd rdgjlzg um alrault` a`m um trgmsh`rfgn`r,, um pudmtd rdatlhlagn`r y rdslstdmalgs. trgmsh`rfgn`r

D

LX. NDQG[[@JJ@ ND JG Y[ÇA^LAG F`mtgr dj slbuldmtd alrault` pgrg fdnlr s`krd jg rdslstdmalg j` slbuldmtd3 (Hlburg 7) 

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 G. Fgra` tdñrla`

Tm pudmtd rdatlhlagn`r nd nl`n`s, tgfklìm jjgfgn` pudmtd rdatlhlagn`r ` pudmtd nd nl`n`s, ds um nlsp`sltlv` h`rfgn` p`r  augtr` nl`n`s dmsgfkjgn`s nd h`rfg qud umg a`rrldmtd gjtdrmg (GA) a`mdatgng g n`s nd j`s nl`n`s pr`nuad umg a`rrldmtd a`mt a`mtlm lmug ug (NA) (NA) nd sg sgjl jlng ng dm j` j`ss n` n`ss nl nl`n `n`s `s rd rdst stgm gmtd tds. s. (Aurl`s`gmn`, ;974) Dj pudmtd, cumt` a`m um a`mndmsgn`r nd rlzgn` y um nl`n` zdmdr, pgrg jlfltgr jg tdmslñm, pdrfltd a`mvdrtlr jg a`rrldmtd gjtdrmg dm a`mtlmug. Dj pgpdj nd j`s augtr` nl`n`s a`fumds ds egadr qud jg djdatrlalngn vgyg dm um s`j` sdmtln`, fldmtrgs qud dj rdst` nd a`fp`mdmtds tldmdm a`f` humalñm dstgkljlzgr jg sd÷gj. (Dau[dn, ;977)

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LL.A @FYD^DMALGQ G NDQG[[@JJG[  LL.A@FYD^DMALGQ [dgjlzg um rdatlhlagn`r nd fdnlg `mng. [dgjlzg um rdatlhlagn`r nd `mng a`fpjdtg. [dgjlzg fdnlal`mds a`m fujtæfdtr` y `salj`sa`pl` nd jgs sd÷gjds rdatlhlagngs. rdatlhlagngs . dmtrd fdnlal`mds dm GA y A`fprdmnd jgs nlhdrdmalgs NA

LLL. ^[GKGC@ Y[DXL@ Qd egadm jgs rdspdatlvgs slfujgal`mds pgrg dmtdmndr j`s f`mtgcds qud sd prgatlagrçm dm dj jgk`rgt`rl`. Qd a`fprgm j`s fgtdrlgjds pgrg rdgjlzgr nlaeg prgatlag y gnlal`mgj g dst` sd kusag lmh`rfgalñm ndtgjjgng s`krd dst`s fgtdrlgjds pgrg egadr dj alrault` a`m sus rdspdatlvgs fdnlal`mds gslbmgngs. Ds mdadsgrl` jg jdaturg t`tgj nd jg buæg  pgrg `rldmtgrm`s `rldmtgrm`s y sdbulr um pr`adnlfldmt`. pr`adnlfldmt`. 

Dj prdsdmtd n`aufdmt` a`rrdsp`mnd g um lmh`rfd nd prçatlag nd jgk`rgt`rl` nd alrault`s djdatrñmla`s prdsdmtgn` dm jg Tmlvdrslngn Fljltgr Mudvg Brgmgng nurgmtd dj pdrl`n` ;975-;.

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Fdnlr jg sd÷gj slmus`lngj a`m gfpjltun nd 4Xp a`m dj fujtæfdtr` dm GA y dj `salj`sa`pl` dm NA, ndtdrflmd dj v`jtgcd pla` y dj vgj`r [FQ, tdñrla` y  prçatla` a`fpgrd a`fpgrd j`s rdsujtgn`s. rdsujtgn`s. Fdnlr jg sd÷gj slmus`lngj a`m gfpjltun nd 4Xp a`m dj fujtæfdtr` y dj `salj`sa`pl` dm GA, ndtdrflmd dj v`jtgcd pla` y dj vgj`r [FQ, tdñrla` y prçatla`, a`fpgrd j`s rdsujtgn`s. Fdnlr jg sd÷gj augnrgng a`m gfpjltun nd 4Xp a`m dj fujtæfdtr` dm GA y judb` dm NA, rdgjlad dj flsf` pr`adnlfldmt` a`m dj `salj`sa`pl` dm NA y judb` GA, ndtdrflmd dj v`jtgcd pla` y dj vgj`r  [FQ, tdñrla` y prçatla` a`fpgrd j`s rdsujtgn`s. Fdnlr jg sd÷gj trlgmbujgr a`m gfpjltun nd 4Xp a`m dj fujtæfdtr` dm GA y judb` dm NA, rdgjlad dj flsf` pr`adnlfldmt` dj `salj`sa`pl` dm vgj`r  NA y judb` GA, ndtdrflmda`m dj v`jtgcd pla` y dj [FQ, tdñrla` y prçatla` a`fpgrd j`s rdsujtgn`s.

Ygrg dstg pgrtd lfpjdfdmtd dj alrault` nd jg hlburg ; y rdgjlad jgs slbuldmtds fdnlal`mds. 

[dgjladd fdnlal [dgjla fdnlal`md `mdss s`krd s`krd jg rds rdslst lstdma dmalg lg jg augj augj  pudnd tdmdr um vgj`r nd 4o g 79o. A`m dj `salj`sa`pl` nlkucd jg sd÷gj `ktdmlng fdnlng dm GA y dm NA, rdgjlad dj flsf` pr`ads` a`m dj fujtæfdtr`, flnldmn` dm NA y dm GA, a`fprd j`s rdsu rdsujt jtgn gn`s `s,, td tdñr ñrla la`s `s,, nd ndjj fu fujjtæ tæfd fdtr tr`` y nd ndjj `salj`sa`pl`.

Dm jg hlburg > sd `ksdrvg qud agng augnrlaujg nd jg pgmtgjjg ndj `salj`sa`pl` dqulvgjd g 9.;X y a`m dstd ngt` sd pr`slbud g egjjgr dj Xp qud ajgrgfdmtd dm nlaeg slfujgalñm ds 7.19X y a`m dstd vgj`r sd egjjg dj X[FQ a`m jg daugalñm 7. ^dmldmn` dm audmtg qud dst`s vgj`rds dstçm ndslbmgn`s dm NA dm dj `salj`sa`pl` dfltlngs p`r dj bdmdrgn`r nd sd÷gjds. Nd lbugj fgmdrg sd flnd dm pgrgjdj` g jg rdslstdmalg dj v`jtgcd a`m dj fujtæfdtr` dm GA sgkldmn` qud dj vgj`r f`strgn` dm nlaeg yedrrgfldmtg ds dj X[FQ y a`m dstd sd pudnd ndspdcgr dj Xp a`m jg daugalñm 7. Qd rdgjlz` um f`mtgcd (Hlburg 7.) pgrg p`ndr fdnlr a`f` agfklg agf klg dj vgj vgj`r `r [FQ. [FQ. Dst Dstgs gs fdnlal fdnlal`md `mdss jgs `ks `ksdr drvgf vgf`s `s rdspdat` gj tlp` nd sd÷gj, sd flnldr`m sd÷gjds slmus`lndgjds, augnrgngs y trlgmbujgrds, lmtdrprdtgmn` j`s ngt`s vdf`s qud t`ngs jgs sd÷gjds fgmtuvldr`m dj flsf` rgmb` dm dj Xgj`r pla` qud drg nd 4X, jgs sd÷gjds yg vdmægm f`strgmn` nlhdrdmtds a`fp`rtgfldmt`s dm dj vgj`r [FQ, t`fgmn` dm audmtg qud jg flsfg sd÷gj sd flnl` prlfdr` a`m dj `salj`sa`pl` dm NA y

 

LMH@[FD ND Y[ÇA^LAG ND JGK@[G^@[L@ Y[@B[GFG ND LMBDMLD[ÆG FDAG^[ÑMLAG

 

judb` dm GA, a`m dj fujtæfdtr` sd rdpltlñ dj flsf` pr`ads`, dm jgs sd÷gjds slmus`lndgjds vlf`s qud dj fujtæfdtr` dm GA grr`cg um vgj`r fuy adragm` gj qud ng dj `salj`sa`pl`, j` flsf flsf`` su suad adnl nlññ gj gjtd tdrm rmgm gmn` n` dj tl tlp` p` nd a` a`rr rrld ldmt mtdd dm j` j`ss lms lmstru trufdm fdmt`s t`s nd fd fdnla nlalñm lñm,, pgsgmn pgsgmn`` g umg sd÷gj sd÷gj augnrg augnrgng ng `ksdrv `ks drvgf` gf`ss agfkl` agfkl`ss fuae` fuae` fgs krusa` krusa`s, s, dm jg prlfd prlfdrg rg  prudkg fdnlf`s a`m dj fujtæfdtr` fujtæfdtr` dm NA y dj @salj`sa`pl` dm GA, `ksdrvgf`s qud dj futjlfdtr` m`s nl` um vgj`r fgs gjt` qud dj `salj`sa`pl`, pdr` gjtdrmgmn` dj tlp` nd a`rrldmtd dm j`s ndpdqud÷` fdnlalñmp`r `ksdrvgf`s dj fujtæfdtr` tdmlglmstrufdmt`s um vgj`r fuy gsl ndalrj`qud tdmnldmn` g adr`, dst` ds ndkln` g qud dj fujtæfdtr` flnd dj vgj`r [FQ nd jg sd÷gj, gj tdmdr jg sd÷gj augnrgng y d fujtæfdtr` trgtgmn` nd jddr dm NA umg sd÷gj GA egad j`s açjauj`s nd pr`fdnl` p`r j` augj sd tdrflmg gmujgmn` jgs agmtlngnds, m` sldmn` j` flsf` dm dj `salj`sa`pl` qud m`s nl` um vgj`r nd 4X, dm jg sd÷gj trlgmbujgr `aurrlñ agsl qud jg flsfg sltugalñm s`j` qud j`s vgj`rds sl sd rdnucdr`m nrçstlagfdmtd, tdmldmn` dm audmtg qud sldfprd hud jg flsfg sd÷gj, s`j` qud sd agfkl` dj tlp` nd sd÷gj y dj mstrufdmt` nd fdnlng, j`s pgrçfdtr`s nd jg `mng sd fgmtuvldr`m ndsnd jg prlfdrg sd÷gj dfltlng. Dm dj alrault` nd jg hlburg 7 vdf`s a`f` jg a`rrldmtd gjtdrmg qud trgd 779X sd trgmsh`rfg g 79X ndspuìs nd pgsgr p`r dj trgmsh`rfgn`r,, dj augj tgfklìm kgcg jg lmtdmslngn g 7G, dm dstd trgmsh`rfgn`r  pumt` punlf`s fdnlr a`m dj `salj`sa`pl` jg sd÷gj qud dstçkgf`s rdalkldmn` `ksdrvgmn` ajgrgfdmtd dj pgrçfdtr` nd dj v`jtg v`jtgcd cd,, sd sdbu buln ln`` nd ds` jg sd÷gj sd÷gj hj hjuy uydd g dj pudmt pudmtdd rdatlhlagn`r y sd a`mvldrtd dm NA, dstd a`fp`mdmtd dm dj alrault` p`næg sdr um` s`j` ` jg umlñm nd nl`n`s dm aldrtg nlsp`slal nlsp` slalñm ñm qud j`brgm egadr egadr jg flsfg flsfg humalñm, humalñm, pgrg mudstr` mudstr` ags` sd us` um s`j` a`fp`mdmtd, augmn` jg sd÷gj yg sgjd ndj  pudmtd rdatlhlagn`r rdatlhlagn`r sd flnl` a`m dj `salj`sa`pl`, `salj`sa`pl`, Hlburg 4. J` qud j`brgf`s j`brgf`s `ksdrvg `ksdrvgrr ds a`f` a`f` jg sd÷gj sd÷gj GA agfklg agfklg t`tgjfdmtd su h`rfg y s`j` h`rfg pgrtd nd um augnrgmtd ndj  pjgm`, dm dj p`sltlv` ` mdbgtlv` ndpdmnldmn` nd dj sdmtln` nd jg a`rrldmtd, vdf`s a`f` jg sd÷gj slbud agfklgmn` dm dj tldfp` y m` ds umg jæmdg a`f` sd ga`stufkrg g vdr umg sd÷gj

Hlburg 7. Alrault` g trgkgcgr 

Hlburg ; (Qlstdfg kçsla` nd rdatlhlagalñm)

Hlburg.1 Qlfujgalñm Yudmtd rdatlhlagn`r 

NA, dst` brgalgs gj pudmtd rdatlhlagn rdatlhlagn`r. `r.  LX-G. Yrdsdmtgalñm nd hlburgs

Hlburg.> Qlfujgalñm alrault`

Xdrslñm 7.9 Ydrl`n` ;975-;

 

LMH@[FD ND Y[ÇA^LAG ND JGK@[G^@[L@ Y[@B[GFG ND LMBDMLD[ÆG FDAG^[ÑMLAG

 

Xdrslñm 7.9 Ydrl`n` ;975-;

X. A@MAJTQL@MDQ   

[dgjlzg um rdatlhlagn`r nd fdnlg `mng. [dgjlzg um rdatlhlagn`r nd `mng a`fpjdtg. [dgjlzg fdnlal`mds a`m fujtæfdtr` y `salj`sa`pl` nd

jgs sd÷gjds rdatlhlagngs. rdatlhlagngs. A`fprdmnd jgs nlhdrdmalgs dmtrd fdnlal`mds dm GA y NA Qd lmtdrl`rlzgm jgs nlhdrdmalgs nd jgs fdnlal`mds dm GA y NA, nd qud ndpdmndm agng tlp` nd fdnlng a`f` j` ds dj vgj`r [FQ qud m`s fudstrg dj vgj`r dhdatlv` nd jg sd÷gj,  pdr` vdf`s a`f` ndpdmnldmn` nd jg sd÷gj sd÷gj qud fgmdcdf`s y dj tlp` nd a`rrldmtd nd fdnlg, sd pudnd jjdbgr g agmadjgr  Qd lmtdrl`rlzg dj a`madpt` nd pudmtd rdatlhlagn`r a`f` a`fp`mdmtd qud m`s gyung y gp`rtg jg trgmsh`rfgalñm nd umg sd÷gj GA dm NA, pgrg p`ndr tdmdr fdc`r us` nd jg flsfg. 

Hlburg 4.  LX-G.

Yrdsdmtgalñm nd daugal`mds

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_7V Aurl`s`gmn`. (91 nd 77 nd ;974). @ktdmln` ettps3//aurl`s`gmn`.a`f/qud-ds-u ettps3//aurl `s`gmn`.a`f/qud-ds-um-pudmtd-rdatlhl m-pudmtd-rdatlhlagn`r-nd-nl`n`s agn`r-nd-nl`n`s _;V Dau[dn. (;1 nd 9> nd ;977). @ktdmln` ettps3//www.daurdn.au/YudmtdPrdatlhlagn`r 

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