Informe Mantenimiento de Carrocerias
February 23, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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[ELYKV]LHOH HK CA] OEHK] IOM[CXOH HK LEBKELKVLO @KMÏELMO O[XA@AXV O[XA@AXVLT LT
LEIAV@K HK @OEXKEL@LKEXA MAVVKMXLYA HK MOVVAMKVLO] LEXKBVOEXK]4
X[VEA4 @OXKVLO4
HAMKEXK4
EAMJK @OEXKEL@LKEXA @OEXKEL@L KEXA MAVVKMXLYA HK MOVVAMKVÀO MOVVAMKVÀO] ]
Leb. Darbk Or`oeha Xlmaeo _ulspk
66->8-6>6? Co ^oz -Faclvlo
LEIAV@K HK @OEXKEL@LKEXA MAVVKMXLYA HK MOVVAMKVLO]
Moromtkràstlmos Moromtkràstlm os hkc Ykjàmuca4
^como4 8:? ^JC Mcosk4 O[XA@AYLC @ormo4 @LX][FL]JL Xlpa hk vkjàmuca4 COEMKV ]uftlpa4 ]KVYLMLA ^OVXLM[COV Macar4 FCOEMA @ahkca hk vkjàmuca4 ?,=6>,8>>,9>> y ?>>>
Cldo =@ e 6>> cldoha ke obuo Cldo =@ e =9> cldoha ke obuo Cldo =@ e 8>> cldoha ke obuo Cldo =@ e 9>> cldoha ke obuo Cldo =@ e ?>>> cldoha ke obuo
^ramkhl`lketa Hkc Xrofoda Vkoclzoha4
KC XVOFODA _[K ]K VKCLTOVO
^osa ?4 ^VK^OVOHA HK ][^KVILMLK Co cl`plkzo y kc hkskebrosoha ks kc posa l`prksmlehlfck hkc pramksa hk prkporomlýe hk co supkrilmlk o pletor. Ksto cl`plkzo kcl`leo tahas cas rkslhuas y maeto`leoetks quk sk hkpasltoe ke co pleturo mae kc posa hkc tlk`pa y kc usa. ^oro ksto apkromlýe ekmksltork`as obuo, hkskebrosoetks y poÿa bu`asa.
^osa 64 CLDOHA Cukba hk cl`plor co supkrilmlk, pramkhkrk`as o cldor cos ïrkos hoÿohos, poro kccas sk hkfk lespkmmlaeorr hktkelho`ketk tahos cos plkzos o pletor, lhketlilmoeha cos ïrkos quk lespkmmlaeo ekmksltke skr rkstourohos ( Yìosk to`flìe4 Ma`a rkstouror pleturo outa`atrlz ). Cas hoÿas usuocks quk pahk`as kemaetror ke co pleturo oetlbuo sae ofaccohuros, oroÿozas, l`pomtas hk afdktas, ktm.
^ar co vorlkhoh hk hoÿas quk pahrào`as kemaetror, rksucto maevkelketk mcoslilmorcas ke trks tlpas. Vkporomlaekss hk mjopo4 ]l co mjopo jo slha rkporoho, ks prafofck quk jo Vkporomlaek joyoe yoe qukhoha rostras hk pleturo hksmosmorlccoho a hkselvkcks frusmas ketrk cos mopos hk pleturo, ks par kcca quk skrï ekmksorla usor ue broea hk cldo bruksa ^:> poro hkmopor co zaeo, pramuroeha quk ea kxlstk ue hkselvkc frusma frusma ketrk co pleturo soeo y co mjopo. mjopo. Ofaccohuros ckvks4 Ke kstas mosas, sl co pleturo ea kstï portlho a hksmosmorlccoho, ea ks ekmksorla jomkr ue cldoha praiueha, saca ks ekmksorla cldor co prl`kro mopo mae cldo ^?:>, ksta mae co ileoclhoh hk oskburor co ohjkrkemlo hk co o`orlcco quk sk opclmoro poro elvkcor hlmjo ofaccohuro. Oroÿozas k l`pomtas4 Ke kstas mosas joy quk hkmopor josto kemaetror ueo mopo soeo, oskburïehask oskburïe hask quk cas troeslmlýe ketrk co zaeo oikmtoho y cao zaeo ke fuke kstoha kstk suovk`ketk hkbrohoho. hkbrohoho. ]k rkma`lkeho r kma`lkeho cldo broea ^?;> ” ^?:>. ^?:>.
^O]A =4 KE@O]LCCOHA Cukba hk cldor cos supkrilmlks o pletor, pramkhkrk`as o ke`oslccor cos ïrkos hoÿohos. Kc ke`oslccoha maeslstk ke opclmor `oslcco paclìstkr poro rkcckeor cos l`pkrikmmlaeks hk co mjopo. Co `oslcco paclìstkr Oeypso ks ueo posto mae broe mopomlhoh hk rkcckea, skmoha rïplha y iïmlc cldoha. ^oro su opclmomlýe ks rkma`kehofck ueo kspïtuco omkroho omkroho.. Hkskebrosorr co supkrilmlk oetks hk `oslccor poro oskburor ueo `kdar ohjkrkemlo. Hkskebroso ^rkporomlýe hk co `oslcco4 Co `oslcco ks ue prahumta fl-ma`paeketk. Masto hk co `oslcco hk paclìstkr y co mrk`o kehurkmkhar. Co rkommlýe quà`lmo hk o`fas ma`paeketks pravamo kc kc skmoha y kehurkml`lketa kehurkml`lketa hk co `ls`o. `ls`o. Co `oslcco y kc kehurkmkhar joe hk `kzmcorsk ke co praparmlýe marrkmto7 par moho ?6>>> portks hk `oslcco `oslcco sk oÿohk 6 portks hk kehurkmkhar. kehurkmkhar. Vk`avkr co `oslcco josto quk ohqulkro ue macar ueliar`k. Opclmomlýe hk co `oslcco4 Mae co oyuho hk ueo kspïtuco omkckroho, opclmork`as co `oslcco safrk co supkrilmlk o rkcckeor, oskburïehaeas hk mufrlr taho kc ïrko hkmopoho. Hkfk`as tkekr ke muketo co iar`o hk co plkzo quk ksto`as ke`oslccoeha, pramuroeha horck o co `oslcco co `ls`o iar`o hk hlmjo plkzo.
^O]A 84 O^CLMOMLÝE HK FO]K ^VL@KV [VKXOEA Kc ^rl`kr [rktoea T; Oeypso ks ueo pleturo hk iaeha mae ue octa maetkelha ke sýclhas, tlkek broe mopomlhoh hk rkcckea y ks iïmlc cldoha.
Kc prl`kr rkcckeo pkqukÿas hkikmtas hk cos rkporomlaeks y pormjks hk `oslcco (paras, surma, royaeks), praparmlaeoeha ue sustrota ja`abìeka o co pleturo hk omofoha., ohk`ïs pratkbk cos supkrilmlks hk `ktoc hkseuha quk joyoe qukhoha oc hksmuflkrta huroetk kc cldoha prkvla Hkskebrosorr co supkrilmlk Hkskebroso Ke`osmoror cos zaeos quk ea voe o pletorsk. ^rkporomlýe hk co l`prl`omlýe4 Kc l`prl`oetk ks ue prahumta fl ” ” ma`paeketk, ma`paeketk, ca muoc l`pclmo quk jo hk `kzmcorsk mae kc motoclzohar poro quk tkebo cubor kc skmoha hkc `ls`a. Kc hlsacvketk odustorï co vlsmaslhoh hkc prahumta. Co praparmlýe hkc l`prl`oetk, motoclzohar y hlcuyketk hkpkehkrï hkc iofrlmoetk. Co praparmlýe hk `kzmco usuoc hkc l`prl`oetk y kc motoclzohar ks ?Bc hk Fosk, ?/: hk motoclzohar y ° Bc hk hlsacvketk. Opclmomlýe hkc l`prl`oetk4 ]k opclmo mae plstaco maevkemlaeoc maevkemlaeoc a jvcp. Opclmor has `oeas jô`khos hkc prahumta, hkdoeha ue letkrvoca hk ; o ?> `le. Ketrk mopos. Cukba hk pletor co supkrilmlk eas hlspaek`as o cldor cl dor mae cldoharo usoeha cldo broea ^8>>, y sl ea hlspaek`as hk ueo, usor cldo broea =6> poro cldor o `oea.
^O]A ;4 O^CLMOMLÝE O^CLMOMLÝE HK CO ^LEX[VO ^LEX[VO @AEAMO^O ^[ >8> Hkskebrosoha4 Hkskebroso ha4 ^oro kcl`leor muocqulkr rkslhua quk l`prkbek co supkrilmlk, hkfk`as hkskebrosorco, hkskebro sorco, poro kcca usork`as hlsacvketk hkskebrosoetk hkskebrosoetk y ue poÿa hk `lmrailfro, kc muoc eas oskburorï ueo supkrilmlk cl`plo y sle l`purkzos l `purkzos el pkcusos. Kc ^oÿa Bu`asa4 Kc poÿa bu`asa, to`flìe cco`oha poÿa otropopacva, ks ue tropa kspkmloc l`prkbeoha mae rksleo quk posork`as safrk co supkrilmlk o pletor poro rkmabkr cas ôctl`as rkstas hk portàmucos sýclhos. ]k hkfk hksclzor suovk`ketk par taho co supkrilmlk sle kdkrmkr hk`osloho prkslýe. ^VK^OVOMLÝE HK @KTMCO4 ?Bc hk fosk macar flmopo T; ? Bc hk hlsacvketk urktoea T;
O^CLMOMLÝE4 Opclmor 6 o = `oeas hkpkehlkeha hkc macar. Xlk`pa hk opclmomlýe ketrk `oea y `oea rkma`kehoha4 ?> o ?; `le.
^O]A 9 4 VKXA_[K] Ke kstk posa ca quk sk rkoclzoro ks hk pletor cos portks skmuehorlos hkc vkjàmuca poro horck ue omofoha `ïs kstìtlma y praikslaeoc
Xrofoda o rkoclzor ^lkzo Cotkrocks troskras
]k pramkhlý o lhketlilmor cas trofodas o rkoclzor
^rksketo ofaccohuros y pleturo ke vlhrla hk co pukrto hkc vkjàmuca, pastkrlar`ketk sk rkoclzý kc hks`oemjk hk pleturo hk cas vlhrlas, kc cldoha hk co mjopo hk morramkrào mae hlikrketks eô`kras y tlpas hk cldo (poro obuo y skma).
]k kvlhkemla ke kc letkrlar hkc vkjàmuca hksor`oha y sumla
]k `omlcca cuborks quk prksketofoe hksbostk ke mjopo mae `omlcco poro pcïstlma y paclìstkr.
]k pramkhlý o k`popkcor portks o ea pletorsk.
]k rkoclzý kc pletoha hk taha kc vkjàmuca mae pleturo `otk y pleturo urktoea omràclma.
Xrofoda o rkoclzor plkzo pukrto troskro lzqulkrho
Ksto plkzo quk ks co pukrto hkc coha lzqulkrha hkfk`as hk rkoclzor kc trofoda hk cldoha y `oslccoha hkc pueta mràtlma `ïs hoÿoha.
Ks ksto l`obke sk rkoclza kc cldoha ma`pckta hk taho co plkzo josto quk co plkzo ta`k ue macar sle frlcca ke sl `otkoha.
Ksto plkzo ks kc docohar hk co pukrto lzqulkrho, kstk docohar ksto mae hoÿas hk rupturos hkc `otkrloc hk mra`oha kc muoc sk hkfk cl`plor kso ïrko y pahkrca rkstofckmkr.
Ke ksto l`obke yo kstï rkoclzoha kc `oslccoha hk cas puetas hoÿohas y osà elvkcorca mae co opclmomlýe hk `oslcco.
[eo vkz `oslccoha co plkzo haehk sk utlclzý utl clzý `oslcco marrlketk mae co `kzmco hk motoclzohar poro co `kzmco ja`abìeko mae co oyuho kspïtucos ke tlpa co`leo y sk opclmý o ue tlk`pa marrlha poro quk co `oslcco ea kstì skma y hk kso `oekro sk pkrhkrào `otkrloc.
Ke ksto l`obke sk rkoclzý kc k`popkcoha k`popkcoha mae pkrlýhlma y pkborca mae mleto `osqule. ^oro cukba sk prl`kr utlclzoeha ueo ma`prksaro y ueo plstaco hk pletoha sk pletý cas puetas hk `oslccohas `oslccohas y cldohas. cldohas. ]k hkfk hkdor hkdor ue pama hk tlk`pa poro ke skmoha skmoha tatoc.
Ke ksto l`obke sk pukhk vkrlilmor co plkzo yo rkstouroha toeta kc docohar taha ksta sk rkoclzý mae pleturo fcoema y pleturo ekbra mae ue `oekda marrkmta ke kc `a`keta pletoha sk cabrý cabrý ue rksuctoha `uy sotlsikmja mcoro `ketk `ketk sk pukhk pukhk afskrvor ke co l`obke.
^rkporomlýe hk supkrilmlk ]k cový co pukrto lzqulkrho troskro tr oskro hkc vkjàmuca poro kcl`leor taha tlpa hk obketks maeto`leoetks ma`a4
Broso
^acva
^ortàmucos `ktïclmos
?. Hktkr`leomlýe hkc kstoha Kc vkjàmuca @LX][FL]JL `ahkca COEMKV BCZ, ke sus maehlmlaeks lelmlocks prksketa hoÿas hoÿas octas ke co pukrto pukrto troskro lzqulkrho lzqulkrho prahumlhas par maclslaeks ckvks ckvks a bacpks ke kc skmtar. 6. Cldoha. Mae co utlclzomlýe hk cldos hk broea 8>>, sk prkporý co supkrilmlk hkc `ktoc cldoeha cl doeha hk iar`o uelhlrkmmlaeoc poro qultor kc frlcca hk co pleturo oetkrlar y hk co `ls`o iar`o lhketlilmor cas bacpks l`pkrmkptlfcks. Cldoha hk co co plkzo
=. Vkporomlýe hk ofaccohuros ckvks Cos ofaccohuros pkqukÿos quk `astrofo kc vkjàmuca sk cos kehkrkzý mae co oyuho hk ue `ortlcca y ue hkstarelccohar pcoea o bacpk.
8. ^rkporomlýe hk co supkrilmlk. [eo vkz quk sk jo kehkrkzoha ca `ïs paslfck kc ïrko haehk sk kemaetrofo cos ofaccohuros sk pramkhk pramkhk o cldor mae co oyuho hk ueo cldo hk broea ?>>, pastkrlar o ksta kc ïrko ks cl`ploho kcl`leoeha taha tlpa hk rkslhuas r kslhuas hkdïehaca hkdïehaca clsta poro co opclmomlýe hk co `oslcco. ^rkporomlýe hk co supkrilmlk.
;. @kzmcoha hk co `oslcco ]k prkporý co `oslcco ke ueo moeoclzomlýe ohkmuo ohkmuoho, ho, josto aftkekr ueo posto suovk, clfrk hk bru`as y co maeslstkemlo ohkmuoho poro oskburor su ohjkrkemlo. Ksta mae co oyuho hk 6 kspïtucos kspkmloc`ketk poro `oslcco y ueo supkrilmlk poro prkpororco. `oslcco, motoclzohar, kspïtucos y supkrilmlk hk `ohkro.
9. Opclmomlýe hk co `oslcco safrk co supkrilmlk oikmtoho. ^rkporoho co supkrilmlk co opclmomlýe hk co `oslcco sk rkoclzý muoeta oetks ke ueo supkrilmlk tatoc`ketk cl`plo y flke cldoho, sk opclmý ueo mopo ileo y ma`pomto. Oprktoeha co `oslcco ilr`k`ketk maetro co supkrilmlk safrk cas oroÿozas hk cldo poro `oxl`lzor co uelýe mae co oyuho hk ueo kspïtuco poro `oslcco, sk macamý ueo moetlhoh ohkmuoho quk mufro cos l`pkrikmmlaeks ke ue `avl`lketa ilr`k y maetracoha yo quk ueo `oslcco lrrkbucor rkqulkrk `ïs tlk`pa o co jaro hk cldorco, co kspïtuco sk `oelpuca safrk kc ïrko hk `oekro quk ìsto ohqulkro kc `ls`a maetarea quk co plkzo. Muoeha ccoo `oslcco sk skmý par ma`pckta, sk opclmý mopos ohlmlaeocks poro `kdaror kc ospkmta hkc ïrko hk rkporomlýe josto aftkekr co iar`o hkskoho, ks ekmksorla kspkror quk moho mopo sk oslketk oetks hk opclmor co slbulketk. ]l sk opclmo ueo broe moetlhoh hk `oslcco safrk kc ïrko oikmtoho sle oetks kspormlr ueo mopo ileo y ma`pomto safrk co zaeo, co c o uelýe skrï hkilmlketk y oporkmkrïe plmohuros. plmohuros. ]k hkfk kvltor quk co ju`khoh sk hkpasltk safrk kc ïrko o rkporor. Kstk prahumta sk moromtkrlzo par4
Fuke pahkr hk rkcckea.
Iomlclhoh hk opclmomlýe.
Vïplha skmo`lketa. skmo`lketa.
Iomlclhoh oc cldor.
Fukeo ohjkrkemlo.
2. Cldoha hk co `oslcco [eo vkz quk co `oslcco sk opclmý safrk kc ïrko oikmtoho sk hksfosta `oeuoc`ketk yo quk sk tkeào supkrilmlks murvohos, sk macamý hlrkmto`ketk co `oea safrk kc popkc hk cldo, y sk opueto slk`prk ke co hlrkmmlýe quk sk vo o cldor poro kvltor royos praiuehos. Kstk trofoda sk jlza suovk`ketk, ke troykmtas martas y slbulkeha co murvos a pkrilcks hk ccoo supkrilmlk. Hk`osloho prkslýe prkslýe k`fato kc popkc hk cldo y amoslaeo royos a orrubos. Kc cldoha to`flìe sk jlza mae co oyuho hk ue toma hk cldoha pcoea hkc to`oÿa hk ue muorta hk jado hk popkc hk cldo. cld o. Kstk `ìtaha ks lhkoc poro supkrilmlks pcoeos y tlkek co
vketodo hk kcl`leor co tkehkemlo o skbulr cos murvos quk prksketoe hkikmtas pkqukÿas hk cos pleturos oetlbuos. ^ukrto cldoho hkspuìs hk `oslccor.
Kc cldoha sk jlza suovk`ketk, mae ueo cldo hk =@ eô`kra :> iomlcltoeha co rk`amlýe hkc kxmksa hk `otkrloc. Cukba hk kstk pramksa sk opclmý kc hkbrohk hk cldoha portlkeha hkc usa hk co cldo hk broea ?>>, 66> josto cckbor o co cldo cld o hk broea =9>. Cas rkslhuas sk rktlrorae mae ofuehoetk obuo y sk iuk skmoeha mae ueo iroekco.
:. ^rkporomlýe hk supkrilmlk Mae co pukrto troskro lzqulkrho yo clsto y sle l`pkrikmmlaeks sk pramkhlý o prkporor co supkrilmlk hk co `ls`o poro co opclmomlýe hk co pleturo.
. Opclmomlýe hk (^VL@KV). ]k opclmý prl`kr poro quk kxlsto ohjkrkemlo hk co posto marrkmtaro y pleturo hk omofoha, boroetlzoeha co pratkmmlýe oetlmarraslvo oetlmarraslvo hkc `ktoc, kc frlcca ýptl`a y co elvkcomlýe lhkoc. Hk co `ls`o iar`o sk pramkhlý o cldor mae ueo cldo hk broea ?>>> poro oileor taho co supkrilmlk.
^letoha hk co ?ro mopo mae ^VL@KV
??. Opclmomlýe hk co pleturo. Kstk pramksa ks kc `ïs l`partoetk quk sk jlsa yo quk hk kcca hkpkehlý kc omofoha ileoc hk co pukrto troskro lzqulkrho hkc vkjàmuca, k`pkzoeha mae ue arhke hk pletoha plet oha quk sk slbuk hkshk co portk hkcoetkro josto co pastkrlar. ]k brohuý co prkslýe hkc olrk y kc iculha hk co pleturo ke co plstaco, poro maeskbulr maeskbulr kc ofoelma hk opclmomlýe opraploha mae co prkslýe `ïs fodo yo quk ueo prkslýe `uy octo amoslaeo pìrhlhos pìrhlhos hk pleturo par rkfatk y hls`leumlýe hk cas rkehl`lketas. Huroetk co opclmomlýe, sk `oetuva co plstaco ke ïebuca rkmta mae co supkrilmlk quk sk pleto y o ueo hlstoemlo hk ?; o 6; mketà`ktras. Muocqulkr hksvlomlýe hksvlomlýe arlbleo mop mopos os hlsporkdos, kspacvarkas, kspacvarkas, mjarrkas a kspksarks octas hoeha ue skmoha cketa. ]k opclmý slk`prk o ueo vkcamlhoh ueliar`k, maeskrvoeha maeskrvoeha co hlstoemlo sle lemcleor l emcleor co plstaco mae `avl`lketas `avl`lketas hk co ` `oea oea a kc maha. maha. ]k Lelmlý kc `avl`lketa hk co plstaco oetks hk oprktor kc botlcca y sk oicada oetks hk tkr`leor co posoho. Ksto tìmelmo kvlto kspksarks kxmkslvas ke cas k`potks hk ueo "posoho" mae atro7 ohk`ïs oyuho o maeskrvor cl`plo co plstaco y o hls`leulr co iotlbo hkc pletar. ]k oskburý oskburý hk quk moho moho posoho mufro co `ltoh hk co oetkrlar poro af aftkekr tkekr mopos ueliar`ks mae kc `kear eô`kra hk posohos.
Omofoha hk pletor mae pleturo fco fcoemo. emo.
^astkrlar oc pletoha sk qultý taha kc ke`osmoroha quk sk rkoclzý oetkrlar`ketk. Hk co `ls`o iar`o sk ke`osmora cos portks ekmksorlos poro pletor hk ekbra cas farhks. ?6. ^uclha. ]k kdkmutý muoeha co pleturo kstuva ma`pckto`ketk skmo poro kvltor quk kc omofoha sk royk a `oemjk hk ue `aha lrrkporofck mae kc puclha sk kcl`leý pkqukÿos royos supkrilmlocks, kspacvarkas y k`potks. Xrofoda Xkr`leoha. Hk ksto `oekro qukho hk`astroha kc pramksa poro co rkstouromlýe hk co pukrto troskro lzqulkrho hkc @LX][FL]JL COEMKV mae cas posas quk sk hkfk skbulr. ^ukrto troskro lzqulkrho tkr`leoho hk pletor y puclr.
Xrofoda o rkoclzor plkzo Buorhoioeba hkcoetkra
^ramkhl`lketa Hkc Xrofoda Vkoclzoha4 lelmloc`ketk sk rkoclzý co cl`plkzo hkc vkjàmuca poro pahkr vkr vkr `os o hktocck ke quk kstoha sk sk kemaetrofo kc `ls`a, pastkrlar`ketk pastkrlar`ketk moho kstuhloetk rkoclza ueo plkzo ke kspkmàilma, vlkeha ke quk kstoha sk kemaetrofo hlmjo plkzo. Ke kstk mosa trofodk ke kc buorhoioeba hkcoetkra VJ, kc muoc prksketofo `uy pkqukÿos l`pkrikmmlaeks o trotor. ]k k`pkzý cldoeha`co plkzo mae ueo cldo e 8>> cldoha ke obuo poro pahkr qultor qultor kc frlcca quk tkeào co plkzo y pahkr somor somor ocbueo l`pkrikmmlaeks quk quk tkeào, pastkrlar`ketk ueo vkz uflmoha ocbôe prafck`o ke co mjopo quk tkeào has pkqukÿas juehl`lketas sk pramkhlý o co mmarrkmmlýe arrkmmlýe utlclzoeha prl`kro`ketk prl`kro`ketk ueo cldo e :> poro hksbostor ue pama co pleturo quk tkeào y pastkrlar o kstk `oslccor kc ïrko mae co `oslcco `oxl ruffkr paclkstkr, ueo vkz opclmoha sk hofo ue tlk`pa pruhketk hk skmoha poro pastkrlar cldoha mae ueo cldo e :> cldoha ke skma. skma. [eo vkz quk quk sk cldo mae kc kc e :> y vkr quk yo sk marrlblý kc krrar hk mjopo ketaemks sk pramkhk o cldor mae ueo cldo e 6>> poro quk sk pukho oileor kc kc cubor quk sk ksto ksto trofodoeha yo yo quk co cldo e :> ks ks `uy ofroslvo cukba hk lespkmmlaeor vlsuoc`ketk y tamoeha co c o supkrilmlk kvlhkemloeha quk yo ea sk kemuketro mae ksk hkfostk obrkslva hk co cldo cl do e :> sk pramkhk o opclmor co `oso ropoho poro marrkblr ke su tatoclhoh cas royaeks quk puhlkrae qukhorsk ke co mjopo y quk sae `uy l`pkrmkptlfcks co tomta, ksto `oslcco cabro marrkblr kstas krrarks quk pukhke skr kevlhketks sl sk opclmoro hlrkmto`ketk co pleturo y tkelkeha t kelkeha ue omofo ea praikslaeoc. [eo vkz opclmoha ksto `oslcco sk ca cldo mae ueo cldo 8>> y 9>> ke obuo poro qultor kc kxmkhketk y oileor o hktocck kc ïrko marrlblkeha cas krrarks hk rroyohuros oyohuros quk sk tkelo oetkrlar`ketk. ^ar uctl`a sk poso ueo fosk hk macar `khla brls o co mjopo kspkmàilmo`ketk kspkmàilmo`k etk ke cas cuborks c uborks haehk sk rkoclza kc trofoda. [eo vkz quk kstk fosk skmo sk
hkfk cldor mae ueo cldo e 9>> oc obuo yo quk kstk qukho parasa hkspuìs hk su opclmomlýe mae kstk fosk uctl`os hktoccks poro cukba pahkr opclmor co pleturo marrkspaehlketk oc vkjlmuca.
Xrofoda o rkoclzor ^lkzo Mopa
Ke kc mopa sk cckbý o kemaetror l`pkrikmmlaeks ke co pleturo, hksprkehl`lketa hk co `ls`o y par atra coha kc rkmufrl`lketa hk co pleturo ea sk kemaetrofo ueliar`k.
^ramkhk`as o qultor co pleturo oetkrlar mae ueo cldo eô`kra 66>, pramkhk`as kc cldoha safrk taho co supkrilmlk hkc mopa hk iar`o ueliar`k josto qultor kc frlcca hk co pleturo oetkrlar.
Ke cos ïrkos quk sk hksprkehlý co pleturo oetkrlar hkfk`as mufrlrcos mae `oslcco mae kc ile hk quk taho co supkrilmlk hkc mopa qukhk ueliar`k. Co `oslcco utlclzoho ks co `oso paclìstkr `kzmcoha `kzmcoha mae ue motoclzohar motoclzohar kc muoc eas eas boroetlzo ueo ueo `kdar ohjkrkemlo ohjkrkemlo y kehurkml`lketa kehurkml`lke ta hk co `oslcco safrk co supkrilmlk hk co mjopo `ktïclmo.
Hkspuìs hk => `leutas hk posor co `oslcco safrk mjopo `ktïclmo pramkhk`as o cldor hk iar`o quk qukhk ueliar`k taho co supkrilmlk hkc mopa. Kc pramkhl`lketa hk cldoha ks prl`kra mae co cldo eu`kra :> pos poso`as o`as safrk kc `oslccoha poro qultor co `oso kxk kxkslvo, slvo,
ke ca slbulketk sk utlclzo ueo cldo eu`kra 66> poro maetleuor qultoeha co `oso kxkslvo quk qukho ke `kear moetlhoh, y ileoc`ketk sk utlclzo ueo cldo eu`kra 8>> poro hkdor hk `oekro ueliar`k mae kc rksta hkc ïrko hkc mopa.
[tlclzo`as `oslcco rïplho poro hkdor ueliar`k co supkrilmlk y mufrlr cos paraslhohks `lmrasmýplmos.
_ulto`as kc kxmksa hk `oslcco mae ueo cldo eu`kra 9>>
Cukba mufrl`as cos ïrkos hk cldoha mae prl`kr.
Kxtrok`as kc mopa hkc vkjàmuca poro cukba mufrlr mae co prl`kro mopo hk pleturo pl eturo y ileoc`ketk mae co pleturo hk mýhlba >8>,
Ileoc`ketk rktareo`as kc mopa oc vkjàmuca mketroha mae cos hk`ïs plkzos.
Xrofoda o rkoclzor ^lkzo ^oromjaquks ^oromjaquks hkcoetkra
Ke ue lelmla sk pramkhlý o hks`aetor moho uea hk cas ma`paeketks ma`paeketks hk co morramkrào @ltsuflsjl coemkr, pastkrlar`ketk hks`aeto`as kc poromjaquks hkcoetkra hkc vkjàmuca. Vkoclzo`as co cl`plkzo rkspkmtlvo. rkspkmtlvo. [eo vkz cl`pla kc ma`paeketk hkc poromjaquks poromjaquks hkcoetkra rktlro`as ke ocbôe cubor mý`aha y ohkmuoha ohkmuoha poro trofodor, cldor co plkzo, kstk pramksa sk utlclzý ueo cldo hk E´ 8>> hk obuo, poro cos l`pkrikmmlaeks y rktlror sl sk kemuketro co plkzo paraso (`ïs maeamlho plkc hk eoroedo). Kc covoha y cldoha cl doha sk rkoclzo mae fostoetk obuo poro cl`plorco y marrkblr co l`pkrikmmlýe, moho quk ca covk`as osà tkehrk`as ueo mcoro vkrlilmomlýe hkc `ls`a ma`paeketk, ca quk sk rkqulkrk ks quk co plkzo poromjaquks hkcoetkra tkebo ueo supkrilmlk clso.
Kc slbulketk posa o skbulr ke eukstra poromjaquks hkcoetkra hkcoetkra ueo vks hk jofkr cldoha mae cldo E´8>> hk obuo, rkoclzo`as ueo lespkmmlýe hk co `ls`o poro vkrlilmor ma`a qukha, hkspuìs fusmo`as fusmo`as ofaccohuros a portks hk eukstro plkzo haehk joyo quk `oslcco, kstk posa hkfk`as hkfk`as skr `uy mulhohasas mulhohasas hkfk`as hkfk`as tamor co plkzo plkzo mae cos yyk`os k`os hk euk eukstros stros `oeas mae su`o hkclmohkzo poro oprkmlor kc cubor quk ea kstì elvkcoha.
^rl`kra opclmo`as `oslcco poro prkporor co `oslcco hkfk`as vkrtkr kc motoclzohar, utlclzo`as ueo `oslcco hk co `ormo glcckr (`oso paclìstkr) y ksto vlkek mae su motoclzor skbôe co `oslcco eas ho co praparmlýe ohkmuoho ohkmuoho poro kc usa hk co `ls`o ke kstk mosa co praparmlýe hk opclmomlýe opclmomlýe hk `oslcco `oslcco kro hk ue ?>>% hk `oslcco vkrtkr vkrtkr ;% o :% hk motoclzohar poro su skmoha.
Kspkro`as opraxl`oho`ketk opraxl`oho`ketk ue tlk`pa tl k`pa hktkr`leoha hk ;-?> `leutas poro su skmoha, pastkrlar`ketk pramkhk`as pramkhk`as oc cldoha poro poro kstk cldoha utlclzo`as utlclzo`as ueo cldo hk :> o ?;> kkee skma poro kc cldoha hk co `oslcco oetks co plkzo hkfkrï kstor cl`plo. Ke co opclmomlýe hk co `oslcco oc vkrtkr kc motoclzohar hkfk`as jomkr ueo `kzmco ja`abì ja`abìeko, eko, mae cos kspïtucos hk hlikrketks to`oÿas, kc to`oÿa skbôe ke quì portk hk co plkzo vo`as o lleskrtor eskrtor co `oslcco y mae co iar`o hk co kspïtuco horck co iar`o hkc poromjaquks hkcoetkra murvoha ke su opclmomlýe mae co kspïtuco. Ketaemks rkoclzo`as kc cldoha ke kstk mosa mae cldo ?;> ke skma poro hksfostor rïplha kc `otkrloc hk co `oslcco, moho quk cldk`as, pramkhk`as o vkrlilmor co plkzo qukhk flke elvkcoho. Ca slbulketk quk hkfkrào`as rkoclzor ks co opclmomlýe hk `oslcco rïplho, kstk prahumta eas skrvlrï poro cos roccohuros quk eas qukhorae hkspuìs hk cldor co `oslcco paclìstkr mae cldo ?;> a :> ke skma quk hkdoe roccohuros ke portks quk ea sk oprkmloe mae saca tamor mae co `oea. Co opclmomlýe ks co `ls`o quk co `oslcco mae kspïtuco co `oslcco rïplho sk opclmo sle motoclzohar ksto yo vlkek lemarparoho. [tlclzo`as `oslcco rïplho ke co `ormo hk cozzurlc.
[eo vkz opclmoho co `oslcco rïplho sk pramkhkrï o cldor co plkzo poromjaquks poromjaquks hkcoetkra poro hksfostor hksfostor co `oslcco sk utlclzo utlclzo ueo cldo E´ =9> hk obuo, oetks cl`plo co plkzo y hksfostor mae fostoetk obuo y o moho cldoho hkfkrk`as o vkrlilmor co elvkcomlýe hk c plkzo mae co iar`o rkmto a murvo murvo quk tkebo. tkebo. [eo vkz cl`plo kc poromjaquk poromjaqukss hkcoetkra hkspuìs hk vkrtkrco `oslcco rïplho y kc cldoha rkspkmtlva hkfkrk`as hkfkrk`as opclmor kc prl`k hk pleturo co prkporomlýe hk co `ls`o a praparmlýe ohkmuoho ohkmuoho ks 64? hk prl`k, motoclzohar motoclzohar y hlsacvketk tleekr, ke kikmta ksto praparmlýe kstorï kstorï fosoha fosoha par iofrlmoetk hkc prahumta. prahumta. [eo vkz `kzmcoha prl`kra hkfk`as vkrtkr ke kc oc`omkeo`lketa hk pleturo hk eukstro plstaco hk olrk co muoc vkrtkrk`as safrk ue ilctra poro pleturo, poro pkqukÿos pkqukÿos l`purkzos l`purkzos,, eukstro plstaco hk olrk tlkek quk kstor mae co rkbucomlýe pkrikmto poro eukstro opclmomlýe hk pleturo prl`k o eukstro plkzo. Vkbuco`as mae ueo prkslýe opraxl`oho`ketk opraxl`oho`ketk 6,; forks, rkbuco`as kc mouhoc o eukstra mrltkrla, ksto sk fosorï kxmcuslvo`ketk ke co vkcamlhoh hk opclmomlýe. ^astkrlar`ketk sk rkbucorï poro co opclmomlýe ueo iar`o vkrtlmoc ma`a vkrk`as ke co slbulketk l`obke.
Kspkro`as hk ueas : o ?> `leutas poro kc skmoha hk co `ls`o kstk pramksa eas oyuhoro o quk co pleturo hk ohjlkro y cckbuk o hl`leutas `lmra roccohuros ke eukstra poromjaquks poromjaquks hkcoetkra.
Cukba hk co opclmomlýe hkc prl`k sk pramkhk o cldor mae cldo E´ ?>>> hk obuo, pastkrlar`ketk hkfk`as cl`plorco. Kstk posa ueo vkz hk jofkr qukhoha flke eukstro plkzo elvkcoho y clsto cl sto poro co pleturo fosk y prlemlpoc prlemlpoc o eukstro plkzo y horck macar quk rkqulkrk ke kc muoc kc kc mýhlba hk maca macarr ca kemaetro`as ke kc vkjàmuca ke kstk mosa ohkmuo`as eukstro pleturo oc macar hk mýhlba XA\AXO 6G >8>. Co praparmlýe hk co pleturo sk rkblstro par iofrlmoetk. Xo`flìe pahk`as rkoclzor rkoclzor co praparmlýe skbôe kc skmoha skmoha y su vlsmaslhoh vlsmaslhoh hk `oekro `oekro k`pàrlmo `umja hkpkehk o co kxpkrlkemlo. Xrofoda o Vkoclzor ^lkzo Xkmja
^rl`kro`ketk, ta`ork`as ke muketo kc outa`ývlc y vkr ke quì kstoha kstï kc outa`ývlc. Cukba eas rkportl`as moho plkzo par kstuhloetk, ca muoc `k tama kc tkmja hkc outa`ývlc.
Ke kstk posa vkrk`as cas puetas `ïs mràtlmas haehk sk kemuketrke hoÿoha co plkzo.
oquà yo k`pkzo`as o clbor ca prl`kra cukba k`pkzo`as o puclr mae clbo supkrlar mae 66>. cukba k`pkzo`as o clbor taha kc tkmja poro quk oborrk co pleturo mae ueo cldo hk 9>> o :>> y ?>>> poro quk sko ueliar`k.
Oquà co `oquleko`as poro kc pletoha hkc tkmja.
Ke kc omofoha ileoc hkc tkmja hkc outa`ývlc hks`oemjo`as mae tlekr poro quk sk taha porkda.
Xrofoda o rkoclzor plkzo Mopa troskra
^osa ?4 prkporoha hk supkrilmlk Co cl`plkzo y kc hkskebrosoha ks kc posa l`prksmlehlfck hkc pramksa hk prkporomlýe hk co supkrilmlk o pletor. Ksto cl`plkzo kcl`leo tahas cas rkslhuas y maeto`leoetks quk sk hkpasltoe ke co pleturo mae kc posa hkc tlk`pa y kc usa. ^oro ksto apkromlýe ekmksltork`as obuo, hkskebrosoetks y poÿas.
^osa 64 CLDOHA Cukba hk cl`plor co supkrilmlk, pramkhkrk`as o cldor cos ïrkos hoÿohos, poro kccas sk hkfk lespkmmlaeorr hktkelho`ketk tahos cos plkzos o pletor, lhketlilmoeha cos ïrkos quk lespkmmlaeo ekmksltke skr rkstourohos (Yìosk to`flìe4 Ma`a rkstouror pleturo outa`atrlz). Cas hoÿas usuocks quk pahk`as kemaetror ke co pleturo oetlbuo sae ofaccohuros, oroÿozas, l`pomtas hk afdktas, ktm. ^ar co vorlkhoh hk hoÿas quk pahrào`as kemaetror, rksucto maevkelketk mcoslilmorcas ke trks tlpas.
Vkporomlaekss hk mjopo4 ]l co mjopo jo slha rkporoho, ks prafofck quk joyoe qukhoha Vkporomlaek rostras hk pleturo hksmosmorlccoho a hkselvkcks frusmas ketrk cos mopos hk pleturo, ks par kcca quk skrï ekmksorla usor ue broea hk cldo bruksa ^:> poro hkmopor co zaeo, pramuroeha quk ea kxlstk ue hkselvkc frusma frusma ketrk co pleturo soeo y co mjopo. mjopo. Ofaccohuros ckvks4 Ke kstas mosas, sl co pleturo ea kstï portlho a hksmosmorlccoho, ea ks ekmksorla jomkr ue cldoha praiueha, saca ks ekmksorla cldor co prl`kro mopo mae cldo ^?:>, ksta mae co ileoclhoh hk oskburor co ohjkrkemlo hk co o`orlcco quk sk opclmoro poro elvkcor hlmjo ofaccohuro. Oroÿozas k l`pomtas4 Ke kstas mosas joy quk hkmopor josto kemaetror ueo mopo soeo, oskburïehask quk co troeslmlýe ketrk co zaeo oikmtoho y cao zaeo ke fuke kstoha kstk suovk`ketk hkbrohoho. hkbrohoho. ]k rkma`lkeho r kma`lkeho cldo broea ^?;> ” ^?:>. ^?:>.
^O]A =4 KE@O]LCCOHA Cukba hk cldor cos supkrilmlks o pletor, pramkhkrk`as o ke`oslccor cos ïrkos hoÿohos. Kc ke`oslccoha maeslstk ke opclmor `oslcco paclìstkr poro rkcckeor cos l`pkrikmmlaeks hk co mjopo. Co `oslcco paclìstkr Oeypso ks ueo posto mae broe mopomlhoh hk rkcckea, skmoha rïplha y iïmlc cldoha. ^oro su opclmomlýe ks rkma`kehofck ueo kspïtuco omkroho omkroho.. Hkskebrosorr co supkrilmlk oetks hk `oslccor poro oskburor ueo `kdar ohjkrkemlo. Hkskebroso ^rkporomlýe hk co `oslcco4 Co `oslcco ks ue prahumta fl-ma`paeketk. Masto hk co `oslcco hk paclìstkr y co mrk`o kehurkmkhar. Co rkommlýe quà`lmo hk o`fas ma`paeketks pravamo kc kc skmoha y kehurkml`lketa kehurkml`lketa hk co `ls`o. `ls`o. Co `oslcco y kc kehurkmkhar joe hk `kzmcorsk ke co praparmlýe marrkmto7 par moho ?6>>> portks hk `oslcco `oslcco sk oÿohk 6 portks hk kehurkmkhar.
Vk`avkr co `oslcco josto quk ohqulkro ue macar ueliar`k. Opclmomlýe hk co `oslcco4 Mae co oyuho hk ueo kspïtuco omkckroho, opclmork`as co `oslcco safrk co supkrilmlk o rkcckeor, oskburïehaeas hk mufrlr taho kc ïrko hkmopoho. Hkfk`as tkekr ke muketo co iar`o hk co plkzo quk ksto`as ke`oslccoeha, pramuroeha horck o co `oslcco co `ls`o iar`o hk hlmjo plkzo.
^O]A 84 O^CLMOMLÝE HK FO]K ^VL@KV [VKXOEA Kc ^rl`kr [rktoea T; Oeypso ks ueo pleturo hk iaeha mae ue octa maetkelha ke sýclhas, tlkek broe mopomlhoh hk rkcckea y ks iïmlc cldoha. Kc prl`kr rkcckeo pkqukÿas hkikmtas hk cos rkporomlaeks y pormjks hk `oslcco (paras, surma, royaeks), praparmlaeoeha ue sustrota ja`abìeka o co pleturo hk omofoha., ohk`ïs pratkbk cos supkrilmlks hk `ktoc hkseuha quk joyoe qukhoha oc hksmuflkrta huroetk kc cldoha prkvla Hkskebrosorr co supkrilmlk Hkskebroso Ke`osmoror cos zaeos quk ea voe o pletorsk. ^rkporomlýe hk co l`prl`omlýe4 Kc l`prl`oetk ks ue prahumta fl ” ” ma`paeketk, ma`paeketk, ca muoc l`pclmo quk jo hk `kzmcorsk mae kc motoclzohar poro quk tkebo cubor kc skmoha hkc `ls`a. Kc hlsacvketk odustorï co vlsmaslhoh hkc prahumta. Co praparmlýe hkc l`prl`oetk, motoclzohar y hlcuyketk hkpkehkrï hkc iofrlmoetk. Co praparmlýe hk `kzmco usuoc hkc l`prl`oetk y kc motoclzohar ks ?Bc hk Fosk, ?/: hk motoclzohar y ° Bc hk hlsacvketk. Opclmomlýe hkc l`prl`oetk4 ]k opclmo mae plstaco maevkemlaeoc maevkemlaeoc a jvcp. Opclmor has `oeas jô`khos hkc prahumta, hkdoeha ue letkrvoca hk ; o ?> `le. Ketrk mopos.
Cukba hk pletor co supkrilmlk eas hlspaek`as o cldor cl dor mae cldoharo usoeha cldo broea ^8>>, y sl ea hlspaek`as hk ueo, usor cldo broea =6> poro cldor o `oea. ^O]A ;4 opclmomlýe hk co pleturo `aeamopo ^[ >8> Hkskebrosoha4 Hkskebroso ha4 ^oro kcl`leor muocqulkr rkslhua quk l`prkbek co supkrilmlk, hkfk`as hkskebrosorco, poro kcca usork`as hlsacvketk hkskebrosoetk hkskebrosorco, hkskebrosoetk y ue poÿa hk `lmrailfro, kc muoc eas oskburorï ueo supkrilmlk cl`plo y sle l`purkzos l `purkzos el pkcusos. Kc ^oÿa Bu`asa4 Kc poÿa bu`asa, to`flìe cco`oha poÿa otropopacva, ks ue tropa kspkmloc l`prkbeoha mae rksleo quk posork`as safrk co supkrilmlk o pletor poro rkmabkr
cas ôctl`as rkstas hk portàmucos sýclhos. ]k hkfk hksclzor suovk`ketk par taho co supkrilmlk sle kdkrmkr hk`osloho prkslýe.
^O]A 9 4 Vktaquks Ke kstk posa ca quk sk oro ks hk pletor cos portks skmuehorlos hkc vkjàmuca poro horck ue omofoha `ïs kstìtlma y praikslýe
Maemcuslýe4
sk rkoclzý ue trofoda hketra hk eukstros paslflclhohks marrlblkeha cas prafck`os hk mjopo poro quk tkebo ue fuke omofoha y ueo pleturo ke `uy fukeos maehlmlaeks odustoeha y oma`ahoeha co plkzo poro quk ke kstìtlmo qukhk ca `kdar paslfck. OEXK]
HK]^[K]
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